1363812 九、發朋翻] -------------- - 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於—種金屬結構及其製造方法，其尤指—種抗剌磨之金 屬結構及其製造綠，魏於附著金屬紐上之賴層絲祕電化學反 應形成-緻密的氧化層，以增加金屬基材的抗紐及耐磨性。 【先前技術】 金屬是工業上常用的材料，以鋼鐵為例，其在大氣中容易產生錄⑽ 現象，尤其在亞熱㈣台灣，氣候多雨潮濕，鋼__問題導致每年數 以千萬計的機件、設施及裝備報廢，鋼鐵的防崎術是卫業界非常重 知常見鋼鐵的防倾術可區分為：有機塗裝法(其係在鋼鐵上 塗佈熟漆或環氧塗解）、魏法(在鋼鐵上紐鉻、鎳或鋅等金屬）、执 、_、_或鑛齡金则錄騎法在賴 上形成一溶射層。 .· 金屬騎法可以提供鋼鐵長期的保護，㈣的金屬賴材料有辞、紹 金T ’但熔射層為多孔隙之皮膜，該皮膜一般須經後續的封孔處 ,真補隙，以減少外來_因子進人纖基材的機會，進而提高具有 溶射層鋼鐵的耐料限。常㈣封孔辭滅紐良好神利康材料。、 有雜層的鋼鐵在精密機構的許多部位，常因為精度的要求而 ^絡的方知這些機構的結合部位、轉動件或滑動件，通常採電 人辨士 "提升鋼鐵之耐银和财磨性能。工業上鍍絡常使用六價絡， 二對人體有相當轉性，且其翁及雜性會造成訪、上呼吸道傷害及 外’鐘絡所產生的廢水等環保問題—直為人垢病，尤其近年 ^許户國豕明文規定限用或禁用六價鉻，例如歐盟自2006 、電Γ設備中不得含有六價鉻，並將在膽年全面禁用六 ^ '、、、、日等先進國家亦將陸續跟進。 鍵各取代方案有電鑛鎳鶴合金；冑速燃氧炫射碳化鶴、錦基合金材料、 1363812 ΐ取 磷三元化學錦；及放查披_—鉻基硬質合金等，惟上述 雖較為敏=Γ触切料及鍍魏。以化學賊麵法所製備之鐘層 法:=:或放電披覆~層均為_ 用：伽㈣鳩恤冑，败⑽，所以無法應 ;和耐磨之場合，而炫射層常用的後處理技術如有機封孔法，如前 =亦不能制於機械的結合部位、機械的滑動或獅之元件上，如此使 熔射法在應用上受到極大的限制。 铜错Z、’本個人提出-種抗㈣狀金4結構，其可改善金屬基材(如 ίϊίϊ 層綠且具賊之缺點，以増強習知具树脑層或銘合 二、’屬紐之抗磨性，本發明抗糾磨之錢結構能顧於機械的結 二指、機械㈣動或轉動之元件，或其他需高抗磨之場合，㈣抗勉耐 磨之金屬結構能在潮_環境巾制，而不會發生錄觸現象。 【發明内容】 、本發明之主要目的，在於提供一種抗钱財磨之金屬結構及其製造方 法在具有複數孔隙的保護層上形成二敏密的氧化層，來封填該保護層的 複數孔隙’啸冑金祕材在赫魏下的抗雌。 、、本發明之次要目的，在於提供__輸#耐狀金屬結構及其製造方 法在該具有複數孔隙的保護層上方形成一緻密的氧化層，以提高金屬基 材的抗磨性’使魏朗於機械的結合雜、賊的滑誠獅之元件， 或其他需高抗磨之場合。 本發明提供-種抗柄磨之金屬結構及其製造方法，其巾該抗糾磨 金屬、”^構，包括.一金屬基材；一保護層位於該金屬基材上，該保護層 ^複數個孔隙；及-氧化層位於該㈣層上。該抗剌磨之金屬結構之 =· ie方法，其步驟包括：提供一金屬紐；形成一保護層在該金屬基材上， 該保護層具有複數個·;及形成—氧化層於該保護層上。 1363812 【實施方式】‘- 兹為使貴審查委員對本發明之結構特徵及方法步雜有更進_步之瞭 解與認識’現以較佳之實施例說明如後。 夕 ” 請參閱第1圖，其係為本發明抗钱耐磨之金屬結構較佳實施例d視 圖’該抗躺磨之金屬結構，包括：一金屬基材i，該金屬基材可為銅、α辞” 錯、鐵等常用金屬，於此實施例中係為—鋼鐵基材，該金屬基材1有一粗f 糙面1卜該粗敍® 11可增加該金屬基材i上之材料的附著性；_；保護層2 位於該金屬基材1上，在-隔絕氧的環境下以騎法來形成該保護層2，該 保護層2為一铭或紹合金層’該銘合金係選自銘鎂合金、辦孟合金、銘銅 合金、銘辞合金、你夕合金、紹鈦合金及賴矽合金之任一。且該保護層2 之膜厚範圍為5㈣，且該保護層2上具有複數個孔隙21 氧化層3 形成於該保言蒦層2上，該氧化層3係為-_的氧化銘或銘合金氧化物層， 該銘合金氧化物純自賴合金氧化物、㉟猛合金氧化物、軸谷金氧化 物、_合金氧彳b#/、_合金氧化物、is#合金氧化物及賴碎合金氧 化物之任-’魏化層3為該保護層2的阻絕與耐磨層，以防止外部的水 分或氧氣等銹蝕因子進入該保護層2的孔隙21中，以避免該金屬基材j之 錄姓，且該氧化層3可以增強該保護層2的硬度，以增進抗姓财磨之金屬 結構的抗飯性及耐磨性。 請再參閱第2圖，其係為本發明較佳實施例之抗蝕耐磨之金屬結構之 製造方法步驟流程圖，其包括如下所述之步驟。 步驟S1提供一金屬基材；該金屬基材可為銅、辞、錯、鐵等常用金屬， 於此實施例中，該金屬基材為一鋼鐵基材。 步驟S2使該金屬基材表面粗糙；可用噴砂、機械粗磨或化學腐蝕的步驟 來達成。 步驟S3清潔該金屬基材；可用高壓流體.、超音波振盪器及金屬清潔劑來 達到清潔該金屬基材的目的。 步驟S4形成一保護層在該金屬基材上，且該保護層具有複數個孔隙；該 保護層係在隔絕氧氣的環境下’用炫射法熔射铭或銘合金來形成 該保護層，熔射溫度的範圍為1〇〇〜250°C，作法是先將鋁或鋁合 金材，狀概㈣-、飞藏麻祕紐巾:^福或銘合金 狀態’再利用高觀體將融炫或半融 熔狀態的喊銘合金㈣，快速地霧化並輸送至該金 合金的保護層，由於形成鱗射層的過 ΐ〜=ίί1ρί過程，所以會在保護層上形成複數個孔隙結 法來形1·^· f^(本發明之轉法可賴騎及電聚炫射 層的性質ϋ 、恤纟、妹物_保護 nr化層⑽倾層上。在該保護層上進行陽極處理，使該 保護層的軸齡金經飢學反應爾變魏_顿合金氧 i二如:匕能形成一緻密的氧化層’該緻密的氧化層成為該保護 層的封孔層’賜止外部_朗子進人·護層軌隙中，造 成該金屬基材之_，且魏化層可以增強該保護層的硬度，以 增進抗朗磨之金屬結構的抗紐及耐磨性。本發明之陽極處理 法是將域齡金置於陽極，_銘、錯、碳棒或是轉為陰極， 並施加-直流電、紐電或脈衝電流，伽或齡金表面形成氧 化銘或銘合錢化物，陽域理村在雜電解f巾進行，依據 酸性電解質分類’陽極處理法可分祕酸陽極法、硫酸陽極法、 麟酸陽極法、魏陽極法、紐陽極法或有機輯極法，此外陽 極處理法也可在中性及驗性電解液中進行，在中性電解質中進行 陽極處理可得到較緻密的氧化層（即障壁型氧化膜），在酸性或弱 鹼性電解液中進行陽極處理則會得到多孔型的氧化層（即多孔型 氧化膜），該多孔型的氧化膜具有較大的硬度、耐磨性、_性 犮化學穩定性。陽極處理法以叙為例，其化學反應式如下所述： A1 —> A13++ 3e" Α13++30Η· —Α1(ΟΗ)3 2 A1(0H)3 —> Al2〇3 · H20 + 2Ft + 20H" A1203 + 6IT — 2A13+ + 3H2〇 該氧化層可再進-步做封孔的步驟，因為姉紹合金的陽極處 1363812 理仍然生一些微孔，這些德:孔傾向吸收環境中的化學物 質，如此會造成鋁和鋁合金結構的破壞，封孔的步驟可用熱水封 孔、鉻酸鹽封孔、醋酸鎳封孔、铯鹽封孔等方法來達成，此外於 電解液中加入鉬酸錢也可得到較小微孔且緻密之氧化層。 綜上所述，本發明抗蝕耐磨之金屬結構及其製造方法能提高金屬基材 (如纖基材)在潮澄環境下的抗錄，並能應用於機械的結合部位、機械 的滑動或轉動之元件，或其他需高耐磨之場合。 准以上所述者’僅為本發明抗#耐磨之金屬結構及其製造方法之一較 ，實施例而已’並非用來限定本發明實施之顧，舉驗本發明中請專利 .範圍所述之構造、特徵及精神所為之均等變化與修飾’均應包括於本發明 . 之申請專利範圍内。 ' ' 【圖式簡單說明】 ， 第—’本發明賊耐磨之金屬結構較佳實關之示意圖。 。為本發·佳實_之抗_磨之金躲構之製造方法步驟流程 '【主要元件符號說明】 ; 1金屬基材 21孔隙 11粗糙面/ 3氧化層 • 2保護層 91363812 九,发朋翻] -------------- - [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a metal structure and a method of manufacturing the same, which particularly refers to an anti-honing The metal structure and the green color thereof are formed by the electrochemical reaction of the lyophilized layer on the metal-bonded layer to form a dense oxide layer to increase the resistance and wear resistance of the metal substrate. [Prior Art] Metal is a commonly used material in the industry. Taking steel as an example, it is easy to produce the phenomenon of recording (10) in the atmosphere, especially in the sub-thermal (four) Taiwan, the climate is rainy and humid, and the steel __ problem causes tens of millions of each year. Machine parts, facilities and equipment are scrapped. The anti-gassing technology of steel is very important to the industry. The anti-pouring technique of common steel can be divided into: organic coating method (which is coated with steel paint or epoxy coating). Weifa (metals such as chrome, nickel or zinc on steel), _, _, _ or mine age gold are recorded on the Lai to form a spray layer. . . metal riding method can provide long-term protection of steel, (4) metal lai material has a remark, Shao Jin T 'but the molten layer is a porous film, the film generally has to go through the subsequent sealing, the true gap, to Reduce the chance of foreign factors into the fiber substrate, and thus increase the material resistance of the steel with the spray layer. Often (four) sealing the remarks of the New Good God Lee Kang materials. There are many layers of steel in many parts of the precision mechanism, often because of the accuracy requirements, knowing the joints, rotating parts or sliding parts of these mechanisms, usually the electrician is discriminating " improving the silver resistance of steel and Grinding performance. In the industry, the hexavalent network is often used in the plating, and the two are quite versatile in the human body, and the worms and impurities will cause environmental problems such as visits, upper respiratory tract injuries and waste water generated by the external 'Zhongluo'. In particular, in recent years, Xu Huguo explicitly stipulates that the use of hexavalent chromium should be restricted or prohibited. For example, since 2006, the EU has not included hexavalent chromium in electric equipment, and will completely ban six advanced countries such as six^', 、, 、, etc. It will also follow up. Each of the bond substitution schemes has an electric ore nickel-iron alloy; an idle-speed oxygen-emitting radiant carbonized crane, a gold-based alloy material, 1363812, a phosphorus ternary chemical brocade; and a pebbled _-chromium-based hard alloy, but the above is relatively Sen = Γ touch cut and plating. The clock layer method prepared by the chemical thief surface method: =: or the discharge coating ~ layer is _ with: gamma (four) 鸠 胄, defeat (10), so can not be; and wear-resistant occasions, and the glare layer is commonly used Post-treatment techniques such as organic sealing methods, such as before = can not be made on mechanical joints, mechanical sliding or lion components, so that the spray method is greatly limited in application. The copper is wrong Z, 'this person proposes a kind of anti-(four)-shaped gold 4 structure, which can improve the metal substrate (such as ίϊίϊ layer green and has the thief's shortcomings, to barely know the tree layer or the Ming II, 'genus The anti-wearing property of the present invention can take into account the mechanical two-finger, mechanical (four) moving or rotating components, or other occasions requiring high anti-wear, (4) the anti-cracking and wear-resistant metal structure can be in the tide _ environmental towel system, without the phenomenon of recording. [Invention] The main object of the present invention is to provide a metal structure resistant to money and its manufacturing method to form a double-sensitive layer on a protective layer having a plurality of pores The oxide layer is used to seal the plurality of pores of the protective layer. The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a __transfer metal structure and a manufacturing method thereof. Forming a uniform oxide layer over the protective layer having a plurality of pores to improve the abrasion resistance of the metal substrate', such as Weilang's mechanical bonding, thief's sliding lion's components, or other high-wear resistance Occasionally, the present invention provides a metal structure resistant to a handle grinding and The manufacturing method comprises the anti-correcting metal of the towel, comprising: a metal substrate; a protective layer on the metal substrate, the protective layer having a plurality of pores; and an oxide layer on the (four) layer. The method of the anti-honing metal structure includes the steps of: providing a metal bond; forming a protective layer on the metal substrate, the protective layer having a plurality of layers; and forming an oxide layer on the protective layer 1363812 [Embodiment] '- In order to enable your review board to have a better understanding of the structural features and methods of the present invention, the following is a description of the preferred embodiment. The figure is a view of a preferred embodiment of the metal structure of the invention for resisting money and abrasion. The metal structure of the anti-lying wear comprises: a metal substrate i, which may be copper, alpha, or a common metal such as iron, in this embodiment, is a steel substrate, the metal substrate 1 has a rough f rough surface 1 and the coarse metal layer 11 can increase the adhesion of the material on the metal substrate i; The protective layer 2 is located on the metal substrate 1 and is mounted by riding in an environment of isolating oxygen. Forming the protective layer 2, the protective layer 2 is a Ming or Shao alloy layer. The alloy is selected from the group consisting of magnesium alloy, Mengmeng alloy, Ming copper alloy, Mingzhen alloy, Youxi alloy, Shao titanium alloy and Laiwu. Any one of the alloys, and the protective layer 2 has a film thickness of 5 (four), and the protective layer 2 has a plurality of pores 21. The oxide layer 3 is formed on the layer 2, which is -_ Oxidized Ming or Ming alloy oxide layer, the alloy oxide is purely self-reliant alloy oxide, 35 alloy oxide, agglomerate gold oxide, _alloy oxygen b#/, _alloy oxide, is# alloy oxide And the slag alloy oxide-'weihua layer 3 is the barrier and wear layer of the protective layer 2 to prevent external rusting factors such as moisture or oxygen from entering the pores 21 of the protective layer 2 to avoid the metal The substrate j is recorded, and the oxide layer 3 can enhance the hardness of the protective layer 2 to improve the resistance to rice and abrasion resistance of the metal structure against the surname. Please refer to Fig. 2, which is a flow chart showing the steps of a method for manufacturing a corrosion-resistant metal structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which comprises the steps as described below. Step S1 provides a metal substrate; the metal substrate may be a common metal such as copper, symmetry, iron, or the like. In this embodiment, the metal substrate is a steel substrate. Step S2 roughens the surface of the metal substrate; it can be achieved by a step of sand blasting, mechanical rough grinding or chemical etching. Step S3 cleans the metal substrate; the purpose of cleaning the metal substrate can be achieved by using a high pressure fluid, an ultrasonic oscillator, and a metal cleaner. Step S4 forms a protective layer on the metal substrate, and the protective layer has a plurality of pores; the protective layer is formed by spraying a glazing method or an alloy to form the protective layer in an oxygen-insulated environment. The range of the injection temperature is 1〇〇~250°C. The method is to firstly use aluminum or aluminum alloy material, and the shape is (4)-, and the fly hides the burrow towel: ^Fu or Ming alloy state' re-use high view body will melt Or a semi-melt state of the alloy (4), which is rapidly atomized and transported to the protective layer of the gold alloy. Due to the formation of the scale layer, the process of forming a plurality of pores on the protective layer Form 1·^· f^ (The nature of the transfer method of the present invention can be achieved by riding and electro-concentrating layers, 纟, 妹, _ _ protecting the nr layer (10) on the tilt layer. Anodizing on the protective layer So that the age of the protective layer is hunger-reactive, and the alloy is oxygen-like, such as: 匕 can form a dense oxide layer 'the dense oxide layer becomes the sealing layer of the protective layer' _ Langzi enters the sheath of the sheath, causing the metal substrate to be _, and the Weihua layer can enhance the hardness of the protective layer Degree, in order to improve the anti-bumping and wear resistance of the anti-language metal structure. The anode treatment method of the present invention is to place the gold of the age in the anode, _ Ming, wrong, carbon rod or turn into a cathode, and apply - DC , New Zealand or pulse current, gamma or age gold surface formation of oxidation Ming or Minghe money, Yang Tian Licun in the hybrid electrolysis f towel, according to the classification of acid electrolyte 'anode treatment can be divided into the acid anode method, sulfuric acid anode method , linolenic acid anode method, Wei anode method, neo-anode method or organic polar method, in addition, the anode treatment method can also be carried out in neutral and test electrolytes, and the anode treatment in neutral electrolyte can obtain dense oxidation. A layer (ie, a barrier type oxide film) is subjected to anodization in an acidic or weakly alkaline electrolyte to obtain a porous oxide layer (ie, a porous oxide film) having a large hardness and resistance. Grindability, _ 犮 犮 chemical stability. The anodizing method is taken as an example, and its chemical reaction formula is as follows: A1 -> A13++ 3e" Α13++30Η·Α1(ΟΗ)3 2 A1(0H)3 —> Al2〇3 · H20 + 2Ft + 20H" A1203 + 6IT — 2A13+ + 3H2〇 The oxide layer can be further stepped in the step of sealing, because 1363812 at the anode of the bismuth alloy still has some micropores, which tend to absorb chemicals in the environment, which will cause The destruction of the aluminum and aluminum alloy structure, the sealing step can be achieved by hot water sealing, chromate sealing, nickel acetate sealing, strontium salt sealing, etc., and adding molybdenum acid to the electrolyte can also be obtained. Smaller microporous and dense oxide layer. In summary, the corrosion-resistant metal structure of the present invention and the manufacturing method thereof can improve the anti-recording of a metal substrate (such as a fiber substrate) in a Chaocheng environment, and can It is applied to mechanical joints, mechanical sliding or rotating components, or other applications where high wear resistance is required. The above-mentioned ones are only one of the metal structures of the present invention and the manufacturing method thereof, and the embodiments are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Equivalent changes and modifications of the structure, features and spirits are intended to be included in the scope of the invention. ' ' [Simple description of the drawing], the first--the schematic diagram of the metal structure of the thief wear-resistant is better. . The process flow of the manufacturing method of the hair _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _