200823319 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 關於—種金屬結構及其製造方法，其尤指—種抗⑭耐磨之金 屬冓/、衣造綠，其係_著金屬基材上之賴層的表面經電化學反 應形成一緻密的氧化層’以增加金屬基材的抗钕性及耐磨性。 【先前技術】 至屬疋工業上常用的材料’以鋼鐵為例’其在大氣中容易產生銹钕的 瞻 £象> 尤其在亞熱帶的台灣，氣候多雨潮濕，鋼鐵銹钱的問題導致每年數 以千萬計的機件、設施及裝備報廢，因此鋼鐵的防倾術是工業界非常重 視的課題。習知常見鋼鐵的賊技術可區分為：有機塗裝法（其係在鋼鐵上 =佈鋅粉漆或環氧塗料等）、電鍍法(在_上賴鉻、鎳鱗等金屬）、熱 汉鑛法(在鋼鐵上麟、鍍銘、賴紐雜合金滅用金屬熔射法在鋼鐵 上形成一溶射層。 金屬熔射法可以提供鋼鐵長期的保護，Μ的金屬騎材料有辞、紹 及鋅銘合金等’但騎料多關:之細，該細—般須經賴的封孔處 理來填補孔隙，以減少外來錄侧子進入鋼鐵基材的機會，進而提高具有 • 簡層峨的耐解限。常用的封孔劑多為流動性良好的石夕利康材料Γ ▲然而具有騎層的鋼鐵在精密機構的許多部位，f因為精度的要求而 不赫裝封孔劑。f知這些機制結合雜、鶴件或義件，通常採電 鍍硬鉻财絲料鋼敵耐姉耐雜能。玉紅祕常仙六價絡， 其對人體有相當的毒性，且其刺激及腐雛會造成皮膚、上呼吸道傷害及 癌症反應。此外，麟離生的廢轉環朗題—直為人垢病，尤其近年 來環保意識高羅，許多國家明文規定限用或禁用六價鉻，例如歐盟自麵 年起，規I&電機、電子設備中不得含有六價鉻，並將在丽年全面禁用六 仏鉻，其他如美、日等先進國家亦將陸續跟進。 麟取代方財電鍍鎳鎢合金；高速燃氧_碳化鎢、鎳基合金材料、 5 200823319 錄—紹—碟或錄-姑〜辦-- 的取代方餘⑽〖Γ70化學鎳；及放魏_—職铺合铸，惟上述 雖較為緻密，但Sir不及触鉻。以__法_之鑛層 鑛層，故無法使^潮_^^域放紐所制續層⑽多孔隙 用於==巧的材料多為化學活性高，f軟之輕金屬，所以無法應 所述亦不=“之場合’而轉層常用的後處理技術如有機封孔法，如前 炫射5在於機械騎合部位、機械的義或躺之元件上，如此使 祕法在應用上制極大的限制。 鋼鐵人提出—種抗細磨之金屬結構，其可改善金屬基材(如 μ二μ :緣質軟且具孔隙之缺點’以增強習知具有騎銘層或銘合 人二、1 ▲材认磨性，本發徹㈣狀*屬結麟應祕機械的結 ^二機__或_之元件，或其他需高抗磨之場合，且該抗制 磨之玉屬結構能在潮溼的觀中使用，而不會發生絲的現象。 【發明内容】 、本毛月之主要目的’在於提供一種抗敍耐磨之金屬結構及其製造方 $在具有複數孔隙的保護層上形成—緻密的氧化層，來封填該保護層的 _ *數鶴，以提高金屬基材在赫魏T的抗紐。 、本發明之次要目的，在於提供一種抗钱财磨之金屬結構及其製造方 法，在該具有複數孔_保護層上方形成—緻密的氧化層，以提高金屬基 材的抗磨性，使其能應用於機械的結合部位、機械的滑動或轉動之元件， 或其他需高抗磨之場合。 本發明提供-種抗餘耐磨之金屬結構及其製造方法，其中該抗制磨 〈金屬結構’包括·-金屬基材；—保護層位於該金屬基材上，該保護層 具有複數個孔隙，及-氧化層位於該保護層上。該抗糾磨之金屬結構之 製造方法，其轉包括：提供-金屬基材；軸—倾層在該金屬基材上， 4保屢層具有複數個孔隙，及形成—氧化層於該保護層上。 6 200823319 【實施方式】 茲為使貴審查委員對本發明之結構特徵及方法步驟有更進一步之瞭 解與認識，現以較佳之實施例說明如後。 请參閱第1 ® ’其係為本發明抗ϋ耐磨之金屬結構較佳實施例之剖視 圖，§亥抗餘耐磨之金屬結構，包括：一金屬基材i，該金屬基材可為銅、辞、 鉛、鐵等常用金屬’於此實施例中係為一鋼鐵基材，該金屬基材且有一粗 糙面U，該粗链面11可增加該金屬基材i上之材料的附著性；一保護層2 位於該金屬基材1上，在-隔絕氧的環境下崎射法來形成該保護層2，該 保護層2 m齡金層合金係選自賴合金、舰合金、銘銅 σ里铭鋅σ金！合金、鈦合金及纟g鎂⑪合金之任—。且該保護層2 之膜厚細為5G〜5GG卿且該保護層2上具有複數個⑽21 ;—氧化層3 形成於該倾層2上’魏倾3係為—緻密的氧他或齡金氧化物層， 該銘合金氧化物係選自賴合金氧化物、紐合金氧化物、_合金氧化 物 '铭辞合金氧2物、卿合金氧化物、減合金氧化物域财合金氧 化物之任-，該氧化層3絲賴層2的阻職耐磨層，峨止外部的水 分或氧氣等錄侧子進人該保護層2的孔隙21中，以避免該金屬基材i之 銹蝕，且魏鋪3可明龍賴層2的魏， 結構的抗蝕性及耐磨性。 了保心孟屬 ㈣’其係為本發明較佳實施例之抗糾磨之金屬結構之 製造方法步财《，其包括如T所述之步驟。 步驟S1提供-金屬基材；該金屬基材可為鋼、辞、錯、鐵等常用金屬， 於此貫施财，屬紐為-賴紐。 步驟S2使該金屬基材表而相拉· + ;、輪，可用贺❼、、機械粗磨或化學腐蝕的步驟 采運成。 步驟：===:流體、超音波_及金屬清潔劑來 /驟別::声:^在該金屬基材上’且該保護層具錢數個孔隙:該 該^層’麟射法騎18或銘合金來形成 讀，皿度的關為100〜25(TC，作法是先將銘或紹合 7 200823319 金=料引人高溫火焰、電弧或游離狀的電漿中，使雜或铭合金 =又二而成為嘁彡谷或半融熔狀態，再利用高壓氣體將融熔或半融 =大恶的喊銘合金液滴，快速地霧化並輸送至該金屬基材上， ^了固化後形成-m呂合金的保護層，由於形成熱_層的過 =是-個快速冷卻的過程，所以會在保護層切成複數個孔隙結 ^ ’不同的熱騎餘(本發明之騎法可賴騎及電聚炼射 保濩層)、熱源、喷覆速度、冷凝時間將決定該保護 層的性質與結構。 步驟該保護層上。在該保護層上進行陽極處理，使該 或齡金經電化學反應_變為氧触顿合金氧 =封=能形成一緻密的氧化層’該緻密的氧化層成為該保護 曰的封孔層’以防止外部的腐侧子進入該保護層的孔隙中，造 ^該金屬基材之舰’且該氧化層可以增強該保護層的硬度，以 金屬結構健及耐雜。本發明之陽極處理 ==5金置於陽極，利用紹、錯、碳棒或是銘作為陰極， ί ί ，使1_呂合金表面形成氧 =呂或銘δ至減物，陽極處理法可在酸性電解質中進行，依據 解質分類’陽極處理法可分為鉻酸陽極法、硫酸陽極法、 法、草酸陽極法或有機酸陽極法，此外陽 性電概巾進行，在愤電鮮中進行 %極處理可得到較緻密的氧化層（即障壁型氧 驗，電解液，行陽極處理則會得到多孔型的氧馳 氧化㈤，該纽獅氧賴財鼓的硬度、 ^學輯軸纟幽，魏下所述·· A1" + 30H* Α1(〇Η)3 2 Al(OH)3 —> Al2〇3 · H20 + 211^+ 2〇Ηβ Al2〇3 + 2A13++ 3H20 該氧化層可再進-步做封孔的步驟，因為銘和銘合金的陽極處 8 200823319 $仍然會產生一些微孔，這些微孔傾向吸收環境中的化學物 貝如此會造成鋁和鋁合金結構的破壞，封孔的步驟可用熱水封 =、鉻酸鹽封孔、醋酸鎳封孔、绝鹽封孔等方法來達成，此外於 弘解液中加入鉬酸錢也可得到較小微孔且緻密之氧化層。 知上所述’本發明抗酬磨之金屬結構及其製造方法能提高金屬基材 (如鋼鐵基材）在触魏下的抗錄，並能應用於機械的結合部位、機械 的滑動或轉動之元件，或其他需高耐磨之場合。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明祕耐磨之金屬結構及其製造方法之一較 佳實施例而已，並非用來限定本發明實施之範圍，舉凡依本發明”專^ • 細之、概神所為之鱗變化與修飾，均應包括於本發明 之申請專利範圍内。 、+ & η 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖為本發明抗蝕耐磨之金屬結構較佳實施例之示意圖。 第二圖為本發明較佳實施例之抗制磨之金屬結構之製造方法步 圖0 ^ ' 【主要元件符號說明】 馨 1金屬基材 21孔隙 Π粗/糙面， 3氧化層 2保護層200823319 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] Regarding a metal structure and a method for manufacturing the same, it particularly refers to a type of metal 冓/, which is resistant to wear and tear, and which is made on a metal substrate. The surface of the layer is electrochemically reacted to form a dense oxide layer 'to increase the tamper resistance and wear resistance of the metal substrate. [Prior Art] Materials that are commonly used in the industry, 'taking steel as an example', it is easy to produce rust in the atmosphere.> Especially in subtropical Taiwan, the climate is rainy and humid, and the problem of steel rust is caused by the number of years. Tens of millions of parts, facilities and equipment are scrapped, so the anti-tilting technology of steel is a topic of great importance to the industry. The common thief technology of common steel can be divided into: organic coating method (which is on steel = cloth zinc powder paint or epoxy coating, etc.), electroplating method (in _ _ chrome, nickel scales and other metals), hot Han The mining method (formation of a molten layer on steel in the steel on the steel, plating, and Laiwu alloy). The metal melting method can provide long-term protection of steel, and the metal riding material has a remark. Zinc Ming alloy, etc. 'But the riding material is more than: the fine, the fine-like sealing treatment to fill the pores, to reduce the chance of the foreign recorded side into the steel substrate, and thus improve the simple layer Resistant to the solution. Most commonly used sealing agents are Shixilikang materials with good fluidity. ▲ However, steel with riding layers is in many parts of precision mechanisms, f is not required to install sealing sealants because of precision. The mechanism is combined with miscellaneous, crane or prosthetic parts. Usually, it is made of hard-plated hard chrome wire. It is resistant to impurities. The jade red secret is often hexavalent, which is quite toxic to the human body, and its stimulation and rot. Causes skin, upper respiratory tract injury and cancer reaction. In addition, the waste of lining The ring is a straightforward problem. In particular, it has been environmentally conscious in recent years. Many countries have explicitly restricted or banned hexavalent chromium. For example, since the beginning of the European Union, I& motors and electronic equipment must not contain hexavalent chromium. And will completely ban six chrome chrome in Li Nian, and other advanced countries such as the United States, Japan and other countries will also follow up. Lin replaced Fangcai electroplated nickel-tungsten alloy; high-speed oxygenation _ tungsten carbide, nickel-based alloy materials, 5 200823319 -Shao-disc or record-gu-do---the replacement of the remainder (10) 〖70 chemical nickel; and put Wei _- job shop casting, but the above is relatively dense, but Sir is less than touch chrome. __ method _ The ore layer is so that it cannot make the tidal layer of the tidal _^^ domain. (10) Porosity is more chemically active, f soft and light metal, so it cannot be said or not = " In the case of 'transfer layer' commonly used post-processing techniques such as organic sealing method, such as the front glare 5 is on the mechanical riding position, the mechanical meaning or lying components, so that the secret method is greatly limited in application. A metal structure resistant to fine grinding is proposed, which can improve the metal substrate (such as μ μ μ : edge Soft and porous shortcomings 'to enhance the conventional knowledge of riding the Ming layer or the Ming people 2, 1 ▲ material wearability, this hair (four) shape * is the knot of the forest should be the second machine __ or _ The component, or other occasions requiring high anti-wear, and the anti-wearing jade structure can be used in the wet view without the phenomenon of silk. [Summary] The main purpose of the present month is to provide A metal structure resistant to wear and wear and a manufacturer thereof to form a dense oxide layer on a protective layer having a plurality of pores to seal the protective layer of the _ * number of cranes to improve the metal substrate in Hervey T The second objective of the present invention is to provide a metal structure resistant to money and a manufacturing method thereof, and a dense oxide layer is formed over the plurality of pore-protective layers to improve the abrasion resistance of the metal substrate. It can be applied to mechanical joints, mechanical sliding or rotating components, or other applications where high wear resistance is required. The invention provides a metal structure resistant to residual wear and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the anti-wearing <metal structure' comprises a metal substrate; a protective layer is located on the metal substrate, the protective layer has a plurality of pores And - the oxide layer is on the protective layer. The manufacturing method of the anti-correcting metal structure comprises: providing a metal substrate; a shaft-dipping layer on the metal substrate, 4 maintaining layers having a plurality of pores, and forming an oxide layer on the protective layer on. 6 200823319 [Embodiment] For a better understanding and understanding of the structural features and method steps of the present invention, the present invention will now be described in the preferred embodiments. Please refer to FIG. 1 '' is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the metal structure for resisting wear and tear of the present invention, and the metal structure of the anti-wear and wear resistance includes: a metal substrate i, which may be copper Common metal such as rhetoric, lead, iron, etc. is a steel substrate in this embodiment, and the metal substrate has a rough surface U, which can increase the adhesion of the material on the metal substrate i. a protective layer 2 is located on the metal substrate 1 and is formed by a sputtering method in an oxygen-insulating environment. The protective layer 2 m gold alloy is selected from the group consisting of Lai alloy, ship alloy, and copper σ. Li Ming Zinc Sigma Gold! Alloy, titanium alloy and 纟g magnesium 11 alloy. And the protective layer 2 has a film thickness of 5G 〜5GG qing and the protective layer 2 has a plurality of (10) 21; the oxidized layer 3 is formed on the slant layer 2 'Wei Dang 3 series is - dense oxygen or age gold Oxide layer, the alloy oxide is selected from the group consisting of Lai alloy oxide, new alloy oxide, _alloy oxide 'Inscription alloy oxygen 2, Qing alloy oxide, alloy oxide oxide alloy oxide - the wear-resistant layer of the oxide layer 3 of the layer 2, the external moisture or oxygen, etc., enters the pores 21 of the protective layer 2 to avoid corrosion of the metal substrate i, and Wei Pu 3 can be used in the layer 2 of Ming Long Lai, the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the structure. The guarantor of the genus (4) is a manufacturing method for the anti-correction metal structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which includes the steps as described in T. Step S1 provides a metal substrate; the metal substrate can be a common metal such as steel, rheology, error, iron, etc. Step S2 causes the metal substrate to be drawn and pulled, and the wheel can be harvested by a step of helium, mechanical rough grinding or chemical etching. Steps: ===: Fluid, Ultrasonic_ and Metal Cleaner come / Break:: Sound: ^ On the metal substrate 'and the protective layer has a few holes: the ^ layer' 18 or Ming alloy to form a reading, the degree of the degree is 100~25 (TC, the practice is to first Ming or Shaohe 7 200823319 gold = material to attract high temperature flame, arc or free plasma, make miscellaneous or Ming Alloy = two and become a valley or semi-melt state, and then use high-pressure gas to melt or semi-melt = the big evil of the shouting alloy droplets, quickly atomized and transported to the metal substrate, ^ After curing, the protective layer of the -m-lu alloy is formed, and since the formation of the thermal_layer is a rapid cooling process, a plurality of pores are formed in the protective layer. 'Different heat riding (the riding of the present invention) The nature of the protective layer and the structure will determine the nature and structure of the protective layer. Step on the protective layer. Perform anodizing on the protective layer to make the or The age of gold is electrochemically reacted _ into oxygen contact alloy oxygen = seal = can form a dense oxide layer 'the dense oxide layer becomes the guarantee The sealing layer of the shin guard is used to prevent the external rotted side from entering the pores of the protective layer, and the metal substrate is formed and the oxide layer can enhance the hardness of the protective layer, and the metal structure is resistant and resistant to impurities. The anode treatment of the invention==5 gold is placed on the anode, using the Shao, wrong, carbon rod or Ming as the cathode, ί ί , to form the surface of the 1_Lu alloy to form oxygen = Lu or Ming δ to the reduction, anodizing Can be carried out in an acidic electrolyte, according to the classification of the 'anode treatment' can be divided into chromic acid anode method, sulfuric acid anode method, method, oxalic acid anode method or organic acid anode method, in addition to the positive electric towel, in the anger The % pole treatment can obtain a dense oxide layer (ie, the barrier type oxygen test, the electrolyte, and the anode treatment will obtain the porous type oxygen oxide oxidation (5), the hardness of the New Zealand oxygen gas drum, ^ learning axis幽,魏下下·· A1" + 30H* Α1(〇Η)3 2 Al(OH)3 —> Al2〇3 · H20 + 211^+ 2〇Ηβ Al2〇3 + 2A13++ 3H20 The oxide layer can be Step-by-step to do the sealing step, because the anode of the Ming and Ming alloys at 8 200823319 $ will still produce some Holes, these micropores tend to absorb chemical chemicals in the environment, which will cause damage to the aluminum and aluminum alloy structure. The steps of sealing can be sealed with hot water, chromate sealing, nickel acetate sealing, salt sealing, etc. The method is also achieved, and a small microporous and dense oxide layer can also be obtained by adding molybdenum acid to the Hong solution. The metal structure of the invention and the manufacturing method thereof can improve the metal substrate ( Such as steel substrate) in the anti-recording under the touch, and can be applied to mechanical joints, mechanical sliding or rotating components, or other occasions requiring high wear resistance. However, the above is only the secret of the present invention. The preferred embodiment of the wear-resistant metal structure and the method of manufacturing the same is not intended to limit the scope of the practice of the present invention, and the scale change and modification according to the present invention should be included. Within the scope of the patent application of the present invention. , + & η [Simple description of the drawings] The first figure is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the metal structure for resisting wear resistance of the present invention. The second figure is a manufacturing method of the anti-wear metal structure according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 0 ^ ' [Major component symbol description] Xin 1 metal substrate 21 pores rough/rough surface, 3 oxide layer 2 protective layer