1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 技術領域 技術區域 5 本發明係有關於液晶顯示元件（liquid crystal display ; LCD)及其驅動方法。 【先前技術】 背景技術 在段型、點矩陣型、及兩者之複合型液晶顯示元件中， 10 係調整用於顯示之段部或點部以外之區域（非顯示區域）的 顯示色，以提高顯示易視度或設計性等。 第8(A)〜(C)圖係概略地顯示可調整非顯示區域之色調 之液晶顯示元件内部結構例的分解透視圖。 請參照第8(A)圖，液晶顯示元件的結構包含有相對配 15 置成大略平行的上側基板50a及下側基板5〇b、及被挾持於 其間之液晶層55。上側基板50a及下側基板5〇b設有如平板 玻璃基板(上側及下側玻璃基板51a、51b)、在該等平板玻璃 基板相對面上以ITO(indium tin oxide)等透明導電材形成且 具有預定圖案之電極（上側及下側透明電極52a、52b)、及形 20 成於各電極上之配向膜（上側及下側配向膜53a、53b)。液晶 層55係由如正型介電係數異向性(Δε>〇)向列液晶所形成之 扭轉向列液晶層，且藉由上側及下側配向膜53a、53b之摩 擦方向所定之扭轉角係如90°。 在上側基板50a及下側基板50b外側上，一對上側及下 5 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 側偏光板54a、54b係沿摩擦方向配置成正交偏光狀態。上 侧及下側偏光板54a、54b分別在面向内方向具有穿透軸， 且只供於穿透轴方向偏光之光穿透。在未施加電壓的狀態 下，入射光之偏光方向係依照液晶分子的配向旋轉，然後 穿透偏光板，進行白底顯示。在圖8(A)中，以箭頭表示穿 透轴方向。1358567 Patent No. 95137884 Application No. 100.8.23 Correction and Replacement IX. Description of the Invention: Technical Field of the Invention Technical Field 5 The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a method of driving the same. [Prior Art] In the segment type, the dot matrix type, and the composite liquid crystal display element of the two, the 10 series adjusts the display color of the region (non-display area) for the display portion or the dot portion, Improve display visibility or design. The eighth (A) to (C) drawings schematically show an exploded perspective view showing an example of the internal structure of the liquid crystal display element in which the color tone of the non-display area can be adjusted. Referring to Fig. 8(A), the liquid crystal display device has a structure in which the upper substrate 50a and the lower substrate 5b are arranged substantially parallel to each other, and the liquid crystal layer 55 held therebetween. The upper substrate 50a and the lower substrate 5〇b are provided with, for example, flat glass substrates (upper and lower glass substrates 51a and 51b), and are formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO (indium tin oxide) on the opposite surfaces of the flat glass substrates. The electrodes of the predetermined pattern (the upper and lower transparent electrodes 52a and 52b) and the alignment film formed on each of the electrodes (the upper and lower alignment films 53a and 53b). The liquid crystal layer 55 is a twisted nematic liquid crystal layer formed of a positive dielectric anisotropy (Δε > 〇) nematic liquid crystal, and a twist angle determined by the rubbing directions of the upper and lower alignment films 53a, 53b. It is like 90°. On the outer side of the upper substrate 50a and the lower substrate 50b, a pair of upper and lower sides, No. 95,137,884, the application of the 100.8.23 correction replacement side polarizing plates 54a and 54b are arranged in a crossed polarization state in the rubbing direction. The upper and lower polarizing plates 54a, 54b respectively have a transmission axis in the inward direction, and are only allowed to penetrate light that is polarized in the direction of the transmission axis. In a state where no voltage is applied, the polarization direction of the incident light is rotated in accordance with the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, and then penetrates the polarizing plate to perform white display. In Fig. 8(A), the direction of the transmission axis is indicated by an arrow.
多色背光56係配置於下側偏光板54b外側，且多色背光 56係可射出複數色之光的背光，並且使用如RGB多色LED 光源。 藉由連接於上側及下側透明電極52a、52b間之施加電 壓機構，可施加電壓於液晶層55，使液晶分子從水平方向 直立於垂直方向，如此入射光之偏光方向即可不受液晶層 影響，而被正交偏光片遮擋。 由多色背光56發出、通過液晶層55之光在穿透上側偏 光板54a時，係藉由發出之光色進行「亮」顯示，而在被上 側偏光板54a遮擋時進行「暗」顯示。 在使用「暗」顯示使顯示部為黑顯示之白底型液晶顯 示元件中，藉由使用可使背光之發光色變化的多色背光， 可任意變化非顯示區域之色調。 請參照第8(B)圖，第8(B)圖所示之液晶顯示元件與第 8(A)圖所示者相比，不同點在於使用上側及下側色偏光板 54c、54d來代替上側及下側偏光板54a、54b ,及使用白色 背光57來代替多色背光％。 白色背光57係使用例如冷陰極螢光管（c〇ld cathode 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 — _ fluorescent lamp ; CCFL)構成。也有使用無機白色LED(Hght emitting diode)、有機白色LED等構成者。 另外，上側及下側色偏光板54c、54d係配置成正交偏 光狀態。 5 雖然第8(A)圖之上側及下側偏光板54a、54b係如淺灰 色調的偏光板，但第8(B)圖之上側及下側色偏光板54c、54d 係如利用色素染色之色偏光板。藉由使由白色背光57射出 之光穿透上側及下側色偏光板54c、54d，可將背景色設定 為由上側及下側色偏光板54c、54d所決定之顏色。 10 請參照第8(C)圖，第8(C)圖所示之液晶顯示元件與第 8(B)圖所示者相比，不同點在於上側偏光板5如與上側基板 50a之間插有相位差板58。又，藉由插入相位差板58，可調 整非顯示區域的色調。 非顯示區域之色調調整可藉由液晶層厚度、液晶分子 15扭轉程度之調整、偏光板、相位差板之組合等進行。 另外，在第8(B)及(C)圖所示之液晶顯示元件中，無法 在元件完成後改變非顯示區域之色。 第9(A)及（B)圖係概略地顯示可調整點部或段部之色 調之液晶顯示元件内部結構例的分解透視圖。 20 明參照第9(A)圖，第9(A)圖所示之液晶顯示元件與第 8(A)圖所示者相比，不同點在於上側及下側基板5〇&、5〇b 間配置有區域濾色片（area c〇l〇r filter)6〇及黑膜59，及使用 白色背光57代替多色背光56。 區域遽色片60係包含例如紅色部6〇r、綠色部6〇g、藍 7 第95137884號申請案1〇〇.8_23修正替換 色卩60b及白色部6〇w構成者。在圖示之液晶顯示元件中’ #由使由白色背光57發出之光穿透區域濾色片6〇之相異色 區域(各色部6〇r ’ g，b，w)，即可顯示複數色。 黑膜59係覆蓋色區域邊界用以提高對比或色純度而 5 配置者。 4參照、第9(B)圖’第9(B)圖所示之液晶顯示元件與第 8(A)圖所不者相比，不同點在於上側及下側偏光板54a 54b 配置成平行偏光。此外，在由多色背光56發出之光於下側 偏光板54b偏光’且依照電壓纟施加時之液晶分子的配向狀 10態旋轉偏光方向時’會與上側偏光板54a之偏光方向垂直而 被遮擋。即本圖所示之液晶顯示元件係使用多色背光之黑 底型液晶顯示元件。藉由施加電壓時之發光色，可進行複 數色顯示。 眾所周知，在如進行段顯示之液晶顯示元件中，以段 15羊位獨立改變顯示區域色之方法有場序(fidd叫此―； FS)驅動法。 第HKA)®係概略_示可進行^驅動之液晶顯示元 件之内部結構例的分解透視_，而第_)圖係顯示液晶顯 示元件顯示部之平面圖。 2〇 請參照第1〇㈧圖’第圖所示之液晶顯示元件係 第10(B)圖所示者再加上背光同步驅動電路75。 在FS驅動中’多色背光56係依如紅(R)、綠⑹、藍⑻ 的順序重複時間分割發光。背光同步驅動電路75係連接於 如多色背光56與上側及下側透明電極❿、奶之間，使其 8 1358567 __ 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 與多色背光56之發光時點同步地進行液晶單元之切換（使 光穿透/不穿透的ΟΝ/OFF)。 在FS驅動法中，係藉由將影像資料分解成R、G、6各 色資料，再將該各色資料在時間軸上合成(加法混色）來進行 5顯示。藉由將多色背光56的發光切換為肉眼無法分解之高 速’可使肉眼識別該混色影像。 請參照第10(B)圖，液晶顯示元件係在如7段顯示部30 進行顯示。顯示部30係包含有顯示單位（各段)31~37及背景 區域38構成者。各個顯示單位31〜37分別對應地設有可獨立 10 驅動的電極。藉由選擇性地將施加電壓在該等電極上，可 變化對應於電極之液晶層之液晶分子的配向狀態，例如可 顯示「0」〜「9」之各數字。另外，藉由顯示單位32、33、 35及36之亮燈，亦可顯示「1〇」。 在本說明書中，係將如用於顯示各數字之顯示單位稱 15 作顯示區域，而除此之外的顯示單位及背景區域則稱作非 顯示區域。例如，在顯示數字「7」時，顯示區域意指顯示 單位31〜33，而非顯示區域則意指顯示單位34〜37及背景區 域38。 第11圖係顯示使用FS驅動方式之液晶顯示元件之顯示 20控制之一例的時序圖。參照第U圖，說明FS方式之液晶驅 動方法。 在FS驅動法中，如前述，多色背光56係依如r、g、B 的順序重複時間分割發光。R、G、B分別依序發光丨次的期 間為1畫格。1晝格係如16.7ms。1個影像係以畫格單位顯 9 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 示。1畫格最好係如20ms以下（畫格頻率為50Hz以上），以對 R、G、B之光進行加法混色。 1畫格係分割成複數(3個）次畫格(sub-frame ; SB)，而 158係如5.57〇18。 5 請參照「多色背光」段。1個SB係分成發光期間及空白The multi-color backlight 56 is disposed outside the lower polarizing plate 54b, and the multi-color backlight 56 is a backlight that emits light of a plurality of colors, and uses an RGB multi-color LED light source. By applying a voltage applying mechanism between the upper and lower transparent electrodes 52a and 52b, a voltage can be applied to the liquid crystal layer 55 so that the liquid crystal molecules stand in the vertical direction from the horizontal direction, so that the polarization direction of the incident light can be prevented from being affected by the liquid crystal layer. And is blocked by the orthogonal polarizer. When the light emitted from the multi-color backlight 56 and passing through the liquid crystal layer 55 penetrates the upper polarizing plate 54a, it is "bright" by the emitted light color, and is "dark" when it is blocked by the upper polarizing plate 54a. In the white-type liquid crystal display device in which the display portion is black-displayed by "dark" display, the color tone of the non-display area can be arbitrarily changed by using a multi-color backlight which can change the illuminating color of the backlight. Referring to Fig. 8(B), the liquid crystal display element shown in Fig. 8(B) is different from the one shown in Fig. 8(A) in that the upper and lower color polarizing plates 54c and 54d are used instead. The upper and lower polarizing plates 54a, 54b and the white backlight 57 are used instead of the multicolor backlight. The white backlight 57 is constructed using, for example, a cold cathode fluorescent tube (c〇ld cathode 1358567, No. 95137884, application No. 100.8.23, correction - _ fluorescent lamp; CCFL). There are also those who use an inorganic white LED (Hght emitting diode) or an organic white LED. Further, the upper and lower color polarizing plates 54c and 54d are arranged in a state of orthogonal polarization. 5 Although the upper and lower polarizing plates 54a and 54b of the eighth (A) drawing are polarizing plates of a light gray tone, the upper and lower color polarizing plates 54c and 54d of the eighth (B) drawing are dyed by a dye. Color polarizer. By passing the light emitted from the white backlight 57 through the upper and lower color polarizing plates 54c and 54d, the background color can be set to the color determined by the upper and lower color polarizing plates 54c and 54d. 10 Referring to Fig. 8(C), the liquid crystal display element shown in Fig. 8(C) is different from the one shown in Fig. 8(B) in that the upper polarizing plate 5 is interposed between the upper substrate 50a and the upper substrate 50a. There is a phase difference plate 58. Further, by inserting the phase difference plate 58, the color tone of the non-display area can be adjusted. The color tone adjustment of the non-display area can be performed by the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, the adjustment of the degree of twist of the liquid crystal molecules 15, the combination of the polarizing plate and the phase difference plate, and the like. Further, in the liquid crystal display element shown in Figs. 8(B) and (C), the color of the non-display area cannot be changed after the completion of the element. The ninth (A) and (B) drawings schematically show an exploded perspective view showing an example of the internal structure of the liquid crystal display element in which the color of the dot or the segment can be adjusted. 20, referring to Fig. 9(A), the liquid crystal display element shown in Fig. 9(A) differs from the one shown in Fig. 8(A) in that the upper and lower substrates 5〇&, 5〇 An area filter (6) and a black film 59 are disposed between b, and a white backlight 57 is used instead of the multi-color backlight 56. The area color film 60 includes, for example, a red portion 6〇r, a green portion 6〇g, a blue 7th 95137884 application 1〇〇8_23 correction replacement color 卩 60b, and a white portion 6〇w. In the liquid crystal display element shown in the figure, the complex color region (each color portion 6〇r ' g, b, w) of the light-transmitting region color filter 6 发出 emitted by the white backlight 57 can display plural colors. . Black film 59 covers the boundaries of the color regions to improve contrast or color purity. 4, the liquid crystal display element shown in Fig. 9(B) of Fig. 9(B) is different from that of Fig. 8(A), except that the upper and lower polarizing plates 54a to 54b are arranged in parallel polarization. . In addition, when the light emitted from the multi-color backlight 56 is polarized on the lower polarizing plate 54b and rotated in the direction of the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules when the voltage 纟 is applied, it is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the upper polarizing plate 54a. Occlusion. That is, the liquid crystal display element shown in the figure is a black matrix type liquid crystal display element using a multicolor backlight. The complex color display can be performed by the illuminating color when a voltage is applied. As is well known, in a liquid crystal display element such as a segment display, the method of independently changing the color of the display area by the segment 15 has a field order (fidd called "FS"). The HKA)® outline shows an exploded perspective _ of the internal structure example of the liquid crystal display element that can be driven, and the _) figure shows a plan view of the display portion of the liquid crystal display element. 2〇 Please refer to the backlight display drive circuit 75 as shown in the figure 10(B) of the liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 1(8). In the FS drive, the multicolor backlight 56 repeats the time division illumination in the order of red (R), green (6), and blue (8). The backlight synchronous driving circuit 75 is connected between the multi-color backlight 56 and the upper and lower transparent electrodes 奶, milk, so that the 8 1358567 __ 95137884 application 100.8.23 correction replacement and the multi-color backlight 56 light-emitting point synchronization Switching of the liquid crystal cell (ΟΝ/OFF of light penetration/non-penetration) is performed. In the FS driving method, the image data is decomposed into R, G, and 6 color data, and the color data is synthesized on the time axis (additional color mixing) to perform 5 display. The color-mixed image can be visually recognized by switching the light emission of the multi-color backlight 56 to a high speed which cannot be decomposed by the naked eye. Referring to Fig. 10(B), the liquid crystal display element is displayed on the display unit 30 as shown in the seven stages. The display unit 30 includes a display unit (each segment) 31 to 37 and a background region 38. Each of the display units 31 to 37 is provided with an electrode that can be independently driven by 10, respectively. By selectively applying an applied voltage to the electrodes, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the liquid crystal layer of the electrode can be changed, for example, numbers of "0" to "9" can be displayed. In addition, "1" can also be displayed by the illumination of the display units 32, 33, 35 and 36. In the present specification, a display unit such as a display unit for displaying each number is referred to as a display area, and other display units and background areas are referred to as non-display areas. For example, when the number "7" is displayed, the display area means display units 31 to 33, and the non-display area means display units 34 to 37 and the background area 38. Fig. 11 is a timing chart showing an example of the display 20 control of the liquid crystal display element using the FS driving method. Referring to Fig. U, a liquid crystal driving method of the FS method will be described. In the FS driving method, as described above, the multi-color backlight 56 repeats time-division illumination in the order of r, g, and B. The periods in which R, G, and B are sequentially illuminated are 1 frame. 1 昼 is like 16.7ms. 1 image is displayed in frame unit 9 1358567 No. 95137884 application 100.8.23 correction replacement. The 1 frame is preferably 20ms or less (the frame frequency is 50Hz or more) to add and mix the light of R, G, and B. 1 is divided into plural (3) sub-frames (SB), and 158 is 5.57〇18. 5 Please refer to the “Multicolor Backlight” section. 1 SB system is divided into lighting period and blank
期間’且在SB(SB1〜SB3)各自的發光期間可進行R、G、B 中之任1個發光。在第11圖所示之時序圖中，係於sm、SB2 及SB3之各發光期間分別進行r、g、及B之發光。 在液晶顯示元件中，液晶層對施加電壓回應所需之時 10間’較切換多色背光之發光色所需之時間長。而空白期間 係指所有色光都不發光的期間’且係液晶層之液晶分子之 配向狀態由於所施加之電壓而變化至某種程度所需之時 間。 請參照「顯示單位31」段。以下使用之「顯示單位31」、 15 「顯示單位32」等表記係表示第9(B)圖所示之各顯示單位 者。另外，在本圖中，驅動時序圖之顯示單位行中之「〇N」 係指顯示液晶顯示元件處於透光狀態，而「〇FF」則指顯 示液晶顯示元件處於不透光狀態。 顯示單位31在SB1及SB2透光。因此，觀察者可識別r 20 與G混色之黃(γ)。 一凊參照「顯示單位32」段。顯示單位32在SB1及SB3透 光。因此’觀察者可識別j^B混色之品紅⑽。 请參照「顯*單位37」段。顯示單位37在SB2透光。因 此’觀察者可識別G » 10 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 但 部八脫^纟視線從藉由2色以上之以加法混色所得之顯示 時、或在液晶_元件上加上振動時等，通常會 觀察峨察者的眼睛所無法識別之各SB影像分離的現 心理之影響亦不甚理 ++ P所明的色77離現象。而色分離現象在周圍暗時尤為 顯著。色分離現象的產生帶給觀察者n 想0 、因此本發明人藉*於每-SB形核需色光並使其發 光，且使於某-SB為透光狀態之顯示單位在另一SB為遮光 狀態，來防止色分離現象之液晶顯示元件之驅動方法。（例 10如，參照專利文獻1) 第12圖係用以說明前述申請案之液晶驅動方法的時序 圖。 4參照「多色背光」段。在圖示之1晝格中，SB丨係藉 由複數色光源同時亮燈而射出白光，而SB2則係撥光，且 15 SB3係射出由單一光源所發出之藍光。又，本圖中，在5.57ms 之1 SB期間内，將空白期間設為3ms。 請參照「顯示單位31」段。在顯示單位31中，只有SB 1 為透光狀態。因此，可顯示白色。 請參照「顯示單位32」段。在顯示單位32中，所有SB 20皆為遮光狀態。因此，顯示色為黑色。 請參照「顯示單位37」段。在顯示單位37中，只有SB2 為透光狀態。因此，可顯示橙色。 根據專利文獻1之液晶顯示元件之驅動方法，可於每一 畫格改變多色背光的亮燈色’故可達到多樣化色顯示。 11 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 但是，在前述技術中，顯示區域與非顯示區域係分別 個別獨立，且不易在製造液晶顯示元件後控制成任意色 調。若為使用微;慮色片之滿點矩陣(full d〇t matrix)液晶顯示 兀件，外觀上看來雖可實質地獨立進行非顯示區域與顯示 區域的色調整，但使用微濾色片會使成本提高。 特別是段型或段與點之複合型液晶顯示元件，為求低 成本，最好是不使用微濾色片等濾色片（例如，參照專利文 獻2)。 10 另外，FS驅動中之液晶層的光學回應最好是在 内結束。在使用設有光學回應慢之液晶層之液晶顯示元件 進行FS驅動時，會有不易得到所欲實現之顯示色的情形。 特別是，在如大佔空比(duty)之點矩陣顯示元件進行^矩陣 驅動時，通常係使用回應速度慢之液晶動作H(如STN模 式等），故大多難以實現所欲實現之顯示狀態。 、 15 【專利文獻1】特開2005-070440號公報 【專利文獻2】特開昭49-074438號公報 【發明内容】 發明揭示 發明所欲解決之問題 本發明之目的在於提供可達到多樣化色顯示之液晶顯 示元件及其驅動方法。 · 用以解決問題之手段 根據本發明之一觀點，可提供—種液晶顯示元件，且 該液晶顯示元件包含有：第1基板，係設有預定形狀之第丄 12 丄JJOJO / 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 2者；第2基板，係配置成與前述第1基板大略平行，且 2預定雜之第2電極，並謂述flt極與前述第2電極 相對之位置係劃定為可進杆 ^ 浥订顯不之包含第1及第2顯示單位 的複數顯示單位，而非前述第1電極與前述第2電極相對之 定為f景_者；液晶層’魏置於前述第i基板 與前述第2基板之間，且可藉由在前述第1電極與前述第2電 極之=施加電壓’來切換配向狀態者；幻偏光板，係配置 在與别述帛1基板之前述液晶層所配置之助反之側者；第 1光源’係配置在與前述第丨偏光板之前述第丨基板所配置之 10 15 側相反之側者；穿透、反射板，係配置在與前述第2基板之 前述液晶層所配置之側相反之側，且可依照偏光狀態使入 射光穿透、或反射者；第2偏光板，係配置在與前述穿透、 反射板之前述第2基板所配置之側相反之側者；第2光源， 係配置在與前述第2偏光板之前述穿透、反射板所配置之側 相反之側’且設有可以射出之光分別進行前述第1及第2顯 示單位之顯示的第丨及第2射出口者；施加電壓機構，係可 在前述第1電極與前述第2電極之間施加電壓者；及控制電 路，係在以顯示1個影像之期間為1畫格時，可將前述1畫格 時間分割成複數次畫格，使前述第1或第2光源在各前述次 20畫格内發光者，又，前述穿透、反射板可反射穿透前述第1 偏光板及電壓未施加時之前述液晶層之偏光狀態的光，且 可供穿透前述第2偏光板之偏光狀態的光穿透，而穿透前述 第2偏光板、前述穿透、反射板及電壓未施加時之前述液晶 層之光係被前述第1偏光板遮擋且由剛述第2光源射出之 13 1358567 第95137884號申請案100·8.23修正替換 光，且該液晶顯示元件相對於由前述第2光源射出之光為黑 底型者。 根據本發明之另一觀點，可提供一種液晶顯示元件之 驅動方法’且該液晶顯示元件包含有：第1基板係設有預 5疋形狀之第1電極者；第2基板，係配置成與前述第1基板大 略平行，且設有預定形狀之第2電極，並且前述第1電極與 前述第2電極相對之位置係劃定為可進行顯示之包含第丨及 第2顯示單位的複數顯示單位，而非前述第丨電極與前述第2 電極相對之位置則劃定為背景區域者；液晶層，係配置於 1〇前述第1基板與前述第2基板之間，且可藉由在前述第1電極 與前述第2電極之間施加電壓，來切換配向狀態者；第1偏 光板’係配置在與前述第1基板之前述液晶層所配置之側相 反之側者；第1光源，係配置在與前述第1偏光板之前述第1 基板所配置之側相反之側者；穿透、反射板，係配置在與 15則述第2基板之前述液晶層所配置之側相反之側，且可依照 偏光狀態使入射光穿透、或反射者；第2偏光板，係配置在 與前述穿透、反射板之前述第2基板所配置之側相反之側 者；第2光源’係配置在與前述第2偏光板之前述穿透、反 射板所配置之側相反之側，且設有可用射出之光分別進行 20前述第1及第2顯示單位之顯示的第1及第2射出口者；施加 電壓機構，係可在前述第1電極與前述第2電極之間施加電 壓者；及控制電路，係在以顯示丨個影像之期間為1畫格時’ 可將前述1畫格時間分割成複數次畫格，使前述第1或第2光 源在各前述次畫格内發光者，又，前述穿透、反射板可反 14 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 射穿透前述第1偏光板及電壓未施加時之前述液晶層之偏 光狀態的光，且可供穿透前述第2偏光板之偏光狀態的光穿 透，而穿透前述第2偏光板、前述穿透、反射板及電壓未施 加時之前述液晶層之光係被前述第1偏光板遮擋且由前述 5 第2光源射出之光，且該液晶顯示元件相對於由前述第2光 源射出之光為黑底型者，而該驅動方法包含有：利用由前 述第1光源射出之光在其中一前述次畫格進行顯示的步驟； 利用由前述第2光源射出之光在另一前述次畫格進行顯示 的步驟；及利用由前述第1或第2光源射出之光在前述1畫格 10 中之頂多1個前述次畫格進行各個前述顯示單位之顯示。 發明效果 根據本發明，可提供可達到多樣化色顯示之液晶顯示 元件及其驅動方法。 【實施方式】 15 實施發明之最佳形態 本發明者已在特願2006-005156號中申請可達到多樣 化色顯示之新構造液晶顯示元件（特願2006-005156號，發明 之詳細說明[0028]段〜[0116]段）。本發明係更深考察該申請 案之發明者。 20 另外，本發明人在特願2004-118870號中也申請新結構 之液晶顯示裝置及其顯示方法（特願2004-118870號，發明揭 示[0010]段〜[0042]段）。 利用第1(A)〜(C)圖簡單說明特願2004-118870號之液晶 顯示裝置。 15 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 第1(A)圖係顯示液晶顯示裝置之顯示部。顯示部包含 有如段部（「STANLEY R&D」）與點部（在本圖中為以配置 成行列狀之四方形表示的部分）。根據該液晶顯示裝置，在 以「STANLEY」、「R&D」或點部進行文字顯示時，可以文 5 字單位變化色調。 例如顯示段部「STANLEY」及「R&D」。然後，在點 部從左開始依序以5行4列之20點顯示1個文字，在點部全體 顯示文字「L」、「C」、「D」。顯示色如「STANLEY」和「L」 為紅，「C」為藍，而「R&D」和「D」為黃。在本圖中， 10 有色區域係賦予斜線表示。 第1(B)圖係概略地顯示液晶顯示裝置之内部結構例的 分解透視圖。 本圖之液晶顯示裝置的結構包含有顯示用液晶單元76 及區域分割用液晶單元77。兩單元76、77係配置成顯示用 液晶單元76在上側，而區域分割用液晶單元77在下側。 兩單元76、77同時包含有相對配置成大略平行的上側 基板50a及下側基板5〇b、及被挾持於其間之液晶層55 » 兩單元76、77雙方之上側基板50a及下側基板50b設有 如平板玻璃基板(上側及下側玻璃基板5la、51b)'在該等平 20 板玻璃基板相對面上以ITO等透明導電材形成且具有預定 圖案之電極(上側及下侧透明電極52a、52b)、及覆於各電極 上形成之配向膜（上侧及下側配向膜53a、53b)。 另外，液晶層55係由如正型介電係數異向性(Δε>〇)向 列液晶所形成之扭轉向列液晶層，且藉由上側及下側配向 16 1358567 ___ 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 膜53a、53b之摩擦方向所定之扭轉角係如9〇β。 上側透明電極52a與下側透明電極52b之間連接有可在 兩電極52a、52b間施加任意電壓之施加電壓機構68。藉由 以施加電星機構68在兩電極52a、52b間施加之電愿，可改 5變兩電極52a、52b間之液晶層55之液晶分子的配向狀態。 顯不用液晶單元76與區域分割用液晶單元77的電極形 狀不同。顯示用液晶單元76之電極具有對應如第1圖所示之 點部及段部的形狀。而區域分割用液晶單元77的電極則參 照下一圖說明β 1〇 顯不用液晶單元76之上側基板50a外側配置有上側偏 光板54a，而區域分割用液晶單元77之下側基板5〇b外側則 配置有下侧偏光板54b。又兩單元76、77間配置有中央偏光 板541。該等偏光板54a、54b、54i分別在面向内方向具有穿 透軸’只供於穿透軸方向偏光之光穿透。圖中以箭頭顯示 15穿透軸方向。 由顯示用液晶單元76、上側偏光板54a、中央偏光板54i 構成之部分，及由區域分割用液晶單元77、下側偏光板 5牝、中央偏光板54i構成之部分，例如，係同時為黑底型 液晶元件。In the period ’, the light emission of each of R, G, and B can be performed in the respective light-emitting periods of SB (SB1 to SB3). In the timing chart shown in Fig. 11, the light emission of r, g, and B is performed for each of the light-emitting periods of sm, SB2, and SB3. In the liquid crystal display device, the time required for the liquid crystal layer to respond to the application of the voltage is longer than the time required to switch the luminescent color of the multicolor backlight. The blank period refers to a period in which all of the colored light does not emit light and the time required for the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer to change to some extent due to the applied voltage. Please refer to the paragraph "Display Unit 31". The following "display unit 31", 15 "display unit 32" and the like are used to indicate each display unit shown in Fig. 9(B). Further, in the figure, "〇N" in the display unit row of the driving timing chart means that the liquid crystal display element is in a light transmitting state, and "〇FF" means that the liquid crystal display element is in an opaque state. The display unit 31 transmits light in SB1 and SB2. Therefore, the observer can recognize the yellow (γ) of the mixed color of r 20 and G. Refer to the "Display Unit 32" section at a glance. Display unit 32 is transparent to SB1 and SB3. Therefore, the observer can recognize the magenta (10) of the j^B color mixture. Please refer to the paragraph "Display * Unit 37". The display unit 37 transmits light in the SB2. Therefore, 'observer can recognize G » 10 No. 95137884 application 100.8.23 correction replacement but part of the 脱 纟 line of sight from the display of 2 colors or more by additive color mixing, or adding vibration to the liquid crystal_component At the same time, it is usually observed that the influence of the existing psychology of the separation of the SB images that cannot be recognized by the observer's eyes is not reasonable. The color separation phenomenon is particularly noticeable when the surroundings are dark. The generation of the color separation phenomenon brings the observer n to 0. Therefore, the inventor borrows the color light from each of the SB nucleus and causes it to emit light, and the display unit in which the certain SB is in the light transmitting state is in the other SB. A light-shielding state to drive a liquid crystal display element to prevent color separation. (Example 10, for example, refer to Patent Document 1) Fig. 12 is a timing chart for explaining the liquid crystal driving method of the above application. 4 Refer to the "Multicolor Backlight" section. In the first frame of the figure, the SB system emits white light by simultaneously turning on a plurality of color light sources, while the SB2 emits light, and the 15 SB3 emits blue light emitted by a single light source. Further, in the figure, the blank period is set to 3 ms in the 1 SB period of 5.57 ms. Please refer to the paragraph "Display Unit 31". In the display unit 31, only SB 1 is in a light transmitting state. Therefore, white can be displayed. Please refer to the "Display Unit 32" section. In display unit 32, all SBs 20 are in a light blocking state. Therefore, the display color is black. Please refer to the paragraph "Display Unit 37". In the display unit 37, only SB2 is in a light transmitting state. Therefore, orange can be displayed. According to the driving method of the liquid crystal display element of Patent Document 1, the lighting color of the multicolor backlight can be changed in each of the frames, so that the diversified color display can be achieved. 11 1358567 Application No. 95137884 100.8.23 Correction Replacement However, in the above technique, the display area and the non-display area are individually independent, and are not easily controlled to an arbitrary color tone after the liquid crystal display element is manufactured. If the micro-dot matrix is used, the color of the non-display area and the display area can be substantially independently adjusted, but the micro-filter is used. Will increase the cost. In particular, a segment type or a segment-and-dot composite liquid crystal display element is preferably a color filter such as a micro-filter (see, for example, Patent Document 2) for low cost. 10 In addition, the optical response of the liquid crystal layer in the FS drive is preferably terminated internally. When the FS drive is performed using a liquid crystal display element having a liquid crystal layer having a slow optical response, it is difficult to obtain a desired display color. In particular, when a matrix display device such as a large duty ratio is used for matrix driving, a liquid crystal operation H (such as an STN mode) having a slow response speed is usually used, so that it is difficult to realize a desired display state. . [Patent Document 1] JP-A-2005-070440 (Patent Document 2) JP-A-49-074438 SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problem The object of the present invention is to provide a variety of colors. Display liquid crystal display element and its driving method. Means for Solving the Problem According to one aspect of the present invention, a liquid crystal display element can be provided, and the liquid crystal display element includes: a first substrate, which is provided with a predetermined shape, No. 12 丄JJOJO / No. 95137884 In the case of 100.8.23, the second substrate is arranged to be substantially parallel to the first substrate, and the second electrode is arranged to be second, and the position of the flt pole opposite to the second electrode is defined as The plurality of display units including the first and second display units are not displayed, and the first electrode and the second electrode are opposite to each other; the liquid crystal layer is placed in the foregoing Between the i-substrate and the second substrate, the alignment state can be switched by the voltage applied to the first electrode and the second electrode. The sinusoidal polarizing plate is disposed on the substrate of the 帛1 substrate. The liquid crystal layer is disposed on the side opposite to the 10 15 side of the second substrate disposed on the second polarizing plate; the penetrating and reflecting plate is disposed in the foregoing The side of the second substrate on which the liquid crystal layer is disposed On the opposite side, the incident light may be transmitted or reflected in accordance with the polarized state; the second polarizing plate is disposed on the side opposite to the side on which the second substrate of the penetrating and reflecting plate is disposed; the second light source And arranged on the side opposite to the side of the second polarizing plate on which the penetrating and reflecting plates are disposed, and provided with the light that can be emitted to perform the display of the first and second display units, respectively. An emitter; a voltage applying means for applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a control circuit for drawing the first image during a period in which one image is displayed The time division is divided into a plurality of frames, and the first or second light source is illuminated in each of the second 20 frames, and the penetration and reflection plates are reflectively reflected through the first polarizing plate and the voltage is not applied. The light in the polarized state of the liquid crystal layer penetrates the light in a state of being polarized by the second polarizing plate, and penetrates the second polarizing plate, the penetration, the reflecting plate, and the voltage are not applied. The light system of the liquid crystal layer is blocked by the first polarizing plate Further, the replacement light is corrected by the application of the first light source, 13 1358567, No. 95,137, 884, and 8.823, and the liquid crystal display element is a black matrix type with respect to the light emitted from the second light source. According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of driving a liquid crystal display element can be provided, and the liquid crystal display element includes: a first substrate is provided with a first electrode having a pre-shaped shape; and a second substrate is configured to be The first substrate is substantially parallel and has a second electrode of a predetermined shape, and the position of the first electrode facing the second electrode is defined as a plurality of display units including the second and second display units that can be displayed. a position in which the position of the second electrode opposite to the second electrode is defined as a background region; and a liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and A voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode to switch the alignment state; the first polarizing plate is disposed on the side opposite to the side on which the liquid crystal layer of the first substrate is disposed; and the first light source is disposed a side opposite to the side on which the first substrate of the first polarizing plate is disposed; the penetrating and reflecting plate is disposed on a side opposite to the side on which the liquid crystal layer of the second substrate of the second substrate is disposed, and Polarized The incident light is transmitted or reflected; the second polarizing plate is disposed on the side opposite to the side on which the second substrate of the penetrating and reflecting plate is disposed; and the second light source is disposed in the second a side of the polarizing plate that penetrates the side opposite to the side on which the reflecting plate is disposed, and is provided with first and second emitters that can display the first and second display units by the emitted light, respectively; The voltage can be applied between the first electrode and the second electrode; and the control circuit can divide the first frame time into a plurality of times when the period of displaying the image is one frame. a grating for causing the first or second light source to emit light in each of the sub-frames, and the penetrating and reflecting plate can be reversed. 14 1358567 Patent No. 95137884, No. 95.8.23, the replacement lens penetrates the first polarizing plate. And a light in a polarized state of the liquid crystal layer when the voltage is not applied, and the light that can penetrate the polarized state of the second polarizing plate penetrates, penetrates the second polarizing plate, the penetrating, reflecting plate, and voltage The light system of the aforementioned liquid crystal layer when not applied is as described above The first polarizer blocks the light emitted from the five second light sources, and the liquid crystal display element is a black matrix type with respect to the light emitted from the second light source, and the driving method includes using the first light source a step of displaying the emitted light in one of the previous frames; a step of displaying the light emitted by the second light source in another of the secondary frames; and using the light emitted by the first or second light source At least one of the aforementioned sub-frames in the first frame 10 is displayed for each of the display units. EFFECT OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a liquid crystal display element capable of achieving a variety of color display and a method of driving the same can be provided. EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have applied for a novel structure liquid crystal display element capable of achieving a variety of color display in Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-005156 (Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-005156, Detailed Description of the Invention [0028] Section ~ [0116] paragraph). The present invention is a further examination of the inventors of this application. In addition, the inventors of the present invention have also applied to a liquid crystal display device of a new structure and a display method thereof in Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-118870 (Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-118870, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. A liquid crystal display device of Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-118870 will be briefly described using the first (A) to (C) drawings. 15 1358567 Application No. 95137884 100.8.23 Correction Replacement FIG. 1(A) shows a display portion of a liquid crystal display device. The display unit includes, for example, a segment ("STANLEY R&D") and a dot portion (in the figure, a portion indicated by a square arranged in a matrix). According to this liquid crystal display device, when characters are displayed by "STANLEY", "R&D" or a dot, the color tone can be changed in units of 5 characters. For example, the segment "STANLEY" and "R&D" are displayed. Then, at the point, the characters are displayed in the order of 20 points in 5 rows and 4 columns, and the characters "L", "C", and "D" are displayed in the entire point. The display colors such as "STANLEY" and "L" are red, "C" is blue, and "R&D" and "D" are yellow. In this figure, the 10 colored areas are indicated by diagonal lines. The first (B) diagram schematically shows an exploded perspective view of an internal configuration example of the liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device of the figure includes a display liquid crystal cell 76 and a region dividing liquid crystal cell 77. The two units 76, 77 are arranged such that the display liquid crystal cell 76 is on the upper side, and the area dividing liquid crystal unit 77 is on the lower side. The two units 76 and 77 simultaneously include an upper substrate 50a and a lower substrate 5〇b which are disposed substantially parallel to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 55 between the two units 76 and 77, and the upper substrate 50a and the lower substrate 50b. Electrodes (upper and lower transparent electrodes 52a, which are formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or the like on the opposite surfaces of the flat glass substrates, and having a predetermined pattern, are provided on the flat glass substrates (upper and lower glass substrates 51a, 51b), 52b) and an alignment film (upper and lower alignment films 53a and 53b) formed on each of the electrodes. Further, the liquid crystal layer 55 is a twisted nematic liquid crystal layer formed of a positive dielectric constant anisotropy (Δε > 〇) nematic liquid crystal, and is aligned by the upper side and the lower side 16 1358567 ___ No. 95137884 application 100.8 .23 Correcting the twist angle of the replacement film 53a, 53b is such that the twist angle is 9 〇 β. An applied voltage means 68 for applying an arbitrary voltage between the electrodes 52a, 52b is connected between the upper transparent electrode 52a and the lower transparent electrode 52b. By the application of the electric star mechanism 68 between the electrodes 52a, 52b, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 55 between the electrodes 52a, 52b can be changed. The liquid crystal cell 76 is different from the electrode shape of the area dividing liquid crystal cell 77. The electrode of the liquid crystal cell 76 for display has a shape corresponding to the dot portion and the segment portion as shown in Fig. 1. On the other hand, the electrode of the liquid crystal cell 77 for the area division is described with reference to the next figure. The upper side polarizing plate 54a is disposed outside the upper substrate 50a of the liquid crystal cell 76, and the outer side of the lower substrate 5b of the liquid crystal cell 77 for area division. Then, the lower polarizing plate 54b is disposed. Further, a central polarizing plate 541 is disposed between the two units 76 and 77. The polarizing plates 54a, 54b, 54i respectively have a penetrating axis in the inward direction and are only transmitted by light which is polarized in the direction of the penetrating axis. The direction of the penetrating axis is shown by an arrow in the figure. The portion including the display liquid crystal cell 76, the upper polarizing plate 54a, and the center polarizing plate 54i, and the portion including the region dividing liquid crystal cell 77, the lower polarizing plate 5A, and the center polarizing plate 54i are, for example, black at the same time. A bottom type liquid crystal element.
2 Q 多色背光56係配置於下側偏光板5413外側，且該多色背 光56係可選擇性地射出複數色之光源，例如在側方具有 RGB多色LED光源，可將所入射之光朝液晶層照射。色光 源可使用有機LED、無機LED、CCFL、FE燈等構成。射出 光色的變化可以使用複數發光色不同之單色光源的結構實 17 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 現，亦可以使用可變化發光色之單一光源的結構實現。 多色背光56與區域分割用液晶單元77之施加電壓機構 68之間連接有同步電路78。同步電路78可使多色背光56的 壳熄燈與對區域分割用液晶單元77之兩電極52a、52b之施 加電壓（改變液晶層5 5之液晶分子的配向狀態）同步進行。 參照第1(C)圖，說明第1(B)圖所示之液晶顯示裝置的動 作°使用如將1畫格分成SB1〜SB3之3個SB之FS驅動法進行 驅動。 10 由多色背光56可在SB卜SB2、SB3分別射出紅、藍、 K光°而射出之光會變成於下側偏光板54b具偏光方向之偏 光’入射㊉區域分割用液晶單元77。 區域分割用液晶單元77可將所入射之來自多色背光56 之光劃分成每—由電極形狀劃定在上側基板50a之預定區 域(在第1(C)®中之區域81〜8S之5個區域)射出。即 ，區域分 15 割用液晶單兀77之電極形狀，係對應區域8卜85的形狀形 成。 區域81係在第丨(a)圖所示之點部中對應位於左側之5 行4列的區域°藉由射出區域81之光可顯示文字「L」。 區域82係在第1 (A)圖所示之點部中對應位於中央之5 行4列的區域。藉由射出區域82之光可顯示文字「C」。 區域83係在第i(A)圖所示之點部中對應位於右側之5 行4列的區域。藉由射出區域83之光可顯示文字「〇」。 區域84係在第i(A)圖所示之段部中對應文字列 「STANLEY」的區域。藉由射出區域84之光可顯示該文字 18 1358567 _ 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 列。 區域85係在第1(A)圖所示之段部中對應文字列「r&d」 的區域。藉由射出區域85之光可顯示該文字列。 在顯示用液晶單元76對應顯示「STANLEY」及「R&D」 5之段部、點部左側、中央、右側之各5行4列的電極52a、52b 之中’在SB1〜SB3分別施加電壓於顯示文字rL」、rc」、「D」 的電極52a、52b間。 在SB1中，係施加電壓於對應區域分割用液晶單元77 之區域81及84的電極52a、52b。因此，射出多色背光56之 10紅色光之中，只有射出區域81及84之光會保持下側偏光板 54b所定之偏光狀態，穿透中央偏光板54i。 在穿透中央偏光板54i之中’在顯示用液晶單元76對應 顯示「STANLEY」之段部、及點部左側之各5行4列的電極 52a、52b之中’只有穿透對應顯示文字「[」之電極52a、 15 521)之液晶層55的光（顯示文字「STANLEY」及「L」的紅 色光）會以原本的偏光狀態穿透上側偏光板54a到達觀察者 的眼睛。 在SB2t，如前述，係由多色背光56射出藍色光，且施 加電壓於對應區域分割用液晶單元7 7之區域8 3及8 5的電極 2〇 52a、52b。在顯示用液晶單元76對應顯示「r&d」之段部、 及點部右侧之各5行4列的電極52a、52b之中，因施加電壓 於顯示文字「D」之電極52a、52b間，故只有顯示文字「R&D」 及「D」的藍色光會穿透上側偏光板54a到達觀察者的眼睛。 在SB3中，如前述，係由多色背光56射出黃色光，且施 19 1358567 _ 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 加電壓於對應區域分割用液晶單元77之區域82的電極 52a、52b間。在顯示用液晶單元76對應顯示及點部中央之 各5行4列的電極52a'52b之中，因施加電壓於顯示文字「C」 之電極52a、52b間，故只有顯示文字「C」的黃色光會穿透 5 上側偏光板54a到達觀察者的眼睛。 如此’當使用特願2004-118870號之液晶顯示裝置，以 如段部或點部進行文字顯示時，可以文字單位變化色調。 利用第2(A)〜(C)圖概略說明參照第3圖〜第7圖詳細說 明之實施例的液晶顯示元件。 10 參照第2(A)圖。液晶顯示元件的結構包含有顯示用液 晶單元76及區域分割用液晶單元77。兩單元76、77係配置 成顯示用液晶單元76在上側，而區域分割用液晶單元77在 下側。 兩單元76、77同時包含有相對配置成大略平行的上側 15 基板50a及下側基板50b、及被挾持於其間之液晶層55。 上側基板50a及下側基板50b設有如平板玻璃基板（上 側及下側玻璃基板51a、51b)、在該等平板玻璃基板相對面 上以ITO等透明導電材形成且具有預定圖案之電極（上側及 下側透明電極52a、52b)、及覆於各電極上形成之配向膜（上 20 側及下側配向膜53a、53b)。 上側透明電極52a與下側透明電極52b之間連接有可在 兩電極52a、52b間施加任意電壓之施加電壓機構68。藉由 以施加電壓機構68在兩電極52a、52b間施加之電壓，可改 變兩電極52a、52b間之液晶層55之液晶分子的配向狀態。 20 1358567 ^____ 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 顯不用液晶單元76與區域分割用液晶單元77的電極形 狀不同。關於這一點會參照第2(B)及(c)圖說明。 顯不用液晶單元7 6之上側基板5 〇 a外側配置有上側偏 光板54a，而區域分割用液晶單元77之下側基板50b外側則 5配置有下侧偏光板5仆。又，顯示用液晶單元76之下側基板 5〇b外側配置有偏光分離穿透、反射板67，且偏光分離穿 透、反射板67與區域分割用液晶單元77之上側基板5〇a之間 配置有中央偏光板54i。 上側偏光板54a、下側偏光板54b、中央偏光板54i係如 10直線偏光板、圓偏光板、或橢圓偏光板。該等偏光板54a、 54b、54ι分別在面向内方向具有穿透軸，只供於穿透軸方 向偏光之光穿透。當該等偏光板為圓偏光板、橢圓偏光板 ' 時，内側還設有相位差板。 偏光分離穿透、反射板67可依照其偏光狀態穿透或反 15射入射光。偏光分離穿透、反射板67玎使用如用於(股)3M 製D-BEF(brightness enhane film)或（股）日東電工製增亮膜 PCF(polarization conversion film)等之寬帶膽固醇液晶膜 (broadband cholesteric film) ° • 顯示用液晶單元76與區域分割用液晶單元77皆在上側 • 20 透明電極52a與下側透明電極52b之間連接有可在兩電極 52a、52b間施加任意電壓之施加電壓機構68。藉由以施加 電壓機構68在兩電極52a、52b間施加之電壓，可改變兩電 極52a、52b間之液晶層55之液晶分子的配向狀態。 多色前光66及多色背光56係分別配置於上側偏光板 21 丄现567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 54a '下側偏光板5415外側。多色前光66及多色背光％係可 選擇性地射出複數色之光源，例如在側方具有RGB多色 LED光源，可將所入射之光朝液晶層照射。色光源可使用 有機LED'無機LED、CCFL、FE燈等構成。射出光色的變 化可以使用複數發光色不同之單色光源的結構實現亦可 X使用可變化發光色之單-光源的結構實現。多色前光66 可使來自液晶層之光穿透。 多色背光56可控制點、段等顯示區域的顯示，而多色 者光56則可用於實現非顯示區域的顯示。 同步電路78係用以同步進行多色背光56的亮熄燈多 色引光66的免熄燈、及兩單元76、77之液晶層55的切換（液 刀子配向狀態的變化 '透光狀態與遮光狀態、的切換）的電 路，且該電路可將1畫格時間分割成複數次畫格，使多色前 光66或多色背光56在各次畫格内發光並與該發光同步地 15進行兩單元76、77之液晶層55的切換。 由顯不用液晶單元76 ’上側及中央基板50a、5〇i，及 偏光分離穿透、反射板67構成之部分相對於由多色背光56 發出之光為黑底型液晶單元。χ，由區域分割用液晶單元 77’中央及下側偏光板54a、54i構成之部分相對於由多色背 20光56發出之光為黑底型或白底型液晶單元。 第2(B)圖係顯示液晶顯示元件顯示部之平面圖。可利 用顯示用液晶單元76之上側透明電極52a與下側透明電極 52b在上側基板50a側劃定顯示部（可進行顯示之單數或複 數顯示單位及背景區域）》顯示部包含有顯示單位之點 22 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 88a〜88u和段89、及背景區域90。各個點88a〜88u和段89分 別對應設有可獨立驅動之電極’且藉由選擇性地將施加電 壓於該等電極上’可改變電極對應之液晶層55之液晶分子 的配向狀態，進行各式各樣的顯示。 5 顯示單位係對應劃定在顯示用液晶單元76之上側透明 電極52a與下側透明電極52b相對之位置，而背景區域則對 應劃定在非顯示用液晶單元76之上側透明電極52a與下側 透明電極52b相對之位置。 第2(C)圖係顯示劃定在區域分割用液晶單元77之上側 10 基板50a之區域平面圖。 區域分割用液晶單元77可將所入射之來自多色背光56 之光劃分成每一由電極形狀劃定之預定區域(在第2(C)圖中 之區域86、87之2個區域）射出。區域86及87的形狀係對應 區域分割用液晶單元77之電極形狀’劃定在區域分割用液 15晶單元77之上側透明電極52a與下側透明電極52b相對之位 置。 在此種液晶顯示元件中’藉由控制多色前光66及多色 背光56的發光色，可以不同色調個別獨立顯示顯示區域與 非顯示區域。 20 以下，說明液晶顯示元件之具體結構及動作。在第3 圖〜第5圖所示之液晶顯禾元件中’係使用（股)3M製D-BEF 作為第2(A)圖之偏光分離穿透、反射板幻。D-BEF在面向内 方向具有反射軸，可反射於反射轴方向偏光之光。另外， 在第6圖及第7圖所示之液晶顯示元件中’係使用用於(股) 23 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 曰東電工製增亮膜PCF之寬帶膽固醇液晶膜作為第2(A)圖 之偏光分離穿透、反射板67。寬帶膽固醇液晶膜可例如反 射右圓偏光，穿透左圓偏光，亦有與其相反之寬帶膽固醇 液晶膜。 5 第3圖係概略地顯示第1實施例之液晶顯示元件的分解 透視圖。 顯示用液晶單元76之液晶層55係使用負型介電係數異 向性(Δε<0)之液晶材料形成，作為垂直配向型液晶顯示元 件。而區域分割用液晶單元77之液晶層55則使用正型介電 10 係數異向性(Δε>0)之向列型液晶材料形成，且將扭轉角設 為90°。又，本圖係顯示電壓未施加時之液晶分子的配向狀 態。 上側、下側及中央偏光板54a、54b、54i係使用直線偏 光板。上側及中央偏光板54a' 54i係配置成正交偏光狀態， 15 而中央及下側偏光板54i、54b則配置成平行偏光狀態。圖 中，以箭頭顯示上側及下側偏光板54a、54b之穿透軸方向。 又，D-BEF69係配置成反射軸與上側偏光板54a之穿透 軸平行。 接著說明第1實施例之液晶顯示元件的動作。 20 顯示用液晶單元76的液晶分子在電壓未施加時，係幾 乎垂直地配向於上側及下側基板50a、50b。因此，入射於 液晶層之光不需改變偏光方向即可穿透液晶層。 雖然在施加電壓時，液晶分子在非顯示區域中之配向 狀態與電壓未施加時並無不同，但，在顯示區域中，液晶 24 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 分子從電壓未施加時改變，倒向相對於上側及下側偏光板 54a、54b之穿透轴面向内方向45。的方向，賦予入射於液晶 層之光雙折射效應，讓液晶層具有和1/2波長板同等的效 果’使入射光之偏光方向變化90°，由液晶層射出。 5 另一方面，區域分割用液晶單元77之液晶分子在電壓 未施加時係在上側及下側偏光板54a、54b間扭轉90。配向。 因此，在電壓未施加的區域中，入射於液晶層之光會變化 90°偏光方向穿透液晶層。 而在施加電壓時，液晶分子幾乎垂直地配向於上側及 10下側基板5〇a、50b間。因此，在施加電壓的區域中，入射 於液晶層之光係在不改變偏光方向的狀態下穿透液晶層。 首先’說明由多色前光66射出之光。 由多色前光66射出之光會變成於上側偏光板54a之穿 透轴方向具偏光方向之直線偏光，而入射於液晶層55。 15 在非顯示區域（電壓未施加的區域）中，光不改變偏光方 向穿透液晶層55，入射於D-BEF69。D-BEF69之反射轴方向 係與上側偏光板54a之穿透軸方向平行。因此，穿透液晶層 55之多色前光66之光幾乎會1〇〇%於D-BEF69反射，而再度 穿透液晶層55及上侧偏光板54a。而穿透之光可被觀察者識 20 別。 在顯示區域(施加電壓的區域）中，因液晶分子之配向狀 態從電壓未施加時改變，故入射於液晶層55之光的偏光方 向會變化90° ’而射出液晶層55。射出液晶層55之直線偏光 的偏光方向與D-BEF69之反射軸方向垂直（與D-BEF69之穿 25 ~叫67 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 透輛方向平行），所以射出液晶層55之直線偏光會穿透 ，再穿透中央偏光板54i，然後傳播至區域分割用 液晶單元77側，由於散亂等消失。故，由多色前光66射出 之光不會被觀察者識別。 接著，說明由多色背光56射出之光。 由多色背光56射出之光會變成於下側偏光板54b之穿 透軸方向具偏光方向之直線偏光，入射於區域分割用液晶 單元77。 1 在電壓未施加的區域中，由多色背光56射出之光的偏 〇光方向會變化90。，而射出區域分割用液晶單元77,故該光 會被與下側偏光板54b平行偏光配置之中央偏光板54i吸 收’而不入射於顯示用液晶單元76。 在施加電壓的區域中，由多色背光56射出之光的偏光 15方向不會變化，而射出區域分割用液晶單元77，故會穿透 15與下側偏光板54b平行偏光配置之中央偏光板54i，再穿透 D~BEF69，而入射於顯示用液晶單元76〇 在顯示用液晶單元76中，當施加電壓於位於對應射出 來自多色背光56之光之區域的電極時，因光會在該電極位 置的偏光方向會變化90。射出顯示用液晶單元76,穿透上側 20 偏光板54a，故可被被觀察者識別。 因此，在非顯示區域中，由多色前光66發出之光可被 觀察者識別，而在顯示區域中，則係由多色背光56發出之 光則可被觀察者識別。 如此，第1實施例之液晶顯示元件可分別獨立地以多色 26 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 前光66顯現非顯示區域之色調，而以多色背光56顯現顯示 區域之色調。另外，藉由選擇由光源56及66射出之光色’ 可分別選擇顯示區域及非顯示區域之顯示色。 如前述，第1實施例之液晶顯示元件即使在多色前光66 5 及多色背光56同時亮燈的情形下，在任意一處也只有一方 之光會被觀察者識別。只要液晶顯示元件係進行ΟΝ/OFF之 切換動作者，則就算兩者同時亮燈也幾乎不會產生混色。 第4圖係概略地顯示第2實施例之液晶顯示元件的分解 透視圖。在第1實施例中係使用垂直配向型液晶單元作為顯 10示用液晶單元76。而在第2實施例中，則係使用包含有分別 配置於上側及中央偏光板54a、54i側之補償單元（上側單 元)7〇及驅動單元（下側單元）71之2層構造的液晶單元作為 顯示用液晶單元76，與第1實施例之液晶顯示元件不同。 補償單元70及驅動單元71之液晶層55係同時使用相同 15之正型介電係數異向性(Δε>0)液晶材料形成，並將各單元 70、71分別設為左扭轉角90。、右扭轉角9〇。之水平配向型 液晶顯示元件。使在各單元70、71之液晶層55的厚度方向 中央之液晶分子配向方向互相垂直，且使兩單元7〇 ' 71之 液晶層55厚度相等。又，本圖係顯示電壓未施加時之液晶 20分子的配向狀態。 顯不用液晶單元76之顯示動作只有在對驅動單元（下 側單元)71施加電壓時進行，不對補償單元(上鮮元)7〇通 電。 以補償單元70,驅動單元7卜上側及中央偏光板5如、 27 丄⑽567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 541，及D-BEF69構成之液晶單元相對於由多色背光56發出 之光為黑底型液晶單元。 然後說明第2實施例之液晶顯示元件的動作。如前述， 因不對補償單元70通電，故補償單元70之液晶分子通常會 5保持在左扭轉角90。的狀態。因此，入射於補償單元70之光 的偏光方向會向左變化90°，射出補償單元70。 在電壓未施加時’驅動單元71可使入射光之偏光方向 向右變化90。射出。即，在驅動單元71中，光之偏光方向係 和補償單元7〇反方向變化90。。於是，光會以與入射於2層 10構造之液晶單元時相等之偏光方向射出2層構造之液晶單 元〇 但是’在施加電壓時，非顯示區域之液晶分子的配向 狀態雖和電壓未施加時相同，但在顯示區域中，驅動單元 71之液晶分子的配向狀態從電壓未施加時改變（在上側及 15下側基板50a、50b幾乎垂直配向）’入射於驅動單元71之光 不改變偏光方向地由驅動單元71射出。然後，光之偏光方 向會與入射於2層構造之液晶單元時相差9〇。，射出2層構造 之液晶單元。 因此’即使在電壓未施加時及施加電壓時，在非顯示 20區域中，藉由2層構造之液晶單元(補償單元7〇及驅動單元 71)，光可不改變偏光方向。另一方面，在施加電壓時，在 顯示區域中，光可變化90。偏光方向，由2層構造之液晶單 元射出。 因此，第2實施例之液晶顯示元件和第丨實施例之液晶 28 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 顯示元件相同地動作’在電壓未施加時，由多色前光66發 出之光可在顯示部全區域被觀察者識別，而在施加電壓 時，由多色前光66發出之光可在非顯示區域被觀察者識 別’由多色背光56發出之光則可在顯示區域被觀察者識別。 5 本發明者在研究各式各樣之扭轉角之液晶單元後，發 現當補償單元70及驅動單元71之扭轉角為7〇。〜240。時，第2 實施例之液晶顯示元件可在實用上有效地作用。 此外’將補償單元(上側單元)7〇置換成具有與其同等之 光學機能之液晶性聚合物配向相位差板(股)P〇latechn〇公司 10 製Twistar也可得到相同效果。 第5圖係概略地顯示第3實施例之液晶顯示元件的分解 透視圖。 第3實施例之液晶顯示元件係在顯示用液晶單元76之 上側基板50a與上側偏光板54a之間設有相位差板72之液晶 15 顯示元件。 藉由適切地規定液晶分子之扭轉角、液晶層的厚度、 相位差板的相位差値及相位落後軸的方位，可使以上側及 下側基板50a、50b，液晶層55,上側及中央偏光板54a、54i， D-BEF69，及相位差板72構成之液晶單元相對於由多色背 20光56發出之光為黑底型液晶單元。此時，相位差板72可發 揮調整色調的功用。 詳細結構如下。 將顯不用液晶單元76之液晶層55的厚度設為6μπι，且 使用（股）大日本油墨（Dainippon Ink)製RDP00333作為液晶 29 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 材料，並將液晶分子之扭轉角設為向左扭轉240。之扭轉水 平配向。然後使用相位差値600Nmi單轴光學異向性相位 差板，作為相位差板72。又，將相位差板72之相位落後轴、 上側偏光板54a之穿透轴、D-BEF69之穿透軸、及中央偏光 5板54丨之穿透軸分別與液晶層55之中央分子配向方向形成 之角設為 140°、95°、70。、70。。 本圖係顯示電壓未施加時之液晶分子的配向狀態。另 外’以箭頭顯示上側及中央偏光板54a、54i之穿透軸方向、 相位差板72之相位落後軸方向、及D-BEF69之穿透軸方向。 10 另外’在第3實施例之液晶顯示元件中，區域分割用液 晶單元77之液晶層55係使用負型介電係數異向性之 液晶材料形成，作為垂直配向型液晶顯示元件。又，中央 及下側偏光板54i、54b係配置成正交偏光狀態。 在第3實施例中，雖係使用1片相位差板72，但亦可使 15用複數相位差板。此外，並不限於單軸光學異向性相位差 板’亦可使用雙轴光學異向性相位差板。 又’顯不用液晶早元7 6之液晶分子之扭轉角最好是設 為180°〜240。。 第6圖係概略地顯示第4實施例之液晶顯示元件的分解 20透視圖。 第4實施例之液晶顯示元件和第3圖所示之第1實施例 之液晶顯示元件類似。第1實施例之液晶顯示元件係分別在 挟持液晶層5 5之上側及下側基板5 0 a、5 0 b外側配置有上側 及中央偏光板54a、54i。而且，還在下側基板50b與中央偏 30 1358567 |^=^珊正替換 光板54 i之間插有D-BEF，作為可依照其偏光狀態使入射光 穿透或反射之偏光分離穿透、反射板。 而第4實施例之液晶顯示元件係將寬帶膽固醇液晶膜 而非D-BEF配置在顯示用液晶單元76之下側基板50b與中 5 央偏光板54i之間，作為偏光分離穿透、反射板67，與第i 實施例之液晶顯示元件不同。 另外，在第1實施例之液晶顯示元件中，雖係使用直線 偏光板作為上側及中央偏光板54a、54i，但在第4實施例之 液晶顯示元件中，對來自上方之光係採用組合上側直線偏 10 光板54e及上側1/4波長板54g之圓偏光板，作為上側偏光板 54a ’而對來自下方之光則採用組合中央直線偏光板54f與 中央1/4波長板54h之圓偏光板，作為中央偏光板54i。另外， 上側及中央偏光板54a、54i係同時在顯示用液晶單元76側配 置配置1/4波長板形成，並將直線偏光板之穿透軸與1/4波長 15 板之相位落後轴之間的角度設成±45°，且使上側及中央直 線偏光板54e、54f之穿透軸互相垂直。又，上側及中央直 線偏光板54e、54f之穿透軸的方位可相對於上側及下側基 板5〇a、50b任意設定。 另外，1/4波長板54g、54h的機能亦可使用複數波長板 20 組合(例如1/4波長板與1/2波長板的組合)實現。 此外，下側偏光板54b係使用直線偏光板，且將中央及 下側直線偏光板54a之穿透轴設成互相平行。 在第4實施例之液晶顯示元件中，係將上側偏光板54a 作為右圓偏光板，而將中央偏光板54i作為左圓偏光板。此 31 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 外’寬帶膽固醇液晶膜73係作為可反射右圓偏光，穿透左 圓偏光者。 以下，以X成分相對於y成分相位落後之圓偏光為右圓 偏光，而相位超前之圓偏光為左圓偏光。 5 亦可與此相反m㈣練54a作為左目偏光板， 而將中央偏光板54ι作為右圓偏光板，且將寬帶膽固醇液晶 膜73作為可反射左圓偏光，穿透右圓偏光者。並將上側偏 光板54a與中央偏光板54i之圓偏光方向設為反方向使寬帶 膽固醇液晶膜73穿透之圓偏光方向與中央偏光板54i之圓 10 偏光方向一致。 此外，採用寬帶膽固醇液晶膜與圓偏光板貼合之結構 的（股）日東電工製NIPOCS或（股)Merck製TRANSMAX等通 常係貼合於背光上或液晶單元下側來使用。此時，寬帶膽 固醇液晶膜係配置於光源側（與液晶單元相對之側）。而在本 15實施例中’寬帶膽固醇液晶膜係配置於液晶單元側，與此 不同。 顯示用液晶單元76之液晶層55係使用負型介電係數異 向性(Δε<0)之液晶材料形成，作為垂直配向型液晶顯示元 件。在本圖中’顯示有電壓未施加時之液晶分子的配向狀 20 態。又，施加電壓時液晶層55的延遲量為1/2波長（例如，X 成分相位落後1/2波長）。 由多色前光66射出之光會變成於上側直線偏光板54e 之穿透轴方向偏光之光’而入射於上側1/4波長板54g，X成 分只相位落後1/4波長而變成右圓偏光。 32 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 在未對顯示用液晶單元76施加電壓時，入射於顯示用 液aa早元76之液晶層55之光可不改變偏光狀態地射出液晶 層55。由多色前光66發出而射出上侧1/4波長板54g之右圓 偏光係以右圓偏光的狀態射出液晶層55，於寬帶膽固醇液 5晶膜73反射。反射光在仍為右圓偏光的狀態下穿透顯示用 液晶卓元76之液晶層55，y成分於上側1/4波長板54g相位落 後1/4波長，所以會變成與入射光相同之偏光成分的直線偏 光’穿透上側直線偏光板54e，被觀察者識別。相反地，因 由多色背光56射出、於區域分割用液晶單元77分割成每一 10 區域穿透中央直線偏光板54f之光，係X成分在中央1/4波長 板54h相位超前1/4波長，以左圓偏光的狀態穿透液晶層， 而於上側1/4波長板54g相位落後1/4波長，故會變成於中央 偏光板之偏光轴旋轉90°之直線偏光，而被上側直線偏光板 54e遮擋，無法被觀察者識別。 15 在對顯示用液晶單元76施加電壓時，因顯示用液晶單 元76之液晶層55之液晶分子的配向狀態改變，入射於顯示 區域之液晶層55之右圓偏光會變成左圓偏光射出液晶層 55。又，左圓偏光會變成右圓偏光射出液晶層55。 由多色前光66射出之光和未對顯示用液晶單元76施加 20電壓時一樣’可在#顯示區域被觀察者識別。在顯示區域 中，因X成分相位落後1/4波長、相位落後1/2波長，變成左 圓偏光穿透寬帶膽固醇液晶膜73，且於中央1/4波長板54h 相位超前1/4波長，穿透中央直線偏光板54f，故無法被觀察 者識別。 33 1358567 __ 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 另一方面，由多色背光56射出並在區域分割用液晶單 元77依各區域分割而穿透中央直線偏光板54f之光，因分別 於中央1/4波長板54h、液晶層55、上側1/4波長板54g相位超 前1/4波長、相位落後1/2波長、相位落後1/4波長，入射於 5上側直線偏光板54e ’故可穿透其而被觀察者識別。 以顯示用液晶單元76，上側及中央偏光板54a、54i， 及寬帶膽固醇液晶膜73構成之液晶元件相對於由多色背光 56發出之光為黑底型液晶單元。此外，顯示用液晶單元76 與上側或中央偏光板54a、54i之間雖未使用視角補償板等相 10 位差板(相位差膜），但亦可依需要適當使用。 第4實施例之液晶顯示元件的動作與第丨實施例之液晶 顯示元件的動作相同。因此，在未對顯示用液晶單元％施 加電壓時’由多色前光66發出之光可在顯示部全區域被觀 察者識別’在對顯示用液晶單元76施加電壓時，由多色前 15光66發出之光可在非顯示區域被觀察者識別，由多色背光 56發出之光則可在顯示區域被觀察者識別。 第4實施例之液晶顯示元件亦可達到與第1實施例之液 晶顯示元件相同的效果。 第7圖係概略地顯示第5實施例之液晶顯示元件的分解 2〇透視圖。第4實施例係使用垂直配向型液晶單元作為顯示用 液晶單元76，而第5實施例則係使用包含有分別配置在上側 及中央偏光板54a、54i側之扭轉向列型補償單元（上側單 元)70及扭轉向列型驅動單元（下側單元)71之2層構造的扭 轉向列型液晶單元，與第4實施例之液晶顯示元件不同。 34 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換2 Q The multi-color backlight 56 is disposed outside the lower polarizing plate 5413, and the multi-color backlight 56 selectively emits a plurality of light sources, for example, an RGB multi-color LED light source on the side, which can input the incident light. Irradiation toward the liquid crystal layer. The color light source can be composed of an organic LED, an inorganic LED, a CCFL, an FE lamp, or the like. The change of the color of the emitted light can be achieved by using a monochromatic light source having a plurality of different illuminating colors. 17 1358567 Patent No. 95137884 Application No. 100.8.23 Correction Replacement It is also possible to use a structure of a single light source of a variable illuminating color. A synchronization circuit 78 is connected between the multi-color backlight 56 and the applied voltage means 68 of the area dividing liquid crystal cell 77. The synchronizing circuit 78 can cause the casing of the multi-color backlight 56 to be turned off in synchronization with the application of the voltage to the electrodes 52a and 52b of the liquid crystal cell 77 for the area division (the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 55). Referring to Fig. 1(C), the operation of the liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 1(B) will be described using an FS driving method in which three SBs of one frame are divided into SB1 to SB3. The multi-color backlight 56 can emit red, blue, and K light in the SBs SB2 and SB3, respectively, and the light emitted in the polarizing direction of the lower polarizing plate 54b will be incident on the ten-divided liquid crystal cell 77. The area dividing liquid crystal unit 77 can divide the incident light from the multicolor backlight 56 into a predetermined area defined by the electrode shape on the upper substrate 50a (5 in the first (C)® area 81 to 8S) Area) shot. Namely, the shape of the electrode of the liquid crystal cell 77 is divided into the shape of the corresponding region 8 and 85. The area 81 is a region corresponding to 5 rows and 4 columns on the left side in the dot portion shown in the figure (a). The text "L" can be displayed by the light of the emission region 81. The area 82 is an area corresponding to 5 rows and 4 columns in the center among the dots shown in the first (A) diagram. The text "C" can be displayed by the light exiting the area 82. The region 83 corresponds to a region of 5 rows and 4 columns on the right side in the dot portion shown in the i-th (A) diagram. The text "〇" can be displayed by the light emitted from the area 83. The area 84 is an area corresponding to the character string "STANLEY" in the segment shown in the i-th (A). The text can be displayed by the light exiting the area 84. 18 1358567 _ 95137884 Application 100.8.23 Correction Replacement Column. The area 85 is an area corresponding to the character string "r&d" in the segment shown in Fig. 1(A). The character string can be displayed by the light exiting the area 85. In the display liquid crystal cell 76, the electrodes 52a and 52b of the 5th and 4th columns of the "STANLEY" and "R&D" 5 sections, the left side, the center, and the right side of the dot are respectively displayed. "The voltage is applied to each of SB1 to SB3. The electrodes 52a and 52b of the characters rL", rc", and "D" are displayed. In SB1, voltages are applied to the electrodes 52a and 52b of the regions 81 and 84 of the liquid crystal cell 77 corresponding to the region division. Therefore, among the 10 red lights emitted from the multi-color backlight 56, only the light of the emission regions 81 and 84 maintains the polarization state defined by the lower polarizing plate 54b, and penetrates the central polarizing plate 54i. Among the electrodes 52a and 52b that are displayed in the central polarizing plate 54i, 'the display liquid crystal unit 76 correspondingly displays the "STANLEY" segment and the five rows and four columns on the left side of the dot portion, "only the corresponding display text is penetrated". The light of the liquid crystal layer 55 of the electrodes 52a, 15 521) (the red light of the characters "STANLEY" and "L" is displayed) penetrates the upper polarizing plate 54a in the original polarized state to reach the observer's eyes. In SB2t, as described above, blue light is emitted from the multi-color backlight 56, and voltages are applied to the electrodes 2? 52a, 52b of the regions 8 3 and 8 of the liquid crystal cell 7 7 corresponding to the region division. Among the electrodes 52a and 52b of the display of the "r&d" portion and the five rows and four columns on the right side of the dot portion, the electrodes 52a and 52b for displaying the character "D" are applied by the display liquid crystal cell 76. Therefore, only the blue light showing the characters "R&D" and "D" penetrates the upper polarizing plate 54a and reaches the observer's eyes. In the SB3, as described above, the yellow light is emitted from the multi-color backlight 56, and the electrode 52a, 52b of the region 82 of the liquid crystal cell 77 corresponding to the area dividing is replaced by the application of the method 100.8.23 of the application No. 95, 137, 568. between. In the electrodes 52a'52b of the five rows and four columns of the display liquid crystal cell 76 corresponding to the display and the center of the dot portion, since the voltage is applied between the electrodes 52a and 52b of the display character "C", only the character "C" is displayed. The yellow light penetrates the upper polarizing plate 54a of the 5 to reach the observer's eyes. When the liquid crystal display device of Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-118870 is used for character display such as a segment or a dot, the color tone can be changed in units of characters. The liquid crystal display element of the embodiment described in detail with reference to Figs. 3 to 7 will be schematically explained by the second (A) to (C) drawings. 10 Refer to Figure 2(A). The structure of the liquid crystal display element includes a liquid crystal cell 76 for display and a liquid crystal cell 77 for area division. The two units 76, 77 are arranged such that the display liquid crystal cell 76 is on the upper side, and the area dividing liquid crystal unit 77 is on the lower side. The two units 76, 77 simultaneously include an upper side 15 substrate 50a and a lower side substrate 50b which are arranged substantially parallel to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 55 held therebetween. The upper substrate 50a and the lower substrate 50b are provided with flat glass substrates (upper and lower glass substrates 51a and 51b), and electrodes having a predetermined pattern formed on a surface of the flat glass substrates with a transparent conductive material such as ITO (upper side and The lower transparent electrodes 52a and 52b) and the alignment film (the upper 20 side and the lower alignment films 53a and 53b) formed on the respective electrodes. An applied voltage means 68 for applying an arbitrary voltage between the electrodes 52a, 52b is connected between the upper transparent electrode 52a and the lower transparent electrode 52b. The alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 55 between the electrodes 52a and 52b can be changed by the voltage applied between the electrodes 52a and 52b by the voltage applying mechanism 68. 20 1358567 ^____ Application No. 95137884 100.8.23 Correction Replacement The liquid crystal cell 76 is different from the electrode shape of the area dividing liquid crystal cell 77. This will be explained with reference to Figures 2(B) and (c). The upper polarizing plate 54a is disposed on the outer side of the upper substrate 5 〇 a of the liquid crystal cell 76, and the lower polarizing plate 5 is disposed on the outer side of the lower substrate 50b of the liquid crystal cell 77 for area division. Further, a polarized light separation and reflection plate 67 is disposed outside the lower substrate 5b of the liquid crystal cell 76 for display, and the polarized light is separated and penetrated between the reflecting plate 67 and the upper substrate 5A of the liquid crystal cell 77 for segmentation. A central polarizing plate 54i is disposed. The upper polarizing plate 54a, the lower polarizing plate 54b, and the central polarizing plate 54i are, for example, a linear polarizing plate, a circular polarizing plate, or an elliptically polarizing plate. The polarizing plates 54a, 54b, and 54i respectively have a transmission axis in the inward direction, and are only provided for the light transmitted through the axis to be polarized. When the polarizing plates are circular polarizing plates and elliptically polarizing plates ', a retardation plate is also provided inside. The polarized light is separated and the reflecting plate 67 can penetrate or counteract the incident light according to its polarized state. The polarized light separation and reflection plate 67 is a broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film (broadband) such as D-BEF (brightness enhane film) or (Japan) Density Film PCF (polarization conversion film). Cholesteric film) ° • The liquid crystal cell 76 for display and the liquid crystal cell 77 for area division are both on the upper side • 20 is applied between the transparent electrode 52a and the lower transparent electrode 52b with an applied voltage mechanism capable of applying an arbitrary voltage between the electrodes 52a and 52b. 68. The alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 55 between the two electrodes 52a, 52b can be changed by the voltage applied between the electrodes 52a, 52b by the applied voltage means 68. The multi-color front light 66 and the multi-color backlight 56 are respectively disposed on the upper polarizing plate. 21 567 Patent No. 95,137, 884, the entire disclosure of the lower-side polarizing plate 5415. The multi-color front light 66 and the multi-color backlight % selectively emit light sources of a plurality of colors, for example, an RGB multi-color LED light source on the side, and the incident light can be irradiated toward the liquid crystal layer. The color light source can be composed of an organic LED 'inorganic LED, CCFL, FE lamp, or the like. The change in the color of the emitted light can be realized by a structure in which a plurality of monochromatic light sources having different illuminating colors are used, or a structure in which a single-light source of a variable illuminating color is used. The multi-color front light 66 allows light from the liquid crystal layer to penetrate. The multi-color backlight 56 controls the display of display areas such as dots and segments, while the multi-color light 56 can be used to effect display of non-display areas. The synchronizing circuit 78 is configured to synchronously perform the non-lighting of the multi-color backlight 66 of the multi-color backlight 56 and the switching of the liquid crystal layer 55 of the two units 76 and 77 (change of the liquid knife alignment state) light transmission state and light shielding state Circuit of the switching, and the circuit can divide the 1 frame time into a plurality of frames, so that the multi-color front light 66 or the multi-color backlight 56 emits light in each frame and is synchronized with the light. Switching of the liquid crystal layer 55 of the cells 76, 77. The portion formed by the upper side of the liquid crystal cell 76' and the central substrates 50a and 5〇i, and the polarization separation and reflection plate 67 is a black matrix liquid crystal cell with respect to the light emitted from the multicolor backlight 56. Further, the portion of the central and lower polarizing plates 54a and 54i formed by the area dividing liquid crystal cell 77' is a black matrix type or white matrix type liquid crystal cell with respect to the light emitted from the multicolor back surface light 56. Fig. 2(B) is a plan view showing a display portion of the liquid crystal display element. The display unit (the singular or plural display unit and the background area that can be displayed) can be defined on the upper substrate 50a side by the upper transparent electrode 52a and the lower transparent electrode 52b of the display liquid crystal cell 76. The display unit includes the display unit. 22 1358567 Application No. 95137884, 100.8.23, replaces 88a~88u and paragraph 89, and background area 90. Each of the points 88a to 88u and the segment 89 are respectively provided with an independently driveable electrode ', and by selectively applying a voltage to the electrodes, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 55 corresponding to the electrode can be changed. Various displays. 5 The display unit is correspondingly disposed at a position where the upper transparent electrode 52a and the lower transparent electrode 52b of the display liquid crystal cell 76 are opposed to each other, and the background region is correspondingly defined by the upper transparent electrode 52a and the lower side of the non-display liquid crystal cell 76. The position of the transparent electrode 52b is opposite. The second (C) drawing shows a plan view of a region defined on the upper side 10 of the area dividing liquid crystal cell 77. The area dividing liquid crystal unit 77 can divide the incident light from the multicolor backlight 56 into a predetermined area (two areas of the areas 86 and 87 in the second (C) diagram) defined by the electrode shape. . The shapes of the regions 86 and 87 correspond to the position of the electrode segmentation liquid crystal cell 77 in the region of the region dividing liquid 15 crystal cell 77, and the upper transparent electrode 52a and the lower transparent electrode 52b face each other. In such a liquid crystal display element, by controlling the luminescent colors of the multi-color front light 66 and the multi-color backlight 56, the display area and the non-display area can be independently displayed in different hues. 20 Hereinafter, the specific structure and operation of the liquid crystal display element will be described. In the liquid crystal display elements shown in Figs. 3 to 5, D-BEF made of 3M is used as the polarization separation penetration and reflection plate of the second (A) diagram. The D-BEF has a reflection axis in the inward direction and can reflect light polarized in the direction of the reflection axis. In addition, in the liquid crystal display elements shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the wide-band cholesteric liquid crystal film of the brightening film PCF made by Mindong Electric Co., Ltd. is used in the modification of 100.8.23 for the application of No. 95137884. The polarizing separation penetration/reflection plate 67 as the second (A) diagram. The broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film can, for example, reflect a right circular polarized light, penetrate a left circular polarized light, and have a broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film opposite thereto. Fig. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing an exploded perspective view of the liquid crystal display element of the first embodiment. The liquid crystal layer 55 of the liquid crystal cell 76 for display is formed using a liquid crystal material having a negative dielectric anisotropy (?? < 0) as a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display element. On the other hand, the liquid crystal layer 55 of the liquid crystal cell 77 for area division is formed using a nematic liquid crystal material having a positive dielectric 10 coefficient anisotropy (Δε > 0), and the twist angle is set to 90°. Further, this figure shows the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules when the voltage is not applied. A linear polarizing plate is used for the upper side, the lower side, and the central polarizing plates 54a, 54b, and 54i. The upper and central polarizing plates 54a' 54i are arranged in a crossed polarization state, 15 and the central and lower polarizing plates 54i, 54b are arranged in a parallel polarized state. In the figure, the direction of the transmission axis of the upper and lower polarizing plates 54a, 54b is indicated by an arrow. Further, the D-BEF 69 is arranged such that the reflection axis is parallel to the transmission axis of the upper polarizing plate 54a. Next, the operation of the liquid crystal display element of the first embodiment will be described. The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal cell 76 for display are aligned almost perpendicularly to the upper and lower substrates 50a and 50b when the voltage is not applied. Therefore, the light incident on the liquid crystal layer can penetrate the liquid crystal layer without changing the polarization direction. Although the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules in the non-display region is not different when the voltage is applied, in the display region, the liquid crystal 24 1358567, No. 95137884, the application of the 100.8.23 correction replacement molecule is not applied from the voltage. The time is changed to reverse the inward direction 45 with respect to the transmission axis of the upper and lower polarizing plates 54a, 54b. The direction imparts a birefringence effect to the light incident on the liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal layer has the same effect as that of the 1/2 wavelength plate. The polarization direction of the incident light is changed by 90°, and is emitted from the liquid crystal layer. On the other hand, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal cell 77 for the area division are twisted 90 between the upper and lower polarizing plates 54a and 54b when the voltage is not applied. Orientation. Therefore, in the region where the voltage is not applied, the light incident on the liquid crystal layer changes 90° in the polarization direction to penetrate the liquid crystal layer. When a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned almost vertically between the upper side and the lower side substrate 5a, 50b. Therefore, in the region where the voltage is applied, the light incident on the liquid crystal layer penetrates the liquid crystal layer without changing the polarization direction. First, the light emitted by the multi-color front light 66 will be described. The light emitted from the multi-color front light 66 is incident on the liquid crystal layer 55 by linearly polarized light having a polarization direction in the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizing plate 54a. 15 In the non-display area (the area where the voltage is not applied), the light penetrates the liquid crystal layer 55 without changing the polarization direction, and is incident on the D-BEF 69. The reflection axis direction of the D-BEF 69 is parallel to the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizing plate 54a. Therefore, the light of the multi-color front light 66 penetrating the liquid crystal layer 55 is almost 1% by reflection of the D-BEF 69, and penetrates the liquid crystal layer 55 and the upper polarizing plate 54a again. The light that penetrates can be recognized by the observer. In the display region (the region where the voltage is applied), since the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules changes from when the voltage is not applied, the polarization direction of the light incident on the liquid crystal layer 55 changes by 90°' to emit the liquid crystal layer 55. The direction of polarization of the linearly polarized light that exits the liquid crystal layer 55 is perpendicular to the direction of the reflection axis of the D-BEF 69 (in parallel with the direction of the D-BEF 69, which is referred to as No. 95, 137, pp. 95, 137, pp. 100.8.23), so that the liquid crystal layer is emitted. The linear polarized light of 55 penetrates and penetrates the central polarizing plate 54i, and then propagates to the side of the liquid crystal cell 77 for area division, and disappears due to scattering or the like. Therefore, the light emitted by the multi-color front light 66 is not recognized by the observer. Next, the light emitted by the multi-color backlight 56 will be described. The light emitted from the multi-color backlight 56 is linearly polarized in the direction in which the lower polarizing plate 54b has a polarization direction, and is incident on the area dividing liquid crystal cell 77. 1 In the region where the voltage is not applied, the direction of the polarization of the light emitted by the multi-color backlight 56 changes by 90. When the liquid crystal cell 77 for area division is emitted, the light is absorbed by the central polarizing plate 54i which is disposed in parallel with the lower polarizing plate 54b, and is not incident on the liquid crystal cell 76 for display. In the region where the voltage is applied, the direction of the polarized light 15 of the light emitted from the multi-color backlight 56 does not change, and the liquid crystal cell 77 for the region is divided, so that the central polarizing plate which is disposed in parallel with the lower polarizing plate 54b and polarized is disposed. 54i, which penetrates D~BEF69, and is incident on the display liquid crystal cell 76 in the display liquid crystal cell 76. When a voltage is applied to the electrode located in the region corresponding to the light from the multicolor backlight 56, the light will be The polarization direction of the electrode position changes by 90. The liquid crystal cell 76 for emission is emitted and penetrates the polarizing plate 54a of the upper side 20, so that it can be recognized by the observer. Therefore, in the non-display area, the light emitted by the multi-color front light 66 can be recognized by the observer, and in the display area, the light emitted by the multi-color backlight 56 can be recognized by the observer. In this way, the liquid crystal display elements of the first embodiment can independently correct the color tone of the non-display area by replacing the front light 66 with the multi-color backlight 56 in the multi-color 26 1358567, No. 95137884 application 100.8.23, and the color of the display area is displayed by the multi-color backlight 56. . Further, the display colors of the display area and the non-display area can be selected by selecting the color of light emitted by the light sources 56 and 66, respectively. As described above, even in the case where the multi-color front light 66 5 and the multi-color backlight 56 are simultaneously lit, the liquid crystal display element of the first embodiment is recognized by the observer at any one of the positions. As long as the liquid crystal display element is switched between ΟΝ/OFF, even if both lights up at the same time, almost no color mixture occurs. Fig. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing an exploded perspective view of the liquid crystal display element of the second embodiment. In the first embodiment, a vertical alignment type liquid crystal cell is used as the display liquid crystal cell 76. In the second embodiment, a liquid crystal cell having a two-layer structure including a compensation unit (upper unit) 7A and a drive unit (lower unit) 71 disposed on the upper side and the central polarizing plates 54a and 54i, respectively, is used. The liquid crystal cell 76 for display is different from the liquid crystal display element of the first embodiment. The compensation unit 70 and the liquid crystal layer 55 of the driving unit 71 are simultaneously formed using the same 15 positive dielectric anisotropy (Δε > 0) liquid crystal material, and each of the cells 70 and 71 is set to the left twist angle 90, respectively. The right twist angle is 9〇. Horizontal alignment type liquid crystal display element. The alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules in the center in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer 55 of each of the cells 70, 71 are made perpendicular to each other, and the thicknesses of the liquid crystal layers 55 of the two cells 7'' are made equal. Further, this figure shows the alignment state of the liquid crystal 20 molecules when the voltage is not applied. The display operation of the display liquid crystal cell 76 is performed only when a voltage is applied to the drive unit (lower side unit) 71, and the compensation unit (upper fresh element) is not turned on. With the compensation unit 70, the upper side of the driving unit 7 and the central polarizing plate 5, for example, 27 丄 (10) 567, No. 95137884, application 100.8.23, the replacement 541, and the liquid crystal unit constituted by the D-BEF 69, with respect to the light emitted by the multi-color backlight 56 It is a black matrix type liquid crystal cell. Next, the operation of the liquid crystal display element of the second embodiment will be described. As described above, since the compensation unit 70 is not energized, the liquid crystal molecules of the compensation unit 70 are usually kept at the left twist angle 90. status. Therefore, the direction of polarization of the light incident on the compensating unit 70 changes 90° to the left, and the compensation unit 70 is emitted. When the voltage is not applied, the driving unit 71 can change the polarization direction of the incident light to the right by 90. Shoot out. That is, in the drive unit 71, the polarization direction of the light and the compensation unit 7 are changed 90 in the opposite direction. . Therefore, the light emits a liquid crystal cell having a two-layer structure in a polarization direction equal to that when incident on the liquid crystal cell of the two-layer structure 10, but when the voltage is applied, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules in the non-display region and the voltage are not applied. The same, but in the display region, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules of the driving unit 71 is changed from when the voltage is not applied (the upper and lower lower substrates 50a, 50b are almost vertically aligned). The light incident on the driving unit 71 does not change the polarization direction. The ground is emitted by the drive unit 71. Then, the direction of polarization of the light is different from that of the liquid crystal cell of the 2-layer structure. A liquid crystal cell of two-layer structure is emitted. Therefore, even in the non-display 20 region, even in the case where the voltage is not applied and the non-display 20 region, the light can be changed without changing the polarization direction by the liquid crystal cell of the two-layer structure (the compensation unit 7A and the driving unit 71). On the other hand, when a voltage is applied, the light can be varied by 90 in the display area. The polarizing direction is emitted by a liquid crystal cell having a two-layer structure. Therefore, the liquid crystal display element of the second embodiment and the liquid crystal of the second embodiment of the invention are in the same manner as the replacement display element 100.8.23, the modification of the display element, when the voltage is not applied, the light emitted by the multi-color front light 66 The entire area of the display portion can be recognized by the observer, and when a voltage is applied, the light emitted by the multi-color front light 66 can be recognized by the observer in the non-display area. The light emitted by the multi-color backlight 56 can be observed in the display area. Identification. 5 After the inventors studied various liquid crystal cells of various twist angles, it was found that the torsion angle of the compensating unit 70 and the driving unit 71 was 7 〇. ~240. At this time, the liquid crystal display element of the second embodiment can effectively function practically. Further, the same effect can be obtained by replacing the compensation unit (upper unit) 7 〇 with a liquid crystal polymer alignment phase difference plate (share) of the same type as the optical function of P〇latechn Co., Ltd. Fig. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing an exploded perspective view of the liquid crystal display element of the third embodiment. The liquid crystal display element of the third embodiment is a liquid crystal display element in which a phase difference plate 72 is provided between the upper substrate 50a of the display liquid crystal cell 76 and the upper polarizing plate 54a. By appropriately defining the twist angle of the liquid crystal molecules, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, the phase difference 値 of the phase difference plate, and the orientation of the phase backward axis, the upper and lower substrates 50a, 50b, the liquid crystal layer 55, the upper side, and the central polarized light can be made. The liquid crystal cells constituted by the plates 54a, 54i, D-BEF 69, and the phase difference plate 72 are black-type liquid crystal cells with respect to the light emitted from the multi-color back 20 light 56. At this time, the phase difference plate 72 can function to adjust the color tone. The detailed structure is as follows. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer 55 of the liquid crystal cell 76 is set to 6 μm, and the RDP00333 made by Dainippon Ink is used as a liquid crystal 29 1358567, No. 95137884, and the liquid crystal molecule is modified. The twist angle is set to twist to the left 240. Reverse the horizontal alignment. Then, a phase difference 値 600 Nmi uniaxial optical anisotropic phase difference plate was used as the phase difference plate 72. Further, the phase backward axis of the phase difference plate 72, the transmission axis of the upper polarizing plate 54a, the transmission axis of the D-BEF 69, and the transmission axis of the central polarizing plate 5 are respectively aligned with the central molecules of the liquid crystal layer 55. The angle formed is set to 140°, 95°, and 70. 70. . This figure shows the alignment state of liquid crystal molecules when the voltage is not applied. Further, the direction of the transmission axis of the upper side and the central polarizing plates 54a and 54i, the phase of the phase difference plate 72 behind the axis direction, and the direction of the transmission axis of the D-BEF 69 are indicated by arrows. In the liquid crystal display device of the third embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 55 of the liquid crystal cell for region division is formed of a liquid crystal material having a negative dielectric anisotropy, and is used as a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device. Further, the center and lower polarizing plates 54i and 54b are arranged in a state of being orthogonally polarized. In the third embodiment, although one phase difference plate 72 is used, a plurality of phase difference plates may be used. Further, it is not limited to the uniaxial optical anisotropic phase difference plate. A biaxial optical anisotropic phase difference plate can also be used. Further, it is preferable that the twist angle of the liquid crystal molecules which are not used in the liquid crystal cell is set to be 180 to 240. . Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing an exploded perspective view of the liquid crystal display element of the fourth embodiment. The liquid crystal display element of the fourth embodiment is similar to the liquid crystal display element of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 3. In the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment, the upper side and the central polarizing plates 54a and 54i are disposed on the upper side of the liquid crystal layer 55 and the lower side of the lower substrate 50a and 50b, respectively. Moreover, D-BEF is interposed between the lower substrate 50b and the center offset 30 1358567|^=^=========================================================== board. In the liquid crystal display device of the fourth embodiment, the broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film, not the D-BEF, is disposed between the lower substrate 50b and the central polarizing plate 54i of the liquid crystal cell 76 for display as a polarized separation and reflection plate. 67 is different from the liquid crystal display element of the i-th embodiment. Further, in the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment, the linear polarizing plate is used as the upper side and the central polarizing plates 54a and 54i. However, in the liquid crystal display device of the fourth embodiment, the upper side is combined with the upper side. The circular polarizing plate of the linearly polarizing plate 10e and the upper quarter-wavelength plate 54g serves as the upper polarizing plate 54a', and a circular polarizing plate that combines the central linear polarizing plate 54f and the central quarter-wavelength plate 54h is used for the light from below. As the center polarizing plate 54i. Further, the upper side and the central polarizing plates 54a and 54i are formed by arranging a quarter-wavelength plate on the display liquid crystal cell 76 side at the same time, and the transmission axis of the linear polarizing plate and the phase of the 1/4 wavelength 15 plate are behind the axis. The angle is set to ±45°, and the transmission axes of the upper side and the central linear polarizing plates 54e and 54f are perpendicular to each other. Further, the orientation of the transmission axis of the upper and central linear polarizing plates 54e, 54f can be arbitrarily set with respect to the upper and lower substrates 5a, 50b. Further, the functions of the 1⁄4 wavelength plates 54g and 54h can also be realized by using a combination of the complex wave plates 20 (for example, a combination of a 1⁄4 wavelength plate and a 1⁄2 wavelength plate). Further, the lower polarizing plate 54b is a linear polarizing plate, and the transmission axes of the central and lower linear polarizing plates 54a are arranged in parallel with each other. In the liquid crystal display device of the fourth embodiment, the upper polarizing plate 54a is used as the right circular polarizing plate, and the central polarizing plate 54i is used as the left circular polarizing plate. This application No. 95137884, 100.8.23, replaces the replacement of the 'wideband cholesteric liquid crystal film 73 as a light-reflecting right-circular polarized light that penetrates the left-circle polarized light. Hereinafter, the circularly polarized light whose phase X is behind the phase of the y component is right circularly polarized, and the circularly polarized light whose phase is advanced is left circularly polarized light. 5 In contrast, m(4) is practiced as a left-eye polarizing plate, and a central polarizing plate 541 is used as a right circular polarizing plate, and the broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film 73 is used as a reflection of a left circular polarized light and a right circular polarizer. The circular polarization direction of the upper polarizing plate 54a and the central polarizing plate 54i is reversed so that the circular polarization direction through which the broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film 73 penetrates coincides with the polarization direction of the circle 10 of the center polarizing plate 54i. Further, a structure in which a wide-band cholesteric liquid crystal film and a circular polarizing plate are bonded to each other, such as Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. or Nippon Electric Co., Ltd., TRANSMAX, etc., are usually attached to the backlight or the lower side of the liquid crystal cell. At this time, the broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film is disposed on the light source side (the side opposite to the liquid crystal cell). On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the 'wideband cholesteric liquid crystal film system is disposed on the liquid crystal cell side, and is different from this. The liquid crystal layer 55 of the liquid crystal cell 76 for display is formed using a liquid crystal material having a negative dielectric anisotropy (?? < 0) as a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display element. In the figure, 'the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules when the voltage is not applied is shown. Further, the retardation amount of the liquid crystal layer 55 when the voltage is applied is 1/2 wavelength (for example, the phase of the X component is shorter than 1/2 wavelength). The light emitted from the multi-color front light 66 becomes light that is polarized in the direction of the transmission axis of the upper linear polarizing plate 54e, and is incident on the upper quarter-wavelength plate 54g, and the X component is only 1/4 wavelength behind the phase and becomes a right circle. Polarized light. 32 1358567 Application No. 95137884, 100.8.23 Correction and Replacement When no voltage is applied to the display liquid crystal cell 76, the light incident on the liquid crystal layer 55 of the display liquid aa early 76 can emit the liquid crystal layer 55 without changing the polarization state. The right circular polarized light emitted from the multi-color front light 66 and emitted from the upper quarter-wavelength plate 54g emits the liquid crystal layer 55 in a state of right circular polarization, and is reflected by the broadband cholesterol liquid crystal film 73. The reflected light penetrates the liquid crystal layer 55 of the liquid crystal element 76 for display in a state of still right circular polarization, and the y component is 1/4 wavelength behind the upper quarter wave plate 54g, so that it becomes the same polarized light as the incident light. The linearly polarized light of the component penetrates the upper linear polarizing plate 54e and is recognized by the observer. On the other hand, the light emitted from the multi-color backlight 56 is divided into the light that penetrates the central linear polarizing plate 54f for each of the 10 regions by the liquid crystal cell 77 for division, and the X component is advanced by 1/4 wavelength in the central quarter-wave plate 54h. The liquid crystal layer is penetrated by the left circular polarization state, and the phase of the upper quarter wave plate 54g is 1/4 wavelength behind, so that it becomes a linear polarized light rotated by 90° on the polarization axis of the central polarizing plate, and is linearly polarized by the upper side. The plate 54e is occluded and cannot be recognized by the observer. When a voltage is applied to the display liquid crystal cell 76, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 55 of the display liquid crystal cell 76 changes, and the right circularly polarized light of the liquid crystal layer 55 incident on the display region becomes a left circularly polarized light emitting liquid crystal layer. 55. Further, the left circularly polarized light becomes a right circularly polarized light to emit the liquid crystal layer 55. The light emitted by the multi-color front light 66 is the same as that when the voltage is not applied to the display liquid crystal cell 76. In the display region, since the phase of the X component lags by 1/4 wavelength and the phase lags by 1/2 wavelength, the left circularly polarized light penetrates the broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film 73, and the phase is advanced by 1/4 wavelength in the central quarter wave plate 54h. It penetrates the central linear polarizing plate 54f and cannot be recognized by the observer. </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; The 1⁄4 wavelength plate 54h, the liquid crystal layer 55, and the upper side 1⁄4 wavelength plate 54g have a phase 1/4 wavelength, a phase 1/2 wavelength, and a phase 1/4 wavelength, which are incident on the upper linear polarizing plate 54e'. It is penetrated by it and recognized by the observer. The liquid crystal element composed of the display liquid crystal cell 76, the upper side and the central polarizing plates 54a and 54i, and the broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film 73 is a black matrix type liquid crystal cell with respect to the light emitted from the multicolor backlight 56. Further, although a phase difference plate (retardation film) such as a viewing angle compensation plate is not used between the liquid crystal cell 76 for display and the upper or central polarizing plates 54a and 54i, it may be suitably used as needed. The operation of the liquid crystal display element of the fourth embodiment is the same as the operation of the liquid crystal display element of the second embodiment. Therefore, when the voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal cell for display %, the light emitted by the multi-color front light 66 can be recognized by the observer in the entire display portion. When the voltage is applied to the display liquid crystal cell 76, the multi-color front 15 Light emitted by light 66 can be recognized by the viewer in the non-display area, and light emitted by the multi-color backlight 56 can be recognized by the viewer in the display area. The liquid crystal display element of the fourth embodiment can also achieve the same effects as the liquid crystal display element of the first embodiment. Fig. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing an exploded perspective view of the liquid crystal display element of the fifth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, a vertical alignment type liquid crystal cell is used as the display liquid crystal cell 76, and in the fifth embodiment, a twisted nematic compensation unit (upper unit) including the side disposed on the upper side and the central polarizing plates 54a and 54i, respectively, is used. The twisted nematic liquid crystal cell having a two-layer structure of the twisted nematic driving unit (lower side unit) 71 is different from the liquid crystal display element of the fourth embodiment. 34 Application No. 95137884 100.8.23 Correction Replacement
1358567 補償單元70及驅動單元71之液晶層55係同時使用相同 之正型介電係數異向性(△£>〇)液晶材料形成，且分別將各 單元70、71設為左扭轉角90。、右扭轉角90。之水平配向型 液晶顯示元件。各單元70、71之液晶層55的厚度方向中央 5 的液晶分子配向方向係互相垂直，且兩單元70、71之液晶 層55的厚度相等。本圖係顯示電壓未施加時之液晶分子的 配向狀態。又，兩單元7〇、71之液晶層55的延遲量同時為1 波長*=> 顯示用液晶單元76之顯示動作只有在對驅動單元（下 10側單元)71施加電壓時進行，不對補償單元(上側單元)7〇通 電。 以補償單元70，驅動單元71，上側及中央偏光板54a、 ，及寬帶膽固醇液晶膜73構成之液晶單元相對於由多色 背光56發出之光黑底型液晶單元。 然後說明第5實施例之液晶顯示元件的動作。如前述， 因不對補償單元70通電，故補償單元70可發揮作為偏光旋 轉片（polarization rotator)的機能。因此，入射於補償單元7〇 之右圓偏光會變成左圓偏光射出補償單元7〇。 八左圓偏 光會變成右圓偏光射出補償單元70。 20 。。驅動單元71在電壓未施加時，可發揮作為顯示與補償 單元相反之旋轉方向的偏光旋轉片的機能。另外，在施加 電壓時，在非顯示區域亦與其相同。但，在顯示區域中， 驅動單元71之液晶分子的配向狀態從電壓未施加時改變 (上側及下側基板5Qa、5喊乎垂直配向），可使人射於驅動 35 1358567 帛951J7884號申請案1⑷.8.23修正替換 單元71之光不改變偏光狀態自驅動單元71射出。 因此，在未對驅動單元71施加電壓時及施加電壓時， 在非顯示區域中’入射於2層構造之液晶單元(補償單元70 及驅動單元71)之光若為右圓偏光則以右圓偏光的狀態、若 5為左圓偏光則以左圓偏光的狀態射出2層構造之液晶單 元。另一方面，在施加電壓時，在顯示區域中，右圓偏光 會變成左圓偏光’而左圓偏光會變成右圓偏光，由2層構造 之液晶單元射出。 因此，第5實施例之液晶顯示元件係和第4實施例之液 10 晶顯示元件相同地動作’在未對驅動單元71施加電壓時， 由多色前光66發出之光可在顯示部全區域被觀察者識別， 在對驅動單元71施加電壓時，由多色前光66發出之光可在 非顯示區域被觀察者識別，由多色背光56發出之光則可在 顯示區域被觀察者識別。 15 本發明者在研究各式各樣之扭轉角之液晶單元後，發 現補償單元70及驅動單元71之扭轉角為7〇。〜240°時，第5 實施例之液晶顯示元件可在實用上有效地作用。 此外，將補償單元(上側單元)70置換成具有與其同等之 光學機能之液晶性聚合物配向相位差板(股)Polatechno公司 20 製Twi Star也可得到相同效果。 以上雖沿實施例說明’但本發明之液晶顯示元件並不 限於該等實施例。例如雖然第4圖及第7圖中圖示有補償單 元70之上側及下側基板50a、50b分別設有上側及下側透明 電極52a、52b的液晶顯示元件，但不施加電壓於補償單元 36 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 70時則無此必要。另外，在實施例中，雖係將補償單元70 配置在上方’而驅動單元71配置在下方，但亦可作相反配 置。 而且’在實施例中，雖係說明可同時進行段顯示與點 5顯示之液晶顯示元件’但亦可為段型液晶顯示元件或滿點 型液晶顯示元件等。 此外，相位差板(相位差膜）可插入上側基板50a與上側 偏光板54a之間、下側基板50b與下側偏光板54b之間之一方 或雙方。 10 參照表（A)及（B)(附於主要元件符號說明之後）說明 實施例之液晶顯示元件之驅動方法。所驅動之液晶顯示元 件係如參照第2圖〜第7圖說明之液晶顯示元件。該等液晶顯 示元件設有如第2(B)圖所示之顯示部。另外，分割用液晶 單元的上侧基板側劃定有如第2(C)圖所示之區域。 15 在實施例之驅動方法中，係將1畫格設為16.7ms，分成 3個分別為5.571118的58(581〜563)。然後將各58最初的31118 作為空白期間，再將剩下的2.57ms作為發光期間。 表（A)係顯示對顯示用液晶單元（當顯示用液晶單元為 2層構造時係驅動單元)施加/未施加電壓的表，顯示有每一 20 對應第2(B)圖所示之點88a〜88u及段89的電極。表中之「ON」 係顯示在SB1〜SB3施加電壓，而「OFF」則顯示在SB1〜SB3 未施加電壓。 在對應20個點88a〜88u之電極中，施加電壓的是對應點 88a〜88e、88j、88p及88u這8個點的電極，將對應施加電壓 37 1358567 第申胃案100.8.23修正替換 的電極的點連起來可形成「L」字形’且施加電壓於對應顯 示「ST」之段89的電極，形成「L」字形之點和段「ST」 為顯示區域，而剩下的顯示區域以外的點及背景區域則為 非顯示區域。 5 表（B)係彙整對區域分割用液晶單元施加/未施加電 壓、多色前光之亮熄燈及多色背光之亮熄燈的表。 每一對應第2(C)圖所示之區域86及87的電極顯示有對 區域分割用液晶單元施加/未施加電壓的情形。「區域分割 用液晶單元」列之「ON」係顯示在該SB施加電壓於對應之 10 電極，而「OFF」則顯示在該SB未施加電壓於對應之電極。 另外，在多色前光及多色背光列中，「ON」表示亮燈， 而「OFF」則表示熄燈，且「ON」旁邊括弧有亮燈色。又’ 兩光源不會同時亮燈。 此外，多色前光、多色背光及區域分割用液晶單元之 15 液晶層的切換係使用同步電路同步。藉此，可避免顯示部 之照明光混色。 請參照SB1行，在SB1中係由多色前光66射出藍色光， 且多色背光56為OFF ’不進行發光。區域分割用液晶單元 之區域86、87雙方皆未施加電壓。 20 因區域分割用液晶單元之區域86、87不射出光，故即 使施加電壓於對應形成顯示用液晶單元之「L」字形之點及 顯示「ST」之段的電極，該等部分（顯示區域）也不會進行 顯示。 另一方面，非顯示區域入射有來自多色前光之藍色光。 38 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 請參照SB2行。在SB2中，多色前光66為OFF，不進行 發光，且由多色背光56射出紅色光。區域分割用液晶單元 中，施加電壓於對應區域86之電極，而不施加電壓於區域 87 ° 5 區域分割用液晶單元之區域86可射出紅色光，而區域 87不射出光。又，區域86係對應點88a〜88u之電極的形成位 置劃定，由區域86射出之光係用於顯示點88a〜88u。因此， 施加電壓之顯示用液晶單元之形成「L」字形的點係藉由自 區域86射出之紅色光顯示。 10 請參照SB3行。在SB3中，多色前光66為OFF，不進行 發光’且由多色背光56射出黃色光。區域分割用液晶單元 中’不施加電壓於對應區域86之電極，而是施加電壓於區 域87。 區域分割用液晶單元之區域87可射出黃色光，而區域 15 86不射出光。又’區域87係對應段89之電極的形成位置劃 定，由區域87射出之光係用於顯示段89。因此，施加電壓 之顯示用液晶單元之段「ST」係藉由自區域87射出之黃色 光顯示。 在本發明者以表(A)及（B)所示之驅動方法驅動實施例 20 之液晶顯示元件時’在如第2(B)圖所示之顯示部中，點「L」 係以紅色顯示，段「ST」則以黃色顯示，而除此之外的部 分（非顯示區域)係以藍色顯示。 在實施例之液晶顯示元件的驅動方法中，係在SB 1使多 色前光66亮燈進行非顯示區域的顯示。又，在SB2及SB3使 39 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 夕色方光56¾燈進行顯示區域的顯示。因將仙、562及SB3 的儿燈色分別設為藍、紅及黃，故可以藍顯示非顯示區域， 而以紅及黃顯示顯示區域。 因可從多色前光及多色背光射出任意色之光，故顯示 5區域、非顯示區域可同時進行多樣化色顯示。另外，如實 施例所見，在顯示區域中，可達到複數色之顯示。例如只 要設置3個顯示區域顯示用之SB，且在&SB由多色背光％ 射出不同色之光，即可用3色來顯示顯示區域。因此可依照 顯示單位數，以不同之色顯示每一顯示單位。 10 此外，例如液晶單元為黑底時，可藉由在所有SB使多 色月光媳燈’以黑色顯不背景區域。又，在其中一顯示單 位(例如其中1個點）中，藉由使用同步電路控制使其不會在 所有SB進行照明光之顯示’即可以黑色顯示該顯示單位。 所以，將1畫格分成也包含非顯示區域顯示用SB之n個SB 15 時，可顯示也包含非顯示區域色之n+1色。 而且’因各顯示單位及背景區域係只在頂多1個SB以來 自光源之光進行顯示，故可防止色分離。 另外’由參照第表（A)及（B)說明之驅動方法可理解 到，顯示用液晶單元不一定要使用可高速回應光源之發光 20的液晶單元。因此，例如因可採用純矩陣驅動之點顯示單 元，故可減低製造成本。 另一方面’區域分割用液晶單元因需要高速回應，故 以低佔空比者為佳，尤以進行靜態驅動為佳。因區域分割 用液晶單元與顯示用液晶單元相比為畫素數較少的結構， 40 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 故容易設為靜態驅動單元。 而且，顯示用液晶單元、區域分割用液晶單元、多色 前光及多色背光不需要全部同步。 5 以上，雖係沿實施例說明本發明，但本發明並不限定 於此。發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者自當明瞭可對 其作各種變更、改良、組合等。 産業上利用之可能性 本發明可作為段型、滿點型、段顯示及點顯示之複合 型液晶顯示元件及其驅動方法來利用。 10 【圖式簡單說明】 第1 (A)〜(C)圖係用以簡單說明有關於特願2004-118870 號之液晶顯示裝置的圖。 第2(A)〜(C)圖係用以說明參照第3圖〜第7圖詳細說明 之實施例之液晶顯示元件之概略結構圖。 15 第3圖係概略地顯示第1實施例之液晶顯示元件的分解 透視圖。 第4圖係概略地顯示第2實施例之液晶顯示元件的分解 透視圖。 第5圖係概略地顯示第3實施例之液晶顯示元件的分解 透視圖。 第6圖係概略地顯示第4實施例之液晶顯示元件的分解 透視圖。 第7圖係概略地顯示第5實施例之液晶顯示元件的分解 透視圖。 41 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 第8(A)〜(C)圖係概略地顯示可調整非顯示區域之色調 之液晶顯示元件之内部結構例的分解透視圖。 第9(A)及（B)圖係概略地顯示可調整點部或段部之色 調之液晶顯示元件之内部結構例的分解透視圖。 5 第10(A)圖係概略地顯示可進行FS驅動之液晶顯示元 件之内部構成例的分解透視圖，而第10(B)圖則係顯示液晶 顯示元件之顯示部的平面圖。 第11圖係顯示使用FS驅動方式之液晶顯示元件之顯示 控制之一例的時序圖。 10 第12圖係用以說明前述申請案之液晶驅動方法的時序 圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 30...顯示部 54b...下側偏光板 31〜37...顯示單位 54c…上側色偏光板 38...背景區域 54d...下側色偏光板 50a…上側基板 54e…上側直線偏光板 50b...下側基板 54f...中央直線偏光板 5 la…上側玻璃基板 54g…上側1/4波長板 51b...下側玻璃基板 54h...中央1/4波長板 52a...上側透明電極 54i...中央偏光板 52b...下側透明電極 55...液晶層 53a...上側配向膜 56...多色背光 53b...下側配向膜 57…白色背光 54a...上側偏光板 58...相位差板 42 1358567 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 59…黑膜 60.. .區域瀘、色片 60.. .紅色部 60g...綠色部 60b...藍色部 60w.··白色部 66.. .多色前光 67.. .偏光分離穿透、反射板 68…施加電壓機構 69.. .D-BEF 70…補償單元 71.. .驅動單元 72.. .相位差板 73.. .寬帶膽固醇液晶膜 75.. .背光同步驅動電路 76.. .顯示用液晶單元 77.. .區域分割用液晶單元 78.. .同步電路 81〜87...區域 88a~88u...點 89.. .段 90…背景區域 43 1358567 (νΐ 〇*» ee g a oo OO g OO 90 U- Li. V9 OO oo LL. LL·- w oo oo Lt. o cr oo eo U. U- o ca. oo eo 2： o cs eo oo u. o ε oo oo U- o oo oo LL- U. o oe οσ Lk^. LLm, o eo oo g eo oo Ul. U_ o JS <90 ee 〇 oo oe oo u. LA_ eo oo LX. Ljl_ 0> oo C3^ g -Τ» oo oo § ίΛ eo oo B -A OO eo 舌 <〇 oo oo E l點或段 第95137884號申請案100.8.23修正替換 多色背光 U_ ON (紅） ON .(黃） 多色前光 g L-»- Ll. '非朗示S域 V X X m ,區域分割用液晶單元 ΞΞ U_ Li_ Li- ON (黃） 〇〇 Ι_ι_ Ll— ON:(紅） l_L_ :區域 CO CO CsJ CO co f-O CD CO 顯杀色1358567 The compensation unit 70 and the liquid crystal layer 55 of the driving unit 71 are simultaneously formed by using the same positive dielectric anisotropy (Δ£> 〇) liquid crystal material, and each unit 70, 71 is set to a left twist angle of 90, respectively. . , right twist angle 90. Horizontal alignment type liquid crystal display element. The alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the center 5 of the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer 55 of each of the cells 70, 71 is perpendicular to each other, and the thicknesses of the liquid crystal layers 55 of the two cells 70, 71 are equal. This figure shows the alignment state of liquid crystal molecules when the voltage is not applied. Further, the retardation amount of the liquid crystal layer 55 of the two cells 7 and 71 is 1 wavelength at the same time *=> The display operation of the liquid crystal cell 76 for display is performed only when a voltage is applied to the driving unit (lower 10 side cell) 71, and no compensation is performed. The unit (upper unit) 7 is energized. The liquid crystal cell composed of the compensation unit 70, the driving unit 71, the upper side and the central polarizing plate 54a, and the broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film 73 is opposed to the photo-black liquid crystal cell emitted from the multi-color backlight 56. Next, the operation of the liquid crystal display element of the fifth embodiment will be described. As described above, since the compensation unit 70 is not energized, the compensation unit 70 can function as a polarization rotator. Therefore, the right circularly polarized light incident on the compensation unit 7〇 becomes the left circular polarization output compensation unit 7〇. The eight-left circular polarization becomes the right circular polarization emission compensation unit 70. 20 . . When the voltage is not applied, the drive unit 71 can function as a polarization rotating piece that displays the rotation direction opposite to the compensation unit. In addition, when a voltage is applied, it is also the same in the non-display area. However, in the display region, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules of the driving unit 71 is changed from when the voltage is not applied (the upper and lower substrates 5Qa, 5 are swayed vertically), and the human lens can be driven by the driver 35 1358567 帛 951J7884 1(4).8.23 Correction The light of the replacement unit 71 is emitted from the driving unit 71 without changing the polarization state. Therefore, when a voltage is not applied to the driving unit 71 and a voltage is applied, the light incident on the liquid crystal cell of the two-layer structure (the compensation unit 70 and the driving unit 71) in the non-display region is right circular if it is right circularly polarized. In the state of the polarized light, if 5 is left circularly polarized light, the liquid crystal cell having a two-layer structure is emitted in a state of left circular polarization. On the other hand, when a voltage is applied, in the display region, the right circularly polarized light becomes a left circularly polarized light' and the left circularly polarized light becomes a right circularly polarized light, and is emitted from a liquid crystal cell having a two-layer structure. Therefore, the liquid crystal display element of the fifth embodiment operates in the same manner as the liquid 10-crystal display element of the fourth embodiment. When the voltage is not applied to the driving unit 71, the light emitted by the multi-color front light 66 can be displayed on the display unit. The area is recognized by the observer. When a voltage is applied to the driving unit 71, the light emitted by the multi-color front light 66 can be recognized by the observer in the non-display area, and the light emitted by the multi-color backlight 56 can be recognized by the observer in the display area. . 15 After studying the liquid crystal cells of various twist angles, the inventors found that the torsion angle of the compensating unit 70 and the driving unit 71 was 7 〇. At ～240°, the liquid crystal display element of the fifth embodiment can be effectively used practically. Further, the same effect can be obtained by replacing the compensation unit (upper unit) 70 with a liquid crystal polymer alignment phase difference plate (Polatechno Co., Ltd.) Twi Star having the optical function equivalent thereto. Although the above description has been made with respect to the embodiments, the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. For example, although the liquid crystal display elements of the upper and lower transparent electrodes 52a and 52b are provided on the upper and lower substrates 50a and 50b of the compensation unit 70, respectively, in FIGS. 4 and 7, the voltage is not applied to the compensation unit 36. 1358567 Application No. 95137884 No. 100.8.23 Correction Replacement 70 is not necessary. Further, in the embodiment, the compensation unit 70 is disposed above and the drive unit 71 is disposed below, but may be reversed. Further, in the embodiment, the liquid crystal display element 'which can simultaneously display the segment display and the dot 5 is described, but it may be a segment type liquid crystal display element or a full-point type liquid crystal display element. Further, a phase difference plate (retardation film) can be inserted between the upper substrate 50a and the upper polarizing plate 54a, or between one or both of the lower substrate 50b and the lower polarizing plate 54b. 10 Reference Tables (A) and (B) (attached to the main component symbol description) The driving method of the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment will be described. The liquid crystal display element to be driven is a liquid crystal display element as described with reference to Figs. 2 to 7 . These liquid crystal display elements are provided with display portions as shown in Fig. 2(B). Further, the upper substrate side of the liquid crystal cell for division is defined as the region shown in Fig. 2(C). In the driving method of the embodiment, one frame is set to 16.7 ms, and is divided into three 58 (581 to 563) each having 5.571118. Then, the first 31118 of each 58 is used as a blank period, and the remaining 2.57 ms is used as the light-emitting period. Table (A) shows a table in which a voltage is applied/not applied to the liquid crystal cell for display (the drive unit is a two-layer structure when the liquid crystal cell for display is used), and each 20 corresponds to the point shown in the second (B) figure. The electrodes of 88a~88u and 89. In the table, "ON" indicates that voltage is applied to SB1 to SB3, and "OFF" indicates that no voltage is applied to SB1 to SB3. In the electrode corresponding to the 20 points 88a to 88u, the voltage is applied to the electrodes corresponding to the eight points of the points 88a to 88e, 88j, 88p and 88u, and the corresponding applied voltage 37 1358567 is corrected and replaced by the 100.8.23. The dots of the electrodes are connected to form an "L" shape and a voltage is applied to the electrode corresponding to the segment 89 of the display "ST", and the dot forming the "L" shape and the segment "ST" are the display regions, and the remaining display regions are excluded. The point and background area are non-display areas. 5 Table (B) is a table for applying/not applying voltage to the liquid crystal cell for area division, turning off the multi-color front light, and turning off the multi-color backlight. Each of the electrodes corresponding to the regions 86 and 87 shown in Fig. 2(C) shows a case where a voltage is applied/not applied to the liquid crystal cell for division. The "ON" column of the "Division of liquid crystal cells for area division" indicates that a voltage is applied to the corresponding 10 electrodes in the SB, and "OFF" indicates that no voltage is applied to the corresponding electrode in the SB. In addition, in the multi-color front and multi-color backlight columns, "ON" indicates lighting, and "OFF" indicates that the light is off, and the "ON" side bracket has a lighting color. Also, the two light sources will not light at the same time. Further, the switching of the liquid crystal layers of the multi-color front light, the multi-color backlight, and the liquid crystal cell for area division is synchronized using a synchronization circuit. Thereby, the mixing of the illumination light of the display portion can be avoided. Referring to line SB1, in SB1, blue light is emitted from the multi-color front light 66, and the multi-color backlight 56 is OFF'. No voltage is applied to both of the regions 86 and 87 of the liquid crystal cell for area division. Since the regions 86 and 87 of the liquid crystal cell for region division do not emit light, even if a voltage is applied to the electrode corresponding to the "L" shape of the liquid crystal cell for display and the segment showing "ST", the portions (display region) ) will not be displayed. On the other hand, the non-display area is incident with blue light from multi-color front light. 38 1358567 Application No. 95137884 100.8.23 Correction Replacement Please refer to line SB2. In SB2, the multi-color front light 66 is OFF, no light is emitted, and red light is emitted by the multi-color backlight 56. In the liquid crystal cell for area division, a voltage is applied to the electrode of the corresponding region 86 without applying a voltage to the region 87. The region 86 of the liquid crystal cell for dividing the region emits red light, and the region 87 does not emit light. Further, the region 86 is defined corresponding to the formation positions of the electrodes of the points 88a to 88u, and the light emitted from the region 86 is used for the display points 88a to 88u. Therefore, the dot forming the "L" shape of the display liquid crystal cell to which the voltage is applied is displayed by the red light emitted from the region 86. 10 Please refer to line SB3. In SB3, the multi-color front light 66 is OFF, no light is emitted, and yellow light is emitted by the multi-color backlight 56. In the liquid crystal cell for area division, a voltage is applied to the electrode of the corresponding region 86, and a voltage is applied to the region 87. The area 87 of the liquid crystal cell for area division emits yellow light, and the area 15 86 does not emit light. Further, the region 87 is defined by the position at which the electrode of the segment 89 is formed, and the light emitted from the region 87 is used for the display segment 89. Therefore, the segment "ST" of the display liquid crystal cell to which the voltage is applied is displayed by the yellow light emitted from the region 87. When the inventors drive the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment 20 by the driving method shown in Tables (A) and (B), 'in the display portion as shown in the second (B), the dot "L" is red. The display "ST" is displayed in yellow, and the other parts (non-display area) are displayed in blue. In the driving method of the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment, the multi-color front light 66 is turned on at SB 1 to display the non-display area. Further, in SB2 and SB3, the modification of the 100.8.23 application of No. 95137884 is replaced by the illumination of the display area. Since the lights of the sen, 562, and SB3 are set to blue, red, and yellow, respectively, the non-display area can be displayed in blue, and the display area can be displayed in red and yellow. Since the light of any color can be emitted from the multi-color front light and the multi-color backlight, the display area 5 and the non-display area can simultaneously display different colors. In addition, as seen in the embodiment, the display of the complex colors can be achieved in the display area. For example, if only three SBs for display area display are set, and the &SB emits light of different colors by the multi-color backlight%, the display area can be displayed with three colors. Therefore, each display unit can be displayed in a different color according to the number of display units. Further, in the case where, for example, the liquid crystal cell is a black matrix, the background area can be displayed in black by the multicolor moonlight lamp at all SBs. Further, in one of the display units (e.g., one of the points), the display unit can be displayed in black by using the synchronization circuit control so that the illumination light is not displayed at all SBs. Therefore, when one frame is divided into n SBs 15 including SB for non-display area display, n+1 colors including non-display area colors can also be displayed. Moreover, since each display unit and background area is displayed from the light source only at the time of at least one SB, color separation can be prevented. Further, it can be understood from the driving method described with reference to Tables (A) and (B) that the liquid crystal cell for display does not necessarily need to use a liquid crystal cell which can respond to the light emission 20 of the light source at a high speed. Therefore, for example, since the dot display unit driven by the pure matrix can be used, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. On the other hand, since the liquid crystal cell for area division requires high-speed response, it is preferable to use a low duty ratio, and it is preferable to perform static driving. Since the liquid crystal cell has a smaller number of pixels than the liquid crystal cell for display, 40 1358567, No. 95137884, the application of 100.8.23 is replaced by a static drive unit. Further, the display liquid crystal cell, the area dividing liquid crystal cell, the multi-color front light, and the multi-color backlight do not need to be all synchronized. 5, the present invention will be described by way of examples, but the invention is not limited thereto. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, combinations and the like can be made thereto. Industrial Applicability The present invention can be utilized as a composite liquid crystal display element of a segment type, a full-point type, a segment display, and a dot display, and a method of driving the same. 10 [Brief Description of the Drawings] The first (A) to (C) drawings are for explaining the liquid crystal display device of the Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-118870. The second (A) to (C) drawings are for explaining a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal display element of an embodiment which will be described in detail with reference to Figs. 3 to 7 . Fig. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing an exploded view of the liquid crystal display element of the first embodiment. Fig. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing an exploded perspective view of the liquid crystal display element of the second embodiment. Fig. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing an exploded perspective view of the liquid crystal display element of the third embodiment. Fig. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing an exploded perspective view of the liquid crystal display element of the fourth embodiment. Fig. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing an exploded perspective view of the liquid crystal display element of the fifth embodiment. 41 1358567 Application No. 95137884 100.8.23 Correction and Replacement Figs. 8(A) to (C) are diagrams schematically showing an exploded perspective view showing an internal configuration example of a liquid crystal display element which can adjust the color tone of a non-display area. The ninth (A) and (B) drawings are exploded perspective views showing an example of the internal structure of a liquid crystal display element in which the color of the dot or the segment can be adjusted. 5 Fig. 10(A) is an exploded perspective view schematically showing an internal configuration example of a liquid crystal display element capable of performing FS driving, and Fig. 10(B) is a plan view showing a display portion of the liquid crystal display element. Fig. 11 is a timing chart showing an example of display control of a liquid crystal display element using the FS driving method. 10 Fig. 12 is a timing chart for explaining the liquid crystal driving method of the aforementioned application. [Description of main component symbols] 30...display portion 54b...lower polarizing plates 31 to 37...display unit 54c...upper color polarizing plate 38...background region 54d...lower color polarizing plate 50a ...the upper substrate 54e...the upper linear polarizing plate 50b...the lower substrate 54f...the central linear polarizing plate 5 la...the upper glass substrate 54g...the upper 1/4 wavelength plate 51b...the lower glass substrate 54h... Center 1⁄4 wavelength plate 52a... Upper side transparent electrode 54i... Center polarizing plate 52b... Lower side transparent electrode 55... Liquid crystal layer 53a... Upper side alignment film 56... Multicolor backlight 53b. .. lower side alignment film 57... white backlight 54a... upper side polarizing plate 58... phase difference plate 42 1358567 Patent No. 95137884 Application 100.8.23 Correction replacement 59... Black film 60.. Area 泸, color film 60 .. .red part 60g...green part 60b...blue part 60w.··white part 66.. multicolor front light 67.. polarization separation penetration, reflector 68...applying voltage mechanism 69. . D-BEF 70...compensation unit 71.. drive unit 72.. phase difference plate 73.. broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film 75.. backlight synchronous drive circuit 76.. display liquid crystal unit 77.. Liquid crystal for area division 78.. Synchronization circuits 81 to 87... Areas 88a to 88u... Point 89.. Section 90...Background area 43 1358567 (νΐ 〇*» ee ga oo OO g OO 90 U- Li. V9 OO oo LL. LL·- w oo oo Lt. o cr oo eo U. U- o ca. oo eo 2: o cs eo oo u. o ε oo oo U- o oo oo LL- U. o oe οσ Lk^. LLm, o eo oo g eo oo Ul. U_ o JS <90 ee 〇oo oe oo u. 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