1355967 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種萃取植物等包含有水分或 脂之物質的方法及其裝置，更詳而言之，特別係指 種於密閉系統中，利用微波加熱以及惰性氣體由上 下導引，進行植物精油及精露萃取的方法及其裝置。 【先前技術】 在高度重視速度與效率的今天，高效、簡便的 離萃取方式已成為主要實施方向。習知廣為運用的 取方法’主要包含有利用由下向上之高溫蒸氣進行 取之水蒸氣蒸餾法、以及索氏萃取法（Soxh let )等 這些萃取方法在萃取不同的原料及樣品，都有其所 長之處。然而，水蒸氣蒸館法常因加熱溫度不夠， 致蒸氣升至半空，即因熱量消散而先行冷凝成水滴 致使無法完全夾帶原料之揮發物質進行冷凝，因此 取效率不佳’且使用大量水分進行萃取易導致所得 萃取物純度降低；索氏萃取法則具有費時、再現性 、以及需要使用有機溶劑等缺點。 隨著科學技術不斷發展，新的萃取技術例如超 波萃取法、超臨界萃取法等亦隨之出現，這些萃取 法在萃取不同的原料及樣品上亦有其擅長之處，然 超音波萃取方法必須使用到大量的有機溶劑，且萃 時間耗費較長；而超臨界萃取法雖然所需要萃取時 較少，但其設備係使用熱傳導之間接加熱方式，熱 油 往 分 萃 萃 ， 擅 導 9 萃 之 差 音 方 而 取 間 能 3 1355967 J用率偏低，且操作成本較高，故其應用亦受限制而 無法廣為應用。 過不斷研九之後，新的萃取技術興起--微波 萃取’其係將傳統萃取過程之熱源，改採由微波加熱 取代’以改善—般加熱過程中因熱傳導阻抗（Thermal resistance effpr+、_ t)所造成的熱董損失’進而提升加 熱效果。1355967 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for extracting a substance containing water or fat, such as a plant, and more particularly, in a closed system, A method and apparatus for extracting plant essential oils and extracts by microwave heating and inert gas are guided from above and below. [Prior Art] With the emphasis on speed and efficiency, efficient and simple extraction methods have become the main implementation direction. The widely used method of 'study' mainly includes the use of the steam distillation method using the high-temperature steam from the bottom up, and the Soxhlet extraction method to extract different raw materials and samples, all of which have their strengths. Where. However, the steam steaming method is often caused by insufficient heating temperature, causing the vapor to rise to the air, that is, the condensation is firstly condensed into water droplets due to heat dissipation, so that the volatile substances that cannot completely entrain the raw materials are condensed, so the efficiency is not good, and a large amount of water is used. Extraction tends to reduce the purity of the resulting extract; Soxhlet extraction has the disadvantages of time consuming, reproducible, and the need to use organic solvents. With the continuous development of science and technology, new extraction techniques such as super-wave extraction and supercritical extraction have also appeared. These extraction methods also have their advantages in extracting different raw materials and samples. Ultrasonic extraction methods A large amount of organic solvent must be used, and the extraction time is relatively long; while the supercritical extraction method requires less extraction, the equipment is thermally coupled and heated, and the hot oil is extracted. The difference between the sound and the band 3 1355967 J is low, and the operating cost is high, so its application is also limited and cannot be widely applied. After the gradual research and development, the new extraction technology emerged - microwave extraction 'the heat source of the traditional extraction process, replaced by microwave heating' to improve the heat conduction resistance (Thermal resistance effpr+, _ t) The resulting heat loss - and thus the heating effect.
然而及至目前為止 取設備底部的水層或有 後進行蒸餾法萃取，並 萃取費時、操作複雜、 其純度、以及需使用大 對現行傳統萃取方法中 有效率的實施方式。 ’該項技術大都著重於加熱萃 機溶劑’藉其產生高溫水蒸氣 無法直接解決傳統萃取方法中 萃取物因含有大量水分而降低 量溶劑等缺失，據此，仍需針 利用微波加熱之缺點，提供更 【發明内容】However, up to now, the water layer at the bottom of the equipment has been subjected to distillation extraction, and the extraction time-consuming, complicated operation, purity, and efficient use of the conventional conventional extraction methods are required. 'This technology is mostly focused on heating the solvent of the extraction machine'. By using it to generate high-temperature steam, it cannot directly solve the problem that the extract in the traditional extraction method is reduced in solvent due to the large amount of water. Therefore, the disadvantage of using microwave heating is still needed. Provide more [invention content]
本案發明人從童4。η 攸畢相關領域之研究與發展多年，有 L於省知之萃取方法及其萃取效果不佳，纟案發明人 遂本著多年從事相關領域之研發經驗，針對前述之缺 失深入探討，並依褕 W則述之需求積極尋求解決之道，在 經過長期努力之研贫盥、b, ^ W九與〉則試之後，終於完成本發明。 緣此，本發明之 波加熱及氣體進行植 置’以期使達到操作 萃取效率更佳之多重 主要目的，在於提供一種利用微 物精油及精露萃取之方法及其裝 簡單容易、萃取加熱溫度更高、 效益，同時得避免於萃取過程形 4 1355967 成局部熱點（Hot spot )，造成待萃取 乾栝及焦炭化之窘況。 因向溫產生 依據上述之目的，本發明所提供的利 及氣體進行植物精油及精露萃取之裝置，主要勺；加熱 微波產生裝置，主要設置有微波發射源包=波產 生裝置内側形成一加熱空間，加熱空間 π女4 上、下側開 §又有連通於微波產生裝置外部之接設口。 ^取槽，為-由对熱玻璃、陶竞或石英等材質所 製成之中空雙口容器’其頂部設置有一導入口 ， ’履邵 設置有一連通口；萃取槽係經由微波產生裝置之上側 接設口而置於加熱空間，萃取槽之連通口係置於下側 接設口；待萃取物係放置於萃取槽内。 蓋體，其開設有一連通口以及至少—可供設置熱 柄計（或溫度計）的熱麵計嵌入口’蓋體外緣表面設 置有一墊圈部；蓋體係設置於萃取槽之導入口處。 氣體供應裝置，係透過一接設於蓋體之連通口的 進氣管，用以供輸一般空氣或惰性氣體例如氡、氦等 送入萃取槽中。 冷凝裝置，具有一萃取收集口；冷凝裝置係透過 一接設於萃取槽之連通口的連通管，用以導弓丨待萃取 物之揮發物質進入其中，進行冷凝作用 於前述之萃取槽内，更設置有一金屬或鐵弗龍材 質製成之支撐纟，以及-金屬材質裝成之排氣管體’ 所述支撐座之外徑約同於萃取槽内根，支標座中心設 5 1355967 置有一接設孔，表面並開設有流通孔，支撐座外緣則 係切設形成具有複數邊緣及導角之多邊型態樣；所述 排氣管體為一中空管體，其·外緣表面開設有氣孔，底 端並設置有接設部；該排氣管體係透過接設部結合於 支撐座之接設孔而置放於萃取槽中，排氣管體一端係 接設連通於蓋體之連通口，另一端係透過結合於支撐 座而形成密閉態樣。 配合上述裝置，本發明所提供的利用微波加熱及 氣體進行萃取之方法，主要包含以下步驟·· 備料：將單一或複數之萃取槽設置於微波產生裝 置，將待萃取物（諸如含有少量水分和油脂的植物組 織（花、葉或其枝幹），或是中草藥等）置於萃取槽 内，萃取槽上端開口設置蓋體，蓋體並接設一連接氣 體供應裝置之進氣管，萃取槽下端開口接設一連接至 冷凝裝置之連通管。 進氣：開啟氣體供應裝置，使以1 0 0至2 1 0 KPa壓力輸出之氣體經由進氣管由上往下進入萃取槽 内，再引導至連通管排出。 加溫：開啟微波產生裝置，利用無分段連續功率 施行連續微波加熱處理，對萃取槽内之待萃取物進行 微波加熱5至1 5 0分鐘，此時輸入萃取槽内之氣體 係持續由上往下流動，藉以將待萃取物之揮發物質帶 至連通管。 冷凝：將待萃取物之揮發成分隨著氣體流至冷凝 6 1355967 裝置進行冷凝作用；再以一收集槽收集經由冷凝作用 形成之萃取物即完成。 為期使對於本發明之目的、功效以及構造特徵能 有更詳細明確的瞭解，茲舉出如下述之較佳實施例並 配合圖式說明如後。 【實施方式】 請參閱第一圖。其係為本發明所述利用微波加熱 及氣體進行萃取之裝置的立體示意圖。 如圖所示，本發明所述利用微波及氣體萃取植物 精露之裝置，主要包含有一微波產生裝置（10)、 單一或複數個萃取槽（11)及其蓋體（12)、排 氣管體（13)與支撐座（14)，以及氣體供應裝 置（20)、進氣管（21)、進氣控制閥（22) 、連通管（23)、冷凝裝置（24)與收集槽（2 5 )。 微波產生裝置（10)，主要設置有一個或複數 個微波發射源，並於微波產生裝置（1 0 )内側形成 一加熱空間（1 0 0 )，加熱空間（1 0 0 )之上、 下側開設有複數個相互對應且連通於微波產生裝置（ 10)外部的接設口 （101)及（102);所述 之微波加熱裝置（1 0 )主要係利用無分段連續功率 施行連續微波加熱處理，其微波頻率係設置在9 1 5 M Hz或2 4 5 0 M Hz，微波功率則係設置為1 0 0 W 至1 5 0 0 W，據此條件對加熱空間（1 〇 〇 )進行 7 1355967 微波加熱處理。 萃取槽（1 1 )，係利用耐高溫之玻璃 陶瓷材質所製成之中空雙口容器，其頂部開 入口 （ 1 1 0 )，導入口 （ 1 1 0 )外緣係 環形突部（1 1 2 )，萃取槽（1 1 )底部 形成為一漏斗態樣，並開設有一連通口 （ 1 參閱第二圖所示）；萃取槽（1 1 )係經由 裝置（10)之接設口 （101)置入加熱 0 0)，並利用該萃取槽（1 1 )之環形突 2 )卡制於接設口 （ 1 0 1 )周緣定位，萃 1 )之連通口（ 1 1 1 )則係放置於接設口 )處。 蓋體（1 2 )，係利用金屬或鐵弗龍（ 等材質所製成，蓋體（1 2 )開設有一連通 0 )和至少一個可用以放置溫度計或熱耦計 coupler)之叙入口 （ 1 2 2 )，蓋體（1 2 面並設置有一墊圈部（121);該蓋體（ 設置於萃取槽（11)之導入口 （110) 圈部（121)抵固於導入口 （110)之 進行定位。 排氣管體（13)，為一金屬材質之中 其外緣表面處開設有複數個氣孔（1 3 0 ) 體（1 3 )底端設置有螺接部（1 3 1 )。 支撐座（1 4 )，係利用金屬或鐵弗龍 、石英或 設有一導 延伸形成 則係收縮 1 1 )( 微波產生 空間（1 部（1 1 取槽（1 (10 2 Teflon ) 口（ 1 2 (Thermal )外緣表 1 2 )係 ，利用墊 内緣壁而 空管體， ，排氣管 等材質所 8 1355967 製成，支撐座（1 4 )之徑長約與萃取槽（1 1 )内 徑相同，撐座中心設置有一螺接孔（1 4 0 )，其表 面並開設有複數之流通孔（1 4 1 )，支撐座（1 4 )之外緣則係經由設計而切設出具有複數邊緣及導角 ，形成多邊型之態樣者（參閱第三圖所示）。 前述之排氣管體（1 3 )係利用其螺接部（1 3 . 1 )螺接鎖固於支撐座（1 4)之螺接孔（1 40) ，再將支撐座（14)置於萃取槽（1 1)中，使排 • 氣管體（1 3 )得以定位在萃取槽（1 1 )内，排氣 管體（1 3) —端係接設連通蓋體（1 2)之連通口 (120)，另一端則係透過鎖設於支撐座（14) 而形成封閉之態樣。 - 氣體供應裝置（20)與進氣管（21)，該進氣 . 管（2 1) —端係接設氣體供應裝置（20)，另一端 則接設至前述蓋體（12)之連通口 （120)，用以 將氣體供應裝置（2 0 )產生之氣體輸送至萃取槽（1 # 1)中，其中，該氣體供應裝置（20)所供輸之氣體 可為一般空氣，惟考量到一般空氣中包含的氧在高溫時 • 之氧化特性，可能會影響萃取物質成份之穩定性，故選 用氮（N2)、氦（He )等惰性氣體係為較佳者。 進氣控制閥（2 2 )，係接設於進氣管（2 1 )之 適當處，用以偵測進氣管（2 1 )内之氣體流量壓力， 並適時進行調控。 連通管（23)與冷凝裝置（24)，該連通管（ 23)係接設於萃取槽（11)之連通口（111)， 9 1355967 用以導引萃取物質進入冷凝裝置（24)，所述之冷凝 裝置（2 4)大致為一冷凝管結構，其係透過循環冷凝 液持續對冷凝裝置（2 4 )内部進行冷卻作用，以達到 冷凝效果，其操作之冷凝溫度範圍係設置為一2 0 °C至 1 5 °C，冷凝裝置（2 4 ) —端係形成萃取收集口 （ 2 4 0)° 前述之連通管（2 3 )係對應萃取槽（1 1 )之設 置數量，如採用複數之萃取槽（1 1)時，可配合使用 一多通管（2 3 0)將與萃取槽（1 1 )接設之連通管 (23)匯集，再一併引導至冷凝裝置（24)。 收集槽（25)，為一單口之容器，置於冷凝裝 置（24)的萃取收集口 （240)處，用以盛置收 集經由冷凝裝置（1 7 )冷凝後形成之萃取物。 本發明所述的利用微波加熱及氣體進行萃取之裝 置，係將排氣管體（1 3 )與支撐座（1 4 )先行結 合，並置入萃取槽（1 1)内，由於支撐座（1 4) 外緣係設計為具有複數邊緣及導角的多邊型態樣，故 置於萃取槽（1 1 )内時，支撐座（1 4 )得透過其 外緣導角抵住萃取槽（1 1 )内壁而形成定位效果， 同時與萃取槽（1 1 )内壁之間形成有預設之間隙， 而非直接貼合萃取槽（1 1 )内壁；復將單一或複數 個内部已設置有排氣管體（1 3)與支撐座（1 4) 之萃取槽（11)，經由微波產生裝置（10)之接 設口 （ 1 0 1 )而置入其加熱空間（1 0 0 )，將待 10 1355967 萃取物（3)置於萃取槽（1 1)内部的支撐座（1 4)上，將蓋體（1 2)設置於萃取槽（1 1)之導 入口 （110)處，使排氣管體（13)接設蓋體（ 12)之連通口 （120)而形成連通狀，再利用蓋 體（12)之墊圈部（121)使蓋體（12)得抵 固萃取槽（1 1)内緣壁而緊密塞住萃取槽（1 1) . 之導入口 （110):之後利用進氣管（21)連接 於氣體供應裝置（2 0)與蓋體（1 2)之連通口 （ • 12 0)，透過進氣控制閥（22)調整氣體供應裝 置（20)進氣流量和壓力，連通管（23)接設於 各萃取槽（11)之連通口 （111)，用以導引萃 取物質進入冷凝裝置（2 4 )，收集槽（2 5 )則係 - 置於冷凝裝置（24)之萃取收集口 （240)處， .. 形成本發明所述之萃取裝置。 本發明所述的利用微波加熱及氣體進行萃取之方 法，主要係透過以下步驟逐步進行萃取製程： ®. 一、備料：將設置有排氣管體（13)及支撐座 (14)的萃取槽（11)，設置於微波產生裝置（ 1 0 )之加熱空間（1 0 0 )中，將待萃取物（3 ) (諸如含有少量水分和油脂的植物組織（花、葉或其 枝幹），或是中草藥等）置於萃取槽（11)内，再 以蓋體（1 2)密封，氣體供應裝置（20)與蓋體 (1 2 )連通口 （ 1 2 0 )之間係以進氣管（2 1 ) 相連接，並以連通管（23)及多通管（230)連 11 1355967 接各萃取槽（1 1)之連通口 （1 1 1)與冷凝裝置 (24)。 二、 進氣：開啟氣體供應裝置（2 0 )輸出一般 空氣或惰性氣體，使其經由進氣管（2 1 )採由上往 下方式持續進入排氣管體（1 3 )中，透過排氣管體 (1 3 )之複數氣孔（1 3 0 )，將一般空氣或惰性 氣體排散至萃取槽（1 1)内；當萃取槽（1 1)内 的空氣或惰性氣體之壓力持續增加時，據由壓力差， 是以空氣或惰性氣體得克服與待萃取物和萃取槽（1 1 )管壁之間因摩擦作用所造成的水頭損失，因而經 由支撐座（1 4 )之流通孔（1 4 1 )、以及支撐座 (1 4 )與萃取槽（1 1 )内壁之間形成的間隙進行 排散，據此被引導至萃取槽（1 1 )的連通口 （ 1 1 1 )而隨連通管（2 3 )排出，同時據由勒沙特列原 理所述：「當平衡系統受外加因素破壞時，系統會朝 抵消此一因素的方向前進。」，是以將待萃取物的揮 發成分一併帶出並引導至萃取槽（1 1 )的連通口 （ 1 1 1)而隨連通管（23)排出。其中，輸入排氣 管體（1 3 )之一般空氣或惰性氣體的流量壓力，係 藉由進氣控制閥（2 2)而調整約為1 1 0至2 1 0 K P a 者。。 三、 加溫：開啟微波產生裝置（1 0 )，對加熱 空間（100)進行5至50分鐘的加熱程序，5分 鐘後加熱空間中的溫度即升高至1 0 0至1 1 5 °C ， 12 1355967 藉以將萃取槽（1 1 )中待萃取物（3)的揮發成分 分離出來。在進行微波加熱的過程中，可於蓋體（1 2 )上插置κ-τΥΡε或R-Type的熱耦計（Thermai coup 1 er ) ’藉以量測萃取槽（1 1 )内部不同位置及 深度之表觀溫度（APParent temPerature)，由於萃 取槽（1 1)中的空氣或惰性氣體係透過排氣管體（ 1 3 )持續採由内而外、由上往下之流動方式，以及 得利用排氣管體（1 3 )之金屬材質將微波均勻反射 ’因此能夠避免萃取槽（1 1 )中形成局部熱點，造 成待萃取物因高溫產生乾枯及焦炭化之窘況。 四、冷凝：待萃取物（3 )的揮發成分在經過加 熱分離出來之後’即會跟隨流動之空氣或惰性氣體， 經由支樓座（1 4)之流通孔（1 4 1 )以及支撐座 (1 4 )與萃取槽（1 1 )内壁之間形成的間隙，引 導至萃取槽（I1)之連通口（111)，並隨著連 通s (2 3)匯聚至冷凝裝置（24)内，經由冷凝 作用形成液態狀之萃取物，再利用收集槽（2 5 )收 集由萃取收集口 （24〇)流出之萃取物，即完成本 發明之萃取過程。 、歸納如前所述之構造及實施方法，以及發明人完 成之撰述與實驗結果可知，本發明誠然具有如下所述 之效益： 本發明係利用微波加熱的方式進行萃取，不但設 備操作簡單，無須經過預熱過程即可直接且快速 13 進行高溫加熱的動作，且能視萃取效果而隨時停 止或繼續加熱，控制容易。 '本發明在微波加熱過程中，得利用由上往下灌人 萃取槽内的惰性氣體或空氣，將待萃取物中較其 揮發成分之沸點更高的色素物質一併帶出萃取槽 ’使萃取所得之萃取物包含有色素物質而形成有 顏色狀，相較於習知使用水蒸氣進行蒸餾萃取方 式所得的萃取物呈現透明狀，具有更高之經濟敦 益。 3 、本發明係利用由上往下灌入萃取槽内的惰性氣體 ，藉以完全夹帶經萃取出之揮發物質，並引導兮 些揮發物質匯聚於連通管而送至冷凝裝置進行A 凝作用，以及利用排氣管體之金屬材質將微波土句 勻反射，除能夠避免於萃取槽中形成局部熱點， 造成待萃取物因高溫產生乾枯及焦炭化之宴況， 同時亦能夠避免產生如習知利用水蒸氣由下往上 進行萃取方式’水蒸氣升至半空時因熱量逐漸消 散而先行冷凝成水滴’而無法完全夹帶揮發物質 至冷凝作用之情況’大幅提昇萃取之效果。 4 、本發明所得之萃取物與利用習知萃取方式萃取出 的萃取物，經由人類感s氣味品評法，以及使用 氣相層析一質譜儀（GC— MS)針對萃取物質 之已知主要成份（Major Constitutions)進行定 性/定量分析比較後’可發現本發明所得之萃取 14 1355967 物的芳香物質，其香氣和已知主要成份強度係 習知方法所萃取之萃取物更高達3 0 0至6 0 倍，亦即利用本發明所得之萃取物的濃度更高 效果更佳。 5 、本發明可藉由複數個萃取槽同時進行萃取，利 微波加熱產生之高溫，故能縮短萃取時間，提 萃取量，大幅提昇萃取效率，且能提高能源利 效率，達到節能減碳的功效。 6 、本發明所進行的萃取過程中，未使用任何有機 劑或人工合成的化學物質，係屬於能符合環保 念的綠色萃取新發明技術。 本發明在同類領域中，具有極佳之進步性及實 性，同時查遍國内外關於此類架構之技術資訊文獻 亦未發現有相同近似之構造存在於先，應已符合『 作性』、『合於產業利用性』、『新穎性』以及『 步性』的專利要件，爰依法提出申請。 惟，以上所述者僅係本發明之較佳實施例而已 故舉凡應用本專利說明書以及申請專利範圍所為之 他等效方法結構變化者，均屬可行，理應包含在本 明之申請專利範圍内。 較 0 用 升 用 溶 理 用 5 創 進 其 發 15 1355967 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係為本發明所述之萃取裝置的立體示意圖。 第二圖係為本發明萃取槽之側面剖視示意圖。 第三圖係為本發明萃取槽之俯面剖視示意圖。 主要元件符號說明 10· 10 0 10 1 10 2 11· 110 111 1 1 2 12· 1 2 0 12 1 1 2 2 13· 13 0 微波產生裝置； 加熱空間；接設口；接設口； 萃取槽；導入口；連通口； 環形突部； 蓋體；連通口； 墊圈部； 熱耦計嵌入口； 排氣管體； 氣孔； 14 14 14 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 4 2 4 0 0 0 • · · · 螺接部， 支撐座； 螺接孔， 流通孔； 氣體供應裝置 進氣管； 進氣控制閥； 連通管； 多通管； 冷凝裝置； 萃取收集口； 收集槽； 待萃取物； 16The inventor of this case has been from the child 4. The research and development of η 攸 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关 相关The demand described by W is actively seeking solutions. After long-term efforts to study poverty, b, ^W and 〉, the invention has finally been completed. Accordingly, the wave heating and gas implantation of the present invention are intended to achieve a plurality of operational extraction efficiencys. The main purpose of the invention is to provide a method for extracting micro-oil essential oils and extracts, which is simple and easy to install, and has a higher extraction heating temperature. At the same time, it is avoided that the extraction process forms 4 1355967 into a hot spot, which causes the coke and coke to be extracted. According to the above purpose, the present invention provides a device for extracting essential oils and extracts of plants, and a main spoon; a heating microwave generating device, which is mainly provided with a microwave emitting source package; a heating device is formed inside the wave generating device to form a heating Space, heating space π female 4 upper and lower sides open § and there is a connection port connected to the outside of the microwave generating device. ^The trough is a hollow double-ported container made of materials such as hot glass, pottery or quartz. The inlet is provided with an inlet, and the shaft is provided with a communication port; the extraction tank is connected to the microwave generating device. The upper side is connected to the heating space, and the communication port of the extraction tank is placed at the lower connection port; the to-be-extracted material is placed in the extraction tank. The cover body has a communication port and at least a hot surface meter insertion opening for the thermal handle (or thermometer). The outer surface of the cover is provided with a gasket portion; the cover system is disposed at the introduction port of the extraction tank. The gas supply means is provided through an intake pipe connected to the communication port of the cover body for feeding ordinary air or an inert gas such as helium, neon or the like into the extraction tank. The condensing device has an extraction collection port; the condensing device is connected through a communication pipe connected to the communication port of the extraction tank for guiding the volatile matter of the extract to be introduced therein, and performing condensation on the extraction tank. Further, a support raft made of metal or Teflon material, and an exhaust pipe body made of metal material are provided. The outer diameter of the support seat is about the same as the inner root of the extraction tank, and the center of the support base is set to 5 1355967. There is a connecting hole, and a flow hole is formed on the surface, and the outer edge of the support seat is cut to form a polygonal shape having a plurality of edges and a guide angle; the exhaust pipe body is a hollow pipe body, and the outer edge thereof The surface is provided with a venting hole, and the bottom end is provided with a connecting portion; the exhaust pipe system is placed in the extraction groove through the connecting portion and the connecting hole of the supporting seat, and one end of the exhaust pipe body is connected to the cover The communication port of the body and the other end form a sealed state by being coupled to the support base. In combination with the above apparatus, the method for extracting by microwave heating and gas provided by the present invention mainly comprises the following steps: preparing a single or multiple extraction tanks in a microwave generating device, such as containing a small amount of moisture and The plant tissue (flower, leaf or branch thereof) of the oil or fat, or Chinese herbal medicine, etc. is placed in the extraction tank, and the upper end of the extraction tank is provided with a cover body, and the cover body is connected with an air inlet pipe connecting the gas supply device, the extraction tank The lower end opening is connected to a communication pipe connected to the condensing device. Intake air: The gas supply device is turned on, so that the gas output at a pressure of 100 to 210 kPa enters the extraction tank from the top to the bottom through the intake pipe, and is then led to the communication pipe for discharge. Heating: The microwave generating device is turned on, and the continuous microwave heating treatment is performed by using no segmented continuous power, and the to-be-extracted material in the extraction tank is heated by microwave for 5 to 150 minutes, and the gas system input into the extraction tank continues from above. Flowing down to bring the volatile matter of the extract to the communicating tube. Condensation: The volatile component of the extract to be extracted is condensed with the gas flowing to the condensing unit 6 1355967; and the extract formed by condensation is collected in a collecting tank. For a more detailed and detailed understanding of the purpose, the <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; [Embodiment] Please refer to the first figure. It is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus for extracting by microwave heating and gas according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the apparatus for extracting plant extract by microwave and gas according to the present invention mainly comprises a microwave generating device (10), a single or a plurality of extraction tanks (11) and a cover body (12) thereof, and an exhaust pipe. Body (13) and support base (14), and gas supply device (20), intake pipe (21), intake control valve (22), communication pipe (23), condensing device (24) and collecting tank (2) 5). The microwave generating device (10) is mainly provided with one or a plurality of microwave emitting sources, and forms a heating space (1 0 0 ) inside the microwave generating device (10), above and below the heating space (1 0 0) a plurality of connection ports (101) and (102) corresponding to each other and connected to the outside of the microwave generating device (10); the microwave heating device (10) mainly uses continuous microwave heating without segmental continuous power For processing, the microwave frequency is set at 9 1 5 M Hz or 2 4 5 0 M Hz, and the microwave power is set to 1 0 0 W to 1 500 W, according to which the heating space (1 〇〇) is performed. 7 1355967 Microwave heat treatment. The extraction tank (1 1 ) is a hollow double-mouthed container made of a high-temperature resistant glass ceramic material, and has a top opening (1 1 0), and an outer edge of the inlet (1 1 0) is an annular protrusion (1 1 2), the bottom of the extraction tank (1 1 ) is formed into a funnel state, and a communication port is opened (1 is shown in the second figure); the extraction tank (1 1 ) is connected through the connection port of the device (10) ( 101) placing heating 0 0), and using the annular protrusion 2 of the extraction tank (1 1 ) to be clamped to the periphery of the connection port (1 0 1 ), and the connection port (1 1 1 ) of the extraction 1) is Place it at the connection port). The cover body (1 2 ) is made of metal or Teflon (the material is made of a material such that the cover body (1 2 ) has a connection 0) and at least one can be used to place a thermometer or a coupler (the coupler) 1 2 2), the lid body (1 2 surface is provided with a gasket portion (121); the lid body (the inlet portion (110) provided at the inlet (110) of the extraction tank (11) is fixed to the inlet port (110) The exhaust pipe body (13) is a metal material having a plurality of air holes (1 3 0) at the outer edge surface thereof. The body (1 3) is provided with a screw portion (1 3 1 ) at the bottom end. The support base (1 4 ) is made of metal or Teflon, quartz or with a guide extension to form a contraction 1 1 ) (Microwave generation space (1 part (1 1 trough (1 (10 2 Teflon) mouth ( 1 2 (Thermal) outer edge table 1 2) is made of the material of the inner wall of the pad, the empty pipe body, the exhaust pipe, etc. 8 1355967, the diameter of the support seat (1 4 ) is about the extraction tank (1) 1) The inner diameter is the same, the center of the support is provided with a screw hole (1 4 0 ), and a plurality of flow holes (1 4 1 ) are opened on the surface thereof, and the outer edge of the support seat (1 4 ) is via A plurality of edges and lead angles are formed to form a polygonal type (see the third figure). The aforementioned exhaust pipe body (13) utilizes a screwing portion (13.1) The screw is fixed to the screw hole (1 40) of the support seat (14), and then the support seat (14) is placed in the extraction tank (1 1), so that the row and the gas tube body (13) can be positioned in the extraction. In the slot (1 1 ), the exhaust pipe body (13) is connected to the communication port (120) of the communication cover body (12), and the other end is closed by being locked to the support base (14). The gas supply device (20) and the intake pipe (21), the intake pipe (2 1) is connected to the gas supply device (20), and the other end is connected to the cover body ( 12) a communication port (120) for conveying the gas generated by the gas supply device (20) into the extraction tank (1#1), wherein the gas supplied by the gas supply device (20) can be generally Air, only considering the oxygen contained in the general air at high temperatures • The oxidation characteristics may affect the stability of the extracted components. Therefore, the inert gas systems such as nitrogen (N2) and helium (He) are used. The intake control valve (2 2 ) is connected to the appropriate position of the intake pipe (2 1 ) to detect the gas flow pressure in the intake pipe (2 1 ) and to regulate it in a timely manner. a tube (23) and a condensing device (24) connected to the communication port (111) of the extraction tank (11), 9 1355967 for guiding the extracted material into the condensing device (24), The condensing device (24) is substantially a condensing pipe structure, which continuously circulates the inside of the condensing device (24) through the circulating condensate to achieve a condensation effect, and the condensing temperature range of the operation is set to a temperature of 20 °C to 15 °C, the condensing device (2 4 ) - the end of the formation of the extraction collection port (240 °) ° The aforementioned communication tube (2 3) is the corresponding number of the extraction tank (1 1), if the plural In the extraction tank (1 1), a communication pipe (23) connected to the extraction tank (1 1 ) can be collected by using a multi-pass pipe (230), and then guided to the condensing device (24). The collection tank (25) is a one-port container placed at the extraction collection port (240) of the condensing unit (24) for containing the extract formed by condensation after condensation through the condensing unit (17). The device for extracting by microwave heating and gas according to the present invention combines the exhaust pipe body (13) with the support base (14) and is placed in the extraction tank (1 1) due to the support seat ( 1 4) The outer edge is designed to have a polygonal shape with multiple edges and guide angles, so when placed in the extraction tank (1 1 ), the support seat (14) must pass through the outer edge of the guide angle against the extraction tank ( 1 1 ) the inner wall forms a positioning effect, and a predetermined gap is formed between the inner wall of the extraction tank (1 1 ), instead of directly fitting the inner wall of the extraction tank (1 1 ); the single or plural inner portions are already provided The exhaust pipe body (13) and the extraction tank (11) of the support base (1 4) are placed in the heating space (1 0 0 ) via the connection port (1 0 1 ) of the microwave generating device (10). The extract (3) to be 10 1355967 is placed on the support seat (14) inside the extraction tank (11), and the lid body (12) is placed at the introduction port (110) of the extraction tank (11). The exhaust pipe body (13) is connected to the communication port (120) of the cover body (12) to form a communication shape, and the cover portion (12) of the cover body (12) is used to abut the cover body (12) against the solid extraction groove. 1 1) The inner edge wall tightly plugs the extraction tank (1 1). The inlet (110): is then connected to the gas supply (20) and the lid (12) by means of the inlet pipe (21). Port ( • 12 0), the intake air flow rate and pressure of the gas supply device (20) are adjusted through the intake control valve (22), and the communication pipe (23) is connected to the communication port (111) of each extraction tank (11), The extracting material is introduced into the condensing device (24), and the collecting tank (25) is placed at the extraction collecting port (240) of the condensing device (24) to form the extraction device of the present invention. The method for extracting by microwave heating and gas according to the present invention mainly adopts the following steps to carry out the extraction process step by step: ®. 1. Preparation: an extraction tank provided with an exhaust pipe body (13) and a support base (14) (11), disposed in the heating space (100) of the microwave generating device (10), to be extracted (3) (such as plant tissues (flowers, leaves or branches thereof) containing a small amount of water and oil, Or Chinese herbal medicine, etc.) is placed in the extraction tank (11), and then sealed by the cover body (12), and the gas supply device (20) and the cover body (1 2) communication port (1 2 0) are connected with air intake The tubes (2 1 ) are connected, and the communication port (23) and the multi-pass tube (230) are connected to 11 1355967 to the communication port (1 1 1) of each extraction tank (11) and the condensing device (24). 2. Intake: The gas supply device (20) is turned on to output normal air or inert gas, and is continuously taken into the exhaust pipe body (13) through the intake pipe (2 1 ). a plurality of pores (1 3 0 ) of the gas pipe body (13), which discharges general air or inert gas into the extraction tank (11); when the pressure of the air or inert gas in the extraction tank (1 1) continues to increase At the time of the pressure difference, the head loss caused by the friction between the object to be extracted and the wall of the extraction tank (1 1 ) is overcome by air or an inert gas, and thus the flow hole is passed through the support seat (1 4 ). (1 4 1 ), and a gap formed between the support seat (14) and the inner wall of the extraction tank (1 1 ) is dissipated, thereby being guided to the communication port (1 1 1 ) of the extraction tank (1 1 ) Discharged with the connecting pipe (23), and according to the Le Chatelier principle: "When the balancing system is damaged by external factors, the system will advance in the direction of counteracting this factor." The components are taken out and guided to the communication port (1 1 1) of the extraction tank (1 1 ) and the connecting tube (23) discharge. Here, the flow pressure of the general air or inert gas input to the exhaust pipe body (13) is adjusted by the intake control valve (2 2) to be about 1 10 to 2 1 0 K P a . . 3. Heating: Turn on the microwave generating device (10), and heat the heating space (100) for 5 to 50 minutes. After 5 minutes, the temperature in the heating space rises to 100 to 1 15 °C. , 12 1355967 by which the volatile component of the extract (3) in the extraction tank (1 1 ) is separated. During the microwave heating process, a κ-τΥΡε or R-Type thermocouple meter (Thermai coup 1 er ) can be inserted into the cover body (1 2 ) to measure different positions inside the extraction tank (1 1 ) and The apparent temperature of the depth (Apparent temPerature), because the air or inert gas system in the extraction tank (1 1) continuously passes through the exhaust pipe body (13) from the inside to the outside, from top to bottom, and The metal material of the exhaust pipe body (13) is used to uniformly reflect the microwaves. Therefore, local hot spots can be avoided in the extraction tank (1 1 ), resulting in dryness and coke formation due to high temperature of the extract. 4. Condensation: After the volatile component of the extract (3) is separated by heating, it will follow the flowing air or inert gas, through the flow hole (1 4 1 ) of the support (14) and the support seat ( 1 4) a gap formed between the inner wall of the extraction tank (11), guided to the communication port (111) of the extraction tank (I1), and concentrated into the condensing device (24) with the communication s (23), via Condensation forms a liquid extract, and the extract from the extraction collection port (24〇) is collected by a collection tank (25) to complete the extraction process of the present invention. In summary, the construction and implementation method as described above, and the author's written and experimental results show that the present invention has the following benefits: The present invention utilizes microwave heating for extraction, which is not only simple to operate, but also unnecessary. After the preheating process, the high-temperature heating action can be performed directly and quickly, and the heating can be stopped or continued at any time depending on the extraction effect, and the control is easy. In the microwave heating process, the inert gas or air in the extraction tank is filled from the top to the bottom, and the pigment substance having a higher boiling point than the volatile component in the extract to be extracted is taken out of the extraction tank. The extract obtained by the extraction contains a pigment substance to form a color, and the extract obtained by the conventional distillation method using steam is transparent, and has a higher economic benefit. 3. The invention utilizes an inert gas which is poured into the extraction tank from top to bottom, thereby completely entraining the extracted volatile substances, and guiding the volatile substances to be concentrated in the communication tube and sent to the condensing device for A coagulation. And the metal material of the exhaust pipe body is used to reflect the microwave ground sentence uniformly, in addition to avoiding the formation of local hot spots in the extraction tank, which causes the dryness and coking of the to-be-extracted material due to high temperature, and can also avoid the occurrence of conventional knowledge. The use of water vapor from the bottom up to the extraction method 'steam vapor rises to half air, the heat is gradually dissipated and first condensed into water droplets' and can not fully entrain volatile substances to the condensation effect' greatly improved the extraction effect. 4, the extract obtained by the present invention and the extract extracted by the conventional extraction method, through the human sensation scent evaluation method, and using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the known main components of the extracted substance (Major Constitutions) After qualitative/quantitative analysis and comparison, the aromatic extract of 14 1355967 obtained by the present invention can be found, and the aroma and the known main component strength are as high as 300 to 6 extracted by the conventional method. 0 times, that is, the concentration of the extract obtained by the present invention is more effective. 5. The invention can simultaneously extract by a plurality of extraction tanks, and the high temperature generated by microwave heating can shorten the extraction time, extract the extraction amount, greatly improve the extraction efficiency, and can improve the energy efficiency and achieve the effect of energy saving and carbon reduction. . 6. In the extraction process carried out by the present invention, no organic agent or synthetic chemical substance is used, and it belongs to a green extraction new invention technology which can meet the environmental protection concept. The invention has excellent progress and solidity in the same field, and at the same time, the technical information documents about such an architecture at home and abroad have not been found to have the same approximation structure, and should have conformed to the "principle", The patent requirements for "integration of industrial use", "novelty" and "step" are applied in accordance with the law. It is to be understood that the above description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is intended to be in the scope of the application of the invention. It is more than 0 to use the refractory 5 to create the hair 15 1355967 [Simplified description of the drawings] The first figure is a perspective view of the extraction device of the present invention. The second drawing is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the extraction tank of the present invention. The third figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of the extraction tank of the present invention. Main component symbol description 10· 10 0 10 1 10 2 11· 110 111 1 1 2 12· 1 2 0 12 1 1 2 2 13· 13 0 Microwave generating device; heating space; connection port; connection port; ; inlet; communication port; annular projection; cover; communication port; gasket; thermocouple meter insertion; exhaust pipe; vent; 14 14 14 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 4 2 4 0 0 0 • · · · screw joint, support seat; screw hole, flow hole; gas supply inlet pipe; intake control valve; communication pipe; multi-pass pipe; condensing device; extraction collection port; Extracts; 16