1355463 1 . 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明與主要包含螺桿與螺帽的傳動裝置有關，特別是 指一種裝有防塵裝置的滾珠螺桿。 【先前技術】 滾珠螺桿是利用滾珠的滾動，來驅動螺桿與螺帽相對位 _移’並具有低料與高精密的優點，若有任何的灰塵或粉屬 進入，都會對滾珠螺桿的作用與精密度造成影響，因此防塵 措施就變得很重要了； 為此，市面上開發出許多有關滾珠螺桿防塵的技術，其 中一種如第1圖所示，在-螺帽八的—端設置—呈環狀的防 塵裝置B’該螺帽A在徑向開設相對的二螺孔A1，並分別以 一螺絲A2鎖入且穿過二該螺孔A1，二該螺絲A2又由兩側 鲁夾住該防塵裝置B，令該防塵裝置B固定在該螺帽A内，如 匕》亥防塵裝置β的凸出塊B1便能容納在該滾珠螺桿的螺桿 C的滾動溝ci内，當该滚珠螺桿作動時，該防塵袋置β的 凸出塊Β1會隨著該螺桿c的轉動在該滾動溝π内進行刮刷 的動作，一方面能防止灰塵或粉屑進入該滾動溝α，另一 方面能將該滾動溝C1内的灰塵或粉屑刮除’讓該滾珠螺桿 保持在乾淨的狀態下，而能夠精準的作動； 但在實際使用後，發現此種防塵裝置β仍存有多種缺 3 1355463 陷，該防塵裝置β在裝設時，應與該螺桿c保持在極度接近 卻又未接觸的位置，才是最理想的狀態，但鎖合的力道與深 度相當難控制，若二該螺絲A2鎖入該螺孔A1的深度太深， 會由兩側壓迫該防塵裝置β ,使該防塵裝置B的凸出塊B1 壓迫該螺桿C的滾動溝ci而產生假性預壓（是指未對滾珠 螺桿作預壓力的調整，卻因該凸出塊B1壓迫該滾動溝π 的作用力，讓使用者產生已調整預壓力的錯覺），當該螺桿 C旋轉時，該凸出塊則便會在該滾動溝C1内不停摩擦，該 防塵裝置B的材質大多是塑膠等硬度小於金屬的材質，在不 停摩擦的狀態下，該凸出塊B1便會因高熱產生熱變形，或 是被磨碎產生粉塵，造成該防塵裝置B的損壞或是粉塵影響 作動精度等問題，若二該螺絲A2鎖入該螺孔A1的深度太 淺，該防塵裝置B又容易產生鬆脫掉落等問題； 此外，由於組裝該防塵裝置B時，必須先校準該防塵裝 置B，使該防塵裝置β的凸出塊容納在該螺桿ς的滾動 溝C1内，之後再調整二該螺絲八2鎖入的深度，使該凸出塊 Β1與該滚動溝C1相配合，因此在組裝上必須有兩個步驟， 也拉長了組裝所花費的時間，造成額外的成本浪費； 可知前述習知的防塵裝置Β仍存在著亟待解決的缺 失，本發明人便針對此加以改進，開發出一種裝有防塵裝置 的滾珠螺桿。 1355463 【發明内容】 . 本發明目的在提供-種裝有防塵裝置的滚珠螺桿，是藉 由:固定蓋將一防塵裝置以軸向固定的方式設置在該滾^ 螺桿的螺帽—端，能避免該防塵裝置轉向固定產生假性預 壓或是鬆脫的問題，還能節省組合的時間。 為達前述目的，該滾珠螺桿包含—螺桿一螺帽、複數 •滾動件、—防塵裝置以及一固定蓋，該螺桿外緣具有滾動 溝，該螺帽具—軸向成型的穿孔，該螺帽以該穿孔套設在該 螺桿外，該螺帽内緣具滾動槽，該螺帽的滚動槽與該螺桿的 滾動溝相雜成-貞荷流道，_帽的端部成财固定孔， 等遠滾動件容納在該負荷流道，該防塵裝置以―側設置在該 螺帽的端部’另—側設有g己裝部，該防塵裝置相對該螺桿的 滾動溝設有凸㈣，該凸出部與該滾動溝配合，該固定蓋具 φ通孔及定位部，以鎖固元件穿過該固定蓋的通孔且鎖入該螺 帽的固定孔内’令該固定蓋裝設在該螺帽設有該防塵裝置的 編，该防塵裝置並位於該固定蓋與該螺帽之間，且該固定 蓋的定位部與該防塵裝置的配裝部組配結合； 以亥固疋蓋將該防塵裝置軸向固定在該螺帽的方式，不 需注意鎖合的力道與深度，能避免該防塵裝置以徑向固定產 生假性預壓或是鬆脫的問題，以及安裝時因人為疏失造成的 問《I，且§亥防塵裝置設置在該滾珠螺桿時不需另外進行校準 {355463 配合，只需旋轉該防塵裝置使該凸出塊與該滾動溝相配合， 更能節省組合的時間。 【實施方式】 • 本發明滾珠螺桿的實施例如第2及3圖所示，包含： 一螺桿10 ’外緣具有滾動溝U ; 一螺帽20’具一軸向成型的穿孔21，該螺帽2〇以該穿 籲孔21套設在該螺桿1〇外，該螺帽2〇内緣具滾動槽&，該 螺帽2 0的滾動槽2 2與該螺桿1 〇的滾動溝11相對組成一負 荷流道30，该螺帽2〇的端面軸向成型有一容納凹部及 二固定孔24 ; 複數滾動件40，容納在該負荷流道3〇内滾動； 一防塵裝置50，如第4圖所示為環狀，且以一侧設置 在該螺帽20的容納凹部23内，另一側設有複數配裝部51， 鲁亥防塵裝置50相對該螺桿1〇的滚動溝η設有凸出部52， «亥凸出52與該滾動溝丨丨配合，此實施例中，各該配裝部 51為定位孔，該防塵裝置5〇定義一防塵裝置中心53，等該 配裝部51以該防塵裝置中心53為圓心等距排列呈圓環狀， 其中任一相鄰的配裝部51與該防塵裂置中心53形成- α 角；以及 一固定蓋60,如第5圖所示為環狀，且具二通孔61及 叱位邻62，二鎖固元件63穿過該固定蓋6〇的二通孔61 6 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖f知滚珠螺桿裝設防塵裝置的示意圖。 弟2圖本發明實施例的立體圖。 第3圖本發明實施例的剖視圖。 第4圖本發明實施例防塵裝置α角的示意圖。 第5圖本發明實施例固定蓋的示意圖。 第6圖本發明實施例固定蓋冷角的示意圖。 第7圖本發明實施例防塵裝置裝在固定蓋的立體圖。 第8圖本發明實施例防塵裝置裝在固定蓋的剖面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 《習知》 螺帽A 螺孔A1 螺絲A2 防塵裝置B 凸出塊B1 螺桿C 滾動溝C1 《本發明》 螺桿10 滾動溝11 螺帽20 穿孔21 滾動槽22 容納凹部23 固定孔24 負荷流道30 9 1355463 滾動件40 防塵裝置50 配裝部51 凸出部52 防塵裝置中心53 固定蓋60 通孔61 定位部62 鎖固元件63 路徑中心64 路徑65 凹槽66 α角 /5角 101355463 1. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a transmission device mainly comprising a screw and a nut, and more particularly to a ball screw equipped with a dustproof device. [Prior Art] The ball screw uses the rolling of the ball to drive the screw and the nut relative to the _shift' and has the advantages of low material and high precision. If any dust or powder enters, it will act on the ball screw. Due to the influence of precision, dust-proof measures become very important; for this reason, many technologies for ball screw dust prevention have been developed on the market, one of which is shown in Figure 1 at the end of the nut-eight The annular dustproof device B' has a corresponding two screw holes A1 in the radial direction, and is respectively locked by a screw A2 and passes through the two screw holes A1, and the screw A2 is clamped by both sides. The dustproof device B is fixed in the nut A, and the protruding block B1 of the dustproof device β can be accommodated in the rolling groove ci of the screw C of the ball screw, when the ball screw When actuated, the protruding block Β1 of the dust bag β is wiped in the rolling groove π along with the rotation of the screw c, and on the other hand, dust or dust can be prevented from entering the rolling groove α. Can scrape dust or dust from the rolling groove C1' The ball screw can be kept in a clean state and can be operated accurately; however, after the actual use, it is found that the dustproof device β still has a plurality of defects of 3,355,463, and the dustproof device β should be installed when The screw c is kept in an extremely close but untouched position, which is the most ideal state, but the force and depth of the locking force are quite difficult to control. If the screw A2 is locked into the screw hole A1, the depth is too deep. The dustproof device β is pressed against the side, so that the protruding block B1 of the dustproof device B presses the rolling groove ci of the screw C to generate a false preload (refer to that the pre-pressure of the ball screw is not adjusted, but the protruding block is B1 compresses the force of the rolling groove π, so that the user generates the illusion of the adjusted pre-pressure. When the screw C rotates, the protruding block will continuously rub in the rolling groove C1, and the dustproof device B Most of the materials are made of plastic and other materials with a hardness lower than that of metal. In the state of constant friction, the protruding block B1 may be thermally deformed by high heat, or may be ground to generate dust, thereby causing damage of the dustproof device B or Dust influences the accuracy of the action, etc. If the depth of the screw A2 locked into the screw hole A1 is too shallow, the dustproof device B is prone to problems such as loosening and falling; in addition, since the dustproof device B is assembled, the dustproof device B must be calibrated first, so that The protruding block of the dustproof device β is accommodated in the rolling groove C1 of the screw ,, and then the depth of the screw VIII is locked, so that the protruding block Β1 is matched with the rolling groove C1, so assembly is performed. There must be two steps in the process, which also lengthens the time taken for the assembly, resulting in additional cost waste. It can be seen that the above-mentioned conventional dustproof device still has a shortcoming to be solved, and the inventors have improved and developed A ball screw equipped with a dustproof device. 1355463 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a ball screw equipped with a dustproof device, which is provided on the nut end of the rolling screw by means of a fixing cover for axially fixing a dustproof device. It is possible to avoid the problem that the dustproof device is fixed to the front to cause false preloading or loosening, and the combination time can be saved. For the above purposes, the ball screw comprises a screw-nut, a plurality of rolling elements, a dustproof device and a fixing cover, the outer edge of the screw has a rolling groove, the nut has an axially formed perforation, the nut The through hole is sleeved outside the screw, and the inner edge of the nut has a rolling groove, and the rolling groove of the nut is mixed with the rolling groove of the screw to form a flow passage, and the end of the cap is a fixed hole. The dust-proof device is disposed on the load flow path, and the dust-proof device is disposed on the other side of the end portion of the nut, and the dust-proof device is provided with a convex portion (four) with respect to the rolling groove of the screw. The protruding portion cooperates with the rolling groove, and the fixing cover has a through hole and a positioning portion, and the locking member passes through the through hole of the fixing cover and locks into the fixing hole of the nut. The nut is provided with a braiding device, and the dustproof device is located between the fixing cover and the nut, and the positioning portion of the fixing cover is combined with the fitting portion of the dustproof device; The cover is fixed in the axial direction of the nut, and the force of the lock is not required. And the depth, the problem that the dustproof device can be falsely preloaded or loosened in the radial direction can be avoided, and the problem caused by human error during installation, and the dustproof device is disposed on the ball screw without additional To calibrate the {355463 mating, simply rotate the dust-proof device to match the protruding block with the rolling groove, which saves the combination time. [Embodiment] The embodiment of the ball screw of the present invention, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, comprises: a screw 10' having an outer edge having a rolling groove U; a nut 20' having an axially formed perforation 21, the nut 2, the threading hole 21 is sleeved outside the screw 1 , and the inner edge of the nut 2 has a rolling groove & the rolling groove 2 2 of the nut 20 is opposite to the rolling groove 11 of the screw 1 〇 Forming a load flow passage 30, the end surface of the nut 2 is axially formed with a receiving recess and two fixing holes 24; a plurality of rolling members 40 are accommodated to roll in the load flow passage 3; a dustproof device 50, such as the fourth The figure shows an annular shape, and is disposed on one side of the receiving recess 23 of the nut 20, and the other side is provided with a plurality of fitting portions 51. The Luhai dustproof device 50 is disposed relative to the rolling groove η of the screw 1〇. The protrusion 52 is arranged to cooperate with the rolling groove. In this embodiment, each of the fitting portions 51 is a positioning hole, and the dustproof device 5 defines a dustproof device center 53 and the like. The portions 51 are annularly arranged equidistantly from the center 53 of the dustproof device, and any adjacent fitting portion 51 and the dust-preventing center 53 are shaped And a fixing cover 60, which is annular as shown in FIG. 5, and has a through hole 61 and a mortise 62, and the two locking elements 63 pass through the two through holes 61 of the fixing cover 6〇. 6 [Simple description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the dust-proof device of the ball screw. 2 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the angle α of the dustproof device of the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic view of a fixed cover of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the cold angle of the fixed cover in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is a perspective view of the dustproof device of the embodiment of the present invention mounted on a fixed cover. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the dustproof device of the embodiment of the present invention mounted on a fixed cover. [Explanation of main component symbols] "Knowledge" Nut A Screw hole A1 Screw A2 Dustproof device B Projection block B1 Screw C Rolling groove C1 "Invention" Screw 10 Rolling groove 11 Nut 20 Perforation 21 Rolling groove 22 Housing recess 23 Fixing hole 24 Load flow path 30 9 1355463 Rolling element 40 Dust-proof device 50 Fitting part 51 Projection part 52 Dust-proof part center 53 Fixing cover 60 Through-hole 61 Positioning part 62 Locking element 63 Path center 64 Path 65 Groove 66 α angle /5 corner 10