1352640 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明與由摩擦產生熱的摩擦銲接技術有關，特別是指 一種摩擦攪拌銲接的刀具及銲接結構。 【先前技術】 使用摩擦攪拌的方式將兩金屬（通常為銘）婷接在一起 的方式已公諸於世，首先是由英國銲接研究中心（TWI)在 1991年發表的摩擦攪拌焊接（FSW)技術，後來有如日本專 利特终2712838」、專利名稱「摩擦溶接方法」所述的技 術’都是將-高速旋轉的刀具以刀頭插人併合的兩金屬間， 利用刀頭高速旋轉時與兩金屬_摩擦產生的熱，使兩金屬 與刀頭接觸的部分降伏強度降低而保持在低強度的固態，刀 頭又攪動兩金屬降伏強度降低的部分混合，冷卻後兩金屬的 降伏強度逐漸回復，便將兩金屬銲接成一體； 前述技術中用於摩擦攪拌銲接的刀具的刀頭，較常使用 者為圓形的凸柱狀結構，遂使兩金屬進行摩擦攪拌銲接時， 僅有水平方向的猶混合，且因刀頭為圓形，有時還會產生 刀頭無法充分攪動兩金屬混合的現象，使兩金屬間只能在降 低降伏強度的狀況T冷職接合，造成銲接效絲強度不住 的缺點； i si 6 1352640 後來開發出如曰本專利「特開平10-249552」、專利名 稱「摩擦溶接方法、裝置及溶接工具（摩擦溶接方法拓上β ' 裝置並CA'U溶接U使用寸3溶接工具）」的技術，是在刀頭 上成型環狀的凹槽，或是如第1圖所示在圓錐狀的刀頭A上 成型具有螺旋斜面A2的螺旋狀的凹槽A1，且該刀頭A的底 部又連接一肩部B，當如第2圖所示使用該刀頭A以順時針 方向旋轉對兩金屬Cl、C2進行摩擦攪拌銲接的作業時，該 • 刀頭A會以摩擦熱降低該兩金屬Cl、C2部分的降伏強度， 並如第3圖所示，該刀頭A以該凹槽A1上的螺旋斜面A2攪 動該兩金屬Cl、C2降低降伏強度的部分，使該兩金屬C1、 C2被攪動的部分向上移動且混合，而該肩部B又會將該兩 金屬Cl、C2向上移動的部分向下擠壓而流回該兩金屬C1、 C2之間，使該兩金屬Cl、C2在銲接後形成一銲接結構D， 該銲接結構D並呈現如第4圖所示的狀態，其中實際物品的1352640 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a friction welding technique that generates heat by friction, and more particularly to a tool and a welded structure for friction stir welding. [Prior Art] The method of joining two metals (usually Ming) with friction stir has been made public. First, the friction stir welding (FSW) was published by the British Welding Research Center (TWI) in 1991. Technology, later, as described in Japanese Patent End-of-Publication 2712838", and the patented "Friction-Splicing Method" is a technique in which a high-speed rotating tool is inserted into a two-metal joint with a cutter head. The heat generated by the metal_friction causes the partial strength of the contact between the two metals and the cutter head to decrease and remains in the low-strength solid state, and the cutter head agitates the portion where the two metal reduction strengths are lowered, and the cooling strength of the two metals gradually recovers after cooling. The two metals are welded together; in the foregoing technology, the cutter head for the friction stir welding tool has a circular convex column-like structure, and when the two metals are subjected to friction stir welding, only the horizontal direction is It is still mixed, and because the cutter head is round, sometimes the cutter head cannot fully stir the phenomenon of mixing the two metals, so that the two metals can only reduce the drop strength. The condition of T cold joints, resulting in the strength of welding effect wire strength; i si 6 1352640 later developed such as the patent "Special Kaiping 10-249552", patent name "friction welding method, device and welding tools (friction welding The method of expanding the β 'device and CA'U welding U using the inch 3 welding tool) is to form an annular groove on the cutter head or to form on the conical cutter head A as shown in Fig. 1. a spiral groove A1 having a spiral bevel A2, and the bottom of the bit A is connected to a shoulder B. When the blade A is rotated in the clockwise direction as shown in FIG. 2, the two metals Cl and C2 are rotated. In the friction stir welding operation, the cutter head A reduces the fall strength of the two metal Cl and C2 portions by frictional heat, and as shown in Fig. 3, the cutter head A has the spiral slope A2 on the groove A1. Agitating the portions of the two metals Cl, C2 to reduce the strength of the fall, causing the portions of the two metals C1, C2 to be agitated to move up and mix, and the shoulder B will squeeze the portion of the two metals Cl, C2 upward Pressing back between the two metals C1 and C2, so that the two metals Cl and C2 are After welding, a welded structure D is formed, and the welded structure D is in a state as shown in FIG. 4, wherein the actual article
• 狀態如附件第1圖，兩端分別為未受影響的母材區D1，向 中間逐漸為受到該刀頭A摩擦熱影響的熱影響區D2，有垂 直移動混合的未動態再結晶區D3,以及位於該銲接結構D - 中間的攪拌區D4，藉由該螺旋斜面A2向上攪動以及該肩部 - B向下擠壓讓材料回填的作用使該銲接結構D的攪拌區D4 產生一洋蔥環C3，令該銲接結構D確實產生混合的現象， 並以垂直方向混合加強該銲接結構D的銲接效果與強度； 1352640 不過在前述技術實施-段時間後發現，#是刀頭以垂直 兩金屬的狀H進行雜接，在移動刀具時容易因阻力 過大而造成刀頭斷裂’故又開發出如中錢國專射請案號 _21樹、專利名稱「摩擦攪拌焊接方法與設備及所焊接 的結構」所述的技術’是將刀具沿移動方向傾斜―角度，讓 刀頭以斜向的角度對兩金屬進行摩擦㈣銲接，藉以降低刀 頭在加工過程中所受的阻力，讓加1更為順暢； 可知目前的技術已經發展到在刀頭上成型具螺旋斜面 的螺旋狀的則f ’且讓刀頭以斜向的肖度對兩金屬進行加 工’不過本創作人在實作上卻發現，由於第i圖中所示的刀 頭A成型的凹槽A1為螺旋狀，並無法延伸至末端的部分， 口此。玄刀碩A在對該兩金屬C1、C2加卫時，末端的部分仍 僅為水平方向的攪動混合，尖端更是沒有攪動的作動，當該 Λ屬 C2被垂直向攪動混合形成該銲接結構D，在該 在干接結構D的婚她p w 視择& D4產生該洋蔥環C3時，該銲接結構〇 底部與該洋第擇+ & ' 之間各易因該肩部B播壓推回的部分材 料移動路徑太長而不及填補，會產生如第5圖所示的缺陷 Λ刀碩A為圓錐狀，故仍有該刀頭A水平攪動混合 夕欠果不佳的缺點· ▲右疋文曼戎刀頭A的旋轉方向，改以逆時針方向旋轉’ 頁的螺旋斜面A2會將該兩金屬c卜C2被攪動的部分 1352640 向下帶動，且該兩金屬Π、C2降伏強度降低的部分也會受 賴而向上㈣混合，該兩㈣G1、G2銲細成該鲜接結 構D時，依然會使該銲接結構D的攪拌區以產生一洋窜環 C 3，而該銲接結構D受_而向上移動的部分也容易因材料 不及填補而產生如第6圖所示的缺陷C4 ; 可知目刖摩彳㈣拌銲接的技術，雖已達到實用的程度， 在成品上卻容易有產生該缺陷C4的問題，若要控制到不產 生該缺陷C4，可能需要調整該刀頭A轉速、前進速度、長 度…等許多變數，錄過相當多次的統計與估算，才能^ 漸減少該缺陷C4的產生，相告 此本創作人就針對該兩金屬C2㈣不及料物力，，因 動混合效果問題加卩 # ϋ填且水平攪 接的刀具及銲接結構。 開種摩擦授拌銲 【發明内容】 本發明目的在提供-種摩擦搜 數凸塊使兩金屬塊之間銲接時產數=具’是利用複 頭並以三平面提升兩金屬：二’該刀具的刀 兩金屬塊形成該職結構的強戶，'動效果，以增進該 陷。 X亚避免遠銲接結構產生缺 為達前述目的，該刀具 '、 呈錐狀，該刀頭的徑向側 面由三平面及三間隔面圍繞構成，該些平面與該些間隔面交 錯排列，使該些平面的二平面之間分別間隔該一間隔面，該 各間隔面上又成型複數缺口及複數凸塊，該些缺口與該些凸 塊以該刀頭的軸向交錯排列在該間隔面；以該刀具進行摩擦 攪拌銲接的加工，該刀頭便能以該三平面進行攪動以提升混 合效果，且該些間隔面的凸塊還可相互配合攪動而產生複數 洋蔥環，以縮短該各洋蔥環的材料回填路徑而避免缺陷的產 生0 本發明另一目的是藉由前述刀具提供一種摩擦攪拌銲 接的銲接結構，是由兩金屬塊以摩擦攪拌銲接的方式接合形 成，該銲接結構在攪拌區中具有複數洋蔥環，藉增加洋蔥環 的數量以縮小各洋蔥環的尺寸，而能夠減少形成該各洋蔥環 時的材料回填路徑，避免產生缺陷。 為達前述目的，該銲接結構由兩金屬塊摩擦攪拌銲接所 形成，該銲接結構兩端分別為母材區，由兩端向中間逐漸為 熱影響區及未動態再結晶區，該銲接結構中間為一攪拌區， 該攪拌區並具複數洋蔥環；如此在單一銲接結構上增加洋蔥 環的數量，便能縮小各洋蔥環的尺寸，並縮短形成該各洋蔥 環的材料回填路徑，可避免缺陷的產生。 1352640 【實施方式】 本發明摩擦攪拌銲接的刀具及銲接結構，其中刀具的實 施例如第7至9圖所示，包含： ； 一刀柄10，一端的周緣成型一肩部11 ;以及 一刀頭20，呈錐狀且成型在該刀柄10的該端，該刀頭 20的徑向側面由三平面21及三間隔面22圍繞構成，該些 平面21與該些間隔面22交錯排列，使該些平面21的二平 Φ 面21之間分別間隔該一間隔面22，該各間隔面22上又成 型四圓弧狀的缺口 221及四凸塊222，該些缺口 221與該些 凸塊222以該刀頭20的轴向交錯排列在該間隔面22，該各 間隔面22的四凸塊222又與另一該間隔面22的四凸塊222 相對位於相同高度，該刀頭20軸向漸縮的端並具一端面 23，其中一間隔面22向該端面23成型一斜面24。 • 以該刀具對兩金屬進行摩擦攪拌銲接加工時，能將兩金 屬銲接形成如第10圖所示的銲接結構30，其中實際物品的 狀態如附件第2圖，該銲接結構30兩端分別為母材區31， -由兩端向中間逐漸為熱影響區32以及未動態再結晶區33， •該銲接結構30中間為一攪拌區34，即該銲接結構30具有 二母材區31、二熱影響區32、二未動態再結晶區33及一攪 拌區34，該攪拌區34並具四洋蔥環35 ; 1352640 20的i^、在〜接兩金屬形成該輝接結構30，是以該刀頭 =強;:：22的四凸塊222分別授動因摩擦熱而降低: :^直―:與:：=:= ::回而形成該各洋蔥環35，可知 : 位:同高度的凸塊222搜動所形成，以往只; 填而產;:陷，的回填路徑較長，容易因材料不及回 各洋慧環35所需移^口一環分成該四洋葱環35後，該 全回填的效果，避免產ΓΓ陷路徑便縮短，因此能夠達到完 該 __結構30的_:=:使：能徹底 刀頌而搜動效果不佳的問題；不日有以錢用圓錐狀的 之間間隔面22’是為使該各平面幻 在進行摩擦授拌持結難度’避賴刀頭20 裂，· 趣接的加工過程f，遭遇過大的阻力而斷 更發現，若是該刀頭2G㈣各間_ 22 _ 用圓孤形設計’是讓材'_動過程更順暢，其: 1352640 比方形設計者佳，但該各缺口 221若是採用方形設計，雖效 果較差，亦能實行本創的技術； ' 另外該刀頭20的斜面24還可以將該銲接結構30底部 ； 的部分攪動並向下推擠，使該銲接結構30底部的部分也能 有垂直向的移動產生，以提升銲接效果。 且該刀具還有另一種實施方式，如第11圖所示，該刀 • 頭20的各間隔面22的四凸塊222與另一該間隔面22的四 凸塊222相對位於不同高度，且該各間隔面22的凸塊222 呈傾斜設置，能將兩金屬銲接形成如第12圖所示的銲接結 構30，其中實際物品的狀態如附件第3圖，可知該一間隔 面22的各凸塊222所形成的洋蔥環35會被另一該間隔面 22的各凸塊222所打散，因此原本應形成的該四洋蔥環35， 會形成超過四個的洋蔥環35，如第12圖所示的六個洋蔥環 • 35，也可能成為五個、七個或更多的洋蔥環，但數目必超過 四個，而該各凸塊222又由於呈傾斜設置，故還能提升該刀 具20對於垂直方向的攪動混合效果； - 由前述可知，本創主要技術乃是在該刀頭20上成型該 •平面21及該凸塊222，至於該平面21與該凸塊222的數量 並不影響本創的技術，因此使用僅為數量的改變者，當為本 創保護範圍内。 13• The state is shown in Figure 1 of the annex. The two ends are the unaffected base material area D1. The heat-affected zone D2 is gradually affected by the friction heat of the cutter head A. There is a vertically moving mixed non-dynamic recrystallization zone D3. And the agitating zone D4 located in the middle of the welded structure D-, the agitating zone D4 of the welded structure D generates an onion ring by the upward agitation of the spiral bevel A2 and the downward pressing of the shoulder-B to allow the material to be backfilled. C3, so that the welded structure D does produce a mixing phenomenon, and the welding effect and strength of the welded structure D are strengthened by mixing in the vertical direction; 1352640 However, after the implementation of the foregoing technology - it is found that # is the cutter head with two metal perpendicular The shape H is miscellaneous, and it is easy to break the cutter head due to excessive resistance when moving the cutter. Therefore, the company has developed the special case number _21 tree, patent name "friction stir welding method and equipment and welding The technology described in the structure is to tilt the tool in the direction of the movement, so that the cutter head rubs the four metals at an oblique angle (4) to reduce the resistance of the cutter during the machining process. 1 is smoother; it can be seen that the current technology has been developed to form a spiral-shaped spiral with a spiral bevel on the cutter head and let the cutter head process the two metals in an oblique direction. However, the creator is actually implementing It has been found that the groove A1 formed by the cutter head A shown in Fig. i is spiral and cannot extend to the end portion. When the two metales C1 and C2 are reinforced, the end portion is still only the horizontal agitating mixing, and the tip is not agitated. When the genus C2 is vertically agitated to form the welded structure. D, in the dry joint structure D, her pw opts & D4 produces the onion ring C3, the welded structure 〇 bottom and the ocean 择 + & ' between each easy due to the shoulder B broadcast The part of the material that is pushed back is too long to be filled, and the defect shown in Fig. 5 is generated as a cone. Therefore, there is still a disadvantage that the head A is horizontally agitated and the mixture is not good. ▲ The direction of rotation of the right 疋 戎 戎 戎 , , , , , , 逆 逆 ' ' ' ' 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页 页The reduced portion is also affected by the upward (four) mixing. When the two (four) G1 and G2 are welded into the fresh joint structure D, the agitating zone of the welded structure D is still caused to produce an artichoke ring C 3 , and the welded structure The part of D that is moved upward by _ is also easily produced due to material filling, as shown in Fig. 6. Defect C4 shown; it can be seen that the technique of mixing and welding is the practical degree, but it is easy to produce the defect C4 on the finished product. If it is controlled to not produce the defect C4, it may need to be adjusted. A number of variables, such as the speed of the cutter head A, the forward speed, the length, etc., have been recorded for quite a few times, and the statistics and estimations have been recorded. In order to reduce the occurrence of the defect C4, the creator has pointed out that the two metals C2 (4) are inferior to material resources. Due to the problem of dynamic mixing effect, the tool and the welded structure are filled and horizontally stirred. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a friction indexing bump to weld between two metal blocks. The number of products is 'utilizing a double head and lifting two metals in three planes: two' The two metal blocks of the knives form the strong structure of the job structure, and the effect is to enhance the trap. The X-shaped avoidance of the far-welded structure produces the defect that the tool is 'conical, the radial side of the cutter head is surrounded by three planes and three spacing faces, and the planes are staggered with the spacing faces, so that The two planes of the planes are respectively spaced apart from the spacer surface, and the plurality of notches and the plurality of bumps are formed on the spacers, and the notches are staggered with the bumps in the axial direction of the cutter head. After the friction stir welding is performed by the cutter, the cutter head can be agitated by the three planes to enhance the mixing effect, and the bumps of the partition surfaces can also cooperate with each other to generate a plurality of onion rings to shorten the respective The material backfilling path of the onion ring avoids the generation of defects. Another object of the present invention is to provide a friction stir welding welded structure by the above-mentioned cutter, which is formed by joining two metal blocks by friction stir welding, and the welded structure is stirred. There are multiple onion rings in the area, and by increasing the number of onion rings to reduce the size of each onion ring, the material backfilling path when forming the onion rings can be reduced. Free of defects. In order to achieve the above purpose, the welded structure is formed by friction stir welding of two metal blocks, and the two ends of the welded structure are respectively a base material region, and the heat affected zone and the non-dynamic recrystallized zone are gradually formed from the two ends to the middle, and the welded structure is intermediate As a stirring zone, the agitating zone has a plurality of onion rings; thus, by increasing the number of onion rings on a single welded structure, the size of each onion ring can be reduced, and the material backfilling path for forming the onion rings can be shortened to avoid defects. The production. 1352640 [Embodiment] The tool and the welded structure of the friction stir welding of the present invention, wherein the tool is implemented as shown in Figs. 7 to 9, comprising: a shank 10 having a shoulder 11 formed at one end and a cutter head 20; Formed at the end of the shank 10, the radial side of the shank 20 is surrounded by three planes 21 and three spacing faces 22, and the planes 21 are staggered with the spacing faces 22 to make the The two planes 21 of the plane 21 are respectively spaced apart from each other by a spacing surface 22, and the four spacings 221 and the four protrusions 222 are formed on the spacing surfaces 22, and the notches 221 and the bumps 222 are The axial direction of the cutting head 20 is staggered in the spacing surface 22, and the four projections 222 of the spacing surfaces 22 are at the same height as the four projections 222 of the other spacing surface 22, and the cutting head 20 is axially tapered. The constricted end has an end face 23 to which a spacer face 22 forms a bevel 24 . • When the two metals are subjected to friction stir welding with the tool, the two metals can be welded to form the welded structure 30 as shown in Fig. 10, wherein the state of the actual article is as shown in the attached figure 2, and the two ends of the welded structure 30 are respectively The base material region 31, from the both ends to the middle gradually becomes the heat affected zone 32 and the non-dynamic recrystallized zone 33, • the middle of the welded structure 30 is a stirring zone 34, that is, the welded structure 30 has two base material zones 31, two The heat-affected zone 32, the two non-dynamic recrystallization zone 33 and a stirring zone 34, the agitating zone 34 has four onion rings 35; 1352640 20 i ^, in the two metal to form the glow structure 30, The four bumps 222 of the cutter head = strong;::22 are respectively reduced by the frictional heat: :^直―: and ::::=::: The onion rings 35 are formed, which can be known: Bit: same height The bump 222 is formed by searching, and only the past; filling and producing; the trapping, the backfilling path is long, and it is easy to be divided into the four onion rings 35 after the material is not returned to each of the Huihui rings 35. The effect of backfilling is to avoid shortening the path of production and depression, so it can reach the _:=: structure of the __ structure 30: The problem of poor search results; the use of the money between the conical surfaces 22' is to make the planes illusory in the friction and the difficulty of mixing and holding the 'cracking head 20 crack, · interesting The processing f, encountering excessive resistance and breaking, found that if the cutter head 2G (4) _ 22 _ with a circle orphan design 'is the material ' _ moving process is smoother, its: 1352640 better than the square designer, but If the notch 221 adopts a square design, although the effect is poor, the technique of the invention can be implemented; 'In addition, the inclined surface 24 of the cutter head 20 can also agitate and push down the bottom portion of the welded structure 30 to make the The portion of the bottom of the welded structure 30 can also be produced with a vertical movement to enhance the welding effect. And another embodiment of the tool, as shown in FIG. 11, the four bumps 222 of the spacer faces 22 of the blade head 20 are located at different heights from the four bumps 222 of the other spacer face 22, and The protrusions 222 of the spacer faces 22 are disposed obliquely, and the two metals can be welded to form the welded structure 30 as shown in FIG. 12, wherein the state of the actual article is as shown in the third figure of the attachment, and the convexities of the one of the spacer faces 22 are known. The onion ring 35 formed by the block 222 is broken by the other bumps 222 of the spacer surface 22, so that the four onion rings 35 which should originally be formed form more than four onion rings 35, as shown in Fig. 12. The six onion rings • 35 shown may also be five, seven or more onion rings, but the number must be more than four, and the bumps 222 are tilted to lift the tool. 20 for the agitation mixing effect in the vertical direction; - As can be seen from the foregoing, the main technique is to form the plane 21 and the bump 222 on the cutter head 20, and the number of the plane 21 and the bump 222 is not Affecting the technology of the creation, so use only the number of changers, when the Within the scope of protection. 13
1J3Z04U 【圖式簡單說明】 習知刀具的立體圖。 ，圖白知刀具進行摩擦搜拌銲接加工的示意圖。 f圖白知刀具對兩金屬進行摩擦擾拌輝接加工的示意圖。 第4圖習知銲接結構的示意圖。 ^ 5圖f知刀具順時針轉動而銲接結構產生缺陷的示意圖。 第6圖驾知刀具逆時針轉動而銲接結構產生缺陷的示意圖。 第7圖 本發明實施例刀具的立體圖。 第8圖 本發明實施例刀具的側視圖。 第9圖 本發明實施例刀具的仰視圖。 第10圖本發明實施例銲接結構的示意圖。 第11圖本發明實施例刀具的各間隔面的凸塊位於不同高度且 傾斜的側視圖。 第12圖本發明實施綱® 11 w刀具形朗銲接結構的示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 《習知》1J3Z04U [Simple description of the drawing] A perspective view of a conventional tool. Fig. Baizhi knows the schematic diagram of the tool for friction welding. fFig. Schematic diagram of the tool for rubbing and splicing the two metals. Figure 4 is a schematic view of a conventional welding structure. ^5 Figure f shows a schematic diagram of the tool turning clockwise and the welded structure producing defects. Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the tool being rotated counterclockwise to produce defects in the welded structure. Figure 7 is a perspective view of a cutter of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is a side view of a tool of an embodiment of the invention. Figure 9 is a bottom plan view of a tool of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 is a schematic view of a welded structure of an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 11 is a side elevational view showing the projections of the respective spacer faces of the cutter of the embodiment of the present invention at different heights. Figure 12 is a schematic view of a profiled welding structure of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] "Knowledge"
凹槽A1 肩部B 洋蔥環C3 銲接結構D 刀頭A 螺旋斜面A2 金屬Cl、C2 缺陷C4 14 L352640 母材區D1 熱影響區D2 未動態再結晶區D3 攪拌區D4 《本發明》 刀柄10 肩部11 刀頭20 平面21 間隔面22 缺口 221 凸塊222 端面23 斜面24 銲接結構30 母材區31 熱影響區32 未動態再結晶區33 洋蔥環35 攪拌區34Groove A1 Shoulder B Onion Ring C3 Welded Structure D Blade A Spiral Bevel A2 Metal Cl, C2 Defect C4 14 L352640 Base Material Zone D1 Heat Affected Zone D2 Undynamic Recrystallization Zone D3 Stirring Zone D4 "Invention" Tool Holder 10 Shoulder 11 Cutter 20 Plane 21 Spacer 22 Notch 221 Bump 222 End face 23 Bevel 24 Weld structure 30 Base material zone 31 Heat affected zone 32 Not dynamic recrystallization zone 33 Onion ring 35 Stirring zone 34
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