1351808 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 之高壓啟動 本發明係有關於一種啟動電路，特別是指一種功率轉換器 電路。 、 - 【先前技術】 請參閱第-圖’其為制功率轉換器之啟動電路的電路^如圖所干， 習用啟動電路用於控制-電壓源VlN之導通與截止，進而提供—電壓％作 • 為—功率轉換11之—控制電路1G的供應電壓。當功率轉換器啟動時^壓 源vIN即經由-電晶體u而供應電壓Vd。電晶體u，其—没極與一源極 • ㈣減賴源VlN與控制電路1G。當控制電路1G開始運料，功率轉換 器之一變㈣繞組丨6會經由-二極體17與-電容18提供另—個供應電壓 至控制電路10。之後，電晶體u將會受一電晶體12驅動而截止，以 電源消耗。變壓器繞.组16，其耗接於一接地端與二極體17之一端。電容 18則減於二極體17之另-端與接地端之間，電容18更輕接於控制電: U)。-電阻15，其柄接於電晶體u之沒極與電晶體u之—問極之間 阻15用於提供一偏壓以導通電晶體n。 籲 電晶體12’其-沒極與—源極分別耗接電晶體u之閘極以及接 ‘ 此外電晶體12之一閘極係輕接-反相器Η之-輸出端，反相器14之—輪 入端則接收-控制峨sN ’如此控制訊號Sn可透過反相器14控制電晶體 12。電晶體12會在控制訊號&於禁能狀態時導通，進而使電日日日體丨丨截止。 然而，當電晶體12導通時，電阻15將會消耗一功率Pr，其可表示為如 P _ V · 其中，Rls為電阻15之電阻值。 -般而言，電壓源、V1N通常是由一交流電源供應，當—很高的線電壓 (High Lme Voltage)輕接至電壓源I並經過整流後，電壓源％之電壓 5 1351808 350伏特。如此由方程式⑴可得知，電阻i5將產生 式⑴娜，若_15之電_ :p可降低功率損耗’所以採用高電阻值之電阻15，例如幾百萬歐姆可 了效降低:率和耗'然而，高電阻值之電阻15不適合整合於積體電路 (integrated circuit)中。 因此，本發明即針對上述問題而提供一種高效率之啟動電路，其可降 低功率損耗，並可整合於電路，以有效解決上述問題。 【發明内容】1351808 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a starting circuit, and more particularly to a power converter circuit. - [Prior Art] Please refer to the figure - 'The circuit of the starting circuit of the power converter is as shown in the figure. The conventional starting circuit is used to control the conduction and cutoff of the voltage source VlN, and then provide - voltage % • For the power conversion 11 - the supply voltage of the control circuit 1G. When the power converter is started, the voltage source vIN supplies the voltage Vd via the transistor u. The transistor u, which has a dipole and a source, (4) the source VlN and the control circuit 1G. When the control circuit 1G starts to transport, one of the power converters (four) windings 6 provides another supply voltage to the control circuit 10 via the -diode 17 and the -capacitor 18. Thereafter, the transistor u will be driven by a transistor 12 to be turned off to consume power. The transformer is wound around the group 16, which is connected to a ground terminal and one end of the diode 17. The capacitor 18 is reduced between the other end of the diode 17 and the ground, and the capacitor 18 is lighter to control the electricity: U). a resistor 15 having a handle connected between the pole of the transistor u and the transistor u. The resistor 15 is used to provide a bias voltage to conduct the transistor n. The transistor 12' has its - the immersion and the source respectively consuming the gate of the transistor u and the connection. The other gate of the transistor 12 is lightly connected - the inverter - - the output terminal, the inverter 14 The wheel-in terminal receives - control 峨 sN ' such that the control signal Sn can control the transistor 12 through the inverter 14. The transistor 12 will be turned on when the control signal & in the disabled state, thereby turning off the electricity day and day. However, when the transistor 12 is turned on, the resistor 15 will consume a power Pr, which can be expressed as P_V, where Rls is the resistance of the resistor 15. In general, the voltage source and V1N are usually supplied by an AC power source. When the High Lme Voltage is lightly connected to the voltage source I and rectified, the voltage source voltage is 5 1351808 350 volts. Thus, from equation (1), the resistance i5 will produce the equation (1), if the _15 _: p can reduce the power loss', so the resistor 15 with a high resistance value, for example, several million ohms can be effectively reduced: rate and Consumption However, the high resistance value of the resistor 15 is not suitable for integration in an integrated circuit. Accordingly, the present invention is directed to the above problems to provide a high efficiency start-up circuit which can reduce power loss and can be integrated in a circuit to effectively solve the above problems. [Summary of the Invention]
本發明之主要目的，在於提供—種功轉齡之啟動電路，其可降低 功率損耗。 - 本發明功率轉換器之啟動電路，其包含m日日體阻抗裝置、 第-電晶體、-第三電晶體與—二極體。第__電晶體具有—負臨界電壓， 而第二電晶體與第三電晶體為正臨界電壓裝置。第—電晶触接一電壓 源。第三電晶體串聯於第-電晶體，而提供—供應電壓至功率轉換器之_ 控制電路。二極體雜於功轉難之—麵胃餘與測電路，而提供 另-供應電壓至控制電路。第二電晶體依據—控觀脸㈣—電晶體與 第三電晶體。阻抗裝置耗接第一電晶體與第三電晶體，並在第二電晶體截 止時’提供-偏壓至第-電晶體與第三電晶體，以使第—電晶體與第三電 晶體導通。-旦第二電晶體導通時，第三電晶體將截止，且第—電晶體為 負偏壓狀態。 效為使貴審查委員對本發明之結構特徵及所達成之功效更有進—步 之瞭解與S忍識，謹佐以較佳之實施例圖及配合詳細之說明，說明如後。 【實施方式】 凊參閱第一圖，其為本發明啟動電路之一較佳實施例的電路圖。如圖 所不，本發明之啟動電路包含有一第一電晶體20、一第二電晶體50、一第 三電晶體25、一阻抗裝置30與一二極體9〇。第一電晶體20具有一負臨界 6 電壓所以第一電晶體為—負臨界電壓 25 〇 20 端，第一電晶體2〇之第—端耦接 第一鸲與一第三 於筮Φ a ^ 輕接於電壓源V〖N。第三電晶體25，#由肸 於第一電晶體20,而依據電虔源Vin輸出 體5其串聯 功率轉換器之控制電路1〇。第 。蛛供一供應電壓至 之莖電曰曰體25之一没極連接於第-電晶I# 20 :二月=電晶體25之一源極則域於控制電路10。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A primary object of the present invention is to provide a starting circuit for power generation that reduces power loss. A starting circuit for a power converter according to the invention, comprising a m-day body impedance device, a first transistor, a third transistor and a diode. The first transistor has a negative threshold voltage, and the second transistor and the third transistor are positive threshold voltage devices. The first-electron crystal is connected to a voltage source. The third transistor is connected in series to the first transistor, and provides a supply voltage to the control circuit of the power converter. The diode is mixed with the difficulty of the work--the stomach and the circuit, and provides another supply voltage to the control circuit. The second transistor is based on - controlling the face (four) - the transistor and the third transistor. The impedance device consumes the first transistor and the third transistor, and provides a bias voltage to the first transistor and the third transistor when the second transistor is turned off, so that the first transistor and the third transistor are turned on. . Once the second transistor is turned on, the third transistor will be turned off and the first transistor will be in a negative bias state. The effect is to make the reviewer's understanding of the structural features and the achievable effects of the present invention more in-depth and to understand the S, and the detailed description of the embodiment and the detailed description are given below. [Embodiment] Referring to the first figure, it is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the starting circuit of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the starting circuit of the present invention comprises a first transistor 20, a second transistor 50, a third transistor 25, an impedance device 30 and a diode 9. The first transistor 20 has a negative critical voltage of 6 so that the first transistor is a negative threshold voltage of 25 〇 20, and the first end of the first transistor 2 is coupled to the first 鸲 and a third 筮 Φ a ^ Lightly connected to the voltage source V〗 〖N. The third transistor 25, # is connected to the first transistor 20, and the control circuit 1 of the series power converter is connected to the body 5 according to the power source Vin. First. The spider supplies a supply voltage to one of the stem electric bodies 25, which is connected to the first electron crystal I# 20: February = one of the transistors 25 is in the control circuit 10.
I發月為了導通第—電晶體2G 娜咖卩=== 電晶體:―電容7° ’其於控制“ 二了t 二極體90 一二極體90，其一端輕接於電容70與控制電路10， ίο開始運作時Γ鐵厂則麵接於功率轉換器之一變壓器繞組100。當控制電路 “、’變M器繞組100將經由二極體90與電容70提供另一供應 SHI電路I之後，藉由第—電晶體2G與第三電晶體Μ截止電i 源VIN傳輸電源，以節省電源消耗。 it考H —控制訊ESn傳輸至啟動電路之輸人端，以導通第 器初接收控制訊號Sn。斗/相号50，其一閉極經由一反相 „ /、甲反相态40之一輸入端接收控制訊號SN，而 反相益40之-輸出端則耦接於第二電晶體5〇之閉極。第二電晶體5〇之一 源極耦接於接地端’第二電晶體5〇之一汲極耗接於第三電晶體^之閉極 ^一電晶體20之第三端。所以，當第二電晶體5〇依據控制訊號Sn之致 月b狀、、而截止_阻彳几裝置3G會提供偏壓至第三電晶體25與第一電晶體 20，1¾偏壓可以導通第三電晶體25與第—電晶體2〇。 -功率轉換器中控制電路1〇開始運作之後，而第二電晶體5〇依 據控制訊號sN之禁能狀態導通時，第三電晶體25將會截止，以截止電壓 源V1N，進而停止輸出供應至控制電路1〇。同時，阻抗裝置3〇將提供 -負偏壓至第-電晶體20。也就是第二電晶體5G _由阻抗裝置3〇提供 1351808 電曰體20^·右電曰曰體2〇 ’如此即可控制第一電晶體20截止。其中，第— 電1 20具有-負臨界電壓_Vth，如第三圖所示。 - 一圖·’其為本發明之第—電晶體2〇之電壓對電流的曲線圖。 二雷曰二Ij為通過第一電晶體20之第一端與第二端的電流。壓％ 之第三端與第二端之間的電壓。於本發明中，第一電晶體 峨。如㈣啦，電壓v规時，祕亦會隨 者降低，而當電壓Vj低於第一電晶體2〇I send a month to turn on the first - transistor 2G Naca 卩 === transistor: ―capacitance 7 ° 'the control of the second two diodes 90 a diode 90, one end of which is connected to the capacitor 70 and control When the circuit 10, ίο starts to operate, the Γ铁厂 is connected to one of the power converter transformer windings 100. When the control circuit "," the M winding 100 will provide another supply SHI circuit I via the diode 90 and the capacitor 70. Thereafter, the power is transmitted by the first transistor 2G and the third transistor Μ cutoff power source VIN to save power consumption. It test H - Control signal ESn is transmitted to the input terminal of the start circuit to turn on the first control signal Sn. The bucket/phase number 50 has a closed end receiving the control signal SN via one of the inverting ends of the inverted phase 40, and the output terminal of the inverted phase 40 is coupled to the second transistor 5〇. One of the second transistors 5 源 is coupled to the ground end. One of the second transistors 5 汲 is drained to the third end of the third transistor. Therefore, when the second transistor 5 is turned off according to the control signal Sn, the device 3G provides a bias voltage to the third transistor 25 and the first transistor 20, and the bias voltage can be The third transistor 25 is turned on and the first transistor 25 is turned on. - After the control circuit 1 in the power converter starts operating, and the second transistor 5 is turned on according to the disabled state of the control signal sN, the third transistor 25 is turned on. Will be turned off, to cut off the voltage source V1N, and then stop the output supply to the control circuit 1 〇. At the same time, the impedance device 3 〇 will provide a negative bias to the first transistor 20. That is, the second transistor 5G _ by the impedance device 3〇 provides 1351808 electric body 20^·right electric body 2〇' so that the first transistor 20 can be controlled to cut off. Among them, the first 1 20 has a - negative threshold voltage _Vth, as shown in the third figure. - Figure 1 'which is the first of the present invention - the voltage versus current curve of the transistor 2 。. The current between the first end and the second end of the transistor 20. The voltage between the third end and the second end of the voltage %. In the present invention, the first transistor 峨. (4), the voltage v, the secret Will decrease with the voltage, and when the voltage Vj is lower than the first transistor 2〇
體20將會截止。 电至vTHaf弟電曰B ^參閱第四圖與第五圖，其分卿示本發明之啟動電路於導通和截止 樣2流動之方向。圖示中之電阻60為第二圖之阻抗裝置30的實施 於第四圖中’控制訊號Sn為致能狀態，第二電晶體％則依據控制 j N之致能狀_截止，故沒有電流通過餘6g，所以電阻⑻提供一 塗至第-電晶體2〇之電壓Vj。此外電阻6〇亦提供一相同偏壓於 =25之閘極紐極之間’因此，第一電晶㈣與第三電晶體25喊 皆會導通。 於第^圖中’控制訊號Sn為禁能狀態，第二電晶體％則依據控制訊 號N之不能狀態而導通，第三電晶體25因其閘極為低電壓準位而截止。 電流祕流過第二電晶體5〇與電阻⑻。此時電阻⑼提供負偏 Μ之電壓A。在此瞬間，電流^增加會進-步使得提 =至電420之電壓％的負偏壓增大。當負偏壓達到負臨界電壓, 時，第一電晶體20將截止以避免電流l增加。 主本發明之啟動電路是以負雜方式操作。雜當第三電晶體Μ截止 甘’仍然有-電流通過第—電晶體2〇，但是此電流的電流值非常小，所以 八造成的轉消耗可以忽略。由於第—電晶體2G與阻抗裝置％可整合至 路中’所以本發明之第二圖所示之啟動電路可達到本發明之目的而 整合於積體電路中。 請參閱第六圖，其為本發明功率轉換器之啟動電路之另一 的電路圖。如圖所示，此實施例不包括有第二圖之實施例所示的第三電晶 丄 ㈣—電晶體2G触於電壓源％，糧繼ι而 壓至功率轉絲之控制電路ig。此實施例不具有第三電晶體 $笛體50導通時’—電流將經由阻抗裝置3〇從電容70流 第二電，體50。雖然’阻抗裝置3〇將提供負偏壓以截止第一電晶體2〇, 泪從電:7〇輸出的電流會導致功率損耗。所以，第六圖之阻抗裝置犯 必須具有高電阻值，以減少功率損耗。 實為—具有卿、性、進步性及可供產業上糊者，應符合我Body 20 will be closed. Electric to vTHaf Dielectric B ^ Refer to the fourth and fifth figures, which show the starting circuit of the present invention in the direction of the conduction and cut-off 2 flow. The resistor 60 in the figure is the implementation of the impedance device 30 of the second figure. In the fourth figure, the control signal Sn is in an enabled state, and the second transistor % is turned off according to the control j N , so there is no current. With the remaining 6g, the resistor (8) provides a voltage Vj applied to the first transistor 2〇. In addition, the resistor 6 〇 also provides a common bias between the gates of the gates of =25. Therefore, both the first and the third transistors 25 are turned on. In the figure, the control signal Sn is disabled, the second transistor % is turned on according to the inability of the control signal N, and the third transistor 25 is turned off due to the gate being at a very low voltage level. The current flows through the second transistor 5〇 and the resistor (8). At this time, the resistor (9) provides a voltage A of negative bias. At this instant, the increase in current ^ will cause the negative bias of the voltage % of the voltage 420 to increase. When the negative bias voltage reaches a negative threshold voltage, the first transistor 20 will be turned off to avoid an increase in current l. The main starting circuit of the present invention operates in a negative hybrid manner. Miscellaneous when the third transistor is turned off, the current still passes through the first transistor, but the current value of this current is very small, so the turn-induced consumption caused by the eight is negligible. Since the first transistor 2G and the impedance device % can be integrated into the circuit, the starter circuit shown in the second figure of the present invention can be integrated into the integrated circuit for the purpose of the present invention. Please refer to the sixth figure, which is a circuit diagram of another of the starting circuits of the power converter of the present invention. As shown, this embodiment does not include the third transistor (4) shown in the embodiment of the second figure - the transistor 2G touches the voltage source %, and the grain is pressed to the control circuit ig of the power wire. This embodiment does not have a third transistor. When the flute 50 is turned on, the current will flow from the capacitor 70 via the impedance device 3, the second electric, body 50. Although the 'impedance device 3' will provide a negative bias to turn off the first transistor 2〇, the tear output from the current: 7〇 will result in power loss. Therefore, the impedance device of the sixth figure must have a high resistance value to reduce power loss. Really - with a clear, sexual, progressive and available for the industry, should meet me
、隹直7利申明要件無疑’麦依法提出發明專利申請，祈釣局早日賜 准專利，至感為禱。 、所述者僅為本發明一較佳實施例而已，並非用來限定本發明 ^故舉凡依本發明中請專利細所述之形狀、麟、特徵及精 神所為之均與舞，均應包胁本發明之巾請專職圍内。 1351808 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖為習用功率轉換器之啟動電路的電路圖； 第二圖為本發明功率轉換器之啟動電路之一較佳實施例的電路圖； 第二圖為本發明具有負臨界電壓之電晶體之電壓對電流的曲線圖； • 第四圖為本發明之啟動電路導通時電流流向的電路示意圖； 第五圖為本發明之啟動電路截止時電流流向的電路示音圖.以及 第六圖為本發明功率轉換器之啟動電路之另一較佳實施例的電路圖 • 【主要元件符號說明】 10 控制電路 - 11 電晶體 12 電晶體 14 反相器 15 電阻 16 變壓器繞組 17 二極體 . 18 電容 ® 20第一電晶體 . 25 第三電晶體 30 阻抗裝置 40 反相器 50 第二電晶體 60 電阻 70 電容 90 二極體 100 變壓器繞組 1351808 VD 電壓 Vxh 負臨界電壓 VlN 電壓源It is undoubted that the requirements for the invention of the invention patent were filed by the law, and the Prayer and Fishing Bureau granted the patent as soon as possible. The present invention is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. All of the shapes, the linings, the features, and the spirits described in the patent application of the present invention should be included in the dance. The towel of the invention should be fully occupied. 1351808 [Simplified description of the drawings] The first figure is a circuit diagram of a starting circuit of a conventional power converter; the second figure is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the starting circuit of the power converter of the present invention; The voltage versus current curve of the threshold voltage transistor; • The fourth figure is a circuit diagram of the current flow direction when the startup circuit of the invention is turned on; the fifth figure is the circuit diagram of the current flow direction when the startup circuit of the invention is turned off. And the sixth figure is a circuit diagram of another preferred embodiment of the startup circuit of the power converter of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 10 Control circuit - 11 transistor 12 transistor 14 inverter 15 resistor 16 transformer winding 17 18 Capacitor® 20 First Transistor. 25 Third Transistor 30 Impedance Device 40 Inverter 50 Second Transistor 60 Resistor 70 Capacitor 90 Diode 100 Transformer Winding 1351808 VD Voltage Vxh Negative Threshold Voltage VlN Voltage Source
Vj 電壓Vj voltage
Sn 控制訊號Sn control signal