1333180 __ ?1年]^月％日修(¾正替換頁 九、發明說明： - (一） 發明所屬之技術領域 本發明係關於用於練習復甦之人體模型，主要是胸部 壓迫及肺部通氣，此模型包括一可膨脹之本體。 (二） 先前技術 自從I960年代，本發明申請人，Laerdal Medical AS ，製造並出售復甦人體模型其註冊高標是Re susci Anne®。 此型的最初人體模型具有經連接至一通常堅硬頭之可膨脹 本體。爲了促進胸部壓迫，一鋼環外接可膨脹本體之胸部 。受訓練之人用其手壓按對著此鋼環的頂部，其變形像在 壓力下之片簧。可膨脹本體的唯一功能是給予人體模型、 人類之外觀。該可膨脹之本體在復甦方面不具有功能。 自從此最初模型以來，大體上已發展出Resusci Anne® 人體模型及其同型產品。然而，自此以後，未使用可膨脹 之本體。代替，係使用剛性本體的各種具體練習例。其包 含適應於胸部壓迫，肺部膨脹之特徵且，到以後的時間具 有數種先進之功能。此等人體模型顯示於WO (世界專利） 98/30994及美國專利5468151中。 (三） 發明內容 本發明的一個目的在提供一種低成本復甦人體模型’ 可將它包裝成小尺寸以便運輸和儲存。 本發明的另外目的在提供一種復甦人體模型，其在胸 部壓迫和肺部膨脹期間產生高程度的功能正確性。 本發明的另外目的在提供一種復甦人體模型，其包含 1333180 Γ--1 '' %年h月V6日修(更)正替換頁 甚少零件且容易組合和使用。 一或數種的上述目的經由本發明予以實現，其中可膨 脹之本體適於吸收在模擬胸部壓迫期間所施加之壓縮力。 由於具有適應於吸收壓縮力之可膨脹本體，實現可予 以壓實成小尺寸之低成本人體模型。宜將該人體模型可包 裝在一扁平匣中，經由信件郵政可輸送。 因爲該人體模型包含少數零件（其容易製造和組合）， 所以可能實現低出售價格及大量生產。 由於其小尺寸、低價格及容易使用，此種人體模型可 提供優質和可供給基本使用期限支持訓練給較廣泛公眾， 亦提供給開發中國家其負擔不起購買目前市場上之人體模 型費用。亦可使開辦救生訓課程之學校、童子軍團體及其 他組織交出個人的人體模型給學生。 人體模型的可膨脹本體宜包括一胸部分及一頭部分， 該兩部分的膨脹室係相互連通，在胸部壓迫期間，頭部部 分充作一膨脹室，藉以實現逼真之胸部壓迫方案，其中， 胸部會因壓力而凹進。 該可膨脹本體宜具有界定一空洞之中央部分，該空洞 係經由一通常環形可膨脹部分予以限制。藉以身體可穩定 橫臥在具有最小搖晃之表面上。 該人體模型宜包括一胸板，該胸板充作壓力分佈器在 可膨脹之本體上，將該胸板由彈性設備連接至可膨脹之本 體。藉以’實現在胸部壓迫期間，甚至更爲逼真之方案。 該人體模型宜包括一肺部，將該肺部連接至一面罩， • 6 - 1333180 --Ί 乃年r月％曰修(更)正替換頁 該肺部適應於通過面罩的口及/或鼻而膨脹，該肺部具有經 定位大體上平行於可膨脹本體的胸部部分之一胸部部分， 將面罩定位在可膨脹本體的頭部部分上。藉以，實現肺部 換氣訓練之能力。 該中央部分的空洞在肺部膨脹的第一階段期間宜容納 一部分的肺部》藉以在發生最小或無胸挺起期間，實現逼 真第一階段之肺部膨脹。 面對肺部之空洞的面宜具有一彈性設備用於強制經膨 脹入該空洞中之該部分的肺部大體上脫離空洞。藉以實現 肺部的大體上完全騰空在每次肺部膨脹期間。 該面罩宜具有包括一邊緣之頦部分，該邊緣捏挾一部 分的肺部對著可膨脹之本體呈第一狀態，在此第一狀態時 ，頭部部分正橫臥大體上在與可膨脹本體的胸部部分相同 平面中，且當將頭部部分相對於胸部部分傾斜時，將該邊 緣提升遠離肺部，以致同時將頦部分提升》藉以，實現將 人體模型的頭部向後傾斜及提升頦部之逼真要求。 宜將一胸部壓迫反饋裝置倂合入胸板中，當超過預定 之壓縮力或深度時，該反饋裝置發射一聽得見或可見之信 號，視需要，亦具有用於指示充分肺部膨脹之設備。當受 訓練人得到關於胸部壓迫和肺部膨脹的品質之反饋時，此 方式可提供加強之訓練可能性。 該人體模型宜適應於被放氣並連同胸板，肺部和面罩 予以摺疊成小高度以便利於儲存和輸送。 當使用下列及先前術語指示方向時，像下面、後面、1333180 __ ?1年]^月%日修(3⁄4正换页页9, invention description: - (I) Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a human body model for practicing resuscitation, mainly chest compression and pulmonary ventilation This model includes an expandable ontology. (ii) Prior Art Since the 1960s, the applicant of the present invention, Laerdal Medical AS, manufactured and sold a resuscitated mannequin with a high registration mark of Re susci Anne®. An expandable body connected to a generally rigid head. To promote chest compression, a steel ring is externally attached to the chest of the expandable body. The trained person presses against the top of the steel ring with his hand, deforming like pressure The next leaf spring. The only function of the expandable body is to give the human body model, the human appearance. The expandable body has no function in terms of resuscitation. Since the original model, the Resusci Anne® mannequin has been developed The same type of product. However, since then, the swellable body has not been used. Instead, various specific practice examples of rigid bodies are used. The chest is compressed, the lungs are inflated, and there are several advanced functions at a later time. These human body models are shown in WO (World Patent) 98/30994 and US Pat. No. 5,468,151. (III) SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object is to provide a low-cost resuscitation mannequin' that can be packaged in small sizes for transport and storage. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a resuscitation mannequin that produces a high degree of functional correctness during chest compression and pulmonary inflation. A further object of the present invention is to provide a resuscitation mannequin that includes 1333180 Γ--1 ''% year h month V6 day repair (more) replacement page few parts and easy to combine and use. One or several of the above The object is achieved by the present invention, wherein the expandable body is adapted to absorb the compressive force applied during the compression of the simulated chest. Due to the expandable body adapted to absorb the compressive force, a low-cost body that can be compacted into a small size is realized. Model. The mannequin should be packaged in a flat file and transported via postal mail. Because the mannequin contains a small number of zeros. (It is easy to manufacture and combine), so it is possible to achieve low selling price and mass production. Due to its small size, low price and easy to use, this mannequin can provide high quality and can provide basic life support training to the wider public. Provided to developing countries, they can't afford to buy the mannequins on the current market. It can also make schools, scout groups and other organizations that run life-saving training courses hand over individual human models to students. The utility model comprises a chest part and a head part. The two parts of the expansion chamber are connected to each other. During the compression of the chest, the head part is filled as an expansion chamber, thereby realizing a realistic chest compression scheme, wherein the chest is recessed by pressure. The expandable body preferably has a central portion defining a void that is constrained by a generally annular expandable portion. The body is stable and lying on the surface with minimal shaking. The mannequin preferably includes a chest plate that serves as a pressure distributor on the expandable body that is coupled to the expandable body by a resilient device. It is used to achieve even more realistic solutions during chest compressions. The mannequin should include a lung that connects the lung to a mask, • 6 - 1333180 -- Ί 乃 r r 曰 ( ( ( 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该 该The nose expands and the lung has a chest portion that is positioned substantially parallel to the breast portion of the expandable body, the mask being positioned on the head portion of the expandable body. In order to achieve the ability of lung ventilation training. The central portion of the cavity is adapted to accommodate a portion of the lung during the first phase of pulmonary inflation so as to achieve a first stage of pulmonary expansion during the first or no chest uplift. The face facing the hollow of the lung should have a resilient means for forcing the lungs of the portion that is inflated into the cavity to substantially detach from the cavity. In order to achieve a substantially complete emptying of the lungs during each lung expansion. The mask preferably has a crotch portion including an edge that pinches a portion of the lung toward the expandable body in a first state, in which the head portion is lying transversely to the expandable body The chest portion is in the same plane, and when the head portion is inclined relative to the chest portion, the edge is lifted away from the lungs, so that the heel portion is lifted at the same time, thereby tilting the head of the mannequin back and lifting the ankle portion Realistic requirements. A chest compression feedback device should be incorporated into the chest plate. When the predetermined compression force or depth is exceeded, the feedback device emits an audible or visible signal, and if necessary, a device for indicating sufficient lung expansion. . This approach provides enhanced training possibilities when the trainee gets feedback on the quality of chest compressions and lung inflation. The mannequin should be adapted to be deflated and folded into small heights along with the chest, lungs and mask to facilitate storage and delivery. When using the following and previous terms to indicate direction, like below, behind,
1333180 • I 月Vt)曰修(£)正替換頁 在下面、在上面等，此等術語係述及人體模型在其供使用 時之位置，即胸部壓迫和肺部膨脹時之位置。不應將彼等 解釋爲對於本發明的保護範圍具有任何限制意義。 (四）實施方式 第一具體實施例中，本發明的人體模型，如第1圖中 所示，具有四個主要部件：一可膨脹之本體丨、一肺部2 、一面罩3及一胸板4。 該可膨脹之本體具有胸部部分5、頸部部分6和頭部 部分7。此等部分具有共同之氣室8，可將其通過一自動密 封閥9塡充以空氣或氣體或變空。該閥9可能是自動密封 。閥9適當是尤其使用游泳玩具 '空氣墊及其類似物之標 準閥。爲了塡充該本體，使用人可使用其口吹氣通過該閥 或一具泵，例如，適合於膨脹游泳墊之栗。 氣室8是在本體1的胸部部分5中，通常係環形，留 下不具有供應空氣之能力且係由室8予以限制之中央部分 1〇’因此形成一空洞在中央部分10中。一薄片板可存在於 中央部分中，其具有一或數個孔11通過其中。此胸部構造 之效果即身體可橫臥，具有大接觸面積對著一表面，因此 係穩定而無搖晃之趨勢。如果室8延伸在整個的胸部部分 5上，則此現象可能導致或多或少球面胸部部分其可能僅 在中央部分與下層之表面接觸。 胸部部分5的環形適應經施加在胸板4上之胸壓力其 具有與對於一平均成人之胸壓迫所建議之相同大小，且提 供與平均成人相同大小的阻力和偏轉。 Ϊ333180 厂—_| 年上月4曰修(更)正替換買 可膨脹之本體具有耳部12以便扣繫面罩3，及視需要 亦具有耳部（圖中未示）以便扣繫胸板4。 肺部2係由在邊緣上焊接在一起之兩片塑料箔所組成 。該肺部2具有一胸部部分13其具有與本體1的胸部部分 5大槪相同形狀及較本體1的胸部部分5略小尺寸以及一 頸部部分14，其較本體1的頸部部分6少許狹窄。將肺部 在頸部部分14之終止處附有至面罩3，如在下文中將予解 釋。 使面罩成形具有人面的外觀，其中具有鼻15、口 16 頦、前額和顎27。鼻和口具有延伸通過面罩之孔17、18 。該面罩3係由相當軟的塑性材料所造成，其可屈服於手 指壓力，但是儘管如此仍能維持其形狀。 胸板4係由相當硬之塑性材料所造成。其一般具有與 本體1的胸部部分5相同形狀和尺寸。在胸板4的一邊緣 上，面對面罩3，該胸板具有一凹口 19其相似於人類的上 胸骨凹痕及相對邊緣上具有一突出之特徵20相似於人類 的劍突（突起）。此等特徵1 9、20可協助受訓練人認識人體 上之參考點。亦可將肺部的下端經由將形成在肺部上之耳 狀物（圖中未示）至胸骨的劍突（突起）上而緊固至胸板。胸 板4亦具有著色之乳頭21或在其他情況形成在其上表面上 。可將胸板的上表面經由具有高摩擦係數之軟材料覆蓋， 例如，經由模塑軟材料在胸板4的一部分或全部上表面上 。該軟材料可防止沿著受訓練人的手之滑脫及疲勞。 將一彈性繩22緊固至胸板4上。使用此繩22來支持 -9- 1333180 會 釁 少月0日修(更)正替換頁 胸板4對著可膨脹之本體1。其亦具有另外之目的，下文 中將予以解釋。 第2圖顯示經組合及具有呈完全膨脹狀態之本體1之 人體模型。如所示，彈性繩22環繞本體1之胸部部分5而 延伸並支持胸板4在對著本體1之位置。將面罩經由自面 罩的邊延伸通過頭部部分7的邊上之耳12中各孔之刻有螺 紋塑膠銷23緊固至本體1。亦可將彈性繩22貫穿通過胸 部部分5的邊上相似型的耳上之各孔。 第3圖中，顯示人體模型的內面。如自此圖顯然可見 可膨脹之本體1相對於一水平平面及亦相對於垂直縱向平 面（當然除去閥）呈對稱。使彈性繩22充分張緊而形成一小 凹處在可膨脹之本體1中，藉以形成槽24自中央部分10 延伸至本體1的邊。此槽24的目的是在壓縮期間引導經截 留在中央部分中之空氣至外面及讓空氣進入中央部分區域 中來防止身體吸引至它（正橫臥在其上）之表面。 第4圖中，將本體1放氣及將本體1在胸部部分5與 頸部部分6間之交叉線上摺疊以便使面罩3位於人體模型 之一面上及胸板4在相對面上。將本體1的胸部部分5之 側邊緣向內摺疊至小程度。此狀態中，舉例而言，該人體 模型型佔據較一 A4紙張更小面積及建成小於4厘米之高度 〇 第5a圖至第5d圖顯示面罩3的背面或內面。第5a圖 至第5c圖中，通過鼻和口之孔17、18可見。此等孔17、 18延伸入在面罩3的背面上之共同空洞34中。將一向上 -10-1333180 • I month Vt) repair (£) replacement page Below, above, etc., these terms refer to the position of the mannequin at the time of its use, ie chest compression and lung expansion. They are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way. (IV) Embodiments In the first specific embodiment, the human body model of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1, has four main components: an expandable body, a lung 2, a cover 3, and a chest plate. 4. The expandable body has a chest portion 5, a neck portion 6 and a head portion 7. These sections have a common plenum 8 which can be filled with air or gas or emptied through an automatic sealing valve 9. This valve 9 may be an automatic seal. The valve 9 is suitably a standard valve that uses, in particular, a swimming toy 'air cushion and the like. In order to replenish the body, the user can use his mouth to blow air through the valve or a pump, for example, a chest suitable for inflating a swimming mat. The plenum 8 is in the chest portion 5 of the body 1 and is generally annular, leaving a central portion 1 〇 ' that does not have the ability to supply air and is limited by the chamber 8 thus forming a void in the central portion 10. A thin plate may be present in the central portion with one or more holes 11 passing therethrough. The effect of this chest structure is that the body can be reclined with a large contact area facing a surface, so that it is stable without shaking. If the chamber 8 extends over the entire chest portion 5, this phenomenon may result in a more or less spherical chest portion which may only contact the surface of the lower layer at the central portion. The annular fit of the chest portion 5 is adapted to the chest pressure exerted on the chest plate 4 to have the same size as suggested for an average adult chest compression and to provide the same amount of resistance and deflection as the average adult. Ϊ 333180 Factory - _ | Last month 4 曰 repair (more) replacement replacement The swellable body has ears 12 for fastening the mask 3, and also has ears (not shown) as needed to buckle the chest 4. The lungs 2 are composed of two sheets of plastic foil welded together on the edges. The lung portion 2 has a chest portion 13 which has the same shape as the breast portion 5 of the body 1 and is slightly smaller than the chest portion 5 of the body 1 and a neck portion 14 which is slightly smaller than the neck portion 6 of the body 1. narrow. The lungs are attached to the mask 3 at the end of the neck portion 14, as will be explained hereinafter. The mask is shaped to have a human face with a nose 15, a mouth 16 , a forehead and a squat 27 . The nose and mouth have holes 17, 18 that extend through the mask. The mask 3 is made of a relatively soft plastic material that yields to finger pressure, but nevertheless maintains its shape. The chest plate 4 is made of a relatively hard plastic material. It generally has the same shape and size as the chest portion 5 of the body 1. On one edge of the chest plate 4, facing the mask 3, the chest plate has a notch 19 which is similar to the upper sternal indentation of the human body and has a protruding feature 20 on the opposite edge similar to the xiphoid (protrusion) of the human. These features 19 and 20 assist the trained person in recognizing the reference point on the human body. The lower end of the lung can also be fastened to the chest plate via an eagle (not shown) formed on the lung to the xiphoid (protrusion) of the sternum. The chest plate 4 also has a colored nipple 21 or otherwise formed on its upper surface. The upper surface of the chest plate may be covered with a soft material having a high coefficient of friction, for example, via a molded soft material on a part or all of the upper surface of the chest plate 4. The soft material prevents slippage and fatigue along the hands of the trained person. An elastic cord 22 is fastened to the chest plate 4. Use this rope 22 to support -9- 1333180. 衅 Less than 0 days to repair (more) replacement page The chest plate 4 is facing the inflatable body 1. It also has another purpose, which will be explained below. Figure 2 shows a human body model that is combined and has a body 1 in a fully expanded state. As shown, the elastic cord 22 extends around the breast portion 5 of the body 1 and supports the position of the breast panel 4 opposite the body 1. The mask is fastened to the body 1 by a threaded plastic pin 23 extending through the holes in the ear 12 on the side of the head portion 7 from the side of the mask. Elastic cords 22 can also be passed through the apertures in the similarly shaped ears on the sides of the thoracic portion 5. In Fig. 3, the inner surface of the mannequin is displayed. As is apparent from this figure, the expandable body 1 is symmetrical with respect to a horizontal plane and also with respect to a vertical longitudinal plane (of course removing the valve). The elastic cord 22 is sufficiently tensioned to form a recess in the expandable body 1 whereby the slot 24 is formed to extend from the central portion 10 to the side of the body 1. The purpose of this slot 24 is to direct the air trapped in the central portion to the outside and allow air to enter the central portion of the area during compression to prevent the body from attracting to the surface of it (lying on it). In Fig. 4, the body 1 is deflated and the body 1 is folded over the line of intersection between the chest portion 5 and the neck portion 6 so that the mask 3 is placed on one side of the mannequin and the breast plate 4 is on the opposite side. The side edges of the chest portion 5 of the body 1 are folded inward to a small extent. In this state, for example, the mannequin type occupies a smaller area than an A4 sheet and is built to a height of less than 4 cm. 〇 Figures 5a to 5d show the back or inner side of the mask 3. In Figures 5a through 5c, the holes 17, 18 are visible through the nose and mouth. These holes 17, 18 extend into a common cavity 34 on the back side of the mask 3. Will be an upward -10-
1333180 ι I 打年七月％日修(更)正替換頁 伸長之凸緣25形成環繞此空洞34。將肺部的頸部部分14 終端上之開口固定至此凸緣25。此固定可經由焊接、膠合 、按鈕配合或經由其他適當設備而爲之。該固定可能是永 久性或非永久性以便容許更換肺部。該凸緣25可能是大體 上圓形如第5a圖中所示或橢圓形如第5b圖及第5c圖中所 示。爲了使罩硬挺’可將肋部54形成在背面上。此方式可 便利訓練使用障壁通風裝置在人體模型之面罩的頂上，因 爲該面罩可抵抗來自面罩之壓力之變形 第5c圖中，顯示一頦支持板52(圖中未示）來支持面罩 的頦部分。第5d圖中，顯示一支持與連結板53其功能是 作爲對於頦部分及口和鼻區域之支持以及作爲可分離之肺 部2的連接片件。設計該連接片件來形成連接在肺部與罩 之間’提供可更換之肺部。使用可更換之肺部，可能將肺 部可予丟棄以便在使用後可將它丟棄。宜設計面罩以便容 易清潔。可將支持板和肺部連接片件52連接至面罩3內部 上之凸緣25,截留肺部的開口 50之邊緣在連接片件52與 凸緣25之間。 第6圖顯示通過呈不受影響狀態之人體模型之縱向截 面。如自此圖顯然可見，面罩具有邊緣26在顎27上，其 倚靠在肺部2的頸部部分14上，捏挾肺部的頸部部分14 在該邊緣26與膨脹本體ι的頸部部分6之間，因此閉合肺 部2的開口 28與肺部2的胸部部分13間之連通》面罩的 重量創造充分之壓力以防止受訓練人吹送空氣入肺部2中（ 除非將頦部分抬起）。 -11- 1333180 7坤上月W日修(更)正替換fj 爲了能吹送空氣入肺部2中’受訓練人必須將本體的 頭部部分7向後傾斜（見第7圖正好像受訓練人需要對 於失去知覺之人類那樣之操作。此頭部部分7之向後傾斜 抬起顎27的邊緣26離開胺2的頸部部分14’並開啓連通 下入肺部2的胸部部分13中。可實施吸氣’如同口對口或 口對鼻所實施之呼氣空氣復甦。需要逼真之吸氣容量來充 分塡充肺部至可見之隆起胸部。在第一階段中’肺部2的 膨脹可具有該項結果：肺部向下突出而入本體1胸部部分 5之中央部分1〇中之空洞中。在此階段期間’胸板4不會 提升。當將人類換氣時，確切相同效果可發生。在膨脹前 ，肺部將向本體內部擴張，導致胸部挺起。在第二階段中 ，如第7圖中所示，肺部會抬起胸板4。 肺部的放氣係由胸板4將空氣壓出肺部2，亦經由彈 性繩22之協助予以便利實施。可將彈性片狀材料29或許 多彈性帶位於肺部2與中央部分10之空洞間。可將此材料 片29或帶便利焊接或膠合至本體1。該材料片29或帶可 充作將延伸入中央部分10的空洞中之該部分的肺部2放氣 。此等功能亦可具有自動呼氣之效果，如在真人類體上。 第8圖顯示在胸部壓迫期間之人體模型，模擬心臟壓 迫。施加一向下力30對著乳頭21間，胸板4的頂表面。 上部胸骨凹痕19和胸骨之劍突（突起）20亦可協助受訓練人 放置手的正確位置。胸板可分佈壓力遍本體i之胸部部分 5。壓力可壓縮胸部部分5並強制空氣進入頸部部分6和頭 部部分7中，其可擴張至某一程度及充作膨脹室。經由本 •12- 1333.180 …一一_ β年h月〆日修(更)正替換頁 體1所施加之反壓產生胸部壓迫的逼真感覺。當施加所建 議之力時，偏轉宜應在38至51毫米的所建議範圍內。 爲了便利於學習程序，可將一種胸部壓迫指示器，如 經由本發明申請人在挪威專利申請案No.2002 6218號中所 敘述者（將其倂入本文以供參考）併合入胸板中β當經使用 於壓迫之力正超過預定等級時，此指示器會發射聲音。正 確肺部膨脹的指示亦可經由利用延伸通過肺部中之一開口 之繩，將胸部壓迫指示器與可膨脹之本體1連接予以實現 。當將肺部膨脹時，胸板將被提起而創造拉力在繩中。當 拉力超過一定範圍時，一聲音或目視信號自指示器中發出 〇 第9圖顯示倂合一另外特徵之人體模型的具體實施例 。將小氣泡3 1定位在頸部部分6之一側或每一側上。將該 頸部球31經由軟管32與氣球泵33連接。將氣球泵33定 位在中央部分10的空洞中。當實施胸部壓迫時，氣球泵將 被壓縮並強制空氣進入小頸部球31中。此操作的效果是模 擬之頸脈搏。視需要，可將氣球泵自空洞中移出並由教師 使用來模擬頸脈搏。 第10圖顯示本發明的人體模型之第二且較佳具體實 施例。它包括與先前具體實施例中相同之主要部件’即可 膨脹之本體1、肺部2、面罩3和胸板4。將解釋第10圖 的具體實施例與第2圖的具體實施例間之不同。精於該項 技藝人士應了解下文中未予明確述及之各特徵’兩具體實 施例中是大體上相似。 -13- 1333180 I » f)年y月〆曰修(更)正替換頁 胸板4具有覆蓋甚大部分的胸骨之軟槽。將一片的軟 材料40施加或嵌入此槽40中以容許在以較高程度的柔和 進行壓縮模擬期間，手方位適合使用人的手並減低滑脫之 虞。該軟區域可由與面罩3相同之材料所造成。 將劍突突起20回縮以致它不能自胸板的下邊緣突出。 代之者，使該劍突突起完全位於下邊緣上之凹處41以內。 此方式給予使用人如第2圖之具體實施例中相同參考，但 是減少了劍突突起成爲陷入其他目標或變得損壞之機會。 彈性繩22並非在可膨脹之本體1下一路上延伸。代之 者，將該繩成分兩個分開之繩22a和22b以便每一者自胸 板4延伸至經形成在可膨脹之本體1的邊上之一對耳狀物 42a和42b。可將每一繩的兩終端以任何適當方式緊固， (宜係可拆開）至此等耳狀物42a、42b。因爲繩22提供第2 圖的具體實施例中可膨脹之本體1下所截留空氣之排氣通 道，所以此功能經由第1 0圖的具體實施例中之其他設備予 以提供，如下文中將予敘述。 代替提供可膨脹之本體1下所截留空氣之排氣通道之 繩子’該胸板4是在其具有肋部（圖中未示）之內面上，其 形成摺皺在可膨脹之本體1中，空氣可沿著它逸出。膨脹 管43可充作相同目的，延伸在經膨脹之本體部件下。 將頸部部分6之寬度在其上面壓凹痕（未詳細顯示）以 便利於當將頭部向後傾斜時，頸部的彎曲。此彎曲形成— 聯繫其減少爲了維持頭部呈向後位置所必須之力，成爲更 逼真之力。 -14- 1333180 _ 月#日修便)正替換頁 面罩3的內部具有肋，其維持面罩3的形狀。亦將該 面罩在邊緣2 6上成形以便頭部的向後傾斜足以開敞通氣 道自鼻和口部分至肺部不須抬起顎27。該通氣道亦可經由 僅將面罩的顎27提升予以開敞。 第11圖顯示來自內面之人體模型。此圖顯示用於塡充 可膨脹本體1之設備的變更。將管43連接至可膨脹之本體 1(在44處）係在頸部部分與中央部分1〇之間。該中央部分 1 〇具有一完全開口代替兩小孔。管4 3延伸橫越中央部分 1〇中之開口並通過在其下邊緣上，經形成在可膨脹本體i 中之耳狀物44。在管的外端上存在一閉合45,其可能是與 使用在可膨脹玩具上之該型閉合相似之閉合。然而，該閉 合45不具有如可膨脹玩具中通常使用之任何止回閥。代之 者’該管43具有一彈性部分46，其可能被箍縮以防止在 塡充可膨脹之本體1期間空氣逸出。此方式容許將本體1 較快速放氣。 第12a圖顯示一肺部，其可連同具有圓形凸緣25之第 5a圖中所示之面罩一起使用。該肺部2具有較低之緊固帶 48，其終端具有箭頭的形狀。該肺部亦包括一連接面罩之 部分49。在此部分中有一開口 50在肺部的各壁之一中。 該肺部亦包括一漏孔55，將其定訂大小以便當將肺部放氣 時，讓空氣逸出。此漏孔55之尺寸是充分的小，當將肺部 膨脹時，對於讓空氣逸出不具有顯著作用，但是充分的大 ，當停止膨脹時，在正常呼氣期間讓空氣逸出。該孔亦可 充作防止肺部2的過度膨脹。除非膨脹體積大於250毫升 1333,180 -- ”年上月命修(更)正替換頁 ，此孔亦可充作防止可見之胸部膨脹。該孔亦可具有產生 聲音之設備，例如汽笛，或可見之伸出擴展。 第12b圖詳細顯示意欲供使用於第10圖具體實施例中 之肺部2。此肺部包括如關於第12a圖中所述之肺部相同 之一頸部部分14和一胸部部分13。另外，其包括一項帶 ^ 47其係由自頸部部分14的任一側以相對方向延伸之兩部 ’ 分4<7a和47b所組成。第一部分47a具有箭頭之形狀而第 二部分4 7b之終端具有一環之形狀。該連接面罩之部分49 是橢圓形以便配合面罩如第5b圖至第5d圖中所述。 φ 將頸帶47經由將帶部分47a的尖端穿透通過帶部分 47b的環（見第14圖）環繞可膨脹本體1之頸部部分6而緊 固。該頸帶47其功能係作爲一環，來支持肺部在適當位置 及伸長肺部2的頸部部分14。此操作可閉合通氣道，一旦 將肺部膨脹，其可防止空氣流回面罩。此功能亦可在環繞 頸部部分6延伸之橡膠帶協助下予以實踐。 可將下部緊固帶48貫穿通過耳狀物44中之第二孔51 或如果可實行，通過作爲管43之相同孔。此現象可更進一 馨 步協助保持肺部在可膨脹本體上之適當位置。 第13a圖至第13c圖顯示具有肺部與面罩的不同組合 ，經附著至面罩3之肺部2。第13a圖中，係將根據第5a 圖之面罩與根據第12a圖之肺部聯合。第13b圖中，係將 根據第5c圖之面罩連接至第12b圖之肺部。第13c圖中， 係將根據第5d圖之面罩連接至第12b圖之肺部。 關於本發明，另外之特徵亦係可能。 -16- 1333.180 I竹年f月％曰修正替換頁 亦可能使用一具栗（圖中未示）將本體1膨脹（和放氣） ，以避免閥9之污染。此方式亦可併合一安全閥其可防止 本體之過塡充及保證正確塡充。當將本體塡充以正確壓力 時’爲了促進可膨脹本體1的正確膨脹壓力，該本體亦可 具有印刷在其上之記號，當將本體塡充以正確壓力時，其 形成一定形狀’例如直線’或者，當達到正確壓力時，該 ’ 本體可呈現爲一定，容易可辨認之形狀。 該胸板可能是平面狀或具有相似於人類胸部之某些外 (構）形》 癱 亦可使用其他彈性設備代替彈性繩來連接胸板至可膨 脹之本體，像使用彈性網。 可將彈性織物纏繞在胸板上及本體的胸部部分上。此 織物可代替彈性繩。 亦可使肺部位於胸板的頂上或本體下面。 代替在面罩與可膨脹本體間捏挾肺部的頸部部分來阻 礙空氣通過。當將頭傾斜及/或使頦抬起時，頸中之一衰減 區域（其將肺部的頸部部分使用頸帶47a' 47b緊固至其上） ® 容許空氣通過。 面罩和肺部可作爲一單元可替換以防止污染及免除清 潔。肺部在底部可具有~可閉合之開口，可使用此開口來 讓清潔流體，例如肥皂或溫和消毒劑流經該肺部，隨後直 接自水龍頭用水沖洗，並通風去除水份。 各種部件之適當材料是： 可膨脹本體、面罩和肺部宜由一種軟塑性材料所造成 -17- 1333180 ??年凋〆曰修(更)正替換頁 ，以熱塑性塑膠爲適當，像PVC。PVC具有適度的低成本 且容易清潔。選擇適合所有此等部件之相同材料型式可減 少此等部件間化學反應之風險。 胸板宜由相當硬挺之塑性材料所造成，以熱塑性塑膠 爲適當。此材料亦可能是PVC，但是更宜是連同熱塑性彈 性體之聚醯胺（TPE)，因爲此化合物通常較PVC耐久。亦 可使用熱固性塑膠。 (五）圖式簡單說明 本發明將參照所附各圖式中所顯示之較佳具體實施例 予以充分詳細敘述，其中： 第1圖顯示本發明人體模型的分解圖，舉例說明主要 部件； 第2圖顯示呈組合及膨脹狀態之本發明的人體模型； 第3圖顯示呈膨脹狀態之本發明人體模型的下面； 第4圖顯示預備輸送或儲存之呈放氣和摺疊狀態之人 體模型； 第5圖顯示面罩的後部； 第6圖顯示通過呈預備供使用狀態之人體模型的縱向 截面； 第7圖顯示通過在肺部膨脹期間，人體模型之縱向截 面； 第8圖顯示通過在壓縮期間，人體模型之縱向截面； 第9圖顯示通過本發明人體模型的另外具體實施例之 縱向截面； -18- 1333180 ---- ”年軸正替換頁 第10圖顯示呈組合及膨脹狀態之本發明的另種和較 佳具體實施例； 第11圖顯示根據第10圖之具體實施例，人體模型的 內面； 第12圖顯示供使用於第10圖具體實施例中之肺部； 第13a、13b、13c圖各顯示供使用於第10圖具體實施 胃 例中之肺部和面罩組合；以及 第14圖顯示第10圖中一部分的人體模型’詳細顯示 頸部部分。 φ 主要元件符號說明 1 可膨脹之本體 2 肺部 3 面罩 4 胸板 5 胸部部分 6,14 頸部部分 7 頭部部分 8 共同之氣室 9 閥 10 中央部分 11,17,18 孔 12,44 耳狀物 13 胸部部分 15 鼻 -19- 1333180 年，月“日修(更)正替換頁 16 □ 19 凹痕 20 劍突突起 2 1 乳頭 22 彈性繩 22a,22b 分開繩 23 刻螺紋之塑膠銷 24,40 槽 25 向上伸長之凸緣 26 邊緣 27 前額和顎 28,50 開口 29 彈性片材料 30 向下力 3 1 空氣泡，頸球 32,5 1 孔 3 3 氣球泵 40 軟材料 4 1 凹處 42a,42b 耳狀物 43 膨脹管 45 閉合 46 回彈部分 47 頸帶 -20- 1333180 打年r月>6日修(£)正替換頁 47a，47b 零 件 48 緊 固 帶 49 罩 連 接 部 分 52 頦 支 持 板 53 支 持 與 連 接板 54 肋 部 5 5 漏 孔1333180 ι I Year of the seventh year of the year (more) replacement page The elongated flange 25 is formed to surround the cavity 34. An opening in the terminal end of the neck portion 14 of the lung is secured to the flange 25. This fixing can be made by welding, gluing, button fitting or via other suitable equipment. This fixation may be permanent or non-permanent in order to allow replacement of the lungs. The flange 25 may be generally circular as shown in Figure 5a or elliptical as shown in Figures 5b and 5c. In order to stiffen the cover, the ribs 54 may be formed on the back surface. This method facilitates the training of the barrier ventilator on the top of the mask of the mannequin, since the mask resists deformation from the pressure of the mask. Figure 5c shows a support plate 52 (not shown) to support the mask. section. In Fig. 5d, a support and web 53 is shown which functions as a support for the ankle portion and the mouth and nose regions and as a separable segment of the lung portion 2. The connecting piece is designed to form a connection between the lung and the hood to provide a replaceable lung. With a replaceable lung, the lungs may be discarded so that they can be discarded after use. A mask should be designed for easy cleaning. The support plate and lung attachment piece 52 can be attached to the flange 25 on the interior of the mask 3, with the edge of the opening 50 enclosing the lung between the attachment piece 52 and the flange 25. Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section through a mannequin that is in an unaffected state. As is apparent from this figure, the mask has an edge 26 on the file 27 that rests on the neck portion 14 of the lung 2, pinching the neck portion 14 of the lung at the edge 26 and the neck portion of the expanded body ι Between 6, thus closing the opening 28 of the lung 2 and the chest portion 13 of the lung 2 the weight of the mask creates sufficient pressure to prevent the trained person from blowing air into the lungs 2 (unless the sputum portion is lifted up) ). -11- 1333180 7Kun last month W-day repair (more) is replacing fj in order to be able to blow air into the lungs 2 'The trainee must tilt the head part 7 of the body backwards (see Figure 7 as if the trainee There is a need for an operation that is unconscious for humans. The edge 26 of the head portion 7 that is inclined rearwardly lifted away from the neck portion 14' of the amine 2 and opens into communication with the chest portion 13 of the lower lung 2 can be implemented. Inhalation is like a mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-nose exhalation air resuscitation. A realistic inspiratory capacity is required to fully replenish the lungs to the visible bulging chest. In the first phase, the expansion of the lungs 2 may have this Item: The lung protrudes downward into the cavity in the central portion 1 of the chest portion 5 of the body 1. During this phase, the chest plate 4 does not rise. When the human is ventilated, the exact same effect can occur. Before inflation, the lungs will expand toward the inside of the body, causing the chest to rise. In the second stage, as shown in Figure 7, the lungs will lift the chest plate 4. The deflation of the lungs will be empty by the chest plate 4. Air pressure out of the lungs 2, also facilitated by the assistance of the elastic rope 22 An elastic sheet material 29 or a plurality of elastic bands can be placed between the hollow portion 2 and the hollow of the central portion 10. The sheet 29 or strip can be conveniently welded or glued to the body 1. The sheet of material 29 or strip can be used as a The lungs 2 of the portion extending into the cavity of the central portion 10 are deflated. These functions may also have the effect of automatic exhalation, such as on a human body. Figure 8 shows the mannequin during chest compression, simulation The heart is compressed. A downward force 30 is applied against the nipple 21, the top surface of the chest plate 4. The upper sternal indent 19 and the sternum bulge (protrusion) 20 can also assist the trained person in placing the correct position of the hand. Passing through the chest portion 5 of the body i. The pressure compresses the chest portion 5 and forces air into the neck portion 6 and the head portion 7, which can be expanded to a certain extent and act as an expansion chamber. Via Ben 12-13333.180 ... A _ β year h 〆 修 repair (more) is replacing the back pressure exerted by the page body 1 to produce a realistic feeling of chest compression. When applying the recommended force, the deflection should be within the recommended range of 38 to 51 mm In order to facilitate the learning process, A chest compression indicator, as described in the Norwegian Patent Application No. 2002 6218 by the applicant of the present invention, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety in When the predetermined level is exceeded, the indicator emits a sound. The indication of correct lung inflation can also be achieved by connecting the chest compression indicator to the expandable body 1 using a cord extending through one of the openings in the lung. When the lungs are inflated, the chest plate will be lifted to create a pulling force in the rope. When the pulling force exceeds a certain range, a sound or visual signal is emitted from the indicator. Figure 9 shows a specific embodiment of a human body model incorporating another feature. The small bubbles 31 are positioned on one side or each side of the neck portion 6. The neck ball 31 is connected to the balloon pump 33 via a hose 32. The balloon pump 33 is positioned in the hollow of the central portion 10. When chest compression is performed, the balloon pump will be compressed and forced air into the small neck ball 31. The effect of this operation is the simulated neck pulse. The balloon pump can be removed from the cavity and used by the teacher to simulate the neck pulse, as needed. Fig. 10 shows a second and preferred embodiment of the human body model of the present invention. It comprises the same main components as in the previous embodiment, i.e., the body 1, the lung 2, the mask 3 and the chest plate 4. The difference between the specific embodiment of Fig. 10 and the specific embodiment of Fig. 2 will be explained. Skilled artisans should be aware that the various features not specifically described below are generally similar in the two specific embodiments. -13- 1333180 I » f) Year y-month repair (more) replacement page The chest plate 4 has a soft groove covering most of the sternum. A piece of soft material 40 is applied or embedded in this slot 40 to allow for a hand orientation suitable for use with a human hand and to reduce slippage during compression simulations with a higher degree of softness. This soft area can be caused by the same material as the mask 3. The xiphoid protrusion 20 is retracted so that it cannot protrude from the lower edge of the chest plate. Instead, the xiphoid protrusion is located entirely within the recess 41 on the lower edge. This approach gives the user the same reference as in the specific embodiment of Figure 2, but reduces the chance that the xiphoid process will become trapped or become damaged. The elastic cord 22 does not extend along the next path of the expandable body 1. Instead, the cord is divided into two separate strands 22a and 22b so that each extends from the chest plate 4 to one of the ears 42a and 42b formed on the side of the expandable body 1. The two ends of each cord can be fastened (preferably detachable) to the ears 42a, 42b in any suitable manner. Since the cord 22 provides an exhaust passage for trapping air under the expandable body 1 in the embodiment of Figure 2, this function is provided via other means in the specific embodiment of Figure 10, as will be described below . Instead of providing a cord for the exhaust passage of the air trapped under the expandable body 1, the chest plate 4 is on its inner surface having ribs (not shown) which are formed into wrinkles in the expandable body 1, air It can escape along it. The expansion tube 43 can serve the same purpose and extends under the expanded body member. The width of the neck portion 6 is embossed thereon (not shown in detail) to facilitate bending of the neck when the head is tilted rearward. This bending is formed—reducing it to reduce the force necessary to maintain the head in a rearward position, making it more realistic. -14- 1333180 _月#日修便) The replacement page The inside of the mask 3 has ribs which maintain the shape of the mask 3. The mask is also formed on the rim 26 so that the rearward tilting of the head is sufficient to open the ventilator 27 from the nose and mouth portion to the lungs without lifting. The air passage can also be opened by lifting only the cymbal 27 of the mask. Figure 11 shows the mannequin from the inside. This figure shows the changes to the device for filling the expandable body 1. The tube 43 is attached to the expandable body 1 (at 44) between the neck portion and the central portion 1〇. The central portion 1 has a full opening instead of two small holes. The tube 43 extends across the opening in the central portion 1 and passes over the lower portion of the central portion of the ear 44 formed in the expandable body i. There is a closure 45 on the outer end of the tube which may be similar to the closure of the type used on the inflatable toy. However, the closure 45 does not have any check valves as are commonly used in inflatable toys. Instead, the tube 43 has a resilient portion 46 that may be pinched to prevent air from escaping during filling of the expandable body 1. This mode allows the body 1 to be deflated more quickly. Figure 12a shows a lung that can be used in conjunction with a mask as shown in Figure 5a with a circular flange 25. The lung portion 2 has a lower fastening band 48, the terminal of which has the shape of an arrow. The lung also includes a portion 49 that connects the mask. In this section an opening 50 is in one of the walls of the lungs. The lung also includes a leak aperture 55 that is sized to allow air to escape when the lungs are deflated. The size of the leak hole 55 is sufficiently small that it does not have a significant effect on letting air escape when the lung is inflated, but is sufficiently large to allow air to escape during normal exhalation when the expansion is stopped. The hole can also be used to prevent excessive expansion of the lungs 2. Unless the expansion volume is greater than 250 ml 1333, 180 -- ” last month, the hole is also replaced to prevent visible chest expansion. The hole can also have sound-generating equipment, such as a whistle, or Visible extensions. Fig. 12b shows in detail the lungs 2 intended for use in the specific embodiment of Fig. 10. This lung includes one of the neck portions 14 and the same as the lungs described in relation to Fig. 12a. A chest portion 13. In addition, it includes a belt 47 consisting of two portions '4' and 7b extending in opposite directions from either side of the neck portion 14. The first portion 47a has the shape of an arrow The terminal of the second portion 47b has a ring shape. The portion 49 of the connecting mask is elliptical so as to fit the mask as described in Figures 5b to 5d. φ The neckband 47 is passed through the tip of the belt portion 47a. The ring is passed around the neck portion 6 of the expandable body 1 through the loop of the strap portion 47b (see Figure 14). The neck strap 47 functions as a loop to support the lungs in position and to extend the lungs 2 Neck portion 14. This operation closes the airway once The lungs are inflated to prevent air from flowing back to the mask. This function can also be practiced with the aid of a rubber band extending around the neck portion 6. The lower fastening strip 48 can be passed through the second aperture 51 in the ear 44. Or, if practicable, through the same hole as tube 43. This phenomenon can further assist in maintaining the proper position of the lung on the expandable body. Figures 13a-13c show different combinations of lungs and masks, Attached to the lungs 2 of the mask 3. In Fig. 13a, the mask according to Fig. 5a is combined with the lung according to Fig. 12a. In Fig. 13b, the mask according to Fig. 5c is connected to the 12b In the lungs of Fig. 13c, the mask according to Fig. 5d is connected to the lungs of Fig. 12b. Other features are also possible with regard to the present invention. -16- 1333.180 I. The replacement page may also use a chestnut (not shown) to expand (and deflate) the body 1 to avoid contamination of the valve 9. This method may also be combined with a safety valve that prevents the body from overfilling and ensuring correctness.塡充. When the body is filled with the correct pressure, 'to promote Into the correct expansion pressure of the expandable body 1, the body may also have a mark printed thereon, when the body is filled with the correct pressure, it forms a shape 'such as a straight line' or, when the correct pressure is reached, the ' The body may be presented in a shape that is easily identifiable. The chest may be planar or have some outer shape similar to that of a human chest. Other elastic devices may be used instead of elastic cords to connect the chest to the expandable The body, like an elastic mesh, can be wrapped around the chest plate and the chest portion of the body. This fabric can replace the elastic rope. The lungs can also be placed on the top of the chest or under the body. Instead of between the mask and the expandable body. Pinch the neck portion of the lungs to block the passage of air. One of the neck's attenuating areas (which secures the neck portion of the lungs to the neck portion 47a' 47b) when the head is tilted and/or raised, allows air to pass. The mask and lungs can be replaced as a unit to prevent contamination and eliminate cleaning. The lungs can have a ~closable opening at the bottom that can be used to allow a cleaning fluid, such as soap or mild disinfectant, to flow through the lungs, then rinse directly from the faucet with water and ventilate to remove moisture. Appropriate materials for the various components are: The expandable body, mask and lungs should be caused by a soft plastic material. -17- 1333180 ?? Years of repair (more) replacement page, suitable for thermoplastics, like PVC. PVC is moderately low cost and easy to clean. Choosing the same material type for all of these components reduces the risk of chemical reactions between these components. The chest plate should be made of a rather stiff plastic material, suitably thermoplastic. This material may also be PVC, but is more preferably a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) because it is generally more durable than PVC. Thermosetting plastics can also be used. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will be described in sufficient detail with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein: FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the human body model of the present invention, illustrating the main components; 2 shows a human body model of the present invention in a combined and expanded state; FIG. 3 shows the underside of the human body model of the present invention in an expanded state; and FIG. 4 shows a human body model in a deflated and folded state ready for transport or storage; Figure 5 shows the rear of the mask; Figure 6 shows the longitudinal section through the mannequin in ready-to-use state; Figure 7 shows the longitudinal section through the mannequin during inflation of the lung; Figure 8 shows the passage through during compression, Longitudinal section of the mannequin; Figure 9 shows a longitudinal section through another embodiment of the mannequin of the present invention; -18- 1333180 ---- "Year of the annual replacement page" Figure 10 shows the invention in a combined and expanded state Alternative and preferred embodiments; Figure 11 shows the inner face of the mannequin according to the specific embodiment of Fig. 10; Fig. 12 shows the use of the inner face of Fig. 10 The lungs in the embodiment; the figures 13a, 13b, and 13c each show a lung and a mask combination for use in the stomach example of Fig. 10; and Fig. 14 shows a part of the human body model in Fig. 10' Display the neck section φ Main component symbol description 1 Expandable body 2 Lungs 3 Mask 4 Breast plate 5 Chest part 6, 14 Neck part 7 Head part 8 Common air chamber 9 Valve 10 Central part 11, 17, 18 Hole 12,44 Ear 13 Thoracic part 15 Nasal-19- 1333180, Month "Day repair (more) replacement page 16 □ 19 Dent 20 Sword protrusion 2 1 Nipple 22 Elastic rope 22a, 22b Separate rope 23 engraved Threaded plastic pin 24, 40 slot 25 upwardly elongated flange 26 edge 27 forehead and 颚 28,50 opening 29 elastic sheet material 30 downward force 3 1 air bubble, neck ball 32,5 1 hole 3 3 balloon pump 40 Soft material 4 1 recess 42a, 42b ear 43 expansion tube 45 closure 46 rebound portion 47 neck strap -20- 1333180 yearly r month > 6 day repair (£) replacement page 47a, 47b part 48 fastening With 49 cover connection part 52 颏 support plate 53 Support and connecting plate 54 Rib 5 5 Leakage
-21--twenty one-