TWI332579B - Apparatus for recognising alternating current - Google Patents

Description

I33257?. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] [0001] The present invention relates to an alternating current identification device. [Prior Art] [0002] The power supply system of the conventional electric equipment basically adopts three-wire alternating current, and the alternating line of the alternating current (Live Line) and the neutral line (Neutral Line, or neutral line) are used for supplying the ground line (Ground Line). Grounding protects the user from the risk of electric shock.

[0003] AC power is generally the most widely used in both 110V and 220V power systems. The 110V parent flow power system is a single-phase two-wire plus ground, that is, 110V on the fire line. And 22 (^^. 流宁力系,统依^ voltage generation methods are divided into single-phase two-line plus ground (1Φ2 f) and single 'phase. Three lines: ('1 φ 3 w) two types of 'single-phase two-line plus land (l〇2W+G) 'There is 220V voltage on the fire line; single-phase three-wire (1<D3W), that is, the uov voltage on the live line and the neutral line respectively.

All countries in the world define the appropriate voltage, plug and socket specifications according to the IEC (international Electro Technical Commission) and NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) specifications. However, due to the wide variety of plugs and sockets and errors in wiring electrical work, it is possible that the wall socket and the neutral wiring are incorrectly connected (ie, the single-phase two-wire plus ground (1<D2W+G) is reversed, and the live and neutral wires are reversed. ), it is also possible to mix single-phase two-wire plus ground (1 (D2W + G) and single-phase three-wire (1Φ3Ψ) sockets in the 220V power system. The wrong configuration of the live and neutral lines may cause the AC surface of the metal surface of the electrical equipment. Causes the human body to get an electric shock; or a precision instrument that is more demanding on the power supply or 095114425 Form Dock No. A0101 Page 3 of 15 Page 0993263280-0 1332579 Correction of the replacement page measuring device caused the burning of its internal circuit Usually, the fuse is connected to the live line and the neutral line. When the power supply is abnormal, the fuse is automatically blown to protect the electrical equipment. Although the fuse is simple in structure and low in cost, its safety is relatively rough and unresponsive. The protection of the electric equipment is small, and after the fuse is blown, in order to continue to work normally using the electric equipment, the user must immediately replace it.

[0004] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an AC identification device that is convenient to use and can avoid burning of electrical equipment and electric shock of personnel in time.

[0005] An AC identification device for identifying an AC state, comprising a first voltage detection circuit, a second voltage debt measurement circuit, a comparison circuit, and a microprocessor. The first voltage detecting circuit is connected to the ground line of the alternating current and the ground line, and divides, rectifies and potentials the voltage between the live line and the ground line to output a first detecting signal. The second voltage detecting circuit is connected to the alternating current neutral line and the ground line, and divides, rectifies and potentials the voltage between the neutral line and the ground line to output a second detecting signal. The comparison circuit compares the first detection signal and the second detection signal to output a first output signal and a second output signal to the microprocessor to display the state of the alternating current. [0006] The AC identification device recognizes the state of the alternating current to avoid burning of the electrical equipment and electric shock of the personnel. [0007] Referring to FIG. 1, a preferred embodiment of an AC identification device of the present invention is used to identify an AC state, which includes a first voltage detection circuit 10 and a second voltage detection circuit 20. , a comparison circuit 30 and a microprocessor 40 095114425 Form No. A0101 Page 4 / Total 15 Page 0993263280-0 1332579 Fixed the replacement page on July 22, 099. The first voltage detecting circuit 10 is connected to the ground line G of the alternating current and the ground line G, and divides, rectifies and corrects the voltage between the live line L and the ground line G, and outputs a first detecting signal 18 . The second voltage detecting circuit 20 is connected to the alternating current neutral line N and the ground line G, and divides, rectifies, and potentials the voltage between the neutral line N and the ground line G, and outputs a second Detector. Signal number 28. The comparison circuit 30 compares the first detection signal 18 and the second detection signal 28 and outputs a first output signal 32 and a second output signal 34 to the microprocessor 40 to display the state of the alternating current. Referring to FIG. 2, the first voltage detecting circuit 1 includes a voltage dividing circuit 12, a rectifying and filtering circuit 14, and a voltage level determining circuit 16 connected in sequence. :瞻...ΐ ::, 1: “V : :彳; [0009] The voltage dividing circuit 12 includes a resistor RY and a resistor R2. The rectifier filter circuit 14 includes a diode D1 and a button capacitor C1. The voltage level determining circuit 16 includes a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a pull-up resistor R5, a pull-up resistor R6, an NPN transistor Q1, a PNP transistor Q2, and a DC:.: power supply V cc 1.

[0010] The resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected in series between the live line l of the alternating current and the ground line g. The anode of the diode D1 is connected to the common junction between the resistor ri and the resistor, and the cathode is connected to the anode of the capacitor C1, and the cathode of the capacitor ci is grounded. One end of the resistor R3 is connected to the cathode of the diode di, and the other end is connected in series with the resistor R4 and grounded. The base of the 1^1^1 type transistor qi is connected to a common junction between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4, and the emitter is grounded, and the collector is respectively connected to the pull-up resistor R5 and the PNP-type transistor. The base of Q2 is connected. The emitter of the PNP transistor Q2 is connected to the pull-up resistor R6, and its collector is grounded. The other end of the pull-up resistor R5 and the pull-up resistor R6 is connected to the 095114425 form number A0101 page 5/15 page 0993263280-0 [0011] 1332579 straight μ power supply · V c c 1 . The emitter output of crystal Q2. ^099年03⁄4 4日 Shuttle replacement page The first detection signal 18 is from the PNP type [0012] [0013] The second voltage_electricity (10) has the same circuit structure as the first pressing circuit (4), The method includes a tap circuit 22, a rectifying filter circuit 24, and a voltage level determining circuit 26. The voltage dividing circuit 22 includes a resistor R7 and a capacitor, and the rectifier filter circuit 24 includes a pole body D2 and a group capacitor C2. The voltage level determining circuit 26 includes a resistor R9, a resistor_...a pull-up resistor Rn, a pull-up resistor R12, a type transistor q3, a clear-type transistor, and a DC power source Vcc2. As shown in Fig. 2, the resistor is coupled to the resistor 8 to be coupled between the alternating current neutral line N and the ground line G. The anode of the diode D2 is connected to a common junction between the resistor and the resistor R8, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the anode of the capacitor, and the cathode of the button capacitor C2 is grounded. One end of the resistor (5) and the second The cathode of the pole body D2 is connected to the other end and is connected in series with the resistor brother 1 (). The base of the NPN transistor Q3 is connected to the common junction between the resistor " and the resistor R1〇, and its emitter Grounding, the collector is respectively connected to the base of the pull-up resistor R11 and the PNP-type transistor Q4. The emitter of the pnp-type transistor Q4 and the pull-up resistor R12' are grounded to the collector. The pull-up resistor rii The other end of the pull-up resistor R12 is connected to the DC power supply vcc2. The second debt measurement signal 28 is output from the emitter of the PNP-type transistor Q4.

The comparison circuit 30 includes a reverse gate UC' - and a gate UA and a reverse gate UB. The first detection signal 18 is simultaneously input to the input terminal 5 of the reverse gate uc and the first input terminal 3 of the inverse gate UB. The second detection signal 28 is simultaneously input to the 095114425 Form No. A0101 Page 6 / Total 15 Page 0993263280-0 [0014] 1332579 The correction input page and the second input end 2 of the brake UA and the counter are fixed on July 22, 099 Or the second input 4 of the gate UB. The wheel 6 of the reverse brake UC is connected to the first input 1 of the gate UA. The gate UA outputs the first output signal 32, and the inverse gate outputs the second output signal 34. [0015] The microprocessor 40 includes an input terminal pi and an input terminal P2, and the input terminal P1 receives the The first output signal 32 of the comparison circuit 30 receives the second output signal 34 of the comparison circuit 30. [0016] When the live line L of the alternating current and the ground line G are connected to the first voltage detecting circuit 10. After the neutral line N and the ground line G are connected to the second voltage detecting circuit 20, the first voltage detecting circuit 1 transmits the fire line L and the **' C' ' through the _ voltage dividing circuit 12, The voltage between the ground lines G is stepped down. The voltage component of the DC voltage is taken out by the rectifying filial circuit 14 and the voltage level determining circuit 16 is passed. The electric level determining circuit 16 passes the After the resistor Μ and the resistor R4 are stepped down again, 'triggering the NPN transistor Q1 is turned on' to turn on the PNP transistor Q2, and output a low potential, the spur signal 18 to the comparison circuit 30; the second voltage The detecting circuit 2 ι stepped over the voltage dividing circuit 22 to step down the voltage between the neutral line 忖 and the 9 ground line G. Further, the rectifying and filtering circuit 24 takes out the DC voltage component thereof and outputs the DC voltage component to the voltage level determining circuit 26, and the voltage level determining circuit 26 passes through the power and the R9 and the resistor R10 are stepped down again to 'trigger The NPN transistor Q3 is turned on to further turn on the PNP transistor Q4, and output a low potential second detection signal 28 to the comparison circuit 30. If no alternating current is connected to the identification device, the first detection signal 18 The second detection signal 28 is maintained at the potential due to the pull-up resistor R12 due to the pull-up resistor R6 being held at a high potential. [0017] 095114425, as shown in the truth table 1, when the comparison circuit 30 receives the first detection signal 18 form number Α 0101 page 7 / a total of 15 pages 0993263280-0 1332579 099 July date correction replacement page and After detecting the signal 28, after the logic operations of the reverse gate UC, the gate UA and the inverse gate UB, the first output signal 32 and the second output signal 34 are outputted to the input terminals Ρ1 and Ρ2 of the microprocessor 40. The microprocessor 40 can display the state of the alternating current according to the signals of the input terminals Ρ1 and Ρ2 (110V single-phase two-wire plus ground (1Φ2\Η〇, 110V single-phase two-wire plus ground (inverting) (1Φ 2W + G) or 220V Single-phase three-wire (1CD3W)).

[0018] When the alternating current of the 220V single-phase three-wire is connected to the alternating current identification device, the first voltage detecting circuit 10 outputs the first detection signal 18 of low potential to the comparison circuit 30; the output of the second voltage detecting circuit 10 is low. The second detection signal 28 of the potential is to the comparison circuit 30. The signal received by the input terminal 5 of the reverse gate UC and the first input terminal 3 of the inverse gate UB is low. The signal received by the second input terminal 2 of the AND gate UA and the second input terminal 4 of the reverse gate UB is a low potential. The signal received by the first input terminal 1 of the AND gate UA is high. At this time, the AND gate UA outputs the low potential first output signal 32 to the input terminal Ρ1 of the microprocessor 40, and the inverse OR gate UB outputs the high potential second output signal 34 to the input terminal of the microprocessor 40. Ρ 2. [0019] When the 110V single-phase two-wire plus ground (inverted) alternating current is connected to the alternating current identifying device, the first voltage detecting circuit 10 outputs a high potential first detecting signal 18 to the comparing circuit 30; the second voltage The detecting circuit 10 outputs a low potential second detecting signal 28 to the comparing circuit 30. The signal received by the input terminal 5 of the reverse gate UC and the first input terminal 3 of the inverse gate UB is high. The signal received by the second input terminal 2 of the AND gate UA and the second input terminal 4 of the inverse gate UB is low. The signal received by the first input terminal 1 of the AND gate UA is low. At this time, the AND gate UA outputs the low potential first output signal 32 to the input terminal Ρ1 of the microprocessor 40, and the reverse OR gate UB will be low potential 095114425 Form number Α0101 Page 8 / Total 15 pages 0993263280-0 1332579 . [0020]

[0022] The second output signal 34 is output to the input of the microprocessor 40? 2. When the 110 V or 2 2 0 V single-phase two-wire grounding AC is connected to the AC identification device, the first voltage detecting circuit 10 outputs a low potential first integrated measuring signal 18 to the comparing circuit 30; the second voltage detecting The measuring circuit 10 outputs a second detection signal 28 of high potential to the comparison circuit 30. The signal received by the reverse gate UCI input terminal 5 and the first input terminal 3 of the inverse gate UB is low. The signal received by the second input terminal 2 of the AND gate UA and the second input terminal 4 of the inverse or UB is high. The signal received by the first input terminal 1 of the AND gate UA is still potential. At this time, the gate 1^ outputs the high-potential first output signal 32 to the input terminal P1 of the microprocessor 40. The reverse or gate output the low-level output signal 34 to the input 40 of the microprocessor 40. ,

W Table 1

Tfc is compared with each input signal of the circuit (UA>^Output signal comparison circuit (UB) turns out signal AC status UC5 UB.3 UA.2 UA.4 UA.1 UCA UC.5 UA.1*UA. 2 UB.3+UB.4 0 1 1 1 0 220V or 110V single-phase two-wire plus ground 0 0 1 0 1 220V single-phase three-wire 1 0 0 0 0 110V single-phase two-line plus him (reverse) [0023] As described above, the present invention meets the requirements of the invention patent, and the patent application is filed according to law. However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art of the present invention are equivalent in the spirit of the present invention. Modifications or variations are to be included in the scope of the following patent application. [Simple description of the drawings] 095114425 Form No. 1010101 Page 9 of 15 0993263280-0 1332579 Correction replacement page of July 22, 2008 [0024] Figure 1 2 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of an alternating current identification device of the present invention. [0025] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of an alternating current identification device of the present invention. [Description of Main Components] [0026] First Voltage Detection Circuit: 1 0 [0027] First detection signal: 18 [0028] Second voltage detection circuit: 2 0 [0029] Second detection signal: 28 · [0030] Comparison circuit: 30 [0031] First output signal: 32 II ([0032] Second output signal: 34 [0033] Microprocessor: 40 [0034] Input: PI, P2 [0035] Voltage divider circuit: 12, 2 2 φ [0036] Rectifier filter circuit: 14, 24 [0037] Voltage level decision circuit: 16, 26 [0038] Diode: Dl, D2 [0039] Tantalum Capacitor: Cl, C2

[0040] Gate: UA

[0041] Reverse gate: UB 095114425 Form number A0101 Page 10 of 15 0993263280-0 Correction replacement page of July 22, 099 1332579

[0042] Reverse gate: UC

[0043] DC power supply: V cc 1, V cc 2 [0044] Transistor: Ql, Q2, Q3, Q4 [0045] Resistor: Rl, R2, R3, R4, R7, R8, R9, R10 [0046] Pull resistance: R5, R6, Rll, R12

095114425 Form No. A0101 Page II / Total 15 Pages 0993263280-0

Claims (1)

1332579 _^ July 2, 299, the revised replacement page VII, the scope of the patent application: 1. An AC identification device for identifying the state of an alternating current, comprising a first voltage detecting circuit and a second voltage detecting circuit a comparison circuit and a microprocessor, the first voltage detecting circuit is connected to the live line of the alternating current and the ground line, and the voltage between the live line and the ground line is divided, rectified, and the potential is judged, and the first output is performed. Detecting a signal, the second voltage detecting circuit is connected to the alternating current neutral line and the ground line, and divides, rectifies, and potentials the voltage between the neutral line and the ground line to output a second detection. The comparison circuit compares the first detection signal and the second detection signal | and outputs a first output signal and a second output signal to the microprocessor to display the state of the alternating current. 2. The electrical and electronic identification device of claim 1, wherein the first voltage detecting circuit and the second voltage detecting circuit respectively comprise a voltage dividing circuit, a rectifying and filtering circuit, and A voltage level determining circuit. 3. The alternating current identification device of claim 2, wherein each voltage dividing circuit comprises a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series with each other; each rectifier filter circuit comprises a diode and a The anode 4 of each diode is connected to a common junction of the first resistor and the second resistor, and each capacitor is connected between the cathode of the corresponding diode and the ground; each voltage level determining circuit includes a first a transistor and a second transistor; a base of each of the first transistors is connected to a cathode of the corresponding diode, and an emitter is grounded, and the collectors are respectively connected to the DC power supply and the base of the corresponding second transistor Connected; each collector of the second transistor is grounded, and its emitter is connected to a corresponding DC power source. 4. The alternating current identification device according to claim 3, wherein each voltage level determining circuit further comprises a voltage dividing circuit, each voltage dividing circuit 095114425, form number A0101, page 12, total 15 pages, 0993263280 -0 1332579 The verification replacement page of July 22, 099 includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor connected in series between the cathode of the corresponding diode and the ground, and the base of each first transistor is connected to the corresponding The common point between the three resistors and the fourth resistor. 5. The alternating current identification device of claim 3, wherein the collector of each first transistor is connected to a corresponding DC power source through a first pull-up resistor; the emitter of each second transistor is transmitted through a The second pull-up resistor is connected to the corresponding DC power source. 6. The alternating current identification device according to claim 3, wherein the The emitter of the second transistor of the voltage detecting circuit outputs the first detecting signal, and the emitter of the second transistor of the second voltage detecting circuit outputs the second detecting signal. The alternating current identification device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the comparison circuit comprises a reverse gate, a gate and an inverse gate, and the first detection signal is input to The input end of the reverse gate and the first input end of the reverse gate, the second detection signal is input to the second input end of the gate and the second input end of the inverse gate, and the output end of the reverse gate Connect to the first input of the gate 8. The alternating current identification device of claim 7, wherein the AND gate outputs the first output signal, and the inverse gate outputs the second output signal. 095114425 Form No. A0101 Page 13 of 15 0993263280-0