1303704 九、發明說明： - 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係涉及一種傳熱元件，尤係涉及一種脈動 式熱管。 【先前技術】 隨著中央處理器（CPU)等電子元件功率之不斷 提高，散熱問題越來越受到人們之重視。脈動式熱管 (pulsating heat pipe，PHP )由於其高效之熱傳導性能 而被作爲一種有效之傳熱方式應用於散熱領域中。 目前，脈動式熱管通常包括一連續彎曲之細長毛 細管，該毛細管内填充有工作流體，以作爲熱量傳遞 之載體，該毛細管被抽成真空封裝後，其内之工作流 體在管内形成液、汽相間之柱塞，當脈動式熱管一端 (通常稱爲加熱段）受熱時，其内之汽液柱塞吸收熱 量蒸發膨脹，流向該脈動式熱管之另一端（通常稱爲 冷卻段），並於該冷卻段冷凝收縮，從而在加熱段與 冷卻段之間形成較大之壓差，由於汽液柱塞交錯分 佈，故在熱管内産生強烈之往復振蕩運動，使工作流 體在脈動式熱管之加熱段與冷卻段之間之對流換熱 過程亦因受到振蕩作用而大大加強。 然，習知脈動式熱管一般係採用較小管徑之毛細 管，管内無額外之毛細構造，導致克服重力能力差， 且低熱傳量時不易啓動。 【發明内容】 1303704 有鑒於此，有必要一種抗重能力較強且低傳熱量 時易啓動之脈動式熱管。 一種脈動式熱管，包括毛細管、填充於毛細管内 之工作流體及設於毛細管内之脈管，該毛細管包括複 數吸熱段及複數放熱段，該脈管内設有中空通道，該 脈管之管壁與毛細管之内壁之間形成間隙。 一種脈動式熱管，包括連續彎折之毛細管，該毛 細管内填充有工作流體並於毛細管内形成交替設置 之複數汽柱與液柱，該毛細管内還設置有由可撓性細 線編織而成之中空脈管，該脈管貼附於毛細管之内壁 上。 與習知之脈動式熱管相比，上述脈動式熱管中， 脈管産生之毛細力可驅使工作流體在毛細管内流 動，以使該脈動式熱管之抗重能力較強。該脈管還可 促使工作流體在管内更均勻分佈，故該脈動式熱管在 低熱傳量時易啓動，使其可適用於溫度要求較敏感及 較苛刻之電子元件之散熱。 【實施方式】 圖1所示爲本發明脈動式熱管10之一較佳實施 例，該脈動式熱管10包括一連續彎折之細長毛細管 11、一可撓性編織脈管13以及適量可冷凝之工作流體 15 (如圖2所示），該脈管13置於該毛細管11内，該工 作流體15填充於該毛細管11與脈管13内。該毛細管11 通過連續彎折而形成爲多重U形管體組合。 7 1303704 該毛細管11由金屬材料製成，如銅或鋁等。在本 實施例中’該毛細管11形成封閉之迴路型（cl〇se l00p) 且其輪廓大體呈掌狀，其具有複數u形之吸熱段112、 複數U形之放熱段114及位於該等吸熱段112與放熱段 114之間之絕熱段Π6，該等吸熱段Π2與放熱段114間 隔設置，所述吸熱段112設於圖中虛線所示之受熱區Η 並與一發熱元件（圖未示）熱連接，所述放熱段114 設於圖中虛線所示之冷卻區C並與一散熱元件如散熱 縛片專（圖未不）接觸。該毛細管11相互連通形成一 封閉式之迴路型通道，以供該工作流體15於其中流 動。該毛細管11之兩端亦可間隔開並各自密封，以形 成如圖6所示之一非迴路型通道（open loop)。該毛細 管11之冷卻區C設有一填充管17,以由此將工作流體 15填充至毛細管11中。 當該毛細管11内被抽至適當真空後，該工作流體 15由填充管17填充至該毛細管11内，該工作流體15可 爲蒸餾水、甲醇、酒精或其混合物，該等物質沸點較 低且能與該脈管13兼容，故當脈動式熱管10之受熱區 Η吸收熱量時，其内之工作流體15可較易地蒸發並向 冷卻區C處流動。工作流體15注入至毛細管11内後， 該毛細管11被密封。由於該毛細管11之管徑足夠小， 該工作流體15在毛細管11之毛細作用力下，填充後於 毛細管11内形成間隔分佈之複數液柱151，同時，每相 鄰之兩液柱151之間形成汽柱（汽泡）152，即液柱151 8 1303704 與汽柱15 2間隔分佈。 ’ 另，該脈動式熱管10中，可設置一個或多個壓力 - 較敏感之小型單向閥19 (如圖6所示），以限制該工作 流體15作單向振蕩運動，當設置多個單向閥19時，工 作流體15之循壤將變得強烈而又迅速。 • 請參照圖2至圖5，該脈管13爲一細長管，其外徑 小於該毛細管11之内徑，該脈管13貼附於該毛細管^ 之内壁，並沿其長度方向設於整個毛細管11内（如圖i • 所示），該脈管13亦可分爲複數段，並分佈於毛細管u 之部分區域（如圖6所示）。該脈管13由複數可撓性細 線131 (如圖4所示）編織而成，該細線131可爲纖維、 纖維束、銅絲或不銹鋼絲等，該脈管13爲中空狀，其 具有一環形之橫截面，以於脈管13内部形成一中空通 • 道132,同時，該脈管13之外壁與毛細管11之内壁之間 形成供汽柱152與液柱151流動之間隙133，該中空通 φ 道132與間隙133可供工作流體15之儲液與輸送。該脈 管13之編織管壁形成毛細結構，並産生毛細力以促使 工作流體15在毛細管11内流動。 操作時，脈動式熱管1〇之受熱區Η受熱，位於受 熱區Η之各吸熱段112内之液柱151吸熱蒸發，導致汽 柱152膨脹’同時產生蒸氣壓力推動液柱經毛細管 11内之間隙133以及脈管13内之中空通道132向冷凝區 C之各放熱段Π4流動，在該等放熱段114處釋放熱量 冷凝爲液體，使冷凝區C處之汽柱152之體積縮小，産 9 1303704 生負向壓力，即吸引力，蒸氣壓力與吸引力共同作用 形成作用於液柱151之推動力。由於毛細管u爲連續彎 折狀且其内之液柱151與汽柱152交錯分佈，因而使 液、汽柱151、152在毛細管11内産生強烈之往復振蕩 運動，若通過設置單向閥19，則可使該往復振蕩形成 單向振蕩運動，在振蕩運動過程中，該工作流體15從 吸熱段112吸收熱量到放熱段114釋放熱量，完成發熱 元件與散熱元件間之熱量交換。藉由這種方式，工作 流體15反復蒸發、冷凝’不斷地吸熱、放熱，從而達 到良好之熱交換之目的。 與習知之脈動式熱管相比，上述脈動式熱管1〇 中’脈管13之管壁産生之毛細力可驅使工作流體15在 毛細管11内流動，以使該脈動式熱管10之抗重能力較 強，可搭配不同之應用條件，解決目前脈動式熱管抗 重力較差之問題。另，該脈管13還可提供促進管内工 作流體15平均分佈及儲液功能，避免習知脈動式熱管 在才呆作停止後，會有工作流體分佈不均或集中在管内 之某部分區域，影響熱管在下次起動時之操作狀況及 起動問題，故可提供較佳之起動操作性能及起動操作 溫度，如果低熱傳量時應用，可提供較低溫之啓動操 作條件，適用於溫度要求較敏感及較苛刻之電子元件 之散熱。 綜上所述’本發明符合發明專利之要件，爰依法 h出專利申請。惟以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施 1303704 例，舉凡熟悉本案技藝之人士，在爰依本發明精神所 ~ 作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範 - 圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1爲本發明脈動式熱管一較佳實施方式之示意 圖。 圖2爲圖1所示脈動式熱管中圓圈II之放大示意 圖。 • 圖3爲圖1所示脈動式熱管沿III-III線之剖視圖。 圖4爲圖1所示脈動式熱管中脈管之主視圖。 圖5爲圖4所示脈管沿V-V線之剖視圖。 圖6爲本發明脈動式熱管另一實施方式之示意 圖。 ^ 【主要元件符號說明】 脈動式熱管 10 毛細管 11 受熱區 Η 冷卻區 C 吸熱段 112 放熱段 114 絕熱段 116 脈管 13 細線 131 中空通道 132 間隙 133 工作流體 15 液柱 151 汽柱 152 填充管 17 單向閥 19 111303704 IX. Description of the Invention: - Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat transfer element, and more particularly to a pulsating heat pipe. [Prior Art] With the continuous improvement of the power of electronic components such as a central processing unit (CPU), heat dissipation has received more and more attention. The pulsating heat pipe (PHP) is used as an effective heat transfer method in the field of heat dissipation due to its high heat transfer performance. At present, the pulsating heat pipe usually comprises a continuously curved elongated capillary filled with a working fluid as a carrier for heat transfer. After the capillary is vacuum-packed, the working fluid therein forms a liquid and a vapor phase in the tube. a plunger, when one end of the pulsating heat pipe (generally referred to as a heating section) is heated, the vapor-liquid plunger therein absorbs heat and evaporates and expands to flow to the other end of the pulsating heat pipe (generally referred to as a cooling section), and The cooling section is condensed and contracted, so that a large pressure difference is formed between the heating section and the cooling section. Due to the staggered distribution of the vapor-liquid plungers, a strong reciprocating oscillation motion is generated in the heat pipe, so that the working fluid is in the heating section of the pulsating heat pipe. The convective heat transfer process with the cooling section is also greatly enhanced by the oscillation. However, conventional pulsating heat pipes generally use capillary tubes of smaller diameters, and there is no additional capillary structure in the tubes, resulting in poor ability to overcome gravity, and difficulty in starting at low heat transfer. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1303704 In view of this, it is necessary to have a pulsating heat pipe that is easy to start when the weight resistance is strong and the heat transfer amount is low. A pulsating heat pipe comprises a capillary tube, a working fluid filled in the capillary tube and a vessel disposed in the capillary tube, the capillary tube comprising a plurality of heat absorption sections and a plurality of heat release sections, wherein the vessel is provided with a hollow channel, and the tube wall of the vessel is A gap is formed between the inner walls of the capillary. A pulsating heat pipe comprising a continuously bent capillary tube filled with a working fluid and forming a plurality of alternating steam columns and liquid columns in the capillary tube, wherein the capillary tube is further provided with a hollow woven by a flexible thin wire A vessel attached to the inner wall of the capillary. Compared with the conventional pulsating heat pipe, in the above pulsating heat pipe, the capillary force generated by the pulsator can drive the working fluid to flow in the capillary tube, so that the pulsating heat pipe has strong anti-stress ability. The vessel also promotes a more even distribution of the working fluid within the tube, so that the pulsating heat pipe is easy to activate at low heat transfer, making it suitable for heat dissipation of sensitive and demanding electronic components. [Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the pulsating heat pipe 10 of the present invention. The pulsating heat pipe 10 includes a continuously bent elongated capillary 11, a flexible braided vessel 13, and an appropriate amount of condensable heat. The working fluid 15 (shown in FIG. 2) is placed in the capillary 11 and the working fluid 15 is filled in the capillary 11 and the vessel 13. The capillary 11 is formed into a multiple U-shaped tube assembly by continuous bending. 7 1303704 The capillary 11 is made of a metal material such as copper or aluminum. In the present embodiment, the capillary 11 forms a closed loop type (cl〇se l00p) and has a generally palm shape, and has a plurality of u-shaped heat absorption sections 112, a plurality of U-shaped heat release sections 114, and the heat absorption sections located therein. An adiabatic section 之间6 between the segment 112 and the heat releasing section 114, the heat absorbing section Π2 is spaced apart from the heat releasing section 114, and the heat absorbing section 112 is disposed in a heated zone indicated by a broken line in the figure and is coupled to a heat generating component (not shown) The heat-dissipating section 114 is disposed in the cooling zone C indicated by a broken line in the figure and is in contact with a heat dissipating component such as a heat dissipating tab. The capillary tubes 11 communicate with each other to form a closed loop type passage for the working fluid 15 to flow therein. The ends of the capillary 11 may also be spaced apart and sealed to form a non-loop open loop as shown in FIG. The cooling zone C of the capillary tube 11 is provided with a filling tube 17 to thereby fill the working fluid 15 into the capillary tube 11. After the capillary 11 is evacuated to a suitable vacuum, the working fluid 15 is filled into the capillary 11 by a filling tube 17, which may be distilled water, methanol, alcohol or a mixture thereof, which has a low boiling point and can Compatible with the vessel 13, so that when the heated region of the pulsating heat pipe 10 absorbs heat, the working fluid 15 therein can evaporate relatively easily and flow toward the cooling zone C. After the working fluid 15 is injected into the capillary 11, the capillary 11 is sealed. Since the diameter of the capillary 11 is sufficiently small, the working fluid 15 is filled with a plurality of liquid columns 151 spaced apart in the capillary 11 under the capillary force of the capillary 11, and at the same time, between each adjacent two liquid columns 151. A steam column (bubble) 152 is formed, that is, the liquid column 151 8 1303704 is spaced apart from the steam column 15 2 . In addition, in the pulsating heat pipe 10, one or more pressure-sensitive small-sized check valves 19 (shown in FIG. 6) may be disposed to restrict the working fluid 15 from unidirectional oscillating motion, when multiple With the one-way valve 19, the flow of the working fluid 15 will become intense and rapid. Referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, the vessel 13 is an elongated tube having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the capillary 11, and the vessel 13 is attached to the inner wall of the capillary tube and is disposed along the length thereof. Inside the capillary 11 (shown in Figure i), the vessel 13 can also be divided into a plurality of sections and distributed over a portion of the capillary u (as shown in Figure 6). The vascular tube 13 is woven by a plurality of flexible thin wires 131 (shown in FIG. 4), and the thin wires 131 may be fibers, fiber bundles, copper wires or stainless steel wires, etc., and the vascular tube 13 is hollow and has a ring. The cross section of the shape forms a hollow passage 132 inside the vessel 13, and a gap 133 between the outer wall of the vessel 13 and the inner wall of the capillary 11 for flowing the steam column 152 and the liquid column 151 is formed. The pass φ 132 and the gap 133 are available for the storage and delivery of the working fluid 15. The braided tube wall of the vessel 13 forms a capillary structure and generates capillary forces to cause the working fluid 15 to flow within the capillary 11. During operation, the heated portion of the pulsating heat pipe 1 is heated, and the liquid column 151 located in each of the heat absorption sections 112 of the heated zone absorbs heat and evaporates, causing the steam column 152 to expand, and simultaneously generates vapor pressure to push the liquid column through the gap in the capillary 11. 133 and the hollow passage 132 in the vessel 13 flow to the respective heat releasing sections Π4 of the condensing zone C, and the heat is released to condense into a liquid at the heat releasing section 114, so that the volume of the steam column 152 at the condensing zone C is reduced, producing 9 1303704 The negative pressure, that is, the attractive force, the vapor pressure and the attraction force act together to form a driving force acting on the liquid column 151. Since the capillary u is continuously bent and the liquid column 151 and the steam column 152 are alternately distributed, the liquid and the steam column 151, 152 generate a strong reciprocating oscillation motion in the capillary 11, and if the check valve 19 is provided, The reciprocating oscillation can be formed into a unidirectional oscillating motion. During the oscillating motion, the working fluid 15 absorbs heat from the heat absorbing section 112 to the heat releasing section 114 to release heat, and heat exchange between the heat generating component and the heat dissipating component is completed. In this way, the working fluid 15 is repeatedly evaporated, condensed, and continuously absorbs heat and exotherms, thereby achieving good heat exchange. Compared with the conventional pulsating heat pipe, the capillary force generated by the pipe wall of the pulsating heat pipe 1 可 can drive the working fluid 15 to flow in the capillary 11 so that the pulsation heat pipe 10 has a higher resistance to gravity. Strong, can be used with different application conditions to solve the problem of the current pulsating heat pipe against gravity. In addition, the vascular tube 13 can also provide an average distribution and storage function of the working fluid 15 in the tube, so as to prevent the pulsating heat pipe from being distributed unevenly or concentrated in a certain part of the tube after the pulsation heat pipe is stopped. It affects the operation condition and starting problem of the heat pipe at the next start, so it can provide better starting operation performance and starting operating temperature. If it is applied at low heat transfer, it can provide lower temperature starting operation conditions, which is suitable for temperature requirements and sensitive. Heat dissipation from demanding electronic components. In summary, the invention conforms to the requirements of the invention patent, and the patent application is issued according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the equivalent of the modifications or variations in the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the following patent applications. Inside. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a pulsating heat pipe of the present invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view showing a circle II in the pulsating heat pipe shown in Fig. 1. • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the pulsating heat pipe of Figure 1 taken along line III-III. Figure 4 is a front elevational view of the vessel in the pulsating heat pipe of Figure 1. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel of Figure 4 taken along line V-V. Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the pulsating heat pipe of the present invention. ^ [Main component symbol description] Pulsating heat pipe 10 Capillary 11 Heated zone 冷却 Cooling zone C Heat absorbing section 112 Heat release section 114 Adiabatic section 116 Vessel 13 Thin line 131 Hollow channel 132 Clearance 133 Working fluid 15 Liquid column 151 Steam column 152 Filling tube 17 Check valve 19 11