TWI288314B - Control apparatus of power factor corrector - Google Patents

Abstract

A control apparatus of a power factor corrector is presented to simultaneously control a plurality of power transformer operated under the critical conduction mode, so that the totally transforming efficiency and transforming power of the power factor corrector can be promoted. The apparatus comprises: a control circuit of the primary power transformer for feedback of an input voltage signal, an output voltage signal and a primary current signal, and to output a primary gate control signal to control the primary power switch; at least a control circuit of the secondary power transformer, for receiving the primary gate control signal and outputting a secondary control signal to control the secondary power switch; and a phase separation circuit, for receiving the primary gate control signal to control a gate output driving circuit, so that the gate output driving circuit outputs the secondary gate control signal.

Description

1288314 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field of the invention] The present invention relates to a kind of power correction device controlled to be placed in a power converter capable of controlling multiple power converters at the same time, and the conversion efficiency and conversion of the gentleman The power factor correction device is controlled to be large and small. [Prior Art] Since the current people's livelihood or industrial electrical appliances will produce a voltage drop on the input (mains terminal) voltage, or even a high derivative value due to t (spectral wave), As a result, the power quality is degraded, so the rain and rain are corrected due to correction and harmonics. Its main function is that the current-to-voltage phase difference between the voltage regulator and the suppression of the electrical appliance is affected. Usually, the power company is more straightforward = due to electricity; and the ancient negative ^ two power supply circuit does not like the high peak power regulation circuit Wei. "In order to make the circuit breaks the voltage and cause the voltage to read: :: ί 二 because the corrector can be divided into power level and control level, please refer to :: circuit diagram with two or two modifiers. As shown in the figure - Fig. 3 is the power input of the electrical system of the corrector 32: the electric AC is converted into a DC power supply, and the 匕: - = = circuit part. In the two-two of the power factor corrector 32, there are several common topological structures 2==Tian in these kinds of architectures, because the boost type can be used to correct the crying 1Φ and the low-frequency of the car with a single power factor. The effect is therefore most often applied to the converter. In the control stage 324 part can be divided into its control power, ...,,, 22) mode is divided into continuous conduction operation type control and Pro 6 1288314 boundary conduction operation type control two categories: when the controlled power converter inductor current It is continuous conduction (except that the input current is zero, the inductor current will be greater than zero every cycle), or it is critically conductive (the inductor will drop to zero every cycle). Both of them use a control circuit 3241 to process the feedback output voltage, the input current, the input voltage and the like to determine the gate control signal of the power switching element Q of the driving power stage 322, and forcibly input the current by high frequency switching. Follow the reference current signal determined by the mains AC voltage waveform, and the success is due to the purpose of the correction. At present, the majority of the continuous conduction operation type power factor corrector control level is controlled by 1C (or other similar type 1C) numbered UC3854; please refer to the second figure, which is known to use UC3854 as the power factor corrector of the controller. The circuit diagram of the control device is shown, wherein the control circuit 26 of the UC3854 includes three parts of a current feedback control stage 266, a voltage feedback control stage 264 and a feedforward control stage 262. Most of the critical conduction operation type power factor corrector is controlled by 1C (or other similar type 1C) of the label L6561; please refer to the third figure, which is known as the circuit of the power factor corrector control device using the L6561 as the controller. As shown in the architecture diagram, the control circuit 46 of the L6561 includes four parts: a current reference signal feedback control 462, a voltage feedback control 464, a current feedback control 466, and a 汲-source zero voltage detection circuit 468. The operation methods of the two have been disclosed in the prior art, so they are omitted here, and only their advantages and disadvantages are summarized. The UC3854 can control the power converter to operate in continuous conduction mode, so it has the advantages of high switching power and low input current chopping. However, since the power switching operation of the power converter is a hard switching type, it has the disadvantage of low conversion efficiency. In addition, because this control includes feedforward feedback control, voltage feedback control and current feedback control, when the conversion power is high, 1288314 other auxiliary circuits are needed to make the power conversion efficiency of the main circuit, so Additional control is required - at least - (four) ^ switching to improve the complexity of ^. The coffee can make the converter operate the two-source converter with high conversion efficiency; however, therefore, ^ ^ and the power supply due to the corrector input current ripple is larger 'requires two-pass = 乍 type 2, the filter to achieve the power factor The purpose of the correction; therefore its conversion (about 100W or less). Li Yang can not hang back

In order to improve the above situation, the present invention proposes that the power factor corrector controls the clothing set to not only control the power factor corrector to achieve the high power factor, but also has high latitude and high power, and the high input electrical frequency. h read in & formation [invention content] leopard nif in ί 'the present invention provides - power factor correction 11 control device, is able to know the control of multiple power supply bounce to operate in critical conduction mode, the overall power factor correction | The conversion efficiency and the conversion power can be improved, unlike the conventional critical conduction operation type power factor corrector having the limitation of maximum conversion power' and the conventional continuous conduction operation type power factor corrector having the disadvantage of low conversion efficiency. - A modified power system, including - a primary power converter control circuit, connected to the input and load terminals of the -system circuit to feedback an input voltage signal, - output voltage signal and - primary current Signal, and output the main level gate control signal to control one of the main stage power converters; at least one of the secondary level power converter control circuits receives the 4 main stage gate control signals, and the output is once a stage idle control signal for controlling a primary power switch of the primary power converter of 8 1288314; and a phase split circuit coupled to the secondary power converter control circuit for receiving the primary gate control The signal controls a gate output drive circuit to cause the gate turn-out circuit to output the secondary gate control signal. Thereby, the main stage power converter and the secondary stage power converters are alternately driven, and the main stage power converter and the secondary stage electric machines are controlled in a critical conduction mode. The detailed description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are to be understood as the [Embodiment] The present invention is an interleaved variable frequency control critical conduction operation type power factor corrector control position. The power factor corrector control device of the present invention is connected to the power input end of the power stage circuit, and (4) the high power factor of the power stage circuit is formed, and the low power 'mainly stores the mains signal and the current signal of the input of the power level circuit. (or obtain a signal indirectly related to the second signal): ^ Output voltage signal to determine the gate control signal of the correct power switching element ^ Then _ power_ component high frequency switching characteristics force input current to follow the reference current signal To control the power stage circuit into and out = voltage _ (four) simple sine wave waveform of the ship. The towel, the invention adopts the parental fault-like system, and the power conversion of the corrector, the heart-down type I-connected dregs, the sheep reduce the input current chopping and the component specification, and the sub-fourth power supply Job transfer to reduce conduction losses and improve inefficiency. ¥通核式, please refer to the fourth figure, the invention can be interleaved variable frequency control critical conduction 1288314 operation type T corrector control device circuit side frequency conversion critical conduction operation type power factor corrector (4) device 2 = converter control circuit 11 and -Secondary power supply:: Control, road,,, and middle 'main level power converter control circuit, voltage feedback control circuit m, current feedback control circuit 113, power = off = financial point detection (ZVD) circuit 115 and a pole output drive = 13 bu current feedback (four) (four) m ι 77 77 phase circuit circuit (ZVD) 135 and a pole wheel drive circuit in the main stage power converter control circuit 11, voltage feedback control The circuit 111 includes an error amplifier circuit for feeding back the output voltage signal and obtaining an output error signal; a voltage dividing resistor pair for feeding back the input voltage as a current reference signal; and a multiplier circuit And multiplying the output error signal by the input voltage signal to obtain a reference current signal. The current feedback control circuit 113 includes an inductor secondary winding (corresponding to a transformer secondary side) for converting an inductor current signal of a power stage, (approximating a triangular wave) into a voltage signal of an inductor current (approximate square) Waves; an integrator that integrates the voltage signal of the inductor current to obtain an integral signal; and a comparator that compares the integrated signal (approximately triangular wave-inductor current signal) with the reference current signal Obtain the power-off switch of one of the main-stage power converters and see the switch control signal see \Reset()); the integrator and the comparator 取代 replace it with a fixed set of on-time control J circuit as in the fourth b diagram fixed on-time control The circuit diagram, the borrowing, and the conduction time control can also achieve the purpose of power factor correction (Note 1). The threshold and source zero detection circuit 115 is a comparator circuit for "the current of the voltage signal of the inductor current, and outputs a 汲-source zero

Ο)

(2) Τοη· hn (3) 1288314 The signal ζκζν is used as the power switch & control signal private (Set〇). The gate output driving circuit 117 includes a -off circuit for flashing the lock and the signal to obtain the gate control signal % of the power switch, and an amplifying circuit sufficient to drive the power switch. Bit Note = y Assuming that the input voltage % of the power factor corrector is a sine wave signal, then the table >1; is ^in a * Sin COt ? where ^ is the amplitude of 4. In the critical conduction mode of operation, the inductor current t can be expressed as "where is the on-time, k is the input current. And (1) and (2) are available.

Vm ^ιηωί Τ From equation (3), it can be seen that 't 7;' the input current will be a sine wave and will be in phase with the input voltage, and the power factor is approximately i. The secondary power converter control circuit 13 The current feedback control circuit 133 is divided into two types according to the phase separation method adopted by the phase separation circuit, the first type phase separation circuit is a phase separation phase, and the current feedback control circuit includes an inductor. The secondary winding (phase #__transformer secondary side) is used to convert a power level inductor current signal (approximately triangular wave) into a 2 sense current voltage signal (approximate square wave); Inductive current voltage signal integration, to obtain an integral signal; and a comparator is the integral signal (approximate triangle wave - inductor current signal) and the reference current signal (in the main stage power converter control circuit n voltage back The control circuit m is generated to compare and obtain the secondary power conversion 11 1288314, and the power switch ^ conduction control signal &(Setl>; or 疋 cutoff control signal ^^ (Reset!) is obtained after the operation. The output drive circuit 137 is one of the power cut-off control signals i (Reseti); the second type uses the cut-off signal to perform the phase split m sub-phase circuit to obtain & subtract, so the first-shot second Wei power supply is turned The integrator in the control circuit has no (four) material to ride m power to open the source zero point debt measurement circuit 135 is - compare H circuit, used to ride the voltage signal positive edge of the inductor current 'and output secondary power converter power Switch 汲 _ source zero signal ZFZV phase separation circuit 131 is the main stage power conversion conversion power switch between the pole control sfL source zero point signal 2 factory recognition,

The system includes a latch circuit for latching && signals to obtain a gate control signal of the power switch 2 and an amplifying circuit sufficient to drive the power switch. The main-stage power converter and the secondary-level power converter are connected in parallel in the power factor corrector to improve system reliability. The primary power converter and the secondary power converters can be integrated into one integrated circuit to reduce the design complexity of a modular circuit. Referring to the fifth figure, the power switch 汲_source zero voltage point detection timing diagram of the present invention, wherein the reference current, 虼 is the inductor current, VIL is the voltage of the inductor current, Set is the power switch conduction control signal, Reset is the power The switch cutoff control signal and G are power switch gate control signals. As can be seen from the fifth figure, when the inductor current IL rises to the same instant as the reference current control, the power switch cutoff control signal Reset is triggered. At this time, the power switch is turned off, the inductor current IL starts to decrease, and the inductor current voltage VIL is Will change from +Vcc to 〇. When the inductor current IL drops to 〇, the inductor will start to resonate with the parasitic capacitance on the power switching element, so that the inductor current continues to decrease after 12 1288314, becoming a negative current; when the inductor current iL drops to the lowest point, it begins to change slowly. At a large moment, the transition of the current slope causes the voltage VIL of the inductor current to change from 〇 to +Vcc to trigger the power switch to turn on the control signal set, thereby driving the power switch to conduct; at this time, the 汲-source voltage of the power switch has been Close to 〇, so the power switch has zero voltage switching characteristics. Referring to the sixth embodiment, a phase-separated circuit circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and a seventh diagram, waveform diagrams of components of the phase-separating circuit of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this phase-separating circuit, when the negative-edge trigger signal of the gate control signal % of each main-level power converter power switch is generated, several control signals are generated: (R_Sh, (RS) 2, Ma 3 and M /v; Mp3 will charge the capacitor CTsl (or CTs2) at each negative edge, then the capacitor Ctsi (or CTs2) will be charged by the constant current source Idc in the %-period to obtain the signal VCTS1 representing the length of one cycle. (or VCTS2), and using a voltage divider circuit 61, the tool pressure is 〇.5VCTsl (while vCTS2 is divided by the voltage dividing circuit 64 to 〇5Vcts2)' and then records the capacitance of the first phase debt measuring circuit 62. Cm (or o.5vCTs2 is recorded to & 2) of the second phase detecting circuit 63. $

cTxlJl,,b0^CTx2^t^^;T 3:°3 广:2上 ' Then ΤΧ1 performs the discharge action. Then use a current source 1 that is equal to Γ2 如, such as discharging Ctx1 (or Ctx2)' to convert the second rate of crying 1: when the voltage of 2 du is reduced to Vdc, that is, triggering the secondary power supply, mouth, and rate of 70 At the split-point signal, the two signals are used as logic or 1k, KhSET22, and the ^^ operation can be used to obtain the desired cut-off batch signal Resetl (R〇,;隹;^ +ϋ Turns out to the 'output drive circuit. And the main ~ source converter power switch gate limit on the use of negative edge trigger 邙 氺 ^ city j Gong will not work. On the work, _ can be positive _ Referring to FIG. 8 , FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a phase splitting circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram of components of a phase splitting circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The second preferred embodiment is a primary power converter and a plurality of secondary power converters, that is, a phase split number gn. In this phase split circuit, the power switch of the main power converter is first used. The negative edge (or positive edge) of the pole control nickname takes each control signal Μη~ΜΡγ and then The charging and holding voltage amount | of the capacitor Ci and q are exchanged, so that one capacitor voltage remains unchanged for each period, and the other capacitor is charged, and the voltage is used for comparison. For example, the first period q is maintained. Its own voltage value, C2 is discharged according to the first discharge, and then according to let C2 continue to charge in a cycle. Since the charging current of the two capacitors is the same, as long as the negative input voltage of the comparator of the design stage is the reference voltage 1/n times, the trigger signal can be generated when the phase shift is 360./n (for example, if the phase number is 3, the first cutoff control signal RESET will be charged to 1 in Vo in the first cycle). 3VC1 trigger (120.); the second cutoff control signal RESETS will trigger when VC2 is charged to 2/3VC1 (240.); in the next cycle, it will be replaced by Q hold voltage, Ci charge will do the same comparison action; The same concept can also be used to derive the gate control signal of the main-stage power converter power switch (the positive-phase split signal of 3⁄4 is to output the cut-off control signals (RESETi, RESEHeset^)) to the gate output drive. Circuit Control of the power switch of the secondary power converter. Referring to the tenth figure, the circuit diagram of the phase separation circuit of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention; and the eleventh figure, the phase separation of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention Waveform diagram of each component of the circuit. In this phase separation circuit, different phase of charge and discharge current is used to generate the phase separation number. Please refer to the circuit and waveform diagram of the two-phase phase separation circuit, as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11; First use the main stage power converter power 14 1288314 switch gate control signal % to generate the control signal Μ to ~ from, then the interaction of the capacitor ca c2 - the current I is charged twice the current 21, the operation, in the use The phase separation point of f can be known by comparing H 1311. If the number of two phases is three, then three times to discharge, and one set of comparators, capacitors, 2/3 discharge current capacitor charge and discharge current source group; therefore, can be & push to ^ multi-phase number; It is also possible to derive the phase separation signal of the positive edge of the gate control signal % of the main power converter power switch by the same concept. • (The waveform in ^^ is only for the explanation of the action of each important circuit. It is not necessarily the same). The function of the power factor corrector of the present invention is controlled by the following: 1. It can ensure that each group of power converters has zero voltage switching characteristics. 2. The number of converters can be increased according to different power requirements, and both have interleaved control. Power supply correction in the power supply 3, due to the power supply g in the power corrector, this and the general critical conduction operation type of the lower specification components. Can be used 4, can expand the design number according to the same principle The phase separation circuit required by the power corrector. 3 does not R power converter 5, the main stage power converter and the secondary level power design, reducing the design complexity. The original converter can be modularized 6, due to power correction The power supply in the device can improve the reliability of the system. Both of them are connected in parallel. Therefore, the above description is only a preferred description and a schematic diagram of the present invention. The spirit of the domain is similar to that of the 1288314 case, which should be included in the scope of the present invention. Anyone who is familiar with the law can be easily changed or modified in the field of the present invention. In the following patent scope of this case. [Simple diagram of the diagram] The first diagram is the circuit architecture diagram of the conventional power factor corrector; the second diagram is the circuit architecture diagram of the power factor modifier device using the UC3854 as the controller; The third picture is · L6561 is the circuit structure diagram of the control (4) power factor correction; the fourth figure of the mouth guard J clothing is the circuit block diagram of the Pro-correction control device of the interleaved frequency conversion control of the invention; It is a fixed on-time control circuit diagram; ^ is the timing diagram of the power switch noisy zero voltage according to the invention; the sixth figure is the circuit diagram of the phase-separated circuit of the first difficult embodiment of the present invention. The eighth embodiment of the phase separation circuit of the first embodiment of the present invention is a circuit diagram of a phase separation circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The ninth diagram is a phase separation of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The circuit "the figure; the h^10 is a circuit diagram of the phase separation circuit of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention; and the eleventh is a component diagram of the phase separation circuit of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention. / [Main component symbol description] [Priority technology] 12883*14 First picture: Rectifier circuit 30 Power factor corrector 32 Power stage 322

Power Switching Element Q Control Stage 324 Control Circuit 3241 Load 34 Input Mains AC Enough - Back · Di Yi · Rectifier Circuit 20 Power Stage 22 Load 24 Control Circuit 26 Current Feedback Control Stage 266 Voltage Feedback Control Stage 264 Feedforward Control Stage 262 Third Figure: Rectifier circuit 40 Power stage 42 Load 44 Control circuit 46 Current reference signal feedback control 462 Voltage feedback control 464 17 1288314 Current feedback control 466 . 汲-source zero voltage detection circuit 468 . 】 Fourth picture: Interleaved variable frequency control critical conduction operation type power factor correction device control device 10 main stage power converter control circuit 11 voltage feedback control circuit 111 • current feedback control circuit 113 power switch 汲-source Zero point detection (ZVD) circuit 115 gate output drive circuit 117 main stage power converter power switch night test current signal factory /, *S7> Z no - source zero point signal ZVD 〇 power switch cutoff control signal heart ( Reseto) Power switch turn-on control signal A (Set〇) * Main-level power converter power switch gate control signal secondary stage power converter control circuit 13; split phase Circuit 131; Current feedback control circuit 133 Power switch 源-source zero detection circuit (ZVD) 135 Gate output drive circuit 137 Power switch of the secondary power converter No-source zero signal ZVDj 18 1288314 Power switch cutoff Control signal and / ( Reset!)

Power switch conduction control signal heart (SetJ

. Secondary Gate Power Converter Power Switch Gate Control Signal G Figure 5: 'Reference Current ^ _

^ Inductor Current II Inductor Current Voltage Vil Power Switch On Control Signal Set • Power Switch Cutoff Control Signal Reset Power Switch Gate Control Signal G Sixth and Seventh Diagram: Voltage Divider Circuit 61 First Phase Detection Circuit 62 Two phase detection circuit 63 main gate power converter power switch gate control signal G 〇 drive signal Μρι, Mp2, Mp3, Mp4, (RS) 1, (RS) 2

Capacitor CTsi, CTs2, CTxl, CTx2 Resistor R v Capacitor voltage Vjsl, Vts2, VcTxl, VcTx2 Current source Idc Split phase signal RESETn, RESET12 Secondary power converter gate cutoff signal RESET! DC power supply Vdc 8th and Nine diagrams: 19 1288314 Main-level power converter power switch gate control signal G〇 drive signal, from P3, like capacitor CVC2 resistor Rij (i = n-1~l, j = 1~η_Γ) Capacitor voltage Fc7, Current source Ide Secondary stage power converter gate cutoff signal RESET^ RESET^d 10th and 11th: Comparator 1311 Main stage power converter power switch gate control signal G〇 drive signal Afp/, Kp 〖,,·Μρ<

capacitance. , C2 capacitor voltage Vci, Vc2 node voltage V3 current source I, 21 > DC power supply DC secondary power converter gate cutoff signal RE S E T! 20

Claims (1)

1288314, the scope of patent application · · A power factor corrector control skirt, the shock includes: a main level of electricity _ change!! (four) circuit input and load end, to feedback - the wheel number of the circuit and - Main level electric number... Output electric Lixun at least two generous level power converter control circuit, receiving J main : brother = number 'and output - secondary level gate control,: one level power switch of the stage power converter; and people want itH, is set in the secondary level power conversion 11 control circuit, used to: receive The main-level gate control signal controls a gate output driving power=., so that the gate output crane circuit rotates the secondary control signal to interleave the main-stage power converter and the secondary level Power converter. [2] The power factor corrector control device according to claim 1, wherein The main stage power conversion H control circuit further includes a voltage feedback control circuit for receiving the input voltage signal and the output voltage signal and outputting a reference current signal. 3. The utility model as claimed in claim 2, wherein the XT Hai main-level pen source conversion control circuit further comprises a main-level current feedback control circuit for receiving a main-level current signal and The reference current signal outputs a primary gate turn-off control signal. 4. The power factor corrector control device according to claim 3, wherein the main-stage current feedback control circuit further comprises an inductive auxiliary winding for 21 1288314 = the inductor current signal of the system circuit Convert to this primary level current. 5. The power factor corrector control device according to claim 4, wherein the main stage (four) transition control circuit further comprises a zero crossover detection circuit for receiving the main level current signal and outputting One of the functions is 汲-source zero signal. , Knife open 6 as claimed in the scope of application of the fifth paragraph of the power factor corrector control device, the basin in the basin - source zero signal is a major level gate conduction control 2, as claimed in the scope of the fifth The function of the item is controlled by the corrector, wherein the parent circuit further includes an edge comparison circuit for determining a positive or negative edge of the main current signal to obtain the source and source zero points. . 8 If the power factor corrector is controlled according to item 5 of the scope of the patent application, the main stage power converter control circuit further includes a pole output drive circuit to receive the main gate turn-off control signal. And the non-source zero signal, and the main level gate control signal is output. " 9. The power factor corrector control device according to item 8 of the patent application scope, wherein the main level gate reduction (four) signal is received by the integrator and the signal of the main level current signal 1 is output. And then generated by comparing the reference current signal with a comparator. 10. The power factor corrector control as described in claim 9 of the patent scope, wherein the integral ϋ and the comparison H are replaced by a fixed conduction phase control circuit. 11. The power factor corrector control device according to claim 2, wherein the secondary power converter control circuit further comprises a primary current feedback 22 1288314 12 13 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18. The control circuit is configured to receive the primary current signal and the reference current signal to output a primary gate turn-off control signal. The power factor corrector control device of claim 11, wherein the secondary current feedback control circuit further comprises an inductive auxiliary winding for converting an inductor current signal of the system circuit into the Secondary current signal. The power factor corrector control device of claim 12, wherein the secondary power converter control circuit further comprises a zero-crossing detection circuit for receiving the secondary current signal, and Output one of the sub-level power switches 汲-source zero signal. The power factor corrector control device of claim 13, wherein the parental detection circuit further comprises an edge comparison circuit for determining a positive or negative edge of the secondary current signal Get the 汲_source zero signal. The power factor corrector control device according to claim 13, wherein the phase separation circuit receives the 汲_source zero point signal and the main level gate control signal and rotates the primary level gate conduction control Signal. The power factor corrector control device according to claim 15 , wherein the 2-pole output driving circuit receives the secondary-level gate conduction control signal and the person, and the gate-off control signal to The secondary level gate control signal is output. For example, the power factor corrector control device described in the scope of the patent application, wherein the main level electrical conversion 11 and the low-level electrical conversion are in parallel with the circuit. For example, the power factor correction control device described in item i of the patent application scope, 23