CN101123367B - Control method for uninterrupted power supplier - Google Patents

Control method for uninterrupted power supplier Download PDF

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CN101123367B
CN101123367B CN200610111169XA CN200610111169A CN101123367B CN 101123367 B CN101123367 B CN 101123367B CN 200610111169X A CN200610111169X A CN 200610111169XA CN 200610111169 A CN200610111169 A CN 200610111169A CN 101123367 B CN101123367 B CN 101123367B
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brachium pontis
voltage
switches set
alternating current
control method
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CN101123367A (en
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陆岩松
谭惊涛
杨剑平
应建平
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DELTA ENERGY TECHNOLOGY (SHANGHAI) Co Ltd
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Delta Optoelectronics Inc
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Abstract

The invention provides a controlling method of an uninterrupted power supply unit. The uninterrupted power supply unit at least comprises an AC input voltage, a DC input voltage and a single-phase alternating current-alternating current adaptor. The single-phase alternting current-alternating current adaptor consists of an AC inductor, a busbar capacitor, a boosting bridge arm, a public bridge arm and a decompression bridge arm. The controlling method comprises the following steps. The busbar voltage is controlled to involve a DC element and a biphase rectification element; a busbar voltage parameter K is set, and the K is more than or is equal to 0, and is less than or equal to 1 so that when K approaches to 0, the bus bar voltage approaches to an AC voltage; when K approaches 1, the busbar voltage approaches to a biphase rectification voltage.

Description

The control method of uninterruptible power supply provider
Technical field
The present invention particularly has online interaction formula (Line-Interactive) uninterruptible power supply provider of the single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer of three brachium pontis about a kind of control method of uninterruptible power supply provider about use.
Background technology
See also Fig. 1, it is the circuit diagram of the interactive uninterruptible power supply provider of conventional online.In Fig. 1, the switches set that online interaction formula uninterruptible power supply provider 1 mainly comprises an AC-input voltage AC, be made of diode D1 and D2, one single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer 11, the alternating current filter 12 and the load R that are made of filter inductance Lo and filter capacitor Co are constituted.
In single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer 11, include AC inductance Li, bus capacitor Cs and three brachium pontis, wherein the brachium pontis of being made up of switch S 1 and S2 is called (boost) brachium pontis that boosts, the brachium pontis of being made up of switch S 3 and S4 is called public (com) brachium pontis, and is called step-down (buck) brachium pontis by the brachium pontis that switch S 5 and S6 are formed.
As online interaction formula uninterruptible power supply provider 1 shown in Figure 1, under the normal situation of AC-input voltage AC (civil power), directly provide load R energy by AC-input voltage AC, at this moment, this boost brachium pontis and this public brachium pontis realization rectification function.And occur then providing load R energy by a storage batteries (not shown) when unusual as AC-input voltage AC, at this moment, this public brachium pontis and this step-down brachium pontis are then realized invert function.
In fact, the switch S 3 and the S4 of this public brachium pontis control with mains frequency, also are that its switching frequency is that low frequency switches, thus can only be with this brachium pontis that boosts as rectifying device, and only use this step-down brachium pontis as inverter.
In the prior art, in order to realize adjusting to AC-input voltage AC, can adopt many kinds of control methods, the difference of this control method is that they can produce the busbar voltage of different wave, below describes with regard to the busbar voltage waveform of two kinds of control methods commonly used.
See also Fig. 2, its be the uninterruptible power supply provider of Fig. 1 under different control methods, the oscillogram of busbar voltage, wherein, Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b) have shown the waveform of different busbar voltages respectively; Shown busbar voltage has DC voltage waveform among Fig. 2 (a), and the busbar voltage among Fig. 2 (b) then has the full-wave rectified voltage waveform.Certainly, the different busbar voltages that produced under the different control models respectively have pluses and minuses.
In order to obtain the DC bus-bar voltage shown in Fig. 2 (a), this step-down brachium pontis and this brachium pontis that boosts must be operated in high frequency pulse wave width modulation (PWM) pattern simultaneously, and this public brachium pontis then must be operated in the low frequency switching state.When AC-input voltage AC was positive half wave, switch S 4 was closed, and as AC-input voltage AC during for negative half-wave, switch S 3 is closed.The duty ratio of the step-down brachium pontis of single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer 11 (Duty Cycle) adopts input current to follow the method for input voltage, and obtains a unit input power factor, therefore, can control direct voltage by the amplitude of control input reference current.
The major advantage of this control method is that input current can be controlled as sinusoidal waveform and obtain a unit input power factor, can carry out the high adjusting of accuracy to output voltage, and the no-load current of input can reduce.On the contrary, its major defect then is that switching loss is bigger, efficient also not good (particularly at full load).
In order to obtain the full-wave rectification busbar voltage shown in Fig. 2 (b), under the abnormal situation of this AC-input voltage AC, when transducer 11 is operated in pressure-increasning state, have only the switch S 1 of this brachium pontis that boosts and S2 to be operated in high frequency pulse wave width modulation pattern; And when transducer 11 is operated in the step-down state, have only the switch S 5 of this step-down brachium pontis and S6 to be operated in high frequency pulse wave width modulation pattern.In addition, the appearance value of bus capacitor Cs is quite little, therefore can access the busbar voltage of full-wave rectified voltage waveform as Fig. 2 (b).
Therefore the thin-film capacitor that the major advantage of this control method is to use high frequency can reduce volume, promote the reliability of circuit and the useful life of prolongation circuit as bus capacitor Cs.In addition, the loss of switch is less, has also simplified the design of control unit simultaneously.
On the contrary, its major defect then is that dynamic characteristic is poor, the reactive current of input is big, the ripple current on the bus capacitor Cs is big.Because it is very little to flow to the electric current of load R when underloading and zero load, therefore in order to keep the full-wave rectified voltage waveform on the bus capacitor Cs, must carry out invalid discharging and recharging to bus capacitor Cs, yet this can cause but transducer 11 to produce very big loss in underloading or when unloaded.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is applied to have in this uninterruptible power supply provider the single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer of three brachium pontis for proposing a kind of control method of uninterruptible power supply provider.The voltage waveform that two kinds of existing control models that the front has proposed are respectively on (1) bus is that the control model of direct voltage, the voltage waveform on (2) bus are the control model of the waveform of full-wave rectification, the shortcoming that control method proposed by the invention is intended to keep the advantage of these two kinds of prior aries and overcomes them is to reach better effect.
The control method that proposes a kind of uninterruptible power supply provider that mainly is contemplated that of the present invention is applied to have in this uninterruptible power supply provider the single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer of three brachium pontis.According to analysis to the operating state of transducer, with the voltage waveform on the segmentation control bus capacitor, make that system's (uninterruptible power supply provider) can be under the prerequisite that keeps the high efficiency running, reduce the reactive current that produces by bus capacitor and the high frequency ripple current on the bus capacitor, no matter make system simultaneously under the state of underloading or heavy duty, complete all can obtain the high efficiency of input range.
According to conception of the present invention, a kind of control method of uninterruptible power supply provider is proposed, this control method comprises the steps: that (a) provides this uninterruptible power supply provider, at least comprise an AC-input voltage, one direct current input voltage and one single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer, this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer is by an AC inductance, one bus capacitor, one brachium pontis that boosts, one public brachium pontis, and a step-down brachium pontis constitutes, this bus capacitor comprises one first end, this AC inductance comprises one first end, this brachium pontis that boosts comprises a mid point, this bus capacitor, this brachium pontis that boosts, this public brachium pontis is electrically connected with this step-down brachium pontis is in parallel each other, this of this AC inductance first end is coupled in this mid point of this brachium pontis that boosts, and this first end ground connection of this bus capacitor; (b) the control busbar voltage makes it have a direct current composition and a full-wave rectification composition; And (c) set a busbar voltage parameter K, 0≤K≤1 wherein makes when K levels off to 1 the time, busbar voltage levels off to a direct current voltage, and when K levels off to 0 the time, busbar voltage levels off to a full-wave rectified voltage; Wherein, when this AC-input voltage just often, utilize this busbar voltage to export, and when this AC-input voltage is unusual, utilize this DC input voitage to export via the inversion of this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer via the rectification of this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer.
A kind of control method of uninterruptible power supply provider is provided according to a further aspect of the invention, this control method comprises the steps: that (a) provides this uninterruptible power supply provider to comprise an AC-input voltage at least, one direct current input voltage and one single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer, this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer is by an AC inductance, one bus capacitor, one brachium pontis that boosts, one public brachium pontis, and a step-down brachium pontis constitutes, this bus capacitor comprises one first end, this AC inductance comprises one first end, this brachium pontis that boosts comprises a mid point, this bus capacitor, this brachium pontis that boosts, this public brachium pontis is electrically connected with this step-down brachium pontis is in parallel each other, this of this AC inductance first end is coupled in this mid point of this brachium pontis that boosts, and this first end ground connection of this bus capacitor; (b) the control busbar voltage makes its waveform have a direct current stage and a full-wave rectification stage; (c) set a busbar voltage parameter K and be relevant to the power output size, wherein 0≤K≤1; And (d) regulate this direct current stage and this ratio of full-wave rectification stage in the whole cycle according to the variation of this busbar voltage parameter K value; Wherein, when this AC-input voltage just often, utilize this busbar voltage to export, and when this AC-input voltage is unusual, utilize this DC input voitage to export via the inversion of this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer via the rectification of this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer.
The preferably, this uninterruptible power supply provider also comprises a switches set, an alternating current filter, reaches a load.
The preferably, step (b) is when this load is underloading, increases this busbar voltage parameter K and make it level off to 1, and in this load during for heavy duty, reduce this busbar voltage parameter K and make it level off to 0.
The preferably, control method also comprises a step: the duty ratio d3 that sets this step-down brachium pontis is the voltage gain M that equals this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer with respect to the multiple of the duty ratio d1 of this brachium pontis that boosts.
The preferably, control method also comprises a step: the wave function of definition busbar voltage is F, and then F satisfies
When | sin (wt) | 〉=K, then F=|sin (wt) |; And
When | sin (wt) |<K, then F=K;
Wherein w is an angular speed, and t is the elapsed time.
The preferably, wherein the wave function F of the voltage gain M of the duty ratio d1 of this brachium pontis that boosts, this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer, this busbar voltage parameter K and busbar voltage satisfies d1=(2-M) KF.
The preferably, control method also comprises a step: when sin (wt)>1/K, only control this boost brachium pontis and this step-down brachium pontis wherein one work in high frequency pulse wave width modulation (PWM) pattern, and when sin (wt)<1/K, need control this boost brachium pontis and this step-down brachium pontis all to work in high frequency pulse wave width modulation (PWM) pattern.
The present invention must pass through following graphic and detailed description, in order to do getting more deep understanding:
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the interactive uninterruptible power supply provider of conventional online;
Fig. 2 (a) and (b) be the uninterruptible power supply provider of Fig. 1 under different control methods, the oscillogram of busbar voltage;
Fig. 2 (c) is the busbar voltage oscillogram when using the control method of uninterruptible power supply provider of the present invention;
Fig. 3 (a) is the circuit diagram of the applied online interaction formula of control method of the present invention uninterruptible power supply provider;
Fig. 3 (b) is the on off state table of each main switch under different operating modes of Fig. 3 (a);
Fig. 4 (a) be control method of the present invention when boost mode, the sequential chart of the duty ratio of the brachium pontis that boosts;
Fig. 4 (b) be control method of the present invention when boost mode, the sequential chart of the duty ratio of step-down brachium pontis;
Fig. 5 (a) be control method of the present invention when decompression mode, the sequential chart of the duty ratio of the brachium pontis that boosts; And
Fig. 5 (b) be control method of the present invention when decompression mode, the sequential chart of the duty ratio of step-down brachium pontis.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 3 (a), it is the circuit diagram of the applied online interaction formula of control method of the present invention uninterruptible power supply provider, all indicates identical label with Fig. 1 components identical.The switches set that online interaction formula uninterruptible power supply provider 3 mainly comprises a direct current input voltage DC, an AC-input voltage AC, be made of diode D1 and D2, one single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer 31, the alternating current filter 32 and the load R that are made of filter inductance Lo and filter capacitor Co are constituted.
In single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer 31, include AC inductance Li, bus capacitor Cs and three brachium pontis, wherein the brachium pontis of being made up of switch S 1 and S2 is called (boost) brachium pontis that boosts, the brachium pontis of being made up of switch S 3 and S4 is called public (com) brachium pontis, and is called step-down (buck) brachium pontis by the brachium pontis that switch S 5 and S6 are formed.In addition, switch SW 1, SW2 and SW3 are then respectively in order to control AC-input voltage AC, DC input voitage DC, and three kinds of runnings such as bypass (Bypass) pattern.
See also Fig. 3 (b), it is the on off state table of each main switch under different operating modes of Fig. 3 (a).Cooperate Fig. 3 (b) as can be known, as the online interaction formula uninterruptible power supply provider 31 shown in Fig. 3 (a), 3 (b), under the normal situation of AC-input voltage AC (civil power), this moment, switch SW 1 was ON, switch SW 2 and SW3 then switch to OFF, utilize busbar voltage to export load R to via the rectification of single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer 31.And occur when unusual as AC-input voltage AC, this moment, switch SW 2 was ON, switch SW 1 and SW3 then switch to OFF, utilize DC input voitage DC to export via the inversion of single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer 31.In addition, when online interaction formula uninterruptible power supply provider 31 faults, this moment, switch SW 3 was ON, and switch SW 1 and SW2 then switch to OFF, with the usefulness that provides personnel to keep in repair.
The main purpose of control method of the present invention is to obtain the busbar voltage shown in Fig. 2 (c), and same as the prior art is, the capacitance of bus capacitor Cs should be enough little, just can obtain having the voltage of the waveform of full-wave rectification composition.It is as follows that the present invention controls the method that busbar voltage makes it have direct current composition and full-wave rectification composition.
Shown in Fig. 2 (c), at first, set a busbar voltage waveform parameter K and between 0 and 1, change, wherein, when the K value more near 0, the full-wave rectification composition in the busbar voltage is also high more, then the waveform of busbar voltage levels off to the waveform of full-wave rectified voltage more; And when the K value more near 1, the direct current composition in the busbar voltage is also high more, then the waveform of busbar voltage also levels off to the waveform of direct voltage more.
When online interaction formula uninterruptible power supply provider 3 in running, therefore when load R was underloading, the large percentage that the reactive current of transducer 31 is shared can correspondingly increase K value and reduce to this reactive current minimum.On the other hand, when load R increased the weight of, the efficient of transducer 31 was only that we are concerned about, therefore can correspondingly reduce K value, and each switching loss is reduced to minimum, made the whole efficiency lifting of transducer 31.
In above-mentioned control method, the changing pattern of K value is relevant with load current, and voltage gain M has then directly determined the duty ratio d3 of each switch of step-down brachium pontis and the duty ratio d1 of each switch of brachium pontis that boosts.In addition, only the polarity with AC-input voltage AC is relevant for the switch S 3 of public brachium pontis, S4.When voltage gain M less than 1 the time, transducer 31 is to be operated in decompression mode; And when voltage gain M greater than 1 the time, transducer 31 is to be operated in boost mode.
Controlling party of the present invention is that the wave function of definition busbar voltage is F, and then F satisfies
When | sin (wt) | 〉=K, then F=|sin (wt) |; And
When | sin (wt) |<K, then F=K; (1)
Wherein w is an angular speed, and t is the elapsed time.
In addition, the wave function of the voltage gain M of the duty ratio d1 of the duty ratio d3 of this step-down brachium pontis, this brachium pontis that boosts, this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer, this busbar voltage parameter K and busbar voltage is that F satisfies
d3=M(1-d1); (2)
d1=(2-M)KF (3)
When the voltage (AC-input voltage AC) of civil power input when being lower than required value, need to promote input voltage, and system is in boost mode, the value of voltage gain M is between 1 to 1.3, reach (3) as can be seen from aforementioned formula (2), need the duty ratio of the switch of control step-down brachium pontis this moment, shown in Fig. 4 (b), then show the duty ratio of the switch of the brachium pontis that boosts of the same period as for Fig. 4 (a).
And when the voltage of civil power input is higher than required value, need to reduce input voltage, and system is in decompression mode, the value of voltage gain M is between 0.7 to 1, reach (3) as can be seen from aforementioned formula (2), need control the duty ratio of the switch of the brachium pontis that boosts this moment, shown in Fig. 5 (a), then shows the duty ratio of the switch of step-down brachium pontis of the same period as for Fig. 5 (b).
What deserves to be mentioned is, last with regard to the time, within the same cycle, one of them of brachium pontis and step-down brachium pontis of only boosting when sin (wt)>1/k is to be operated in high frequency pulse wave width modulation pattern, and when sin (wt)<1/k, boost brachium pontis and step-down brachium pontis then all are operated in high frequency pulse wave width modulation pattern.
It should be noted that, though the previous embodiment that the present invention lifted is all the combination of dc waveform and current waveform in full-wave rectifier, but for purpose of the present invention,, just can improve its efficient with respect to original current waveform in full-wave rectifier as long as when underloading (power is less), increase flip-flop.
In sum, the present invention provides a kind of control method of uninterruptible power supply provider to be applied to have in this uninterruptible power supply provider the single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer of three brachium pontis, by the voltage waveform on the segmentation control bus capacitor, the system uninterruptible power supply provider of making can reduce the reactive current that produced by bus capacitor and the high frequency ripple current on the bus capacitor, no matter and under the state of underloading or heavy duty, complete all can obtain the high efficiency of input range.

Claims (10)

1. the control method of a uninterruptible power supply provider, this control method comprises the steps:
(a) provide this uninterruptible power supply provider, at least comprise an AC-input voltage, one direct current input voltage and one single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer, this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer is by an AC inductance, one bus capacitor, one brachium pontis that boosts, one public brachium pontis, and a step-down brachium pontis constitutes, this bus capacitor comprises one first end, this AC inductance comprises one first end, this brachium pontis that boosts comprises a mid point, this bus capacitor, this brachium pontis that boosts, this public brachium pontis is electrically connected with this step-down brachium pontis is in parallel each other, this of this AC inductance first end is coupled in this mid point of this brachium pontis that boosts, and this first end ground connection of this bus capacitor;
(b) the control busbar voltage makes it have a direct current composition and a full-wave rectification composition; And
(c) set a busbar voltage parameter K, 0≤K≤1 wherein makes when K levels off to 1 the time, busbar voltage levels off to a direct current voltage, and when K levels off to 0 the time, busbar voltage levels off to a full-wave rectified voltage;
Wherein, when this AC-input voltage just often, utilize this busbar voltage to export, and when this AC-input voltage is unusual, utilize this DC input voitage to export via the inversion of this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer via the rectification of this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer.
2. control method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described step (a) comprises that also a step (a1) provides this uninterruptible power supply provider also to comprise a switches set, one alternating current filter, an and load, this AC inductance also comprises one second end, this bus capacitor also comprises one second end, this DC input voitage comprises a positive terminal and a negative pole end, this AC-input voltage comprises one first end and one second end, this step-down brachium pontis respectively comprises a mid point with this public brachium pontis, this alternating current filter comprises an input and one first and one second output, this switches set comprises one first, one second, one the 3rd and one the 4th end, this load parallel connection be electrically connected on this alternating current filter this first with this second output, this input of this alternating current filter is coupled in this mid point of this step-down brachium pontis, this of this bus capacitor second end is coupled in this positive terminal of this DC input voitage, this of this AC inductance second end is coupled in this first end of this switches set, this of this switches set second end is coupled in this first end of this AC-input voltage, the 3rd end of this switches set is coupled in this negative pole end of this DC input voitage, the 4th end of this switches set is coupled in this first output of this alternating current filter, this of this AC-input voltage second end is coupled in this second output of this alternating current filter, when this alternating voltage just often, this of this switches set first end is coupled in second end of this switches set, and all keep opening circuit between the 3rd end of this of this switches set second end and this switches set and between the 4th end of this second end of this switches set and this switches set, when this AC-input voltage is unusual, this of this switches set first end is coupled in the 3rd end of this switches set, and this second end of this of this switches set first end and this switches set, and all keep between the 4th end of this second end of this switches set and this switches set opening circuit, when this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer fault, all keep between the 3rd end of this second end of this of this switches set first end and this switches set and this first end of this switches set and this switches set opening circuit, and this second end of this switches set is coupled in the 4th end of this switches set.
3. control method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that step (b) is when this load is underloading, increases this busbar voltage parameter K and make it level off to 1, and in this load during for heavy duty, reduce this busbar voltage parameter K and make it level off to 0.
4. control method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising a step: set the duty ratio d3 of this step-down brachium pontis, the duty ratio d1 of this brachium pontis that boosts and the voltage gain M of this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer and satisfy d3=M (1-d1).
5. control method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that also comprising a step: the wave function of definition busbar voltage is F, and then F satisfies
When | sin (wt) | 〉=K, then F=|sin (wt) |; And
When | sin (wt) |<K, then F=K;
Wherein w is an angular speed, and t is the elapsed time.
6. control method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that the wave function F of voltage gain M, this busbar voltage parameter K and busbar voltage of duty ratio d1, this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer of this brachium pontis that boosts satisfies d1=(2-M) KF.
7. control method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that also comprising a step: when sin (wt)>1/K, only control this boost brachium pontis and this step-down brachium pontis one of them work in high frequency pulse wave width modulation pattern, and when sin (wt)<1/K, need control this boost brachium pontis and this step-down brachium pontis all to work in high frequency pulse wave width modulation pattern.
8. the control method of a uninterruptible power supply provider, this control method comprises the steps:
(a) provide this uninterruptible power supply provider to comprise an AC-input voltage at least, one direct current input voltage and one single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer, this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer is by an AC inductance, one bus capacitor, one brachium pontis that boosts, one public brachium pontis, and a step-down brachium pontis constitutes, this bus capacitor comprises one first end, this AC inductance comprises one first end, this brachium pontis that boosts comprises a mid point, this bus capacitor, this brachium pontis that boosts, this public brachium pontis is electrically connected with this step-down brachium pontis is in parallel each other, this of this AC inductance first end is coupled in this mid point of this brachium pontis that boosts, and this first end ground connection of this bus capacitor; (b) the control busbar voltage makes its waveform have a direct current stage and a full-wave rectification stage;
(c) set a busbar voltage parameter K and be relevant to the power output size, wherein 0≤K≤1; And
(d) regulate this direct current stage and this ratio of full-wave rectification stage in the whole cycle according to the variation of this busbar voltage parameter K value;
Wherein, when this AC-input voltage just often, utilize this busbar voltage to export, and when this AC-input voltage is unusual, utilize this DC input voitage to export via the inversion of this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer via the rectification of this single phase alternating current (A.C.)-a-c transducer.
9. control method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that also comprising a step: increase the time span in this direct current stage and reduce the time span in this full-wave rectification stage when power output reduces.
10. control method as claimed in claim 8, the waveform that it is characterized in that busbar voltage are to realize by regulating this duty ratio of boosting brachium pontis and this step-down brachium pontis.
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CN1469525A (en) * 2002-07-16 2004-01-21 飞瑞股份有限公司 On-line interactive UPS device and its power supply method

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