1287921 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種具有智慧型天線（Smart Antenna) 系統的無線區域網路裝置，特別有關於一種可在有限的頻‘ 寬和有限的空間下，增加使用者數目的無線區域網路裝 置。 【先前技術】 隨著無線區域網路（WLAN)的架設成本越來越低廉， 無線區域網路受到愈來愈多消費者的喜愛。在硬體方面不 但桌上型電腦與筆記型電腦内建了無線網路的功能，甚至 於掌上型電腦、平板電腦（Tablet PC)等產品，也紛紛提供 對無線網路的支援，除此之外，包括機場、咖啡廳、飯店 等許多公共場所都搭起了無線網路熱點（H〇t Spot)。 通常，一個無線區域網路包含有無線區域網卡 (WLAN Card)與網路橋接器（Access p〇int)。網路橋接器的 主要功能是扮演有線網路與無線網路間的連結橋樑。透過 網路橋接器，任何一台安裝有無線網路卡之個人電腦，均 可透過網路橋接器分享有線網路的資源。此外，網路橋接 盗本身也可兼具網路管理功能，能針對所連結的個人電腦 做必要的控管。 網路橋接器係透過無線網路卡的天線來與此天線所 涵蓋之細胞（Cell)中的使用者通訊。欲增加使用者數目 時’則蛣增加無線網路卡和天線的數目。一般而言，使用 者數目應該能夠隨著無線網路卡和天線的數目的增加而 增加，例如：兩張無線網路卡應可提供兩倍之使用者數量。 1287921 然而，由於習知之網路橋接器中的天線間會產生同頻 干擾，即使天線數目增加，不同的使用者同時對不同的天 線亦無法使用同一頻率，故在有限的頻寬和有限的空間 下’使用者可使用的頻率便受到相當大的限制。故而，使 用者數目無法卩现天線的數目而增加。而且，由於習知之網 路橋接器之複數個天線的輕射場形（Ra(Jiati〇n pattern)往 在有互相重疊的部分’故無法藉由兩個習知之網路橋接器 來確疋使用者的位置（即所謂的定位功能）。以上所述之網 路橋接器僅為舉例說明，其他例如：無線閘道器（Gateway) 等無線區域網路裝置亦有同樣的缺點。 因此’非常需要發展一種具有智慧型天線系統的無線 區域網路裝置，使得使用者的數目可隨天線的數目而增 加’並可藉由兩個無線區域網路裝置來達到定位的功能。 【發明内容】 本發明的目的就是在提供一種具有智慧型天線系統 的無線區域網路裝置，可以藉由增加天線的數目而增加使 用者的數目。 本發明的再一目的就是在提供一種具有智慧型天線 系統的無線區域網路裝置，可以藉由兩個無線區域網路裝 置來達到確定使用者位置的功能。 本發明的又一目的就是在提供一種具有智慧型天線 系統的無線區域網路裝置，藉以使其天線具有高增益 (Gain) ’而在使用與習知之無線區域網路裝置相同的發射 功率下’獲得依指數（Exp〇nential)關係倍增的通訊距離。 根據本發明之上述目的，提出一種具有智慧型天線系 1287921 統的無線區域網路裝置。依照本發明一較佳實施例，此具 有智慧型天線系統的無線區域網路裝置至少包括：複數個 無線區域網路收發模組（wlan Transceiver Module)，和 以一對一方式分別安裝在無線區域網路收發模組上之複 數個才曰向性天線（Directional Antenna)，其中此些指向性 天線係以環形陣列的方式等距分佈，而每一個指向性天線 係用來負責一細胞中之複數個使用者的通訊。 另外’依照本發明另一較佳實施例，此智慧型天線系 統的無線區域網路裝置至少包括：複數個無線區域網路收 發模組，和以安裝在無線區域網路收發模組上的複數個陣 列天線（Array Antenna)，其中每一個陣列天線係由複數個 全向性天線（Omni-directional Antenna)所組成，此些陣列 天線的幅射場型係被控制為指向性的幅射場型，而每一個 陣列天線係用來負責相對之二細胞中之複數個使用者的 通訊。 因此’應用本發明，使用者數目可隨天線的數目而增 加，並可藉由兩個無線區域網路裝置來達到確定使用者之 位置的功能，亦可使其天線具有高增益（Gain)，而能在使 用與習知之無線區域網路裝置相同的發射功率下，獲得依 指數關係倍增的通訊距離。 【實施方式】 請參照第1圖’其緣示根據本發明之一較佳實施例之 具有智慧型天線系統之無線區域網路裝置的運作示意 圖。本發明之無線區域網路裝置100具有無線區域網路收 發模組120a〜d ;以及指向性天線11 〇a〜d，其中指向性天 1287921 線110a〜d係分別安裝在無線區域網路收發模組md 上，而指向性天線1 l〇a〜d係以環形陣列的方式等距分佈 在無線區域網路裝置100的周邊上。由於指向性天線 H〇a〜d的幅射場型130a〜d係各自集中於單一方向，故指 向性天線110a〜d分別單獨負責細胞A〜D中之複數個使用 者140a〜d的通訊。因此，即使使用者14〇a〜d均使用同一 頻率來進行通訊，細胞A〜D中的通訊亦不會彼此相互干 擾。亦即，在有限的頻寬和有限的空間下，每一個指向性 天線均可充分利用其頻寬，毋需因天線間同頻干擾而受到 限制，故母增加一組指向性天線和無線區域網路收發模 組，便可增加一倍的使用者數量。如第1圖所示，無線區 域網路裝置100使用4組指向性天線和無線區域網路收發 模組，故其使用者數目便增加為單一天線模式的4倍。 以上所述之指向性天線和無線區域網路收發模組的 數目與位置僅為舉例說明，本發明可以依實際需要增減指 向性天線和無線區域網路收發模組的數目。例如，當無線 區域網路裝置使用6組指向性天線和無線區域網路收發 模組時’以環形陣列的方式等距分佈的6個指向性天線便 可以分別負責6個細胞的通訊，則其使用者的數目增加為 早 天線核式的6倍。而無線區域網路收發模組則可以為 無線區域網路卡。 請參照第2圖，其繪示使用本發明之一較佳實施例之 無線區域網路中之細胞的通訊示意圖。如第2圖所示，每 一個無線區域網路裝置負責周圍4個細胞的通訊，且每一 個天線的幅射場型沒有重疊，或幾乎沒有重疊，故當使用 1287921 者由細胞B跨越至細胞h，訊號換手（Hand〇ver)的處理相 當容易。而且，藉由無線區域網路裝置i 8〇中的指向性天 線190d和無線區域網路裝置1〇〇中的指向性天線u〇b， 使用者由細胞B跨越至細胞η時，其位置便可被確定， 而達到定位的功能。 另外，請參照第3圖，其緣示根據本發明之另一較佳 實施例之智慧型天線系統的運作示意圖。本發明之智慧型 天線系統亦可由安裝在無線區域網路收發模組上之陣列 天線210a和210b所組成，其中陣列天線21〇a(或21〇b) 係由複數個全向性天線（例如：偶極天線（Dip〇ie Antenna》 所組成’這些全向性天線係選自全向性天線群組204。陣 列天線的幅射場型被控制為指向性的幅射場型，藉以使陣 列天線21 0 a負貴相對之細胞B和細胞D中之複數個使用 者的通訊；而陣列天線2 1 Ob負責相對之細胞a和細胞C 中之複數個使用者的通訊。由於陣列天線210a的幅射場 型230a與陣列天線210b的幅射場型230b互不干擾，因 此，細胞A(或細胞C)與細胞B(或細胞D)中的使用者可 使用同一頻率。故使用兩組陣列天線和無線區域網路收發 模組，便可增加使用者數目為兩倍。 以上所述之陣列天線的數目與位置僅為舉例說明，本 發明可以實際需要增減陣列天線的數目，故本發明並不在 此限。 值得一提的是，本發明可適用於任何無線區域網路裝 置，例如：網路橋接器（Access Point)、無線閘道器 (Gateway)、無線交換器（Switch)、無線集線器（Hub)、無 1287921 線交換集線器（Switching Hub)以及無線交換路由器 (Switching Router)等。以下僅以網路橋接器的結構來做說 明： 請參照第4圖，其繪示應用本發明之具有智慧塑天線 系統之網路橋接器的結構示意圖。此網路橋接器具有··中 央處理器（CPU);分別安裝有智慧型天線310a〜d的無線 區域網路收發模組320a〜d ;同步動態隨機記憶@ (SDRAM)330;快閃記憶體334;串列埠336;重設（Reset)/ 監視器（Watchdog)IC 334和其發光二極體340;以及RJ-45 連接裝置358。 中央處理器（CPU) 300與無線區域網路收發模組 320a〜d間係以介面元件302a〜d來連接，而無線區域網路 收發模組320a〜d可為例如ΙΕΕΕ802·11α的技術標準、 IEEE802.11b的技術標準、IEEE802.11g的技術標準或前 述之技術標準的任意組合等。介面元件302a〜d可為例如 周邊零件連接介面（Peripheral Component Interface ; PCI)、迷你（Mini)PCI、PCMCIA(Personal Computer Memory Card International Association)或 Cardbus 介面 等。而智慧型天線3 10a〜d可為如第1圖或第2圖所示之 天線。 中央處理器300與同步動態隨機記憶體330、快閃記 憶體334和串列埠336間係以系統匯流排（System Bus)332 來連接。中央處理器300與重設/監視器IC 334和其發光 二極體340間係以通用輸出輸入（GPIO)342來連接。另 外，中央處理器300係先以RJ-45介面352(例如：周邊零 11 1287921 件連接介面或迷你PCI)連接至媒體存取層（mac)/實體層 (PHY)354 ’ 再透過磁性構件（Magnetic Component ;如變 麼器）356連接至rj-45連接裝置358，藉以連結至區域網 路。 由上述本發明較佳實施例可知，應用本發明的優點 為：使用者的數目隨天線的數目而增加、具有定位的功 能、以及其天線具有高增益，而能在使用與習知之無線區 域網路裝置相同的發射功率下，獲得依指數關係倍增的通 訊距離。 雖然本發明已以一較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用 以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精 神和範圍内，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保 護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖為纷示根據本發明之一較佳實施例之具有智 慧型天線系統之無線區域網路裝置的運作示意圖。 第2圖為繪示使用本發明之一較佳實施例之無線區 域網路中之細胞的通訊示意圖。 第3圖為綠示根據本發明之另一較佳實施例之智讓 型天線系統的運作示意圖。 第4圖為繪示應用本發明之具有智慧型天線系統之 網路橋接器的結構示意圖。 【元件代表符號簡單說明】 100、180 :無線區域網路裝置 110a、110b :指向性天線 12 1287921 110c、110d :指向性天線 120a、120b:無線區域網路收發模組 120c、120d:無線區域網路收發模組 130a、130b :幅射場型 130c、130d :幅射場型 140a、140b :使用者 140c、140d :使用者 190d ··指向性天線 204 ··全向性天線群組 210a、210b :陣列天線 230a、230b :幅射場型 300 :中央處理器 302a、302b :介面元件 302c、302d :介面元件 310a、310b :智慧型天線 310c、310d :智慧型天線 320a、3 20b :無線區域網路收發模組 3 20c、320d :無線區域網路收發模組 330 :同步動態隨機記憶體 332 :系統匯流排 334 :快閃記憶體 336 :串列埠 340 :發光二極體 342 :通用輸出輸入BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wireless local area network device having a smart antenna system, and more particularly to a limited bandwidth and limited space. , a wireless local area network device that increases the number of users. [Prior Art] As the cost of erecting wireless local area networks (WLANs) is becoming lower and lower, wireless local area networks are favored by more and more consumers. In terms of hardware, not only desktop computers and notebook computers have built-in wireless network functions, but even products such as handheld computers and tablet PCs provide support for wireless networks. In addition, many public places, including airports, cafes, restaurants, etc., have set up wireless Internet hotspots (H〇t Spot). Typically, a wireless local area network includes a wireless area network card (WLAN Card) and a network bridge (Access p〇int). The main function of the network bridge is to act as a bridge between the wired network and the wireless network. Through the network bridge, any PC with a wireless network card can share the resources of the wired network through the network bridge. In addition, the network bridge thief itself can also have network management functions, which can provide necessary control for the connected personal computers. The network bridge communicates with the users in the cells covered by the antenna through the antenna of the wireless network card. To increase the number of users, the number of wireless network cards and antennas is increased. In general, the number of users should increase with the number of wireless network cards and antennas. For example, two wireless network cards should provide twice the number of users. 1287921 However, since the same frequency interference occurs between the antennas in the conventional network bridge, even if the number of antennas increases, different users cannot use the same frequency for different antennas at the same time, so in limited bandwidth and limited space. The frequency that the user can use is quite limited. Therefore, the number of users cannot be increased by the number of antennas. Moreover, since the light field shape of the plurality of antennas of the conventional network bridge (Ra (Jiati〇n pattern) is in a mutually overlapping portion, it is impossible to confirm the user by two conventional network bridges. The location (the so-called positioning function). The network bridge described above is only an example. Other wireless local area network devices such as wireless gateways have the same disadvantages. A wireless local area network device with a smart antenna system, such that the number of users can increase with the number of antennas' and can be achieved by two wireless local area network devices. [Description of the Invention] The object is to provide a wireless local area network device with a smart antenna system, which can increase the number of users by increasing the number of antennas. A further object of the present invention is to provide a wireless area network with a smart antenna system. The road device can realize the function of determining the position of the user by two wireless local area network devices. Another object of the present invention is Providing a wireless local area network device with a smart antenna system whereby its antenna has a high gain (Gain) and is obtained by using the same transmission power as a conventional wireless local area network device (Exp〇nential) The communication distance multiplied by the relationship. According to the above object of the present invention, a wireless local area network device having a smart antenna system 1287921 is proposed. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wireless local area network having the smart antenna system The device includes at least: a plurality of wireless local area network transceiver modules (wlan Transceiver Modules), and a plurality of directional antennas (Directional Antennas) respectively installed on the wireless area network transceiver module in a one-to-one manner, wherein The directional antennas are equally spaced in a circular array, and each directional antenna is responsible for communication by a plurality of users in a cell. Further, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wisdom The wireless local area network device of the antenna system includes at least: a plurality of wireless local area network transceiver modules, and A plurality of array antennas (Array Antennas) mounted on the wireless area network transceiver module, wherein each array antenna is composed of a plurality of Omni-directional antennas, and the radiation fields of the array antennas The model is controlled to be a directional radiation field type, and each array antenna is responsible for communication with a plurality of users in the two cells. Therefore, by applying the present invention, the number of users may vary with the number of antennas. The function of determining the position of the user can be achieved by two wireless local area network devices, and the antenna can have a high gain (Gain), and can use the same transmission as the conventional wireless local area network device. Under power, the communication distance multiplied by the exponential relationship is obtained. [Embodiment] Please refer to Fig. 1 for an operation diagram of a wireless local area network device having a smart antenna system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The wireless local area network device 100 of the present invention has wireless local area network transceiver modules 120a~d; and directional antennas 11a~d, wherein the directivity 1287921 lines 110a~d are respectively installed in the wireless area network transceiver module. On the group md, the directional antennas 1 l〇a to d are distributed equidistantly on the periphery of the wireless local area network device 100 in an annular array. Since the radiation field types 130a to d of the directional antennas H 〇 a to d are each concentrated in a single direction, the directional antennas 110a to 110d are individually responsible for the communication of the plurality of users 140a to d in the cells A to D. Therefore, even if the users 14〇a to d use the same frequency for communication, the communication in the cells A to D does not interfere with each other. That is to say, in a limited bandwidth and a limited space, each directional antenna can make full use of its bandwidth, and it is not necessary to be limited by the inter-antenna interference between the antennas, so the mother adds a set of directional antennas and wireless regions. The network transceiver module can double the number of users. As shown in Fig. 1, the wireless local area network device 100 uses four sets of directional antennas and a wireless area network transceiver module, so that the number of users is increased to four times that of the single antenna mode. The number and location of the directional antenna and the WLAN transceiver module described above are merely illustrative. The present invention can increase or decrease the number of the directional antenna and the wireless area network transceiver module according to actual needs. For example, when a wireless local area network device uses six sets of directional antennas and a wireless area network transceiver module, the six directional antennas that are equally spaced in a circular array can be responsible for communication of six cells, respectively. The number of users is increased by six times that of the early antenna. The wireless area network transceiver module can be a wireless area network card. Referring to Figure 2, there is shown a schematic diagram of communication of cells in a wireless local area network using a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, each WLAN device is responsible for the communication of the surrounding four cells, and the radiation field pattern of each antenna does not overlap, or has almost no overlap, so when using 1287921, the cell B crosses to the cell. h, the handling of the hand change (Hand〇ver) is quite easy. Moreover, by the directional antenna 190d in the wireless local area network device i 8 和 and the directional antenna u 〇 b in the wireless local area network device 1 ,, when the user crosses the cell B to the cell η, the position is Can be determined to achieve the positioning function. In addition, please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the smart antenna system according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. The smart antenna system of the present invention may also be composed of array antennas 210a and 210b mounted on a wireless area network transceiver module, wherein the array antenna 21〇a (or 21〇b) is composed of a plurality of omnidirectional antennas (for example : Dipole antenna (Dip〇ie Antenna) composed of these omnidirectional antennas is selected from the omnidirectional antenna group 204. The radiation field pattern of the array antenna is controlled to a directional radiation field type, thereby making the array Antenna 21 0 a negatively communicates with a plurality of users in cell B and cell D; and array antenna 2 1 Ob is responsible for communication with a plurality of users in cell a and cell C. Due to array antenna 210a The radiation field type 230a does not interfere with the radiation field type 230b of the array antenna 210b, and therefore, the cells in the cell A (or the cell C) and the cell B (or the cell D) can use the same frequency. Therefore, two sets of arrays are used. The antenna and the wireless area network transceiver module can increase the number of users by two times. The number and location of the array antennas described above are merely illustrative, and the present invention can actually increase or decrease the number of array antennas, so the present invention Not here It is worth mentioning that the present invention is applicable to any wireless local area network device, such as: an access point, a gateway, a wireless switch, and a hub. There is no 1287921 Switching Hub and Switching Router. The following is only the structure of the network bridge: Please refer to Figure 4, which shows the smart plastic antenna to which the present invention is applied. Schematic diagram of the network bridge of the system. The network bridge has a central processing unit (CPU); wireless area network transceiver modules 320a~d respectively equipped with smart antennas 310a~d; synchronous dynamic random memory @(SDRAM)330; flash memory 334; serial port 336; reset/watchdog IC 334 and its light emitting diode 340; and RJ-45 connecting device 358. The CPU 300 and the wireless LAN transceiver modules 320a-d are connected by interface elements 302a-d, and the wireless LAN transceiver modules 320a-d can be, for example, the technical standard of 802.11α, IEEE802.11b. technical standard The technical standard of IEEE802.11g or any combination of the foregoing technical standards, etc. The interface elements 302a-d may be, for example, a Peripheral Component Interface (PCI), a Mini (PCI) PCI, or a PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association). ) or the Cardbus interface. The smart antennas 3 10a to 10d may be antennas as shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2. The central processing unit 300 is connected to the synchronous dynamic random memory 330, the flash memory 334, and the serial port 336 by a system bus 332. The central processing unit 300 is connected to the reset/monitor IC 334 and its light-emitting diode 340 by a general purpose output input (GPIO) 342. In addition, the central processing unit 300 is first connected to the media access layer (mac) / physical layer (PHY) 354 ' through the RJ-45 interface 352 (for example: peripheral zero 11 1287921 piece interface or mini PCI) and then through the magnetic member ( The Magnetic Component 356 is connected to the rj-45 connector 358 to connect to the local area network. It can be seen from the above preferred embodiments of the present invention that the advantages of applying the present invention are: the number of users increases with the number of antennas, has the function of positioning, and the antenna has high gain, and can be used in the conventional wireless area network. Under the same transmission power of the road device, the communication distance multiplied by the exponential relationship is obtained. Although the present invention has been described above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a wireless local area network device having a smart antenna system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the communication of cells in a wireless local area network using a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the operation of the smart antenna system according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the construction of a network bridge having a smart antenna system to which the present invention is applied. [Simplified Description of Component Symbols] 100, 180: Wireless Local Area Network Devices 110a, 110b: Directional Antennas 12 1287921 110c, 110d: Directional Antennas 120a, 120b: Wireless Area Network Transceiver Modules 120c, 120d: Wireless Area Network The road transceiver module 130a, 130b: the radiation field type 130c, 130d: the radiation field type 140a, 140b: the user 140c, 140d: the user 190d · the directional antenna 204 · the omnidirectional antenna group 210a, 210b Array antennas 230a, 230b: radiant field type 300: central processing units 302a, 302b: interface elements 302c, 302d: interface elements 310a, 310b: smart antennas 310c, 310d: smart antennas 320a, 3 20b: wireless area network Road transceiver module 3 20c, 320d: wireless area network transceiver module 330: synchronous dynamic random memory 332: system bus 334: flash memory 336: serial port 340: light emitting diode 342: universal output input
344 :重設/監視器1C 13 1287921 352 ·· RJ_45 介面 354 :媒體存取層/實體層 356 :磁性構件 358 : RJ-45連接裝置344: Reset/Monitor 1C 13 1287921 352 ·· RJ_45 Interface 354: Media Access Layer/Solid Layer 356: Magnetic Member 358 : RJ-45 Connector