1286217 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種具辨別二次電池是否過度放電之測量方法，尤 其針對二次電池賊前躺該電池是否過度放電，進峨制充電電流 之大小。 【先前技術】 隨著微電子技術的顯著進步，使用一次電池(不能充電），二次電 池（藉充電而能反覆使用之電池）的二次電池來驅動電子機器之情形 大幅增加，例如，隨身聽、手提音響、攝影機、照相機等小型電子用 品之外，諸如重視環保之電動機、汽車等大都使用具備蓄電功能之二 次電池，因此，現在電池在很多地方都可輕易購得，但在機器的使用 時，遇二次電池之電力已消耗完畢，而有苦惱經驗的人大有人在。 上提各項設備在進行二次電池使用時，均會造成電池飽合電壓Vs 電壓下降，而在電池電壓小於設備之額冑電壓時，設備因電壓不足將 進行關機，如第1圖所示為二次電池之放電電壓與時咖係圖，電池 電壓由飽合電壓Vs降到關機電壓Voff，但是，由於電池内部的化學自 然反應將會使該電池產生假性電壓VA (yA>V〇ff )，此時，若使用者不 察，而重新開啟設備繼續使用該電池，將會造成電池電壓過度放電（電 壓降為VB，且VB<Voff)，在現有充電器設計技術中，雖多有設計低電 流之過度放電模式，但是，實質上各家充電器均未設有任何設計去備 測實際電池過度放電後之電壓，因此，使用者往往發現一種狀況是當 電池裝設後無法充電，或者電池直接以高電壓大電流的暫態過電壓與 暫態過電流對該二次電池做快速充電，在此充電狀態下不僅容易造成 電池溫度上升，在這種環境下電解液會分解並產生氣體，造成蓄電池 可供使用電量下降甚至導致電池内壓上升而發生自燃或破裂的危險。 而該過度放電狀態下電解液因分解導致電池特性及耐久性劣化，嚴重 損壞蓄電池的再充電能力和蓄電能力，從而降低二次電池的可充電次 1286217 一次電池20充電完成後更具有一脈衝充電模式H，以判定電壓V2或 者基準電壓VI與判定電壓V2之平均電壓Va與過度放電電壓Voff比 較，若小於或等於過度放電電壓voff (Va$v〇ff )則進入深度充電模 式，若大於過度放電電壓Voff (Va>v〇ff)則進入正常充電模式，本 發明以基準電壓VI與判定電壓V2之平均電壓ya為實施例，如第4 圖所示，此處所得之平均電壓Va將會趨近於二次電池的真實電 壓，此時微控制器141會將平均電壓Va與該種類二次電池20的過度 放電電壓Voff做一比較，如果平均電壓Va大於過度放電電壓v〇ff， 則充電器10將進入快速充電模式，須注意的是，電壓比較亦可在控 制單元11完成。 但，如果平均電壓Va等於或小於過度放電電壓v〇ff(Va$v〇ff)， 表不此二次電池20係為一已過度放電之電池則充電器1〇將進入深度 充電模式，請如第5圖所示之該電池電壓，此時即落在深度充電階段 Ml，如圖所示，此階段之充電電流係為一小電流比之充電方式，在 充電過程中，充電器1〇將間隔一定時間對電池進行電量檢測!），與前 述相同在充電訊號後加入一中斷訊號後，再次檢測得到該二次電池2〇 此時之基準電壓VI及判定電壓V2，經過微控制器141運算取得新的 平均電壓Va，微控制器141將該平均電壓Va與預設過度放電電壓Voff 做一比較，如果平均電壓Va小於或等於過度放電電壓voff，表示該 二次電池20尚在深度充電階段，則重複回到深度充電模式c。但，如 果平均電壓Va大於過度放電電壓Voff，則充電器1〇將進入下一模 式，即快速充電模式E。 快速充電模式E :當平均電壓Va大於過度放電電壓Voff時，如 「第5圖」所示之快速充電階段M2，此模式之充電電流係為一持 續大電流之充電模式，即充電器1〇將對二次電池2〇進行定電流模式 充電。又，為讓使用者能即時獲得二次電池2〇已完成充電之電量值， 快速充電階段之定電流I可依控制單元11之中斷訊號使該充電電流 形成一多段間隔之充電樣態，此充電中斷的短暫時間程序將進入電量 1286217 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖，為二次電池之放電電壓與時間關係圖。 第2圖，為本發明之測量流程方塊圖。 第3圖，為本發明之充電器電路方塊圖。 第4圖，為本發明之充電流程示意圖。 第5圖，為本發明之二次電池之電壓及充電電流與時間的關 係圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 :充電器 11 :控制單元 12 :變壓單元 13 :顯示單元 14 :偵測迴路 141 :微控制器 142 :訊號轉換器 143 :負載電路 20 :二次電池 A :初始化設定 B:電池電量檢測 bl :取得基準電壓 b2 :取得二次電壓 b3 :電壓比較以決定充電模式 C 深度充電模式 D 電量檢測 E 快速充電模式 F 電量測試 G 電量顯示 Η 脈衝充電模式 12862171286217 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a measuring method for discriminating whether a secondary battery is excessively discharged, and particularly for a secondary battery thief lying in front of the battery for excessive discharge, and charging current size. [Prior Art] With the remarkable progress of microelectronics technology, the use of primary batteries (which cannot be charged) and secondary batteries (batteries that can be used repeatedly by charging) to drive electronic devices has increased dramatically, for example, In addition to small electronic products such as audio, portable audio, cameras, and cameras, such as electric motors and automobiles that pay attention to environmental protection, most of them use secondary batteries with power storage functions. Therefore, batteries are now readily available in many places, but in machines. When used, the power of the secondary battery has been consumed, and there are many people with distressed experience. When the device is used for secondary battery, the battery saturation voltage Vs voltage will drop, and when the battery voltage is less than the device's voltage, the device will be shut down due to insufficient voltage, as shown in Figure 1. For the discharge voltage and time diagram of the secondary battery, the battery voltage is lowered from the saturation voltage Vs to the shutdown voltage Voff. However, due to the chemical natural reaction inside the battery, the battery will generate a pseudo voltage VA (yA>V〇 Ff) At this time, if the user does not check and re-open the device to continue using the battery, the battery voltage will be over-discharged (voltage drop is VB, and VB < Voff), although in the existing charger design technology, There is an over-discharge mode with low current design. However, virtually none of the chargers have any design to measure the voltage after the actual battery is over-discharged. Therefore, users often find a situation in which the battery cannot be charged after it is installed. , or the battery directly charges the secondary battery with a transient over-voltage and a transient over-current of a high voltage and a large current, and the battery temperature is not easily caused in this state of charge. L, the electrolytic solution in this environment will decompose and generate gas, resulting in a battery available power drops even lead to the risk of spontaneous combustion pressure of the battery increases or rupture occur. In the over-discharge state, the electrolyte is degraded to deteriorate the battery characteristics and durability, and the recharging capacity and the storage capacity of the battery are seriously damaged, thereby reducing the chargeability of the secondary battery. 1286217. After the completion of the charging of the primary battery 20, there is a pulse charging. In the mode H, the average voltage Va of the determination voltage V2 or the reference voltage VI and the determination voltage V2 is compared with the overdischarge voltage Voff, and if it is less than or equal to the overdischarge voltage voff (Va$v〇ff), the deep charge mode is entered, if it is greater than excessive The discharge voltage Voff (Va>v〇ff) enters the normal charging mode. In the present invention, the average voltage ya of the reference voltage VI and the determination voltage V2 is taken as an example. As shown in FIG. 4, the average voltage Va obtained here will be Approaching the true voltage of the secondary battery, the microcontroller 141 compares the average voltage Va with the overdischarge voltage Voff of the type of secondary battery 20, and if the average voltage Va is greater than the overdischarge voltage v〇ff, The charger 10 will enter the fast charging mode, it being noted that the voltage comparison can also be done at the control unit 11. However, if the average voltage Va is equal to or less than the overdischarge voltage v〇ff(Va$v〇ff), indicating that the secondary battery 20 is an overdischarged battery, the charger 1〇 will enter the deep charge mode, please The battery voltage as shown in Fig. 5 falls at the deep charging phase M1 at this time. As shown in the figure, the charging current at this stage is a small current ratio charging mode. During the charging process, the charger 1〇 The battery is detected for a certain period of time!), after adding an interrupt signal after the charging signal, the reference voltage VI and the determination voltage V2 of the secondary battery 2 are detected again, and the microcontroller 141 is passed through the microcontroller 141. The operation obtains a new average voltage Va, and the microcontroller 141 compares the average voltage Va with the preset over-discharge voltage Voff. If the average voltage Va is less than or equal to the over-discharge voltage voff, it indicates that the secondary battery 20 is still being deeply charged. At the stage, it is repeated back to the deep charging mode c. However, if the average voltage Va is greater than the overdischarge voltage Voff, the charger 1 〇 will enter the next mode, the fast charging mode E. Fast charging mode E: When the average voltage Va is greater than the overdischarge voltage Voff, as in the fast charging phase M2 shown in "Fig. 5", the charging current of this mode is a continuous high current charging mode, that is, the charger 1〇 The secondary battery 2 is charged in a constant current mode. Moreover, in order to enable the user to immediately obtain the electric quantity value of the secondary battery 2 that has been charged, the constant current I of the fast charging phase can cause the charging current to form a multi-segment charging state according to the interrupt signal of the control unit 11. The short-time program of this charge interruption will enter the power 1286217 [Simplified description of the drawing] Figure 1 is the relationship between the discharge voltage and time of the secondary battery. Figure 2 is a block diagram of the measurement flow of the present invention. Figure 3 is a block diagram of the charger circuit of the present invention. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the charging process of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between voltage and charging current and time of the secondary battery of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 10: Charger 11: Control unit 12: Transformer unit 13: Display unit 14: Detection circuit 141: Microcontroller 142: Signal converter 143: Load circuit 20: Secondary battery A: Initialization Setting B: Battery power detection bl: Obtaining reference voltage b2: Obtaining secondary voltage b3: Voltage comparison to determine charging mode C Deep charging mode D Battery detection E Fast charging mode F Power test G Battery display 脉冲 Pulse charging mode 1286217
Ml :深度充電階段 M2 :快速充電階段 M3 :維持充電階段Ml: deep charging phase M2: fast charging phase M3: maintaining charging phase
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