1284553 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 及有關於一種具遊戲觸喿作功能切換鍵之輸入裝置 :=至設定之纖作模式之遊戲 【先前技術】 晰目、前Γ面上有許多類型之遊戲，例如包括但不局限於打 鬥(fightmg)、赛車(racing)、飛行_.叩）、益智或射擊 ί 同軸_有不同之功能和發射或驅__按 花時間去設定每一種遊戲所對應之發射或驅動 按鍵使用上而言，將對使用者造成相當之不便。 之游准ΐ我國公告第M·59號新型專利「具發光裝置 之遊戲/電細程式控制器」（其申請日為中華民國的年1〇月12 日，公告日為中華民國94年〇6月11日），係提供一種r具發光 ，置之遊戲程式控制器」，其特徵係在—遊戲/電腦程式控制 器加設有-發光裝置，該發光裝置並受—電路裝置控制其發光強 弱及閃爍頻率，於玩遊戲的同時，配合情節作發光強弱及閃燦頻 率變換的_，能更增加玩遊戲之瞒的聲摘動美感者，惟該 專利案只能用來增加其聲光效果，更不能增加遊戲控制器之各 對應之操作功能。。 又例如已核准之我國公告第358379號新型專利「多功能遊戲 裝置」（其申請曰為中華民國86年10月20曰曰，公告曰為中華 民國88年05月11日），係提供一種「多功能遊戲裝置」，包括一 具滑鼠功能之隨身遊戲機，該具滑鼠功能之隨身遊戲機包括：一 電源供應裝置；一人機介面；一感測器；一循跡裝置；一記憶體； 1284553 一微處理機；以及一通訊介面；其中，當該感測器偵知該使用者 狀態資料，係為該具滑鼠功能之隨身遊戲機作遊戲機使用時，該 感測器通知連接的該微處理機，使該微處理機控制所連接該記憶 體、人機介面運作，將該記憶體所儲存該遊戲資料讀取，並以^ 人機介面接收外界使用者之輸入資料，以及輸出資料給外界使^ 者知曉，同時該電源供應裝置進行電源供給給上述元件；當該感 測器摘知該使用者狀態資料，係為該具滑鼠功能之隨身遊戲^乍 滑鼠之用時’域測Hit知連接賴微處理機，使職處理機控 制所連接該記㈣、人機介面錢通齡面運作，將該記憶體所 儲存該遊戲資料，經過該微處理機，以該通訊介面送出該外部裳 ^，並以該人機介面接收外界制者之輸人資料，同時該循跡^ ，檢測移動之軌跡。惟上述專利案只供_滑鼠或遊戲機之^ =而不能進行遊戲操倾式之切換，更不 各式對應之操作功能。 、職彻之 置it已我國公告第551555賴型專利「遊戲鍵盤裝 92」年09 Λΐ η Γ 91年〇4月3〇曰，公告曰為中華民國 f日）’係提供一種「遊戲鍵盤裝置」，包含：一按鍵 -方向準ΐ盤按，、滑鼠按鍵、遊戲按鍵及切換鍵; 按鍵、ΐ戲按鍵:：?二理器；以及一外殼，配置前述標準鍵盤 =件。惟上述盤 作模式之切換，更不能增加遊戲控制器之:: 90^06, 〇8 a 能的滑鼠，日）’该案只能提供具有連續發射功 b進仃遊戲操作模式之切換，更不能增加遊戲控 6 Ϊ284553 制器之各式對應之操作功能。 穿置作功能切換鍵之輸入 置，當該切換鍵被按㈣，該輸入穿有置至少-指示裝 模式切換至設定之遊戲操作會;據=， 戲裝置之問題。 併解决上述習知遊 【發明内容】 ^述習知技術之缺點，本發明之目的係提供一種且遊 置會=預設之遊戲操作模式切:至設定=作：入裝 幹入另—目的係提供—種具遊戲賊操作功能切換鍵之 ^。裝置及”切換方法，其具有指示燈可指示設定之遊戲操作模 幹入另一目的係提供一種具遊戲預設操作功能切換鍵之 於不同賴1，科需再重概定猶應讀=便使用者切換 之輸=述=包;發明:體種=預設操作功能切換鍵 f置! 間中且分職接至該切換鍵及該指示 ίϊ二存由該切換鍵所預設之遊戲操作模式；俾該切換 紐控彻會根據該麟之戰操作模式切換至設 ^之遊戲雜赋且_難絲置指補狀之遊戲操作模 為達上述之目的，本發明之一種具遊_設操作功能切換鍵 換鍵，係置於該空財且外__， 戲知倾式；至少一指示裝置，係置於該空間中；以 1284553 =入ί置之電源供應方法，其包括下列步驟：提供—切換鍵， 八I外，於該輸入裝置之一殼體；經由該切換鍵對各類遊戲預設 ’、遊戲操作模式之設定值；儲存該遊戲操作模式之設定值；提供 上，控制器，其可偵測該切換鍵是否被按下，若否，則持續偵測； 控制器切換該遊戲操作模式至下一設定值；以及提供至少一 才一曰不裝置，該微控制器可輸出信號以致能代表該下一設定值之 示裝置。 為使貴審查委員能進一步瞭解本發明之結構、特徵及其目 的，茲附以圖式及較佳具體實施例之詳細說明如后。 【實施方式】 印一併參照圖1及圖2，其中圖1係繪示根據本發明之一較 佳實施例之具遊戲預設操作功能切換鍵之輸入裝置之立體示意 ^圖2係繚示根據本發明之一較佳實施例之具遊戲預設操作^ 能切換鍵之輸入裝置之電路方塊示意圖。如圖所示，本發明之具 遊戲預設操作功能切換鍵之輸入裝置，其例如但不限於係一滑 鼠、一鍵盤或一遊戲控制器，而遊戲控制器則例如但不限於係一 方向盤、一搖桿或一遊戲桿(gamepad)，其包括：一殼體1〇 ; 一 切換鍵20 ;至少一指示裝置3〇，一微控制器5〇，及複數個控制 鍵40所組合而成。 其中，該殼體10較佳係以塑膠材料所製成，其具有一空間 11以容置該切換鍵20、指示裝置30以及該微控制器5〇等元件， 且该殼體10上進一步具有一開孔12。此外，於該空間11中進一 步具有一印刷電路板(圖未示），以供承載該指示裝置及該微控制 器’為此乃習知技藝，故在此不擬贅述。 該切換鍵20 ,係置於該空間彳彳中且外露於該開孔12，其可 供使用者選擇或没疋遊戲操作模式；該切換鍵2〇包括但不局限於 可為按壓式、旋鈕式或是推板式…等等。其中，該切換鍵2〇或可 以4553 • $木用具有透明或半透明之殼體，以使該指示裝4 30所發出之燈光 I穿透該切換鍵20，以達指示之效果者。此外，該切換鍵2〇之 面上進步具有右干荨距設定之文/數字21，例如但不限於為 、G2j G3、G4及G5，藉以分別指示該遊戲操作模式。其中 ^文/數"1例如但不祕為可似卩職黏貼方 鍵20之表面上。 、 口該指示裝置30係置於該空間Ή +，用以指示該設定之遊戲 •操作模式；其中，該文/數字21之數量與該指示裝置30相同，在 鲁 本實施例中，該文/數字21與該指示裝置30之數量係為5個，但 並不以此為限。此外，本發明的實施例中，係將該文/數字21 圍繞於該切換鍵20之邊緣。 ’、 该微控制器50係位於該空間中且位於該印刷電路板上，其分 別麵接至該切換鍵20及該指示裝置30，其可儲存經由該切換鍵 20所預設之遊戲操作模式之功能。此外，該微控制器例如但 不限於具有-内建記憶體(圖未示），以供儲存該預設之遊戲操作模 式。 、 —複數個控制鍵40，包括但不局限於殼體1〇上所設置的任何 % 知：鍵或疋滾輪…等結構；當微控制器50設定為一特定的遊戲操作 模式時，使用者按壓該複數個控制鍵4〇即可產生一對應該遊戲 作模式的控制訊號。 μ ^於使用時，使用者可經由電腦系統或是由廠商出貨時預設不 同遊戲之遊戲操作模式。例如，G1可代表打鬥遊戲之操作模式， G2可代表赛車遊戲之操作模式，G3可代表飛行之操作模式，G4 可代表益智遊戲之操作模式而G5則可代表射擊遊戲之操作模 式’並將違操作模式儲存於該微控制器50之内建記憶體中；俾該 =換鍵20被按壓時，例如該切換鍵20被按壓一次時，該微控制 器50即將其操作模式切換至G1(即打鬥遊戲之操作模式），同時 9 1284553 裝置3Q也被點亮；肋_2Q被按壓第二次時， 細控制器5〇即將其操作模式切換至G2(即賽車遊 下方之指示裝置3〇也被點亮；該切換鍵2〇被按壓 即料細嫩触G3(_亍遊戲 2〇被按壓工第四i纟兮下方之指不裝置30也被點亮；該切換鍵 兴知麟夕人時，雜控制器5〇即將其操作模式切換至G4(即 皿曰遊戲之麵作模式），同時G4下方之指示裝置3 及該切換鍵20被第五次時，該微 摔^模^ 士; Γ刀換鍵20被按壓第六次時，該微控制器50即將其 至G1(即打鬥遊戲之操作模式），重新開始循環。而 切換鍵20切換’並設定微控制器50為-特定的遊 ，作财時，烟雜_魏健麵4 ==式:控制訊號。因此’本發明之具遊戲=操ί ^切換鍵之輸人裝置確可改善f知遊戲裝置或輸人裝置之缺 法。ϋ卜昭提t 一種輸入裝置之遊戲操作模式之切換方 方法4、: 之輸入裝置之遊戲操作模式之切換 圖所示，本發明之輸入裝置之遊戲操作模 式之切換方法包括下列步驟··提供—切換鍵2G，並可 1) ； 20 驟'3/.、麻式之叹疋值(步驟2);儲存該遊戲操作模式之設定值(步 ，3)，祕—微控制器5〇，其可偵測該切換鍵2〇是否被按下， 4);該微控制器5_ 5^^ );以及提供至少一指示裝置30，該微控㈣ 〇可=信號以致能代表該下一設定值之指示裝置3〇(步驟^ ，、於雜驟1中，該殼體1〇較佳係以塑膠材料所製成， 1284553 器A|=刀換鍵20、指示裝置30以及該微控制 二二Λ 上進一步具有-開孔12。 模式之設ί值。复中經，切換鍵20對各類遊戲預設其遊戲操作 效果者。此外，該切 之切換鍵2〇，以達指示之 別ΐΓΖ戲、G2、G3、G4及田，藉以分 戲之操作模式“代莫式例如&可代表打鬥遊 之操作模式，G4可代mi 4讀侧式，㈤可代表飛行 遊戲之操作模式。表皿$遊戲之操作模式而G5則可代表射擊 按下，;’該控制器50可偵測該切麵2〇是否被 50即將A摔作模;若該切換鍵20被按下’則該微控制器 下方之产3 2切換至叫即打鬥遊戲之操作模式），同_ 則該微控制e 細麵2G被滅第二次時， 壓第n 裝也被點亮；若該切換鍵20被按 時G3下方之指示裝置3〇也被點亮；若該切 至G4(即兴ΐϋ四，，則該微控制器5〇即將其操作模式切換 點真；以城之姆模式），同時G4下方之指示裝£3〇也被 將^操作槿換鍵20被按遷第五次時，則該微控制器50即 二：胜:刀換至G5(即射擊遊戲之操作模式），同時G5下方 也被點亮；若該切換鍵2G被按壓第六次時，該微 i新開始作模式切換至G1(即_戲之操作模式）， 藉由上述財法’當仙者彻城鍵2G城，並設定微控制器 1284553 =為-特㈣遊戲操作模式時，使用者按顯體扣 數個控制鍵40時，即可分職生—對鏡^ 善習知軸裝置絲人裝k缺點。 '刀換方去確可改 一并所L經Ϊ本案之實施’其係於殼體中具有-切換鍵及至少 扣不裝置，虽该切換鍵被按壓時，該輸 據 遊戲操作模式切換至設定之遊鋪作模式;如此:=;:: 遊戲裝置或.裝置讀點。 即了改善各知1284553 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] and an input device with a game touch function switching key: = to a set mode of the game mode [Prior Art] Clear eyes, front face Many types of games, including but not limited to fight (fightmg), racing (racing), flying _. 叩), puzzle or shooting ί coaxial _ have different functions and launch or drive __ by time to set The use of the launch or drive buttons for each game will be quite inconvenient for the user.游 ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ ΐ On the 11th of the month, a game controller is provided, which is characterized in that a game/computer program controller is provided with a light-emitting device, and the light-emitting device is controlled by the circuit device to control its light intensity. And the flicker frequency, while playing the game, with the plot to make the intensity of the light and the flashing frequency change _, can increase the sound of the game to pick up the beauty, but the patent can only be used to increase its sound and light effects. Moreover, it is not possible to increase the corresponding operational functions of the game controller. . For example, the new patent "Multi-function Game Device" of China's Announcement No. 358379 (the application for which is October 20, 2008, the announcement is the Republic of China on May 11, 88), provides a kind of " The multi-function game device includes a portable game machine with a mouse function, the portable game machine with the mouse function includes: a power supply device; a human machine interface; a sensor; a tracking device; a memory 1284553 A microprocessor; and a communication interface; wherein, when the sensor detects the user status data, the sensor informs the connection when the portable game machine with the mouse function is used as a game machine The microprocessor controls the microprocessor to control the connection of the memory and the human-machine interface, reads the game data stored in the memory, and receives the input data of the external user by using the human-machine interface, and The output data is known to the outside world, and the power supply device supplies power to the above components; when the sensor picks up the user status data, it is the portable game with the mouse function ^乍 When the mouse is used, the domain test Hit knows to connect to the microprocessor, and the job processor control unit connects the record (4), the human machine interface money Tongling face operation, the memory stores the game data, after the The microprocessor sends the external skirts with the communication interface, and receives the input data of the external maker by the human-machine interface, and simultaneously scans the track to detect the movement track. However, the above patent case is only for the _ mouse or the game machine ^ = and can not be switched between the game operation, and not the corresponding operation function. It has been announced that China's announcement of the 551,555 patent "game keyboard installed 92" year 09 Λΐ η Γ 91 years 〇 April 3 〇曰, the announcement 曰 for the Republic of China f day) 'system provides a "game keyboard device "", including: a button - the direction of the button, the mouse button, the game button and the switch button; the button, the button:: two processors; and a shell, the configuration of the aforementioned standard keyboard = pieces. However, the switching of the above-mentioned disk mode can not increase the game controller:: 90^06, 〇8 a capable mouse, day) 'The case can only provide switching with continuous transmission function b into the game operation mode. It is even more difficult to increase the operational functions of the various controls of the game control 6 Ϊ 284553. When the switch is set as the function switch button, when the switch button is pressed (4), the input is placed at least - the command mode is switched to the set game operation; according to the problem of the device. And solving the above-mentioned conventional knowledge [disclosure] The shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a type of play = preset game operation mode cut: to set = work: into the package into another - purpose The system provides - a game thief operating function switch button ^. The device and the "switching method, which has an indicator light to indicate that the set game operation mode is dry to another purpose, and provides a game preset operation function switching button for different functions, and the subject needs to be more surely read. User switching = description = package; invention: body type = preset operation function switching button f set! Inter- and sub-job to the switch button and the instruction ϊ ϊ 存 由 由 由 由 由 由 由 由Mode; the switch control button will be switched to the game game mode according to the game mode of the game, and the game operation mode of the game is for the purpose of the above, and a game of the present invention The operation function switching key is placed in the empty and external __, the trick is tilted; at least one pointing device is placed in the space; the power supply method is 1284553 = the following steps, including the following steps : providing - switching key, eight I outside, in one of the input device housings; setting the value of the game operation mode for each type of game via the switching key; storing the setting value of the game operation mode; providing a controller that can detect whether the switch button is pressed If not, continuously detecting; the controller switches the game operation mode to the next set value; and providing at least one device, the microcontroller can output a signal to represent the next set value display device The detailed description of the drawings and the preferred embodiments is set forth in the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an input device having a game preset operation function switching key according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a game preset according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Operation circuit diagram of the input device capable of switching keys. As shown in the figure, the input device of the game preset operation function switching key of the present invention is, for example but not limited to, a mouse, a keyboard or a game controller. The game controller is, for example but not limited to, a steering wheel, a joystick or a gamepad, comprising: a housing 1; a switching button 20; at least one indicating device 3, a microcontroller 5 And the plurality of control keys 40 are combined. The housing 10 is preferably made of a plastic material, and has a space 11 for accommodating the switching key 20, the pointing device 30, and the microcontroller 5. And an element (10) further having an opening 12 in the housing 10. Further, a printed circuit board (not shown) is further disposed in the space 11 for carrying the indicating device and the microcontroller It is a conventional skill, so it is not described here. The switch key 20 is placed in the space 且 and exposed to the opening 12, which is available for the user to select or not play the game operation mode; The 〇 includes, but is not limited to, a push type, a knob type, or a push plate type, etc., wherein the switch key 2 〇 or may be 4553 • $ wood has a transparent or translucent housing to enable the indication 4 The light I emitted by 30 passes through the switch button 20 to achieve the effect of the indication. In addition, the switch key 2〇 advances the text/number 21 having the right dry margin setting, such as but not limited to, G2j G3, G4, and G5, thereby indicating the game operation mode, respectively. Wherein ^文/数"1 for example but not secret is on the surface of the key 20 that can be used as a sticker. The mouth indicating device 30 is placed in the space Ή+ to indicate the set game operation mode; wherein the number of the text/number 21 is the same as the pointing device 30. In the Ruben embodiment, the article The number of the / number 21 and the indicating device 30 is five, but is not limited thereto. Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the text/number 21 is wrapped around the edge of the switch key 20. The microcontroller 50 is located in the space and is located on the printed circuit board, and is respectively connected to the switch button 20 and the pointing device 30, and can store the game operation mode preset via the switch button 20. The function. In addition, the microcontroller is, for example but not limited to, having built-in memory (not shown) for storing the preset game mode of operation. - a plurality of control keys 40, including but not limited to any of the structures provided on the housing 1 :: a key or a scroll wheel, etc.; when the microcontroller 50 is set to a particular game mode of operation, the user Pressing the plurality of control keys 4 〇 generates a pair of control signals that should be in the game mode. μ ^ When used, the user can preset the game operation mode of different games through the computer system or when shipped from the manufacturer. For example, G1 can represent the operating mode of the fighting game, G2 can represent the operating mode of the racing game, G3 can represent the operating mode of the flight, G4 can represent the operating mode of the puzzle game and G5 can represent the operating mode of the shooting game. The violation mode is stored in the built-in memory of the microcontroller 50; when the = key 20 is pressed, for example, when the switch key 20 is pressed once, the microcontroller 50 switches its operation mode to G1. (ie, the operation mode of the fighting game), while 9 1284553 device 3Q is also illuminated; when the rib_2Q is pressed a second time, the fine controller 5〇 switches its operation mode to G2 (ie, the indicating device 3 under the racing tour) 〇 is also lighted; the switch button 2 is pressed and is ready to touch G3 (_亍 game 2〇 is pressed, the finger device 30 below is also illuminated; the switch button is known as Lin Xi In the case of a person, the miscellaneous controller 5 switches its operation mode to G4 (ie, the game mode of the game), and when the pointing device 3 under the G4 and the switch button 20 are the fifth time, the micro-flip ^ The controller 50 when the sickle change button 20 is pressed for the sixth time Coming to G1 (the operating mode of the fighting game), the cycle is restarted. The switching key 20 switches 'and sets the microcontroller 50 to a specific tour. When making money, the smoke is _Weijian 4 ==: Control signal. Therefore, the input device of the present invention has the function of changing the game device or the input device. The switch mode of the game operation mode of the input device is Method 4: Switching diagram of the game operation mode of the input device, the method for switching the game operation mode of the input device of the present invention includes the following steps: providing - switching key 2G, and 1); 20 step '3/ ., the sigh value of the hemp type (step 2); store the set value of the game operation mode (step, 3), secret - the microcontroller 5 〇, which can detect whether the switch key 2 被 is pressed, 4 The microcontroller 5_5^^); and providing at least one indicating device 30, the micro-controller (4) 〇 = signal to enable the indicating device 3 代表 to represent the next set value (step ^, in the sequence 1 The housing 1 is preferably made of a plastic material, 1284553 A|=knife shift key 20, indicating device 30 The micro-control diode further has a - opening 12. The mode is set to ί value. The complex middle button, the switch button 20 presets the game operation effect for various games. In addition, the switch button 2〇 The instructions are different, G2, G3, G4 and Tian, by means of the operation mode of the play, "Demo type, for example, can represent the operation mode of the fight, G4 can read the side of the mi 4, (5) can represent the flight game Operation mode: the operating mode of the watch $ game and the G5 can represent the shooting press; 'The controller 50 can detect whether the cutting surface 2 is being knocked down by the A; if the switching key 20 is pressed 'The production under the microcontroller is switched to the operation mode of the game called the fighting game.] The same time, the micro-control e fine surface 2G is extinguished for the second time, and the n-th package is also illuminated; The switching button 20 is also illuminated by the pointing device 3〇 under the G3; if the switch is to G4 (immediately four, the microcontroller 5 is about to switch its operating mode to true; in the city mode) At the same time, the instruction below the G4 is loaded with £3〇, and the operation 50 is replaced by the key 20, then the microcontroller 50 Two: win: the knife is changed to G5 (that is, the shooting mode of the shooting game), and the lower part of G5 is also illuminated; if the switching key 2G is pressed for the sixth time, the micro-new start mode is switched to G1 (ie _ The mode of operation of the play), by the above-mentioned financial method, when the user enters the 2G city and sets the controller 1284553 = the special (four) game operation mode, when the user presses the display button a plurality of control keys 40, Can be divided into vocational students - on the mirror ^ good knowledge of the axis device silk man k shortcomings. 'The knife changer can be changed and the implementation of the case is passed.' It has a - switch button and at least a buckle device in the housing. Although the switch button is pressed, the game play mode is switched to Set the tour mode; such as: =;:: Game device or device read point. That is to improve the knowledge
本發明所揭示者’乃較佳實施例，舉凡局部之變更或修 源於本發明之技術思想而為熟倾項技藝之 =者 不脫本發明之專利職疇。 職御f倶 j所陳’本發明無論就目的、手段與功效，在在顯示其迴異於 S知之技術特徵，且其首先發明合於實用，亦在在符合發明之 ^要1七明貝審查委員明察’並祈早日賜予專利，俾嘉惠社 會，實感德便。 【圖式簡單說明】The present invention has been described as a preferred embodiment, and a part of the invention may be modified or modified from the technical idea of the present invention. In the invention, regardless of the purpose, means and efficacy, the invention is shown to be different from the technical characteristics of S, and its first invention is practical, and it is also in accordance with the invention. The reviewing committee clearly inspected and prayed for an early patent, and the company benefited from the society. [Simple description of the map]
、圖1疋一示思圖，其繪示根據本發明之一較佳實施例之具遊 戲預設操作功能切換鍵之輸入裝置之立體示意圖。 、圖2疋一示思圖，其繪示根據本發明之一較佳實施例之具遊 戲預設操作功能切換鍵之輸入裝置之電路方塊示意圖。 、 圖3是一示意圖，其繪示本發明之輸入裝置之遊戲操作模式 之切換方法之流程示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 殼體10 開孔12 文/數字21 控制鍵40 空間11 切換鍵20 指示裝置30 微控制器50 12FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an input device with a game preset operation function switching key according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the input device of the game preset operation function switching key according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of a method for switching a game operation mode of the input device of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] Housing 10 Opening 12 Text/Digital 21 Control key 40 Space 11 Switching key 20 Indication device 30 Microcontroller 50 12