1277265 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係與車用電池之充電技術有關，特別是指一種 具有過電壓保護功能之車用發電控制電路。 5【先前技術】 按，在汽車上係有一電池用以提供各個裝置的電能， 而亦配合設有一車用發電機可在汽車行駛的過程中不斷發 電來對該電池進行充電。而當車用發電機失效時，若其失效 的狀態為全導通，則車上的電源就會超出設定值，如果車 1〇子又高速行駛，則超出的電壓會更高，時間一久，車上的 電子設施即容易燒毁或損壞。 而現今汽車上的電子裝置，占汽車總成本的比重曰漸 提高，前述的發電機以全導通狀態失效時，其影響度即會 變得很大。此外，對發電機的修理市場而言，若是由於發電 is機失效導致電子裝置的損壞，則後續的理賠事項，更是廠 商最頭痛的問題。 第六圖係顯示一種發電機之電路架構6〇，其主要係具 有一激磁線圈61經由碳刷62連接電池電源VB以及連接 一電壓調整器63的半導體開關(PTR)64,此種架構下會產 2〇生發電機的激磁線圈61全導通情形的原因，乃是由於碳刷 62誤觸到接地端。 第七圖顯示另一種發電機之電路架構7〇,其主要係具 有一激磁線圈71經由碳刷72接地以及連接一電壓調整器 73之半導體開關(PTR)745此種架構下會產生發電機的激 4 1277265 磁線圈71全導通情形的原因，乃是由於碳刷72誤觸到電池 • 電源VB。 又，前述二種架構在該半導體開關(pTR)損壞時，亦可 / 紐生碳刷直接接地或制電池m而呈全導通的狀態。 5 目此，解決此種發電機以全導通狀態失效的狀態，即 為一不可不解決的課題。 冑鑑於上述缺點，本·明人驗過不斷之試作與實 • 驗後，才終有本發明之產生。 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的在於提供一種具有過電壓保護功能 ^車用發電控制電路，其可防止電池電壓過高時，仍被繼 績充電而導致過度充電的問題。 15 20 本發明之次-目的在於提供—種具有過㈣保護功能 ^車用發電鮮其可避紐以全導通狀態失效 ¥，對電^過度充電所可能導致的其他電子裝置的損壞。 緣疋，依縣购所提供之—種具有過電㈣護功能 用發電控制電路，係目£合連接於汽車發電機的激磁線 ^上，該車用發電控制電路包含有：一電跑貞測迴路，連 Ϊ於^車上的電池電源，用以相對於該電池電源形成-預 ^之刀壓，一驅動轉，具有一閉端連接於該電壓偵測迴 -徠有二導通端，其中一導通端接地；以及一切斷 ^一:酋與t述之激磁線圈相串接，且連接於該驅動元件之 ^通鳊，用以在該驅動元件被啟動時斷路。藉此，讦達 5 1277265 到避免車用電池被過度充電的效果，進而防止車上電子裝 置被過高電壓燒毀的問題。 【實施方式】 為了詳細說明本發明之構造及特點所在，茲舉以下之 二較佳實施例並配合圖式說明如后，其中： 第一圖係本發明第一較佳實施例之電路方塊圖。 第二圖係本發明第一較佳實施例之電路結構圖。 第三圖係本發明第-較佳實關之另—電路結構圖， 顯示切斷元件另一設置位置。 第四圖係本發明第二較佳實施例之電路結構圖。 第五圖係本發明第二較佳實施例之另—電路結構圖 顯示切斷元件另一設置位置。 ’ 15 如第-圖至第二圖所示，本發明第一較佳實施 供之-種具有過電魏護舰之車用魏㈣電路1〇 配合連接於汽車發電機的激磁線圈49上，財用發電控 電路10主要由-電壓债測迴路U、一驅動元件21以^一 切斷元件31所組成，其中· 該電壓偵測迴路U，主要由二電阻R1，R 其中-連接於汽車上的電池電源VB，用對^ ，池=VB形成—財之分壓，並且於其分壓點(夂 一電阻相接點)連接-稽納二極體Dz，該電壓偵测迴 於本實補中絲-耻電路，㈣可在實際製 整合於前述之電壓調整器41中，而此種電壓_迴路5 6 20 1277265 與電壓調整器4i之整合係為所屬技術領域者所能輕易完成， ^ 無須贅述。 該驅動元件21，本實施例中係為一功率半導體元件 " SCR，具有一閘端G連接於該電壓彳貞测迴路η之稽納二極 / 5體DZ，以及具有二導通端211，212,分別連接於該切斷元 件31以及接地。 該切斷元件31，本實施例中係為一保險絲，係透過一 • 碳刷491與前述之激磁線圈49相串接，用以在該驅動元件 21被啟動而通路時，因為過量電能的導入而斷路。 ίο 该激磁線圈49主要係透過另一碳刷491連接於一電壓 調整器41，該電壓調整器41主要具有一半導體開關42，該 半導體開關42於本實施例中係為一 PTR元件(或亦可為一 MOSFET元件)，該電壓調整器41係連接於前述之激磁線 圈49，可在受驅動時導通而使電流通過該激磁線圈奶進行 15發電。 • 如第二圖所示，在正常狀態下，該激磁線圈49係受到 該電壓調整器41之控制而發電。而當電池電源VB的電壓 較高時(例如該半導體開關42損壞而呈碳刷491接地之全導 通狀態後，電池會被過度充電而產生較高電壓的狀態)，該 2〇二電阻Rl，R2間的分壓即隨之增高，而使該稽納二極體DZ • 崩潰，進而觸發該驅動元件21導通，此時該切斷元件31之 兩端即為電池電源VB以及接地，此種狀況下，電池電源 VB的電流即直接流經該切斷元件31而將其燒斷，藉此而 可防止該激磁線圈49所產生的電能再充入電池中。 7 I277265 ^如第二圖所示，在本第一實施例中，該切斷元件31，之 =置位置亦可位於接地端與該激磁線圈49，之間，而具有與 圖所示架構相同的效果(此種狀態在該半導體開關42 $彳貝壞時，即呈碳刷491連接於電池電源¥8之全導通狀態)。 又，該切斷凡件31亦可為一可回復保險絲，同樣具有 在過電流通過時斷路的效果。 请再參閱第四圖，本發明第二較佳實施例所提供之一 種具有過電壓保護功能之車用發電控制電路5〇，主要概同 於前揭實施例，不同之處在於： 1〇 该切斷元件56,係為一繼電器，該驅動元件54係為 SCR，而可對該切斷元件56進行鎖定(latch)動作，使該切 斷元件56處於斷路狀態，達到斷絕激磁線圈％所產生的電 能對電池(圖中未示)充電的效果。 如第五圖所示，在本第二實施例中，該切斷元件56，之 I5設置位置亦可位於接地端與該激磁線圈59，之間，而具有與 第四圖所示架構相同的效果。 由上述二實施例所揭可知，本發明所具有之優點在於 一、 防止電池被過度充電··藉由本發明之技術，可防止 電池在電壓過高時，仍被繼續充電的狀況，此可避免電池 20被過度充電的問題。 二、 避免電子裝置的損壞··本發明可避免發電機以全導 通狀態失效時，對電池過度充電所可能導致的其他電子裝 置的損壞。 t 8 1277265 【圖式簡單說明】 發明第一較佳實施例之電路方塊圖。 ==圖係本發明第一較佳實施例之電路結構圖。 圖ί本發明第—較佳實施例之另—電二 顯不切斷7〇件另一設置位置。 ^四圖係本發明第二較佳實施例之電路結構圖。1277265 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a charging technology for a vehicle battery, and more particularly to a vehicle power generation control circuit having an overvoltage protection function. 5 [Prior Art] Press, there is a battery on the car to provide power for each device, and a vehicle generator is also used to continuously charge the battery while the car is running. When the vehicle generator fails, if the state of failure is all-on, the power supply on the vehicle will exceed the set value. If the car 1 is driving at a high speed, the excess voltage will be higher, and the time is longer. The electrical facilities on the top are easily burned or damaged. However, the proportion of electronic devices in automobiles today, which accounts for the total cost of automobiles, is increasing. When the aforementioned generators fail in the all-on state, the degree of influence becomes large. In addition, for the generator repair market, if the electronic device is damaged due to the failure of the power generator, the subsequent claims are the most headache for the manufacturer. The sixth figure shows a circuit structure 6〇 of a generator, which mainly has an excitation coil 61 connected to a battery power source VB via a carbon brush 62 and a semiconductor switch (PTR) 64 connected to a voltage regulator 63. The reason why the exciting coil 61 of the secondary generator is fully turned on is because the carbon brush 62 accidentally touches the ground. The seventh figure shows a circuit arrangement 7另一 of another generator, which mainly has a semiconductor switch (PTR) 745 with an excitation coil 71 grounded via a carbon brush 72 and a voltage regulator 73. The reason why the magnetic coil 71 is fully turned on is because the carbon brush 72 accidentally touches the battery • the power supply VB. Moreover, in the above two kinds of structures, when the semiconductor switch (pTR) is damaged, the /news carbon brush can be directly grounded or the battery m can be fully conductive. 5 Therefore, to solve the problem that the generator is in a fully-on state, it is an unsolvable problem. In view of the above shortcomings, the present invention has been produced by Ben Ming people after continuous trials and tests. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A main object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle power generation control circuit having an overvoltage protection function, which can prevent a problem that overcharge occurs when the battery voltage is too high and is still being charged. 15 20 The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a function of over- (four) protection. The vehicle is powered by a new power-saving state. According to the county, the power generation control circuit with over-current (four) protection function is provided, and the system is connected to the excitation line of the automobile generator. The vehicle power generation control circuit includes: an electric shovel The measuring circuit, the battery power supply connected to the vehicle, is used to form a pre-pressing knife pressure with respect to the battery power source, and a driving turn has a closed end connected to the voltage detecting back-徕 having two conducting ends, One of the conductive ends is grounded; and a cut-off is: the emirate is connected in series with the excitation coil of the t-description, and is connected to the drive element to open the circuit when the drive element is activated. In this way, Tat 5 1277265 is used to avoid the problem that the vehicle battery is overcharged, thereby preventing the electronic device on the vehicle from being burned by excessive voltage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In order to explain the structure and features of the present invention in detail, the following preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings are as follows, wherein: FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. . The second drawing is a circuit configuration diagram of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The third figure is another circuit configuration diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing another set position of the cutting element. The fourth figure is a circuit configuration diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The fifth drawing is a circuit configuration diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the first to second figures, the first preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle with a Wei (four) circuit 1 of an over-powered Wei-protector coupled to an excitation coil 49 of an automobile generator. The power generation control circuit 10 is mainly composed of a voltage compensation circuit U, a driving element 21, and a cutting element 31, wherein the voltage detecting circuit U is mainly connected to the automobile by two resistors R1, R The battery power supply VB is formed by the pairing of ^, the pool = VB, and the partial pressure of the voltage, and connected to the voltage dividing point (the first resistance contact) - the Zener diode Dz, the voltage is detected back to the real The complementary wire-shame circuit, (4) can be integrated in the voltage regulator 41 as described above, and the integration of the voltage_circuit 5 6 20 1277265 with the voltage regulator 4i can be easily accomplished by those skilled in the art. ^ No need to repeat. The driving component 21, in this embodiment, is a power semiconductor component " SCR having a gate terminal G connected to the voltage sensing circuit η, a divergent diode/5 body DZ, and a second conducting terminal 211. 212 is connected to the cutting element 31 and the ground, respectively. The cutting element 31, which is a fuse in the embodiment, is connected in series with the excitation coil 49 via a carbon brush 491 for introducing excessive electric energy when the driving element 21 is activated to pass through. And the road is broken. The excitation coil 49 is mainly connected to a voltage regulator 41 through another carbon brush 491. The voltage regulator 41 mainly has a semiconductor switch 42. In this embodiment, the semiconductor switch 42 is a PTR component (or The voltage regulator 41 may be connected to the excitation coil 49 described above, and may be turned on when driven to cause a current to be generated by the excitation coil milk. • As shown in the second figure, in the normal state, the exciting coil 49 is controlled by the voltage regulator 41 to generate electricity. When the voltage of the battery power source VB is high (for example, the semiconductor switch 42 is damaged and the carbon brush 491 is grounded to the all-on state, the battery is overcharged to generate a higher voltage state), and the second resistor R1, The partial pressure between R2 is increased, and the arrester diode DZ is collapsed, thereby triggering the driving element 21 to be turned on. At this time, the two ends of the cutting element 31 are the battery power source VB and the ground. In this case, the current of the battery power source VB flows directly through the cutting element 31 and is blown, whereby the electric energy generated by the exciting coil 49 can be prevented from being recharged into the battery. 7 I277265 ^ As shown in the second figure, in the first embodiment, the cutting element 31 can be placed between the grounding end and the exciting coil 49, and has the same structure as shown in the figure. The effect (this state is when the semiconductor switch 42 $ is broken, that is, the carbon brush 491 is connected to the all-on state of the battery power source ¥8). Further, the cut-off piece 31 can also be a returnable fuse, and has the effect of breaking when an overcurrent passes. Referring to the fourth figure, a vehicle power generation control circuit 5 with an overvoltage protection function according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention is mainly similar to the foregoing embodiment, except that: The cutting element 56 is a relay, and the driving element 54 is an SCR, and the cutting element 56 can be latched, so that the cutting element 56 is in an open state, and the generation of the excitation coil is broken. The effect of charging electrical energy on the battery (not shown). As shown in the fifth figure, in the second embodiment, the I5 setting position of the cutting element 56 can also be located between the grounding end and the exciting coil 59, and has the same structure as that shown in the fourth figure. effect. As is apparent from the above two embodiments, the present invention has the advantages of preventing the battery from being overcharged. By the technique of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the battery from being continuously charged when the voltage is too high, which can be avoided. The problem that the battery 20 is overcharged. Second, to avoid damage to the electronic device · The present invention can avoid damage to other electronic devices that may be caused by overcharging the battery when the generator fails in the all-on state. t 8 1277265 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A circuit block diagram of a first preferred embodiment of the invention. == Figure is a circuit diagram of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The other embodiment of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention does not cut off another set position of the 7-piece. Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
一第五圖係本發明第二較佳實施例之另一電路結構圖， 顯示切斷元件另一設置位置。 第六圖係習知車用發電機之電路結構圖。 第七圖係習知車用發電機之另一電路結構圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10具有過電壓保護功能之車用發電控制電路 11電壓偵測迴路21驅動元件 G閘端 15 211，212導通端 31，31’切斷元件 41電壓調整器42半導體開關 49, 49,激磁線圈 491碳刷 DZ稽納二極體 R1，R2電阻 VB電池電源 50具有過電壓保護功能之車用發電控制電路 54驅動元件 56, 56切斷元件 59, 59,激磁線圈 9 20A fifth diagram is another circuit configuration diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing another set position of the cutting element. The sixth figure is a circuit structure diagram of a conventional vehicle generator. The seventh figure is another circuit structure diagram of a conventional vehicle generator. [Main component symbol description] 10 vehicle power generation control circuit 11 with overvoltage protection function Voltage detection circuit 21 drive element G gate terminal 15 211, 212 conduction terminal 31, 31' cutoff component 41 voltage regulator 42 semiconductor switch 49 , 49, excitation coil 491 carbon brush DZ genus diode R1, R2 resistor VB battery power supply 50 with overvoltage protection function of the vehicle power generation control circuit 54 drive element 56, 56 cut-off element 59, 59, excitation coil 9 20