1272365 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種冷凍裝置，特別係關於改良室外办氣 溫度低時壓縮機之啟動動作的技術。 【先前技術】 向來在便利店等商店内，使用的是如下之冷滚裝置，即 在冷藏陳列櫃内邊陳列商品邊進行冷藏的冷藏機組、在^ 凍陳列櫃内邊陳列商品邊進行冷凍的冷凍機組連接在一個 冷媒迴路中，即構成該冷凍裝置。 圖15是用以說明向來所使用之冷凍裝置（5)中動作之概 略的冷媒迴路圖。1272365 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus, and more particularly to a technique for improving the starting action of a compressor when the outdoor air temperature is low. [Prior Art] In a store such as a convenience store, a cold rolling device is used, that is, a refrigerating unit that refrigerates while displaying merchandise in a refrigerating display case, and freezes the product while displaying the product in the frozen display case. The refrigeration unit is connected to a refrigerant circuit to constitute the refrigeration unit. Fig. 15 is a refrigerant circuit diagram for explaining the outline of the operation of the freezing apparatus (5) used in the past.
冷涑裝置（5)中，設置在室外之室外機组（54)内的a縮機 (541)所壓縮的冷媒，在冷凝器（542)中邊防熱邊冷凝。該已 冷凝之液體冷媒，分支為流入冷藏機組（51)之部份和流=冷 康機組⑽之部m冷藏機組（51)之冷媒，在膨膜闕 (512)中被減M ’在冷藏蒸發器（513)中自庫内空氣吸熱而蒸 备。流入冷;東機組（52)之冷媒，在膨㈣（522)中被減塵， 在冷珠蒸發器（523)中自庫内空氣吸熱而蒸發。 在冷珠蒸發11 (523)之冷媒的飽和㈣，由輔助機組（53) 、辅助C、％機（531)保持得較冷藏蒸發器（川）的餘和廢 力為低。再者，冷;東蒸發器⑽）之蒸發溫度（说左右）， 係:持得較冷藏蒸發器（513)之蒸發溫度的左右）為低。 如此之冷卻’則在冷藏機組⑴）或者冷凌機組 )中庫内空氣溫度分別達到事先所設定之目標溫度後，電 104951.doc 1272365 磁閥（511)、電磁閥（521)便關閉。是以，切斷了向冷藏蒸發 器（5⑺、冷;東蒸發器（523)之冷媒供給（分別被稱呼為冷藏 運轉停止狀態和冷凍運轉停止狀態）。 另一方面，在控制部（540)(執行含有微處理機、r〇m、 Ram等規定程式）中，用壓力傳感器（546)檢測壓縮機（⑷) 之吸入側冷媒壓力，當該值小於等於規定值（例如〇 i〇 Mh) 時，加以控制以使壓縮機（541)一時停止（室外運轉停止狀 丨態）。 相反，若處於室外運轉停止狀態時’冷藏機組（51)或者 冷凍機組（52)中庫内空氣溫度與其目標溫度之間產生規定 大小之溫度差，則電磁閥（511)和電磁閥（521)分別被打開， 要求將冷媒供給冷藏蒸發器即）、冷凉蒸發器（523)(分別 係為冷藏運轉開始狀態、冷凍運轉開始狀態）。另一方面， 在控制部（540) ’由壓力傳感器（546)檢測出吸入冷媒壓力上 升至規定值（例如〇.25 MPa)以上，加以控制，使壓縮機GW) 啟動（室外運轉開始狀態）。 T此，在冷«置（5)中，便能夠由壓力傳感器（546)檢測 出是否需要使冷媒在蒸發器（513, 523)中之任一個中循環， 以使壓縮機（541)繼續運轉。是以，不向控制部（54〇)傳送顯 示冷藏機組（51)或者冷凍機組（52)中是否需要冷卻的信 唬，即旎夠以簡單的結構，簡便的控制壓縮機（Μ〗）的運轉 及停止運轉之切換。 例如’專利文獻1中所公開之冷;東裝置，作為類似於它的 冷凍裝置，為避免濕（液氣流體混合兩相）運轉，當吸入冷媒 10495I.doc 1272365 遷力在規定值以下時，進行錢縮機停止的控制。 【專利文獻1】日本特開2002·228297號公報 -解決課題_In the cold heading device (5), the refrigerant compressed by the a reduction unit (541) provided in the outdoor outdoor unit (54) is condensed while preventing heat in the condenser (542). The condensed liquid refrigerant is branched into a refrigerant flowing into the refrigeration unit (51) and the refrigerant of the m refrigeration unit (51) of the flow refrigeration unit (10), and is reduced in the squirt (512) by M' in the refrigeration The evaporator (513) absorbs heat from the interior of the reservoir and is evaporated. The refrigerant flows into the cold; the refrigerant of the east unit (52) is dedusted in the expansion (four) (522), and is evaporated from the air in the refrigerator in the cold bead evaporator (523) to evaporate. The saturation (4) of the refrigerant in the cold bead evaporation 11 (523) is kept lower by the auxiliary unit (53), the auxiliary C, and the % machine (531) than the refrigerating evaporator (Chuan). Further, the evaporation temperature (about left and right) of the cold evaporator (10) is lower than the evaporation temperature of the refrigerating evaporator (513). If such cooling occurs, the air temperature in the storage unit (1) or the cold block unit will reach the target temperature set in advance, and the magnetic valve (511) and the solenoid valve (521) will be closed. Therefore, the supply of the refrigerant to the refrigerating evaporator (5 (7), the cold, and the east evaporator (523) is cut off (referred to as the refrigerating operation stop state and the refrigerating operation stop state, respectively). On the other hand, the control unit (540) (Execution of a program including a microprocessor, r〇m, Ram, etc.), the pressure of the suction side refrigerant of the compressor ((4)) is detected by a pressure sensor (546), and when the value is less than or equal to a predetermined value (for example, 〇i〇Mh) At the same time, control is performed to stop the compressor (541) for a while (outdoor operation is stopped). Conversely, if the outdoor operation is stopped, the temperature of the air in the refrigerator (51) or the refrigeration unit (52) and its target When a temperature difference of a predetermined size occurs between the temperatures, the solenoid valve (511) and the solenoid valve (521) are respectively opened, and the refrigerant is required to be supplied to the refrigerating evaporator, that is, the cold evaporator (523) (respectively, the refrigerating operation is started). State, freezing operation start state). On the other hand, in the control unit (540)', the pressure sensor (546) detects that the suction refrigerant pressure has risen to a predetermined value (for example, 2525 MPa) or more, and controls the compressor GW) to start (outdoor operation start state). . In this case, in the cold (5), it can be detected by the pressure sensor (546) whether it is necessary to circulate the refrigerant in any of the evaporators (513, 523) to continue the operation of the compressor (541). . Therefore, the letter indicating whether cooling is required in the refrigeration unit (51) or the refrigeration unit (52) is not transmitted to the control unit (54〇), that is, the compressor (简便) is simply controlled with a simple structure. Switching between operation and stop operation. For example, 'the cold disclosed in Patent Document 1; the east device, as a freezing device similar thereto, in order to avoid the operation of the wet (liquid-gas fluid mixed two-phase) operation, when the inhalation of the refrigerant 10495I.doc 1272365 is below the prescribed value, Control the stop of the money reduction machine. [Patent Document 1] JP-A-2002-228297 - Solution Problem _
述置（5)中，如上所述，在從室外運轉停止狀態 、到至外運轉開始狀態時，若吸入冷媒壓力低於規定 值，則控制著使I缩機不啟動。但是，當例如室外空氣溫 度在以下，極低時，冷媒的飽和壓力下降，迴路中之 、媒£力亦下降。結果是’即使冷;東機組⑻）等要求冷卻， 打開電磁閥（511、521)，有時，吸人側冷㈣力保持下降不 變，壓縮機（541)不啟動。 有鑑於上述諸問題，本發明之目的在於：提供一種於室 外大氣溫度很低時，也能夠順利的啟動壓縮機之冷;東裝置。 【發明内容】 本發明所採用之技術方案如下。 第一技術方案，係以一種包括：具有高溫側壓縮機（141) 的熱源迴路、以及連接至前述熱源迴路且具有蒸發器（123) 和低溫側壓縮機（131)的利用迴路，進行蒸氣壓縮式冷凍循 環之冷凍裝置（1)為前提。該發明包括： 運轉控制手段，其係基於吸入冷媒壓力，切換前述高溫 側壓縮機（141)之運轉與運轉停止，以及啟動控制手段，其 係於前述高溫側壓縮機（丨4丨）運轉停止之情況下，含有與在 h述蒸备器（12 3 )之冷卻要求相關之條件的規定條件得以滿 足時’使低溫壓縮機（131)啟動，以便使前述高溫側壓縮機 (141)之吸入冷媒壓力上升。 104951.doc 1272365 於前述技術方案中，基於 次八4嫖麼力切換高溫側壓縮 機（141)之運轉和運轉停止。 此 此處’於則述高溫側壓縮機 ⑽）自運轉停止時重新開始運轉之際，若含有在前述蒸發 裔（123)中冷卻要求相關之條件的規定條件得以滿足，則啟 動低溫側壓縮機（13 1) 彳έ , 俅i 使則述南溫侧壓縮機（141)之吸入 冷媒壓力上升。In the above description (5), as described above, when the intake refrigerant pressure is lower than a predetermined value from the outdoor operation stop state to the outer operation start state, the I reducer is controlled not to be started. However, when, for example, the outdoor air temperature is below, extremely low, the saturation pressure of the refrigerant is lowered, and the pressure in the circuit is also lowered. As a result, even if it is cold, the east unit (8) or the like is required to be cooled, and the solenoid valves (511, 521) are opened, sometimes the suction side cold (four) force is kept falling, and the compressor (541) is not started. In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cold apparatus which can smoothly start a compressor when the atmospheric temperature outside the room is low. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows. The first technical solution is to perform vapor compression by including a heat source circuit having a high temperature side compressor (141), and a utilization circuit connected to the foregoing heat source circuit and having an evaporator (123) and a low temperature side compressor (131). The refrigerating device (1) of the refrigerating cycle is premised. The present invention includes: an operation control means that switches the operation and the operation stop of the high temperature side compressor (141) based on the suction refrigerant pressure, and starts the control means for stopping the operation of the high temperature side compressor (丨4丨) In the case where the predetermined condition of the condition relating to the cooling request of the steamer (12 3 ) is satisfied, the low temperature compressor (131) is activated to draw in the high temperature side compressor (141). The refrigerant pressure rises. 104951.doc 1272365 In the foregoing technical solution, the operation and the operation stop of the high temperature side compressor (141) are switched based on the next eight. Here, when the high-temperature side compressor (10) is restarted from the stop of the operation, if the predetermined condition including the condition related to the cooling request in the evaporating person (123) is satisfied, the low-temperature side compressor is started. (13 1) 彳έ , 俅i Increase the suction refrigerant pressure of the south-temperature side compressor (141).
第二技術方案以-種進行蒸㈣縮式冷㈣環之冷束裂 置⑽前提e本發明包括：運轉控制手段，其係基於吸入 冷媒壓力’切換壓縮機（241)之運轉與運轉停止；以及基準 值變更手段’其係於前述壓縮機（24丨 ,^ 室外空氣溫度較所以溫度低之際，使用以判斷^ =始 前述壓縮機（241)之運轉的吸入冷媒壓力白勺基準值下降。 於箣述技術方案中’基於吸入冷媒壓力切換壓縮機(24丄) 之運轉和運轉停止。此處，於前述高溫側壓縮機（24i)自運 轉停止時重新開始運轉之際，室外空氣溫度較規^氣溫為 低，則用以判斷是否開始該壓縮機（241)之運轉的吸入冷媒 壓力的基準值下降。 第三技術方案係如此，於前述第二技術方案中，前述基 準值變更手段，其構成為：根據室外空氣溫度相對規定溫 度之下降量大小，以複數階段使前述基準值減小。 在前述技術方案中，前述基準值係根據室外空氣溫度下 降量之大小以複數階段減小。 第四技術方案以一種進行蒸氣壓縮式冷凍循環之冷凍裝 置為前提。本發明包括：運轉控制手段，其係基於吸入冷 104951.doc !272365 媒愚力，切換壓縮機（341)之運轉與運轉停止，以及通電控 制手段，其於前述壓縮機（341)運轉停止之情況下，室外空 氣溫度較所規定溫度低且與在蒸發器（313)之冷卻要求相關 條件得以滿足時，則使I缩機（341)之馬達進行斷相通電， 以便使前述吸入冷媒壓力上升。 ^ 基於吸入冷媒壓力切換壓縮機（341)之運轉和運轉停 ， 止。此處，於前述壓縮機（341)自運轉停止時重新開始運轉 # 之際，右至外空氣溫度較規定溫度為低且含有在蒸發器 (313)中冷卻要求相關之條件的規定條件得以滿足，則驅動 壓縮棧（341)之馬達斷相通電以使前述吸入冷媒壓力上升。 -效果_ 因此，依照第一技術方案，若於高溫側壓縮機（丨4丨）之運 轉重新開始之際，含有在蒸發器（123)中冷卻要求相關之條 件的規定條件得以滿足，則在該高溫側壓縮機（141)之前啟 動低溫側壓縮機（131)以使高溫侧壓縮機（141)之吸入冷媒 • 壓力上升。是以，即使在室外空氣溫度極其低的情況下， ^ 高溫側壓縮機（141)之吸入冷媒壓力亦確實上升，故能夠順 利的啟動高溫側壓縮機（141)。 根據第二技術方案，若於壓縮機（241)之運轉重新開始之 際，室外空氣溫度較規定氣溫為低，則使成為是否開始壓 縮機（241)之運轉的基準的吸入冷媒壓力之值下降。於是， 即使室外空氣溫度低時，迴路中冷媒壓力下降，也能顺利 的啟動壓縮機（241)。 依照第二技術方案，因為根據室外空氣溫度之大小使吸 104951.doc 1272365 入冷媒壓力適當的下降，故確實能夠檢測到伴隨著室外空 氣温度下降之吸入冷媒壓力之下降，並順利的進行對應於 此之壓縮機啟動。 依據第四技術方案’若壓縮機（341)之運轉重新開始之 際，含有在蒸發器（3 13)中冷卻要求相關之條件的規定條件 得以滿足，則使該壓縮機（341)之馬達斷相通電。是以，即 使室外空氣溫度極低，吸入冷媒也被加熱，其壓力上升， 所以能夠順利的啟動壓縮機（34 1)。 【實施方式】 以下，參考附圖，詳細說明本發明之實施形態即冷凍裝 置（1，2，3) 〇 圖1是顯示本發明第一實施形態即冷凍裝置（1)之概略結 構的圖。 如圖1所示，便利店等内所設置之冷東裝置（1)，包括： 冷藏機組（11)、冷凍機組（12)、輔助機組（13)以及室外機組 (14) 〇 冷藏機組（11)，具有：冷藏且陳列商品之冷藏陳列櫃；冷 凍機組(12)，具有：冷凍且陳列商品之冷凍陳列櫃;輔助機 組（13)，係為了冷凍將冷媒之壓力保持的較低；室外機組 (14)，係設置在屋外’自冷媒向室外大氣放熱。冷藏機組 (11)、冷凍機組（12)以及輔助機組（13)並列著連接在室外機 組（14)上’構成進行二級蒸氣壓縮式冷㈣環之—個冷媒迴 路。 冷藏機組（11)中，使冷媒減壓之感溫式膨服閥冷 104951.doc -10- 1272365 媒從庫内空氣吸熱而蒸發的冷藏蒸發器（113)，係用管道連 接。冷藏機組（11)，又包括：朝著冷藏陳列櫃内之陳列棚送 出在冷藏洛發器（113)中被吸熱、被冷卻之庫内空氣的風扇 (115) °冷藏機組（11)中，還設置有冷藏電磁閥〇11)，打開 ^ ’使朝向冷藏蒸發器（113)之冷媒通過，關閉時，切斷朝 著冷藏蒸發器（113)之冷媒流動，以及用以檢測庫内空氣溫 度的溫度傳感器（114)。 冷藏電磁閥（111)、感溫式膨脹閥（112)以及冷藏蒸發器 (113) ’依照自冷藏機組（n)之流入側管道（2〇1)朝向流出側 官道（202)之順序串聯著連接。 同樣’冷凍機組（12)中，使冷媒減壓之感溫式膨脹閱 (122)、冷媒從庫内空氣吸熱而蒸發的冷凍蒸發器（123)係用 官道連接。冷凍機組（12)，又包括··朝著冷凍陳列櫃内之陳 列棚送出在冷凍蒸發器（123)中被吸熱、被冷卻之庫内空氣 的風扇（125)。冷凍機組（12)中，還設置有冷凍電磁閥（121)， 打開時，使朝向冷凍蒸發器（123)之冷媒通過，關閉時，切 斷朝著冷凍蒸發器（123)之冷媒流動，以及用以檢測庫内空 氣溫度的溫度傳感器（124)。 冷滚電磁閥（121)、感溫式膨脹閥（122)以及冷凍蒸發器 (U3)，依照自冷凍機組（12)之流入側管道（2〇3)朝向流出側 官道（204)之順序串聯著連接。 輔助機組（13)包括輔助壓縮機（131)。該輔助壓縮機 (13 1) ’將通過冷凍蒸發器（123)之冷媒壓力保持的較通過冷 藏蒸發器（113)之冷媒壓力為低。 ^4951^0, 1272365 辅助機組（13)，包括在其中途具有逆止闕（133)的輔助壓 縮機（131)的㈣通路（132)。料通通路（132)構成為，在輔 助壓縮機(131)出故障或者停止時，冷媒能夠旁路輔助壓縮 機（131)朝著室外機組（14)一側流通。換言之，於驅動輔助 壓縮機（131)時，冷媒不通過旁通通路（132)。逆止閥（133) 僅谷許冷媒自辅助機組（13)之流入側管道（2〇5)流向流出側 管道（206)。 至外機組（14)，包括：可變容量壓縮機（141)、冷凝器（142) 以及受液器（143)。可變容量壓縮機（141)構成為：根據冷藏 機組（π)等之冷卻負荷調節容量。冷凝器（142)構成為：使 冷媒朝著室外大氣放熱而冷凝。受液器（丨43)，係用以將在 冷凝器（142)冷凝之液體冷媒暫時儲存起來。換言之，該冷 象裝置（1)中，可變容量壓縮機（141)構成高溫側壓縮機；輔 助壓、％機（13 1)構成低溫側壓縮機。 室外機組（14)中設置有用以將室外大氣取入冷凝器（142) 之風扇（144)。室外機組（14)中還包括用以檢測室外空氣溫 度的溫度傳感器（145)、用以檢測被吸入可變容量壓縮機 (141)之冷媒壓力的壓力傳感器（146)。 可變容量壓縮機（141)，冷凝器（142)以及受液器（143)，依 照自室外機組（14)之流入側管道（207)朝向流出侧管道（208) 之順序串聯著連接。 室外機組（14)之流入側管道（207)，係連接有辅助機組（13) 之流出側管道（206)與冷藏機組（11)之流出側管道（202)。室 外機組（14)之流出側管道（208)，係連接有冷藏機組（11)之流 104951.doc -12- 1272365 入側官道（2〇1)與冷凍機組（12)之流入侧管道（203)。冷凍機 組（12)之流出側管道（2〇4)係連接在輔助機組（13)之流入側 管道（205)上。 至外機組（14)中設有控制部（140)。該控制部（140)，係對 可k谷篁壓縮機（丨41)進行容量控制，以便蒸發器（113，123) 内之冷媒壓力保持為一定。之後，參考圖4〜圖8，詳細說明 本發明所關係之控制部（14〇)的控制情況。 忒冷凍裝置（1)如圖2、圖3—樣動作。圖2是顯示冷凍裝 置（1)之通常動作的圖，圖3是顯示與作為本發明之特徵的冷 凍裝置至外空氣溫度低時冷凍運轉開始相關之動作的圖。 如圖2所示’於可變容量壓縮機（141)所驅動的室外運轉 開始狀態，各個電磁閥（111，121)打開，冷藏機組（11)成為 冷藏運轉開始狀態，冷凍機組（丨2)成為冷凍運轉開始狀態。 具體而言，可變容量壓縮機（141)一驅動，所壓縮之冷媒便 在冷凝器（142)中放熱而冷凝。已冷凝之液體冷媒通過受液 為（143)，分為：流入冷藏機組（u)之部份與流入冷凍機組 (12)之部份。 於冷藏機組（11)’由膨脹閥（1丨2)減壓之冷媒在冷藏蒸發 裔（113)吸熱而蒸發，冷藏陳列櫃之庫内空氣被冷卻。於冷 凍機組（12) ’由膨脹閥（122)減壓之冷媒在冷凍蒸發器（123) 吸熱而蒸發，冷凍陳列櫃之庫内空氣被冷卻。從冷凍機組 (12)流出之冷媒在輔助壓縮機（131)中被壓縮。壓縮後之冷 媒，於自冷藏機組（11)流出之冷媒合流，被吸入至室外機組 (14)之可變容量壓縮機〇41)中，這些冷媒之循環重複進行。 104951.doc -13- 1272365The second technical solution carries out the steaming (four) shrinking cold (four) ring cold beam splitting (10). The invention includes: an operation control means based on the suction refrigerant pressure 'switching compressor (241) operation and running stop; And the reference value changing means is based on the compressor (24 丨, ^ when the outdoor air temperature is lower than the temperature, the reference value of the suction refrigerant pressure for determining the operation of the compressor (241) is lowered. In the technical solution described above, the operation and operation stop of the compressor (24丄) based on the suction refrigerant pressure are stopped. Here, when the high temperature side compressor (24i) restarts from the stop of operation, the outdoor air temperature When the temperature is low, the reference value of the suction refrigerant pressure for determining whether or not to start the operation of the compressor (241) is lowered. According to the second aspect, in the second aspect, the reference value changing means The configuration is such that the reference value is reduced in a plurality of stages in accordance with the amount of decrease in the outdoor air temperature relative to the predetermined temperature. In the foregoing technical solution, the aforementioned reference value According to the magnitude of the outdoor air temperature drop amount, it is reduced in a plurality of stages. The fourth technical solution is premised on a refrigeration device that performs a vapor compression refrigeration cycle. The present invention includes: operation control means based on suction cold 104951.doc !272365 The medium power, the operation and the operation stop of the switching compressor (341), and the energization control means, when the compressor (341) is stopped, the outdoor air temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature and is in the evaporator (313) When the cooling request condition is satisfied, the motor of the I reducer (341) is energized to disconnect the pressure of the suction refrigerant. ^ The operation and the operation stop of the compressor (341) are switched based on the suction refrigerant pressure. Here, when the compressor (341) restarts operation # when the operation is stopped, the right-to-outside air temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature and contains the conditions for the conditions related to the cooling request in the evaporator (313). If it is satisfied, the motor driving the compression stack (341) is phase-energized to increase the pressure of the aforementioned suction refrigerant. - Effect _ Therefore, according to the first technique In the case where the operation of the high-temperature side compressor ( restarting) restarts, the predetermined conditions including the conditions related to the cooling request in the evaporator (123) are satisfied, and before the high-temperature side compressor (141) The low temperature side compressor (131) is started to increase the suction refrigerant pressure of the high temperature side compressor (141), so that the refrigerant pressure of the high temperature side compressor (141) is increased even when the outdoor air temperature is extremely low. As a result, the high-temperature side compressor (141) can be smoothly started. According to the second aspect, if the outdoor air temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature when the operation of the compressor (241) is restarted, The value of the suction refrigerant pressure at the start of the operation of the compressor (241) is lowered. Therefore, even if the outdoor air temperature is low, the refrigerant pressure in the circuit is lowered, and the compressor (241) can be smoothly started. According to the second aspect, since the pressure of the refrigerant 104951.doc 1272365 is appropriately lowered according to the temperature of the outdoor air, it is possible to detect the decrease in the pressure of the suction refrigerant accompanying the temperature drop of the outdoor air, and smoothly perform the corresponding This compressor starts. According to the fourth aspect of the invention, when the operation of the compressor (341) is resumed, the predetermined condition including the condition related to the cooling request in the evaporator (3 13) is satisfied, and the motor of the compressor (341) is broken. The phase is energized. Therefore, even if the outdoor air temperature is extremely low, the suction refrigerant is heated and the pressure rises, so that the compressor can be smoothly started (34 1). [Embodiment] Hereinafter, a refrigerating apparatus (1, 2, 3) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a refrigerating apparatus (1) according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the cold east device (1) installed in a convenience store or the like includes: a refrigeration unit (11), a refrigeration unit (12), an auxiliary unit (13), and an outdoor unit (14) a refrigeration unit (11). ), having: a refrigerated display case for refrigerating and displaying merchandise; a refrigerating unit (12) having: a refrigerated display case for freezing and displaying merchandise; and an auxiliary unit (13) for keeping the pressure of the refrigerant low for freezing; (14) It is installed outside the house to release heat from the refrigerant to the outdoor atmosphere. The refrigeration unit (11), the refrigeration unit (12), and the auxiliary unit (13) are connected in parallel to the outdoor unit (14) to form a refrigerant circuit for the secondary vapor compression type (four) ring. In the refrigerating unit (11), the temperature-sensing expansion valve for decompressing the refrigerant is cooled. 104951.doc -10- 1272365 The refrigerating evaporator (113) which absorbs heat from the inside of the reservoir and evaporates is connected by a pipe. The refrigerating unit (11) further includes: in a display shed in the refrigerating display case, a fan (115) ° refrigerating unit (11) that sends the air in the refrigerated and cooled air in the refrigerating machine (113), A refrigerating solenoid valve 〇11) is further provided to open the refrigerant passing through the refrigerating evaporator (113), and when closed, cut off the flow of the refrigerant toward the refrigerating evaporator (113), and to detect the temperature of the air in the chamber. Temperature sensor (114). The refrigerating solenoid valve (111), the temperature-sensing expansion valve (112), and the refrigerating evaporator (113) are connected in series in accordance with the inflow side duct (2〇1) of the refrigerating unit (n) toward the outflow side official passage (202). Connected. Similarly, in the refrigeration unit (12), the refrigerating evaporator (123) which decompresses the refrigerant and decompresses the refrigerant (122), and the refrigerant evaporates from the air in the storage chamber to evaporate, is connected by the official passage. The refrigerating unit (12) further includes a fan (125) for delivering the air in the refrigerating evaporator (123) that is absorbed and cooled in the refrigerating display cabinet. The refrigeration unit (12) is further provided with a freezing solenoid valve (121). When opened, the refrigerant passing through the freezing evaporator (123) is passed, and when closed, the refrigerant flowing toward the freezing evaporator (123) is cut off, and A temperature sensor (124) for detecting the temperature of the air in the reservoir. The cold rolling solenoid valve (121), the temperature sensitive expansion valve (122), and the refrigerating evaporator (U3) are in the order of the inflow side pipe (2〇3) from the freezing unit (12) toward the outflow side official road (204). Connect in series. The auxiliary unit (13) includes an auxiliary compressor (131). The auxiliary compressor (13 1) ' maintains the refrigerant pressure through the refrigerating evaporator (123) at a lower pressure than the refrigerant passing through the refrigerated evaporator (113). ^4951^0, 1272365 The auxiliary unit (13) includes a (four) passage (132) of the auxiliary compressor (131) having a reverse stop (133) in the middle. The material passage (132) is configured such that when the auxiliary compressor (131) fails or stops, the refrigerant can bypass the auxiliary compressor (131) to flow toward the outdoor unit (14). In other words, the refrigerant does not pass through the bypass passage (132) when the auxiliary compressor (131) is driven. The check valve (133) flows only from the inflow side pipe (2〇5) of the auxiliary unit (13) to the outflow side pipe (206). The external unit (14) includes a variable capacity compressor (141), a condenser (142), and a liquid receiver (143). The variable capacity compressor (141) is configured to adjust the capacity according to the cooling load of the refrigeration unit (π) or the like. The condenser (142) is configured to condense the refrigerant while releasing heat toward the outdoor atmosphere. The liquid receiver (丨43) is used to temporarily store the liquid refrigerant condensed in the condenser (142). In other words, in the cooling device (1), the variable capacity compressor (141) constitutes a high temperature side compressor; the auxiliary pressure, % machine (13 1) constitutes a low temperature side compressor. A fan (144) for taking the outdoor atmosphere into the condenser (142) is provided in the outdoor unit (14). The outdoor unit (14) further includes a temperature sensor (145) for detecting the temperature of the outdoor air, and a pressure sensor (146) for detecting the pressure of the refrigerant sucked into the variable capacity compressor (141). The variable capacity compressor (141), the condenser (142), and the liquid receiver (143) are connected in series in order from the inflow side duct (207) of the outdoor unit (14) toward the outflow side duct (208). The inflow side pipe (207) of the outdoor unit (14) is connected to the outflow side pipe (206) of the auxiliary unit (13) and the outflow side pipe (202) of the refrigeration unit (11). The outflow side pipe (208) of the outdoor unit (14) is connected to the flow side of the refrigeration unit (11) 104951.doc -12- 1272365 into the side of the official road (2〇1) and the inflow side of the refrigeration unit (12) ( 203). The outflow side pipe (2〇4) of the freezer unit (12) is connected to the inflow side pipe (205) of the auxiliary unit (13). A control unit (140) is provided in the external unit (14). The control unit (140) controls the capacity of the k-valve compressor (丨41) so that the refrigerant pressure in the evaporator (113, 123) is kept constant. Next, the control of the control unit (14A) according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Figs. 4 to 8 . The crucible freezer (1) operates as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a view showing a normal operation of the freezing device (1), and Fig. 3 is a view showing an operation related to the start of the freezing operation when the freezing device as a feature of the present invention has a low outside air temperature. As shown in Fig. 2, in the outdoor operation start state driven by the variable capacity compressor (141), the respective solenoid valves (111, 121) are opened, and the refrigeration unit (11) is in a state in which the refrigeration operation is started, and the refrigeration unit (丨2) It becomes the start state of the freezing operation. Specifically, as the variable capacity compressor (141) is driven, the compressed refrigerant releases heat in the condenser (142) to condense. The condensed liquid refrigerant passes through the liquid receiver (143) and is divided into a portion that flows into the refrigeration unit (u) and flows into the refrigeration unit (12). The refrigerant decompressed by the expansion unit (11) in the refrigeration unit (11) is evaporated by the refrigerating vaporization (113), and the air in the refrigerating display cabinet is cooled. The refrigerant decompressed by the expansion unit (12) in the refrigeration unit (122) absorbs heat in the freezing evaporator (123) and evaporates, and the air in the refrigerating display cabinet is cooled. The refrigerant flowing out of the refrigeration unit (12) is compressed in the auxiliary compressor (131). The compressed refrigerant merges with the refrigerant flowing out of the refrigerating unit (11) and is sucked into the variable capacity compressor (41) of the outdoor unit (14), and the circulation of these refrigerants is repeated. 104951.doc -13- 1272365
若冷藏陳列櫃内之庫内空氣溫度達到事先設定之目標溫 度’則冷藏電磁閥(1U)關閉，切斷了冷媒朝著冷藏蒸發器 (113)之流動（冷藏運轉停止狀態）。$樣，若冷;東陳列植内 之庫内空氣的溫度達到事先設定之目標溫度，則冷束電磁 閥（121)關閉，同時輔助壓縮機（131)停止，切斷了冷媒朝著 冷凍蒸發器（123)之流動（冷凍運轉停止狀態）。若成為冷藏 運轉停止狀態且冷;東運轉停止狀態，則可變容量壓縮機 (141)之吸入冷媒壓力下降。一檢測到該吸入冷媒壓力下 降’可變谷篁壓縮機（141)便停止而成為室外運轉停止狀態。 於至外空氣溫度較-5 °C為高之通常情況下，冷藏運轉開 始/停止，係由冷藏機組（11)之控制部（11〇)自動的切換；冷 凍運轉開始/停止，係由冷凍機組（12)之控制部（12〇)自動的 切換。室外運轉開始/停止，係由室外機組（14)之控制部 (140) 基於這些冷藏運轉開始/停止與冷凍運轉開始^亭止自 動的切換。補充說明一下，參考圖4等後述控制部（11〇)及控 制部（120)。 於至外空氣溫度係-5 C以下顯著低之情況下，冷凍機組 (12)之庫内溫度與目標溫度間之差較規定值大，而產生冷凍 運轉開始要求，冷凍電磁閥（121)打開，可變容量壓縮機 (141) 之吸入冷媒壓力幾乎不會上升。但是，如圖3所示，本 發明所關係之冷凍裝置（1 )，作為特有的控制，為了使可變 容量壓縮機（141)的吸入冷媒壓力上升，而在可變容量壓縮 枝（14 1)啟動之如，則先強制的使輔助壓縮機（13 1)啟動。 換言之，可變容量壓縮機（141)之保護時間一結束，從室 104951.doc -14- 1272365 外機組（14)之控制部（140)傳送至冷凍機組（12)之控制部 (140)的R2信號便亮（動作υ。若於冷凍機組（12)之控制部 (120)中，基於由溫度傳感器（124)檢測之庫内溫度值，判斷 出產生冷凍運轉開始要求（動作π)，冷凍電磁閥（121)便打開 (動作III)。 補充說明一下，可變容量壓縮機（141)之保護時間，係為 ^ 了防止壓縮機因為短時間内重複啟動、停止而損壞，自壓 φ 縮機停止時經過了 1、2分鐘左右後再結束的時間。 通常情況下，因為該冷凍電磁閥（121)一打開，可變容量 壓縮機（141)噴出側之冷媒便能夠通過輔助壓縮機（ΐ3ΐ)之 旁通通路（132)，流入可變容量壓縮機〇41)之吸入一側，所 以吸入冷媒壓力上升。若由壓力傳感器（146)檢測出該吸入 冷媒壓力上升，則可變容量壓縮機〇41)被啟動。但是，若 室外空氣溫度極低，則可變容量壓縮機（141)之吸入冷媒壓 力一直較規定值為低。於是，冷凍機組（12)之控制部（1〇2) • 便強制的使辅助壓縮機（131)啟動（動作IV)，而使可變容量 ， 壓縮機（141)之吸入冷媒壓力上升。 若由壓力傳感器（146)檢測出該吸入冷媒壓力上升（動作 V) ’則可變谷ϊ壓縮機（141)基於此而被啟動（動作。 下面，參考圖4到圖8，詳細說明在這些冷凍裝置之控 制。 圖4是一方塊圖，示意的顯示於室外機組句之控制部 (140)所施行的室外運轉開始控制程式的主要部份構成、栌 制部（140)、冷藏機組⑴）之控制部⑴〇)、冷猿機組（η)之 I04951.doc -15- J272365 控制部(120)的輪出入關係。 二外：組(14)之控制部⑽)中，執行圖5所示之運轉開始 二1 藏機组⑴)之控制部⑴G)中，齡圖6所示之 :藏電磁閥開關控制程式。冷凍機組(12)之控制部(120) 執仃圖7及圖8所示之冷凍電磁閥開關控制程式與輔助 屋縮機啟動、停止㈣程式。於各個控制部⑽、i2〇、i4〇) 之處理平行進行。 如圖4所示，室外機組〇4)之控制部〇4〇)中，包括：電磁 閥開關許可部（1401)、1 縮機啟動條件判斷部（1402)以及虔 縮機啟動部（1403)。 電磁閥開關許可部（刚）構成為··可變容量塵縮機（i4i) 之保護時間一結束，便使用以許可各個電磁目⑴卜i2i) 打開、輔助壓縮機（131)啟動之R1信號和R2信號亮。壓縮機 啟動條件判斷部（1402)構成& :判斷由壓力傳感器（146)檢 測之吸入冷媒壓力LP、以及由温度傳感器（145)檢測之室外 二氧度Ta4疋否為規定範圍之值。壓縮機啟動部（i4〇3)， 構成為··當吸入冷媒壓力Lp、室外空氣溫度Ta等分別是規 疋fe圍内之值的情況下，使可變容量壓縮機（141)啟動。 冷藏機組（11)之控制部（11〇)，包括：冷卻要求判斷部 (11〇1)以及電磁閥開關部（11〇2)。 冷卻要求判斷部（1101)，判斷由溫度傳感器（145)檢測之 庫内溫度和事先設定之目標溫度之差是否在規定值以上 (是否要求開始冷藏運轉）。冷卻要求判斷部（11 01)進一步判 斷反1信號是否亮了。電磁閥關閉部（η〇2)構成為：若有開 104951.doc • 16 - 1272365 始冷藏運轉要求且R 1信號壳了’則將冷藏電磁閥（1 1 1 )打 開。 冷束機組（12)之控制部（120)，包括··冷卻要求判斷部 〇2〇1)、電磁閥開關部（12〇2)以及辅助壓縮機啟動/停止部 (1203) 〇 — 冷卻要求判斷部（1201)，判斷由溫度傳感器（124)檢測之 庫内溫度和事先設定之目標溫度之差是否在規定值以上 • (是否要求開始冷凍運轉）。冷卻要求判斷部（1201)進一步判 斷R2信號是否亮了。電磁閥關閉部（12〇2)構成為：若有開 始冷凍運轉要求且R2信號亮了，則將冷凍電磁閥（121)打 開。輔助壓縮機啟動/停止部（1203)，構成為··若有開始冷 凍運轉要求且R2信號亮了，則啟動輔助壓縮機（丨3丨）。 此處，主要是，壓縮機啟動條件判斷部（14〇2)以及壓縮 機啟動部（1403)構成對可變容量壓縮機（141)之運轉（開始 運轉）和一時停止(運轉停止）進行切換的運轉控制手段。^ • 卻要求判斷部（12〇1)、電磁閥開關部⑽2)以及辅助壓縮機 _ 啟動、停止部（1203)構成啟動控制手段，其係在可變容量壓 縮機（141)停止的情況下，若有冷〉東機組（12)之冷卻要求且 可變容量壓縮機（141)之保護時間結束等規定條件得以滿 足，則使輔助壓縮機（131)啟動。 因此，根據於各個控制部（110、120、140)所執行之程式， 因為室外空氣溫度很低’所以即使在可變容量壓縮機 之吸入冷媒壓力（局部）下降的狀況下’亦能夠藉由輔助壓縮 機（131)之啟動而強制的使可變容量壓縮機（叫之吸入冷 104951.doc •17- 1272365 媒>ε力上升。具體而言’係按照下述之處理順序執行。 如圖5所示，在由室外機組（14)之控制部（140)所進行之運 轉開始控制中’首先’判斷可變容量Μ縮機（ΐ4ι)之保護時 間是否結束（步驟m，以下用灯表示步驟）。若保護時間尚 未結束，（ST111中為，，否"），則本處理將如此結束。若保護 時間已結束（ST111中為，，是"），則容許冷藏電磁閥（1 i 1}打開 之R1信號和容許冷凍電磁閥（121)打開與辅助壓縮機（131) 啟動之R2信號便亮了（ST112)。 接著’判斷可變容量壓縮機〇 41)之吸入冷媒壓力lP是否 大於〇.25MPa(ST113)。若吸入冷媒壓力Lp大於 0.25MPa(ST113中為”是”），則可變容量壓縮機（141)被啟動 (ST114)。本處理結束。 若吸入冷媒壓力LP在0.25 MPa以下（ST111中為，，否”），則 判斷為由溫度傳感器（145)檢測之室外空氣溫度Ta低於-5 °C ’且可變容量壓縮機（141)的停止時間大於等於10分鐘 (ST115)。若該條件得以滿足（於ST115為”是”），則要在ST114 中可變容量壓縮機（14 1)強制的啟動。若室外空氣溫度Ta大 於等於-5°C，或者可變容量壓縮機（141)的停止時間小於1〇 分鐘（於ST115中為，，否”），則本處理結束。 即使在透過這些處理吸入冷媒壓力LP低且不能啟動可變 容量壓縮機（141)之時，若保護時間結束，則R1信號和R2 信號亮，允許電磁閥（111，112)相對各個控制部（110，120) 打開及啟動輔助壓縮機（131)。 如圖6所示，在由冷藏機組（11)的控制部（11〇)進行冷藏電 104951.doc -18 - 1272365 磁閥開關控制中，首先，判斷由溫度傳感器（114)檢測之庫 内溫度與事先設定之目標溫度之差大於等於規定值，是否 產生冷藏運轉開始要求（ST121)。若不產生冷藏運轉開始要 求（於ST121中為，，否”），則冷藏電磁閥（111)原樣關閉著 (ST122)，本處理結束。 若產生冷藏運轉開始要求（於步驟8丁121為，，是，，），則判斷 R1信號是否亮了（ST123)。若R1信號尚未亮（於ST123為，，否 ’則在ST122冷藏電磁閥（in)原樣關閉，本處理結束。若 R1信號尚未亮（於步驟123中為，，是"），則冷藏電磁閥（111}被 打開（ST124)，本處理結束。 如圖7所示，在由冷凍機組〇2)之控制部（120)所進行之冷 凍電磁閥開關控制中，進行和上述冷藏電磁閥開關控制一 樣之處理。換言之，根據溫度傳感器（124)中之庫内溫度之 檢測，若是未產生冷凍運轉開始要求（ST131中為，，否”），或 者是R2信號不亮的狀態（於ST133為，，否”），則冷凍電磁閥 (121)關閉著不變（ST132)，本處理結束。若產生冷凍運轉開 始要求且R2信號亮了（ST131中為”是”且ST133中為，，是，，）， 則冷凍電磁閥（121)打開（ST134)。本處理結束。 如圖8所示，在利用冷凍機組（12)之控制部20)進行輔助 壓縮機啟動/停止控制中，若是未產生冷凍運轉開始要求 (ST141為”否"），或者是R2信號不亮之狀態（ST143為”否，’）， 則輔助壓縮機（13 1)停止（ST142)，本處理結束。而且，若產 生冷凍運轉開始要求且R2信號亮（ST141為，，是，，且ST143中 為”是”），則輔助壓縮機（131)被啟動（ST144)，本處理結束。 104951.doc -19- 1272365 一般情況下，若冷凍電磁閥（121)透過冷凍電磁閥開關控 制打開，成為冷媒能夠在冷媒迴路中循環的狀態，可變容 量壓縮機（141)之吸入冷媒壓力便上升，基於在運轉開始控 制之ST113之判斷，啟動可變容量壓縮機（141)。但是，因 為室外空氣溫度低，吸入冷媒壓力幾乎不上升，故這樣便 . 不能啟動可變容量壓縮機（141)。 於是，該冷凍裝置（1)中，因為透過輔助壓縮機啟動/停止 φ 控制使辅助壓縮機（131)啟動，所以能夠使可變容量壓縮機 (141)之及入冷媒壓力上升。因此，基於在運轉開始控制之 ST113之判斷，便能夠可靠的啟動可變容量壓縮機〇41)。 換言之，透過這些控制，於室外空氣溫度很低之情況，亦 能順利的啟動可變容量壓縮機（141)。 接著，說明本發明的第二實施形態即冷凍裝置（2)和第三 實施形態即冷凍裝置（3)。該冷凍裝置（2，3)中， 省略了第一實施形態中之冷凍機組和輔助機組。說明這 • 些冷凍裝置（2,3)之際，以相同之符號表示與第一實施形態 . 之冷凍裝置（1)功能相同之構成要素，省略詳細說明。 . 圖9疋顯示冷凍裝置（2)的室外空氣溫度低時冷藏運轉開 始相關動作的圖。 於冷凍裝置（2)中，壓縮機（241)之保護時間一結束，從室 外機組（24)之控制部（240)傳送至冷藏機組（21)之控制部 (21 0)的R1 ^號便焭（動作I)。若於冷藏機組（2 1)之控制部 (2 10)中，基於由溫度傳感器（214)檢測之庫内溫度值，判斷 出產生冷藏運轉開始要求（動作H)，電磁閥（21丨）便打開（動 104951.doc -20- 1272365 作 III) 〇 此處，室外空氣溫度低時，由溫度傳感器（245)檢測該室 外空氣溫度，使為是否使壓縮機（24 i)啟動之判斷基準即吸 入冷媒壓力的閾值減小（動作iv)。若由壓力傳感器（246)檢 測之吸入冷媒壓力變更後之閾值不足（動作V)，則壓縮機 (241)被啟動（動作VI)。 參考圖10及圖11，詳細說明如此之控制。 圖1 〇是一方塊圖，示意的顯示於室外機組（24)之控制部 (240)所施行的運轉開始控制程式的主要部份構成。具體而 言’控制部（240)中，執行圖11所示之運轉開始控制程式， 冷藏機組（21)之控制部（21〇)中執行和圖6同樣的冷藏電磁 閥開關控制程式。 室外機組（24)之控制部（240)中，包括：電磁閥開關許可 部（2401)、壓縮機啟動條件變更部（2402)、壓縮機啟動條件 判斷部（2403)以及壓縮機啟動部（2404)。 壓縮機（241)之保護時間一結束，電磁閥開關許可部 (2401)便使用以許可電磁閥（211)打開之R1信號亮。壓縮機 啟動條件變更部（2402)，基於由溫度傳感器（245)檢測之室 外空氣溫度Ta，使用來啟動壓縮機（241)之吸入冷媒壓力閾 值減小。壓縮機啟動條件判斷部（2403)，判斷由壓力傳感器 (2 4 6)檢測之吸入冷媒壓力LP是否為規定範圍之值。當吸入 冷媒壓力LP是規定範圍内之值時，壓縮機啟動部（2404)啟 動壓縮機（241)。 冷藏機組（21)之控制部（210)和第一實施形態之冷;東裝置 104951.doc -21 - !272365 (σ )曰樣，包括·判斷是否有冷藏運轉開始要求，同時R1信 ^ 、否儿之冷卻要求判斷部（2101)，以及若有冷藏運轉開始 要求且Rlk就党，則將冷藏電磁閥⑴丄）打開之電磁闕開關 部（2102)。 此處主要疋’壓縮機啟動條件判斷部（2403)以及壓縮 ’ 機啟動部(2404)構成對壓縮機（241)之運轉與運轉停止進行 ' 刀換的運轉控制手段。壓縮機啟動條件變更部（2402)，構成 φ I準值蜒更手段’若室外空氣溫度比規定溫度低，便使壓 縮機（241)之運轉是否開始的判斷基準即吸人冷媒壓力之闊 值下降的。 因此，根據於各個控制部（21〇、24〇)所執行之程式，即 使在因至外空氣溫度很低，在壓縮機（241)之吸入冷媒壓力 下降的狀況下，亦能夠使吸入冷媒壓力之閾值減小，從而 可罪的啟動壓縮機（241)。具體而言，係按照下述之處理順 序執行。補充說明一下，於冷凍機組（21)之控制部（21〇)所 • 執行之冷藏電磁閥開關控制和圖6 一樣，說明省略不提。 如圖11所示，在由室外機組（24)之控制部（240)所進行之 、 運轉開始控制中，首先，判斷壓縮機（241)之保護時間是否 結束（ST201)。若保護時間尚未結束，（ST2〇1中為，，否，，），則 本處理將如此結束。若保護時間已結束（ST2〇丨中為，，是，，）， 則容許冷藏電磁閥（211)打開之R1信號亮（ST2〇2)。 接著，判斷壓縮機（241)之吸入冷媒壓力LP是否大於〇4 MPa(ST203)。若吸入冷媒壓力LP大於〇·4 MPa(ST203令為” 是”），則壓縮機（241)被啟動（ST204)。本處理結束。 l〇4951.d〇< -22- 1272365 若吸入冷媒壓力LP在0·4 MPa以下（ST204中為”否，，），則 判斷室外空氣溫度Ta是否低於〇。〇且吸入冷媒壓力Lp是否 大於0.25 MPa(ST205)。若該條件得以滿足（於ST205中為，， 是π)，則ST204中啟動壓縮機（241)，本處理結束。 若ST205之條件未滿足，換言之，室外空氣溫度丁&大於等 於0C ’或者吸入冷媒壓力LP小於等於〇·25 MPa(ST205為，, 否”），則判斷室外空氣溫度Ta是否低於且吸入冷媒壓力 LP疋否大於0.2 MPa(ST206)。若該條件得以滿足（於8丁2〇6 為”是”），則ST204中啟動壓縮機（241)，本處理結束。室外 空氣溫度Ta大於等於-5 °C或者吸入冷媒壓力LP小於等於 〇·2 MPa(ST206中為”否”），則不啟動壓縮機（241)，本處理 結束。 於這些處理順序中，若在ST202, R1信號亮且冷藏機組 (21)—側產生冷藏運轉開始要求，則冷藏電磁閥（211)打 開。但是，在室外空氣溫度很低的情況下，即使冷藏電磁 閥（211)打開，壓縮機（241)之吸入冷媒壓力也幾乎不會下 降，保持著不變。於是，根據室外空氣溫度從所規定之基 準溫度下降〇°C、-5°C，使使壓縮機（241)啟動之吸入冷媒壓 力的閾值從0.4]\^3階段的降低到0.25]^^^、〇.2]^1^。由此 促使壓縮機（241)之啟動。換言之，根據這些控制，當室外 空氣溫度报低時，也能夠使壓縮機（24丨）順利的啟動。 圖丨2是顯示第三實施形態即冷凍裝置（3)之室外空氣溫 度低時冷藏運轉開始相關動作的圖。 於冷凍裝置（3)中，壓縮機（341)之保護時間一結束，從室 104951.doc -23- 1272365 外機組（34)之控制部（34〇)傳送至冷藏機組（31)之控制部 (31〇)的^信號便亮（動作1)。若於冷藏機組（31)之控制部 (310)中，基於由溫度傳感器（314)檢測之庫内溫度值，判斷 出產生冷藏運轉開始要求（動作π)，冷藏電磁閥（311)便打開 (動作III)。 此處，因為室外空氣溫度很低時，冷媒之飽和壓力下降， 所以即使冷藏電磁閥（311)打開，壓縮機（341)之吸入冷媒壓 力也成乎不下降，保持著原樣不變。於本冷珠裝置（3)中， 檢測出室外空氣溫度很低（動作IV)，便對壓縮機（341)之 馬達開始斷相通電（動作V)。補充說明一下，斷相通電，是 為了在馬達不旋轉的情況下，使其線圈發熱而作為加熱器 使用，使三相交流中之一相斷開，使電流流通。 藉由該斷相通電，正在停止的壓縮機（341)内之冷媒溫度 上升’壓縮機（341)吸入口附近之冷媒飽和壓力上升。因此， 右由壓力傳感為（346)所檢測之吸入冷媒壓力上升，所規定 之壓力條件十分充足（動作VI)，則壓縮機（341)啟動（動作 νπ) 〇 參考圖13和圖14，說明在該冷凍裝置（3)之控制。 固13疋方塊圖，示意的顯示於室外機組（3 4)之控制部 (340)所施行的運轉開始控制程式的主要部份構成。具體而 。，至外機組（34)之控制部（340)中，執行圖14所示之運轉 開始控制程式，冷藏機組（31)之控制部（31〇)中執行和圖6同 樣的冷藏電磁閥開關控制程式。 至外機組（34)之控制部（340)中，包括：電磁閥開關許可 104951.doc -24- 1272365 部（3401)、斷相通電命令部（34〇2)、壓縮機啟動條件判斷部 (3403)以及壓縮機啟動部（3404)。 壓縮機（341)之保護時間一結束，電磁閥開關許可部 (3401)便使用以許可冷藏電磁閥（3 u)打開之R1信號亮。斷 相通電命令部（3402)，基於由溫度傳感器（345)檢測之室外 • 空氣溫度丁a，命令斷相通電。壓縮機啟動條件判斷部 (3403) ’判斷由壓力傳感器（346)檢測之吸入冷媒壓力lp是 .否為規定範圍之值。壓縮機啟動部（3404)，當吸入冷媒壓力 LP是規定範圍内之值時，使壓縮機（34丨）啟動。 冷藏機組（31)之控制部（3 10)和第一實施形態之冷珠裝置 (1 ) 一樣’包括：判斷是否有冷藏運轉開始要求，同時R j信 號是否亮之冷卻要求判斷部（3 101)，以及若有冷藏運轉開始 要求且R1 #號焭’則將冷藏電磁閥（3 11)打開之電磁閥開關 部（3102) 〇 此處，主要是，壓縮機啟動條件判斷部（34〇3)以及壓縮 | 機啟動部（3404)構成對壓縮機（341)之運轉與運轉停止進行 切換的運轉控制手段。斷相通電命令部（34〇4)構成通電控制 手段’若在壓縮機（34 1)之運轉停止時，室外空氣溫度較規 疋溫度為低且有冷藏運轉開始要求，則對壓縮機（34丨）之馬 達進行斷相通電，以使吸入冷媒壓力上升。 因此，根據於各個控制部（3 1 〇、340)所執行之程式，在 即使冷藏電磁閥（3 11)被打開，但因室外空氣溫度很低，壓 縮機（341)之吸入冷媒壓力下降的狀況下，亦能夠對壓縮機 (341)之馬達斷相通電，強制的使壓縮機（341)之吸入冷媒壓 104951.doc -25- 1272365 力上升。具體而言，係按照下述之處理順序執行。補充說 明一下，於冷藏機組（31)之控制部（310)所執行之冷藏電磁 閥開關控制和圖6 —樣，說明省略不提。 如圖14所示，在由室外機組（34)之控制部（34〇)所進行之 運轉開始控制中，首先，判斷壓縮機（341)之保護時間是否 九束（ST301)。若保護時間尚未結束（§Τ301中為，，否”），則本 處理將如此結束。若保護時間已結束（ST301中為，，是”），則 容許冷藏電磁閥（311)打開之ri信號亮（ST3〇2)。 接著，判斷壓縮機（341)之吸入冷媒壓力LP是否大於025 MPa(ST303)。若吸入冷媒壓力LP大於〇25 是"），則設定為斷相通電被禁止，執行通常之通電後 (ST3 04)，壓縮機（341)被啟動（ST3 05)，本處理結束。 若吸入冷媒壓力LP在0.25 MPa以下（ST303中為"否”），則 判斷至外空氣溫度Ta是否低於_ 5 °c，且斷相通電時間是否 大於等於5分鐘（ST306)。此處，若室外空氣溫度Ta大於等 於-5°C，或者斷相通電時間小於5分鐘（ST3〇6中為，，否”），則 判斷為：室外空氣溫度Ta低於^它且壓縮機（341)之停止時 間大於等於5分鐘（ST307)。 於ST307，若室外空氣溫度！^低於·5^且壓縮機（341)之 停止時間大於等於5分鐘（ST307中為"是"），則斷相通電被許 可（ST3 08) ’再次返回至ST301(控制開始）。之後，從ST301 移到ST303 ’再次判斷壓縮機（341)之吸入冷媒壓力LP是否 大於0.25 MPa。此處，若吸入冷媒壓力lp藉由斷相通電大 於〇·25 MPa(ST303中為，，是"），則如上所述，斷相通電被禁 104951.doc -26- 1272365 止後（ST304)，壓縮機（341)被啟動（ST3〇5)，本處理結束。 換吕之’於ST307，若不僅室外空氣溫度^低於彳。c，且 壓縮機（341)由於運轉停止而停止後又過了 5分鐘，則認為該 壓縮機（341)内之冷媒溫度顯著下降，執行斷相通電。 另一方面’於ST303，儘管進行斷相通電，吸入冷媒壓力 LP卻小於等於〇·25 MPa之情況下（ST303中為，，否”），則在 ST306中再次判斷室外空氣溫度Ta是否低於·5。〇且斷相通 電時間是否大於等於5分鐘。此處，若滿足該條件（ST3〇6 中為”是’則進入ST3 04和ST3 05，啟動壓縮機（341)，本處 理結束。相反，若條件不滿足（ST3〇6中為，，否”），則再次進 入ST307。換言之，在ST306，因為室外空氣溫度低，所以 吸入冷媒壓力LP未達到規定壓力，但若進行規定時間之斷 相通電’則認為吸入冷媒壓力LP多少上升一點，使壓縮機 (341)啟動。 於ST3 07 ’若室外空氣溫度丁3大於等於_5它或者壓縮機 (341)之停止時間小於5分（ST307中為，，否”），則在斷相通電 不被允許之情況下，再次返回至ST301(控制開始），之後， 進行與上述一樣之動作。 於這些處理順序中，若在ST3〇2，R1信號亮且產生冷藏 運轉開始要求，則冷藏電磁閥（3 11)打開。但是，若室外空 氣溫度很低，則壓縮機（341)之吸入冷媒壓力下降著不變， 對壓縮機（341)之馬達進行斷相通電，則能使壓縮機（341) 之吸入冷媒壓力LP強制的上升，確實的啟動壓縮機（34丨）。 補充說明一下，前述實施形態之冷凍裝置，係利用溫度 104951.doc -27- 1272365 傳感器（145，245，345)僅直接檢測室外空氣溫度，以檢測 出其下降。但是’本發明並不限於此，亦可檢測例如高麼 拱頂型壓縮機（⑷，241，341)喷出口附近之冷媒溫度。此 =’若例如噴出口附近之冷媒溫度小於等於抓，判斷為 室外空氣溫度低。如此’即使兩個溫度傳感器中之一個破 損’也能可靠的檢測室外空氣溫度之下降。When the temperature of the air in the refrigerator in the refrigerating display cabinet reaches the target temperature set in advance, the refrigerating solenoid valve (1U) is closed, and the flow of the refrigerant toward the refrigerating evaporator (113) is cut off (the refrigerating operation is stopped). If the temperature of the air in the library in the east display reaches the target temperature set in advance, the cold beam solenoid valve (121) is closed, and the auxiliary compressor (131) is stopped, and the refrigerant is cut off toward the freezing evaporation. Flow of the device (123) (freezing operation stop state). When the refrigerating operation is stopped and cold, and the east operation is stopped, the suction refrigerant pressure of the variable capacity compressor (141) is lowered. Upon detection of the suction refrigerant pressure drop, the variable valley compressor (141) is stopped and becomes an outdoor operation stop state. In the normal case where the outside air temperature is higher than -5 °C, the refrigerating operation starts/stops, and the control unit (11〇) of the refrigerating unit (11) automatically switches; the freezing operation starts/stops, and the freezing operation is performed by freezing. The control unit (12〇) of the unit (12) is automatically switched. The outdoor operation start/stop is automatically switched by the control unit (140) of the outdoor unit (14) based on the start/stop of the refrigerating operation and the start of the freezing operation. Incidentally, the control unit (11A) and the control unit (120) will be described later with reference to Fig. 4 and the like. When the external air temperature is significantly lower than -5 C, the difference between the internal temperature of the refrigeration unit (12) and the target temperature is larger than the specified value, and the freezing operation start request is generated, and the freezing solenoid valve (121) is opened. The suction refrigerant pressure of the variable capacity compressor (141) hardly rises. However, as shown in Fig. 3, the refrigeration system (1) according to the present invention has a variable capacity compression branch (14 1) in order to increase the suction refrigerant pressure of the variable capacity compressor (141). In the case of starting, the auxiliary compressor (13 1) is forcibly activated first. In other words, when the protection time of the variable capacity compressor (141) is over, it is transmitted from the control unit (140) of the external unit (14) of the chamber 104951.doc - 14 - 1272365 to the control unit (140) of the refrigeration unit (12). The R2 signal is turned on (action υ. If the temperature is detected by the temperature sensor (124) in the control unit (120) of the refrigeration unit (12), it is determined that the freezing operation start request (action π) is generated, and the freezing is performed. The solenoid valve (121) is opened (action III). In addition, the protection time of the variable capacity compressor (141) is to prevent the compressor from being damaged due to repeated starting and stopping in a short time, and the self-pressure is reduced. The time elapsed after the machine stops for about 1 to 2 minutes. Normally, as the refrigerating solenoid valve (121) is opened, the refrigerant on the discharge side of the variable capacity compressor (141) can pass through the auxiliary compressor ( The bypass passage (132) of the ΐ3ΐ) flows into the suction side of the variable capacity compressor 〇41), so that the suction refrigerant pressure rises. When the pressure sensor (146) detects that the suction refrigerant pressure has risen, the variable capacity compressor 〇 41) is activated. However, if the outdoor air temperature is extremely low, the suction refrigerant pressure of the variable capacity compressor (141) is always lower than the prescribed value. Then, the control unit (1〇2) of the refrigeration unit (12) forcibly activates the auxiliary compressor (131) (operation IV) to increase the pressure of the suction refrigerant of the variable capacity and the compressor (141). When the pressure sensor (146) detects that the suction refrigerant pressure rises (ACT V), the variable valley compressor (141) is activated based on this (operation. Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 4 to FIG. Figure 4 is a block diagram schematically showing the main part of the outdoor operation start control program executed by the control unit (140) of the outdoor unit sentence, the control unit (140), and the refrigeration unit (1) Control unit (1)〇), I04951.doc -15- J272365 control unit (120) of the cold heading unit (η). In the control unit (10) of the group (14), the control unit (1)G) of the operation start unit shown in Fig. 5 is executed. The control unit (120) of the refrigeration unit (12) executes the freeze solenoid valve switch control program shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 and the auxiliary starter stop start and stop (4) program. The processing of each of the control units (10), i2, and i4) is performed in parallel. As shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 室外4〇) of the outdoor unit )4) includes a solenoid valve switch permission unit (1401), a contraction start condition determining unit (1402), and a squeezing machine start unit (1403). . The solenoid valve switch permission unit (just) is configured to allow the R1 signal of the auxiliary solenoid (1) to be turned on and the auxiliary compressor (131) to be activated when the protection time of the variable capacity dust reduction machine (i4i) is completed. And the R2 signal is on. The compressor start condition determining unit (1402) constitutes & determines whether the suction refrigerant pressure LP detected by the pressure sensor (146) and the outdoor dioxin Ta4 detected by the temperature sensor (145) are within a predetermined range. The compressor starting unit (i4〇3) is configured to activate the variable capacity compressor (141) when the intake refrigerant pressure Lp, the outdoor air temperature Ta, and the like are values within the range of the specifications. The control unit (11〇) of the refrigeration unit (11) includes a cooling request determining unit (11〇1) and a solenoid valve switching unit (11〇2). The cooling request determining unit (1101) determines whether or not the difference between the internal temperature detected by the temperature sensor (145) and the target temperature set in advance is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (whether or not the refrigerating operation is required). The cooling request judging section (11 01) further judges whether or not the reverse 1 signal is on. The solenoid valve closing portion (η〇2) is configured to open the refrigerating solenoid valve (1 1 1) if there is a request for opening the air reservoir 104951.doc • 16 - 1272365 and the R 1 signal is sealed. The control unit (120) of the cold beam unit (12) includes a cooling request determining unit 〇2〇1), a solenoid valve switching unit (12〇2), and an auxiliary compressor starting/stopping unit (1203) 〇—cooling requirements The determination unit (1201) determines whether or not the difference between the temperature inside the library detected by the temperature sensor (124) and the target temperature set in advance is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. (Whether or not the freezing operation is required to be started). The cooling request judging section (1201) further judges whether or not the R2 signal is lit. The solenoid valve closing portion (12〇2) is configured to open the freezing solenoid valve (121) if the freezing operation request is started and the R2 signal is turned on. The auxiliary compressor start/stop unit (1203) is configured to start the auxiliary compressor (丨3丨) if the freezing operation request is started and the R2 signal is turned on. Here, mainly, the compressor starting condition determining unit (14〇2) and the compressor starting unit (1403) constitute switching of the operation (starting operation) and the temporary stop (operation stop) of the variable capacity compressor (141). Operational control means. ^ • The request determination unit (12〇1), the solenoid valve switch unit (10) 2), and the auxiliary compressor_starting and stopping unit (1203) constitute a start control means in the case where the variable capacity compressor (141) is stopped. If the cooling condition of the cold unit (12) is required and the specified conditions such as the end of the protection time of the variable capacity compressor (141) are satisfied, the auxiliary compressor (131) is started. Therefore, according to the program executed by each of the control units (110, 120, 140), since the outdoor air temperature is low, even in the case where the suction refrigerant pressure (partial) of the variable capacity compressor is lowered, The start of the auxiliary compressor (131) forcibly causes the variable capacity compressor (called suction cold 104951.doc • 17-1272365 medium > ε force to rise. Specifically, it is performed in the following processing sequence. As shown in Fig. 5, in the operation start control by the control unit (140) of the outdoor unit (14), it is first determined whether or not the protection time of the variable capacity collapsing machine (ΐ4ι) is completed (step m, the following lamp) Indicates the step.) If the protection time has not expired (YES in ST111, no "), the process will end. If the protection time has expired (YES in ST111, yes "), the refrigerating solenoid valve is allowed ( 1 i 1} The open R1 signal and the R2 signal that allows the freezing solenoid valve (121) to open and the auxiliary compressor (131) to start are illuminated (ST112). Then 'determine the suction refrigerant pressure of the variable capacity compressor 〇41) Is lP large? 25.25 MPa (ST113). If the suction refrigerant pressure Lp is greater than 0.25 MPa (YES in ST113), the variable capacity compressor (141) is started (ST114). The process ends. If the suction refrigerant pressure LP is 0.25. MPa or less (NO in ST111), it is determined that the outdoor air temperature Ta detected by the temperature sensor (145) is lower than -5 °C' and the stop time of the variable capacity compressor (141) is 10 minutes or more. (ST115). If the condition is satisfied (YES in ST115), the variable capacity compressor (14 1) is forced to start in ST114. If the outdoor air temperature Ta is greater than or equal to -5 ° C, or The stop time of the variable capacity compressor (141) is less than 1 minute (NO in ST115), the process ends. Even if the refrigerant pressure LP is low through these processes, the variable capacity compressor cannot be started (141). At the time of the protection, if the protection time is over, the R1 signal and the R2 signal are on, allowing the solenoid valves (111, 112) to open and activate the auxiliary compressor (131) with respect to the respective control units (110, 120). In the control unit (11〇) of the refrigeration unit (11) In the magnetic valve switch control, first, it is judged whether the difference between the internal temperature detected by the temperature sensor (114) and the target temperature set in advance is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, and whether the refrigerating operation start request is generated (ST121) If the refrigerating operation start request is not generated (NO in ST121), the refrigerating solenoid valve (111) is closed as it is (ST122), and the process ends. If the refrigerating operation start request is generated (in step 8 and YES, YES), it is judged whether or not the R1 signal is on (ST123). If the R1 signal is not yet on (in ST123, no, then the ST122 refrigerating solenoid valve (in) is turned off as it is, and the process ends. If the R1 signal is not yet on (in step 123, it is "), then refrigerate electromagnetic The valve (111} is opened (ST124), and the process ends. As shown in Fig. 7, in the refrigerating solenoid valve switching control by the control unit (120) of the refrigerating unit )2), the refrigerating solenoid valve switch is performed. The control is the same. In other words, according to the detection of the temperature in the temperature sensor (124), if the freezing operation start request is not generated (NO in ST131), or the R2 signal is not lit (in ST133, If no, the refrigerating solenoid valve (121) is closed (ST132), and the process ends. If the freezing operation start request is generated and the R2 signal is lit (YES in ST131 and Yes in ST133), ,,), the refrigerating solenoid valve (121) is opened (ST134). This process is completed. As shown in Fig. 8, in the auxiliary compressor start/stop control by the control unit 20) of the refrigerating unit (12), if Generate a freeze operation start request ( If ST141 is "NO", or the state in which the R2 signal is not lit (NO in ST143), the auxiliary compressor (13 1) is stopped (ST142), and the present processing ends. When the freezing operation start request is requested and the R2 signal is on (YES in ST141, and YES in ST143), the auxiliary compressor (131) is started (ST144), and the present process ends. 104951.doc -19- 1272365 In general, if the freezing solenoid valve (121) is opened by the freezing solenoid valve switch, the refrigerant can be circulated in the refrigerant circuit, and the refrigerant pressure of the variable capacity compressor (141) is sucked. Ascending, based on the judgment of ST113 of the operation start control, the variable capacity compressor (141) is started. However, since the outdoor air temperature is low, the suction refrigerant pressure hardly rises, so the variable capacity compressor (141) cannot be started. Then, in the refrigeration system (1), since the auxiliary compressor (131) is started by the auxiliary compressor start/stop φ control, the refrigerant pressure of the variable capacity compressor (141) can be increased. Therefore, based on the judgment of ST113 of the operation start control, the variable capacity compressor (41) can be reliably started. In other words, through these controls, the variable capacity compressor (141) can be smoothly started even when the outdoor air temperature is low. Next, a refrigeration system (2) according to a second embodiment of the present invention and a refrigeration system (3) which is a third embodiment will be described. In the refrigeration system (2, 3), the refrigeration unit and the auxiliary unit in the first embodiment are omitted. In the case of these refrigeration systems (2, 3), the same components as those of the refrigeration system (1) of the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Fig. 9A is a view showing the operation related to the start of the refrigerating operation when the outdoor air temperature of the freezing device (2) is low. In the freezer (2), the R1^ number of the control unit (21 0) of the refrigeration unit (21) is transferred from the control unit (240) of the outdoor unit (24) to the end of the protection time of the compressor (241).焭 (Action I). In the control unit (2 10) of the refrigeration unit (2 1), based on the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor (214), it is determined that the refrigeration operation start request (action H) is generated, and the solenoid valve (21丨) is Open (moving 104951.doc -20- 1272365 for III) 〇 Here, when the outdoor air temperature is low, the outdoor air temperature is detected by the temperature sensor (245), so that the judgment criterion for starting the compressor (24 i) is The threshold for the suction refrigerant pressure is reduced (action iv). If the threshold value after the change of the suction refrigerant pressure detected by the pressure sensor (246) is insufficient (ACT V), the compressor (241) is activated (ACT VI). Such control will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. Fig. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the main part of the operation start control program executed by the control unit (240) of the outdoor unit (24). Specifically, in the control unit (240), the operation start control program shown in Fig. 11 is executed, and the control unit (21A) of the refrigeration unit (21) executes the same refrigerating solenoid valve switching control program as that shown in Fig. 6. The control unit (240) of the outdoor unit (24) includes a solenoid valve switch permission unit (2401), a compressor start condition changing unit (2402), a compressor start condition determining unit (2403), and a compressor start unit (2404). ). When the protection time of the compressor (241) is over, the solenoid valve switch permission portion (2401) is illuminated with the R1 signal that allows the solenoid valve (211) to open. The compressor start condition changing unit (2402) reduces the suction refrigerant pressure threshold for starting the compressor (241) based on the outdoor air temperature Ta detected by the temperature sensor (245). The compressor start condition determining unit (2403) determines whether or not the suction refrigerant pressure LP detected by the pressure sensor (26) is a value within a predetermined range. When the suction refrigerant pressure LP is a value within a prescribed range, the compressor starting portion (2404) starts the compressor (241). The control unit (210) of the refrigeration unit (21) and the cold of the first embodiment; the east unit 104951.doc -21 - !272365 (σ), including: determining whether there is a refrigerating operation start request, and the R1 letter ^, The cooling request determining unit (2101) and the electromagnetic switch unit (2102) that opens the refrigerating solenoid valve (1) 若 when the refrigerating operation is started and the Rlk is in the party. Here, the main compressor 'compressor start condition determining unit (2403) and the compressor 'starter unit (2404) constitute an operation control means for performing a "knife change" on the operation and the stop of the compressor (241). The compressor start condition changing unit (2402) constitutes a φ I quasi-value change means 'When the outdoor air temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, the criterion for determining whether or not the operation of the compressor (241) is started is the threshold value of the suction refrigerant pressure. Falling. Therefore, according to the program executed by each of the control units (21〇, 24〇), even when the temperature of the suction refrigerant of the compressor (241) is lowered due to the low temperature of the outside air, the suction refrigerant pressure can be made. The threshold is reduced, thereby sinisterly starting the compressor (241). Specifically, it is performed in the order of processing described below. In addition, the control of the refrigerating solenoid valve performed by the control unit (21〇) of the refrigerating unit (21) is the same as that of Fig. 6, and the description is omitted. As shown in Fig. 11, in the operation start control by the control unit (240) of the outdoor unit (24), first, it is judged whether or not the protection time of the compressor (241) is completed (ST201). If the protection time has not expired (YES in ST2〇1, no, ,), the process will end. If the protection time has expired (YES in ST2〇丨, YES, ), the R1 signal that allows the refrigerating solenoid valve (211) to open is illuminated (ST2〇2). Next, it is judged whether or not the suction refrigerant pressure LP of the compressor (241) is larger than 〇4 MPa (ST203). If the suction refrigerant pressure LP is greater than 〇·4 MPa (YES in ST203), the compressor (241) is started (ST204). This process ends. L〇4951.d〇< -22- 1272365 If the refrigerant pressure LP is below 0·4 MPa (NO in ST204), it is judged whether the outdoor air temperature Ta is lower than 〇. 吸入 and the refrigerant pressure Lp is sucked in. Whether it is greater than 0.25 MPa (ST205). If the condition is satisfied (it is π in ST205), the compressor (241) is started in ST204, and the process ends. If the condition of ST205 is not satisfied, in other words, the outdoor air temperature When D & is greater than or equal to 0C ' or the suction refrigerant pressure LP is less than or equal to 〇·25 MPa (ST205 is, NO), it is judged whether or not the outdoor air temperature Ta is lower than the suction refrigerant pressure LP 疋 is greater than 0.2 MPa (ST206). If the condition is satisfied (YES at 8:2, 6), the compressor (241) is started in ST204, and the process ends. When the outdoor air temperature Ta is greater than or equal to -5 °C or the suction refrigerant pressure LP is less than or equal to 〇·2 MPa (NO in ST206), the compressor (241) is not started and the process ends. In these processing sequences, if the R1 signal is illuminated at ST202 and the refrigeration unit (21)-side generates a refrigerating operation start request, the refrigerating solenoid valve (211) is opened. However, in the case where the outdoor air temperature is low, even if the refrigerating solenoid valve (211) is opened, the suction refrigerant pressure of the compressor (241) hardly decreases and remains unchanged. Then, according to the outdoor air temperature, the threshold value of the suction refrigerant pressure for starting the compressor (241) is lowered from the 0.4]/^3 stage to 0.25] ^^ from the predetermined reference temperature 〇 ° C, -5 ° C. ^, 〇.2]^1^. This causes the compressor (241) to start. In other words, according to these controls, when the outdoor air temperature is low, the compressor (24 丨) can be smoothly started. Fig. 2 is a view showing an operation related to the start of the refrigerating operation when the outdoor air temperature of the refrigeration system (3) according to the third embodiment is low. In the freezing device (3), the protection time of the compressor (341) is completed, and is transmitted from the control unit (34〇) of the external unit (34) of the chamber 104951.doc -23- 1272365 to the control unit of the refrigeration unit (31). The signal of (31〇) is lit (action 1). When the control unit (310) of the refrigeration unit (31) determines that a refrigerating operation start request (action π) is generated based on the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor (314), the refrigerating solenoid valve (311) is opened ( Action III). Here, since the saturation pressure of the refrigerant drops when the outdoor air temperature is low, even if the refrigerating solenoid valve (311) is opened, the suction refrigerant pressure of the compressor (341) does not fall, and remains unchanged. In the present cold ball device (3), it is detected that the outdoor air temperature is low (Operation IV), and the motor of the compressor (341) is energized (phase V). In addition, the phase-off energization is to use the heater as a heater when the motor does not rotate, and to disconnect one of the three-phase AC to allow current to flow. By this phase-off energization, the temperature of the refrigerant in the compressor (341) that is being stopped rises. The refrigerant saturation pressure in the vicinity of the suction port of the compressor (341) rises. Therefore, the pressure of the suction refrigerant detected by the pressure sensing device (346) rises and the specified pressure condition is sufficient (ACT VI), then the compressor (341) is activated (action νπ) 〇 Referring to FIG. 13 and FIG. The control of the freezing device (3) will be described. The solid block diagram is schematically shown in the main part of the operation start control program executed by the control unit (340) of the outdoor unit (34). Specifically. In the control unit (340) of the external unit (34), the operation start control program shown in Fig. 14 is executed, and the control unit (31〇) of the refrigeration unit (31) executes the same refrigerating solenoid valve switching control as that of Fig. 6. Program. The control unit (340) of the external unit (34) includes: a solenoid valve switch permit 104951.doc -24-1272365 (3401), a phase-off energization command unit (34〇2), and a compressor start condition determination unit ( 3403) and a compressor starting unit (3404). When the protection time of the compressor (341) is over, the solenoid valve switch permitting unit (3401) uses the R1 signal to permit the refrigerating solenoid valve (3u) to open. The phase-off energization command unit (3402) commands the phase-off energization based on the outdoor air temperature detected by the temperature sensor (345). The compressor start condition determining unit (3403) 'determines the suction refrigerant pressure lp detected by the pressure sensor (346). No is the value of the predetermined range. The compressor starting portion (3404) activates the compressor (34丨) when the suction refrigerant pressure LP is within a predetermined range. The control unit (3 10) of the refrigerating unit (31) is the same as the cold-bead unit (1) of the first embodiment, and includes a cooling request judging unit (3, 101) for judging whether or not there is a refrigerating operation start request and whether the R j signal is bright. ), and if there is a request for refrigerating operation and R1 #号焭', the solenoid valve switch unit (3102) that opens the refrigerating solenoid valve (3 11) is here, mainly, the compressor starting condition determining unit (34〇3) And the compression|machine start part (3404) constitutes the operation control means which switches the operation of the compressor (341), and the operation stop. The disconnection energization command unit (34〇4) constitutes the energization control means 'When the operation of the compressor (34 1) is stopped, the outdoor air temperature is lower than the regulation temperature and there is a refrigerating operation start request, then the compressor (34) The motor of 丨) is energized in a phase-off to increase the pressure of the suction refrigerant. Therefore, according to the program executed by each of the control units (3 1 〇, 340), even if the refrigerating solenoid valve (3 11) is opened, since the outdoor air temperature is low, the suction refrigerant pressure of the compressor (341) is lowered. In this case, it is also possible to energize the motor of the compressor (341), and forcibly increase the suction pressure of the compressor (341) by 104951.doc -25 - 1272365. Specifically, it is performed in the following processing order. It is to be noted that the refrigerating solenoid valve switch control executed by the control unit (310) of the refrigerating unit (31) is the same as that of Fig. 6, and the description is omitted. As shown in Fig. 14, in the operation start control by the control unit (34) of the outdoor unit (34), first, it is judged whether or not the protection time of the compressor (341) is nine (ST301). If the protection time has not expired (§ 301 in 301, no), the process will end as follows. If the protection time has expired (YES in ST301), the ri signal that allows the refrigerating solenoid valve (311) to open is allowed. Bright (ST3〇2). Next, it is judged whether or not the suction refrigerant pressure LP of the compressor (341) is larger than 025 MPa (ST303). If the suction refrigerant pressure LP is greater than 〇25 is "), the phase-cut energization is prohibited. After the normal energization is performed (ST3 04), the compressor (341) is started (ST3 05), and the process ends. If the refrigerant pressure LP is less than 0.25 MPa ("No" in ST303), it is judged whether the outside air temperature Ta is lower than _ 5 °c, and whether the phase-off energization time is 5 minutes or more (ST306). If the outdoor air temperature Ta is greater than or equal to -5 ° C, or the phase-off energization time is less than 5 minutes (NO in ST3〇6, NO), it is determined that the outdoor air temperature Ta is lower than ^ and the compressor (341 The stop time is greater than or equal to 5 minutes (ST307). At ST307, if the outdoor air temperature! ^ is lower than ·5^ and the stop time of the compressor (341) is 5 minutes or longer (" is " in ST307), then the phase-off energization is permitted (ST3 08) ' again to ST301 (control start). Thereafter, moving from ST301 to ST303' again determines whether the suction refrigerant pressure LP of the compressor (341) is greater than 0.25 MPa. Here, if the suction refrigerant pressure lp is energized by the phase-off of more than 〇·25 MPa (in the case of ST303, it is "), as described above, the phase-off energization is prohibited after 104951.doc -26- 1272365 (ST304) The compressor (341) is activated (ST3〇5), and the process ends. Change the Lu's in ST307, if not only the outdoor air temperature ^ is lower than 彳. c, and after the compressor (341) has stopped for 5 minutes due to the stop of the operation, it is considered that the temperature of the refrigerant in the compressor (341) is significantly lowered, and the phase-cut energization is performed. On the other hand, in ST303, in the case where the phase-cut energization is performed and the suction refrigerant pressure LP is less than or equal to 〇·25 MPa (NO in ST303), it is judged again in ST306 whether the outdoor air temperature Ta is lower than or lower. 5. If the phase-off energization time is equal to or greater than 5 minutes, if this condition is satisfied (YES in ST3〇6), the process proceeds to ST3 04 and ST3 05, and the compressor (341) is started, and the process ends. On the other hand, if the condition is not satisfied (NO in ST3〇6), the process proceeds to ST307 again. In other words, in ST306, since the outdoor air temperature is low, the suction refrigerant pressure LP does not reach the predetermined pressure, but if the predetermined time is performed, When the phase is energized, it is considered that the suction refrigerant pressure LP rises a little and the compressor (341) is started. On ST3 07 'If the outdoor air temperature is 3 or more, the stop time of the compressor (341) is less than 5 minutes ( In ST307, if NO), if the phase-off energization is not permitted, return to ST301 (control start) again, and then perform the same operation as described above. In these processing sequences, if in ST3〇2 When the R1 signal is on and the refrigerating operation start request is generated, the refrigerating solenoid valve (3 11) is opened. However, if the outdoor air temperature is low, the suction refrigerant pressure of the compressor (341) is decreased, and the compressor (341) When the motor is disconnected and energized, the suction refrigerant pressure LP of the compressor (341) can be forcibly increased, and the compressor (34 丨) can be surely started. In addition, the refrigeration apparatus of the above embodiment uses the temperature of 104,951. Doc -27- 1272365 The sensor (145, 245, 345) only detects the outdoor air temperature directly to detect its drop. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is also possible to detect, for example, a high dome type compressor ((4), 241 , 341) The temperature of the refrigerant near the discharge port. If the temperature of the refrigerant near the discharge port is less than or equal to the catch, it is judged that the outdoor air temperature is low. Thus, even if one of the two temperature sensors is broken, the outdoor temperature can be reliably detected. The drop in air temperature.
上述各個實施形態中之冷凍裝置（1，2, 3)中，為了於冷 藏機組⑴，2卜31)-側、冷;東機組（12)_側進行控制，: 使用電磁閥和膨脹閥。但是’可以代替它，使用電子膨脹 閥等其他閥。控制這些閥於運轉開始時打開。此時，和上 述電磁閥打開一樣’利用打開電子膨脹閥，僅啟動壓縮機， 便旎使其成為冷媒在迴路内循環之狀態。 補充”兒明一下，以上實施形態，係最理想之例子。本發 明並亦不限制其應用物或者是其用途範圍。 -工業實用性- 、不上所述，本發明，係對包括基於吸入冷媒壓力之高低， 切換運轉及運轉停止之壓縮機的冷凍裝置有用。门_ ’ 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係顯示本發明之第一實施形態即冷凍裝置之概略处 構的圖。 圖2係顯示冷凍裝置之一般情形時之動作的圖。 圖3係顯示與為本發明之特徵的冷凍裝置低室外空氣溫 度時冷凍運轉開始有關之動作的圖。 圖4係示意的顯示於室外機組之控制部所施行的（室外） 104951.doc -28- 1272365 運轉開始控制程式的主要部份構成的方塊圖 圖5係顯示於室外機組之控制部所施行的運轉開始控 之處理順序的流程圖 圖6係顯示於冷藏機組之控制部所施行的冷藏電磁闕開 關控制的處理順序的流程圖。 圖7係顯示於冷;東機組之控制部所施行的冷;東電磁閥開 關控制的處理順序的流程圖。In the refrigerating apparatus (1, 2, 3) in each of the above embodiments, in order to control the cooling unit (1), the second side, the cold side, and the east unit (12) side, a solenoid valve and an expansion valve are used. However, it can be replaced by other valves such as electronic expansion valves. These valves are controlled to open at the beginning of the run. At this time, the solenoid valve is opened as described above. By opening the electronic expansion valve, only the compressor is started, and the refrigerant is circulated in the circuit. It is to be understood that the above embodiments are the most preferred examples. The invention is not limited to the application or the scope of its use. - Industrial Applicability - Not stated, the present invention includes The refrigeration system of the compressor that is switched between the operation and the operation is stopped. Fig. 1 is a view showing a schematic configuration of the refrigeration system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a view showing an operation related to the start of the freezing operation when the freezing device of the present invention is characterized by a low outdoor air temperature. Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the operation of the outdoor unit. (Outdoor) 104951.doc -28- 1272365 of the main part of the operation start control program. FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the processing sequence of the operation start control performed by the control unit of the outdoor unit. The 6 series shows a flow chart showing the processing procedure of the refrigerating electromagnetic switch control performed by the control unit of the refrigeration unit. Fig. 7 shows the control unit of the cold unit; Cold purposes; processing procedure East solenoid valve switch control flowchart.
同8係顯示於冷;東機組之控制部所施行的輔助壓縮機啟 動/停止控制的處理順序的流程圖。 圖9係顯示與第二實施形態即冷康裝置之低室外空氣溫 度時的冷藏運轉開始有關之動作的圖。 圖10係示意的顯示於室外機組之控制部所施行的（室外） 運轉開始控制程式的主要部份構成的方塊圖。 圖11係顯示於室外機組之控制部所施行的運轉開始控制 的處理順序的流程圖。 圖12係顯示關於第三實施形態即冷凍裝置之低室外空氣 溫度時的冷藏運轉開始之動作的圖。 圖13係示思的顯示於室外機組之控制部所施行的（室外） 運轉開始控制程式的主要部份構成的方塊圖。 圖14係顯示於室外機組之控制部所施行的運轉開始控制 的處理順序的流程圖。 圖15係用以說明向來所使用之冷凍裝置的概略動作之冷 媒迴路圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 104951.doc -29- 1272365 1，2，3 冷凍裝置 113 ， 213 ， 313 冷藏蒸發器 123 冷床蒸發器 131 輔助壓縮機 141 ， 241 ， 341 可變容量壓縮機 104951.doc 30-The same 8 series is shown in the flow chart of the processing sequence of the auxiliary compressor start/stop control performed by the control unit of the east unit. Fig. 9 is a view showing an operation related to the start of the refrigerating operation when the cold outdoor device of the second embodiment is a low outdoor air temperature. Fig. 10 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of a main part of an (outdoor) operation start control program executed by a control unit of the outdoor unit. Fig. 11 is a flow chart showing the processing procedure of the operation start control performed by the control unit of the outdoor unit. Fig. 12 is a view showing the operation of the start of the refrigerating operation when the low outdoor air temperature of the refrigerating apparatus of the third embodiment is performed. Fig. 13 is a block diagram showing the main part of the (outdoor) operation start control program executed by the control unit of the outdoor unit. Fig. 14 is a flow chart showing the processing procedure of the operation start control performed by the control unit of the outdoor unit. Fig. 15 is a refrigerant circuit diagram for explaining a schematic operation of a conventionally used freezing apparatus. [Main component symbol description] 104951.doc -29- 1272365 1,2,3 Freezer 113, 213, 313 Refrigerated evaporator 123 Cooled bed evaporator 131 Auxiliary compressor 141, 241, 341 Variable capacity compressor 104951.doc 30-