1270581 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種解離電鍍塑膠基材和其金屬層之方 法，其主要係在於將電鍍塑膠置於電磁波環境中，利用電磁波 集中能量破壞電鍍塑膠的金屬層，使其吸收能量而產生裂紋， 而易與基材迅速分離，使基材和金屬層分開之方法者。 【先前技術】 目jill塑勝電鐘的目66後;Λ* no αi.1270581 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a method for dissociating an electroplated plastic substrate and a metal layer thereof, which is mainly for placing an electroplated plastic in an electromagnetic wave environment and concentrating energy by electromagnetic wave concentrating energy The metal layer of plastic is a method that absorbs energy and generates cracks, and is easily separated from the substrate to separate the substrate from the metal layer. [Prior Art] After jill plastic wins the bell of the 66th; Λ* no αi.
7 于金屬的性質，充分發揮塑膠及金屬的特性於—體，提高製品 之_性，耐候性，抗幅射線、強度和硬度等，今日已有大量〇 塑膠電鍍產品應用在電子、汽車、家朗品等工業上。加上塑7 In the nature of metal, give full play to the characteristics of plastics and metals, improve the product's _ sex, weather resistance, radiation resistance, strength and hardness, etc. Today, a large number of plastic plating products have been applied in electronics, automobiles, Home langpin and other industries. Plus plastic
对钱性 =、耐藥性好和可大量生產等優點，使塑膠電鍍廣用於民生工The advantages of money =, good resistance and mass production make plastic plating widely used in people's livelihood
銀、鉬、姑、鐘、錄、叙、 ®、鏟、鍊、錄、餓、銀、 鍍如鋰、納、鉀、鈹、鎂、 1270581 釣、銘、鋇、銘、鑭、鈦、錯、鍺、錮等。可由水溶液次 溶液電鍍者有銅、銀、鋅、録、錄、架、録、钻、錄等金屬。八 然而，關於如前述之電鑛塑膠隨著需求的增加，^廢 理已經成為問題。必須廢棄之電鑛塑膠大致包含有電鑛塑膠= 造過程中發生損傷者，在製造後之最終的檢查過程巾不 品者’其它尚有剩餘的庫存品，甚為是來自資源回收場等。义 迄今為止，廢棄電鑛塑膠之處理方法已經被採用者有 廢棄電麵軒崎碎並掩埋填平的方法，以及焚燒廢 塑膠的方法。在前者的處理方法中，掩輯平地點之選定^又 難’尤其’廢棄電鍍塑膠之金屬層材料以掩埋方式予以處理， 乃^有二次污染之問題；而在後者處理方法中，需要特殊的焚 化卜焚燒後之廢氣亦必須予以妥善處理再排出，其處理成本 聽f均不理想；以資源再利用之角度觀之，兩者均不利於後 縯的貝源回收’例如廢棄電鑛塑膠中之基材如為pc片，則期望 其，片回收再重新作為電鑛塑膠的基版，根本無法達成，但如 只能將其回收作為較低經濟價值的應用，上述處理方法都無法 稱之為好方法。 針對上述問題，可見國内之專利公報或相關的資料；例如 〜民國專矛JA告第162116號「非破壞性塑膠鍛層剝離技 ^係細於冑膠電之不n廢I後之電鑛歸回收 品等表面金屬鍍層的回收；其特徵係在於：回收時，先以機械 ^擊而除佔塑膝表面積95%以上的金屬鑛層，然後將該 』膠/文入氯化銅或氯化鐵溶液巾職〜齡鐘左右，即可完全 6 1270581 除去殘餘的金屬鍍層者；前述之機械方法進行喷擊過程時，亦 同日令進行展動筛選及微粒回收等兩種過程動作；前述之震動筛 選，係由於喷擊過程中’金屬鑛層不斷被剝離塑膠本體，因此 利用規格接近28mesh(或孔徑約〇.595mm左右）的過滤筛收集無 法過篩之較大塊金屬鍍層；前述之微粒回收，係利用集塵器將 過篩之較小塊金屬鍍層（直徑小於〇.595nn)以触集塵的方式收 集回收。 籲 歸納而言’是採機械外力先將薄膜材料層刮除，續以化學 溶液去除，但频方法騎挪過成歸電鑛面粗链 化’難以重新電鍍再使用，加上回收所得微粒中混有金屬、研 磨粒和高分子，造成後續的解離問題或二次污染，回收所得塑 膠無法使用在高價的原用途，在處理過程中容易使基材表面材 料產生物性變化，難以確保回收基材的預期品質，窄化循環使 用基材材料的範圍，降低其再利用的價值，只能涂為低價的回 φ 收塑膠料。 - 目此’如何減少製輯_歸之傷害，藉以提高回收基 材的回收價值，目前並未提出相關專利，特別是加速反應速率 的方法。此外，也未有利用電磁波集中能量破壞電鍵塑膠的金 屬層，使其吸收能量而產生裂紋之發表文獻，過去電磁波主要 應用於通訊、感應加熱和電路，其設計原理和本案不同，所用 的工作參數範圍差異更大，特別是本案處理對象是電鑛塑膠， 更是前所未有，不能混為一談，視作為類似想法。 1270581 【發明内容】 本發明係有鑑於上述習知處理方法之缺點，而提供一種迅 速、無污染之解離方法，用以經濟有效地解離電鍍塑膠基材和 其金屬層，以供運用於電鍍塑膠之回收處理程序中。本發明主 要係利用電磁波具有選擇性作用的特性，在短時間内集中能量 大置破壞電鑛塑膠的金屬層，使其吸收能量而破損或與基材層 分離，藉使電鍍塑膠之基材和金屬層可被迅速有效且無污染^ .回收，並保留其原始物性以供高價值之再利用者。 使用本發明之處理方法，僅需以簡單操作和少量成本 ，即可咼效率完成分離，且有利於後續回收，因此具有安全可 罪、低成本、高價值的再利用性等優點。 【實施方法】 接著，茲列舉一些具體實施例，詳細介紹本發明之内容及 其所能達成之功效： 本創作係為一種解離電鍍塑膠之基材和其金屬層之方法， >主要係利用電磁波解離基材和金屬層，其中，該電鑛塑膠係具 有至少-片以上之基材，而表面具有至少一層的金屬層，又該 電磁波係可為-種微波，而其實施環境可以是微波爐。例如， 將電鐘娜置續波射，賴波鮮245_ζ，功率刪， 時間5sec等參數進行解離，造成電鑛塑膠基材表面之金屬層龜 裂，金屬層_做產生而易於獅，如第-圖所示，如此， 金屬層將被迅速破壞，同時基材和金屬制亦將被迅速解離。 1270581 上述方法中，解離操作係利用微波具有選擇性作用的特 性，集中能量於短時間内破壞電鍍塑膠的金屬層，使其吸收能 量而與基材迅速分離，由於其解離確實，同時可於短時間内達 成大量解離之效果，故極具實施效益。 上述電艘塑膠進入解離程序時，係將可吸收微波之電鍍塑 膠放置於微波環境中’調整微波功率予以解離，在微波作用過 程中，可以透過視窗直接觀察。 • 糾，經過微波解離之半成品’係可再施予至少有機械 力、化學藥劑、電化學和超音波中一種方法，以進一步徹底解 離；或者，先予以至少有機械力、化學藥劑、電磁波和超音波 中-财法料解離，再如微波解離等，翻於完全解離 者。亦即微波輔助解離可為回收製程之其中一部份。 、此外微波解料’可同時外加氣流將剝離之金屬層 ^人除，如此可節省分離的時間與能源。 又’有關將紐塑膠置人微波知之方式，可為下列方 式： 1. 批次式，電難膠分批進出於微環境。 2. 半連續式’電鑛塑膠以輸送帶輸送至微波環境中， 止行進接受微波解離，俟解Mai (畢由輸送帶送離微波環境。 3. 連、，式’電難膠崎送帶輸駐微 打進接收微波解離，解離完畢時， /、…、 微波環境； W魏歸適被送離 上述方式皆可達到破壞解離目的，皆適用於本方法。 1270581 另外，凡電磁波頻率在微波範圍之間 層，而有同等〇力效。 爾離金屬 象而:成;屬層作用’而有溶解’蒸發，相變化等現 象，而造成破壞解離，亦屬本發明可適用的範圍。 在實施態樣中，雖以基材上有金屬層之 =，惟f鍍塑膠製造途中產生損傷者，或在製造後^的 =過程中變成不良品者，或達到水準後之剩餘庫存品等中之Silver, molybdenum, abundance, bell, record, Syria, ®, shovel, chain, record, hungry, silver, plated with lithium, sodium, potassium, barium, magnesium, 1270581 fishing, Ming, 钡, Ming, 镧, titanium, wrong , 锗, 锢, etc. Electrolyzed by aqueous solution, copper, silver, zinc, recording, recording, racking, recording, drilling, recording and other metals. VIII However, with regard to the increase in demand for electro-mineral plastics as described above, ^ waste disposal has become a problem. The electro-mineral plastics that must be discarded generally contain electro-mineral plastics. If the damage occurs during the manufacturing process, the final inspection process after manufacture is not good. Others still have the remaining inventory, which is from the resource recycling field. Right now, the disposal method of waste electric ore plastics has been adopted by people who have used the waste electric surface and buried and flattened, as well as the method of incinerating waste plastics. In the former method of treatment, the selection of the masking site is difficult, especially the metal layer material of the discarded electroplated plastic is treated in a buried manner, which has the problem of secondary pollution; in the latter treatment method, special The incineration of the incineration must be properly disposed of and then discharged. The cost of treatment is unsatisfactory. From the perspective of resource reuse, both are not conducive to the recovery of the source of the shell. If the substrate is a pc piece, it is expected that the piece will be recycled and reused as the base plate of the electro-mineral plastic, which cannot be achieved at all. However, if it can only be recycled as a lower economic value application, the above treatment methods cannot be called. It's a good way. In view of the above problems, we can see the domestic patent gazette or related materials; for example, ~National Special Spears JA Report No. 162116 "Non-destructive plastic forging layer peeling technology ^ is finer than the electric iron mine after the waste metal I Recycling of surface metal coatings such as recycled products; characterized by: in recycling, first removes the metal ore layer that accounts for more than 95% of the surface area of the plastic knee by mechanical attack, and then applies the rubber/chloride to copper chloride or chlorine. The iron solution solution can be used to remove residual metal coatings from the vicinity of the age of 2 to 1270581. When the above-mentioned mechanical method is used for the spraying process, the two processes of the exhibition screening and particle recovery are also performed in the same manner; The vibration screening is due to the fact that the metal ore layer is continuously peeled off from the plastic body during the spraying process, so a large-sized metal plating layer that cannot be sieved is collected by a filter screen having a specification close to 28 mesh (or a pore size of about 595 mm); The particle recovery is carried out by using a dust collector to collect and recover a small piece of metal plating (diameter less than 595.595nn) that is sifted by dust. In summary, it is a mechanical external force to scrape the film material layer first. Continued to remove with chemical solution, but the frequency method rides over the thick chain of the returned to the electric ore surface. It is difficult to re-plating and reuse, and the recovered particles are mixed with metal, abrasive particles and polymer, causing subsequent dissociation problems or two. Secondary pollution, the recovered plastic can not be used in the high-priced original use, it is easy to change the physical properties of the substrate surface material during the treatment process, it is difficult to ensure the expected quality of the recycled substrate, narrow the cycle of the use of the substrate material, reduce its re The value of the use can only be applied as a low-priced φ plastic material. - How to reduce the damage caused by the _ _ return to the recovery of the recycled substrate, no relevant patents, especially accelerated response The method of rate. In addition, there is no published literature that uses electromagnetic waves to concentrate energy to destroy the metal layer of the key plastic, so that it absorbs energy and generates cracks. In the past, electromagnetic waves were mainly used in communication, induction heating and circuits. The design principle is different from this case. The range of working parameters used is much different. In particular, the object of this case is electro-mineral plastics, which is unprecedented. 1270581 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a rapid, non-polluting dissociation method for economically and efficiently dissociating an electroplated plastic substrate and its metal in view of the disadvantages of the above-described conventional processing methods. The layer is used for the recycling process of the electroplated plastic. The invention mainly utilizes the characteristic that the electromagnetic wave has a selective action, and the concentrated energy in a short time largely destroys the metal layer of the electric ore plastic, so that it absorbs energy and is damaged or Separation from the substrate layer, so that the substrate and metal layer of the electroplated plastic can be quickly and effectively and free from contamination, and the original physical properties are retained for high value reuse. Using the treatment method of the present invention, only With simple operation and a small amount of cost, the separation can be completed efficiently, and it is beneficial for subsequent recovery, so it has the advantages of safety guilt, low cost, high value reuse. [Embodiment] Next, some specific embodiments will be described in detail, and the contents of the present invention and the effects thereof can be described in detail: The present invention is a method for dissociating a substrate of an electroplated plastic and a metal layer thereof, > The electromagnetic wave dissociates the substrate and the metal layer, wherein the electro-mineral plastic has at least one or more substrates, and the surface has at least one metal layer, and the electromagnetic wave system can be a microwave, and the implementation environment can be a microwave oven . For example, the electric clock is set to continue to wave, Lai Bo Xian 245_ζ, power deletion, time 5sec and other parameters to dissociate, causing the metal layer of the surface of the electro-mineral plastic substrate to crack, the metal layer _ to produce and easy to lion, such as - As shown, the metal layer will be rapidly destroyed, and the substrate and metal will be quickly dissociated. 1270581 In the above method, the dissociation operation utilizes the selective action of microwaves, and concentrates energy to destroy the metal layer of the electroplated plastic in a short time, so that it absorbs energy and is rapidly separated from the substrate, and since it is dissociated, it can be short. Achieving a large number of dissociation effects in time, it is extremely effective. When the above-mentioned electric plastic enters the dissociation process, the electroplated plastic which can absorb the microwave is placed in the microwave environment to adjust the microwave power to dissociate, and can be directly observed through the window during the microwave action. • Correction, the semi-finished product after microwave dissociation can be further applied to at least one of mechanical, chemical, electrochemical and ultrasonic methods to further completely dissociate; or, at least mechanical, chemical, electromagnetic waves and Ultrasonic medium-financial material dissociation, such as microwave dissociation, etc., turned over to the complete dissociation. That is, microwave assisted dissociation can be part of the recycling process. In addition, the microwave disintegration can simultaneously remove the stripped metal layer by applying an air flow, thereby saving separation time and energy. In addition, the method of placing the plastic into the microwave can be as follows: 1. Batch type, electric hard rubber enters the micro environment in batches. 2. The semi-continuous type of electro-mineral plastic is transported to the microwave environment by conveyor belt, and travels to receive microwave dissociation to dissipate Mai (passed by the conveyor belt and sent away from the microwave environment. 3. Connected, type 'Electric hard rubber strip The micro-injection into the receiving micro-dissociation, when the dissociation is completed, /, ..., the microwave environment; W Wei Shiyi can be sent away from the above methods can achieve the purpose of destruction and dissociation, are applicable to the method. 1270581 In addition, the electromagnetic wave frequency in the microwave The layers between the ranges have the same effect. The separation from the metal image: the formation of the layer; the effect of the layer's dissolution, evaporation, phase change, etc., causing the destruction and dissociation, is also applicable to the scope of the invention. In the embodiment, although there is a metal layer on the substrate, but the damage occurs in the manufacturing process of the f-plated plastic, or becomes a defective product in the process of manufacturing after the manufacturing, or the remaining inventory after reaching the level, etc. It
=-種也都可以；易言之’無論基材上有何層狀組織，只要具 有金屬材料者都可以利用和前述相同的處理方法而確實地實施 基材與金屬層之解離。 如將本發明之方法運用於「電難膠之回收（或再生）程 序」中，則其實施之步驟可為： (a)分類·將各式電鍍塑膠依回收材料歸類。例如依金屬 層之材料（例如金、銀、|S)不同而分類，或者，依基材材質 之不同而分類； (b) 電磁波解離：利用電磁波解離基材和金屬層，使金屬 層被迅速破壞，同時基材和金屬層亦被迅速解離； (c) 回收及再利用：將分開的基材和金屬層，依其材質不 同進行回收及再利用。 在上述之實施例「電鑛塑膠之回收（或再生）程序」中， 本發明所提供之解離方法，使整個電鍍塑膠之回收程序更為迅 速並具經濟效益，同時使回收物保留有高價值之再利用性，亦 有效控制了回收過程中之二次污染問題。 1270581 以，藉由本㈣，僅^解的處理方騎可華 二金屬層作有效解離，從而回蝴生變形且純 又同的基材材料，使基材之猶環使用成為可能。且由於高 地實施自廢棄電鑛塑膠除掉不要的金屬層，並回收基材材料再 利用’因此具有可以大_減麵歸片成本之優點。 本發明提供之處理方法適用於從製造過程中發生損傷的電 鍍塑膠’或在製造狀最終的檢查過財成林良的電鍛塑=- can also be used; it is easy to say that regardless of the layered structure on the substrate, as long as the metal material can be used to achieve the dissociation of the substrate and the metal layer by the same treatment as described above. If the method of the present invention is applied to the "recovery (or regeneration) process of electric hard rubber", the steps of its implementation may be as follows: (a) Classification · Various types of electroplated plastics are classified according to recycled materials. For example, according to the material of the metal layer (such as gold, silver, |S), or according to the material of the substrate; (b) Electromagnetic wave dissociation: using electromagnetic waves to dissociate the substrate and the metal layer, so that the metal layer is quickly Destruction, while the substrate and metal layer are also rapidly dissociated; (c) Recycling and reuse: Separate substrates and metal layers are recycled and reused depending on the material. In the above-mentioned embodiment "recycling (or regeneration) procedure of electric ore plastics", the dissociation method provided by the present invention makes the recycling process of the entire electroplated plastic more rapid and economical, and at the same time, the recycled matter retains high value. The reusability also effectively controls the secondary pollution problem in the recycling process. 1270581 Therefore, with this (4), only the treatment side of the solution can effectively dissociate the two metal layers, thereby returning the deformed and purely base material, making it possible to use the substrate. Moreover, since the high-grade implementation of the self-depleting electro-mineral plastics removes the unnecessary metal layer and recovers the substrate material for reuse, it has the advantage of being able to reduce the cost of the surface. The treatment method provided by the present invention is suitable for electroplating plastics which have been damaged during the manufacturing process or in the final inspection of the manufacturing process.
膠’或變成剩餘的庫存品之電鍍塑勝等，回收其基材材料並循 環使用。由於可朗收純度高的基材材料，因此所回收的基材 材料理所虽然的可以再用做電鍍塑膠的基材’也可以在經合膠 混練等後廣泛细，且料循環使用電鍍_材料，具有極高 經濟效益，並可有效避免電鍍塑膠於回收處理過程中所造成之 二次污染者。 【圖式簡單說明】The glue is either turned into the remaining stock, and the substrate material is recycled and recycled. Since the substrate material with high purity can be collected, the recovered substrate material can be reused as a substrate for electroplating plastics, and can also be widely used after kneading and mixing, and the material is recycled. The material has extremely high economic benefits and can effectively avoid the secondary pollution caused by the electroplating plastic in the recycling process. [Simple description of the map]
第一圖係為本發明之作用示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】The first figure is a schematic diagram of the action of the present invention. [Main component symbol description]