1268005 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 ^本發明係關於一種鉛蓄電池用活性添加劑，該活性添加劑為 碳微粒表面附有羧基、羥基與羰基等化學官能基所構成，係在^ 溶液中將碳微粒與具有羥基、羰基或羧基的數種物質按比例進行 混合，並對其加溫所配製而成，再將此劑添入至電解液中形成碳 懸浮液，具有促使鉛蓄電池活性化的功能。使用本活性添加劑的-鉛蓄電池，尤其是肇因於硫酸鹽化嚴重等因素而導致蓄電性能衰· 減的錯蓄電池，其蓄電性能將因本劑的添入而獲得提升，甚至可 再生性能劣化或廢棄之錯畜電池。對已加入本活性添加劑的錯蓄泰 電池進行充放電，將加速鉛蓄電池蓄電性能的恢復，而達到^ 電池應有的蓄電能力。 σ 【先前技術】 鉛蓄電池的正極極板活性物質為二氧化鉛，而負 極極板活性物負為錯，兩極板之間所填充的導電介質 (電解液）為稀硫酸，則鉛蓄電池進行充放電的反應式如下： ?b〇u±L+IRzSOm+Pbis}-PbSO^+2H2〇+PbSO^ 遍 在錯蓄電池放電時，兩極極板活性物質均轉化為硫酸錯 (PbSC^i)，當極板上大部分的活性物質都轉化成硫酸船 (PbSO勉）時，則鉛蓄電池將會停止放電，屆時可藉由對該錯蓄· 電池進行充電來恢復其蓄電性能，充電後的鉛蓄電池將再具有放 電的能力，但是，鉛蓄電池經過多次充放電的循環後，即因嚴重 的硫酸鹽化（PbSO继為絕緣體）以及極板活性物質的脫落，致使 鉛蓄電池的蓄電容量及能力降低而不堪再使用。 性能劣化之鉛蓄電池的使用會造成汽機車不完全的燃油而引 1268005 起廢氣染，是目前空氣污染的主要原因之一，所以， 電池的畜電性能維持在極佳的狀態，將有助於空氣品質的提升' 曰；境保護’廢棄電池需被回收處理以減低污染，但 廢棄電池需面臨高額的費用與複雜的處理步驟，;兄且s' 減成錯畜電池無法正常運作的癥結著手以 於財電池的充電’均採則 =不僅費時又耗電，若是改採以大電流進行】電ϊί: S =性?劣化或廢棄的峨池再生 雖有用來改善錯#電池蓄電性能的添加劑，卻只能 廢棄之鉛蓄電池的蓄電性能，並無i再生: 電法=見 液中，但所％ 有加導電性良好的碳粒至電池電解 池發生短路i門口韻U*碳粉末很容易在電池底部沈殿而導致電 浮液者的碳粒懸 耗電，而且利用 加的劑量也不易控制，此外，藉由電解 粒並未如預期地吸(附分的改良型碳 酸性溶液ϊϊΐ:;分:極不均句’更重要的是，此劑在硫酸等 化法所製這些因素，可得知藉由電解氧 述問題。本發月之主要目的在於提供—種活性添加劑，以克服上 1268005 【發明内容】 口'的在於提供一種活性添加劑’其可適用於薪 °蓄°電池提高性能而匕或錯蓄電池’使添加此劑的錯 之長可叩，甚至能活化再生廢棄的鉛蓄電池。 配充電池的電解液中，藉由添加適量的劑量並捭 地闡述本創俩效地餘tf池迅速被活化。下述用以簡i 加劑的溶質為表面附有縣（-_)、_ ” 土 -co)等化學官能基的碳微粒：而溶劑則為純水。 2·本活性添加劑適用於新品、正被 =畜電池，能使添加此劑_蓄電池提升性能而延長 ，蓄對於新品、正被使用中、性能劣化或廢棄的 錯蓄活對於新品、正被使用中、性能劣化或廢棄的 “電池的充放電循環可在短時間内迅速地恢復 效 物暂添加劑可被製成稀薄或濃雛體、纽或粉末狀的 ，將其添人至財電池的電解射，仍財本翁有的功 板上 本活性添加劑可於鉛蓄電池的製造過程中被添附至電池極 本發明之鉛蓄電池用活性添加劑適用於新品、正被使用中、 7 !268〇〇5 或廢棄的錯蓄電池’使添加此劑的錯蓄電池提高性能而 日#，甚至能活化再生廢棄的鉛蓄電池；當電池進行充電 六二流在短時間内完成充電；此外，可直接加入本活性 ϋ二：ϊί池的電解液中而不需倒除部分電解液，並可依據 备疋畜電容量而添人適量的劑量轉持電池性能的穩定， 4加少許的劑量即可對電池發揮功效而使電池達到極佳 電池原有的電解液並不需去除而避免電池電解液 創^夂低’所以，本活性添加劑為使用方便且功效顯著的 則作’ 14些優點都是他者所無法匹敵的。 式得與精神可以藉由以下的發明詳述及所附圖 實施方式】 下述係以活性添加劑的特性來詳細闡明本創作。 活性添加劑係為碳微粒表面附有缓基、 作乾例，用以說明本劑對於鉛蓄電池的功效。 貝 1·材料的選擇： ㈣性添加劑所使用的材料為碳；不論是結晶 日，甘f或細顆粒狀、天然:或人工的碳材料都適用 Γ握宜為1〇〜6〇〇nm (nm為奈米ϋ 尚右顆粒直徑過大’則碳微粒在溶液中的分佈較 子而；、_之二徑過細’則碳微粒'^容易互相吸附成大粒 粒為最^=2有奴材料中’以採用奈米科技處理的石墨碳微 ί=ί，諸錢及硫等的 1268005 (t)本活性添加劑所使用的溶劑宜為純水，至妒 水，若其所含的離子雜質少於〇1%，尤其是鐵、鎮、路、敍 離子及珅、硫等的含量少於⑽1%者，也可被=來g =性添加劑所用的溶劑。若使用品質較差 、容 :之中的離子雜質將劣化電池蓄電效能;水溶 以g 日電池極板將受到破壞而使其質地變得硬‘Ϊ d廣，田則錯畜電池會發生自放電現象，在短時間内會流失 产此乃因二價鐵離子（Fe2+)會在錯蓄電池的正極 二在負極處被還原，造成了自放電現象；在含有稀硫酸 的電解液中’水溶液中所含的猛離子（Μιΐ2+)會氧化 並韻在電祕板上，^且,，電祕板與橡膠隔 板也會遭到腐蝕破壞；銨根（NH4+)離子亦會引起自放電； 子\〇12+)會在電池負極處析出並覆蓋遮蔽負 物 錯（PW❿有損電池的效能；某些有機物，如低 =類、賴、有機胺等，會在錯蓄電池中轉化為有機酸，如草 ^醋®^等’這些有機在充電過程中會氧化貞極極板的活性物 二鉛/ (py)而成氧化錯（Pb〇垃）等；所以，採用經逆滲透水 炎理系統或蒸餾裝置所取得的純水作為本劑的溶劑是較理想的選 擇。 (3)本活性添加劑使用數種具有羧基（-COOH)、羥基（-COH)或羰基（（Ο)等官能基的有機物，這些有機物將在水溶 液中於碳微粒的表面形成化學鍵結，而生成在碳微粒表面附有羧 基（-COOH)、羥基（_C0H)與幾基（-C〇)的水溶液。 2·製作程序： 、本發明之活性添加劑係為碳微粒表面附有羧基（-COOH)、 經基（-COH)與羰基（_co)等化學官能基的水溶液。以下即為 本活性添加劑的製程。 9 1268005 首先，於容器中裝入純水（PH值為7)，再將碳微粒盥數種 具有羧基（-COOH)、經基（-COH)與幾基（_c〇)等親&性化 學官能基的有機物置入純水中，接著，使用具有加熱及攪拌裝置 的機器以均勻混合該水溶液，則本活性添加劑即完成。 、 3·本發明的創作原理： 本發明係一種適用於鉛蓄電池之活性添加劑。就正常的硫酸 化作用而g，在錯畜電池放電後，正極極板活性物質二氧化錯 (PbO^)會轉變為質地稀鬆的硫酸鉛小顆粒結晶，並均句地分 佈在電池極板上，在錯蓄電池充電後，硫酸錯小顆粒結晶會轉變 為二氧化鉛及鉛。但是，由於電池保存不當、長期處於充電不 足、半放電或過量放電的狀態、放電後未能即時充電、電池内部 紐路、電解液的液面過低而使極板外露出電解液、電解液的密度 與漢度過局或電池所處的溫度過高等，都可能會導致不正常硫酸 鹽=的發生，此乃肇因於在極板上形成導電性差的大顆粒硫酸鉛 結晶，其會堵塞電池極板上的微孔而妨礙電解液的擴散與滲透作 用，也會使得電池的内電阻增大，而在進行充電過程後仍無法完 全恢復成正極極板活性物質為二氧化鉛(Pb〇2(s))且負極極板活 質為錯（PbM)的狀態，即成為不可逆反應；大顆粒硫酸鉛 結晶的生成使得極板中參與充放電反應的活性物質減量且劣化， ，使電池的蓄電效能衰減至不堪被使用的狀態。雖然目前已有諸 多抑制大顆粒硫酸鉛結晶之生成的解決方法，諸如··過充電法、 反復充電法及反復充放電法等，但上述的方法費時又耗電，而本 創作卻能在短時間内有效地提升電池效能，是較為經濟實用的方 法0 一本發明係一種適用於鉛蓄電池之活性添加劑。在内部結構毀 壞，廢棄的電池中，可發現到電池板柵因腐蝕嚴重而使其機械強 度衰減，甚至造成極板彎曲或斷裂的發生，鉛蓄電池的使用壽命 因而終止。雖然，在正常使用下，電池也會出現如此現象，但不 1268005 當的操作會加速電池極板的毀損，縮減鉛蓄電池的使用壽命；在 以大電流進行充放電或在高溫環境下進行充電等情況下，會使得 極板活性物質的反應趨於過度強烈，容易導致不均勻電化學反應. 的發生，因而致使極板彎曲或斷裂；此外，鉛蓄電池放電後未g 立即進行充電，其也會使得極板板栅與硫酸及硫酸鉛的接觸過於 頻繁，因而加速極板板栅的腐姓毀損，造成板柵柵條或極板的斷 裂毀損；過量充放電將使得電池極板承受過大的熱應力而造成極 板彎曲或斷裂，此肇因於極板遭遇到過於強烈的膨脹或收縮而導· 致·^無法恢復原狀；再者，極板活性物質的嚴重脫落不僅會造成 鉛蓄電池的蓄電量衰減，沈積於鉛蓄電池底部的脫落物質將導致 在正負極極板之間發生短路；上述的諸多狀況皆促使電池的使用鲁 壽命提早終止。 · 本發明係一種適用於鉛蓄電池之活性添加劑。鉛蓄電池歷經 多次的充放電後，在正常操作與無外力侵害的情況下，理論上電 ίϋϋ壽命應該極為長久，但是，事實上，隨著電池被使用時 I電池將面臨蓄電性能衰減及内電阻增大等問題的發 彳ϋ時’會發現到充電電壓急遽地竄升，充電電流 _降，導致電池無法恢復至原有的蓄電電量，而當此電 3 Li電，急速下降，放電時間甚短，電池因此不堪再 社曰，卩為在電池電化學反應所產生的大顆粒硫酸錯 ί結晶的生成將消耗電解液與正負極極板上參 的蓄電量因而下降，嚴重時會衰減極板板栅 板活性物皙支撐力’促使極板結構發生、彎曲或斷裂以及極 緩硫酸錯結ΪΪ:成電此觀點來看’阻止或減 增進錯蓄電池的使用壽命及效能的于關鍵里所$的硫酸錯結晶，應是 (用之活性添加劑係為碳微粒表面附錢基 (Η)、祕（彻）與羰基㈤）等化學官能基的水溶 11 1268005 ，°，電池進行充放電的過財，此物的碳微 結晶上’而碳微粒表面所附有的羧基、以 基專曰在硫祕晶粒絲形斜電層，藉崎些化學 且 有的親水性以分解硫酸錯晶粒，進而將極板上的活性物質 和^0汹，在反應流程中所釋出的硫酸根離子（so«)也回到 電解液中，_電驗的硫酸濃紅蚊；若是在尚未存有硫酸 錯晶粒的財電池巾，於充放電蝴陳，碳微粒會受到外加電 場的作用而吸附至正負極極板上，在此之後的充放電階段，硫酸 鉛晶，甚難以生成，因而促使電池的内電阻降低，大大地提高電 池的蓄電性能。所以，對於已加入本活性添加劑的鉛蓄電池，本 劑=僅，有效地分解已生成的硫酸鉛結晶，保使極板板上的活性 物貝回復至PI、和PbO迦，更能抑制及遏止硫酸錯結晶的生成， 因而使用本劑的鉛蓄電池將能延長使用壽命與提升效能，甚至是 性能劣化或廢棄的鉛蓄電池也能被再生而再被使用。 4·本創作的實施方式： 針對本活性添加劑之功效所作的實驗，分別就新品、正被使 用中以及性能劣化或廢棄之汽車及機車所用的錯蓄電池，添入本 劑至電池中’並配合誠如下述的充放電流程（亦即定電麗限電流 的充電方式）：添加本劑一^充電一►放電（電池的使用）—再充修 電—再放電（電池的使用）或者放電添加本劑^充電—放電 Y電池的使用）崎再充電，之後，再確實地測量已加入本劑的鉛、 蓄電池之電性（將於下述的實作範例中詳細描述）。 (1)本發明之活性添加劑，首先添加本劑到正被使用中之 汽機車用錯蓄電池，在歷經短時間的充電且電池正常運作一段時 間之後，可發現到電池的機能獲得大幅度的提升；接著，選取經 充電後仍無法使汽機車引擎啟動的廢棄鉛蓄電池，添加本活性添 加劑並進行充放電循環，可發現到該鉛蓄電池的蓄電量提升，因 而使得汽機車的引擎再次被啟動，由此得知，本活性添加劑能使 12 1268005 的主峨池恢復蓄電能力。此外，由於該電池在 2車啟動時即會自動進行放電，故不需要額外的放電操 電池並無配有充電裝置或該裝置6損壞者，在進行電 池的充電時就必須外加充電裝置。 4 發明之蹄添加綱歸新品、正被使財、性能 ί電。對於各種品牌與額定蓄電容量規格的船 1電1 了依據鉛畜電池所標示的额定蓄電容量，分別添入所需 if til、，,但本創作的活性添加劑能依:照電池的額定蓄電容 ΐ乂:的劑量’使得加入電解液中的碳微粒之數量能幾 ?極極板所吸附’避免因過多的添人劑量 Ϊ得電池的電性不致於因添加劑劑量的多寡而受到 響:ΐ於電池的電性而言，維持本劑添加劑量之怪定是 在ϊ解液中出現碳微粒沈積，則在正負極之間可能 本或因添加劑量的不^而增長錯蓄電池充 的容以:二：入置鉛蓄其 齊;=電解液中;醫療丄===== 的财標科行姉姐人_作，即可精確地 士心^4)本活性添加劑可經乾燥處理成粉末狀的物質，蔣此給 性添加Ξ性：S稀if混合以配製成膏狀或濃液狀型態的活 ί;ί,ν^ 13 1268005 液狀的活性添加物能直接被添入電解液中而不需排去部分電解 液’使用上十分方便。 、（5)在新品鉛蓄電池的製造過程中，將本活性添加物（液 =、、粉末狀、膏狀或濃液狀）、稀硫酸以及鋁粉等混製成糊狀物 質並填充在電池負極柵板中，又將本活性添加物、稀硫酸、氧化 錯（PbO)以及四氧化三鉛（Pb2〇4)混製成糊狀物質並置入電池 正極栅板中，再對此正負極兩極板施以乾燥處理，接著將極板浸 潰於電解液中，施加直流電流以進行氧化還原反應，而獲得表面 附有活性添加物的電池極板，最後再製成鉛蓄電池，則該鉛蓄電 池將具有抑制硫酸鉛結晶之生成的能力，得以享有甚長的使用畚 命。 •可 藉由下述所提及的一系列實作範例，可用以驗證本活性添加 劑的效用，並在實作的結論中作歸納。 '' 實作範例1: 請參閱圖一，圖一為習用的鉛蓄電池性能測試儀儀表圖。以 下用以說明鉛蓄電池性能測試儀儀表圖之用途，鉛蓄電池性能 試儀能依據各個鉛蓄電池的額定蓄電容量，由所讀取的數值 別該鉛蓄電池的機能狀態，而該數值即是蓄電容量顯示值10二^ 中蓄電狀態表示區域11又可分為以下幾種狀態來進行# 二 性能之插： 。备电池 (1) ·指針位置如儀表標示在8V〜10V的範圍A内時，g 示該電池不堪再使用。 ' ^ (2) ·指針位置如儀表標示在10V〜10.5V的範圍g内睹 即表示該電池接近失效或已失效。 # ’ (3) ·指針位置如儀表標示在10.5V〜12V的範圍c内日夺 1268005 即表示該電池的機能尚為正常。 (4) ·指針位置如儀表標示在12V〜15V的範圍D内時，即· 表不该電池的機能處於極佳的狀態。 本實施例中係以開始被使用（使用約丨個月）的汽車用鉛蓄 電池 作為實驗對象（製造廠商為湯淺，型號為46B24rs);藉由· 如圖一所示之錯蓄電池性能測試儀板測得該電池的蓄電容量為… |1^5V，而使用三用電表及鉛蓄電池用比重計分別量得該電池的 電壓值為12.8V (伏特）且比重為L27 ;璆鉛蓄電池的進液孔_ (共有6孔）以每孔5毫升（C.C·)輸入總_量30毫升的活性添 加劑到錯蓄電池中’並使裝入此錯蓄電池的汽車正常行駛約1週 後、（母天至少行駛2小時）再進行量測，測出的實驗結果為電壓 值為13V，比重為1.275，蓄電容量增至11.5V，電解液的液體顏 色也由加入活性添加劑時所呈現的黑色轉為電解液原先的淡色， 證明本活性添加劑所含有的活性物質（即表面附有親水性官能基 的碳微粒）已吸附在正負極極板上；在正常使用該鉛蓄電池約6 個月之後再進行檢測，發現其電壓、比重以及蓄電容量等都維持 在極佳的水平。 ' 貫作範例2: 以長期被使用（使用約1年以上）的汽車用錯蓄電池作為實 驗對象（製造廠商為GS，型號為55D23L-MF);藉由錯蓄&池_ 性能測試儀測得該電池的蓄電容量為1〇·75ν，而使用三用電表及 鉛蓄電池用比重計分別量得該電池的電壓值為12·2ν^伏特）且 比重為1.26 ;從鉛蓄電池的進液孔（共有6孔）以每孔8毫升 (C.C·)輸入總劑量48毫升的活性添加劑到錯蓄電池中，並使裝 入此鉛蓄電池的汽車正常行駛約1週後（每天至少行駛2小時f 再進行量測，測出的實驗結果為電壓值為12.8V，比重為127， 15 1268005 蓄電容量卻明顯地增至115v，電解液的液體顏色也由加入活性 添加劑時所呈賴黑色轉為電解縣先的淡色 ’證明活性添加劑 所含的活性物質（即表面附有親水性官能基的碳微粒子） 已吸附 f正負極極板上；在正常使用該鉛蓄電池約6個月之後，再進行 才欢測的結果為電壓值為12.7V、比重為1.27、蓄電容量為 ，錯蓄電池的性能依祕持在良好的狀態。 里為 實作範例3 : 對，因於蓄電機能喪失而無法再使用的進口汽車用鉛蓄電池 所作的實驗（製造廠商為ACDelCD，型號為65-6YR，此種鉛蓄 ，池，美國製Mercury進口車所慣用的電池.）；藉由鉛蓄電池性 旎測試儀測得該電池的蓄電容量為8·5ν，而使用三用電表及鉛蓄 電池用比重，分別量得該電池的電壓值為9.8V (伏特）且比重為 u5 ;從錯蓄電池的進液孔（共有6孔）以每孔1〇毫升（cc.) 輸入總劑量60毫升的活性添加劑到鉛蓄電池中，並以14·4ν與 (安培）進行充電5小時，所測得的實驗結果為電壓值^ •8V、比重為ι·27，蓄電容量攀升至nay，電池的整體機能 大幅度地獲得改善，之後，將此鉛蓄電池裝入汽車中，引擎竟能 被啟動，該鉛蓄電池恢復蓄電機能而可再被使用，正常行駛該車 約10日之後（母日至少行駛2小時），再經测試儀進行量測， /則出的貫驗結果為電壓值為13V、比重為1.27、蓄電容量為 11.5V，電解液的液體顏色也由加入活性添加劑時所呈現的黑色 轉為電解液原先的淡色，證明活性添加劑所含的活性物質（即表 面附有，水性官能基的碳微粒）已吸附在正負極極板上·；正常使 用該鉛蓄電池約6個月之後，依據所進行的檢測發現該鉛蓄電池 的性能並無明顯地衰減；反之，未加入本活性添加劑的鉛鉛蓄電 池雖然歷經多次的充放電流程，僅使電壓值與比重值 度’但就_池的整體性能而言，依舊沒有任二色升;= 田 法發揮作用來啟動引擎。 、…、 1268005 實作範例4: 作的it因蓄電機能喪失而無法再使用的汽車用錯錯蓄電池所 入ί廠商為統力，魏為26ai9r);在本次實驗 性添加ϊϋίϊ性添加劑的廢棄電池作為對照組，用以證明活 ?棄電池的能力’·首先，對未加人本活性添加 仃1測，測得其電星值為ια8ν，比重為， ===·、= ’接著’以充電電壓為14.4V與充電電流為3Α 雷、、進行充電5小時，但引擎依然未能被啟動，表示 孔\以常運作；反之，從錯蓄電池的進液孔（共有6 φ 氅升（C.C.)輸入總額30毫升的活性添加劑到鉛蓄 小時，弓3A之同樣條件對此'廢魏池進行充電5 蚀田rh 此破啟動’表示該鉛蓄電池恢復蓄電機能而可再被 便用’由此可知本活性添加劑對廢棄電池具有極強的再生能力。 實作範例5 : 枯’圖二為使用定電壓限電流充電方式(以充電電壓 r八#^、特/、充電電流值3安培對電池進行充電1小時)的時間 2、里）21曲線圖。以下用以說明定電壓限電流充電法之實施方 士錯蓄電池進行充電時，將充電電壓值2〇維持定值，然後 電容量值的十分之—量值作為充電限電流值， 小時充電時間21之充電，直到充電f流值23降至趨於0 Ιϋΐί Ϊ動作。以一個電壓值12V (伏特）且額定·蓄電容量 二π, 安培小時）的鉛蓄電池為例，將充電電壓值維持於 —诚再以電流值6A的電流進行數小時的充電，直到充電電流 ^於〇即完成充電，蓄電池即恢復功能，其中曲線22 代表定電壓充電曲線’而曲線25則代表充電電流曲線。 於本實施例巾’鱗軸於蓄電功能妓而無法再使用的機 17 1268005 電池_的實驗（製造廠商為光陽，型號為NTX7A-Γ中，先以充電電壓為14.4V與充電電流為3A (安培） 池ΐΐίΐίί彳小時，但引擎依然未能被啟動，表示電 ，疋…、法正令運作，反之，從鉛蓄電池的進液孔（共有6孔） 母孔、1毫升（C.C.)輸入總額6毫升的活性添加劑到鉛蓄電池 ，仍以14.4V與3Α之同樣條件對此廢棄電池進行充電i小 寺:此^驗結果係如圖二A及圖二B所示，引擎竟能被啟動，表 :该錯蓄電池恢復蓄電性能而可再被使用；正常使職錯蓄電池 、、、勺6個月之後，錯蓄電池的性能依然良好。 實作範例6: 對肇因於蓄電功能喪失而無法再使用的電動機車用鉛蓄電池 所作的實驗、（型號為KYMCO 26AH);測得其電壓值為8V (伏 特），比重為1.10，以充電電壓為14·4ν與充電電流為3A (安 培）進行充電3小時，仍舊無法使該廢棄電池正常運作；於是， 從鉛蓄電池的進液孔（共有6孔）以每孔5毫升（C.C·)輸入總 額30毫升的活性添加劑到鉛蓄電池中，同樣以14·4ν與3A (安 培）進行充電3小時，所測得的實驗結果為電壓13·5ν、比重為 1·26，蓄電容量提升至12V，裝置此錯蓄電池的電動機車引擎可 被啟動，該鉛蓄電池恢復蓄電機能而可再被使用；正常行駛該車 約10日之後（每日至少行駛2小時）再進行量測，該電池仍維 持有極佳的性能。 實作範例7: 對肇因於蓄電功能喪失而無法再使用的兒童玩具車用鉛蓄電 池所作的實驗[製造廠商為SONEX，型號為SE6-4 (6V4AH/20HR)];測得其電壓值為3V (伏特），比重為 1.15，以充電電壓為14.4V與充電電流為ία (安培）進行充電i 小時，該廢棄電池仍無法正常運作；於是，從鉛蓄電池的進液孔 18 1268005 (共有3孔）以每孔1毫升— 編丨丨权芬Ζ Α 0輸人總額3毫升的活性添加 片J到釔畜電池中，同樣以14.4V與1Α (安捭）充 時，兒童玩具車的引擎可被啟動，表示該錯蓄^也已獲再1。/、 實作範例8 : 在本實作中，將觀察已添加本劑之錯蓄 以長期被使用(使用約1年===以 商，型號為95D31R)進行實驗；對於未2 ϊίίΓ的如峨赚充電過程ί 攀^ 加入本活性添加劑劑量90 =的乱畜電池’，、品以充電電壓為K6V與充電電流為2〇 實作範例9 : 在本實作中，將針對未添加與已添加本活性添加劑之鉛 内電阻量值作比較；以廢棄的錯蓄電池（製造薇商為 AHA ’型號為YTX7A_BS)進行實驗，分別量取此廢棄^ 之前與之後的内電阻量值，在未加人本劑時所^得 、内電阻量值為117Ω，而已加入本劑者則為78q。 實作範例10 : I】請參閱圖三，圖三為未添加與已添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池 (製造廠商為湯淺，型號為46B24RS 60AH)於充電32、°靜置幻 ^放電34階段的電壓值30與時間31之關係圖，其中曲線％係 表不未添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池的曲線，而曲線36則 已 添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池的曲線。 19 1268005 本實施例侧以驗證已添加本活性 苟次，型號為46B24RS 60AH)，分別喷卜十士 λ 士、尤^以廠商為 前與之後（力认24毫升的本劑）刀的本活性添加劑之 14.4V盥充雷雷产為6A f釔畜電池，以充電電壓為 :兄電電抓為6A (女培）對添加本劑之錯蓄電 小時再靜置丨小時，最後將加入 、 loow (^) ；6V tfίίί i：A 之錯池性能測試儀板所測得，此實驗结 之電壓與時間的關係曲線，可發現到 =使 用舞命作比較，已添人本劑之電池延長約观的使用壽的使 實作範例11 : · 圖四’圖四為未添加與已添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池 士 j商為SONEX ’型號為SE6_4 (6V4AH_R)]於充電 靜置43與放電44階段的電壓值4〇與時間41之圖，立 中=45絲未添加滩添加劑德蓄雜的曲線，而曲線& ΪΪΐίί加活性添加劑之錯蓄電池的曲線。本實施例係用以驗 本活性添加劑的錯蓄電池之使用壽命的延長；所選用的 、口畜電池為新品的鉛蓄電池[製造廠商為s〇NEX，型號為se6_4 (6V4AH/2GHR) ] ’ ％別測試力认本活性添加劑之前與之後（力口 入24毫升的本劑）的鉛蓄電池，以充電電壓為ΐ4·4ν與充電電 流為1Α (安培）對添加本劑之鉛蓄電池進行充電丨小時再靜置 半小時，最後分別將加入本劑之前與之後的電池以21W (瓦特） 的放電功，放電至蓄電容量為4斯贿蓄電池性制試儀（其 儀表面板請參見®示之第1圖）制得]，此實驗結果為圖示第4 圖之電壓鱗__曲線，可發制與原來電池的使用壽命作 比較，已添入本劑之電池延長約25%的使用壽命。 實作的結論： 20 1268005 、L由實作範例1〜7中，驗證了本活性添加劑適用於新品、正 被使用中、性能劣化或廢棄的鉛蓄電池；不論該鉛蓄電池是汽車 用、機車用、電動機車用或兒童玩具用（電池額定蓄電容量的不 同），本活性添加劑對於任一品牌及規格的鉛蓄電池皆能發揮 效以提升電池的機能。此外，藉由—㈣的實作，總結歸納出本 活性添加劑之最適宜的添加劑量： 々j 1)新品的錯蓄電池所添加的總劑量，以約為電池額定蓄 電谷量值的0.4倍為最佳，並平均地從電池各進液孔進行添入。 — 正被使用中的鉛蓄電池所添加的總劑量，以約為電池 額疋蓄電谷量值的0.8倍為最佳，並平均地從電池各進液孔進行 添入0 —曰(3)廢棄的鉛蓄電池所添加的總劑量，以約為電池額定蓄 電容置值的1·2倍為最佳，並平均地從電池各進液孔進行添入。 、（4)以電池額定蓄電容量值為60ΑΗ(安培小時)的錯蓄電池 為例’進行本劑的添加，以下為根據上述（丨）（2) (3)，由 電池使用狀態來決定本劑的添加劑量。 新品·· 0.4*60=24毫升 24毫升/6孔=4毫升/孔 使用中：0.8*60=48毫升48毫升/6孔=8毫升/孔 廢棄品· 1.2*60 = 72毫升72毫升/6孔=12毫升/孔 2·從實作範例8〜11中可發現，已添加本活性添加劑的鉛蓄 ，池在進行充放電時，會隨著電池内電阻的減小而降低損耗的能 量與維持溫度的穩定，因此，得以採用大充電電流在短時間内完 成充電，而且，由於在電池放電時所耗損的能量較少而得以延長 電池的使用壽命。 21 1268005 總結前述的内容，對於鉛蓄電池，本活性添加劑的功效為：1268005 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to an active additive for a lead storage battery, which is composed of a chemical functional group such as a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group and a carbonyl group attached to the surface of the carbon particle, and is in a solution The carbon particles are mixed with several substances having a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group or a carboxyl group in proportion and heated, and then added to the electrolyte to form a carbon suspension, which promotes the activity of the lead storage battery. Functionality. The lead-acid battery using the active additive, especially the wrong battery whose storage performance is degraded due to factors such as severe sulfation, the storage performance of the battery is improved due to the addition of the agent, and even the regenerative performance is deteriorated. Or discarded animal batteries. Charging and discharging the wrong storage battery that has been added to the active additive will accelerate the recovery of the storage performance of the lead storage battery, and achieve the storage capacity of the battery. σ [Prior Art] The positive electrode active material of the lead storage battery is lead dioxide, and the negative electrode active material is negatively wrong. The conductive medium (electrolyte) filled between the two plates is dilute sulfuric acid, then the lead storage battery is charged. The reaction formula of the discharge is as follows: ?b〇u±L+IRzSOm+Pbis}-PbSO^+2H2〇+PbSO^ When the erroneous battery is discharged, the active materials of the two pole plates are converted into sulfuric acid error (PbSC^i). When most of the active material on the electrode plate is converted into a sulfuric acid ship (PbSO勉), the lead storage battery will stop discharging. At this time, the storage capacity of the battery can be restored by charging the wrong storage battery. The charged lead storage battery Will have the ability to discharge again, but after the lead storage battery has been subjected to multiple cycles of charge and discharge, that is, due to severe sulfation (PbSO followed by insulation) and the falling off of the active material of the electrode plate, the storage capacity and capacity of the lead storage battery are reduced. Unbearable to use. The use of lead-acid batteries with degraded performance will cause the incomplete fuel of the steam locomotive to lead to the exhaust gas dyeing of 12680005. It is one of the main causes of air pollution at present. Therefore, the battery performance of the battery is maintained in an excellent state, which will help Improvement of air quality '曰;境保护' Waste batteries need to be recycled to reduce pollution, but discarded batteries need to face high cost and complicated processing steps; brother and s' reduced to the wrong function of the wrong battery can not work properly For the charging of the battery, the average charging is not only time-consuming but also consumes electricity. If it is changed to a large current, the electric current is ϊ: S = Sexuality? Degraded or discarded Dianchi regeneration Although there are additives for improving the storage performance of the wrong battery. However, the storage performance of lead batteries that can only be discarded is not regenerated: Electrical method = see liquid, but % of carbon particles with good conductivity are short-circuited to the battery cell. i-door rhyme U* carbon powder is very It is easy to sink at the bottom of the battery and cause the carbon particles of the electrospray to suspend electricity, and it is not easy to control by the added dose. In addition, the electrolyzed particles are not sucked as expected (additional modified carbonic acid) Solution ϊϊΐ:; points: extremely uneven sentence 'More importantly, the agent is made by the method of sulfuric acid equalization, and it can be known that the problem is solved by electrolytic oxygen. The main purpose of this month is to provide an active additive. In order to overcome the above 1268005 [Summary of the invention] is to provide an active additive 'which can be applied to the performance of the battery to improve the performance of the battery or the wrong battery' to make the addition of this agent can be long, even activated regeneration Abandoned lead storage battery. In the electrolyte filled with the battery, the appropriate amount of the dose is added and the original solution is quickly activated. The following solute for the simple addition of the additive is attached to the county. (-_), _ ” soil-co) chemically functional carbon particles: and the solvent is pure water. 2. The active additive is suitable for new products, is being used = animal battery, can add this agent _ battery lifting performance And prolonging, storing new products, being in use, deteriorating performance, or discarding the wrong storage. For new products, being used, deteriorating performance, or discarding, "the battery's charge and discharge cycle can quickly restore the effect in a short period of time." Additives can be It is made into a thin or thick body, a new or a powdery shape, and it is added to the electrolytic cell of the fuel cell. The active additive can still be attached to the battery in the manufacturing process of the lead storage battery. The invention discloses an active additive for a lead storage battery which is suitable for a new product, is being used, 7 268 〇〇 5 or a discarded wrong battery 'to improve the performance of the wrong battery to add this agent, and even activate the lead storage battery for recycling and recycling; When the battery is charged, the six or two streams are charged in a short time; in addition, the active electrolyte can be directly added to the electrolyte of the pool without removing some of the electrolyte, and can be added according to the reserve capacity of the livestock. Appropriate amount of the dose to maintain the stability of the battery performance, 4 plus a small dose can play a role in the battery and make the battery reach the excellent battery original electrolyte does not need to be removed to avoid battery electrolyte low ^ so, this The active additives are easy to use and have significant efficacy. These 14 advantages are unmatched by others. The spirit and spirit of the present invention can be explained in detail by the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings. The active additive is a dry base attached to the surface of the carbon particles, and is used as a dry example to illustrate the efficacy of the agent for the lead storage battery. Shell 1 · Material selection: (4) The material used for the additive is carbon; whether it is crystallization day, gan or fine granule, natural: or artificial carbon material is suitable for Γ 为 1 ~ 6 〇〇 nm ( Nm is the nanometer 尚 The diameter of the right particle is too large', then the distribution of carbon particles in the solution is better; and _ the second is too fine 'the carbon particles '^ easily adsorb each other into large particles for the most ^=2 slave material 'The use of graphite carbon micro- ί=ί, 钱 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 〇1%, especially if the content of iron, town, road, syrup, strontium, sulphur, etc. is less than (10) 1%, can also be used = g = the solvent used for the additive. If the quality is poor, the capacity: Ion impurities will degrade the battery's storage efficiency; when the water is dissolved, the battery plate will be destroyed and the texture will become hard. 'When the field is faulty, the battery will self-discharge, and it will be lost in a short time. Because the ferrous ion (Fe2+) will be reduced at the negative electrode of the positive electrode of the wrong battery, resulting in Discharge phenomenon; in the electrolyte containing dilute sulfuric acid, the sulphur ions (Μιΐ2+) contained in the aqueous solution will oxidize and sing on the electric board, and the electric board and the rubber separator will also be corroded and damaged; Ammonium (NH4+) ions also cause self-discharge; sub-〇12〇) will precipitate at the negative pole of the battery and cover the negative physical error (PW❿ damages the performance of the battery; certain organic substances, such as low = class, Lai, organic Amines, etc., will be converted into organic acids in the wrong battery, such as grass vinegar®^, etc. These organic compounds will oxidize the active material of the ruthenium plate during the charging process, lead (P) oxidized (Pb〇) Therefore, it is an ideal choice to use pure water obtained by reverse osmosis water inflammatory system or distillation apparatus as the solvent of the agent. (3) The active additive uses several kinds of carboxyl groups (-COOH) and hydroxyl groups (- COH) or an organic substance such as a functional group such as a carbonyl group ((Ο), which forms a chemical bond on the surface of the carbon fine particles in an aqueous solution, and forms a carboxyl group (-COOH), a hydroxyl group (_C0H), and a few groups on the surface of the carbon particle. (-C〇) aqueous solution. 2. Production procedure: The active additive is an aqueous solution having a carboxyl group (-COOH), a chemical functional group such as a carboxyl group (-COH) and a carbonyl group (_co) on the surface of the carbon particle. The following is the process of the active additive. 9 1268005 First, in a container The pure water (pH 7) is charged, and the carbon particles are placed in a plurality of organic substances having a carboxyl group (-COOH), a trans-group (-COH), and a group of (-c) In pure water, then, using a machine with a heating and stirring device to uniformly mix the aqueous solution, the active additive is completed. 3. The inventive principle of the invention: The present invention is an active additive suitable for lead storage batteries. After the discharge of the wrong animal battery, the positive electrode plate active material dioxins (PbO^) will be converted into the texture of the loose lead sulfate crystals, and uniformly distributed on the battery plate, After the wrong battery is charged, the sulphuric acid small particles crystallizes into lead dioxide and lead. However, due to improper storage of the battery, long-term insufficiency of charging, semi-discharge or over-discharge, failure to charge immediately after discharge, low internal level of the battery, and low liquid level of the electrolyte, the electrolyte and electrolyte are exposed outside the electrode plate. The density and the temperature of Hanting or the temperature of the battery are too high, which may lead to the occurrence of abnormal sulfate. This is due to the formation of large particles of lead sulfate crystals with poor conductivity on the plates. The micropores on the battery plate hinder the diffusion and permeation of the electrolyte, and the internal resistance of the battery is also increased, and the active material of the positive electrode plate cannot be completely recovered after the charging process is lead dioxide (Pb〇2). (s)) and the negative electrode plate is in a state of being in a wrong (PbM) state, that is, an irreversible reaction; the formation of large particles of lead sulfate crystals causes the active material participating in the charge and discharge reaction in the electrode plate to be decremented and deteriorated, so that the battery is stored. The performance is attenuated to a state that is unusable. Although there are many solutions to suppress the formation of large particles of lead sulfate crystals, such as overcharge, repeated charging, and repeated charge and discharge, the above method is time consuming and power consuming, but the creation can be short. It is a more economical and practical method to effectively improve battery efficiency in a period of time. 0 This invention is an active additive suitable for lead storage batteries. In the destruction of the internal structure, in the discarded battery, it can be found that the battery grid is mechanically attenuated due to severe corrosion, and even the bending or breaking of the electrode plate occurs, and the service life of the lead storage battery is terminated. Although, under normal use, the battery will also have such a phenomenon, but the operation of 126805 will accelerate the damage of the battery plate, reduce the service life of the lead battery; charge or discharge with a large current or charge in a high temperature environment, etc. In this case, the reaction of the active material of the electrode plate tends to be excessively strong, which may easily lead to the occurrence of a non-uniform electrochemical reaction, thereby causing the plate to be bent or broken; in addition, the lead battery is not charged immediately after being discharged, and The contact between the plate grid and sulfuric acid and lead sulfate is too frequent, so that the corrosion of the plate grid is accelerated and the breakage of the grid bar or plate is damaged; excessive charging and discharging will cause the battery plate to withstand excessive heat. The stress causes the plate to bend or break. This is because the plate encounters too strong expansion or contraction, which leads to the failure to restore the original shape. Moreover, the serious loss of the active material of the plate will not only cause the storage of the lead storage battery. Attenuation, the shedding material deposited on the bottom of the lead battery will cause a short circuit between the positive and negative plates; Use the pool early termination of the life of Lu. · The present invention is an active additive suitable for use in lead storage batteries. After several times of charge and discharge, the lead battery has a theoretically long life in the case of normal operation and no external force violation. However, in fact, the I battery will face the deterioration of the storage performance as the battery is used. When the problem of increased resistance and other problems occurs, it will be found that the charging voltage rises sharply, and the charging current _ drops, causing the battery to not recover to the original storage capacity, and when this power is 3 Li, the rapid drop, discharge time Very short, the battery is therefore unrecognizable, so that the formation of large particles of sulfuric acid produced by the electrochemical reaction of the battery will consume the electrolyte and the storage capacity of the positive and negative electrode plates, thus reducing the plate. The support force of the slab active material 促使 promotes the formation, bending or fracture of the plate structure and the extremely slow sulphuric acid mismatch ΪΪ: From the point of view of electricity, it is the key to prevent or reduce the service life and performance of the wrong battery. The wrong crystallization of sulfuric acid should be (the active additive used is the water-soluble 11 1268005 of the chemical functional group such as the surface of the carbon microparticles (附), the secret (complete) and the carbonyl (5)), ° The battery is charged and discharged, the carbon microcrystals of the material are on the surface of the carbon microparticles, and the carboxyl group is attached to the surface of the sulfur-grained filament-shaped oblique layer, which is chemically and hydrophilic. To decompose the wrong grains of sulfuric acid, and then the active material on the plate and the sulfate ion (so«) released in the reaction process are also returned to the electrolyte. Mosquito; if it is in the fuel cell towel that does not contain the wrong grain of sulfuric acid, the carbon particles will be adsorbed to the positive and negative electrode plates by the action of the applied electric field. In the charge and discharge stage thereafter, the lead sulfate crystal, It is very difficult to generate, thus causing the internal resistance of the battery to decrease, greatly improving the storage performance of the battery. Therefore, for the lead storage battery to which the active additive has been added, the agent=only, effectively decomposes the formed lead sulfate crystal, and ensures that the active material shell on the plate plate returns to PI, and PbO, which can suppress and suppress more. The formation of stylous sulfuric acid crystals, so the lead storage battery using this agent will prolong the service life and improve the performance, and even lead-acid batteries with degraded performance or waste can be regenerated and reused. 4. Implementation of this creation: Experiments on the efficacy of the active additive are added to the battery in the new product, the wrong battery used in the car and the locomotive that is being used or deteriorated or discarded. As the following charging and discharging process (that is, the charging method of constant current limit current): Add this agent one charge ► discharge (use of battery) - recharge - re-discharge (use of battery) or discharge add This agent ^charge-discharge Y battery use) re-charging, and then reliably measuring the conductivity of the lead and battery that have been added to the agent (detailed in the practical examples below). (1) The active additive of the present invention firstly adds the agent to the wrong battery for the automobile locomotive being used, and after a short period of charging and a normal operation of the battery for a period of time, it can be found that the function of the battery is greatly improved. Then, after selecting the waste lead storage battery that cannot be started by the steam engine after charging, adding the active additive and performing the charge and discharge cycle, it can be found that the storage capacity of the lead storage battery is increased, and thus the engine of the steam locomotive is started again. It is thus known that the active additive can restore the storage capacity of the main pool of 12 1268005. In addition, since the battery is automatically discharged when the vehicle is started, no additional discharge operation is required. The battery is not equipped with a charging device or the device 6 is damaged. It is necessary to apply a charging device when charging the battery. 4 The hoof of the invention is added to the new product, and it is being used for money and performance. For ships of various brands and rated storage capacity specifications, according to the rated storage capacity indicated by the lead battery, the required if til, respectively, is added, but the active additive of the creation can be based on the rated storage capacity of the battery. ΐ乂: The dose 'makes the amount of carbon particles added to the electrolyte to be absorbed by the electrode plate'. Avoiding the excessive charge of the battery, the battery's electrical properties are not affected by the dose of the additive: In terms of the electrical properties of the battery, the amount of the additive to maintain the agent is determined by the deposition of carbon particles in the sputum solution, and the capacity of the wrong battery may be increased between the positive and negative electrodes due to the amount of the additive. Second: the lead is stored in the same; = in the electrolyte; medical 丄 ===== The financial standard 姊 姊 人 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The substance of the form, the addition of sputum to the scent: S diluted if mixed to form a paste or concentrated liquid type of activity; ί, ν ^ 13 1268005 liquid active additive can be directly added to the electrolysis It is very convenient to use without draining part of the electrolyte in the liquid. (5) In the manufacturing process of the new lead storage battery, the active additive (liquid =, powder, paste or concentrated liquid), dilute sulfuric acid, and aluminum powder are mixed into a paste-like substance and filled in the battery. In the negative grid, the active additive, dilute sulfuric acid, oxidized (PbO) and lead tetraoxide (Pb2〇4) are mixed into a paste-like substance and placed in the positive grid of the battery, and then the positive and negative electrodes are The two plates are subjected to a drying treatment, and then the plates are immersed in an electrolytic solution, a direct current is applied to carry out a redox reaction, and a battery plate having an active additive on the surface is obtained, and finally, a lead storage battery is formed, and the lead is obtained. The battery will have the ability to inhibit the formation of lead sulfate crystals, allowing for a long life. • The utility of this active additive can be verified by a series of practical examples mentioned below and summarized in the conclusions of the implementation. '' Implementation example 1: Please refer to Figure 1, Figure 1 is the conventional lead battery performance tester instrument diagram. The following is used to illustrate the use of the lead battery performance tester instrument chart. The lead battery performance tester can be based on the rated storage capacity of each lead battery, and the value read by the lead battery is the function state, and the value is the storage capacity. The display value 10 2 ^ The power storage state indicating area 11 can be further divided into the following states to perform the #2 performance insertion: . Battery backup (1) • When the position of the pointer is within the range A of 8V to 10V, g indicates that the battery is unusable. ' ^ (2) • If the position of the pointer is within the range g of 10V to 10.5V, the battery indicates that the battery is near failure or has expired. # ’ (3) · If the position of the pointer is within the range of 10.5V~12V, the indicator is 1268005, which means that the function of the battery is still normal. (4) When the position of the pointer is within the range D of 12V to 15V, that is, the function of the battery is in an excellent state. In this embodiment, a lead-acid battery for an automobile that is initially used (used for about a month) is used as an experimental object (manufactured by Yuasa, model 46B24rs); by the wrong battery performance tester board as shown in FIG. It is measured that the storage capacity of the battery is ... 1^5V, and the voltage value of the battery is 12.8V (volts) and the specific gravity is L27 using a three-meter electric meter and a lead-acid battery. Liquid hole _ (a total of 6 holes), input 5 ml of active additive into the wrong battery at 5 ml (CC·) per well, and make the car loaded with the wrong battery run normally for about 1 week, (mother day) At least 2 hours) and then measured, the measured result is a voltage value of 13V, a specific gravity of 1.275, and the storage capacity is increased to 11.5V. The liquid color of the electrolyte is also changed from black to electrolytic when the active additive is added. The original light color of the liquid proves that the active material contained in the active additive (ie, carbon particles with hydrophilic functional groups on the surface) has been adsorbed on the positive and negative electrode plates; after the normal use of the lead battery for about 6 months, the detection is performed. It was found that its voltage, specific gravity, and storage capacity were maintained at an excellent level. 'Continuing example 2: Using a wrong battery for a vehicle that has been used for a long time (about one year or more) as a test object (manufacturer is GS, model number 55D23L-MF); measured by wrong storage & pool _ performance tester The storage capacity of the battery is 1〇·75ν, and the voltage value of the battery is 12·2 ν^ volts using a three-meter electric meter and a lead-acid battery, and the specific gravity is 1.26; the liquid from the lead storage battery Holes (6 holes in total) Enter a total dose of 48 ml of active additive into the wrong battery at 8 ml (CC·) per well, and let the car loaded in this lead battery run normally for about 1 week (at least 2 hours per day f After the measurement, the measured result is that the voltage value is 12.8V, the specific gravity is 127, 15 1268005, and the storage capacity is obviously increased to 115v. The liquid color of the electrolyte is also changed from black to electrolysis when the active additive is added. The county's first light color 'provides that the active substance contained in the active additive (ie, carbon microparticles with hydrophilic functional groups on the surface) has been adsorbed on the positive and negative electrode plates; after about 6 months of normal use of the lead storage battery, it is carried out again. Measured knot The voltage value is 12.7V, the specific gravity is 1.27, and the storage capacity is. The performance of the wrong battery is kept in a good state. The example is 3: Yes, the imported automobile lead can not be reused because the storage motor can be lost. The experiment made by the battery (manufacturer is ACDelCD, model 65-6YR, this kind of lead storage, pool, the battery used by the US-made Mercury imported car.); the storage capacity of the battery is measured by the lead battery tester. For the 8·5ν, and the specific gravity of the three-meter electric meter and the lead storage battery, the voltage value of the battery is 9.8V (volts) and the specific gravity is u5; the liquid inlet hole of the wrong battery (a total of 6 holes) is used. Hole 1 〇 ml (cc.) Enter the total dose of 60 ml of active additive into the lead storage battery and charge it with 14·4 ν and (amperes) for 5 hours. The measured result is the voltage value ^ 8V, the specific gravity is ι·27, the storage capacity climbed to nay, and the overall function of the battery was greatly improved. After that, the lead battery was installed in the car, and the engine was started. The lead battery recovered and the motor can be used again. Normally, the battery can be used again. Drive this After about 10 days of the car (at least 2 hours on the mother's day), and then measured by the tester, the result of the test is that the voltage value is 13V, the specific gravity is 1.27, and the storage capacity is 11.5V. The color is also changed from the black color which is added when the active additive is added to the original light color of the electrolyte, and it is proved that the active material contained in the active additive (that is, the carbon particles having the surface and the aqueous functional group attached thereto) has been adsorbed on the positive and negative electrode plates. After using the lead battery for about 6 months, the performance of the lead storage battery was not significantly attenuated according to the tests performed; on the contrary, the lead-lead battery not incorporating the active additive, although subjected to multiple charging and discharging processes, only made the voltage Value and specific gravity value 'but in terms of the overall performance of the pool, there is still no two-color rise; = Tian Fa works to start the engine. ,..., 1268005 Example 4: The faulty battery used in the car that can not be used because of the loss of the motor can be used. The manufacturer is Tongli, Wei is 26ai9r); in this experimental addition, the waste of additive is added. The battery is used as a control group to prove the ability to abandon the battery. · First, the 仃1 measurement is added to the unadded human activity, and the electric star value is measured as ια8ν, and the specific gravity is ===·, = 'then' The charging voltage is 14.4V and the charging current is 3Α, and the charging is performed for 5 hours, but the engine still fails to be activated, indicating that the hole is operating normally; otherwise, the inlet hole of the wrong battery (a total of 6 φ is soaring ( CC) Input a total of 30 ml of active additive to lead storage hour, the same condition of bow 3A to charge this 'waste Weichi 5 eclipse rh This broken start' means that the lead storage battery can recover the storage motor and can be used again It can be seen that the active additive has a strong regenerative capacity for the waste battery. Example 5: The dry 'Figure 2 is a constant voltage current limiting charging method (with charging voltage r8#, special /, charging current value 3 amps) The battery is charged for 1 hour) Time 2, inside) 21 graph. The following is used to explain the implementation of the constant voltage limit current charging method. When charging, the charging voltage value is maintained at a constant value, and then the value of the capacitance value is used as the charging limit current value, and the charging time is 21 Charging until the charge f current value 23 drops to 0 Ιϋΐί Ϊ action. Taking a lead storage battery with a voltage value of 12V (volts) and a rated storage capacity of two π, ampere-hours as an example, the charging voltage value is maintained at -Cheng and then charged with a current of 6A for several hours until the charging current is ^ After charging, the battery is restored, where curve 22 represents the constant voltage charging curve and curve 25 represents the charging current curve. In the embodiment of the present invention, the scale shaft is in the storage function and can no longer be used. The experiment is performed on the battery (the manufacturer is Gwangyang, the model is NTX7A-Γ, first with a charging voltage of 14.4V and a charging current of 3A ( Ampere) ΐΐ ΐΐ ΐ 彳 彳 , , 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎6 ml of active additive to the lead storage battery, the waste battery is still charged under the same conditions of 14.4V and 3Α i small temple: the result of this test is shown in Figure 2A and Figure 2B, the engine can be started, the table : The wrong battery can be used again after restoring the storage performance; after 6 months of normal operation, the performance of the wrong battery is still good. Example 6: Cannot be used because of the loss of power storage function The experiment of the lead battery of the electric motor vehicle (model: KYMCO 26AH); the measured voltage value is 8V (volt), the specific gravity is 1.10, and the charging voltage is 14·4ν and the charging current is 3A (amperes) for charging. Hours, still The waste battery could not be operated normally; therefore, a total of 30 ml of active additive was input into the lead storage battery from the inlet hole of the lead storage battery (6 holes in total) at 5 ml (CC·) per hole, also at 14·4 ν and 3A. (Amp) charging for 3 hours, the measured result is a voltage of 13.5 ν, a specific gravity of 1.26, and the storage capacity is increased to 12V. The motor vehicle engine of the wrong battery can be activated, and the lead storage battery can recover the storage motor. It can be used again; after about 10 days of normal driving (at least 2 hours per day), the battery still maintains excellent performance. Example 7: For the loss of power storage function Experiments on lead-acid batteries for children's toy cars that can no longer be used [manufactured by SONEX, model number SE6-4 (6V4AH/20HR)]; measured voltage value is 3V (volts), specific gravity is 1.15, with charging voltage 14.4V and the charging current is ία (amperes) for charging for 1 hour, the waste battery still does not work properly; thus, from the lead battery inlet hole 18 1268005 (3 holes in total) to 1 ml per hole - Editing Quanfen Ζ Α 0 A total of 3 ml of active additive tablets J is added to the sputum battery. When the battery is charged at 14.4V and 1 Α (Amp), the engine of the children's toy car can be activated, indicating that the wrong memory has been received again. Example 8: In this implementation, we will observe that the error of the added agent has been used for a long time (using about 1 year === quotient, model 95D31R); for 2 ϊ ίίΓ Charging process ί Pan ^ Add the active additive dose 90 = the messy animal battery ', the product is charged voltage K6V and the charging current is 2 〇 Example 9: In this implementation, will be for the unadded and added The amount of lead internal resistance of the active additive is compared; the discarded wrong battery (manufactured by Weishi is AHA' model YTX7A_BS) is tested, and the internal resistance values before and after the waste ^ are separately measured, without adding human When the agent is obtained, the internal resistance is 117 Ω, and the one added to the agent is 78q. Example 10: I] Please refer to Figure 3. Figure 3 shows the voltage of the lead storage battery (the manufacturer is Yuasa, model 46B24RS 60AH) without charge and added active additive. A plot of value 30 versus time 31, where curve % is the curve for the lead storage battery without the active additive added, and curve 36 is the curve for the lead storage battery with the active additive added. 19 1268005 This embodiment is to verify that the activity has been added, the model number is 46B24RS 60AH), and the activity of the knife is 10 士士士, especially before and after the manufacturer (recognition of 24 ml of the agent) The 14.4V additive charge of the additive is 6A f钇 animal battery, and the charging voltage is: Brother Electric Electric catches 6A (female culture). After adding the wrong power storage hour, it will be left for another hour, and finally will be added, loow ( ^) ;6V tfίίί i: A measured by the wrong pool performance tester board, the voltage versus time curve of this experiment can be found to compare with the use of dance life, the battery has been added to extend the approximation The use of life makes the example 11: · Figure 4 'Figure 4 is the lead battery that has not been added with the added active additive, the quotient is SONEX 'model SE6_4 (6V4AH_R)] in the charging static 43 and discharge 44 stage The voltage value is 4 〇 and time 41, the middle = 45 wire does not add the beach additive depletion curve, and the curve & ΪΪΐ ίί plus the active additive's wrong battery curve. This embodiment is used to prolong the service life of the wrong battery for testing the active additive; the selected lead battery is a new lead battery [manufacturer is s〇NEX, model se6_4 (6V4AH/2GHR)] ' % Do not test the lead storage battery before and after the active additive (24 ml of the agent), charge the lead battery with the charge at a charging voltage of ΐ4·4 ν and a charging current of 1 Α (amperes). After standing for another half an hour, finally discharge the battery before and after the addition of the agent with a discharge power of 21 W (watt), and discharge it to a battery capacity tester with a storage capacity of 4 (for the instrument panel, see the first of the instrument panel) Figure)), the result of this experiment is the voltage scale __ curve shown in Figure 4, which can be compared with the service life of the original battery. The battery that has been added to the agent is extended by about 25%. The conclusion of the implementation: 20 1268005, L from the practical examples 1 to 7, verified that the active additive is suitable for new products, being used, degraded or discarded lead storage batteries; whether the lead storage battery is used for automobiles and locomotives For electric vehicles or children's toys (different battery rated storage capacity), this active additive can be used for any brand and specification of lead storage batteries to improve battery performance. In addition, by the implementation of (4), summarizing the optimum amount of additive for the active additive: 々j 1) The total dose added by the new wrong battery is about 0.4 times the rated storage battery value. It is optimal and is evenly added from each of the battery inlet holes. — The total dose added to the lead storage battery being used is preferably about 0.8 times the amount of the battery charge 疋, and is evenly added from the inlet holes of the battery to 0 —曰(3) The total dose added to the lead storage battery is preferably about 1.2 times the value of the rated storage capacity of the battery, and is evenly added from the respective inlet holes of the battery. (4) In the case of a wrong battery with a battery rated storage capacity of 60 ΑΗ (ampere-hours), the addition of this agent is carried out. The following is based on the above-mentioned (丨)(2) (3). The amount of additive. New product · 0.4*60=24 ml 24 ml / 6 holes = 4 ml / hole In use: 0.8 * 60 = 48 ml 48 ml / 6 holes = 8 ml / hole waste · 1.2 * 60 = 72 ml 72 ml / 6 holes = 12 ml / hole 2. From the practical examples 8 to 11, it can be found that the lead storage of the active additive has been added, and when the battery is charged and discharged, the energy loss is reduced as the internal resistance of the battery is reduced. The temperature is kept stable, so that charging can be completed in a short time with a large charging current, and the battery life can be prolonged due to less energy consumed when the battery is discharged. 21 1268005 To summarize the above, for lead storage batteries, the efficacy of this active additive is:
Ab L新品以及正被使用中的鉛蓄電池可延長使用壽命與提升效· 月b ° 2·性能劣化或廢棄的鉛蓄電池可獲再生。 、3·在充電過程中，能以大充電電流在短時間内完成充雷， 過程中並無異常的溫度攀升。 ， 4·能依據電池的額定蓄電容量作適宜劑量的添加。 ， 亦丨所以，本活性添加劑為一種能有效地改善鉛蓄電池機能的添馨 恭日日^以上較佳㈣實關之詳述，鱗望能更加清楚描述本 發明之特徵與精神，而並非以上述所揭露的較 變 及具相等性的安排於本發明所欲申請之專利範圍的範疇内。 1268005 【圖式簡單說明】 圖一為習用的鉛蓄電池性能測試儀儀表圖。 圖二為使用定電壓限電流充電方式(以充電電壓值14.4伏特 與充電電流值3安培對電池進行充電丨小時)的時間（分鐘）曲線 圖。 ^圖三為未添加與已添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池（製造廠商為 所淺，型號為46B24RS 60AH)於充電、靜置與放電階段的的電 壓值與時間之關係圖。 圖四為未添加與已添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池[製造廢 SONEX，型號為SE6-4 (6V4AH/20HR)]於充電、靜置盥放;J 段的電壓值與時間之關係圖。 、电1^ 【主要元件符號說明】 10 :蓄電容量顯示值 11 :蓄電狀態表示區域 A:紅色區域（儀表標示在8V〜i〇V的範圍）即表示該電 池不堪再使用。 B :黃色區域（儀表標示在10V〜10.5V的範圍）gp表示， 電池接近失效或已失效。 即表示該 即表示該電 C :綠色區域（儀表標示在10.5V〜12V的範圍 電池的機能尚為正常。 D :白色區域（儀表標示在12V〜15V的範圍） 23 1268005 池的機能處於極佳的狀態。 20 :充電電壓值 22 :定電壓充電曲線 24 :充電時間 30 :鉛蓄電池電壓值 21 :充電時間 23 :充電電流值 25 :充電電流曲線 31 :時間 32 ·充電區 33 :靜止區 34 ·放電區New products from Ab L and lead batteries in use can prolong service life and improve efficiency. · Month b ° 2· Degraded lead batteries can be regenerated. 3) During the charging process, the charging can be completed in a short time with a large charging current, and there is no abnormal temperature rise during the process. 4) It can be added according to the rated storage capacity of the battery. Therefore, the active additive is a kind of detail that can effectively improve the function of the lead battery. The details of the present invention can be more clearly described, but not the above. The changes and equivalent arrangements disclosed are within the scope of the patent application of the present invention. 1268005 [Simple description of the diagram] Figure 1 is a diagram of the conventional lead battery performance tester. Figure 2 is a plot of time (minutes) using a constant voltage-limited current charging method (charged voltage of 14.4 volts and charging current of 3 amps for charging the battery for a few hours). Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the voltage value and the time during the charging, standing and discharging phases of a lead storage battery (manufactured by the manufacturer, model 46B24RS 60AH) to which no active additive has been added. Figure 4 shows the relationship between the voltage value of the J segment and the time for the lead storage battery [manufactured waste SONEX, model SE6-4 (6V4AH/20HR)] without added active additive. , electric 1^ [Description of main component symbols] 10 : Storage capacity display value 11 : Storage status indication area A: Red area (the meter is marked in the range of 8V to i〇V) means that the battery is unusable. B: The yellow area (the meter is marked in the range of 10V to 10.5V) gp indicates that the battery is near failure or has failed. That means that the electric C: green area (the meter is marked as normal in the range of 10.5V~12V. D: white area (the meter is marked in the range of 12V~15V) 23 1268005 The function of the pool is excellent. State: 20: Charging voltage value 22: Constant voltage charging curve 24: Charging time 30: Lead battery voltage value 21: Charging time 23: Charging current value 25: Charging current curve 31: Time 32 • Charging area 33: Resting area 34 ·Discharge area
35 :未添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池的曲線 36 :已添加活性添加劑之船蓄電池的曲線 40 :鉛蓄電池電壓值 42 ·充電區 44 :放電區 41 :時間 43 :靜止區 45 :未添加活性麥加劑之錯蓄電池的曲線 46 :已添加活性添加劑之錯蓄電池的曲線35: Curve of lead storage battery without added active additive 36: Curve of ship battery with added active additive 40: lead storage battery voltage value 42 • charging area 44: discharge area 41: time 43: static area 45: no active Mecca added Curve of the faulty battery curve 46: the curve of the wrong battery with added active additive
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