TWI254083B - ITO sputtering target and production method therefor - Google Patents
ITO sputtering target and production method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- TWI254083B TWI254083B TW091106366A TW91106366A TWI254083B TW I254083 B TWI254083 B TW I254083B TW 091106366 A TW091106366 A TW 091106366A TW 91106366 A TW91106366 A TW 91106366A TW I254083 B TWI254083 B TW I254083B
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- intermediate compound
- oxide powder
- tin oxide
- sintered body
- sintering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
- C23C14/3414—Metallurgical or chemical aspects of target preparation, e.g. casting, powder metallurgy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/453—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zinc, tin, or bismuth oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. zincates, stannates or bismuthates
- C04B35/457—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zinc, tin, or bismuth oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. zincates, stannates or bismuthates based on tin oxides or stannates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
- C23C14/086—Oxides of zinc, germanium, cadmium, indium, tin, thallium or bismuth
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
1254083 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(1) 【發明之技術領域】 本發明係關於I T〇透明導電膜形成用之I T〇濺鍍 靶及其製造方法。 【以往之技術】 透明導電膜之I T ◦( Indium Tin Oxide )薄膜的製 造方法可大致區別爲噴霧熱分解法、C V D法等的化學成 膜法與電子束蒸鍍法、濺鍍法等之物理成膜法。其中使用 I T 0靶(Target )之濺鍍法因大面積化容易,所製得之 膜的電阻値及透過率隨著時間所產生變化較少,且成膜條 件控制容易,因此可應用於各種領域。 I T〇薄膜因具有高導電性、高透過率的特徵,同時 微細加工容易,因此被應用於平面面板顯示器用顯示電極 、太陽電池用窗材、抗靜電膜等廣範圍領域。特別是在液 晶顯示裝置之平面面板顯示器領域,近年隨著大型化及高 精細化,對於其顯示用電極之I T〇薄膜要求低微粒化。 基板上之微粒附著量係與濺鍍中之異常放電發生頻率 有密切關係,降低異常放電能有效降低微粒。 提高濺鍍靶用之I T 0燒結體之密度能有效降低異常 放電,提高密度的方法例如有日本特開平3-207 85 8號公報 等使用氧加壓燒結的方法或特開平8-096399號公報等使 用微細氧化錫粉末的方法等爲人所知。 也揭示除了高密度化而且降低燒結體之中間化合物相 (氧化銦與氧化錫之複合氧化物相,與氧化錫固熔之氧化 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 驛4 - (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)1254083 Ministry of Economic Affairs, Intellectual Property Office, Employees' Consumer Cooperatives, Printing A7 B7 V. Technical Description of the Invention (1) The present invention relates to an I T〇 sputtering target for forming an I T〇 transparent conductive film and a method for producing the same. [Prior Art] The manufacturing method of the IT ◦ (Indium Tin Oxide) film of the transparent conductive film can be roughly distinguished by physical methods such as a spray thermal decomposition method and a CVD method, and a physical method such as an electron beam evaporation method or a sputtering method. Film formation method. Among them, the sputtering method using the IT 0 target is easy to be large in area, the resistance 値 and the transmittance of the obtained film are less changed with time, and the film formation conditions are easily controlled, so that it can be applied to various types. field. Since the I T 〇 film has high conductivity and high transmittance and is easy to be microfabricated, it is used in a wide range of fields such as display electrodes for flat panel displays, window materials for solar cells, and antistatic films. In particular, in the field of flat panel displays of liquid crystal display devices, in recent years, with the increase in size and definition, it has been required to reduce the atomization of the I T film of the display electrodes. The amount of particulate adhesion on the substrate is closely related to the frequency of abnormal discharge during sputtering, and the reduction of abnormal discharge can effectively reduce the number of particles. The method of increasing the density of the IT 0 sintered body for the sputtering target can effectively reduce the abnormal discharge, and the method of increasing the density, for example, a method of using oxygen pressure sintering or the like, or a method of using an oxygen pressure sintering method, or Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 8-096399 A method of using fine tin oxide powder or the like is known. It also reveals that in addition to high density and lowering of the intermediate compound phase of the sintered body (composite oxide phase of indium oxide and tin oxide, the oxidation of tin oxide with the tin oxide is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm).驿 4 - (Please read the notes on the back and fill out this page)
1254083 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2) 銦相不N )的方法。例如特開平0 6 - 1 5 8 3 0 8號公報及特開 平07- 1 6634 1號公報中揭示相對密度爲9 9 %以上,具有單 相結構(Sn〇2相及中間化合物相之面積比爲1〇%以下), 比電阻爲lx 10·3 Ω · cm以下之I T〇濺鍍靶。 此濺鍍靶的目的係在於防止因異常放電所造成之膜特 性之均勻性惡化及防止因異常放電之濺鍍靶表面變黑所產 生之薄膜阻抗增加,錫量降低爲2〜6重量%,以壓製形成 平均粒徑0·1μ m以下之氧化銦-氧化錫之複合粉末後,在1 〜10氣壓之加壓氧氣氛中,以1 500〜1700°C進行燒結所得 〇 〔發明欲解決的問題〕 但是目前I T〇薄膜所要求的性能日益升高,且強烈 要求降低成本,需要進一步改良。 〔解決問題的手段〕 本發明人精心檢討降低由相對密度9 9 %以上之燒結 體所構成之I T ◦濺鍍靶之異常放電之發生頻率,發現異 常放電之發生頻率係與該中間化合物相之形狀有密切關係, 且使用掃描型電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察任意斷面之中間化 合物粒子之橢圓長短軸比成設定爲2 . 1以上,其形狀爲含 有凹面之多角形狀,可降低異常放電之發生頻率。 換言之,本發明係將氧化銦粉末與氧化錫粉末予以混 合、成型、燒結所得之I T〇燒結體所構成之濺鍍靶,其 相對密度爲9 9 %以上,燒結體爲由立方晶系氧化銦所構 I紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(21〇><297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)1254083 Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Bureau employee consumption cooperative printed A7 B7 V. Invention description (2) Indium phase is not N). For example, the relative density is 99% or more, and the single-phase structure (area ratio of the Sn〇2 phase and the intermediate compound phase) is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei 07- 1 5 8 3 0 8 It is 1〇% or less), and the specific resistance is 1x 10·3 Ω · cm or less of the IT 〇 sputtering target. The purpose of the sputtering target is to prevent deterioration of the uniformity of the film characteristics due to abnormal discharge and to prevent an increase in the film resistance caused by blackening of the surface of the sputtering target due to abnormal discharge, and the amount of tin is reduced to 2 to 6 wt%. After the composite powder of indium oxide-tin oxide having an average particle diameter of 0·1 μm or less is formed by pressing, sintering is performed at 1,500 to 1,700 ° C in a pressurized oxygen atmosphere of 1 to 10 atmospheres. Problem] However, the performance required for IT film is increasing, and there is a strong demand for cost reduction, which requires further improvement. [Means for Solving the Problem] The present inventors carefully examined the frequency of occurrence of abnormal discharge of an IT ◦ sputtering target composed of a sintered body having a relative density of 9 9 % or more, and found that the frequency of occurrence of abnormal discharge is related to the intermediate compound. The shape is closely related, and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to observe the ratio of the elliptical length to the minor axis of the intermediate compound particles in any cross section set to 2.1 or more, and the shape thereof is a polygonal shape having a concave surface, which can reduce the occurrence of abnormal discharge. frequency. In other words, the present invention is a sputtering target comprising an IT〇 sintered body obtained by mixing, molding, and sintering an indium oxide powder and a tin oxide powder, wherein the relative density is 99% or more, and the sintered body is a cubic indium oxide. The I-paper scale applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇><297 mm) (please read the notes on the back and fill out this page)
-5- 1254083 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(3) 成之母相及氧化銦與氧化錫之中間化合物相之2相結構所 構成,(1 )以SEM觀察燒結體之任意斷面時之中間化合 物粒子之橢圓長短軸比爲2. 1以上之I T〇濺鍍靶,或(2 )以SEM觀察燒結體之任意斷面時之中間化合物粒子之 以上爲含有凹面之多角形狀之I T ◦濺鍍靶,及(3 ) 藉由將氧化銦粉末與氧化錫粉末予以混合、成型,在1550 °C以上1 650°C以下之純氧氣流中進行燒結後,由燒結保 持溫度至少降至1300°C之降溫速度爲200°C /小時以上爲 特徵之I T 0濺鑛靶之製造方法。 以下詳細說明本發明。 本發明之I T ◦濺鍍靶例如可以下述方法來製造。首 先將所要比例之氧化銦粉末與氧化錫粉末投入球磨機用筒 內,以濕式或乾式混合調製混合粉末。使用的粉末之平均 粒徑爲1 . 5//m以下較佳,〇 · 1〜1 . 5//m以下更 佳。使用這種粉末可增加燒結體密度的效果。 本發明中,混合粉末中之氧化錫之含量係Sn〇2/ (-5- 1254083 Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Office Staff Consumer Cooperatives Printed A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (3) The mother phase and the 2-phase structure of the intermediate compound phase of indium oxide and tin oxide, (1) observed by SEM In the case of any cross section of the sintered body, the elliptic length to the minor axis ratio of the intermediate compound particles is 2.1 or more, or (2) the intermediate compound particles in the arbitrary cross section of the sintered body are observed by SEM. a polygonal concave-shaped IT ◦ sputtering target, and (3) by sintering and molding indium oxide powder and tin oxide powder, after sintering in a pure oxygen stream of 1550 ° C or more and 1 650 ° C or less, A method for producing an IT 0 splash target characterized by a sintering temperature of at least 1300 ° C and a cooling rate of 200 ° C / hour or more. The invention is described in detail below. The I T ◦ sputtering target of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method. First, the desired proportion of indium oxide powder and tin oxide powder are put into a barrel for a ball mill, and the mixed powder is prepared by wet or dry mixing. The average particle diameter of the powder to be used is preferably 1.5/m or less, and more preferably 〇1 to 1. 5/m or less. The use of such a powder increases the effect of the density of the sintered body. In the present invention, the content of tin oxide in the mixed powder is Sn 〇 2 / (
In2〇3 + Sn〇2)爲8重量%以上,15重量%以下爲佳。藉此 可降低以濺鍍法製膜時所得之薄膜之電阻率。 上述製得之粉末利用沖壓法或鑄入法等的成形法成形 製造I T 0成形體。利用沖壓法製造成形體時,將混合粉 末塡充至所定大小的金屬模後,利用沖壓機以1 〇 0〜 3 0 0 k g / c m 3的壓力進行沖壓形成成形體。此時, 必要時可添加P V A等的黏結劑。而利用鑄入法製造成形 體時,將混合粉末、水、黏結劑及分散劑一起混合形成漿 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榡準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)In2〇3 + Sn〇2) is preferably 8 wt% or more and 15 wt% or less. Thereby, the resistivity of the film obtained by the sputtering method can be reduced. The powder obtained as described above is formed by a molding method such as a press method or a casting method to produce an IT molded article. When a molded body is produced by a press method, the mixed powder is poured into a mold of a predetermined size, and then pressed into a molded body by a press at a pressure of 1 〇 0 to 3 0 k g / c m 3 . At this time, a binder such as P V A may be added as necessary. When the molded body is produced by the casting method, the mixed powder, water, binder and dispersing agent are mixed together to form a pulp paper. The size of the paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (please read the back of the note first) Please fill out this page again)
-6_ 1254083 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(4) 料,將藉此製得之具有5 0〜5 0 0 0厘泊黏度之漿料注 入鑄模成型用之模具中製作成形體。 上述製得之成形體必要時可進行藉由冷間等方壓沖壓 (C I P )之處理。此時C ;[ p的壓力爲了獲得充分的壓 密效果,其壓力爲1 t 〇 n/cm2以上,更理想爲2〜 5 t ο n / c m 2 〇 利用澆鑄法成形時,爲了除去殘存於C I P後之成形 體中的水分以及黏結劑等有機物時,可以3 0 0〜5 0 0 °C的溫度進行5〜2 0小時左右的乾燥處理及脫去黏結劑 處理。又即使藉由沖壓法進行成形時,成形時使用黏結劑 時,也進行同樣的脫去黏結劑處理較佳。 其次’如上述製得之成形體進行燒成。對於升溫速度 雖然未特別限定,但是從縮短燒結時間與防止龜裂的觀點 ’以1 0〜4 0 0 °C /小時較佳。 本發明中,其後之溫度分佈是很重要的。 燒結保持溫度爲1 5 5 0 °C以上1 6 5 0 °C未滿,理 想爲1 5 8 0 °C以上1 6 2 0 °C以下。此溫度範圍內,超 過低溫之固熔極限後促進氧化錫於氧化銦晶格中之固熔。 保持時間爲5小時以上,較佳爲5〜3 0小時。藉此 可較容易得到高密度之燒結體。 降溫係至少降至1 300°C,以200°C/小時以上之降溫速 度降溫。理想爲以250°C /小時以上,更理想爲以300°C /小 時以上。此降溫速度並非燒結時之爐內之溫度特性之設定 値,而是爐內溫度。降溫速度之上限値無特別限定,但是考 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)-6_ 1254083 A7 B7 Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperative Printed 5, Invention Description (4) Material, the slurry with a viscosity of 50 to 5,000 centipoise is prepared and injected into the mold for molding A molded body is produced in the middle. The molded body obtained as described above can be subjected to a cold press or the like (C I P ) if necessary. At this time, C; [pressure of p is sufficient to obtain a sufficient compacting effect, and the pressure is 1 t 〇n/cm 2 or more, more preferably 2 to 5 t ο n / cm 2 〇 when forming by casting, in order to remove residual In the case of the moisture in the molded body after the CIP and the organic matter such as the binder, the drying treatment and the removal of the binder may be carried out at a temperature of 300 to 50,000 ° C for about 5 to 20 hours. Further, even when molding is carried out by a press method, it is preferable to carry out the same debonding treatment when a binder is used for molding. Next, the molded body obtained as described above was fired. The temperature increase rate is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 10 to 400 ° C /hr from the viewpoint of shortening the sintering time and preventing cracking. In the present invention, the subsequent temperature distribution is important. The sintering holding temperature is 1 5 50 ° C or more and 1 6 5 0 ° C is not full, and it is preferably 1 5 80 ° C or more and 1 6 2 0 ° C or less. In this temperature range, the solid solution of the tin oxide in the indium oxide lattice is promoted after the low temperature solidification limit is exceeded. The holding time is 5 hours or longer, preferably 5 to 30 hours. Thereby, a high-density sintered body can be obtained relatively easily. The cooling system is reduced to at least 1 300 ° C and the temperature is lowered at a cooling rate of 200 ° C / h or more. It is preferably 250 ° C /hr or more, more preferably 300 ° C /hr or more. This cooling rate is not the setting of the temperature characteristics in the furnace at the time of sintering, but the temperature inside the furnace. The upper limit of the cooling rate is not particularly limited, but the test (please read the back of the note first and then fill out this page)
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1254083 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(5) 慮防止燒結體之龜裂時,500°C /小時以下爲佳。高溫領域 中,於低溫之固熔極限以上固熔之氧化錫會在降溫過程中 析出,形成中間化合物,但是設定如上述之降溫速度可降低 析出量,同時可形成以SEM觀察燒結體之任意斷面時之中 間化合物粒子之橢圓長短軸比爲2. 1以上,且含有凹面之 多角形狀。 以SEM觀察本發明之I T ◦濺鍍靶之表面結構之結 果如圖1所示,SEM影像中相當於中間化合物粒子以黑 色標示者如圖2所示。本發明所謂含有凹面之粒子係指如 圖1及圖2所示,粒子之輪廓線之至少一部分含有凹面。 本發明之含有凹面之多角形狀之I T〇濺鍍靶係指中間化 合物粒子中,8〇% (換算成個數)以上爲含有凹面。 使中間化合物相形成這種形狀可有效抑制濺鍍中之異 常放電。這種現象之機構雖仍不明暸,但是如上述以高溫 燒結後,急速冷卻形成上述形狀之中間化合物相,可得到再 現性良好,且可抑制異常放電。 若不以1 5 5 0 °C以上燒結時,以SEM觀察之\中間化 合物的形狀主要是接近圓形,且無凹面之形狀,橢圓長短軸 比也低於2.1。若不以20(TC /小時以上急速冷卻時,無法形 成主要爲橢圓長短軸比爲2.1以上,且含有凹面之中間化 合物,又中間化合物相之析出量增加,同時中間化合物粒子 之平均斷面積超過5 μ m 2,因此無法得到降低異常放電的 效果。 降至1 300°C以下之降溫速度爲了防止燒結體龜裂,可 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(21 〇 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)This paper scale applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 1254083 Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperative Printed A7 B7 V. Invention Description (5) When preventing cracking of sintered body, 500 °C / Below the hour is better. In the high temperature field, the tin oxide solidified above the solid solution limit of low temperature precipitates during the cooling process to form an intermediate compound, but the temperature drop rate as described above can reduce the precipitation amount, and the SEM can be used to observe the arbitrary break of the sintered body. The ratio of the elliptical length to the minor axis of the intermediate compound particles in the surface is 2.1 or more, and includes a polygonal shape of a concave surface. The results of observing the surface structure of the I T ◦ sputter target of the present invention by SEM are shown in Fig. 1. The equivalent of the intermediate compound particles in the SEM image is shown in Fig. 2. The term "concave-containing particles" as used in the present invention means that at least a part of the outline of the particles contains a concave surface as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 . The I T 〇 sputtering target having a concave polygonal shape of the present invention means that 8 〇% (in terms of number) of the intermediate compound particles or more contains a concave surface. Forming the intermediate compound phase in such a shape is effective for suppressing abnormal discharge in sputtering. Although the mechanism of this phenomenon is still unclear, if the intermediate compound phase having the above shape is rapidly cooled by sintering at a high temperature as described above, reproducibility is good and abnormal discharge can be suppressed. If it is not sintered at 1 5 50 °C or higher, the shape of the intermediate compound observed by SEM is mainly close to a circular shape and has no concave shape, and the elliptical length to the axial ratio is also less than 2.1. If it is not cooled at a rapid rate of 20 (TC / hour or more, it is impossible to form an intermediate compound having a major elliptical length and short axis ratio of 2.1 or more and containing a concave surface, and the precipitation amount of the intermediate compound phase is increased, and the average sectional area of the intermediate compound particles is exceeded. 5 μ m 2, so the effect of reducing the abnormal discharge can not be obtained. The cooling rate is reduced to below 1 300 ° C. In order to prevent cracking of the sintered body, the paper can be applied to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 〇 X 297 PCT) (Please read the notes on the back and fill out this page)
-8 - 1254083 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(6) 設定爲100°C/小時以下。降至120(Tc以下後減緩降溫速 度更佳。減緩降溫速度之溫度設定及降溫速度之選擇可由 燒結爐之容量、燒結體尺寸及形狀、龜裂之容易度等來決 定。 燒結時之氣氛爲氧氣流中,燒結時將氧導入爐內時的 氧流量(L / m i η )與成形體投入量(k g )的比(投 入重量/氧流量)設定爲1 · 0以下。藉此可容易得到高 密度的燒結體。 本發明之中間化合物粒子之橢圓長短軸比、形狀及平 均斷面積之測定方法例如有下述的方法。首先將I T〇燒 結體切成適當之大小後,進行表面硏磨。使用FE ( Field Emission) -SEM等拍攝燒結體表面,同時進行每一粒子之 定量分析,然後分成S η固熔之氧化銦相與中間化合物相。 接著將被分類爲結晶相之SEM圖像存入電腦內,進行 圖像分析。本發明係使用Modia Cybornctics公司製,軟體 名「Image-Pro Plus」來測定。 中間化合物粒子之橢圓長短軸比係由測定對稱粒子之 相當橢圓(對稱粒子與同面積,且物理學所說之1次及2 次偶極距相等的橢圓)之長軸長與短軸長之比例(長軸/ 短軸)所得到。 含有凹面之多角形狀係以定量分析的結果及目視觀察 SEM照片被確認爲中間化合物之粒子形狀。 平均斷面積係以定量分析的結果及以粒子數(η )除 以被確認爲中間化合物之粒子之面積之和(S.)而得到。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210x297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)-8 - 1254083 Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Office Staff Consumer Cooperative Α7 Β7 V. Invention Description (6) Set to 100 °C/hour or less. Decrease to 120 (the temperature is slower than Tc). The temperature setting and cooling rate can be determined by the capacity of the sintering furnace, the size and shape of the sintered body, the ease of cracking, etc. The atmosphere during sintering is In the oxygen flow, the ratio of the oxygen flow rate (L / mi η ) and the amount of the molded body (kg) (input weight/oxygen flow rate) when oxygen is introduced into the furnace during sintering is set to 1.0 or less. The high-density sintered body. The method for measuring the elliptical length-to-short axis ratio, the shape, and the average cross-sectional area of the intermediate compound particles of the present invention is, for example, the following method. First, the IT〇 sintered body is cut into an appropriate size and then subjected to surface honing. The surface of the sintered body was photographed using FE (Field Emission)-SEM, and the quantitative analysis of each particle was carried out, and then divided into an S indium-fused indium oxide phase and an intermediate compound phase. Next, an SEM image classified as a crystalline phase was used. It is stored in a computer for image analysis. The present invention is measured by the software name "Image-Pro Plus" manufactured by Modia Cybornctics, Inc. The elliptical length to the axial ratio of the intermediate compound particles. The ratio of the long axis length to the short axis length (long axis/short axis) of the equivalent ellipse (symmetric particles and the same area, and the physics are said to be equal to the first and second dipole moments) The polygonal shape including the concave surface was confirmed as the particle shape of the intermediate compound by the results of quantitative analysis and visual observation of the SEM photograph. The average cross-sectional area was determined by the quantitative analysis and the number of particles (η) was divided by the intermediate compound. The sum of the areas of the particles (S.) is obtained. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210x297 mm) (please read the notes on the back and fill out this page)
1254083 A7 B7 五、發明説明(7) 本發明中,相對密度越高越能得到降低異常放電的效 果,因此9 9 . 5 %以上較佳、更佳爲9 9 . 7 %以上, 特別理想爲9 9 . 8 %以上。 f請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 此外,本發明所謂的相對密度(D )係指對於由 I η 2〇3以及S η 0 2之真密度相加平均所得之理論密度 (d )的相對値。由相加平均所求得之理論密度(d )係 指靶組成中,I η 2〇3與S η〇2粉末的混合量分別爲a 、b ( g )時,使用I n 2〇3以及S η〇2的真密度 7.18、6.95(g/cm3), 由 d 二(a + b)/( (a/7 · 18) + (b/ 6 . 9 5 ))求得。而燒結體之測定密度爲d 1時,其相 對密度係以 式:D=dl/dxl〇〇求得。 其次,將燒結體利用磨削加工程所要的形狀後,必要 時使用銦銲錫等與由無氧銅等所構成的底板接合,可得到 本發明之I T ◦濺鍍靶。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 將製得之靶設置於濺鍍裝置內,以氬等之惰性氣體及 必要時以氧氣體作爲濺鍍氣體使用,外加dc或rf電場進行 濺鍍,可在所要之基板上形成I T〇薄膜,可降低異常放電 之發生量之本發明的效果。 〔實施例〕 以下藉由實施例更詳細地說明本發明,惟本發明並非 限定於這些實施例。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -10- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1254083 A71254083 A7 B7 V. INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION (7) In the present invention, the higher the relative density, the more the effect of reducing the abnormal discharge can be obtained, so that it is preferably 99.5 % or more, more preferably 99.7% or more, and particularly preferably 9 9 . 8 % or more. fPlease read the notes on the back and fill in this page. In addition, the relative density (D) of the present invention refers to the theoretical density obtained by adding the average density of I η 2〇3 and S η 0 2 (d Relative ambiguity. The theoretical density (d) obtained from the additive average means that, in the target composition, when the mixing amounts of I η 2〇3 and S η〇2 powder are a and b ( g ), respectively, I n 2〇3 and The true density of S η 〇 2 is 7.18, 6.95 (g/cm 3 ), which is obtained by d (a + b) / ((a / 7 · 18) + (b / 6.95)). When the measured density of the sintered body is d 1 , the relative density is obtained by the formula: D = dl / dxl. Then, the sintered body is subjected to a shape required for grinding and engineering, and if necessary, an indium solder or the like is bonded to a bottom plate made of oxygen-free copper or the like to obtain an I T ◦ sputtering target of the present invention. Printed by the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the Consumers' Cooperatives, in the sputtering apparatus, using inert gas such as argon and oxygen gas as a sputtering gas if necessary, plus dc or rf electric field for sputtering. The effect of the present invention can be reduced by forming an IT tantalum film on a desired substrate to reduce the amount of abnormal discharge. [Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but the invention is not limited to these examples. This paper scale applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -10- Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Bureau employee consumption cooperative printing 1254083 A7
〔實施例〕 (實施例1 ) 將平均粒徑0 · 5 // m的氧化銦粉末9 〇重量份與平均 粒徑0.5 // m的氧化錫粉末1〇重量份放入聚乙烯製的罐內 ’利用乾式球磨機混合7 2小時調製混合粉末。測得前述 混合粉末之堆積密度爲2 . 0 g / c m 3。 將此混合粉末放入模具內,以300kg/ c m 2的壓力 進行壓製形成成形體。此成形體以3 t 〇 n / c m 2的壓 力進行C I P處理。接著將此成形體設置於純氧氣氛燒結 爐內,以下述條件燒結。 (燒結條件) 升溫速度:100°C /小時,燒結溫度:1 6 0 〇 °c, 燒結時間:6小時,氣氛:升溫時由8 0 0 °C開始,降溫 時4 0 0 °C爲止,以(投入重量/氧流量)=〇 · 8將純 氧氣導入爐內,降溫速度·· 1 600°C〜1 200°C爲止係以400°C /小時,其以下的溫度則爲50°c /小時。 利用阿基米德法測定此燒結體的密度。結果如表1所 不 ° 此燒結體藉由濕式加工切成5x 7吋、厚度6mm之靶 用燒結體與SEM分析用之試料。 此試料之表面結構以SEM觀察測定之結果如圖1所 不’圖1之中間化合物部分以黑色表不者如圖2所示。又 測定密度、中間化合物粒子之橢圓長短軸比、形狀及平均 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)[Examples] (Example 1) 9 parts by weight of an indium oxide powder having an average particle diameter of 0 · 5 / m and a weight of 1 part by weight of a tin oxide powder having an average particle diameter of 0.5 / m were placed in a can of polyethylene. The mixture was mixed in a dry ball mill for 72 hours to prepare a mixed powder. The bulk density of the above mixed powder was measured to be 2.0 g / c m 3 . This mixed powder was placed in a mold and pressed at a pressure of 300 kg / c m 2 to form a molded body. This formed body was subjected to C I P treatment at a pressure of 3 t 〇 n / c m 2 . Then, this molded body was placed in a pure oxygen atmosphere sintering furnace and sintered under the following conditions. (Sintering conditions) Heating rate: 100 ° C / hour, sintering temperature: 160 ° ° C, sintering time: 6 hours, atmosphere: starting from 800 ° C at the temperature rise, 400 ° C at the temperature drop, Pure oxygen is introduced into the furnace at (input weight/oxygen flow rate) = 〇·8, and the cooling rate is 400 ° C / hr from 1 600 ° C to 1 200 ° C, and the temperature below 50 ° c /hour. The density of this sintered body was measured by the Archimedes method. The results are as shown in Table 1. The sintered body was cut into a target sintered body of 5 x 7 inches and a thickness of 6 mm by wet processing and a sample for SEM analysis. The surface structure of this sample was measured by SEM observation as shown in Fig. 1. The intermediate compound portion of Fig. 1 is shown in black as shown in Fig. 2. Also, the density, the elliptical length-to-axis ratio, shape and average of the intermediate compound particles are measured. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm). (Please read the back note and fill out this page)
-11 - 1254083 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(9) 斷面積的結果如表1所示。 使用銦銲錫接合靶用燒結體與無氧銅製底板,形成靶 。此靶以下述之濺鍍條件連續放電觀察異常放電之發生量 (濺鍍條件) D C功率:3 0 0 w,氣壓:7.0 m T 〇 r r ,濺鍍 氣體:A r + 〇2,濺鍍氣體中之氧氣濃度(〇2/A r ):〇·〇5%、放電時間:66小時(靶之殘留厚度約1mm), 氧氣濃度係設定在可得到薄膜之電阻率最低的數値。 66小時連續放電時之累積計算之異常放電之發生次 數如表1所示。累積計算之異常放電之發生次數很低。 (實施例2 )-11 - 1254083 Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperative A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) The results of the sectional area are shown in Table 1. A target sintered body and an oxygen-free copper base plate were bonded using indium solder to form a target. The target was continuously discharged under the following sputtering conditions to observe the amount of abnormal discharge (sputtering conditions). DC power: 3 0 0 w, gas pressure: 7.0 m T 〇rr, sputtering gas: A r + 〇 2, sputtering gas The oxygen concentration (〇2/A r ) is 〇·〇 5%, the discharge time is 66 hours (the residual thickness of the target is about 1 mm), and the oxygen concentration is set to the lowest 电阻 of the resistivity of the film. The cumulative number of occurrences of the abnormal discharge calculated during the 66-hour continuous discharge is shown in Table 1. The cumulative number of abnormal discharges is very low. (Example 2)
除了 1 600°C〜1 200°C爲止之降溫速度改爲35(TC /小 時以外,其餘與實施例1相同的方法製作I T〇靶與SEM 分析用之試料。 測定密度、中間化合物粒子之橢圓長短軸比、形狀及 平均斷面積的結果如表1所示。 又與實施例1相同進行連續放電試驗之結果如表1所 示。累積計算之異常放電之發生次數很低。 (實施例3) 除了 1 600°C〜120(TC爲止之降溫速度改爲300°CM、 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) ; -12- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)The sample for the IT target and the SEM analysis was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature drop rate from 1 600 ° C to 1 200 ° C was changed to 35 (TC / hour). The density and the ellipse of the intermediate compound particles were measured. The results of the long-short axial ratio, shape, and average cross-sectional area are shown in Table 1. The results of the continuous discharge test in the same manner as in Example 1 are shown in Table 1. The cumulative number of occurrences of the abnormal discharge was low. In addition to 1 600 ° C ~ 120 (TC temperature is reduced to 300 ° CM, the paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm); -12- (please read the back of the precautions before Fill in this page)
1254083 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 __五、發明説明( 時以外,其餘與實施例1相同的方法製作I τ ◦靶與SEM 分析用之試料。 測定密度、中間化合物粒子之橢圓長短軸比、形狀及 平均斷面積的結果如表1所示。 又與實施例1相同進行連續放電試驗之結果如表1所 示。累積計算之異常放電之發生次數很低。 (實施例4 ) 除了 1 600°C〜1 20 0°C爲止之降溫速度改爲200°C /小 時以外,其餘與實施例1相同的方法製作I T〇靶與SEM 分析用之試料。 測定密度、中間化合物粒子之橢圓長短軸比、形狀及 平均斷面積的結果如表1所示。 又與實施例1相同進行連續放電試驗之結果如表1所 示。累積計算之異常放電之發生次數很低。 (實施例5 ) 除了 1 600°C〜1 3 00°C爲止之降溫速度改爲400°C /小 時,其以下的溫度則爲50°C /小時以外,其餘與實施例1相 同的方法製作I T〇靶與SEM分析用之試料。 測定密度、中間化合物粒子之橢圓長短軸比、形狀及 平均斷面積的結果如表1所示。 又與實施例1相同進行連續放電試驗之結果如表丨所 示。累積計算之異常放電之發生次數很低。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) " " -13- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)1254083 Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Office Staff Consumer Cooperatives Printed A7 B7 __ V. Inventive Note (Other than the same method as in Example 1 to prepare samples for I τ ◦ target and SEM analysis. Density, intermediate compound particles The results of the elliptical length-to-axis ratio, shape, and average cross-sectional area are shown in Table 1. The results of the continuous discharge test in the same manner as in Example 1 are shown in Table 1. The cumulative number of occurrences of the abnormal discharge was low. 4) Samples for IT target and SEM analysis were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature drop rate from 1 600 ° C to 120 ° C was changed to 200 ° C / hr. Density and intermediate compound were measured. The results of the elliptical length-to-axis ratio, shape, and average cross-sectional area of the particles are shown in Table 1. The results of the continuous discharge test in the same manner as in Example 1 are shown in Table 1. The cumulative number of occurrences of the abnormal discharge was low. Example 5) IT was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature drop rate from 1 600 ° C to 1 300 ° C was changed to 400 ° C /hr, and the temperature below was 50 ° C /hr. The sample for the target and the SEM analysis. The results of measuring the density, the elliptical length-to-minor axis ratio, the shape, and the average cross-sectional area of the intermediate compound particles are shown in Table 1. The results of the continuous discharge test in the same manner as in Example 1 are shown in Table 丨. The cumulative number of abnormal discharges is very low. This paper scale applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) "" -13- (Please read the back note and fill out this page)
、11, 11
1254083 A7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 ______B7五、發明説明(li) (比較例1 ) 除了燒結溫度爲1 500°C,而150(TC〜120CTC爲止之降 溫速度改爲4 0 0 °C /小時以外,其餘與實施例1相同的方法 製作I T ◦靶與SEM分析用之試料。 此分析用試料之表面結構以SEM觀察測定之結果如 圖3所示,圖3之中間化合物部分以黑色表示者如圖4所 示。又測定密度、中間化合物粒子之橢圓長短軸比、形狀 及平均斷面積的結果如表1所示。 又與實施例1相同進行連續放電試驗之結果如表1所 示。發生多次異常放電。 (比較例2 ) 除了 1 600°C〜120(TC爲止之降溫速度改爲l〇(TC /小 時以外,其餘與實施例1相同的方法製作I T ◦靶與SEM 分析用之試料。 測定密度、中間化合物粒子之橢圓長短軸比、形狀及 平均斷面積的結果如表1所示。又與實施例1相同進行連 續放電試驗之結果如表1所示。結果發生多次異常放電。 (比較例3 ) 除了燒結溫度爲1 500°C,而1 500°C〜1 200°C爲止之降 溫速度改爲100°C /小時以外,其餘與實施例1相同的方法 製作I T 0靶與SEM分析用之試料。 測定密度、中間化合物粒子之橢圓長短軸比、形狀及 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)1254083 A7 Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Bureau employee consumption cooperative printing ______B7 V. Invention description (li) (Comparative example 1) except that the sintering temperature is 1 500 ° C, and 150 (TC ~ 120 CTC cooling speed is changed to 4 0 0 The sample for IT ◦ target and SEM analysis was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except for ° C / hr. The surface structure of the sample for analysis was determined by SEM observation as shown in Fig. 3, and the intermediate compound portion of Fig. 3 was used. The results are shown in Fig. 4. The results of measuring the density, the elliptical length-to-minor axis ratio, the shape and the average cross-sectional area of the intermediate compound particles are shown in Table 1. The results of the continuous discharge test in the same manner as in Example 1 are shown in the table. As shown in Fig. 1. A number of abnormal discharges occurred. (Comparative Example 2) An IT target was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the cooling rate was changed from 1 600 ° C to 120 (TC was changed to 1 〇 (TC / hour). The sample for SEM analysis was used. The results of measuring the density, the elliptical length-to-minor axis ratio, the shape, and the average cross-sectional area of the intermediate compound particles are shown in Table 1. The results of the continuous discharge test in the same manner as in Example 1 are shown in Table 1. A large number of abnormal discharges occurred. (Comparative Example 3) The same as Example 1 except that the sintering temperature was 1,500 ° C and the temperature drop rate from 1,500 ° C to 1 200 ° C was changed to 100 ° C / hr. Method for making samples for IT 0 target and SEM analysis. Density, elliptical length and short axis ratio of intermediate compound particles, shape and paper size are applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (please read the back) Please fill out this page again)
衣· 、11Clothing·11
-14- 1254083 A7 B7 五、發明説明(0 平均斷面積的結果如表1所示。又與實施例1相同進行連 續放電試驗之結果如表1所示。結果發生多次異常放電。 表1 密度 [%] 橢圓長 短軸比 凹面存在比 [%] 平均斷面積 [μ m 2] 累積計算 異常放電 [次] 兔施例1 99.7 2.17 87 3.72 121 實施例2 99.7 2.16 86 3.85 133 實施例3 99.8 2.15 85 4.03 155 實施例4 99.8 2.12 83 4.88 192 實施例5 99.8 2.16 86 3.81 131 比較例1 99.7 1.7 70 6.21 375 比較例2 99.8 2.02 78 7.15 398 比較例3 99.8 1.6 69 5.01 366 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)-14- 1254083 A7 B7 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (The results of the average sectional area are shown in Table 1. The results of the continuous discharge test in the same manner as in Example 1 are shown in Table 1. As a result, a plurality of abnormal discharges occurred. Density [%] Ellipse length axis than concave surface ratio [%] Average sectional area [μ m 2] Cumulative calculation of abnormal discharge [times] Rabbit Example 1 99.7 2.17 87 3.72 121 Example 2 99.7 2.16 86 3.85 133 Example 3 99.8 2.15 85 4.03 155 Example 4 99.8 2.12 83 4.88 192 Example 5 99.8 2.16 86 3.81 131 Comparative Example 1 99.7 1.7 70 6.21 375 Comparative Example 2 99.8 2.02 78 7.15 398 Comparative Example 3 99.8 1.6 69 5.01 366 (Please read the back Please fill out this page again)
t 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 〔發明之效果〕 藉由本發明可提供異常放電發生少,且基板上微粒附 著降低之I T〇濺鍍靶。 〔圖面之簡單說明〕 〔圖1〕係表示實施例1製得之I T 0濺鍍靶之表面 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) -15- !254〇83 A7 ----~_______^ 五、發明説明( 結構圖。 〔圖2〕係表示相當於圖1之中間化合物粒子以黑色 袠不部分的圖。 〔圖3〕係表示比較例1製得之I T〇濺鍍靶之表面 結構圖。 〔圖4〕係表示相當於圖3之中間化合物粒子以黑色 表示部分的圖。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)t Printing by the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Employees' Consumption Cooperatives [Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an I T 〇 sputtering target in which abnormal discharge occurs less and the fine particles on the substrate are lowered. [Simple description of the drawing] [Fig. 1] shows the surface of the IT 0 sputtering target prepared in Example 1. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -15- !254〇 83 A7 ----~_______^ V. Description of the invention (Structure diagram. [Fig. 2] shows a graph corresponding to the middle compound particles of Fig. 1 in black. [Fig. 3] shows that Comparative Example 1 is obtained. The surface structure of the IT 〇sputter target. [Fig. 4] shows a portion corresponding to the intermediate compound particles in Fig. 3 in black. (Please read the notes on the back and fill out this page)
、1T Λ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 尺 張 -紙 本 N C /V 準 標 家 國 j國 t 用 一適 A4, 1T Λ Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Bureau employee consumption cooperative printing ruler Zhang - paper N C / V standard standard home country j country t with a suitable A4
一釐 公 7 9 2 X 6One centimeter public 7 9 2 X 6
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JP4601539B2 (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2010-12-22 | 中国電力株式会社 | Method for producing coal ash sintered body using coal ash powder as raw material |
JP4562664B2 (en) * | 2006-02-07 | 2010-10-13 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | ITO sintered body and ITO sputtering target |
JP2007231381A (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-13 | Tosoh Corp | Ito sputtering target and production method therefor |
JP5091414B2 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2012-12-05 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | ITO sintered body, sputtering target material, sputtering target, and method for producing sputtering target material |
JP4686776B2 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2011-05-25 | Dowaエレクトロニクス株式会社 | ITO powder and manufacturing method thereof, coating material for ITO conductive film, and transparent conductive film |
KR100787635B1 (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2007-12-21 | 삼성코닝 주식회사 | Indium tin oxide target, method of manufacturing the same and transparent electrode manufactured by using the same |
JP5309975B2 (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2013-10-09 | 東ソー株式会社 | Sintered body for transparent conductive film, sputtering target and method for producing the same |
KR20170011772A (en) | 2015-07-24 | 2017-02-02 | 희성금속 주식회사 | Preparation method of ito sputtering target and the ito sputtering target prepared thereby |
KR102001051B1 (en) | 2016-11-04 | 2019-07-17 | 엘티메탈 주식회사 | Preparation method of igzo sputtering target and igzo sputtering target prepared thereby |
CN113735565B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-11-15 | 深圳市众诚达应用材料科技有限公司 | Low-tin-content ITO sputtering target material, preparation method and thin-film solar cell |
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JP3693191B2 (en) * | 1995-10-30 | 2005-09-07 | 日立金属株式会社 | Indium oxide-based sintered body, method for producing the same, and indium oxide-based target |
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