1248523 五、發明說明（1) [發明的技術領域] 本發明係關於具有受控制之光散射及透過特性的光學積 層體。 [習知技術] 在反射型液晶顯示裝置或半透過型液晶顯示裝置中，一 般而言’使入射光透過液晶層並在反射膜反射，再透過液 晶層使顯示圖像進入觀看者之眼睛內時，液晶層之表面及 /或液晶層及反射層間會配置光學薄膜使光散射，而可以 更廣之視角來辨識圖像。亦稱爲光散射或光擴散。 獲得光擴散之方法上，例如，利用透明微粒子分散於塑 膠薄膜中使光散射之方法、及利用塑膠薄膜之表面的粗面 化使光散射之方法爲其代表。 又’亦有人提出一種方法，就是具有分散分布雙折射特 性不同之微小區域的雙折射薄膜重疊體（日本特開平1 i _ 1 742 1 1號公報）。 亦有人提出其他構想，亦即，使微小晶體區域分散分布 於高分子薄膜中，而獲得該微小區域及其他部份具有不同 折射率而具有光散射性之薄膜（日本特開平UdMHO號公 報、日本特開2000-266936號公報、日本特開2000-275437 號公報等）。 又，亦有人提出，在實施如前述之薄膜的積層時所使用 之粘著劑中，含有折射率和前述粘著劑不同之塡料的方法 (曰本特開平1 1 -2237 1 2號公報） 1248523 五、發明說明（2) [發明所欲解決之問題] 然而，前述之光散射方法，基本上，因爲任一種皆爲等 向光散射，未使用背光之反射式液晶畫面會有圖像較暗的 缺點。 針對此，市面上銷售一種光擴散薄膜，該光擴散薄膜係 高分子薄膜，且其薄膜厚度方向會形成多數之圓柱狀的高 折射率區域。利用此種光擴散薄膜，可利用光之入射角度 來實現可選擇之視角/擴散性能。 的確，利用此擴散薄膜，和等向散射型之傳統散射薄膜 等相比，在特定視角可得到相對較明亮之圖像。 然而，例如行動電話等在入射光較少之場所亦會使用之 液晶顯示裝置，尤其是反射式或半透過式液晶顯示裝置， 在正面亮度之提升以及廣視角之辨試性之雙方，都期望能 具有較高明度之圖像。 本發明就是爲解決傳統技術上之課題，故本發明之目的 在於提供一種光學積層體，具有在大於傳統之廣視角可提 供更明亮圖像之選擇性光擴散性、以及集光性。 [解決問題之手段] 本發明爲了達成前述目的而提供下述構想。 (1) 一種光學積層體，其特徵爲：由使光散射透過之折 射率不同的二相所構成，且折射率較大之一相含有光擴散 薄膜、及光散射層，前述光擴散薄膜含有具沿薄膜厚度方 向延伸之柱狀構造的多數區域，前述光散射層則可使光散 -4- 1248523 五、發明說明（5) 3。此種圓柱狀高折射率區域3具有圓柱透鏡之機能，以 垂直薄膜…亦即和圓柱之軸線平行入射之光，具有如半値 寬約10〜20度的高斯分布散射。第1(a)圖之光擴散薄膜1 中，對薄膜1之入射角較大，而以相對於圓柱軸線爲較大 傾斜角度入射時，光會失去散射性而呈現高透過性。例 如，以45度〜60度之角度入射至薄膜表面的光，會在幾 乎不會發生散射之狀態下透過。 第1(b)圖係以垂直角度（入射角〇度）入射至薄膜表面之 光在透過此薄膜時之出射角透過光的強度。透過光強度爲 高斯分布，可以此半値寬來表示散射之寬度、選擇性。第 1(b)圖中之半値寬爲1〇°。 利用此種選擇性光散射透過特性，並將其應用於反射' 式、半反射式液晶顯示面板等時，正面視野之亮度具有選 擇性高反射性。 本發明之光擴散薄膜的柱狀構造剖面形狀尺寸並無特別 限制，但以1 0 n m〜1 0 0 # m之範圍內爲佳。 本發明之光擴散薄膜的柱狀構造形成方法並無特別限 制，可以選擇使用傳統上眾所皆知的方法，但以對具有感 放射線性之高分子薄膜實施選擇式放射線照射來形成高折 射率之柱狀構造的方法爲佳。高分子薄膜在放射線照射前 可以爲預聚合物或單體，必要時，在放射線照射後以加熱 等方法實施聚合亦可。感放射線性高分子薄膜之柱狀構造 的形成上，係利用形成期望圖案之遮罩以對感放射線性高 1248523 五、發明說明（6) 分子薄膜照射放射線方式在感放射線性高分子薄膜上形 成。遮罩之形成方法則使用眾所皆知之傳統光石版印刷 法。此外，亦可對感放射線性高分子薄膜實施放射線之掃 描照射來直接形成感放射線區域。又，亦可以採用以雷射 束或其他方法在高分子薄膜上實施打孔，並在孔內充塡高 折射率材料的方法。 又，具有柱狀構造之區域的形成及配向上，並未限定爲 圓形面及垂直薄膜的方向，亦可爲橢圓或其他剖面形狀之 柱狀構造，其形狀尺寸亦無需一定，又，柱狀構造亦可以 相對於薄膜之傾斜角而互相平行。又，平行程度則只要實 質上平行即可。 利用放射線照射形成高折射率區域之感放射線性高分子 薄膜的材料，並無特別限制，例如，可使用杜邦（DuPont) 公司在市面上銷售之OMNIDEX(登錄商標）、HRF 150及 HRF 600。 局分子薄膜母材及局折射率區域之折射率，本發明並無 特別限制，會應考量和使用之光學元件等其他構件之一致 性，應爲1.2〜1.8之範圍內、較佳爲1.35〜1.8之範圍 內、最佳則爲1.4 8左右之折射率。雙折射率時，會因著色 而較不適用，但若爲容許雙折射率之用途，則存在雙折射 率亦可。高分子薄膜母材及高折射率區域本身應爲高光透 過性之材料。雖然，高分子薄膜母材及高折射率區域之折 射率差愈大愈好，然而，將折射率差設定爲0.005〜0.2之 1248523 五、發明說明（7) 範圍內。折射率差爲0.005以下時，不易獲得充分之散射 特性。 高分子薄膜母材及高折射率區域之折射率，在此二相之 界面爲急速變化亦可，然而，因漸進式變化可得到期望之 散射特性，故最好爲漸進式變化。 本發明之光擴散薄膜的膜厚並無特別限制，一般爲約2 // m〜約1 00 // m之範圍內，應配合用途實施適當的選擇。 (光散射層） 其次，進行本發明之光散射層的說明。 本發明之光散射層可槪略稱爲具等向光散射性質之光透 過層。此種光散射層可以習知技術中記載之各種方法製 造，然而，一般之構成係光透過性樹脂基體內含有塡料， 尤其是，將基體樹脂當做粘著劑者，因可簡單形成和光擴 散薄膜之黏著積層而較佳。然而，本發明之光散射層本身 具有粘著性並非必要條件，使用另外之粘著劑（配合需要 之粘著劑以外的黏著劑）黏著積層光擴散薄膜及光散射層 (亦即，光散射薄膜）亦可，亦可在光擴散薄膜上以構成光 散射層之樹脂組成物的成形（例如，擠壓成型、塗敷）來形 成’或不使用粘著層而只以光擴散薄膜及光散射層（亦 即，光散射薄膜）之積層來形成。 又，本發明之光學積層體中，並未限定光擴散薄膜及光 散射層爲直接接觸積層者，如前面所述，其中間或外側可 以存在1或2以上之層及/或薄膜。 1248523 五、發明說明（8 ) 第2(a)圖係粘著劑或基體樹脂含有塡料之光散射層的模 式剖面圖，第2(b)圖顯示和第1(b)圖相同之散射強度。 又，將第1(b)圖及第2(b)圖進行比較，和第1(a)圖之光擴 散薄膜1的選擇性散射特性（特定寬度內之散射）不同，在 全體入射角都會呈現散射特性。 本發明之光散射層只要具有第2(b)圖所示之透過光強度 特性的層即可，並無特別限制，可以採用含有分散之透明 微粒子的塑膠薄膜、以及含有不同雙折射特性之微小區域 的複折射薄膜或其重疊體或由含有分散分布著高分子形成 之微小晶體區域的同一高分子所構成之高分子薄膜等，然 而，最好採用粘著劑內含有塡料之層。粘著劑層時，經由 粘著劑，和光散射層相接積層而成之層、薄膜、或其他光 學要素之間（光散射層及光擴散薄膜之間以外，尙包括光 散射層及光擴散薄膜以外之薄膜或層，例如，和反射板之 間）會產生空間，而容易防止光透過效率降低，故可容易 提高液晶顯示裝置之圖像對比及辨識性。 此種光散射層因可以將來自較廣角度之入射光以較廣角 度散射，故亦具有提高較廣視面之辨識性的效果。 構成光散射層之粘著劑的實例上，如聚酯樹脂、環氧系 樹脂、聚胺甲酸酯、矽系樹脂、丙烯酸酯系樹脂等樹脂。 可單獨使用亦可混合2種以上使用。尤其是，以丙烯酸酯 系樹脂爲佳，因其具有耐水性、耐熱性、耐光性等優良信 賴度，黏著力及透明性亦佳且容易將折射率調整爲適合液 -10- 1248523 五、發明說明（9) 晶顯示器。丙烯酸酯系粘著劑則如共聚物及其酯、甲基現 烯酸及其酯、丙烯醯胺、丙烯腈等丙烯酸單體之單獨聚合 物或其共聚合物、以及至少一種前述丙燒酸單體和、醋酸 乙烯、順丁烯二酸酐、苯乙烯等芳香族乙烯基單體之單獨 聚合物的共聚合物。尤其是具有粘著劑之乙烯-丙烯酸 酯、丙烯酸丁酯、2-乙基已酯等主單體、凝聚力成分之醋 酸乙烯、丙烯腈、丙烯醯胺、苯乙烯、基丙烯烯酸酯、丙 烯甲酯等之單體、以及可提高黏著力或附與（架橋化）起點 之甲基現烯酸、丙烯酸、分解烏頭酸、甲基丙烯酸羥乙 酯、甲基丙烯酸羥丙酯、甲基丙醯酸二甲胺基乙酯、丙燒 醯胺、羥甲基丙烯醯胺、甲基丙烯酸環氧丙酯、順丁烯二 酸酐等含有官能基單體所構成之聚合物，以Tg(玻璃轉化 點）爲-60°C〜-15°C之範圍、重量平均分子量爲200,〇〇〇〜 1，000,000之範圍爲佳。 粘著劑硬化劑方面，如金屬螫合物類、異氰酸酯類、環 氧系之交聯劑，必要時，可使用1種或使用2種以上之、混 合。此種丙烯酸系粘著劑在含有後面所述之塡料狀態下*， 最好將粘著力調配爲100〜2,000g/25mm之範圍。黏著力 爲100g/25mm以下時，耐環境性會較差，尤其是可能在高 溫高濕時產生剝離，相反的，超過2,000g/25mm時，則無 法重貼或即使可重貼亦有粘著劑殘留之問題。丙烯酸系米占 著劑之折射率應爲1.4 5〜1 · 7 0之範圍、1 . 5〜1 · 6 5之範圍 更佳。 -11- 1248523 五、發明說明（1 0 ) 以使光散射爲目的而構成光散射層之塡料的一般實例， 如矽石、碳酸鈣、氫氧化鋁、氫氧化鎂、白土、滑石、二 氧化鈦等無機系白色頻料、丙烯酸樹脂、聚苯乙烯樹脂、 環氧樹脂、矽樹脂等有機系之透明或白色顏料等。選擇丙 烯酸系粘著劑時，最好選擇具有本發明規定之折射率差的 矽粒、環氧樹脂粒，因其對丙烯酸系粘著劑具有優良分散 性，故可獲得均一且良好之光散射性。又，塡料之形狀亦 以光散射均一之球狀塡料爲佳。 此種塡料之粒子徑應爲0.1〜20.0// m之範圍，0.5〜 10.0//m之範圍更佳。尤其是，最好爲1.0〜10.0/zm之範 圍。粒子徑小於0.1 μ m時，不易發揮含有塡料之效果， 而容易使光散射性降低，在圖像之背景上產生鋁色。又， 爲了獲得紙白性，入須使光分散得較細，然而粒子徑超過 2 0.0// m時，容易因爲粒子太粗而使畫面之背景呈現皺紋 狀，進而降低紙白性而使圖像對比惡化。 本發明之塡料的折射率，相對於粘著劑之差必須爲〇.〇5 〜0.5，最好爲0.05〜0.3。折射率差小於0.05，則無法得 到光散射性，而無法獲得良好紙白性。又’折射率差大於 0.5，則內部散射太大’全光線透過率會變差’而無法得 到紙白性。又，塡料之折射率最好低於粘著劑之折射率’ 因容易調整且生產性佳。 相對於本發明光散射層粘著劑之塡料含有量’應爲1·0 〜40.0重量百分率，最好爲3·0〜20重量百分率。塡料含 -1 2- 1248523 五、發明說明（12) 光散射薄膜內含有之塡料方面，以塑膠粒爲佳，尤其是 透明度高、和基體樹脂之折射率差爲前述數値者更佳。此 種塑膠粒可使用三聚氰胺粒（折射率；1.5 7)、丙烯酸粒（折射 率；1.49)、丙烯酸-苯乙烯粒（折射率；1.54)、聚碳酸脂粒、 聚苯乙烯粒、氯乙烯粒等。又，氧化鈽（以02折射率；1.63) 等無機系塡料亦可。氧化鈽時，可以取得5nm程度之微粒 子。如前面所述，適當選擇這些塡料粒徑爲5nm〜50// m 者。 將透光性塡料當做前面所述之有機塡料添加時，因有機 塡料容易在樹脂組成物中產生沈澱，亦可以防止沈澱爲目 的而添加矽石等無機塡料。又，雖然添加愈多無機塡料愈 有防止有機塡料沈澱之效果，然而，對塗膜之透明性卻會 產生不良影響。故，最好添加例如0.1重量百分率以上、 10重量百分率以下之粒徑爲0.5// m以下的無機塡料來防 止沈澱。 纖維素系樹脂之折射率槪略爲1.46〜1.54之範圍內，然 而，和塡料之折射率比較，使用之樹脂的折射率較低時， 可在光散射薄膜上添加可保持薄膜之散射性程度的 Ti02(折射率；2.3 〜3.7)、Y203(折射率；1.87)、La203(折射 率：^彡:^冗⑴^折射率^力纟丨等^周高折折射率。 (含光擴散薄膜及光散射層之光學薄膜及積層體） 首先，說明本發明良好實施形態之光學薄膜。 第3 (a)圖係本發明之模式剖面圖，由具有前述光擴散特 -14- 1248523 五、發明說明（13) 性之、光散射透過折射率不同的二相所構成，且折射率較 大之一相含有光擴散薄膜11、及光散射粘著劑層1 2，前 述光擴散薄膜11含有具沿薄膜厚度方向延伸之柱狀構造 的多數區域，前述光散射粘著劑層1 2則可使光散射透 過。第3(b)圖則係以粘著劑（最好爲黏著劑）15黏著和第 3 (a)圖相同之光擴散薄膜11及非黏著性光散射薄膜14的 光學薄膜16之模式剖面圖。第3(c)圖則係第3(a)、（b)圖 之光學薄膜所具有之和第1(b)圖及第2(b)圖所示相同的透 過光強度。本發明之光學薄膜1 3、1 6中，由光擴散薄膜 11所得之透過光強度第1(b)圖、及光散射粘著劑層12或 散射薄膜14所得之透過光強度第1(b)圖的和，即可得到 透過光強度第3(b)圖。利用此方式，可兼具利用選擇性散 射特性來提高正面亮度、以及穩定之散射特性來提升視角 之辨識性。 如前面所述，本發明之光學積層體中，光擴散薄膜及光 散射層並無直接接觸積層的必要，其中間或外側亦可存在 1或2種以上之其他構成層或薄膜。中間或外側之層或薄 膜，可以爲偏光薄膜、防止反射薄膜、位相差薄膜、；I /2 薄膜、λ /4薄膜、濾波器、保護層、液晶層、發光層、電 極層、及具有或不具其他光學機能之光透過性的層或薄 膜。又，若爲光擴散薄膜及光散射層之外側時，可以包括 光不透過性或反光射性之層或薄膜等。又，光擴散薄膜及 光散射層不必各爲1層，而可爲2層以上。1248523 V. INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical layered body having controlled light scattering and transmission characteristics. [Inventional Technology] In a reflective liquid crystal display device or a transflective liquid crystal display device, generally, "incident light is transmitted through a liquid crystal layer and reflected by a reflective film, and then transmitted through a liquid crystal layer to cause a display image to enter a viewer's eyes. When the surface of the liquid crystal layer and/or the liquid crystal layer and the reflective layer are disposed with an optical film to scatter light, the image can be recognized from a wider viewing angle. Also known as light scattering or light diffusion. In the method of obtaining light diffusion, for example, a method of scattering light by dispersing transparent fine particles in a plastic film, and a method of scattering light by roughening the surface of the plastic film are representative. Further, a method has been proposed in which a birefringent film overlap having a small area in which birefringence characteristics are dispersed and distributed is disclosed (JP-A No. 1 742 1 1). Other ideas have been proposed, that is, a microcrystalline region is dispersed in a polymer film to obtain a thin film having a different refractive index and a light scattering property in the micro region (Japanese Patent Publication No. UdMHO Bulletin, Japan) JP-A-2000-266936, JP-A-2000-275437, and the like. Further, a method of using a binder having a refractive index different from that of the above-mentioned adhesive in the adhesive used for laminating the film as described above has been proposed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei No. 11-22371-2 1248523 V. INSTRUCTIONS (2) [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the light scattering method described above basically, since any of them is isotropic light scattering, there is an image of a reflective liquid crystal screen that does not use a backlight. Darker shortcomings. In view of this, a light-diffusing film which is a polymer film and which has a plurality of columnar high refractive index regions formed in the film thickness direction is commercially available. With such a light diffusing film, the angle of incidence of light can be utilized to achieve selectable viewing angle/diffusion performance. Indeed, with this diffusion film, a relatively bright image can be obtained at a specific viewing angle as compared with a conventional scattering film of an isotropic scattering type or the like. However, liquid crystal display devices, such as mobile phones, which are also used in places where there is less incident light, especially reflective or semi-transmissive liquid crystal display devices, are expected to be both in the improvement of the front luminance and the discrimination of the wide viewing angle. Can have higher brightness images. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the conventional art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an optical layered body having selective light diffusibility and concentrating property which can provide a brighter image than a conventional wide viewing angle. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides the following concept in order to achieve the above object. (1) An optical layered body comprising: a two-phase having different refractive indices through which light is scattered, and a phase having a larger refractive index contains a light-diffusing film and a light-scattering layer, and the light-diffusing film contains A plurality of regions having a columnar structure extending in the thickness direction of the film, and the light-scattering layer can cause light dispersion -4- 1248523 5. Invention (5) 3. Such a cylindrical high refractive index region 3 has a function as a cylindrical lens, and a vertical film, that is, light incident parallel to the axis of the cylinder, has a Gaussian distribution scattering of about 10 to 20 degrees in width. In the light-diffusing film 1 of Fig. 1(a), when the incident angle to the film 1 is large and the light is incident at a large oblique angle with respect to the cylinder axis, the light loses scattering and exhibits high permeability. For example, light incident on the surface of the film at an angle of 45 to 60 degrees is transmitted in a state where scattering is hardly caused. Fig. 1(b) shows the intensity of light transmitted through the exit angle of light incident on the surface of the film at a vertical angle (incidence angle). The transmitted light intensity is Gaussian, and the width and selectivity of the scattering can be expressed by the half width. The width of the half inch in Figure 1(b) is 1〇°. By utilizing such selective light-scattering transmission characteristics and applying it to a reflective '-type, semi-reflective liquid crystal display panel or the like, the brightness of the front field of view has selective high reflectivity. The columnar structure cross-sectional shape of the light-diffusing film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 10 n m to 1 0 0 # m. The columnar structure forming method of the light-diffusing film of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method can be selected, but selective radiation irradiation is performed on a polymer film having a radiation sensitivity to form a high refractive index. The method of columnar construction is preferred. The polymer film may be a prepolymer or a monomer before radiation irradiation, and if necessary, polymerization may be carried out by heating or the like after radiation irradiation. In the formation of the columnar structure of the radiation-sensitive polymer film, a mask having a desired pattern is formed to form a radiation-sensitive high 1248523. 5. Description of the invention (6) Formation of a molecular film by radiation on a radiation-sensitive polymer film . The method of forming the mask uses the well-known conventional lithographic printing method. Further, the radiation-sensitive polymer film may be subjected to radiation scanning irradiation to directly form a radiation-sensitive region. Further, a method of performing punching on a polymer film by a laser beam or other methods and filling the hole with a high refractive index material may be employed. Moreover, the formation and the matching direction of the region having the columnar structure are not limited to the direction of the circular surface and the vertical film, and may be a columnar structure of an elliptical or other cross-sectional shape, and the shape and size thereof are not necessarily required, and the column The configuration may also be parallel to each other with respect to the inclination angle of the film. Also, the degree of parallelism is as long as it is substantially parallel. The material for the radiation-sensitive polymer film which forms the high refractive index region by radiation is not particularly limited. For example, OMNIDEX (registered trademark), HRF 150 and HRF 600 which are commercially available from DuPont (DuPont) can be used. The refractive index of the local molecular film base material and the refractive index region is not particularly limited, and the consistency between other components such as optical components to be considered and used should be in the range of 1.2 to 1.8, preferably 1.35~ Within the range of 1.8, the best is about 1.4 8 refractive index. In the case of birefringence, it is less suitable for coloring, but if it is used for the purpose of allowing birefringence, the birefringence may be present. The polymer film base material and the high refractive index region itself should be high light transmissive materials. The refractive index difference between the polymer film base material and the high refractive index region is preferably as large as possible. However, the refractive index difference is set to 0.005 to 0.223, which is within the range of the invention (7). When the refractive index difference is 0.005 or less, it is difficult to obtain sufficient scattering characteristics. The refractive index of the polymer film base material and the high refractive index region may be a rapid change at the interface between the two phases. However, since the desired scattering characteristics are obtained by the gradual change, it is preferable to gradually change. The film thickness of the light-diffusing film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is generally in the range of from about 2 // m to about 1 000 // m, and should be appropriately selected in accordance with the application. (Light Scattering Layer) Next, the description of the light scattering layer of the present invention will be carried out. The light scattering layer of the present invention may be referred to simply as a light transmissive layer having isotropic light scattering properties. Such a light-scattering layer can be produced by various methods described in the prior art. However, in general, the light-transmitting resin matrix contains a coating material, and in particular, the matrix resin is used as an adhesive because it can be easily formed and diffused. It is preferred that the film is adhesively laminated. However, it is not essential that the light-scattering layer of the present invention itself has adhesiveness, and an additional adhesive (adhesive other than the required adhesive) is used to adhere the laminated light-diffusing film and the light-scattering layer (that is, light scattering). The film may also be formed on the light-diffusing film by forming (for example, extrusion molding, coating) a resin composition constituting the light-scattering layer, or by using an adhesive layer and only a light-diffusing film and light. A layer of a scattering layer (that is, a light scattering film) is formed. Further, in the optical layered body of the present invention, the light-diffusing film and the light-scattering layer are not limited to those which are in direct contact with the laminate. As described above, one or more layers and/or films may be present in the middle or the outer side. 1248523 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (8) Figure 2(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-scattering layer containing an adhesive or a matrix resin containing a coating, and Figure 2(b) shows the same scattering as that of Figure 1(b) strength. Further, comparing the first (b) and the second (b), the selective scattering characteristics (scattering within a specific width) of the light-diffusing film 1 of the first (a) are different at the entire incident angle. Shows scattering characteristics. The light-scattering layer of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a light transmission intensity characteristic as shown in Fig. 2(b), and a plastic film containing dispersed transparent fine particles and a minute having different birefringence characteristics can be used. A birefringent film of a region or a superposed body thereof or a polymer film composed of the same polymer containing a microcrystalline crystal region in which a polymer is dispersed and distributed is used. However, it is preferable to use a layer containing a binder in the adhesive. In the case of the adhesive layer, a layer, a film, or another optical element formed by laminating the light-scattering layer via an adhesive (between the light-scattering layer and the light-diffusing film, the light-scattering layer and the light diffusion) A film or layer other than the film, for example, and a reflecting plate, generates a space, and it is easy to prevent a decrease in light transmission efficiency, so that image contrast and visibility of the liquid crystal display device can be easily improved. Such a light scattering layer has an effect of improving the visibility of a wider viewing surface because it can scatter light from a wider angle of incident light at a wider angle. Examples of the adhesive constituting the light-scattering layer include resins such as polyester resins, epoxy resins, polyurethanes, oxime resins, and acrylate resins. They may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In particular, an acrylate-based resin is preferred because it has excellent reliability such as water resistance, heat resistance, and light resistance, and has excellent adhesion and transparency, and is easy to adjust the refractive index to a suitable liquid. -10- 1248523 Description (9) Crystal display. Acrylate adhesives such as copolymers and esters thereof, methyl enoic acid and esters thereof, individual polymers of acrylic monomers such as acrylamide, acrylonitrile or copolymers thereof, and at least one of the aforementioned propionic acid A copolymer of a monomer and a separate polymer of an aromatic vinyl monomer such as vinyl acetate, maleic anhydride, or styrene. In particular, a main monomer such as ethylene-acrylate, butyl acrylate or 2-ethylhexyl ester having an adhesive, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, styrene, acrylated acrylate, propylene, and a cohesive component. a monomer such as a methyl ester, and a methyl enoic acid, an acrylic acid, an aconitic acid, a hydroxyethyl methacrylate, a hydroxypropyl methacrylate, a methyl propyl group which can improve the adhesion or a (bridge) starting point. a polymer composed of a functional group-containing monomer such as dimethylaminoethyl phthalate, propyl decylamine, hydroxymethyl acrylamide, propylene methacrylate or maleic anhydride, in Tg (glass) The conversion point is in the range of -60 ° C to -15 ° C, the weight average molecular weight is 200, and the range of 〇〇〇 1,000,000 is preferable. In the case of the adhesive curing agent, for example, metal chelates, isocyanates, and epoxy-based crosslinking agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Such an acrylic adhesive is preferably contained in a range of 100 to 2,000 g / 25 mm in a state in which it is described later. When the adhesion is 100g/25mm or less, the environmental resistance will be poor, especially if it is peeled off at high temperature and high humidity. On the contrary, when it exceeds 2,000g/25mm, it cannot be re-applied or even if it can be reattached. Residual problem. The refractive index of the acrylic rice-based agent should be in the range of 1.4 5 to 1 · 70, and the range of 1.5 to 1 · 6 5 is more preferable. -11- 1248523 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (10) General examples of materials for forming a light-scattering layer for the purpose of light scattering, such as vermiculite, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, clay, talc, titanium dioxide An organic white transparent material such as an inorganic white material, an acrylic resin, a polystyrene resin, an epoxy resin or a enamel resin. When an acrylic adhesive is selected, it is preferable to select a ruthenium particle or an epoxy resin particle having a refractive index difference prescribed by the present invention, and since it has excellent dispersibility for an acrylic adhesive, uniform and good light scattering can be obtained. Sex. Further, the shape of the dip is also preferably a spherical divergence with uniform light scattering. The particle diameter of such a dip material should be in the range of 0.1 to 20.0 / / m, and the range of 0.5 to 10.0 / / m is more preferable. In particular, it is preferably in the range of 1.0 to 10.0/zm. When the particle diameter is less than 0.1 μm, the effect of containing the dip is less likely to occur, and the light scattering property is easily lowered to produce an aluminum color on the background of the image. In addition, in order to obtain the whiteness of the paper, the light must be dispersed finely. However, when the particle diameter exceeds 2 0.0//m, the background of the picture is likely to be wrinkled due to the particle being too thick, thereby reducing the whiteness of the image. Like the contrast deteriorates. The refractive index of the coating material of the present invention must be 〇5 ～ 0.5, preferably 0.05 to 0.3, with respect to the difference between the adhesives. When the refractive index difference is less than 0.05, light scattering properties cannot be obtained, and good whiteness cannot be obtained. Further, if the refractive index difference is more than 0.5, the internal scattering is too large, and the total light transmittance is deteriorated, and the whiteness cannot be obtained. Further, the refractive index of the coating material is preferably lower than the refractive index of the adhesive agent because it is easy to adjust and has good productivity. The stock content of the light-scattering layer adhesive of the present invention should be from 1.00 to 40.0% by weight, preferably from 3.8 to 20% by weight.塡料含-1 2- 1248523 V. Description of invention (12) In the light scattering film, it is preferable to use plastic granules, especially those with high transparency and the difference in refractive index of the matrix resin. . Such plastic pellets can be used with melamine particles (refractive index; 1.5 7), acrylic particles (refractive index; 1.49), acrylic-styrene particles (refractive index; 1.54), polycarbonate particles, polystyrene particles, vinyl chloride particles. Wait. Further, an inorganic cerium such as cerium oxide (refractive index of 02; 1.63) may be used. When cerium oxide is used, fine particles of about 5 nm can be obtained. As described above, those having a particle size of 5 nm to 50//m are appropriately selected. When the light-transmitting material is added as the organic material described above, the organic material is likely to precipitate in the resin composition, and an inorganic material such as vermiculite can be added for the purpose of preventing precipitation. Further, the more the inorganic mash added, the more the effect of preventing the precipitation of the organic mash, but the transparency of the coating film is adversely affected. Therefore, it is preferable to add, for example, 0.1% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less of the inorganic cerium having a particle diameter of 0.5 / / m or less to prevent precipitation. The refractive index of the cellulose resin is slightly in the range of 1.46 to 1.54. However, when the refractive index of the resin used is lower than that of the pigment, the light scattering film can be added to maintain the scattering property of the film. The degree of Ti02 (refractive index; 2.3 to 3.7), Y203 (refractive index; 1.87), La203 (refractive index: ^彡: ^ redundancy (1) ^ refractive index ^ force 纟丨, etc. ^ high refractive index. (including light diffusion Optical film and laminate of thin film and light-scattering layer) First, an optical film according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described. Fig. 3 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention, having the aforementioned light-diffusion feature -14 - 1248523 [Explanation of the Invention] (13) The light-scattering transmission is composed of two phases having different refractive indices, and one of the larger refractive indices contains the light-diffusing film 11 and the light-scattering adhesive layer 12, and the light-diffusing film 11 contains In a plurality of regions having a columnar structure extending in the thickness direction of the film, the light-scattering adhesive layer 12 can scatter light, and the third (b) is an adhesive (preferably an adhesive). Bonding the light diffusing film 11 and the non-adhesive diffusing light which are the same as in the third (a) A schematic cross-sectional view of the optical film 16 of the film 14. The third (c) figure is the optical film of the third (a) and (b) and the first (b) and the second (b). The same transmitted light intensity is obtained. In the optical film 13 and 16 of the present invention, the transmitted light intensity obtained by the light diffusing film 11 is obtained from the light intensity first layer (b), the light scattering adhesive layer 12 or the scattering film 14. By the sum of the light intensity 1(b), the transmitted light intensity is shown in Fig. 3(b). In this way, the selective scattering characteristics can be used to improve the front brightness and the stable scattering characteristics to enhance the viewing angle. As described above, in the optical laminate of the present invention, the light-diffusing film and the light-scattering layer are not required to directly contact the laminate, and one or more other constituent layers or films may be present in the middle or the outer side. The intermediate or outer layer or film may be a polarizing film, an antireflection film, a phase difference film, an I/2 film, a λ/4 film, a filter, a protective layer, a liquid crystal layer, a light emitting layer, an electrode layer, and Or a light-transmissive layer or film that does not have other optical functions. Outward diffusion film and light-scattering layer, the light may include not. Further, the light diffusing film and the light scattering layer is not necessary for each one layer of permeable radioactive or other reflecting layer or film, but may be two or more layers.
-15- 1248523 五、發明說明（14) 其次，這些複數之層或薄膜不必互相黏著。亦可積層於 光學裝置上。 然而，本發明之最佳實施形態則是光擴散薄膜及光散射 層之一體化積層的光學薄膜。 又，光擴散薄膜及光散射層之一體化積層的光學薄膜 中，可利用在光散射粘著劑層積層脫模薄膜而製品化，使 用於光學裝置時，可剝離脫模薄膜後使用。 本發明之光學薄膜或積層體，最適合應用爲液晶顯示裝 置一尤其是反射式或半透過式液晶顯示裝置之光學薄膜或 積層體。 第4圖及第5圖係液晶顯示裝置之實例。在形成電極 (圖上未標示）之玻璃基板21、22間存在著液晶層23，光 擴散薄膜及光散射層之積層體的光學薄膜24，一般會配置 於光入射側之玻璃基板22上（第4圖），或是配置於光反射 側之玻璃基板2 1之下的反射膜25表面（第5圖）。使用位 相差板26、偏光薄膜27時，一般會配置於光學薄膜24之 外側。光學薄膜24亦可配置於雙方，又，液晶顯示裝置 之構成並未限定爲圖示實例。相對於構成此種液晶顯示裝 置之位相差板26、偏光薄膜27、電極層、以及液晶層， 以任意順序組合配置光擴散薄膜及光散射層而成之積層體 中，本發明提供之光擴散薄膜明顯可獲得正面選擇性光擴 散特性及光散射層之等向散射透過特性雙方。 以行動電話做爲液晶顯示裝置之實例進行說明，使用圖 -16- 1248523 六、申請專利範圍 3所示之光學薄膜，在如第6圖所示之行動電話3 1的顯示 畫面32設置光學薄膜33可得到最佳散射特性。此種行動 電話時，使用者34注視行動電話3 1時，可以利用從使用 者背後上方至正.面上方之廣泛範圍的入射光35，而且，因 液晶顯示元件而反射時，可以使用者34之方向爲主而獲 得選擇性散射集光反射。此種散射反射特性在觀看行動電 話顯示畫面等最常利用之形態中，可提高圖像之亮度。 [實施例] (實施例1) 參照第7圖。在聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜4 1塗敷厚 度 50// m 之杜邦（DuPont)公司製 OMNIDEX、HRF6042 當做 感光性聚合物，以硬接觸法使具圓形孔圖案之遮罩43密 合於此感光性聚合物層42之表面。又，遮罩之圓形孔圖 案的尺寸爲500nm〜30//m之範圍內，平均爲2//m。 以透鏡系統將水銀燈發出之紫外線44集合成平行光， 從遮罩43之上方對法線成90度之照射角度執行選擇性照 射。照射時間爲數秒至數分。其後，以120°C實施1小時 加熱處埋。 結果，獲得具有遮罩之孔圖案的剖面構造，在薄膜法線 方向具有柱狀構造之高折射率區域的光擴散薄膜。光擴散 薄膜之高分子基體的折射率爲1.47，高折射率區域之折射 率爲1.52。 -17- 1248523 五、發明說明（彳6) 在相對於折射率1.50之丙烯酸系粘著劑100重量百分 率之添加量爲1.5重量百分率之異氰酸酯系硬化劑（D-90 總硏化學社製）的基底塗料中，添加塡料，利用攪拌機實 施1小時攪拌。將製成之粘著劑以乾燥後之厚度爲25 // m 之方式塗敷於38 μ m之脫模板（PET380 1、LINTEC公司 製），實施乾燥形成光散射層後，在光散射層上貼合38 // m 之脫模板（K-1 4、帝人公司製），得到光散射粘著劑板。此 時，前述塡料爲矽樹脂粒、折射率1.4 3、平均粒徑1.0 // m、含有量3%，又，光散射層之HAZE値爲25。將此光散 射粘著劑貼合於前述光擴散薄膜上，即可得到本發明之光 學薄膜。 以下述方式測量以前述方式得到之光學薄膜的透過散射 特性。如第8圖所示，使光源53之光入射至配置著反射 板52之光學薄膜5 1，改變光檢波器54之位置測量從薄膜 51反射回來的出射光，求取反射光（出射光）之方向及角度 (相對於入射光之前進方向的方向及角度）及散射反射光強 度的關係。又，利用改變光學薄膜5 1之光源53的角度， 可以改變入射光之入射方向及角度，並相同地分別求取 (出射光）之方向及角度（相對於入射光之前進方向的方向及 角度）及散射反射光強度的關係。入射光及反射光之方向 及角度的定義，係如前述參照第1圖〜第3圖實施之說 明，其重點在於，反射角〇之反射光強度爲進入使用者之 眼睛內的光強度。 -18- 1248523 五、發明說明（17) 第9(a)圖係光以相對於光學薄膜51之垂線方向的低角 度入射時的散射反射光強度，第9(b)圖則係光以相對於光 學薄膜51之垂線方向的高角度入射時的散射反射光強 度。不論那一種，薄膜正面之散射反射光強度都較高、且 在相對較廣之角度亦較佳，此外，確認在整個薄膜正面側 之廣角度皆可觀察到整體相對較高之散射反射強度。反射 光不但可以有效地集合於正面而提高正面亮度，即使相對 於薄膜之法線方向而具有角度之部份，亦可獲得適度的亮 度，亦即，可獲得較廣視角之辨識性。 (實施例2) 又，除了塡料之矽樹脂粒的含有量爲2%以外，其餘和 實施例1相同，得到雰度（HAZE)値15之光散射粘著劑。 和實施例1相同，評價反射散射特性。 和實施例1相同，反射光不但可以有效地集合於正面而 提高正面亮度，即使相對於薄膜之法線方向而具有角度之 部份，亦可獲得適度的亮度，亦即，可獲得較廣視角之辨 識性。 (實施例3) 在相對於折射率1.50之丙烯酸系粘著劑1〇〇重量百分 率之添加量爲1.5重量百分率之異氰酸酯系硬化劑（D-90 總硏化學社製）的基底塗料中，添加塡料，利用攪拌機實 施1小時攪拌。將製成各塗料以乾燥後之厚度爲25 μ m之 方式利用點塗布器（comma coatei·)塗敷於38 // m之脫模板 -19- 1248523 五、發明說明（μ) (PET3 801、LINTEC公司製），實施乾燥形成光散射層後， 在光散射層上貼合38 // m之脫模板（K-14、帝人公司製）， 得到光散射粘著劑板。此時，前述塡料爲環氧樹脂塡料、 折射率1.59、平均粒徑5.5 // m、含有量3%以上，又，光 散射層之HAZE値爲30。將此板貼合於前述光擴散薄膜 上，即可得到本發明之光學薄膜。 和實施例1相同，評價反射散射特性。 和實施例1相同，反射光不但可以有效地集合於正面而 提高正面亮度，即使相對於薄膜之法線方向而具有角度之 部份，亦可獲得適度的亮度，亦即，可獲得較廣視角之辨 識性。 (實施例4) 又’除了塡料之環氧樹脂粒的含有量爲2%以外，其餘 和實施例3相同，得到HAZE値19之光散射粘著劑。利用 脫模板將此光散射粘著劑貼合於前述光擴散薄膜上，得到 本發明之光學薄膜。 和實施例1相同，評價反射散射特性。 和實施例1相同，反射光不但可以有效地集合於正面而 提高正面亮度’即使相對於薄膜之法線方向而具有角度之 部份’亦可獲得適度的亮度，亦即，可獲得較廣視角之辨 識性。 (比較例） 針對傳統之單純光散射薄膜（本積層本發明之光擴散薄 -20- 1248523 五、發明說明（21) 34…使用者（眼睛） 3 5…入射光 41…PET薄膜 · 4 2…感光性聚合物層 4 3…遮罩 44…紫外線 5 2…反射板 53…光源 5 4…光檢波器 -23--15- 1248523 V. INSTRUCTIONS (14) Second, these plural layers or films do not have to be adhered to each other. It can also be laminated on an optical device. However, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is an optical film in which a light-diffusing film and a light-scattering layer are integrally laminated. Further, in the optical film in which the light-diffusing film and the light-scattering layer are integrally laminated, the release film can be laminated by using a light-scattering adhesive layer, and when used in an optical device, the release film can be peeled off and used. The optical film or laminate of the present invention is most suitably used as an optical film or laminate of a liquid crystal display device, particularly a reflective or transflective liquid crystal display device. 4 and 5 are examples of liquid crystal display devices. The liquid crystal layer 23 is present between the glass substrates 21 and 22 on which the electrodes (not shown) are formed, and the optical film 24 of the laminated body of the light-diffusing film and the light-scattering layer is generally disposed on the glass substrate 22 on the light incident side ( Fig. 4) or the surface of the reflection film 25 disposed under the glass substrate 21 on the light reflection side (Fig. 5). When the phase difference plate 26 and the polarizing film 27 are used, they are generally disposed outside the optical film 24. The optical film 24 may be disposed on both sides, and the configuration of the liquid crystal display device is not limited to the illustrated example. The light diffusion provided by the present invention is provided in a laminate in which a light-diffusing film and a light-scattering layer are arranged in combination in any order with respect to the phase difference plate 26, the polarizing film 27, the electrode layer, and the liquid crystal layer constituting the liquid crystal display device. The film is clearly capable of obtaining both front side selective light diffusion characteristics and isotropic scattering characteristics of the light scattering layer. An example in which a mobile phone is used as a liquid crystal display device is described. The optical film shown in Patent Application No. 3 is used in Fig. 16- 1248523. The optical film is disposed on the display screen 32 of the mobile phone 3 1 as shown in Fig. 6. 33 can get the best scattering characteristics. In such a mobile phone, when the user 34 looks at the mobile phone 31, it is possible to use a wide range of incident light 35 from the upper rear of the user to the upper side of the front surface, and when the user reflects the liquid crystal display element, the user 34 can be used. The direction is dominant and selective scattering concentrating reflection is obtained. Such a scattering reflection characteristic improves the brightness of an image in a form that is most commonly used, such as viewing a mobile phone display screen. [Examples] (Example 1) Refer to Fig. 7. The polyethylene terephthalate film 41 was coated with a thickness of 50//m. DuPont (manufactured by DuPont) OMNIDEX, HRF6042 as a photosensitive polymer, and a mask having a circular hole pattern by hard contact method 43 It is in close contact with the surface of the photosensitive polymer layer 42. Further, the size of the circular hole pattern of the mask is in the range of 500 nm to 30 / / m, and the average is 2 / / m. The ultraviolet light 44 emitted from the mercury lamp is collected into parallel light by a lens system, and selective illumination is performed from the upper side of the mask 43 to the normal angle of 90 degrees. The irradiation time is from a few seconds to several minutes. Thereafter, it was heated at 120 ° C for 1 hour and buried. As a result, a cross-sectional structure having a mask pattern of a mask was obtained, and a light-diffusing film having a columnar structure in a high refractive index region in the normal direction of the film was obtained. The refractive index of the polymer matrix of the light-diffusing film was 1.47, and the refractive index of the high refractive index region was 1.52. -17- 1248523 V. INSTRUCTION OF THE INVENTION (彳6) An isocyanate-based curing agent (manufactured by D-90 Corporation) manufactured by adding an amount of 1.5% by weight based on 100% by weight of the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive having a refractive index of 1.50. In the base paint, a crucible was added, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour using a stirrer. The prepared adhesive was applied to a 38 μm stripper (PET380 1 , manufactured by LINTEC Co., Ltd.) after drying to a thickness of 25 // m, and dried to form a light-scattering layer on the light-scattering layer. A 38* m stripping template (K-1 4, manufactured by Teijin Co., Ltd.) was attached to obtain a light scattering adhesive sheet. At this time, the above-mentioned tanning material was a resin particle, a refractive index of 1.4 3, an average particle diameter of 1.0 // m, a content of 3%, and a HAZE of the light-scattering layer of 25. The optical scattering film of the present invention can be obtained by laminating the light-scattering adhesive on the light-diffusing film. The transmission scattering characteristics of the optical film obtained in the foregoing manner were measured in the following manner. As shown in Fig. 8, the light of the light source 53 is incident on the optical film 51 on which the reflecting plate 52 is disposed, and the position of the photodetector 54 is changed to measure the emitted light reflected from the film 51, and the reflected light (exit light) is obtained. The relationship between the direction and angle (the direction and angle with respect to the direction in which the incident light is incident) and the intensity of the scattered reflected light. Further, by changing the angle of the light source 53 of the optical film 51, the incident direction and angle of the incident light can be changed, and the direction and angle of the (exit light) can be obtained in the same manner (the direction and angle with respect to the forward direction of the incident light) ) and the relationship between the intensity of scattered reflected light. The definition of the direction and angle of the incident light and the reflected light is as described above with reference to Figs. 1 to 3, and the emphasis is on the intensity of the reflected light at the reflection angle 为 as the intensity of light entering the eyes of the user. -18- 1248523 V. INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION (17) Figure 9(a) shows the intensity of scattered reflected light when incident at a low angle with respect to the perpendicular direction of the optical film 51, and Figure 9(b) shows the relative light. The intensity of scattered reflected light when incident at a high angle in the perpendicular direction of the optical film 51. Either way, the intensity of the scattered reflected light on the front side of the film is high, and it is also preferable at a relatively wide angle. Further, it has been confirmed that a relatively high scattering reflection intensity is observed at a wide angle on the front side of the entire film. The reflected light can be effectively concentrated on the front side to improve the front brightness, and even if it has an angle with respect to the normal direction of the film, a moderate brightness can be obtained, that is, a wide viewing angle can be obtained. (Example 2) A light-scattering adhesive having a degree of atmosphere (HAZE) of 15 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of the resin particles was 2%. The reflection scattering characteristics were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. As in the first embodiment, the reflected light can be efficiently collected on the front side to increase the front brightness, and even if it has an angle with respect to the normal direction of the film, moderate brightness can be obtained, that is, a wider viewing angle can be obtained. Identification. (Example 3) A base coating material of an isocyanate-based curing agent (D-90, manufactured by D.K.) was added in an amount of 1.5% by weight based on the weight percent of the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive having a refractive index of 1.50. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour using a stirrer. Each of the coatings was applied to a thickness of 25 μm after drying using a dot coater (comma coatei) to apply a stripping template of 38 // m. 19- 1248523 5. Invention Description (μ) (PET3 801, After drying to form a light-scattering layer, a 38/m stripping template (K-14, manufactured by Teijin Co., Ltd.) was bonded to the light-scattering layer to obtain a light-scattering adhesive sheet. At this time, the above-mentioned coating material was an epoxy resin crucible, a refractive index of 1.59, an average particle diameter of 5.5 // m, a content of 3% or more, and a HAZE of the light-scattering layer of 30. The optical film of the present invention can be obtained by laminating the plate on the above light-diffusing film. The reflection scattering characteristics were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. As in the first embodiment, the reflected light can be efficiently collected on the front side to increase the front brightness, and even if it has an angle with respect to the normal direction of the film, moderate brightness can be obtained, that is, a wider viewing angle can be obtained. Identification. (Example 4) A light-scattering adhesive of HAZE® 19 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the content of the epoxy resin particles was 2%. The light-scattering adhesive is bonded to the light-diffusing film by a stripper to obtain an optical film of the present invention. The reflection scattering characteristics were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. In the same manner as in the first embodiment, the reflected light can be efficiently collected on the front side to improve the front luminance 'even if it has an angle with respect to the normal direction of the film', a moderate brightness can be obtained, that is, a wider viewing angle can be obtained. Identification. (Comparative Example) For a conventional simple light-scattering film (this laminated layer of the light diffusing thin film of the present invention -20- 1248523 V. Invention description (21) 34...user (eye) 3 5...incident light 41...PET film·4 2 ...photosensitive polymer layer 4 3...mask 44...ultraviolet 5 2...reflector 53...light source 5 4...photodetector-23-