1244602 (1) 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於商品分配系統等，特別是關於藉由使用 以時間單位所籌畫的製造計劃，有效率地將已完成之商品 分配至客戶。 【先前技術】 於製造家電製品等商品之製造公司，商品是以時間單 位完成。將這些已完成之商品存入製造公司的倉庫，而成 爲可出貨的狀態。 在每次出貨方面，1天1趟左右從倉庫發出配送車輛 ，並搬出客戶已下單的商品。 在此，所謂的客戶是指電氣製品的零售店或量販店等 ，從製造公司直接或經由販賣公司等購入商品的企業等。 作爲如上述之效率化商品配送物流的發明，有以下的 供應鏈管理系統。 【專利文獻1】日本特開2003 -48 62 1 本發明，是根據由流通業者所提供之實際販賣資訊， 產生完成品需求預測資訊，並根據此，對零件供給業者詢 問零件供給交貨期限。然後，根據零件供給業者的回答估 算完成品的交貨期限並通知流通業者。 又，作爲傳達商品交貨期限之發明，有以下的商品販 賣裝置。 【專利文獻2】日本特開2002-243 5 2 1244602 (2) 本發明，是在接單之前也對客戶傳達交貨期限’當客 戶已下訂單時，在已傳達之交貨期限將商品直接配送至客 戶者。 【發明內容】 [發明所欲解決之課題] 由製造公司提供之製造計劃，是以日期時間資料提供 的，所以無法得知在該日所生產之商品是否趕得及該曰的 出貨。 亦即，即使爲同日所生產之商品，趕上配送車輛的發 車者，變成該日發送；沒有趕上發車者，變成次日發送。 爲此，即使有客戶詢問交貨期限，也只能提供槪略的 交貨期限。 因此，本發明的目的，是提供以時間單位掌握出貨的 同時，可以將以時間單位所生產之商品有效率地分配至客 戶的商品分配系統等。 [解決課題之手段] 爲了達到上述目的，本發明是提供一種商品分配系統 ，其特徵係具備：取得由所定商品成爲可出貨之可出貨時 間、及可出貨數量、與截止上述商品之出貨請求的集貨截 止時間所構成之出貨預定資訊的出貨預定資訊取得手段， 和從訂購上述商品之訂購客戶取得並記憶訂購數量的訂購 資訊取得手段，和根據上述已取得之出貨預定資訊，選擇 -6- 1244602 (3) 所定之集貨截止時間的集貨截止時間選擇手段，和將上述 出貨預定資訊中’尙未分配至客戶之未分配商品，以上述 所選擇之集貨截止時間爲基點朝回朔時間方向檢索的檢索 手段，和當上述所檢索之商品的數量，爲上述已記憶之訂 購數量時’將所檢索到之商品分配至上述訂購客戶的分配 手段，和使用上述分配手段之分配結果，將訂購客戶與商 品分配附加對應而成之分配資訊予以更新並記憶的分配資 訊記憶手段（第1構成）。 在第1構成中，上述訂購資訊取得手段，更取得期望 交貨日期與收件處，並具備特定朝上述所取得之收件處的 運送路徑，算出將上述商品以上述特定之運送路徑運送之 所需時間的所需時間算出手段；上述集貨截止時間選擇手 段係使用上述所算出之所需時間，選擇上述商品比上述所 取得之期望交貨期限更早到達上述收件處的最遲集貨截止 時間（第2構成）。 在第2構成中，使用上述集貨截止時間選擇手段所選 擇之集貨截止時間，上述檢索手段進行過檢索的結果’當 上述被檢索之商品數量沒有達到上述已記憶之訂購數量時 ，上述集貨截止時間選擇手段’在屬於比上述所選擇之集 貨截止時間更爲未來，且最接近現在的集貨截止時間點’ 選擇上述檢索手段所檢索之商品達到訂購數量之集貨截止 時間（第3構成）。 在第1構成中，上述分配資訊記憶手段，係對於多數 種類之商品是各商品獨立而進行訂購客戶與商品的對應附 -7- 1244602 (4) 加，且具備：當上述所取得之出貨預定資訊中所含的資訊 之至少一部份被變更時，將包含成爲變更對象之資訊的出 貨預定資訊予以特定的出貨預定資訊特定手段’和使用變 更後之資訊將上述已特定之出貨預定資訊，從其他出貨預 定資訊獨立出來並予以更新的出貨預定資訊更新手段，和 使用上述已更新之出貨預定資訊，將上述商品再次分配至 上述訂購客戶的再次分配手段（第4構成）。 在第4構成中，具備對於以上述再次分配手段進行分 配之商品以外的商品，進行交貨期限回答的交貨期限回答 手段（第5構成）。 在第1構成中，具備預測各上述商品之所定期間的販 賣預測數量的販賣預測手段，且具備將以上述出貨預定資 訊所預定出貨之商品的至少一部分的可出貨時間’以使得 可出貨數量是能按照上述所預測之販賣預測數量的方式而 朝未來方向平移的平移手段（第6構成）° 在第1構成中，具備與客戶附帶關係之發配額度資訊 中，設定上述客戶可能訂購上述商品之可訂購數量資訊的 可能數量設定手段，和將上述可訂購數量資訊被設定之發 配額度資訊予以記憶的發配額度資訊記憶手段’和更新手 段；上述分配手段，是以對上述訂購客戶附帶關係之發配 額度資訊的可訂購數量資訊所特定之可訂購數量作爲上限 ，並將上述訂購數量分配至上述訂購客戶，而上述更新手 段是使用上述分配之數量，將上述發配額度貪W之可δ丁購 數量資訊，更新爲特定出分配後之可訂購數量的資訊（第 -8- 1244602 (5) 7構成）。 本發明是提供一種商品分配方法，其特徵是在具備出 貨預定資訊取得手段、訂購資訊取得手段、集貨截止時間 選擇手段、檢索手段、和分配手段的電腦上，由以下步驟 而構成：以上述出貨預定資訊取得手段，將由：所定商品 成爲可出貨之可出貨時間、及可出貨數量、與截止上述商 品之出貨請求的集貨截止時間所構成之出貨預定資訊予以 取得的出貨預定資訊取得步驟，和以上述訂購資訊取得手 段，從訂購上述商品之訂購客戶取得訂購數量並記憶之訂 購資訊取得步驟，和以上述集貨截止時間選擇手段，根據 上述所取得之出貨預定資訊，選擇所定之集貨截止時間的 集貨截止時間選擇步驟，和以上述檢索手段，將上述出貨 預定資訊中，尙未分配至客戶之未分配商品，以上述所選 擇之集貨截止時間爲基點朝回朔時間的方向進行檢索的檢 索步驟，和以上述分配手段，當上述所檢索之商品的數量 爲上述所記憶之訂購數量時，將所檢索到之商品分配至上 述訂購客戶的分配步驟，和以上述分配資訊記憶手段，使 用在上述分配手段之分配結果，將訂購客戶與商品之分配 附加對應而成之分配資訊予以更新並記憶的分配資訊記憶 步驟（第8構成）。 在第8構成中’上述電腦具備所需時間算出手段，並 在上述訂購資訊取得步驟中’上述訂購訊取得手段係更取 得期望交貨期限與收件處，並具備：上述所需時間算出手 段，特定朝上述所取得之收件處的運送路徑，並算出將上 -9- 1244602 (6) 述商品以上述所特定之運送路徑運送之所需時間的所需時 間算出步驟；在上述集貨截止時間選擇步驟中，上述集貨 截止時間選擇手段係使用上述算出之所需時間，選擇出上 述商品比上述所取得之期望交貨期限更早到達上述收件處 的最遲集貨截止時間（第9構成）。 在第9構成中，使用以上述集貨截止時間選擇步驟所 選擇之集貨截止時間，在上述檢索步驟中進行檢索的結果 ，當上述被檢索之商品的數量沒有達到上述所記憶之訂購 數量時，在上述集貨截止時間選擇步驟中，在屬於較上述 所選擇之集貨截止時間更爲未來，且最接近現在的集貨截 止時間點，選擇出上述檢索手段所檢索之商品達到訂購數 量之集貨截止時間（第1 0構成）。 在第8構成中，上述電腦具備出貨預定資訊特定手段 、出貨預定資訊更新手段、和再次分配手段；上述分配資 訊記憶手段，係對於多數種類之商品，是各商品獨立地進 行訂購客戶與商品之對應附加，並具備當上述已取得之出 貨預定資訊中所含的資訊之至少一部份被變更時，以上述 出貨預定資訊特定手段，將包含成爲變更對象之資訊的出 貨預定資訊予以特定的出貨預定資訊特定步驟，和以上述 出貨預定資訊更新手段，使用變更後之資訊而將上述已特 定之出貨預定資訊，從其他出貨預定資訊獨立出來並予以 更新之出貨預定資訊更新步驟，和上述再次分配手段使用 上述已更新之出貨預定資訊，將上述商品再次分配至上述 訂購客戶之再次分配步驟（第1 1構成）。 -10- 1244602 (7) 在第8構成中，上述電腦具備交貨期限回答手段，並 具備對於在上述再次分配步驟中進行分配之商品以外的商 品，以上述交貨期限回答手段，進行交貨期限回答的交貨 期限回答步驟（第12構成）。 在第8構成中，上述電腦具備販賣預測手段、平移手 段，並具備：以上述販賣預測手段，預測各上述商品之所 定期間的販賣預測數量的販賣預測步驟，和將以上述出貨 預定資訊來預定出貨之商品的至少一部分的可出貨時間， 以上述平移手段，以使得可出貨數量是按照上述所預測之 販賣預測數量的方式，往未來方向平移的平移步驟（第 1 3構成）。 在第8構成中，上述電腦，具備可能數量設定手段、 發配額度資訊記憶手段、和更新手段，並具備··已對客戶 附帶關係之發配額度資訊中，將上述客戶可能訂購上述商 品之可訂購數量資訊，以上述可能數量設定手段予以設定 的可能數量設定步驟，和以上述發配額度資訊記憶手段， 將上述可訂購數量資訊被設定之發配額度資訊予以記憶的 發配額度資訊記憶步驟，和在上述分配步驟中，以對上述 訂購客戶附帶關係之發配額度資訊的可訂購數量資訊所特 定之可訂購數量作爲上限，將上述訂購數量分配至上述訂 購客戶，再以上述更新手段，使用上述已分配數量，將上 述發配額度資訊的可訂購數量資訊，更新爲特定出分配後 之可訂購數量之資訊的更新步驟（第1 4構成）。 又，本發明提供一種以電腦實現之商品分配程式，是 -11 - 1244602 (8) 具備··將由：所定商品成爲可出貨之可出貨時間、及可出 貨數量與截止上述商品之出貨請求的集貨截止時間，所構 成之出貨預定資訊予以取得的出貨預定資訊取得功能，和 從訂購上述商品之訂購客戶取得訂購數量並記憶的訂購資 訊取得功能，和根據上述所取得之出貨預定資訊’選擇所 定之集貨截止時間的集貨截止時間選擇功能’和將上述出 貨預定資訊中，尙未分配至客戶之未分配商品’以上述所 選擇之集貨截止時間爲基點朝回朔時間方向進行檢索的檢 索功能，和當上述所檢索之商品的數量’爲上述已記憶之 訂購數量時，將所檢索到之商品’分配至上述訂購客戶的 分配功能，和使用在上述分配功能之分配結果’將訂購客 戶與商品之分配附加對應而成之分配資訊予以更新並記憶 的分配資訊記憶功能（第1 5構成）。 在第1 5構成中，上述訂購資訊取得功能’更取得期 望交貨期限與收件處，更實現：特定出送往上述所取得之 收件處的運送路徑，算出將上述商品以上述特定運送路徑 運送之所需時間的所需時間算出功能’上述集貨截止時間 選擇功能是使用上述算出之所需時間，選擇出上述商品比 上述所取得之期望交貨期限更早到達上述收件處的最遲集 貨截止時間（第16構成）。 在第1 6構成中，使用上述集貨截止時間選擇功能所 選擇之集貨截止時間，上述檢索功能進行過檢索之結果’ 當上述所檢索之商品數量沒有達到上述已記憶之自了購數星 時，上述集貨截止時間選擇功能，係在屬於比上述所選擇 -12- 1244602 (9) 之集貨截止時間更爲未來，且最接近現在之集貨截止時間 點，選擇出上述檢索功能檢索之商品達到訂購數量的集貨 截止時間（第1 7構成）。 在第1 5構成中，上述分配資訊記憶功能，係對於多 數種類之商品，爲各商品獨立地進行訂購客戶與商品之對 應附加，且以上述電腦實現以下功能：當上述所取得之出 貨預定資訊中所含的資訊之至少一部份被變更時，將包含 成爲變更對象之資訊的出貨預定資訊予以特定之出貨預定 資訊特定功能，和使用變更後之資訊’而將上述已特定之 出貨預定資訊從其他出貨預定資訊獨立出來並予以更新之 出貨預定資訊更新功能，和使用上述已更新之出貨預定資 訊，將上述商品再次分配至上述訂購客戶的再次分配功能 (第1 8構成）。 在第1 8構成中，以上述電腦實現：對於以上述再次 分配功能進行分配之商品以外的商品，進行交貨期限回答 之交貨期限回答功能（第1 9構成）。 在第1 5構成中，以上述電腦實現：預測各上述商品 之所定期間的販賣預測數量的販賣預測功能，和將以上述 出貨預定資訊所預定之出貨的商品之至少一部分的可出貨 時間，以使得可出貨數量是按照上述所預測之販賣預測數 量的方式，往未來方向平移之平移功能（第20構成）。 在第1 5構成中，以上述電腦實現：是在對客戶附帶 關係之發配額度資訊中，設定上述客戶可能訂購上述商品 之可訂購數量資訊的可能數量設定功能，和將上述可訂購 -13- 1244602 (10) 數量資訊被設定之發配額度資訊予以記憶的發配額度資訊 記憶功能，和更新功能；上述分配功能’是將以對上述訂 購客戶附帶關係之發配額度資訊的可訂購數量資訊所特定 之可訂購數量作爲上限，而將上述訂購數量分配至上述訂 購客戶，上述更新功能，係使用上述已分配之數量，將上 述發配額度資訊的可訂購數量資訊，更新爲特定出分配後 之可訂購數量的資訊（第2 1構成）。 又，本發明是提供一種記憶有商品分配程式之電腦可 讀取之記憶媒體，是可令電腦實現以下功能：將由：所定 商品成爲可出貨之可出貨時間、及可出貨數量與截止上述 商品之出貨請求的集貨截止時間，所構成之出貨預定資訊 予以取得的出貨預定資訊取得功能，和從訂購上述商品之 訂購客戶取得訂購數量並記憶之訂購資訊取得功能’和根 據上述所取得之出貨預定資訊，選擇所定之集貨截止時間 的集貨截止時間選擇功能，和將上述出貨預定資訊中，尙 未分配至客戶之未分配商品，以上述所選擇之集貨截止時 間爲基點朝回朔時間方向進行檢索之檢索功能，和當上述 所檢索之商品的數量，爲上述已記憶之訂購數量時，將所 檢索到之商品，分配至上述訂購客戶的分配功能，和使用 在上述分配功能之分配結果，將訂購客戶與商品分配附加 對應而成之分配資訊予以更新並記憶的分配資訊記憶功能 (第22構成）。 在第22構成中，上述訂購資訊取得功能，更取得期 望交貨期限與收件處，更實現：特定出送往上述所取得之 -14- 1244602 (11) 收件處的運送路徑，算出將 運送之所需時間的所需時間 選擇功能，係使用上述算出 比上述所取得之期望交貨期 集貨截止時間（第23構成） 在第22構成或第23構 選擇功能所選擇之集貨截止 索之結果，當上述所檢索之 憶之訂購數量時，上述集貨 比上述所選擇之集貨截止時 之集貨截止時間點，選擇出 訂購數量的集貨截止時間（ 在第22、23或24構成 係對於多數種類之商品，爲 商品之對應附加，且以電腦 之出貨預定資訊中所含的資 包含成爲變更對象之資訊予 預定資訊特定功能，和使用 定之出貨預定資訊，從其他 更新之出貨預定資訊更新功 預定資訊，將上述商品再次 配功能（第25構成）。 在第2 5構成中，以電 功能進行分配之商品以外的 上述商品以上述特定運送路徑 算出功能，上述集貨截止時間 之所需時間，選擇出上述商品 限更早到達上述收件處的最遲 〇 成中，使用上述集貨截止時間 時間，上述檢索功能進行過檢 商品的數量沒有達到上述所記 截止時間選擇功能，係在屬於 間更爲未來，且在最接近現在 上述檢索功能檢索之商品達到 第24構成）。 中，上述分配資訊記憶功能， 各商品獨立地進行訂購客戶與 實現以下功能：當上述所取得 訊之至少一部份被變更時，將 以特定的出貨預定資訊之出貨 變更後之資訊，而將上述已特 出貨預定資訊獨立出來並予以 能，和使用上述已更新之出貨 分配至上述訂購客戶的再次分 腦實現：對於以上述再次分配 商品，進行交貨期限回答之交 -15- (12) 1244602 貨期限回答功能（第26構成）。 在第22至26之任一構成中，以上述電腦實現：預測 各上述商品之所定期間的販賣預測數量之販賣預測功能， 和將以上述出貨預定資訊所預定之出貨的商品之至少一部 分的可出貨時間，以使得可出貨數量是按照上述所預測之 販賣預測數量的方式，往未來方向平移之平移功能（第 27構成）。 在第22至27之任一構成中，以上述電腦實現：在對 客戶附帶關係之發配額度資訊中，設定上述客戶可訂購上 述商品之可訂購數量資訊的可能數量設定功能，和將上述 可訂購數量資訊被設定之發配額度資訊予以記憶的發配額 度資訊記憶功能，和更新功能；上述分配功能，係將以對 上述訂購客戶附帶關係之發配額度資訊的可訂購數量資訊 所特定之可訂購數量作爲上限，而將上述訂購數量分配至 上述訂購客戶，上述更新功能係使用上述已分配之數量， 將上述發配額度資訊的可訂購數量資訊，更新爲特定出分 配後之可訂購數量的資訊（第28構成）。 [發明效果] 可以將預定出貨之商品，對應於出貨時間有效率地分 配至客戶。 【實施方式】 (實施形悲之槪要） -16- 1244602 (13) 管理中心5 (第1圖），係使用販賣預測系統，以週 單位預測各商品所必要之生產數量，通知製造公司。製造 公司籌劃生產計劃滿足預測數量（預測値），並將商品之 入庫預定通知管理中心5。若商品入庫則成爲可出貨狀態 〇 管理中心5將已被通知預定入庫的商品，於入庫前預 先分配至收件處。 被發配之發配數量，是在有客戶（商品的零售店等） 訂購時，對應於該訂購設定可能之上限値者，例如，依據 各地區的販賣預測、客戶的優先程度、或者預先設定各客 戶之比率，而由管理中心5決定。 詳細說明容後敘述，而發配數量是被設定爲可以柔性 對應客戶之訂購的方式而成階層構造（第4圖），從下層 往上層方向，對應訂單分配至客戶。 將商品從倉庫送達至收件處的配送車輛，是由管理中 心5統一集中配車。 在各倉庫中’於每次出貨方面預先設定集貨截止時間 ，並每日定時發出配送車輛。配送車輛經過預先被定義之 運送路徑，並在裝卸據點裝卸載貨並送達收件處。 預先估計配送車輛通過運送路徑所必要的時間，並設 定集貨截止時間使配送車輛之間在裝卸據點可以幾乎同時 刻會合。 配送車輛遵照來自管理中心5之指示，進行載貨的裝 卸並送達至收件處。 -17- 1244602 (14) 如此，可以預先估計商品從倉庫出貨的時刻、以及運 送所必要的時間，而可以通知客戶正確的交貨期限。 又，管理中心5，將預定朝倉庫入庫之商品以時間單 位分配給客戶的訂單。 管理中心5，是預先得到從製造公司提供的時間單位 生產日程表，並以時間單位掌握預定入庫數量（第9圖） 〇 管理中心5從客戶取得訂購數量與期望交貨期限，特 定期望交貨期限前的最遲集貨截止時間，並將該集貨截止 時間作爲基點朝回朔時間方向，亦即朝現在的方向，將成 爲預定入庫之商品僅分配訂購數量給客戶。 如此，藉由在期望交貨期限內，且將最遲入庫的商品 分配至客戶，即使該客戶之後有更短交貨期限的訂單進來 也可以對應，而可以進行配合生產預定之有效率的分配。 以往，是將生產完畢的現存商品分配給客戶，但是本 實施形態中，是藉由將尙未生產的預定商品，計劃性地分 配至客戶，而使商品物流更有效率。 (實施形態的詳細敘述） 第1圖，是表示本實施形態的商品配送系統1之構成 的一例。 商品配送系統1爲例如將數位相機、錄影機、音響等 家電製品配送至販賣店的系統。 商品配送系統1，是由標準出貨區域2、商店配送區 -18- 1244602 (15) 域3、配送地區4、以及管理中心5所構成。 標準出貨區域2是將商品之製造公司的倉庫、或將海 外生產之商品於以裝卸並保管的倉庫等商品出貨起點的出 貨據點群，匯集成送往以下敘述之商店配送區域3的運送 前置期間（lead-time)相同者。 第1圖中，僅以1個表示標準出貨區域2，但例如東 京區域、或中京區域等，在全國的各地區有多數存在。 商店配送區域3，是將特定之前線據點爲基點進行配 送的地區，並將配送商品之區域以各地區劃分群組者。 在第1圖中，僅以1個表示商店配送區域3，但例如 關東甲越區域或中部區域等，在全國的各地區有多數存 在。 商店配送區域3中，設置配送車輛裝卸載貨的裝卸據 點，而配送車輛在裝卸據點依照管理中心5的指示裝卸載 貨，再朝下個裝卸據點或者收件處運送載貨。 配送地區4，是匯集來自商店配送區域3之運送前置 期限爲相同的商品的收件處並群組化者。 在第1圖中，僅以1個表示配送地區4，但在商店配 送區域3內有多數存在。 作爲收件處，例如有家電量販店的商店或配送中心、 個人經營的家電零售店、家電製品的批發業者等。 管理中心5，是將在商品配送系統i之商品物流統一 管理的組織，亦即使商品從標準出貨區域2到送達配送地 區4之間，毫無障礙地被運送的管理組織。 -19- 1244602 (16) 管理中心5進行販賣預測’估量應生產多少商品並通 知製造公司。如此，管理中心5在收到客戶購入商品的訂 單前委託製造公司。 又，在商品配送系統1中所謂的客戶，是指將製造公 司製造之商品在管理中心5的管理下購入者，例如，零售 店或量販店等，從製造公司直接販賣商品給消費者時，消 費者成爲客戶。 製造公司根據管理中心5所提供之預測數量，籌劃以 時間單位可以掌握生產數量的生產計劃。 管理中心5從該生產計劃，可以用時間單位掌握被入 庫而成可出貨商品的個數。 更者，關於該預定入庫的商品，管理中心5指定倉庫 的集貨截止時間、運送車輛的運送路徑，進行在裝卸據點 的裝卸指示。通常，集貨截止時間與運送路徑是被固定的 〇 預先估計運送車輛行走所需的時間，並設定運送車輛 在裝卸據點可於相同時刻會合的集貨截止時間。 如此，爲了將商品計劃性地配送，希望商品在被出貨 的時點，已經決定該商品的收件處。 爲此，管理中心5進行以下詳述之「使用發配額度構 造之發配處理」和「使用集貨截止時間之交貨期限管理」 兩種資訊處理。 「使用發配額度構造之發配處理」’是將以週單位所 生產之預定商品以販賣預測爲基準’預先分配至客戶的資 -20- 1244602 (17) 訊處理；「使用集貨截止時間之交貨期限管理」’是將以 時間單位出貨之商品，配合客戶的期望交貨期限有效率地 分配的資訊處理。如後所述’設定對客戶定義階層關係的 販賣框資訊。 以下，在說明這些資訊處裡之前先定義用語。 所謂「發配數量」，是指可以對應客戶訂購之商品個 數的上限値。 例如，客戶A的發配數量爲1 〇，客戶B的發配數量 爲5時，從客戶A的訂購中可以對應到1 0個爲止，從客 戶B的訂購可以對應至5個爲止。 所謂「發配」，是指對客戶設定發配數量。 例如，當客戶A與客戶B分別發配1 0和5，即對客 戶A、客戶B分別設定發配數量1 0和5。 且，在本實施形態中，如後所述般，是使用對客戶附 加對應關係之階層性的發配額度構造，並對該發配額度進 行發配。 所謂「扣抵」，是指有客戶訂購時，遵照所定的扣抵 規則，從該客戶的發配數量消費訂購數量者。 例如，發配數量1 0的客戶訂購3個時，從發配數量 1 〇消費3，扣抵後的發配數量變成7。該客戶還可以訂購 7個商品。 亦即’客戶僅有訂購發配數量之商品的權利，扣抵是 指行使該權利者。 換句話說’客戶有確保僅只發配數量之預定入庫商品 -21 - 1244602 (18) 的權利’藉由扣抵，確保僅只訂購數量（尙未生產）的商 品。 其次，利用第2圖說明管理中心5的系統構成。 這些系統構成爲一個例子，可使用〗台伺服器裝置來 實現，或者組合多數伺服器裝置來實現也可以。 管理中心5具備販賣預測系統7、框管理.扣抵系統 8、接早系統9等。 又’作爲ki應於標準出貨區域2、商店配送區域3、 配送地區4之企業的系統’也圖示製造公司系統1 2、配 迗公司系統1 3、販買公司系統1 4。這些系統可以介由網 路與管理中心5的系統進行通訊。 販賣預測系統7，是預測各商品細目之商品的販賣數 量的系統。 販買預測系統7，以週單位進行販賣預測，將預測結 果通知框管理·扣抵系統8與製造公司系統1 2。 販賣預測系統7預先儲存各商品細目的過去販賣業績 資料，並使用統計的手法預測販賣數量。 販賣預測系統7，除了所預測之販賣總數外，也可作 各地區、或各販買企業的販賣預測等，可由各種觀點預測 販賣數量。 再者’因爲販賣預測系統7算出之預測數量並不一定 命中’所以可由專門的承辦人配合實際情形修正預測數量 。可以使用眾所週知的軟體作爲構成販賣預測系統7之軟 體。 -22- 1244602 (19) 販賣預測系統7，將販賣總數的預測數量通知製造公 司系統1 2。製造公司使用該販賣總數籌劃生產日程表’ 並通知框管理·扣抵系統8。該生產日程表中，是以時間 單位設定預定入庫數量。 框管理·扣抵系統8，進行「使用發配額度構造之發 配處理」和「使用集貨截止時間之交貨期限管理」’並進 行預定入庫之商品的發配與扣抵。 框管理·扣抵系統8使用從販賣預測系統7所取得之 販賣預測，與從製造公司系統1 2所取得之入庫預定，將 預定入庫之商品發配至客戶。 又，框管理·扣抵系統8從接單系統9取得來自客戶 的接單資料，並從已發配之商品扣抵訂購數量給該客戶。 然後，將扣抵結果通知接單系統9。 接單資料中，包含特定客戶的資訊、特定訂購之商品 的資訊、訂購數量和期望交貨期限等。 更者，從配送公司系統1 3取得庫存資訊，並使用該 資訊及扣抵結果、發配結果，將出貨委託、出貨預定通知 配送公司系統1 3。 接單系統9，從販賣公司系統1 4接收客戶的接單資 料並提供給框管理·扣抵系統8，且從框管理β扣抵系統 8取得對於該接單之扣抵結果。 可介由網際網路_的網路從販賣公私系統]4接收訂 單，其他也可使用電話、傳真等。而已取得之訂單，作爲 接單資料被記憶。 -23- 1244602 (20) 接單系統9跟該扣抵結果計算交貨期限，並通知販賣 公司系統1 4。 又，交貨期限的計算也可以由框管理·扣抵系統8進 行。 第3圖，是表示販賣預測系統7所提供之販賣預測畫 面之一例的圖。 販賣預測承辦人可以操作顯示在顯示器上之販賣預測 畫面並取得各種的預測數量。 預測區域2 1，爲指定進行商品販賣預測之領域的欄 ，承辦人可從預先被設定之値選擇。 預測區域2 1，可以選擇進行販賣預測的範圍，例如 ，全國、關東地區、千代田區等各地區之外，也可選擇如 「ox相機」、「00法人」等客戶。 更者，也可如「OX相機 AND千代田區」般，取得 客戶與地區的雙方的邏輯積，得到各客戶與各地區的販賣 預測。 物品種類22，是指定商品種類的欄，例如「數位相 機」、「掌上型錄攝影機」、「電視機」等，承辦人可從 預先被準備之商品的種類選擇。 型號2 3，可以選擇對應於在物品種類2 2被指定之商 品種類的商品號碼。 藉由指定商品種類2 2與型號2 3，可以特定預測對象 之商品細目。 且，不指定型號23時，可以得到在商品種類22所指 -24 - 1244602 (21) 定之商品種類整體的預測數量。 預測數量顯示欄24，是顯示到前次的週爲止的實際 業績，與當週以後之預測數量的欄。且，當週以後的預測 數量中，附加底線表不。 項目「販賣預測數量」中，是顯示販賣預測系統7所 具備之預測模組，將過去的販賣實際業績或其他的値作爲 參數所算出的値。 該預測數量，爲依據統計的計算處理所算出者，可以 利用來作爲承辦人進行實際販賣數量的預測上的指標。 項目「實際販賣數量」中，是顯示將在「販賣預測數 量」之預測數量爲基準所設定之預測實際販賣數量。 該預測數量可由承辦人修正，而該預設數量加上機械 性的處理可以反映承辦人的判斷。 項目「市場庫存數量」中，是顯示現在市場上庫存保 管的商品數量。當週以後爲預測數量。該預測數量也可由 承辦人修正。 項目「出貨台數」中，是顯示該商品細目之市場上出 貨的台數。當週以後爲預測數量。 該預測數量，是以計算式「（當週的市場庫存）-( 上週的市場庫存數量）+(當週的實際販賣數量）」所算 出。 在第3圖的例子中，當週的出貨數爲：5,240= 1 5,3 77-1 1,640+ 1,467 ° 承辦人若變更當週之項目「實際販賣數量」以及「市 -25- 1244602 (22) 場庫存數量」’則項目「出貨台數」也更新爲依據變更後 之値所算出的値。 在圖例中，預測區域2 1爲「全國」所以當週的出貨 台數2 6，成爲從製造公司應被出貨之「數位相機型號 ABC 1 23 45」的台數。 販賣預測系統7，藉由對該數位相機之製造公司的製 造公司系統1 2發送該値，製造公司可以設定該數位相機 的生產目標台數。 販賣預測系統7針對各商品細目，算出當週、以及隔 週以後的出貨台數，並分別發訊給這些商品細目的製造公 司 〇 [使用發配額度構造之發配處理] 接著，針對使用框管理·扣抵系統8進行發配額度構 造之發配處理作說明。 第4圖，是表示框管理·扣抵系統8對客戶進行商品 發配時所使用之發配額度構造的一例。 發配額度構造，是以週單位產生各商品細目。圖中所 表示之發配額度構造30，是表示成爲型號ABC 1 23 4 5之 數位相機的某週的發配額度構造。 發配額度構造3 0，是形成於構成販賣預測系統7之 電腦的記憶體空間中，並可藉由顯示器等提示。 電腦之記憶裝置構成發配額度資訊設定手段。 發配額度構造3 0，如第4圖所表示，是附屬發配額 -26- 1244602 (23) 度名與發配數量之發配額度中依據定義階層關係所構成。 階層關係，是指由發配額度所屬之階層、位在發配額 度之正上方的發配額度（單數）、位在發配額度之正下方 的發配額度（單數、或複數）所定義之發配額度資訊，根 據該階層關係組合發配額度即構成階層構造。 在圖例中，最上層之發配額度，發配額度名爲「首位 (TOP )」，發配數量設定爲0 ◦以下，略記發配額度「 首位」等。 發配額度「首位」的下層（階層1 )中，設定發配額 度「常客法人」、「其他一般法人」、「特別法人」，發 配數量分別爲0。 發配額度「常客法人」的下層（階層2)中，有發配 額度「江戶電氣」、「隆格相機」，發配數量分別設定爲 50 與 30 。 發配額度「江戶電氣」的下層（階層3 )中，有發配 額度「大阪分店」，發配數量設定爲i5。 發配額度「大阪分店」的下層（階層4 )中，還有發 配額度「梅田營業所」，分配數量設定爲45。 再者，在本實施形態中，是以對應於客戶之事業上的 階層構造設定發配額度作爲一例，但並不限定於此，也可 以設定與客戶之事業形態無關的發配額度和階層關係。 這些發配額度與客戶附帶關係。亦即，最下層之發配 額度直接與客戶附帶關係’而比最下層再上層之發配額度 ，是介由設定階層關係之下層發配額度與客戶附帶關係。 -27- 1244602 (24) 再者，在圖中爲了簡單說明，最下層之發配額度中分 別與單數的客戶附帶關係，但1個發配額度也可與多數的 客戶附帶關係。 藉由將與附帶關係之發配額度的發配數量從下面的階 層依序消化，可以接受扣抵。 例如，客戶3 3 a可以消化發配額度「梅田營業所」的 發配數量45，（亦即，可以接受該商品的扣抵到45個爲 止），發配額度「梅田營業所」的發配數量全部消化後， 可以再從其上層之發配額度「大阪分店」中所設定之發配 數量1 5接受扣抵。 又，客戶33b與客戶33c，在階層2共同與發配額度 「隆格相機」附帶關係，已消化階層3、4的發配額度後 ，客戶3 3 b與客戶3 3 c可以共同地從發配額度「隆格相機 」的發配數量接受扣抵。 發配額度「隆格相機」的發配數量要扣抵給哪位客戶 ’是依據下層發配數量的消化狀況。亦即，已先消化下層 發配數量者，得到要求扣抵發配額度「隆格相機」的權利 〇 如此’藉由設定從下層依序進行扣抵的扣抵規則，可 以防止客戶跳過中間階層先取得上層的發配數量，而獨占 商品。 發配額度構造3 0中，更設置不可檢索上位處3 2、3 2 、…。不可檢索上位處3 2構成禁止提示上層處。 不可檢索上位處3 2，是表示可以接受扣抵之發配額 -28- 1244602 (25) 度的上限，同時也表示對客戶所設定之檢索範圍的上限。 客戶從自己的終端裝置存取管理中心5，在與自己附 帶關係之發配額度內，可以檢索從不可檢索上位處32到 下位的階層，並可以知道這些發配額度中所設定的發配數 量。 例如，發配額度「江戶電氣」、「大阪分店」、「梅 田營業所」成爲檢索範圍，客戶3 3 a可以從終端裝置檢索 各發配額度，但不能檢索比不可檢索上位處3 2更上位的 發配額度「常客法人」、或發配額度「隆格相機」等其他 行。 此外，即使相同的檢索範圍，客戶可以對階層向上方 向進行檢索，但不能進行階層向下方向的檢索。 例如，客戶3 3 b可如發配額度「札幌營業所」—發配 額度「北海道分店」-發配額度「隆格相機」般地參照向 上方向的發配額度，但不可以從發配額度「隆格相機」朝 發配額度「東京分店」的方向，亦即不可對階層向下方向 進行檢索。 這是爲了防止大型量販店等有資本的企業進行商品的 買斷。又，哪個企業僅購入何種商品，是屬於各企業的營 業機密，且各企業的商品發配數量的決定，是關於商品供 給源的販賣戰略，所以也有不適合將發配額度構造3 0全 部公開的情形。 接下來利用第5圖更具體說明使用發配額度構造之扣 抵方法。 -29- 1244602 (26) 第5 ( a )圖中，上層爲發配額度「a相機」，其下層 中有「A相機北海道」等。 現在，從與發配額度「A相機北海道」附加關係之客 戶「A相機零售店」對管理中心5下訂單1台。 此時，框管理·扣抵系統8確認與客戶「A相機零售 店」附加關係之最下層的發配額度「A相機北海道」的發 配數量，判斷可否扣抵。 此時，發配額度「A相機北海道」的發配數量爲2所 以可以扣抵，框管理·扣抵系統8將發配額度「A相機北 海道」的發配數量2之中的1台扣抵給客戶「A相機零售 店」。 第5 ( b )圖是表示扣抵後之發配額度構造，發配額 度「A相機北海道」之扣抵數量更新爲1 ( =2-1 )。 第5 ( c )圖，是表示發配額度「A相機北海道」的發 配數量爲〇時的發配額度構造圖。 在此狀態下，管理中心5從客戶「A相機零售店」接 受訂購1台。 此時，框管理·扣抵系統8確認發配額度「A相機北 海道」的發配數量。因爲此時爲〇而無法扣抵，再確認其 上層之發配額度「A相機」的發配數量。此時，上層之發 配數量爲1 0，所以框管理·扣抵系統8將其中之1扣抵 給客戶^ A相機零售店」。 第5 ( d )圖，是表示因扣抵，框管理·扣抵系統8 已更新之發配額度構造者，發配額度「A相機」的發配數 -30- 1244602 (27) 量更新爲9 (=10-1)。 如此，階層化發配額度而構成時，有以下的優點。 於上層之發配額度所設定的發配數量’是在其下層有 多數客戶時，成爲這些客戶共有的狀態，並對應於來自客 戶之下單狀況，可以扣抵給任一客戶。 亦即，藉由使用階層構造將商品的發配階層化，可以 用上位階層的發配數量吸收販賣預測與實際訂購的出入。 例如，關東地區、中京地區等，因在大販賣地區的販 賣預測數量之數量較大，所以對於預測數量的訂購數量之 出入的比率變小。 另一方面，如千代田區內幸町，在小販賣地區，販賣 數量因爲較少，對於預測數量的訂購數量之出入的比率變 大。 如此，越下層階層的發配額度，被附帶關係之客戶的 數量越少，所以對於預測數量之訂購數量的浮動變大，正 確的預測變得困難。 爲此，將其浮動的部份於上層之發配額度預先發配， 在下層產生之浮動以上層之發配數量吸收。 例如，在發配額度「A地區」的販賣預測數量爲3台 ，在發配額度「B地區」的販賣預測數量爲2台。於是， 設定在「A地區」1台、在「B地區」1台的發配數量， 而在^ B地區」與「A地區」的上層設置發配額度^ C地 域」，其發配數量爲3。 在此狀況下，來自「A地區」之訂購爲2台，來自「 -31 - 1244602 (28) B地區」的訂購爲3台時，將「C地域」的發配數量3之 中，1台補充至「A地區」，2台補充至「B地區」即可 〇 如此--來，發配數量的修正僅在全部發配額度構造內 的「A地區」、「B地區」、以及正上方之「C地域」即 結束。 當不將發配額度階層化而作單層的情形下，變成各個 框與少數客戶附加關係，而發生發配數量不足時，必需檢 索發配數量有多餘的發配額度，並將其發配額度的發配數 量移動至發配數量不足的發配額度，處理相當複雜且無效 率 。 在以上敘述中，已針對發配額度構造爲單一情形作說 明，但如第6圖所表示，可以將多數之發配額度構造階層 性地構成。 在第6圖中，於發配額度構造3 5的發配額度「關東 分社」下層附屬發配額度構造3 6，在發配額度構造3 6之 發配額度「東京分店」的下層附屬發配額度構造3 7。 即使是像上述複合性構成的發配額度構造，同樣地從 下層開始扣抵發配數量。 例如，在發配額度構造3 7之發配額度「立川營業所 」扣抵數量超過發配數量時，考慮從其正上方之發配額度 「首位」補充不足部分。從發配額度「首位」無法補足時 ，再考慮從其正上方之發配額度構造3 6的發配額度「東 京分店」補充不足數量。 -32- 1244602 (29) 反覆動作到補充不足數量爲止，或者到不可檢索上位 處32爲止。 第7圖，是說明框管理.扣抵系統8設定發配數量之 順序的流程圖。1244602 (1) 发明. Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a product distribution system and the like, and in particular, to the efficient distribution of completed products to a product by using a manufacturing plan prepared in units of time. client. [Previous technology] In a manufacturing company that manufactures products such as home appliances, the products are completed in units of time. These completed products are stored in the manufacturing company's warehouse and are ready for shipment. In terms of each shipment, delivery vehicles are sent from the warehouse about once a day, and the products that the customer has ordered are removed. Here, a customer refers to a retail store, a mass merchandise store, or the like of an electrical product, and a company or the like that purchases a product from a manufacturing company directly or through a sales company. The invention of the above-mentioned efficient product distribution logistics includes the following supply chain management systems. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-48 62 1 The present invention generates finished product demand forecast information based on actual sales information provided by a distributor, and based on this, asks the parts supplier for the deadline for parts supply and delivery. Then, based on the response from the parts supplier, the delivery time of the finished product is estimated, and the distributor is notified. In addition, as an invention for conveying the delivery date of a product, there are the following product sales devices. [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-243 5 2 1244602 (2) The present invention communicates the delivery deadline to the customer before the order is received. 'When the customer has placed an order, the product is directly delivered within the delivered delivery deadline. Delivery to customers. [Summary of the Invention] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The manufacturing plan provided by the manufacturing company is provided with date and time data, so it is impossible to know whether the goods produced on that day are as fast as the shipments. That is, even if it is a product produced on the same day, the sender who catches up with the delivery vehicle will be sent on that day; if it is not the catcher, it will be sent on the next day. For this reason, even if the customer asks for the delivery deadline, only the default delivery deadline can be provided. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a product distribution system and the like that can efficiently distribute the products produced in time units to customers while grasping shipments in time units. [Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is to provide a product distribution system, which is characterized by: obtaining a shipable time from a predetermined product to be shipable, and a shipable quantity; Means of obtaining shipment schedule information including shipment deadline information composed of the collection deadline of the shipment request, means of obtaining procurement information obtained by ordering customers who have ordered the above-mentioned goods and remembering the quantity ordered, and shipments obtained according to the above Reservation information, select -6- 1244602 (3) The collection deadline selection method of the collection deadline, and the above-mentioned shipping schedule information '尙 unallocated goods not assigned to customers, based on the selected collection The cut-off time is the retrieval means for searching from the base point toward the retrograde time, and the allocation means for allocating the retrieved goods to the above-mentioned ordering customers when the quantity of the retrieved goods is the above-mentioned remembered order quantity, and Use the allocation results of the above allocation means to update the allocation information of ordering customers and product allocations Means of allocating information and memory (Part 1). In the first configuration, the above-mentioned order information obtaining means further obtains a desired delivery date and a destination, and has a specific delivery route to the obtained destination, and calculates a rate for transporting the above-mentioned product through the specific delivery route. Means for calculating the required time of the required time; the above-mentioned collection deadline selection means is to use the calculated required time to select the latest collection of the goods that arrives at the receiving place earlier than the expected delivery deadline obtained above. Delivery deadline (second component). In the second configuration, the collection deadline selected by the collection deadline selection means is used, and the result of the search by the retrieval means is' When the quantity of the retrieved products does not reach the remembered order quantity, the collection The cut-off time selection means 'at a time that is more future than the selected cut-off time and is closest to the current cut-off time' Select the cut-off time for the goods reached by the above search means to reach the order quantity (the first 3 composition). In the first configuration, the above-mentioned distribution information storage means is for each type of product, and each product is ordered separately. Correspondence between the customer and the product is attached. -7-12440602 (4) Plus, and it includes: When at least a part of the information contained in the reservation information is changed, the shipping reservation information including the information to be changed is specified by the specific shipping reservation information specific means' and the changed information is used to specify the above. Ordering information, means for updating the ordering information that is independent and updated from other ordering information, and reassigning the above-mentioned products to the ordering customers using the updated ordering information (the fourth method) Composition). The fourth configuration includes a delivery date response means (fifth configuration) for responding to a delivery date for a product other than the product to be distributed by the redistribution means. In the first configuration, a sales forecasting means for predicting a sales forecast amount of each of the above-mentioned products for a predetermined period is provided, and at least a part of the shipmentable time of the products scheduled to be shipped using the shipping schedule information is provided so that The number of shipments is a translation method (sixth configuration) that can be shifted in the future in the manner of the predicted sales volume as described above. In the first configuration, the quota information that is associated with the customer is set. Possible quantity setting means for ordering the orderable quantity information of the above-mentioned goods, and means for issuing quota degree information memorizing means and updating means for memorizing the quota degree information for which the above-mentioned orderable quantity information is set; The orderable quantity specified by the orderable quantity information with associated quota quota information is used as the upper limit, and the above-mentioned order quantity is allocated to the above-mentioned ordering customers, and the above-mentioned updating means is to use the above-mentioned allocated quantity to make the above quota quota available δ Ding quantity information, updated to a specific distribution The number of available information (-8-1244602 section (5) configured 7). The present invention provides a method for allocating goods, which is characterized in that it is constituted by the following steps on a computer provided with means for obtaining shipment information, means for obtaining order information, means for selecting collection time, means for searching, and means for allocating: The means for obtaining the above-mentioned shipping schedule information will be obtained from the shipping schedule information consisting of: the shipping time when the predetermined product becomes ready for shipping, and the quantity that can be shipped; Steps for obtaining shipping order information, and using the above-mentioned ordering information obtaining means to obtain the ordering quantity and memorizing order information from the ordering customer who ordered the above-mentioned goods, and using the above-mentioned collection deadline selection method according to the above-mentioned obtained Information about the cargo reservation, selecting the collection deadline selection step of the collection deadline, and using the above-mentioned retrieval means to exclude the unallocated merchandise that has not been assigned to the customer, using the above selected collection The search step with the deadline as the base point and the search in the direction of the retrograde time, and In the above allocation means, when the quantity of the retrieved goods is the above-mentioned memorized order quantity, the allocation step of allocating the retrieved goods to the above-mentioned ordering customer, and the above-mentioned allocation information memory means are used in the above-mentioned allocation means. The allocation result is an allocation information storage step (the eighth configuration) in which the allocation information obtained by adding the correspondence between the ordering customer and the product allocation is updated and memorized. In the eighth configuration, the computer has a required time calculation means, and in the order information obtaining step, the order information obtaining means further acquires a desired delivery time and a destination, and includes: the required time calculation means. ， Specify the shipping path to the above-mentioned destination, and calculate the time required for shipping the goods mentioned in -9-1244602 (6) above the specified shipping route. In the cut-off time selection step, the above-mentioned collection cut-off time selection means uses the calculated required time to select the latest collection cut-off time for the goods to arrive at the receiving place earlier than the expected delivery deadline obtained above ( Section 9). In the ninth configuration, the collection deadline selected in the above-mentioned collection deadline selection step is used, and as a result of the search in the retrieval step, when the quantity of the retrieved product does not reach the above-mentioned memorized order quantity In the above-mentioned collection deadline selection step, at a point that is more future than the selected collection deadline and is closest to the current collection deadline, select the products retrieved by the above-mentioned retrieval means to reach the order quantity. Collection deadline (10th composition). In the eighth configuration, the computer includes means for specifying shipment schedule information, means for updating shipment schedule information, and re-distribution means; the means for storing distribution information is for most types of products, and each product is independently ordered by customers and customers. Correspondence of products is added, and when at least a part of the information contained in the obtained shipping order information is changed, the shipping order containing the information to be changed will be specified by the specific means of the shipping order information described above. Information to specific shipping order information specific steps, and the above-mentioned means for updating the shipping order information, using the changed information to separate the above-mentioned specific shipping order information from other shipping order information and update it. The step of updating the order information and the step of reassigning the above product to the ordering customer by using the updated order information (the 11th configuration). -10- 1244602 (7) In the eighth configuration, the computer is provided with a delivery time response means, and is provided with the delivery time response means for products other than the products assigned in the redistribution step, and delivered by the delivery time response means. Delivery deadline response procedure (12th constitution) of deadline response. In the eighth configuration, the computer includes a sales forecasting means and a panning means, and includes a sales forecasting step that predicts a sales forecast amount of each of the commodities in a predetermined period by the sales forecasting means, and uses the shipping schedule information to At least a part of the shipping time of the goods scheduled to be shipped, using the above-mentioned translation means, so that the shippable quantity is in accordance with the above-mentioned predicted sales volume, a translation step (the 13th configuration) . In the eighth configuration, the computer is provided with a means for setting possible quantities, a means for storing quota information, and a means for updating, and has a quota quota information that has been affiliated with the customer. Quantity information, the possible quantity setting step set by the above-mentioned possible quantity setting means, and the above-mentioned quota amount information storage means, the above-mentioned quota amount information storage step of storing the above-mentioned orderable quantity information where the quota amount information is set, and in the above-mentioned In the allocation step, the orderable quantity specified by the orderable quantity information of the quota information that is associated with the above-mentioned ordering customers is used as an upper limit, the above-mentioned ordering quantity is allocated to the above-mentioned ordering customers, and the above-mentioned update means are used to use the above-mentioned allocated quantity , Update the orderable quantity information of the quota quota information described above to the update step of specifying the orderable quantity information after allocation (the 14th constitution). In addition, the present invention provides a computer-implemented merchandise distribution program, which is -11-1244602. (8) It is provided with: the time when the specified product becomes available for shipment, and the number of products that can be shipped and the deadline for the above products. The collection deadline of the goods request, the shipping schedule information acquisition function that obtains the shipping schedule information obtained, and the order information acquisition function that obtains the order quantity and memory from the ordering customer who ordered the above-mentioned goods, and obtained according to the above Shipping schedule information 'Selection of the collection deadline time selection function of the collection deadline time' and the above-mentioned shipping schedule information, 'Unallocated products not assigned to customers' are based on the selected collection deadline time above A search function that searches in the direction of retrograde time, and an allocation function that allocates the retrieved products to the above-mentioned ordering customers when the quantity of the retrieved products is the above-mentioned remembered order quantity, and is used in the above The distribution result of the distribution function 'will update and memorize the distribution information obtained from the additional correspondence between the ordering customer and the product distribution. The distribution information memory function (the 1st 5th composition). In the fifteenth configuration, the above-mentioned order information acquisition function 'more obtains the expected delivery time and the destination, and further realizes: specifying the delivery route to the obtained destination, and calculating the above-mentioned specific delivery The required time calculation function for the time required for the route transportation. The above-mentioned collection deadline selection function is to use the calculated required time to select the goods that arrive at the receiver earlier than the expected delivery deadline obtained above. The latest collection deadline (the 16th component). In the 16th configuration, using the cut-off time selected by the above-mentioned cut-off time selection function, and the result of the search performed by the search function ', when the number of the searched goods did not reach the number of memorized self-purchased stars At this time, the above-mentioned collection deadline selection function is selected in the future which is more future than the above-selected -12-12602602 (9), and is closest to the current collection deadline. The deadline for the collection of the goods that reached the order quantity (the 17th composition). In the fifteenth configuration, the above-mentioned allocation information memory function is for each type of product, and the corresponding addition of the ordering customer and the product is independently performed for each product, and the above-mentioned computer is used to implement the following functions: When at least a part of the information contained in the information is changed, the shipping schedule information including the information to be changed is specified to the specific shipping schedule information specific function, and the changed information is used to specify the above The shipping order information update function separates and updates the shipping order information from other shipping order information, and uses the updated shipping order information to redistribute the above-mentioned products to the above-mentioned ordering customer's redistribution function (No. 1 8 组合). In the eighteenth configuration, the above-mentioned computer is used to implement a delivery date response function (the nineteenth configuration) for a delivery date response for products other than the products assigned by the redistribution function. In the fifteenth configuration, the computer realizes a sales forecast function that predicts a sales forecast amount for each of the above-mentioned products for a predetermined period, and at least a part of the products that can be shipped based on the above-mentioned shipping schedule information can be shipped. Time shifting function (20th configuration) so that the number of deliverables is in accordance with the above-mentioned predicted sales quantity. In the fifteenth constitution, the above computer is used to set the possible quantity setting function of the information on the quantity that can be ordered by the customer in the quota information that is affiliated with the customer, and the above-mentioned orderable 13- 1244602 (10) Quotation quota information is memorized, and the update function is stored as the quantity information is set. The above distribution function is specified by the orderable quantity information of the quota quota information attached to the above-mentioned ordering customers. The orderable quantity is used as an upper limit, and the above-mentioned ordering quantity is allocated to the above-mentioned ordering customers. The above update function uses the above-mentioned allocated quantity to update the above-mentioned orderable quantity information of the quota quota information to a specific orderable quantity after allocation. Information (construction 2 1). In addition, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium with a product distribution program stored therein, which enables the computer to realize the following functions: the time when the predetermined product can be shipped, and the quantity and deadline of the shipment The deadline for the collection of the above-mentioned goods 'shipping request, the shipping schedule information obtained by the shipping schedule information obtained, and the order information obtaining function of obtaining the order quantity and memory from the ordering customer who ordered the above-mentioned goods' and according to The above-mentioned obtained shipping reservation information selects a collection deadline selection function of a predetermined collection deadline, and among the above-mentioned shipping schedule information, unallocated products that have not been allocated to the customer, based on the above selected collection The cut-off time is the retrieval function of searching from the base point toward the retrograde time, and the allocation function of the retrieved goods to the above-mentioned ordering customers when the quantity of the retrieved goods is the above-mentioned remembered order quantity, And the distribution result used in the above distribution function, which is a combination of ordering customers and product allocation Distribution information memory function (section 22) for updating and memorizing distribution information. In the 22nd structure, the above-mentioned order information acquisition function can further obtain the expected delivery time and the destination, and more specifically: specify the delivery route to the 14-14602602 obtained above (11), and calculate the delivery route The required time selection function of the time required for delivery is based on the above-mentioned calculation of the expected delivery time obtained from the above. The cut-off time for the collection (the 23rd configuration). As a result, when the ordered quantity of the retrieved memories is retrieved, the above-mentioned collection time is lower than the above-mentioned selected collection time, and the collection deadline of the ordered quantity is selected (on the 22nd, 23rd or The 24 structure is for most types of goods, which is a corresponding addition to the goods, and the information contained in the computer's shipping schedule information contains the information to be changed to the reservation information specific function, and uses the predetermined shipping schedule information from other The updated shipping schedule information updates the power schedule information, and the above-mentioned products are again equipped with functions (the 25th structure). In the 25th structure, the products that are allocated with electric functions The above-mentioned goods are calculated based on the above-mentioned specific delivery route. For the time required for the above-mentioned collection deadline, the latest time limit for selecting the above-mentioned goods to reach the receiving place earlier is selected, and the above-mentioned collection deadline is used. The number of products that have been checked by the search function does not reach the above-mentioned cut-off time selection function, which belongs to the future, and the product closest to the current search function reaches the 24th composition). In the above-mentioned distribution information memory function, each product independently orders customers and implements the following functions: When at least a part of the above-mentioned information is changed, the shipment change information will be based on specific shipment reservation information, Separate and enable the above-mentioned special shipment reservation information, and realize the re-separation using the updated shipment distribution to the above-mentioned ordering customers: For the goods redistributed by the above, the delivery deadline is answered. -(12) 1244602 Delivery time response function (26th structure). In any one of the constitutions 22 to 26, the computer is used to realize at least a part of the sales forecast function that predicts the sales forecast quantity for a predetermined period of time for each of the above-mentioned products, and at least a part of the products that will be scheduled for shipment with the above-mentioned shipping schedule information The panning function (the 27th configuration) of the shipping time so that the shipping amount is in accordance with the predicted sales forecast amount described above in the future direction. In any one of the structures from 22 to 27, it is realized by the above computer: in the quota information of the affiliation relationship with the customer, setting the possible quantity setting function of the orderable quantity information of the above product that the customer can order, and the above orderable The quantity information is set and the quota quota information is memorized. The quota quota information memory function and the update function; the above distribution function will be the orderable quantity specified by the orderable quantity information of the quota quota information attached to the above ordering customers as the orderable quantity. To allocate the above-mentioned order quantity to the above-mentioned ordering customers, and the above update function is to use the above-mentioned allocated quantity to update the above-mentioned orderable quantity information of the quota quota information to the information of the specified orderable quantity after distribution (section 28 Composition). [Effects of the Invention] Products that are scheduled to be shipped can be efficiently distributed to customers according to the shipping time. [Embodiment] (Implementation of Formal Tragedy) -16- 1244602 (13) Management Center 5 (Figure 1) uses a sales forecasting system to predict the necessary production quantity of each commodity on a weekly basis and informs the manufacturing company. The manufacturing company plans the production plan to meet the forecasted quantity (forecasting 値), and notifies the management center of the planned storage of goods5. If the product is stored in the warehouse, it will be ready for shipment. 〇 The management center 5 will be notified of the product scheduled to be stored in the warehouse, and will be assigned to the receiver in advance. The assigned quantity is the number of customers that can be set when ordering by a customer (a retail store of goods, etc.), for example, based on sales forecasts in various regions, customer priorities, or preset customers The ratio is determined by the management center 5. The detailed description will be described later. The distribution quantity is set in a hierarchical structure (Figure 4) that can flexibly correspond to the customer's order. From the lower layer to the upper layer, the corresponding order is assigned to the customer. The delivery vehicle that delivers the goods from the warehouse to the receiving location is centrally allocated by the management center 5. In each warehouse, a collection deadline is set in advance for each shipment, and delivery vehicles are dispatched regularly every day. The delivery vehicle goes through a pre-defined delivery path, loads and unloads the goods at the loading and unloading point, and reaches the receiver. Estimate in advance the time required for the delivery vehicles to pass through the transportation path, and set the collection deadline so that the delivery vehicles can meet at the same time at the loading and unloading points. The delivery vehicle follows the instructions from the management center 5 to load and unload the cargo and deliver it to the receiver. -17- 1244602 (14) In this way, you can estimate the time when the goods are shipped from the warehouse and the time necessary for shipping, and you can inform the customer of the correct delivery deadline. In addition, the management center 5 distributes the products to be stored in the warehouse to the customer in time units. The management center 5 obtains the production schedule of the time unit provided by the manufacturing company in advance, and grasps the planned storage quantity by the time unit (Figure 9). The management center 5 obtains the order quantity and expected delivery period from the customer, and specifies the expected delivery. The latest cut-off time before the deadline, and using the cut-off time as the base point in the direction of the new time, that is, in the current direction, only the ordered quantity will be assigned to the goods that are scheduled to be stored in the warehouse. In this way, by assigning the latest warehousing product to the customer within the expected delivery period, even if the customer has an order with a shorter delivery period later, it can be responded to, and efficient allocation can be made in accordance with the production schedule. . In the past, existing products that have been produced are distributed to customers. However, in this embodiment, planned products that have not been produced are distributed to customers in a planned manner to make product logistics more efficient. (Detailed description of the embodiment) Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a product distribution system 1 according to this embodiment. The product distribution system 1 is a system that distributes, for example, a digital camera, a video camera, an audio system, and the like to a retail store. The product distribution system 1 is composed of a standard shipping area 2, a store distribution area -18-1244602 (15) domain 3, a distribution area 4, and a management center 5. The standard shipping area 2 is a group of shipping bases where the warehouses of the product manufacturing companies or the origins of the products shipped from overseas, such as warehouses that are loaded and unloaded and stored, are collected and sent to the store distribution area 3 described below. The same lead-time. In the first figure, only one standard shipping area 2 is shown. However, for example, the Tokyo area, the Nakagyo area, and the like are mostly present in various regions of the country. The store delivery area 3 is an area where a specific frontline base is used as a base point for delivery, and the area where the products are delivered is divided into groups by each area. In the first figure, only one of the store delivery areas 3 is shown. However, for example, the Kanto Koetsu area or the Chubu area are present in most regions of the country. In the store delivery area 3, a loading and unloading point for loading and unloading of the delivery vehicle is set, and the delivery vehicle loads and unloads at the loading and unloading point according to the instruction of the management center 5, and then carries the load to the next loading or unloading point or receiving place. The distribution area 4 is a collection place where the products from the distribution area 3 of the store have the same delivery lead time and are grouped together. In the first figure, only one delivery area 4 is shown, but most of them exist in the store delivery area 3. Examples of destinations include a power retailer's store or distribution center, personally operated home appliance retail stores, and home appliance wholesalers. The management center 5 is an organization that manages the product logistics in the product distribution system i in a unified manner. The management center 5 also manages the delivery of products from the standard shipping area 2 to the delivery area 4 without any obstacles. -19- 1244602 (16) Management Center 5 makes a sales forecast ’to estimate how many products should be produced and notify the manufacturing company. In this way, the management center 5 entrusts the manufacturing company before receiving the order for the goods purchased by the customer. The customer in the product distribution system 1 refers to a person who purchases a product manufactured by a manufacturing company under the management of the management center 5, such as a retail store or a mass merchandiser, and sells the product directly to the consumer from the manufacturing company. Consumers become customers. The manufacturing company plans a production plan that can grasp the production quantity in units of time based on the predicted quantity provided by the management center 5. From the production plan, the management center 5 can grasp the number of products that can be shipped into the warehouse in time units. Furthermore, regarding the goods to be stored in the warehouse, the management center 5 designates the collection deadline of the warehouse, the transportation route of the transportation vehicle, and issues a loading / unloading instruction at the loading / unloading base. Generally, the cut-off time and the transportation path are fixed. 〇 Estimate the time required for the transportation vehicle to walk in advance, and set the collection deadline when the transportation vehicle can meet at the same time at the loading and unloading base. In this way, in order to plan the delivery of a product, it is desirable that when the product is shipped, the destination of the product has been determined. To this end, the management center 5 performs two types of information processing, which are "delivery processing using a quota system" and "delivery management using a delivery deadline". "Distribution processing using a quota system" is a process of pre-allocating to a customer's assets based on a sales forecast based on the sales forecast for a weekly unit of goods. -20-1244602 (17) "Delivery time management" is information processing that efficiently distributes products that are shipped in time units in accordance with customers' expected delivery deadlines. As will be described later, 'set the sales box information that defines the hierarchical relationship with the customer. In the following, terms are defined before explaining these information areas. The so-called "distribution quantity" refers to the upper limit of the number of products that can be ordered by customers. For example, when the number of customers A is 10 and the number of customers B is 5, the number of orders from customer A can be up to 10, and the number of orders from customer B can be up to five. The so-called "distribution" refers to setting the number of distributions to customers. For example, when customer A and customer B are assigned 10 and 5, respectively, that is, customer A and customer B are assigned 10 and 5, respectively. Furthermore, in this embodiment, as described later, a hierarchical quota structure is used to add a correspondence relationship to customers, and the quota quota is allocated. The so-called "deduction" refers to a customer who consumes the ordered quantity from the customer's assigned quantity in accordance with the specified deduction rules when ordering. For example, when a customer with a delivery quantity of 10 orders 3, he consumes 3 from the delivery quantity 10, and the discounted delivery quantity becomes 7. The customer can also order 7 items. In other words, the customer has the right to order and distribute the quantity of goods, and the deduction means the person exercising the right. In other words, ‘the customer has the right to ensure that only the quantity of the predetermined in-stock goods is dispatched -21-1244602 (18)’ by deduction, to ensure that only the quantity (尙 not produced) is ordered. Next, the system configuration of the management center 5 will be described using FIG. 2. These systems are constituted as an example, and can be realized by using a server device or a combination of a plurality of server devices. The management center 5 is equipped with a sales forecast system 7 and frame management. Deduction system 8, early system 9 and so on. In addition, the system of a company that should be located in the standard shipping area 2, the store delivery area 3, and the delivery area 4 is also shown as a manufacturing company system 1 2, a distribution company system 1, and a buying company system 14. These systems can communicate with the system of the management center 5 via a network. The sales forecasting system 7 is a system that predicts the sales volume of products in each product line. The sales forecasting system 7 performs sales forecasting on a weekly basis, and manages the forecast result notification box management and deduction system 8 and the manufacturing company system 12. The sales forecasting system 7 stores historical sales performance data of each item in advance, and uses statistical methods to predict the sales volume. In addition to the predicted total number of sales, the sales forecast system 7 can also be used to forecast the sales of various regions or companies, and the number of sales can be predicted from various viewpoints. In addition, 'because the predicted quantity calculated by the sales forecasting system 7 does not necessarily hit', the specialized contractor can modify the predicted quantity in accordance with the actual situation. As the software constituting the sales prediction system 7, a well-known software can be used. -22- 1244602 (19) Sales forecasting system 7 notifies the manufacturing company system 12 of the forecasted total number of sales. The manufacturing company uses the total sales amount to plan a production schedule 'and informs the box management / deduction system8. In this production schedule, the planned storage quantity is set in units of time. The frame management and deduction system 8 performs "distribution processing using the quota structure" and "delivery deadline management using the cut-off time for collection" and performs the distribution and deduction of products scheduled for storage. The frame management / deduction system 8 uses the sales forecast obtained from the sales forecast system 7 and the warehouse reservation plan obtained from the manufacturing company system 12 to distribute the products scheduled for storage to the customer. In addition, the frame management / deduction system 8 obtains the order information from the customer from the order receiving system 9, and deducts the ordered quantity from the already distributed products to the customer. Then, the order receiving system 9 is notified of the deduction result. The order information includes information about specific customers, information about specific ordered products, order quantities, and expected delivery dates. Furthermore, it obtains inventory information from the distribution company system 13 and uses the information and the deduction result and distribution result to notify the delivery company system 13 of the shipping order and shipping schedule. The order receiving system 9 receives the customer's order receiving data from the sales company system 14 and provides it to the frame management and deduction system 8, and obtains the deduction result for the order from the frame management β deduction system 8. Orders can be received from public / private sales systems via the Internet_4, and others can also be used by telephone, fax, etc. The acquired order is stored as the order information. -23- 1244602 (20) The order receiving system 9 calculates the delivery deadline with the deduction result, and informs the sales company system 14. The calculation of the delivery deadline may be performed by the frame management / deduction system 8. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a sales forecast screen provided by the sales forecast system 7. The sales forecast contractor can operate the sales forecast screen displayed on the display and obtain various forecast quantities. The forecast area 21 is a column for designating a field for which a product sales forecast is made, and the contractor can select from the preset ones. For forecast area 21, you can choose the sales forecast range. For example, in addition to the whole country, Kanto area, Chiyoda area, and other areas, you can also choose customers such as "ox camera" and "00 corporation". In addition, you can obtain the logical product of both customers and regions, as in "OX Camera AND Chiyoda City", and obtain sales forecasts for each customer and region. The item type 22 is a column for specifying a product type, for example, "digital camera", "hand-held video camera", "television", etc. The contractor can select from the types of products that have been prepared in advance. For the model 2 3, you can select the product number corresponding to the quotient designated by the article type 2 2. By specifying the product category 2 2 and model 2 3, it is possible to specify the product details of the prediction target. In addition, when the model number 23 is not specified, the predicted quantity of the entire product category specified in the product category 22 -24-1244602 (21) can be obtained. The predicted number display column 24 is a column that displays actual results up to the previous week and predicted numbers after the current week. In addition, among the forecasted numbers after the current week, additional bottom lines indicate. The item "Sales Forecast Quantity" shows the forecasting module included in the forecasting system 7 for sales, which is calculated using actual sales results or other sales data as parameters. This predicted quantity is calculated by the statistical calculation process and can be used as an indicator for the contractor to predict the actual sales volume. In the item "Actual sales quantity", the predicted actual sales quantity set based on the predicted quantity of the "estimated sales quantity" is displayed. The predicted quantity can be revised by the organizer, and the preset quantity plus mechanical processing can reflect the judgment of the organizer. In the item "Market inventory quantity", it shows the quantity of commodities that are currently in stock in the market. After the current week is the forecast number. This forecasted quantity can also be revised by the contractor. The item "shipment number" is the number of shipments in the market where the product breakdown is displayed. After the current week is the forecast number. The predicted quantity is calculated by the formula "(market inventory of the current week)-(market inventory of the previous week) + (actual sales volume of the current week)". In the example in Figure 3, the number of shipments for the current week is: 5,240 = 1 5,3 77-1 1,640 + 1,467 ° If the contractor changes the item "Actual Sales Volume" and "City-25- 1244602 ( 22) The number of stocks in the field "', the item" Number of shipments "is also updated to the calculated value based on the changed 値. In the illustration, the predicted area 21 is "national", so the number of units shipped in the week is 26, which is the number of "digital camera models ABC 1 23 45" that should be shipped from the manufacturing company. The sales prediction system 7 sends the coupon to the manufacturing company system 12 of the manufacturing company of the digital camera, and the manufacturing company can set the production target number of the digital camera. The sales forecasting system 7 calculates the number of shipments for the current week and the next week for each product breakdown, and sends them to the manufacturing companies for these product breakdowns. [Distribution processing using the quota quota structure] Next, for the use box management · The deduction system 8 performs the allocation processing of the allocation quota structure as an explanation. Fig. 4 shows an example of a quota structure used by the frame management / deduction system 8 when distributing products to customers. The quota quota structure is used to generate a breakdown of each commodity in weekly units. The distribution quota structure 30 shown in the figure is a distribution quota structure showing a certain week when the digital camera model ABC 1 23 4 5 is used. The quota quota structure 30 is formed in the memory space of the computer constituting the sales prediction system 7, and can be prompted by a display or the like. The memory device of the computer constitutes a means for setting quota information. The distribution quota structure 30, as shown in Fig. 4, is a subsidiary distribution quota -26- 1244602 (23) The distribution of the quota name and distribution quantity is based on the definition of the hierarchical relationship. Hierarchy relationship refers to the quota quota information defined by the hierarchy to which the quota quota belongs, the quota quota (singular) located directly above the quota quota, and the quota quota (singular or plural) located directly below the quota quota. This combination of hierarchical relationships constitutes a hierarchical structure. In the illustration, the top-level distribution quota degree is named "TOP", and the number of distribution quotas is set to 0 or less. Please note the "top-rank" of the quota quota. In the lower tier (tier 1) of the quota quota, set the quota quota "regular customer", "other general legal person", and "special legal person", and the number of distributions is 0. In the lower layer (tier 2) of the quota quota "regular customer corporation", there are quota quotas "Edo Electric" and "Longge Camera", and the distribution quotas are set to 50 and 30 respectively. In the lower level (tier 3) of the quota quota "Edo Electric", there is a quota quota "Osaka branch", and the quota is set to i5. In the lower level (tier 4) of the quota quota "Osaka branch", there is also a quota quota "Umeda Sales Office", and the allocated number is set to 45. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the quota quota level is set as an example in accordance with the hierarchical structure of the customer's business, but it is not limited to this, and the quota quota level and the hierarchical relationship may be set regardless of the client's business structure. These quotas are affiliated with customers. That is, the lowest-level distribution quota is directly attached to the customer ', and the lower-level and upper-level distribution quota is affiliated with the customer by setting the lower-level distribution quota. -27- 1244602 (24) Furthermore, in the figure, for the sake of simplicity, the lowest quota level is associated with singular customers, but one quota level can also be correlated with most customers. By sequentially digesting the number of distributions associated with the distribution quota from the lower hierarchy, deductions can be accepted. For example, the customer 3 3a can digest the distribution quantity of the quota system "Umeda Sales Office" 45 (that is, the deduction of the product can be accepted up to 45). After the distribution quantity of the quota system "Umeda Sales Office" is fully digested , You can then accept the deduction from the distribution quota set in the upper-level distribution quota "Osaka Branch" 15. In addition, customers 33b and 33c have a collateral relationship with the quota quota “Longer Camera” in stratum 2. After digesting quota quotas in stratums 3 and 4, customers 3 3 b and 3 3 c can jointly issue quota quotas from “ "Longer Cameras" are eligible for deductions. The quota of the "Longge Camera" is based on the digestion of the lower-level distribution. That is, those who have already digested the distribution amount of the lower layer firstly have the right to claim the credit quota “Longer Camera”. In this way, by setting a deduction rule for sequentially deducting from the lower layer, customers can be prevented from skipping the middle layer first. Get the top-level distribution quantity and monopolize the product. In the quota quota structure 30, the unretrievable upper positions 3, 2, 3, ... are also set. The unretrievable upper position 3 2 constitutes a prohibition to indicate the upper position. The unretrievable upper position 3 2 means the upper limit of -28- 1244602 (25) degrees that can be deducted, and also the upper limit of the search range set by the customer. The customer accesses the management center 5 from his own terminal device, and within the distribution quotas associated with himself, the customer can retrieve the hierarchy from the unretrievable upper 32 to the lower hierarchy, and can know the number of distributions set in these distribution quotas. For example, the quota quotas "Edo Electric", "Osaka Branch", and "Umeda Sales Office" become the search scopes. Customers 3 3a can retrieve the quota quotas from the terminal device, but they cannot search higher than the unretrievable upper rank 3 2 Issuance of quotas of "regular customers", or issuance of quotas of "Longge Camera" and other lines. In addition, even with the same search scope, customers can search upwards in the hierarchy, but cannot search downwards in the hierarchy. For example, the customer 3 3 b can refer to the quota quota in the upward direction, such as the quota quota "Sapporo Sales Office"-quota quota "Hokkaido Branch"-quota quota "Longge Camera", but cannot issue quota quota "Longge Camera" Towards the quota quota "Tokyo branch", that is, search down the hierarchy is not possible. This is to prevent the buyout of goods by capitalized companies such as large-scale mass retailers. Also, which company purchases only what kind of product belongs to the business secrets of each company, and the decision of the number of products distributed by each company is a sales strategy of the supply source of the product. Therefore, it may not be appropriate to disclose the quota structure of all 30. . Next, a more detailed explanation of the deduction method using the quota structure is made using FIG. 5. -29- 1244602 (26) In Figure 5 (a), the upper level is the "a camera", and the lower level is "A camera Hokkaido". Now, from the customer "A Camera Retail Store" who has an additional relationship with the "A Camera Hokkaido" quota, one order is placed for the management center 5. At this time, the frame management and deduction system 8 confirms the distribution amount of the "A camera Hokkaido" at the lowest level of the additional relationship with the customer "A camera retail store" and determines whether it can be deducted. At this time, the quota of "A camera Hokkaido" is 2 and can be deducted. The frame management and deduction system 8 will deduct 1 of the quota of "A camera Hokkaido" 2 to the customer "A Camera Retail Store. " Figure 5 (b) shows the structure of the issued quota after deduction. The deducted quantity of the issued quota "A camera Hokkaido" is updated to 1 (= 2-1). Figure 5 (c) is a structure diagram of the quota system when the number of quotas of the "A camera Hokkaido" quota system is zero. In this state, the management center 5 accepts one order from the customer "A camera retail store". At this time, the frame management / deduction system 8 confirms the distribution amount of the distribution quota degree "A camera Hokkaido". Because it is 0 at this time, it cannot be deducted, and then confirm the distribution amount of the upper-level distribution quota "A camera". At this time, the upper-layer distribution number is 10, so the frame management and deduction system 8 will deduct 1 of them to the customer ^ A camera retail store ". Figure 5 (d) shows the updated quota quota constructor for the deduction, frame management and deduction system 8. The number of quota quota "A camera" -30- 1244602 (27) is updated to 9 (= 10-1). In this way, when the quota level is structured hierarchically, there are the following advantages. The assigned quantity set at the upper quota level is the state common to these customers when there are many customers at the lower layer, and corresponds to the order status from customers, and can be deducted to any customer. That is, by using a hierarchical structure to hierarchically distribute the products, it is possible to use the distribution amount of the upper tier to absorb the difference between the sales forecast and the actual order. For example, in the Kanto region, Nakagyo region, etc., the predicted sales quantity in the large sales area is large, so the ratio of the predicted quantity to the ordered quantity is smaller. On the other hand, in Komachi, Chiyoda-ku, in the hawker area, the sales volume is small, and the ratio of the predicted quantity to the ordered quantity becomes larger. In this way, the lower the level of quota quota, the fewer the number of customers who are affiliated. Therefore, the fluctuation of the order quantity for the predicted quantity becomes larger, and it becomes difficult to make accurate predictions. To this end, the floating portion is allocated in advance at the upper quota, and the floating quantity generated at the lower layer is absorbed. For example, the number of predicted sales in the "A region" of quota quota is 3, and the number of predicted sales in the "B region" of quota quota is 2. Therefore, the number of units assigned to one unit in "A region" and one unit in "B region" is set, and the allocation quota level ^ C region "is set at the upper layer of" B region "and" A region ", and the number of allotments is three. In this case, if two units are ordered from "A region" and three units are ordered from "-31-1244602 (28) B region", one of the three "C region" will be allocated and one will be supplemented. To "A region", two units can be added to "B region". So-the amount of distribution is corrected only in "A region", "B region" and "C" directly above the quota structure. Region "is over. When the quota level is not hierarchical and is a single layer, it becomes an additional relationship between each box and a small number of customers, and when the number of allocations is insufficient, it is necessary to retrieve the excess number of allocations and move the number of allocations To the issue of insufficient quotas, the processing is quite complicated and inefficient. In the above description, the case where the quota quota structure is structured as a single case has been described, but as shown in FIG. 6, most of the quota quota structures can be structured hierarchically. In FIG. 6, the lower-level subsidiary quota level structure 36 of the “Kantou branch” quota level of the issue quota structure 3 5 and the lower-level subsidiary quota level structure 37 of the “Tokyo branch” of the quota level structure 36 are issued. Even with the quota structure like the above-mentioned composite structure, the same amount is deducted from the lower layer. For example, when the number of credits issued by the quota system “Tachikawa Sales Office” in the quota quota structure 37 exceeds the number of distributions, it is considered to supplement the shortfall from the “top position” of the quota quota directly above it. When it is not possible to make up the quota quota from the "top position", then consider constructing a quota quota of "Tokyo Branch" from 36 quota quota levels directly above it to supplement the shortage. -32- 1244602 (29) Repeat the operation until the number of shortages is insufficient, or until the upper searchable position is 32. Figure 7 is a description of box management. The flowchart of the order in which the deduction system 8 sets the number of distributions.
以下的處理，是框管理·扣抵系統8遵照所定之程式 進行者D 首先，將計算商品細目之計算器i初始化爲〇 (步驟 5 ) 〇 其次，針對第i項之商品細目，取得預定入庫數量（ 步驟1 〇 )。該處理，是由框管理·扣抵系統8所具備之 訂購數量取得手段進行者。 然後，對應於該商品細目之發配額度構造中，使用入 庫預定數量來輸入發配數量（步驟15)。該處理是由框 管理·扣抵系統8所具備之可能數量設定手段進行者。 該發配數量，是根據例如各地域之販賣預測數量、客 戶之優先程度、或預先被設定之比率等所決定。當然也可 使用其他方法。若有必要，由承辦人調整發配數量。 更者，進行販賣預測中有小地區等，有可適用販賣預 測的地方與不可適用的地方時，關於無法販賣預測的地區 由承辦人手動設定發配數量。 接著，判斷關於全部商品細目是否已設定發配數量（ 步驟2 0 )。 有尙未分配之商品細目時（步驟2 0 ; N )、將計算器 僅增加1 (步驟2 5 )，回到步驟1 0。 -33- 1244602 (30) 針對全部商品細目已發配結束時（步驟2 0 ; Y )，結 束發配處理。 第8圖，是說明使用發配額度構造之扣抵處理順序的 流程圖。 以下的處理，是框管理·扣抵系統8遵照所定之程式 進行者。 首先，取得來自客戶之訂購數量（步驟50)。該處 理，是由框管理·扣抵系統8所具備之訂購數量取得手段 進行者。 其次，特定與該客戶附帶關係之發配額度，確認該發 配額度之發配數量是否足夠進行扣抵（步驟5 5 )。 發配數量足夠時（步驟5 5 ; Y )，從該發配數量進行 扣抵。該處理是由框管理·扣抵系統8所具備之分配手段 所進行者。 然後，將該發配額度之發配額度數量更新爲發配後的 値（=扣抵前之値·扣抵數量）（步驟75)，並結束處理 。該更新處理，是由框管理·扣抵系統8所具備之更新手 段進行者。 發配數量不足時（步驟5 5 ; N )，確認正上方之發配 額度可否參照（步驟60 )。 由於爲不可檢索上位處而無法參照時（步驟6 0 ; N ) ，無法扣抵，或者將可扣抵之數量全部扣抵並結束處理。 正上方之發配額度爲可參照時（步驟60 ; Y )，確認 正上方之發配額度的發配數量（步驟65 )。 -34- 1244602 (31) 接下來，判斷該發配額度中是否有爲補充不足部分的 發配數量（步驟70 )，發配數量不足時（步驟70 ; N ) ’回到步驟60，針對更上層之發配額度繼續進行發配數 量的探察。 發配數量足夠時（步驟70 ; Y )，從該發配額度進行 扣抵，並更新發配數量爲扣抵後之値（步驟75)，結束 處理。 由以上所說明的使用發配額度構造之扣抵處理可以得 到如以下的效果。 (1 )扣抵來自客戶下單之商品時，可以在各客戶已 階層化之發配額度構造中設定成爲扣抵數量上限的發配數 量。 (2 )針對使用發配額度構造，成爲預定入庫之商品 ’因爲可以預先設定收件處，所以可以計劃性地發配運送 車輛。 (3 )因爲可以進行計劃性地配車，以及載貨的裝卸 指示，而沒有必要在商店配送區域3囤積商品。爲此，運 送車輛可以在商店配送區域3進行載貨之裝卸並運送載貨 至收件處。 (4 )扣抵是從與客戶附帶關係之下位的發配額度開 始進行，但扣抵數量超過發配數量時，可以從再上位之階 層的發配額度進行扣抵。 (5 )藉由在發配額度構造中設置不可檢索上位處’ 可以將來自外部的發配額度參照，限定在已預先設定之範 -35- 1244602 (32) 圍內。如此，不變更發配額度之階層構造下，對應於該商 品之供需狀況的個體框管理，以及總體框管理的切換成爲 可能。 (6 )對發配額度之發配數量的設定，可以藉由使用 預先被設定之比率、或販賣預測等，從預定入庫數量自動 地設定。 (7 )發配額度構造由於是各商品設定，而使商品原 有之客戶特色銷售法（segmentation )成爲可能，對來自 販賣策略之客戶的下單，反應可以更周到。又，可以進行 活用商品特性的發配數量之設定。 藉由使用上述所說明之發配額度構造，可以得到以下 的構成。 本發明提供一種商品分配系統，是使用未來所定期間 中的所定商品之預定出貨數量’將上述商品預先分配至客 戶的商品分配系統，其特徵係具備：已與客戶附帶關係之 發配額度資訊中，設定上述客戶可訂購上述商品之可訂購 數量資訊的可能數量設定手段’和將上述可訂購數量資訊 被設定之發配額度資訊予以記憶的發配額度資訊記憶手段 ，和從訂購上述商品之訂購客戶取得訂購數量的訂購數量 取得手段，和根據以與上述訂購客戶附帶關係之發配額度 資訊的可訂購數量資訊所特定之可訂購數量’將上述所取 得之訂購數量分配給上述訂購客戶的分配手段’和使用上 述分配之數量，將上述發配額度資訊的可訂購數量資訊’ 更新爲特定分配後之可訂購數量資訊的更新手段（使用發 -36- 1244602 (33) 配額度構造之第1構成）。 在上述第1構成中，上述發配額度資訊記憶手段，將 上述發配額度資訊形成階層構造般地，特定與其他發配額 度資訊之階層關係的階層關係資訊予以預先記憶，最下層 的發配額度資訊，直接與上述客戶附帶關係，最下層以外 的發配額度資訊，介由和該發配額度資訊設定階層關係的 下層發配額度資訊而與上述客戶附帶關係；上述分配手段 ，從與上述訂購客戶附帶關係之發配額度資訊之中的下層 ，依序分配訂購數（使用發配額度構造之第2構成）。 在上述第2構成中，具備算出各販賣對象單位在上述 所定期間的上述商品之販賣預測數量的販賣預測數量算出 手段，上述可能數量設定手段，是使用上述訂購客戶所屬 之販賣對象單位的販賣預測數量，決定於上述發配額度資 訊設定的可訂購數量資訊（使用發配額度構造之第3構成 )° 在上述第2構成中，具備將設定在上述發配額度資訊 之可訂購數量資訊予以提示的提示手段，以上述提示手段 提示之各提示對象，設定可訂購數量資訊可提示之發配額 度資訊的範圍（使用發配額度之第4構成）。 在上述第4構成中，上述提示對象爲預先與上述最下 層之發配額度資訊的任一者附加對應，上述可提示之發配 額度資訊的範圍是爲從與上述提示對象附加對應之最下層 的發配額度資訊，朝上層方向設定階層關係的發配額度資 訊（使用發配額度構造之第5構成）。 -37- 1244602 (34) 在上述第5構成中，於上述階層關係預先設置禁止提 示上層處，上述可提示之發配額度資訊，只到以上述禁止 提示上層處限制的地方爲止（使用發配額度之第6構成） 〇 在上述第2構成中，上述發配額度資訊之階層構造設 定爲各項商品（使用發配額度構造之第7構成）。 [使用集貨截止時間之交貨期限管理] 其次，針對使用框管理·扣抵系統8進行之集貨截止 時間的交貨期限管理處理作說明。 相對於使用發配額度構造之扣抵處理，是藉由設定發 配數量來分配可扣抵之個數，使用集貨時間之扣抵處理， 是以框構造進行已扣抵之商品的交貨期限設定。 亦即，發配額度構造每週被作成，並將於該週所生產 之商品數量發配至發配額度構造。 但是，例如，於該週商品生產1 000個，第1天生產 100個，第2天生產200個…如此每天生產商品。因此， 即使被發配至相同發配額度構造之商品，越早被生產者， 就越早被送達客戶。 因此’若使用所謂集貨截止時間之槪念，則可以將預 定入庫（尙未存在）之商品的交貨期限正確地傳達客戶。 更詳細說明，首先，將從製造公司所收到之生產計劃 資料（入庫預定）以時間爲單位，並將商品寄送申請的截 止也以時間爲單位。 然後’扣抵來自客戶之訂購時比較預定入庫數量與集 -38- 1244602 (35) 貨截止時間，使用客戶所期望之供給期限前的最遲預定入 庫之商品並進行扣抵。將此作爲扣抵規則之1。 以下，更具體明該順序。 在本實施形態中，配送車輛在各配送方面爲1天1車 從倉庫搬送商品。 第9 ( a )圖，是表不從某倉庫搬送商品的時間分配 之一例。 從該倉庫朝九州方面與本州方面每天發出運送車輛。 又，發車時間沒有必要爲固定時刻，但爲了簡單說明 ，在此爲每天定時發車。 再者，該時間分配，是構成將商品之可出貨時間、可 出貨數量，以及方面區別之集貨截止時間予以記錄的出貨 預定資訊。此資訊從製造公司系統1 2送訊至框管理.扣 抵系統8並記憶在框管理·扣抵系統8 (出貨預定資訊取 得手段）。 朝九州方面之出貨申請的截止時間爲每天1 2點，朝 本州方面之出貨申請的截止時間爲每天1 4點。 另一方面’該倉庫’現在庫存25個，可出貨商品之 入庫預定爲4月1日9點25個、13點25個、ι5點個 、4月2曰9點75個、13點75個...。 如此’從製造公司系統1 2朝管理中心5以時間單位 通知入庫預定。 現在時刻爲4月1日8點，從本州特約店的客戶下單 訂購5 0個（第9 ( b )圖）。 -39 - 1244602 (36) 客戶之期望交貨期限前最遲的本州方面集貨截止時間 爲4月1日的14點。框管理·扣抵系統8將此時間作爲 基點，進行預定入庫之商品的扣抵處理。 又，若客戶期望交貨期限前最遲的本州方面的集貨截 止時間爲4月2日14點時，將4月2日1 4點作爲基點進 行扣抵處理。 如此，藉由將期望交貨期限前之最遲的集貨截止時間 作爲基點來進行扣抵處理，當之後有出現客戶期望在很短 的交貨期限交貨時，可確保扣抵給該客戶之商品的可能性 變大。 其次，框管理·扣抵系統8，檢索從基點到現在爲止 的預定入庫數量並確認之，再從接近基點一方扣抵訂購數 〇 例如，訂購數有5 0個時，將最接近基點（4月1曰 1 4點）的預定入庫數25個（4月1日1 3點）扣抵給該客 戶，再回朔時間，將預定入庫25個（4月1日9點）扣 抵給該客戶。 如此，框管理·扣抵系統8從基點朝回朔時間方向扣 抵商品5 0個。 假設客戶的訂購有60個時，再回朔時間，從現在庫 存的2 5個中扣抵1 0個給該客戶。 第1 0 ( a )圖，是說明扣抵之其他例子的圖。 現在，從本州特約店有訂購】5 0個的訂單進來。期望 交貨期限前之最遲的集貨截止時間爲4月1日的1 4點。 -40- 1244602 (37) 但是，即使將該時間作爲基點回朔時間’也無法確保 1 5 0個預定入庫數量。 爲此，框管理·扣抵系統8試著將最接近期望交貨期 限的下個集貨截止時間（4月2日1 4點）作爲基點來確 保商品。 首先，框管理·扣抵系統8確保最接近基點（4月2 日14點）之預定入庫數75個（4月2日1 3點），接著 確保下個接近基點的預定入庫數75個（4月2日9點） ，並將這些共計1 5 0個商品扣抵給該客戶。 此時，實際的交貨期限變得比客戶所期望之交貨期限 晚了 1天左右，但可以確保最接近客戶期望交貨期限的交 貨期限，也可以滿足客戶期望的最大限度。又通知客戶扣 抵後之交貨期限。 第1 0 ( b )圖，是說明欲扣抵之預定入庫數已經扣抵 完時的例子。 從客戶（本州特約店）有訂購〗5 0個的訂單進來。與 第1 〇 ( a )圖相同地將4月2日1 4點作爲基點試著確保 成爲預定入庫之商品。 但是，最接近基點之預定入庫的7 5個（4月2日1 3 點），已經分配給其他客戶。 爲此，框管理·扣抵系統8不進行該預定入庫商品的 分配，而嘗試分配下個接近基點的預定入庫數。 如此，分配是以先到順序而進行者。將此作爲扣抵規 則之1。 -41 - 1244602 (38) 框管理·扣抵系統8，如上述從基點朝回朔時間方向 ’確保尙未扣抵完畢之預定入庫商品7 5個（4月2日9 點）、2 5個（4月1日1 5點）…共計1 5 0個，扣抵給客 戶 〇 其次，針對扣抵現在庫存之商品的例子說明第1 1 ( a )圖。 現在，從客戶之一的九州特約店訂購5 0個。客戶期 望交貨期限前最遲的集貨截止時間爲4月1日1 2點，框 管理·扣抵系統8嘗試將該時間作爲基點以確保商品並扣 抵。 首先’從基點朝回朔時間方向確保最接近的預定入庫 商品2 5個（4月1日9點）。 接著，框管理·扣抵系統8再回朔時間，確保成爲現 在庫存的2 5個。 框管理·扣抵系統8將這些商品計5 0個扣抵給該客 戶。 如此，框管理·扣抵系統8也將成爲現在庫存之商品 作爲扣抵的對象。 其次，針對有從該客戶訂購1 5 0個的情形使用第1 1 (b )圖說明。 框管理·扣抵系統8將4月1日1 2點的集貨截止時 間作爲基點，嘗試確保商品，但因爲僅能確保5 0個，所 以不將該時間作爲基點，而將下個接近現在時間的集貨截 止時間（4月2日1 2點）作爲基點。 -42- 1244602 (39) 從該基點朝回朔時間方向’確保尙未扣抵完畢之預定 入庫商品1 5 0個並扣抵給目亥各戶。 此時，從4月2日9點到4月1日9點爲止的預定入 庫商品可以確保1 5 0個，所以沒有必要扣抵成爲庫存的 2 5個。 第1 2圖，是說明計算交貨期限之方法的圖。 首先，商品從倉庫被提貨，於4月1日1 5點由標準 集貨區域出發。該商品以後的運送過程，是預定於3小時 後在裝卸據點被裝載於其他的運送車輛，再於1 2小時後 被裝載於其他的運送車輛，4小時後到達收件處。亦即， 前置時間（lead-time)的合計値爲19(=3 + 12 + 4)小時。 框管理·扣抵系統8預先記憶各運送路徑的所需時間 ，並可用以進行計算交貨期限。 如此，框管理·扣抵系統8具備所需時間算出手段。 另外，以上的交貨期間計算已被簡單化，實際上也需 考量製造公司的休假、運送公司的休假、運送車輛的裝卸 時間、客戶的休假等各種的實際情形來進行交貨期限計算 〇 又’客戶沒有提示期望交貨期限時，將接單日作爲期 望交貨期限。 第1 3圖，是說明使用集貨截止時間之扣抵處理順序 的流程圖。 以下的處理，是框管理.扣抵系統8遵照所定之程式 進行者。 -43- 1244602 (40) 首先，從販賣公司系統14 (第2圖）對接單系統9 發接單資料，接單系統9，將此提供給框管理·扣抵系 統8框1理·扣抵系統8記憶該資料。如此，框管理· 扣抵系統8具備訂單取得手段。 框管理·扣抵系統8，從接單資料取得要進行扣抵之 對象的商品、訂購數、以及期望交貨期限等（步驟100) 〇 其次，框管理·扣抵系統8使用該商品的入庫預定， 年寸疋期望父貨期限前之最遲的集貨截止時間（步驟1 〇 5 ) 。該集貨截止時間成爲進行扣抵處理的基點。此爲，框管 理·扣抵系統8所具備之集貨截止時間選擇手段進行者。 接著，框管理·扣抵系統8從所特定之集貨截止時間 朝向現在時間，亦即，往回朔時間方向，檢索預定進貨的 商品（尙未扣抵者）並確保訂購數量（步驟n 〇 )。 該處理’是框管理·扣抵系統8具備之檢索手段進行 者。 接下來，框管理·扣抵系統8判斷是否可確保訂購數 量（步驟115) ’已可確保訂購數量時（步驟1 1 5 ; Y ) ’將這些已經可以確保之預定進貨商品扣抵給該客戶（步 驟1 2 0 )，結束處理。 該扣抵，是框管理.扣抵系統8具備之分配手段進行 者° 另一方面，無法確保訂購數量時（步驟1 1 5 ; N )， 特定下個集貨截止時間，亦即，特定比在步驟1 1 〇所特定 '44 - 1244602 (41) 之集貨截止時間更遲，且最接近現在的集貨截止時間（步 驟12 5)，回到步驟1 1 0。之後，重覆該處理直到扣抵結 束爲止。 又，框管理·扣抵系統8具備將客戶與已分配之商品 的對應予以記憶的資料庫，並伴隨分配作業更新之（分配 資訊記憶手段）。 如上述，本實施形態，是將來自客戶之訂購於生產計 劃扣抵時，進行最適當的扣抵，提供使機會損失最小化的 邏輯。此外，總括性地執行扣抵處理時，實現讓扣抵結果 不會不整合的控制方式。 [再扣抵處理] 其次，針對再扣抵處理作說明。 製造公司以時間單位將入庫預定逋知管理中心‘5 ’但 是因糾紛或假日的變動、設備的保養等任何理由’入庫有 時會比預定較遲。 而因爲入庫的延遲變更入庫預定時，管理中心5使用 最新的資訊進行再扣抵處理並再次扣抵，算出變更後的交 貨期限。 如此，管理中心5在發生交貨期限延遲時’可以貫際 時間再計算交貨期限，並通知客戶變更後的交貨期限。 且，在本實施形態中，針對入庫延遲的情形說明’但 入庫比預定提早時也同樣地可以再計算交貨期限。 第14(a)圖，是表不某製造公司的預足入庫圖。 -45- 1244602 (42) 在現在時間（4月1日8點）上，於4月1日9點預 定入庫之商品2 5個、和4月丨日丨3點預定入庫之商品 2 5個共計5 0個已扣抵給某客戶，且於4月1日14點作 爲集貨預定。 但是如第1 4 ( b )圖所表示，於4月1日14點3 0分 的現在，商品尙未入庫’而無法趕上4月1日1 4點的集 貨截止時間。 於是，管理中心5從該製造公司收到通知，主旨爲這 些5 0個商品的入庫會延遲，且將於4月1日1 5點入庫的 預定入庫變更。 在管理中心5，框管理.扣抵系統8接收該通知開始 再扣抵處理。 首先，將4月1日9點預定入庫的2 5個，和4月1 日1 3點預定入庫的2 5個，加上4月1日1 5點預定入庫 的50個。其結果，在4月i日15點的預定入庫數爲ι〇〇 個。 如此，框管理.扣抵系統8，首先使用來自製造公司 的最新資訊更新入庫預定。 其次，框管理·扣抵系統8，如第14 ( c )圖所表示 ’將現在（4月1日14點30分）起最接近之集貨截止時 間4月2日1 4點作爲基點，並從該基點朝回朔時間方向 ，扣抵已從該客戶接單的5 0個（4月2日1 4點預定入庫 )。如此，框管理·扣抵系統8，使用已被更新之入庫預 定進行再扣抵處理。 -46- (43) 1244602 更者，框管理·扣抵處理8使用再扣抵處理後之集貨 截止時間，再計算交貨期限並通知客戶。 如上所述，在本實施形態中，入庫預定已被變更時使 用最新的資訊更新預定表，進行再扣抵處理。然後再計算 交貨期限，並連絡客戶最新的交貨期限。 入庫預定有變更時，可以以實際時間再計算交貨期限 ，迅速地對應客戶成爲可能。 第1 5圖，是說明框管理·扣抵系統8進行再扣抵處 裡方法的圖。 例如，有商品A、商品B、商品C...等商品群。框管 理·扣抵系統8管理這些全部商品群的扣抵位處理。 框管理·扣抵系統8成爲可以進行各商品個別地再扣 抵處理。爲此，例如，若商品A之入庫預定被變更，則 框管理·扣抵系統8如第1 5 ( a )圖所表示，僅對商品A 進行再扣抵處理，而其他商品不進行再扣抵處理。 而框管理·扣抵系統8進行再扣抵處理期間，即使有 關於該商品之交貨期限的詢問也無法回答。因此，無法接 受來自客戶的訂購。 框管理·扣抵系統8對於商品A進行再扣抵處理期 間，無法對商品A的交貨期限進行答覆，但可以對其他 商品的交貨期限進行答覆。 第1 5 ( b )圖，是關於全部商品進行再扣抵處理時的 例子。如所述，關於全部商品進行再扣抵處理的系統，比 起進行各商品再扣抵處理之系統，架構非常簡單，因此架 -47- 1244602 (44) 構成本降低，而容易被採用。 但是，在第1 5 ( b )圖所表示之系統’即使當部分商 品的入庫預定被變更的情形下’也不得不進行全部商品的 再扣抵處理，無法回答交貨期限的時間變長。且，在無法 回答交貨期限的時間內，也無法接受新的訂單。 例如，假設平均1商品的再扣抵處理時間爲1分鐘， 商品種類有1 000種。 現在，當針對1個商品有入庫預定變更，則第1 5 ( a )圖的框管理·扣抵系統8針對該商品有1分鐘無法回答 交貨期限。 另一方面，以第1 5 ( b )圖的系統進行再扣抵處理的 情形下，針對全部的商品有1 0 0 0分鍾（約1 6小時）無法 回答交貨期限。 爲此，採用第1 5 ( b )圖之系統的業者，例如，變成 不得不在晚上集中再扣抵處理等，而無法像框管理.扣抵 系統8即時將最新的交貨期限回答客戶。 第1 6圖，是說明再扣抵處理之順序的流程圖。 以下的處理，是框管理·扣抵系統8遵照所定之程式 進ί了者。 首先，框管理·扣抵系統8特定1個必需再扣抵處理 的商品（步驟2 0 0 )。此爲，框管理·扣抵系統8所具備 之出貨預定資訊特定手段，藉由將包含被變更之資訊的出 貨預定資訊予以特定而進行者。 其次’框管理·扣抵系統8，關於該商品，使用從製 •48- 1244602 (45) 造公司所取得之最新的資訊更新入庫預定（步驟20 5 )。 此爲，出貨預疋資訊更新手段進行者。 接著，框管理·扣抵系統8使用已更新之入庫預定進 行扣抵處理（步驟2 1 0 )。扣抵處理的順序，與第13圖 表示的順序相同。 此爲再次分配手段進行者。 接著，框管理·扣抵系統8確認是否有其他必需再扣 抵的商品（步驟2 1 5 )。 有其他必需再扣抵的商品時（步驟2 1 5 ; Y )，回到 步驟200，對該商品進行再扣抵處理。 沒有其他必需再扣抵的商品時（步驟2 1 5 ; N )，結 束再扣抵處理。 [未來框處理] 接著參照第1 7圖針對未來框處理作說明。 製造公司製造商品時，集合大量商品製造的製造成本 較低。 爲此，而有販賣預測系統7 (第2圖）進行之各週的 販賣預測，與製造公司製造之商品數量有差距的情形產生 〇 如第〗7圖所表示，製造公司在第25週與第27週分 別集合200個商品製造。 相對此’販賣預測系統7的販賣預測爲每週i 〇〇個。 迨是因相對於每週販賣1 〇 〇個的販賣預測系統7的預測數 -49- 1244602 (46) 量，對製造公司而言，集合200個製造的成本較低所產生 的差距。 此時，框管理·扣抵系統8將在第2 5週所製造的 2 0 0個商品中的1 0 0個發配給第2 5週，剩下的1 〇 〇個發 配給第2 6週。 同樣地，第2 7週所製造的2 0 〇個商品也各移動1 〇 〇 個至第27週與第28週。 此結果與販賣預測之發配數量相等。 如此，管理中心5預先將數週內的販賣預測通知製造 公司，而製造公司，集合與販賣預測之合計數量相等的數 量來製造商品。 框管理·扣抵系統8，爲使成爲集合製造之預定商品 與販賣預測之發配輸量相等，進行移動並劃分可出貨數量 〇 此爲，框管理·扣抵系統8具備之移動手段進行者。 如上所述，依據使用集貨截止時間之交貨期限管理可 以得到以下的效果。 (1 )可以用時間單位掌握製造公司的入庫預定。 (2 )藉由使製造計劃中具有時間資訊，可以將已完 成之商品最快速地出貨，以較少的庫存對應客戶的訂購。 (3 )藉由配合運送車輛的發車時間來設定集貨截止 時間，當有客戶訂購時，可以進行將集貨時間作爲基點的 扣抵。 (4 )可以使用集貨截止時間與前置時間提示客戶正 -50- 1244602 (47) 確的交貨期限。 (5 )因爲是各商品獨立地進行再扣抵處理，所以可 以在短時間進行再扣抵處理。爲此，沒有必要中斷接單作 業。 (6 )因爲可以在短時間進行再扣抵處理，所以當入 庫預定變更時，根據最新的資訊以實際時間進行再扣抵處 理。 (7 )因爲可以用實際時間進行再扣抵處理，所以當 入庫預定變更時，可以迅速地將變更後的交貨期限通知客 戶。 接下來，參照第1 8圖針對設置於管理中心5的電腦 構成作說明。 該電腦，是以例如個人用電腦或作業用電腦等構成。 管理中心5，於控制部6 6介由匯流排線7 3連接輸入 裝置7 4、輸出裝置7 8、通訊控制裝置8 2、記憶裝置8 8、 記憶媒體驅動裝置7 6、輸出入界面8 4等的周邊機器而構 成。 匯流排線73，媒介在控制部66與週邊機器之間收發 訊的控制訊號或資料訊號的收發訊。 控制部66，遵照所定之程式執行販賣預測處理、框 管理處理、以及扣抵處理等商品配送所必要的資訊處理。 控制部66，係由CPU (中央處理單元）68、r0M ( 唯I賈|3憶體）70、RAM (存機存取記憶體）72等所構成 -51 - (48) 1244602 ROM70，是儲存CPU68爲執行各種演算或控制的各 種程式、資料以及參數等的唯讀記憶體。CPU 68可以從 ROM70讀取程式或資料、參數等，但無法置換消去。 RAM72，是於CPU68作爲工作用記憶體而被使用之 隨機存取記憶體。CPU68可以於RAM72寫入或消去程式 或資料等。 在本實施形態中，RAM72中，成爲可確保CPU68爲 執行販賣預測處理、框管理處理、扣抵處理、其他各種資 訊處理的區域。RAM 72中，展開發配額度構造並構成發 配額度資訊記憶手段。 輸入裝置74，例如由鍵盤或滑鼠等的輸入裝置所構 成。 承辦人使用輸入裝置7 4，可以進行販賣預測數量的 修正、或發配數量的修正等。 鍵盤，是對於管理中心5爲了輸入文字或爲了數字等 資訊的裝置。 鍵盤，是由爲了輸入日文假名或英文字等的按鍵或輸 入數字的數字鍵、各種功能鍵、游標鍵以及其他的按鍵所 構成。 滑鼠爲指標裝置。承辦人使用GUI (視窗介面）操作 軟體時，在顯示裝置上所顯示之按鍵或圖示等以滑鼠按下 ，可以進行所定資訊的輸入。 輸出裝置7 8，是由例如顯示裝置、印刷裝置等所構 成。 -52- 1244602 (49) 顯示裝置，是爲了將在例如C R T (陰極射線管）顯示 器、液晶顯示器、電槳顯示器等所構成之資訊於畫面上提 示的裝置。 顯示裝置，可以顯示販賣預測畫面或發配額度構造等 〇 顯示裝置，構成提示發配額度構造的提示手段。 發配額度構造可以由管理中心5提示之外’也可於製 造公司系統12中提示之。 只是，以製造公司系統1 2所提示之框構造’成爲以 不可檢索上位處3 2限制的範圍。 印刷裝置，是將例如販賣預測數量等的輸出資訊於紙 等印刷媒體印刷出來的裝置。印刷裝置，係由例如噴墨印 表機、雷射印表機、熱轉印印表機、點陣印表機等的各種 印表機裝置所構成。 通訊控制裝置82，是預先連接例如網際網路或LAN (區域網路）等的網路，再介由通訊電線連接設置於製造 公司系統1 2、配送公司系統1 3、販賣公司系統1 4的伺服 器裝置或終端裝置的裝置。 通訊控制裝置8 2藉由c P U 6 8被控制，並遵照所定的 協定執行訊號及資料的收發訊。 記憶媒體驅動裝置7 6，是爲了驅動可拆卸之記憶媒 體並進行資料讀寫的驅動裝置。作爲可拆卸之記憶媒體， 例如有光磁碟片、磁片、磁帶、半導體記憶體、將資料打 孔之紙帶、CD-ROM等。又，CD-ROM或紙帶可爲僅讀取 -53- 1244602 (50) 記憶裝置8 8 ’係由可讀寫之記憶媒體，和對於該記 憶媒體讀寫程式或資料的驅動裝置所構成。作爲該記憶媒 體主要是使用硬碟，但也可以由其他，例如光磁碟片、磁 片、半導體記憶體等的其他可讀寫之記憶媒體所構成。 S己憶裝置8 8，將儲存販賣預測程式5 0、框管理.扣 抵程式5 2、接單程式5 4、其他程式5 6等的各種程式、或 各商品的發配額度構造資料、或使用集貨截止時間之扣抵 資料等，在商品配送所必要之各種資料的資料庫5 8等予 以記憶。資料庫5 8，預先記憶於ram 72展開之發配額度 構造，這也構成發配額度資訊記憶手段。 CPU68，藉由驅動記憶裝置88之驅動裝置，對於記 憶裝置8 8可以執行程式或資料的讀取或書寫。 販賣預測程式50，是爲了使CPU68發揮販賣預測功 能的程式，藉由CPU68執行販賣預測程式5〇以構成販賣 預測系統7 (第2圖）。 此外，藉由CPU68執行框管理·扣抵程式52、接單 程式5 4 ’分別構成框管理·扣抵系統8和接單系統9。 其他的程式5 6，是由例如與製造公司系統1 2、配送 公司系統1 3、販賣公司系統1 4等進行通訊之通訊程式、 或使記憶體管理或輸出入管理等動作之基本軟體Ο S (作 業系統）等各種程式所構成。 又，在販賣公司系統】4，產生爲了顯示發配額度構 造之資料，也儲存爲了發訊至販賣公司系統M (提示手 -54- 1244602 (51) 段）的程式。 輸出入界面8 4，是由例如序列界面或其他規格的界 面所構成。藉由在輸出入界面84連接已對應於該界面之 外部機器，可以擴張功能。 在以上實施形態中，進行使用階層性之發配額度構造 的發配數量管理，再實施使用集貨截止時間的交貨期限管 理，但任一方法皆爲可由其它方法獨立出來之技術，也可 以架構進行任一方法的配送系統。 亦即，於發配數量的發配使用以往的方法，而於交貨 期限管理利用集貨截止時間，或者，使用階層性之發配額 度構造管理發配數量，而交貨期限管理利用以往的日單位 〇 又，在上述例子中，是將使用發配額度構造之發配’ 與使用集貨截止時間的交貨期限管理獨立來進行’但這些 也可以計劃性地組合。 亦即，發配額度的發配數量中，使具有集貨截止時間 資訊，並扣抵客戶期望交貨期限前的發配數量。 框管理·扣抵系統8，即使在下面的階層有可扣抵之 發配數量，但沒有期望交貨期限前之截止時間者的情形下 ，於上面的階層，將發配滿足數量與期望交貨期限兩者條 件之商品的發配額度予以檢索，有滿足關係時扣抵。 且，商品配送系統1適用於需要超過供給之商品更具 效果。此時，來自客戶之訂購不會混亂，可以區別客戶控 制之。 -55 - 1244602 (52) 本發明，可以適用將商品從出貨端配送至收件處的商 品配送系統。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖是表示本實施形態之商品配送系統的構成之一 例的圖。 第2圖是表示管理中心構成之一例的圖。 第3圖是表示販賣預測畫面之一例的圖。 第4圖是表示發配額度構造之一例的圖。 第5圖是說明扣抵時發配數量的平移的圖。 第6圖是說明將多數發配額度構造階層性構成的例子 的圖。 第7圖是說明發配處理的流程圖。 第8圖是說明扣抵處理的流程圖。 第9圖是說明集貨截止時間的圖。 第1 〇圖是說明集貨截止時間的圖。 第1 1圖是說明集貨截止時間的圖。 第1 2圖是說明計算交貨期限之方法的圖。 第1 3圖是說明使用集貨截止時間之扣抵處理順序的 流程圖。 第1 4圖是說明再扣抵處理的圖。 第1 5圖是說明框管理·扣抵系統進行再扣抵處理方 法的圖。 第1 6圖是說明再扣抵處理順序的流程圖。 -56- (53) 1244602 第1 7圖是說明未來框的圖。 第1 8圖是說明設置在管理中心之電腦的構成圖 【主要元件符號說明】 2 :標準出貨區域 4 :配送地區 7 :販賣預測系統 9 :接單系統 1 3 :配送公司系統 1 :商品配送系統 3 :商店配送區域 5 :管理中心 8 :框管理·扣抵系統 1 2 :製造公司系統 1 4 :販賣公司系統 -57-The following processing is performed by the frame management / deduction system 8 according to a predetermined program. First, the calculator i for calculating the item details is initialized to 0 (step 5). Second, for the item details of the item i, a planned storage is obtained. Quantity (step 10). This process is performed by the order quantity obtaining means provided in the frame management / deduction system 8. Then, in the distribution quota structure corresponding to the product breakdown, the distribution quantity is input using the predetermined amount of storage (step 15). This process is performed by the possible quantity setting means provided in the frame management / deduction system 8. The distribution amount is determined based on, for example, the predicted sales volume in each region, the priority of customers, or a predetermined ratio. Of course, other methods can also be used. If necessary, the contractor will adjust the amount of distribution. In addition, if there are small areas, etc. in the sales forecast, there are places where the sales forecast is applicable, and areas where the forecast is not applicable, the contractor will manually set the distribution amount for the areas where the sales forecast is not available. Next, it is determined whether or not a distribution quantity has been set for all product details (step 20). When there is an unassigned item breakdown (step 20; N), increase the calculator by only 1 (step 25) and return to step 10. -33- 1244602 (30) When all the item details have been distributed (step 20; Y), the distribution processing is ended. Fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a deduction processing procedure using a quota system. The following processing is performed by the frame management / deduction system 8 in accordance with a predetermined procedure. First, obtain the order quantity from the customer (step 50). This process is performed by the order quantity obtaining means provided in the frame management / deduction system 8. Secondly, specify the quota quota that is affiliated with the customer, and confirm whether the quantity of the quota quota is sufficient to be deducted (step 5 5). When the number of allotments is sufficient (step 5 5; Y), a deduction is made from the number of allotments. This processing is performed by the distribution means provided in the frame management / deduction system 8. Then, the number of quota quotas of this quota quota is updated to 値 after the distribution (= 値 before deductions · deductions) (step 75), and the process ends. This update process is performed by the update means provided in the frame management / deduction system 8. When the number of allotments is insufficient (step 5 5; N), confirm whether the allotment quota directly above can be referred to (step 60). If it cannot be searched because it cannot be searched for a higher position (step 60; N), it cannot be deducted, or all deductible quantities are deducted and the processing is ended. When the quota level above is available for reference (step 60; Y), confirm the number of quota levels above (step 65). -34- 1244602 (31) Next, it is determined whether there is a number of allotments that are insufficient to supplement the allocation quota (step 70). When the number of allocations is insufficient (step 70; N) 'return to step 60 for the allocation of the higher layer The quota continues to detect the number of distributions. When the number of allotments is sufficient (step 70; Y), a deduction is made from the quota amount, and the number of allotments is updated to be the one after the deduction (step 75), and the process ends. The following effects can be obtained by the deduction processing using the quota structure described above. (1) When deducting products from customers, you can set the number of distributions as the upper limit of deductions in the hierarchical quota structure of each customer. (2) For the products that have a quota system and are scheduled to be put in storage ’Because the destination can be set in advance, the vehicles can be distributed in a planned manner. (3) There is no need to stock up goods in the store distribution area 3 because planned car allocation and loading and unloading instructions for loading can be performed. For this purpose, the delivery vehicle can load and unload the goods in the store distribution area 3 and deliver the goods to the receiver. (4) The deduction is carried out from the lower quota of the affiliated relationship with the customer, but when the deducted quantity exceeds the allotted quantity, the deduction can be deducted from the higher-level quota. (5) By setting an unretrievable upper position in the quota quota structure ', it is possible to refer to the quota quota from the outside and limit it to a preset range of -35- 1244602 (32). In this way, without changing the hierarchical structure of the quota quota, it is possible to switch between individual frame management and overall frame management corresponding to the supply and demand status of the product. (6) The setting of the allocation quantity of the quota quota can be automatically set from the predetermined storage quantity by using a preset ratio or a sales forecast. (7) Because the quota structure is set for each product, the customer's characteristic sales method (segmentation) for the original product is possible, and the order from customers of the sales strategy can be more thoughtful. In addition, it is possible to set the number of distributions using the characteristics of the product. By using the issuing quota structure described above, the following configuration can be obtained. The present invention provides a product distribution system that uses the predetermined shipment quantity of a predetermined product in a predetermined period in the future to pre-allocate the above-mentioned products to a customer's product distribution system, which is characterized by the following information: , Setting the possible quantity setting means of the above-mentioned customer can order the above-mentioned orderable quantity information ', and the above-mentioned order-quantity information storage means which memorizes the above-mentioned quota information which is set, and obtained from the ordering customer who ordered the above-mentioned goods Order quantity acquisition means, and orderable quantity specified based on the orderable quantity information of the quota information that is affiliated with the above-mentioned ordering customers, and 'allocation means for allocating the above-mentioned ordering amounts to the above-mentioned ordering customers', and Using the above assigned amount, the above-mentioned orderable quantity information of the quota degree information is updated to an update means of the orderable quantity information after a specific allocation (using the first constitution of the issue of the quota degree structure of -36-1244602 (33)). In the above-mentioned first configuration, the above-mentioned quota quota information memorizing means forms the above-mentioned quota quota information into a hierarchical structure, and the hierarchical relationship information that specifies the hierarchical relationship with other quota quota information is stored in advance, and the lowest quota quota information is directly Incidental relationship with the above-mentioned customers, the quota quota information other than the lowest level is affiliated with the above-mentioned customers through the quota quota information which sets the hierarchical relationship with the quota quota information; the above-mentioned distribution means is from the quota quota information incidental to the above-mentioned ordering customers The lower layer of the information sequentially allocates the number of orders (using the second structure of the quota system). In the above-mentioned second configuration, a means for calculating a predicted amount of sale for calculating the predicted amount of the sale of the above-mentioned product by each selling target unit in the predetermined period is provided, and the possible number setting means uses the selling forecast of the selling target unit to which the ordering customer belongs. The quantity is determined by the orderable quantity information set by the quota quota information setting described above (the third structure using the quota quota structure) ° In the above second structure, there is a prompting means for presenting the orderable quantity information set in the quota quota information information For each reminder presented by the above-mentioned prompt means, set the range of the quota quota information that can be prompted by the orderable quantity information (using the fourth composition of quota quota). In the fourth configuration, the presenting object is added to correspond to any one of the lowest-level distribution quota information in advance, and the range of the presentable issuable quota-level information is to add distribution from the lowest-level distribution corresponding to the presently-submitted object. The quota information sets the quota quota information of the hierarchical relationship toward the upper layer (the fifth structure using the quota quota structure). -37- 1244602 (34) In the above-mentioned fifth configuration, the above-mentioned hierarchical relationship is set in advance to prohibit the upper level of reminding, and the above-mentioned prompting quota quota information is only to the place where the above-mentioned prohibition is indicated at the upper hierarchy (using the quota quota (Sixth configuration) In the second configuration described above, the hierarchical structure of the distribution quota information is set to each product (the seventh configuration using the distribution quota structure). [Delivery Deadline Management Using Collective Deadline] Next, a description will be given of the delivery deadline management processing of the collectible deadline using the frame management / deduction system 8. Compared with the deduction process using the quota structure, the deductible number is allocated by setting the distribution amount, and the deduction process of the collection time is used to set the delivery period of the deducted goods in a frame structure . That is, the quota quota structure is created every week, and the quantity of goods produced in that week is distributed to the quota quota structure. However, for example, during the week, 1,000 commodities were produced, 100 were produced on the first day, 200 were produced on the second day ... and so on. Therefore, even if the products are distributed to the same quota structure, the sooner they are produced, the sooner they are delivered to customers. Therefore, if you use the so-called concept of collection deadlines, you can accurately convey the delivery deadlines of the products that have been stored in stock (there is no such thing). To explain in more detail, first, the production plan information (scheduled storage) received from the manufacturing company is taken as a unit of time, and the cut-off of the goods delivery application is also taken as a unit of time. Then, the “deducted amount” from the customer is compared with the booked quantity and the set -38- 1244602 (35) the cut-off time of the goods, using the latest scheduled goods before the supply period expected by the customer and deducted. Take this as part 1 of the deduction rule. Hereinafter, this order will be described more specifically. In this embodiment, the delivery vehicle is one vehicle per day for each delivery, and the goods are delivered from the warehouse. Figure 9 (a) shows an example of the time distribution of goods that are not shipped from a warehouse. From this warehouse, delivery vehicles are sent daily to the Kyushu side and the Honshu side. In addition, the departure time does not need to be a fixed time, but for the sake of simplicity, here is a regular departure every day. In addition, the time allocation is the shipping schedule information that records the shipping time, the shipping quantity, and the cut-off time of the collection of goods. This information is sent from the manufacturing company system 1 to the box management. The deduction system 8 is stored in the frame management and deduction system 8 (a means for obtaining shipping information). The deadline for shipment applications to the Kyushu side is 12:00 a day, and the deadline for shipment applications to the Kyushu side is 14:00 a day. On the other hand, there are 25 stocks in this warehouse, and the storage of goods that can be shipped is scheduled to be 9:25, 13:25, 15:00 on April 1, 9:75 on April 2, 13:75 Each. . . . In this way, the storage company schedule is notified from the manufacturing company system 12 to the management center 5 in units of time. The current time is 8 a.m. on April 1st, and 50 orders are placed from customers in our Honshu Special Stores (Figure 9 (b)). -39-1244602 (36) The latest on-site collection deadline for customers in the state before the expected delivery deadline is 14:00 on April 1. The frame management / deduction system 8 uses this time as a base point to perform the deduction processing for the products that are scheduled to be stored. In addition, if the customer expects that the cut-off time of the collection in Honshu before the delivery deadline is 14:00 on April 2nd, the deduction will be made based on 14:00 on April 2nd. In this way, by using the latest collection deadline before the expected delivery deadline as a base point for deduction processing, when there is a customer expecting delivery within a short delivery deadline, it can be guaranteed to be deducted to the customer The possibility of goods becomes greater. Next, the frame management and deduction system 8 retrieves and confirms the planned number of stocks from the base point to the present, and then deducts the number of orders from the side close to the base point. For example, when there are 50 orders, the nearest base point (4 At 14:00 on January 1st), 25 customers (13:00 on April 1) will be deducted to the customer, and in the new time, 25 customers (9 at April 1) will be deducted to the customer. client. In this way, the frame management / deduction system 8 deducts 50 products from the base point toward the retrograde time. Assume that when the customer has 60 orders, back to the new time, and deduct 10 from the 25 currently in stock to the customer. Fig. 10 (a) is a diagram illustrating another example of the deduction. Now, there are orders from Honshu authorized shops] 50 orders come in. The latest collection deadline before the delivery deadline is 14:00 on April 1. -40- 1244602 (37) However, even if this time is used as the base point retroactive time ’, it is not possible to guarantee 150 scheduled storage quantities. For this reason, the frame management and deduction system 8 tries to use the next collection deadline (14:00 on April 2), which is the closest to the expected delivery date, as a base point to secure the product. First of all, the frame management and deduction system 8 ensures that the planned number of stocks closest to the base point (14:00 on April 2) is 75 (13:00 on April 2), and then the next predetermined number of stocks near the base point is 75 ( 9:00 on April 2), and deducted a total of 150 products to the customer. At this time, the actual delivery deadline becomes one day later than the customer's expected delivery deadline, but the delivery deadline that is closest to the customer's expected delivery deadline can be ensured and the customer's expectations can be met to the maximum. The customer is also notified of the delivery deadline after the deduction. Figure 10 (b) shows an example when the planned stock-in number to be deducted has been deducted. There are 50 orders from customers (specialized stores in Honshu) come in. As shown in Figure 10 (a), we will try to ensure that the products will be stored in the warehouse by using 14:00 on April 2 as a base point. However, the 7 closest warehouses (13:00 on April 2) have been allocated to other customers. For this reason, the frame management / deduction system 8 does not perform the allocation of the scheduled storage products, but attempts to allocate the next scheduled storage number near the base point. As such, allocations are made in a first-come-first-served basis. Use this as part 1 of the deduction rule. -41-1244602 (38) Frame management and deduction system 8, as described above, from the base point toward the retrogression time, 'ensure that there are 7.5 undeducted scheduled inventory items (at 9:00 on April 2), 2 5 (15:00 on April 1st) ... A total of 150 items are deducted to customers. Secondly, for the example of the items deducted from the current inventory, the first 11 (a) diagram will be described. Now, order 50 of them from one of Kyushu authorized stores. The customer expects that the latest collection deadline before the delivery deadline is 12 o'clock on April 1st. The frame management and deduction system 8 attempts to use this time as a base point to secure the goods and deduct them. First of all, from the base point, we will ensure that there are 25 or more of the closest items to be stored (at 9:00 on April 1st). Next, the frame management and deduction system 8 will return to the new time to ensure that it will be 2 to 5 of the current inventory. The frame management / deduction system 8 deducts 50 of these products to the customer. In this way, the frame management / deduction system 8 will also be used as a deduction for items currently in stock. Next, FIG. 11 (b) will be used to explain the case where 150 orders have been ordered from the customer. The frame management and deduction system 8 uses the cut-off time of 12 points on April 1st as the base point to try to secure the goods, but because only 50 can be secured, this time is not used as the base point, and the next one is closer to the present The time of the collection deadline (12:00 on April 2) is used as the base point. -42- 1244602 (39) From this base point towards the direction of the new time, ‘ensure that there are 1,500 undeducted items in stock and deducted to each household in Muhai. At this time, from 9:00 on April 2 to 9:00 on April 1, you can ensure 150 items in stock, so there is no need to deduct 25 items that become inventory. Fig. 12 is a diagram explaining a method for calculating a delivery deadline. First, the goods were picked up from the warehouse and departed from the standard collection area at 15:00 on April 1. The next delivery process of this product is scheduled to be loaded on other delivery vehicles at the loading and unloading base after 3 hours, and then placed on other delivery vehicles after 12 hours, and arrive at the destination after 4 hours. That is, the total 値 of lead-time is 19 (= 3 + 12 + 4) hours. The frame management and deduction system 8 memorizes the time required for each transportation route in advance, and can be used to calculate the delivery deadline. In this way, the frame management / deduction system 8 includes a required time calculation means. In addition, the above calculation of the delivery period has been simplified. In fact, it is also necessary to consider various actual situations such as vacations of manufacturing companies, vacations of shipping companies, loading and unloading times of shipping vehicles, and vacations of customers to calculate delivery deadlines. 'When the customer does not indicate the expected delivery deadline, the order acceptance date is used as the expected delivery deadline. Fig. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a deduction processing sequence using a cut-off time of the collection. The following processing is frame management. The deduction system 8 is performed in accordance with a predetermined procedure. -43- 1244602 (40) First, send order information from the sales company system 14 (Figure 2) to the order system 9 and the order system 9, and provide this to the frame management / deduction system 8 frame 1 processing / deduction The system 8 memorizes the information. In this manner, the frame management / deduction system 8 includes an order obtaining means. The frame management / deduction system 8 obtains the products to be deducted from the order information, the number of orders, and the expected delivery time (step 100). Second, the frame management / deduction system 8 uses the storage of the product It is expected that the latest collection deadline (step 105) before the deadline of the parent goods is expected. The cut-off time of the collection becomes the base point for the deduction process. This is the person who carries out the collection deadline selection means included in the frame management / deduction system 8. Next, the frame management / deduction system 8 searches the current time from the specified collection deadline to the current time, that is, back to the new time direction, retrieves the goods that are scheduled to be purchased (尙 undeducted) and secures the ordered quantity (step n 〇 ). This processing is performed by the search means provided in the frame management / deduction system 8. Next, the frame management and deduction system 8 judges whether the order quantity can be ensured (step 115) 'When the order quantity can be ensured (step 1 1 5; Y)', the customer can deduct these scheduled purchase goods that can be guaranteed to the customer (Step 1 2 0), the process ends. The deduction is box management. Performer of the distribution means provided by the deduction system 8 On the other hand, when the order quantity cannot be guaranteed (step 1 15; N), the next collection deadline is specified, that is, the specific ratio is specified in step 1 1 10 ' 44-1244602 (41), the collection deadline is later, and it is closest to the current collection deadline (step 12 5), and returns to step 1 1 0. After that, the process is repeated until the deduction ends. In addition, the frame management / deduction system 8 includes a database that memorizes the correspondence between customers and assigned products, and updates it along with the assignment (allocation information storage means). As described above, in this embodiment, when the order from the customer is deducted in the production plan, the most appropriate deduction is performed to provide logic to minimize the opportunity loss. In addition, when the deduction process is executed in a comprehensive manner, a control method is implemented so that the deduction result does not become unintegrated. [Re-deduction process] Next, the re-deduction process will be described. The manufacturing company will inform the management center of "5" for the storage reservation in time units. However, due to disputes, changes in holidays, maintenance of equipment, etc., the storage may be later than the reservation. When the storage schedule is changed due to the delay in storage, the management center 5 uses the latest information to carry out the re-deduction process and deducts again to calculate the delivery period after the change. In this way, the management center 5 can recalculate the delivery deadline in a timely manner when the delivery deadline is delayed, and notify the customer of the changed delivery deadline. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the case of delay in storage will be described. 'However, the delivery time can be recalculated in the same manner when the storage is earlier than scheduled. Figure 14 (a) is a pre-stocking chart showing a manufacturing company. -45- 1244602 (42) At the current time (8 April 1st), there are 2 5 items scheduled for storage at 9 a.m. on April 1 and 2 5 items scheduled for storage at 3 o'clock on April 丨A total of 50 have been deducted to a customer, and will be scheduled for collection at 14:00 on April 1. However, as shown in Figure 14 (b), at 14:30 on April 1, the goods are not in stock 'and cannot catch up with the deadline of the collection on April 1, 14. Therefore, the management center 5 received a notification from the manufacturing company, the main purpose of which is that the storage of these 50 products will be delayed, and the planned storage will be changed at 15:00 on April 1. In management center 5, box management. The deduction system 8 starts the deduction process after receiving the notification. First of all, 25 will be stored at 19:00 on April 1 and 25 will be stored at 13:00 on April 1 and 50 will be stored at 15:00 on April 1. As a result, the number of scheduled stocks at 15:00 on April i was ιιο. So, box management. The deduction system 8 first updates the storage reservation with the latest information from the manufacturing company. Secondly, the frame management and deduction system 8, as shown in Figure 14 (c), 'takes the closest collection deadline from now (14:30 on April 1) to 14 points on April 2 as the base point, From this base point to the direction of the new time, 50 of the orders that have been received from this customer will be deducted (scheduled for storage at 14:00 on April 2nd). In this way, the frame management / deduction system 8 performs a re-deduction process using the updated storage schedule. -46- (43) 1244602 In addition, the frame management and deduction processing 8 uses the cut-off time of the collection after the deduction processing, and then calculates the delivery deadline and informs the customer. As described above, in the present embodiment, when the warehousing schedule has been changed, the schedule table is updated with the latest information and a re-deduction process is performed. Then calculate the delivery deadline and contact the customer for the latest delivery deadline. When there is a change in the storage schedule, the delivery time can be recalculated based on the actual time, and it is possible to quickly respond to customers. Fig. 15 is a diagram illustrating a method of performing a redemption operation in the frame management / deduction system 8. For example, there are product A, product B, and product C. . . And other commodity groups. The frame management / deduction system 8 manages the deduction processing for all these product groups. The frame management / deduction system 8 enables each item to be individually deducted. For this reason, for example, if the storage schedule of the product A is changed, the frame management and deduction system 8 is shown in FIG. 15 (a), and only the product A is deducted, and other products are not deducted. Arrived. During the re-deduction process of the frame management / deduction system 8, even if there is an inquiry about the delivery date of the product, it cannot be answered. As a result, orders from customers cannot be accepted. The frame management and deduction system 8 cannot perform a response to the delivery time of the product A during the re-deduction processing of the product A, but can reply to the delivery time of other products. Figure 15 (b) shows an example when all products are redeemed. As mentioned, the system for redemption processing of all products has a simpler structure than the system for redemption processing of individual products. Therefore, the framework cost of -47-1244602 (44) is reduced and it is easy to adopt. However, in the system shown in Fig. 15 (b), "even when the warehousing schedule of some products is changed," all products have to be deducted, and the time for failure to answer the delivery deadline becomes longer. Also, new orders cannot be accepted within the time frame for which the delivery deadline cannot be answered. For example, suppose that the average redemption processing time for one product is 1 minute, and there are 1,000 types of products. Now, if there is a change in the storage schedule for one product, the frame management and deduction system 8 in Fig. 15 (a) cannot respond to the delivery deadline for one minute. On the other hand, in the case of redemption using the system shown in Fig. 15 (b), the delivery time cannot be answered for 100 minutes (about 16 hours) for all products. For this reason, operators using the system of Figure 15 (b), for example, have to focus on deducting and processing at night instead of frame management. The deduction system 8 responds to the customer with the latest delivery deadline immediately. FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating the procedure of the redemption process. The following processing is performed by the frame management and deduction system 8 in accordance with a predetermined procedure. First, the frame management / deduction system 8 specifies one product that must be deducted again (step 2 0 0). This is a method for specifying the shipping schedule information included in the frame management / deduction system 8 by specifying the shipping schedule information including the changed information. Next, the 'frame management and deduction system 8' uses the latest information obtained from the manufacturing company • 48-1244602 (45) manufacturing company to update the storage schedule for the product (step 20 5). This is the person who carried out the means of updating the shipping advance information. Next, the frame management / deduction system 8 performs the deduction processing using the updated storage schedule (step 2 1 0). The order of the deduction processing is the same as that shown in FIG. This is the redistribution means. Next, the frame management / deduction system 8 confirms whether there are other products that must be deducted again (step 2 1 5). When there are other products that must be deducted again (step 2 15; Y), return to step 200 to perform deduction processing for the product. When there are no other products that must be deducted again (step 2 15; N), the deduction is completed. [Future frame processing] Next, the future frame processing will be described with reference to FIG. 17. When a manufacturing company manufactures goods, the manufacturing cost of combining a large number of goods is low. For this reason, the sales forecast for each week conducted by the sales forecasting system 7 (Figure 2) results in a gap between the number of products manufactured by the manufacturing company and the manufacturing company. As shown in Figure VII, the manufacturing company in the 25th week and the In 27 weeks, 200 products were assembled. In contrast, the sales forecast of the 'traffic prediction system 7 is 100,000 per week. It is a gap due to the lower cost of integrating 200 manufacturing units compared to the forecast number of -49-1244602 (46) of the sales forecast system 7 that sells 1,000 weekly. At this time, the frame management and deduction system 8 will distribute 100 of the 200 products manufactured in the 25th week to the 25th week and the remaining 100 to the 26th week. . Similarly, the 2,000 products manufactured in the 27th week have each moved 1,000 to 27th and 28th weeks. This result is equal to the forecasted number of distributions. In this way, the management center 5 notifies the manufacturing company of the sales forecast in a few weeks in advance, and the manufacturing company collects a number equal to the total of the sales forecast to manufacture the product. The frame management / credit system 8 moves and divides the number of shipments in order to equalize the volume of the predetermined products that will be produced in the collective and the sales forecast. This is the mover for the frame management / credit system 8 . As described above, the following effects can be obtained by the management of delivery deadlines based on the deadline for collection. (1) You can use the time unit to grasp the storage plan of the manufacturing company. (2) With the time information in the manufacturing plan, the finished products can be shipped as quickly as possible, and the customer's order can be matched with less inventory. (3) Set the collection deadline by matching the departure time of the delivery vehicle. When a customer orders, the collection time can be used as a base point. (4) You can use the collection deadline and lead time to prompt the customer to confirm the -50- 1244602 (47) the correct delivery deadline. (5) Re-deduction processing is performed for each product independently, so re-deduction processing can be performed in a short time. For this reason, there is no need to interrupt the order receiving operation. (6) Because the re-deduction process can be performed in a short time, when the warehousing plan is changed, the re-deduction process is performed at the actual time based on the latest information. (7) Because the re-deduction process can be performed in real time, when the storage schedule is changed, the customer can quickly notify the customer of the changed delivery deadline. Next, the configuration of a computer installed in the management center 5 will be described with reference to Figs. The computer is constituted by, for example, a personal computer or a work computer. Management center 5, connected to the control section 6 through the bus 7 7 input device 7 4, output device 7 8, communication control device 8 2, memory device 8 8, memory media drive device 7 6, input / output interface 8 4 And other peripheral equipment. The bus line 73 transmits and receives control signals or data signals transmitted and received between the control unit 66 and peripheral devices. The control unit 66 executes information processing necessary for the delivery of goods such as sales forecast processing, frame management processing, and credit processing in accordance with a predetermined program. The control unit 66 is composed of a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 68, r0M (IJIA | 3 memory) 70, RAM (memory access memory) 72, etc. -51-(48) 1244602 ROM70, which is a storage unit The CPU 68 is a read-only memory that executes various programs, data, parameters, etc. of various calculations or controls. The CPU 68 can read programs or data, parameters, etc. from the ROM 70, but it cannot be replaced. The RAM 72 is a random access memory used by the CPU 68 as a working memory. The CPU 68 can write or delete programs or data in the RAM 72. In the present embodiment, the RAM 72 is an area that can ensure that the CPU 68 is used to execute sales forecast processing, frame management processing, credit processing, and various other information processing. In the RAM 72, the development quota structure is constructed and constitutes a means of storing quota information. The input device 74 is constituted by an input device such as a keyboard or a mouse. By using the input device 74, the contractor can perform corrections on the estimated sales amount or the distribution amount. The keyboard is a device for the management center 5 to input characters or numbers. The keyboard is composed of keys for entering Japanese kana or English characters, numeric keys for entering numbers, various function keys, cursor keys, and other keys. The mouse is the pointing device. When the contractor uses a GUI (window interface) to operate the software, the mouse can press the keys or icons displayed on the display device to input the predetermined information. The output device 78 is composed of, for example, a display device or a printing device. -52- 1244602 (49) A display device is a device that displays information such as a CRT (cathode ray tube) display, a liquid crystal display, and a paddle display on the screen. The display device can display a sales forecast screen or a quota system, etc. 〇 The display device constitutes a means of presenting a quota system. The quota quota structure may be presented by the management center 5 in addition to it's presentation in the manufacturing company system 12. However, the frame structure indicated by the manufacturing company's system 12 is limited to a range of 2 which cannot be searched for the upper position 32. The printing device is a device that prints output information such as the estimated sales amount on a printing medium such as paper. The printing apparatus is composed of various printer apparatuses such as an inkjet printer, a laser printer, a thermal transfer printer, and a dot matrix printer. The communication control device 82 is connected in advance to a network such as the Internet or a LAN (Local Area Network), and is then connected to the manufacturing company system 1 through a communication wire and installed in the manufacturing company system 1 2. The distribution company system 1 4. Server device or terminal device. The communication control device 82 is controlled by c P U 6 8, and performs transmission and reception of signals and data in accordance with a predetermined protocol. The storage medium driving device 76 is a driving device for driving a removable storage medium and reading and writing data. Examples of removable storage media include magneto-optical disks, magnetic disks, magnetic tapes, semiconductor memories, paper tapes for punching data, and CD-ROMs. The CD-ROM or paper tape may be a read-only-53-1244602 (50) memory device 8 8 ′, which is composed of a readable and writable memory medium and a drive device for reading and writing programs or data to and from the memory medium. As the storage medium, a hard disk is mainly used, but it may also be composed of other readable and writable storage media such as a magneto-optical disk, a magnetic disk, and a semiconductor memory. S Jiyi device 88 will store the sales forecast program 50 and the frame management. Deduction program 5 2, order receiving program 5 4, other programs 5 6 and other programs, or quota quota structure data of each product, or deduction data using the collection deadline, etc., all kinds of information necessary for product distribution The database of 5 8 etc. is memorized. Database 5 8 is pre-stored in the quota allocation structure developed in ram 72, which also constitutes a means of storing quota allocation information. The CPU 68, by driving the memory device 88, can execute programs or data reading or writing to the memory device 88. The sales prediction program 50 is a program for causing the CPU 68 to perform the sales prediction function, and the CPU 68 executes the sales prediction program 50 to constitute the sales prediction system 7 (Fig. 2). In addition, the frame management / deduction program 52 and the order receiving program 5 4 ′ are executed by the CPU 68 to constitute the frame management / deduction system 8 and the order receiving system 9 respectively. The other programs 56 are communication programs that communicate with, for example, the manufacturing company system 1 2, the distribution company system 1 3, and the sales company system 14, or the basic software that performs operations such as memory management or input / output management. S (Operating system) and other programs. Also, in the sales company system] 4, a program is created to display the quota structure and is also stored for transmission to the sales company system M (Reminder -54-1244602 (51)). The input / output interface 84 is composed of, for example, a serial interface or an interface of other specifications. By connecting an external device corresponding to the interface to the input / output interface 84, the function can be expanded. In the above embodiment, the distribution quantity management using a hierarchical quota structure is implemented, and then the delivery deadline management using the collection deadline is implemented. Either method of delivery system. That is, the conventional method is used for the distribution of the distribution quantity, and the collection deadline is used for the delivery deadline management, or the hierarchical distribution quota structure is used to manage the distribution quantity. In the above example, the distribution using the quota quota structure is performed independently from the delivery deadline management using the collection deadline, but these can also be combined in a planned manner. That is to say, among the allotment quantity of the allotment quota, the collection deadline information is provided, and the allotment quantity before the customer's expected delivery deadline is deducted. Frame management and deduction system 8, even if there is a deductible delivery quantity at the lower level, but there is no deadline before the delivery deadline is expected, the upper level will distribute the satisfied quantity and expected delivery deadline The quotas of commodities with both conditions are searched and deducted when there is a relationship. Moreover, the product distribution system 1 is more effective when it is applied to a product that needs to exceed supply. At this time, the order from the customer will not be confusing, and the customer can be controlled separately. -55-1244602 (52) The present invention can be applied to a product distribution system that distributes products from a shipping end to a receiving place. [Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a product distribution system according to this embodiment. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a management center. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a sales prediction screen. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a quota quota structure. Fig. 5 is a diagram explaining the translation of the number of distributions at the time of deduction. Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hierarchical structure in which a plurality of quota levels are structured. FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the distribution process. Fig. 8 is a flowchart explaining the deduction process. Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a deadline for collecting goods. Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating the deadline for collection. Fig. 11 is a diagram explaining the deadline for collection. Fig. 12 is a diagram explaining a method for calculating a delivery deadline. Fig. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a deductive processing procedure using a cut-off time of the collection. FIG. 14 is a diagram explaining the redemption process. Fig. 15 is a diagram for explaining a method for performing a redemption processing by the frame management / credit system. Fig. 16 is a flowchart illustrating the procedure of the redemption processing. -56- (53) 1244602 Figure 17 is a diagram illustrating the future frame. Figure 18 shows the structure of a computer installed in the management center. [Description of main component symbols] 2: Standard shipping area 4: Delivery area 7: Sales forecast system 9: Order receiving system 1 3: Delivery company system 1: Product Distribution system 3: Store distribution area 5: Management center 8: Frame management and deduction system 1 2: Manufacturing company system 1 4: Sales company system-57-