1235226 玖、發明說明 (發明說明應敘明：發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、內容、實施方式及圖式簡單說明） (一） 發明所屬之技術領域 本發明是關於一種電力之水加熱器，尤其是在浴室中所 使用者。 (二） 先前技術 在已被廣泛使用之電力水加熱器尤其是儲存熱水的浴室 中，冷水被進給到裝配有外殼保護之電力加熱元件之金屬 槽中，由於焦爾效應，在高溫下產生集中的熱，其可從加 熱元件向上擴散一直到槽的頂部。當到達所需溫度之時，一 個溫度感測器會關閉加熱元件，當熱水被抽光並且由冷水 取代時，可自動地使加熱元件閉路。 槽與亦爲金屬之外殻之間的空間塡充有絕緣材料，如玻 璃纖維，以防止熱散失。槽之容量一般在15與200公升 之間，但是若爲了塡滿浴槽的話，可能需要使用較大尺寸， 雖然對僅需要小容量如刮臉用者而言明顯地太大。 因而這些水加熱器具有相當的缺點。 短壽命，由於在金屬結構與位於中心且向下進入槽中之 被保護電力元件之間產生之散亂電流，造成金屬結構穿孔 及龜裂，並且亦使加熱元件本身由於產生之高溫而穿孔及 龜裂。 由於巨大之熱陡度（在元件中300°C+ 5000°C到水數十度）， 因而在轉移之時從元件到水會有相當大的熱損失。 -5 - 1235226 由於轉移熱到整個體積之水之困難，會產生很高的熱慣 性。 由於需要絕緣以支持在加熱元件中之很高溫度之故，製 造及運轉成本很高。 這些缺點因爲必須隨時保持水溫，甚至不需要使用時亦 然，因而更惡化。 iL三）發明內容 本發明不僅急遽地減少了上述缺點，而且加入了相當多 優點，將敘述如下。 本發明之標的爲一種電氣水加熱器，其具有水槽，其中 熱由供應到伸設於水槽整個外表面上高導電性電導體之螺 旋狀電力線圏的電能所轉換而產生。 電導體之橫剖面具有最小厚度，其可與機械強度以及在 熱產生之時用來決定發散到不同水位之水的體積中的熱之 最大發散之最大寬度匹配。 在一個實施例中，電導體爲銅所製成。 在另一個實施例中，水槽是由壓鑄鋁管所製成，其形狀 爲翻轉之瓶子，其具有圓形頂部以及削平之圓錐形底部， 在外圓筒壁上具有螺旋溝。 電力線圈被設置在此螺旋狀溝之內側。 水槽被安裝在外殼之中，其內部尺寸大於水槽之外部尺 寸，因而形成一個空穴，其中可插入有熱絕緣材料之塊。 熱絕緣材料最好爲聚氨基甲酸乙酯。 在一個實施例中，電導體之螺旋狀電力線圈被電性連接 -6- 1235226 到電子調整電路。該電性連接被設置在該線圈之末端，並 且在中間點，將該線圈從頂部開始於連續之高度上一個在 另一個下方而分離成許多部份A，B，C。當加熱開始時，電 子調整電路將所有可用之電力轉移到線圈之第1部份A ,如 上述從頂部第1個開始。 當在該第1部份A中之水的體積已被加熱到設定溫度時， 電路將可用之電力切換到線圈之次一部份B，然後如此在 前一個部份已被加熱之後，繼續到在電力線圈之下一個部 份中之水的體積已被加熱爲止。 電力線圈之第1部份A中所含之水可從頂部開始可通過 一個預設之管子而被抽離。 本發明提供了明顯的優點。 實際上，對其結構上可提供不限制之壽命，因其可避免 散亂電流之破壞性效應，並且亦可提供將電能轉換成熱之 裝置的服務壽命。 因爲熱在產生之時已經被擴散，在加熱元件中之最高溫 度水平實際上非常地低於目前所使用之裝置，因而可避免 很高的相關應力。 通常加熱元件所需要之熱阻絕緣材料不僅成本高，而且 壽命短，因而已不再需要。因爲熱產生裝置實際上伸設於 槽上方之所有長度，因而運轉成本由於較低的熱慣性而大 大地減少。 熱從熱產生器轉移到水是由產生器之大匹配表面與槽之 薄壁之間的傳導所促進。 -7- 1235226 將熱之產生及將熱轉移到水，自動地由一處體積到另一 處體積，從最上方部份到最下方部份集中之可行性，不僅 使加熱作用可被加速，而且可使一個體積之水可準備隨時 被使用。 因爲溫度保持很低，熱產生器在構造上之簡單性，不需 要特別的且高成本的絕緣裝置之故，故可以吹出擠型進行 製造，其製造成本尤其是槽可減少。 ί四）實施方忒 安裝的水加熱器1 0由鋁擠型槽1 1所製成，其具有圓筒 壁1 2，頂部1 3以及底部1 4。 冷水從連到通道2 0之具有水龍頭1 8及安全閥1 9的管子 1 7流出，而熱水經由水龍頭2 2及伸設到槽之頂部之內管 2 1而被帶到離開點2 3。 由銅線2 6及絕緣材料被覆2 7所製成之螺旋線圏2 5通過 圓筒壁12之周圍。 外殻3 0被設置在槽1 1之周圍，該外殼之內的底部具有 一個穿孔31 ,外殼之內尺寸大於槽1 1之外部尺寸，因而 形成一個空穴，其中插入有熱絕緣材料之塊3 5。 圖中可看出，在線圈2 5之末端的電極40，4 1被設置在 該發泡材料之內側，該電極從端子排4 5而來，用來由電 線4 6及插頭4 7而連接到電力設施。 第2圖顯示另一個實施例，其中槽5 0由塑膠製成，其 形狀似一個翻轉瓶子，具有管狀延伸部5 3，5 4通過削平 -8 - 1235226 孔形狀之穿孔5 2，以各別容納進入之冷水管及出去之熱水 管。 圓筒壁5 1具有螺旋溝5 5，線圈5 6有未被覆之電線5 7 被插入其中，由端子電極5 8 , 5 9而結合到連接器箱。 第3圖顯示第1圖之水加熱器60之另一種實施例，其 中螺旋線圈25具有與端子電極61，64及兩個更中間之電 極6 2，6 3之連接，因而將線圈從頂部分離成接連之部份A，1235226 发明 Description of the invention (The description of the invention should state: the technical field to which the invention belongs, the prior art, the content, the embodiments, and the drawings are simply explained) Especially in bathrooms. (2) Previous technology In widely used electric water heaters, especially bathrooms that store hot water, cold water is fed into metal tanks equipped with electric heating elements protected by the housing. Due to the Joule effect, at high temperatures A concentrated heat is generated, which can diffuse upward from the heating element all the way to the top of the tank. When the required temperature is reached, a temperature sensor turns off the heating element. When hot water is pumped out and replaced by cold water, the heating element can be automatically closed. The space between the slot and the metal shell is filled with insulating material, such as glass fiber, to prevent heat loss. The capacity of the tank is generally between 15 and 200 liters, but if you want to fill the bath, you may need to use a larger size, although it is obviously too large for users who only need small capacity such as shaving. These water heaters therefore have considerable disadvantages. Short life, due to the scattered current generated between the metal structure and the protected power element located in the center and down into the slot, causing perforation and cracking of the metal structure, and also perforating the heating element itself due to the high temperature Cracked. Due to the huge thermal steepness (300 ° C + 5000 ° C to tens of degrees of water in the element), there is considerable heat loss from the element to the water at the time of transfer. -5-1235226 Due to the difficulty of transferring heat to the entire volume of water, high thermal inertia is produced. Because insulation is needed to support the high temperatures in the heating elements, manufacturing and operating costs are high. These disadvantages are exacerbated by the fact that the water temperature must be maintained at all times, even when it is not needed. iL 3) Summary of the invention The present invention not only hastily reduces the above disadvantages, but also adds quite a few advantages, which will be described below. An object of the present invention is an electric water heater having a water tank, wherein heat is generated by converting electric energy supplied to a spiral-shaped power line coil extending over the entire outer surface of the water tank. The cross section of the electrical conductor has a minimum thickness that can match the mechanical strength and the maximum width used to determine the maximum divergence of heat in the volume of water dissipated to different levels when heat is generated. In one embodiment, the electrical conductor is made of copper. In another embodiment, the water tank is made of die-cast aluminum tube, the shape of which is a flipped bottle, which has a rounded top and a flattened conical bottom, and has a spiral groove on the outer cylinder wall. A power coil is disposed inside the spiral groove. The water tank is installed in the housing, and its internal dimensions are larger than the external dimensions of the water tank, thereby forming a cavity into which a block of thermal insulation material can be inserted. The thermal insulation material is preferably polyurethane. In one embodiment, the helical power coil of the electrical conductor is electrically connected to the electronic adjustment circuit -6- 1235226. The electrical connection is provided at the end of the coil, and at the middle point, the coil is separated into many parts A, B, C from the top at a continuous height one below the other. When the heating starts, the electronic adjustment circuit transfers all available power to the first part A of the coil, starting from the first one as described above. When the volume of water in the first part A has been heated to the set temperature, the circuit switches the available power to the second part B of the coil, and so after the previous part has been heated, it continues to The volume of water in the section below the power coil has been heated. The water contained in Part 1A of the power coil can be pumped from the top through a preset tube. The invention provides significant advantages. In fact, its structure can provide an unlimited life because it can avoid the destructive effects of stray currents and also provide the service life of a device that converts electrical energy into heat. Because the heat has been diffused when it is generated, the highest temperature level in the heating element is actually very much lower than the devices currently used, so that high related stresses can be avoided. Generally, the thermal resistance insulating material required for the heating element is not only costly, but also has a short life, so it is no longer needed. Because the heat-generating device extends substantially over the entire length of the tank, operating costs are greatly reduced due to the lower thermal inertia. The transfer of heat from the heat generator to water is facilitated by conduction between the large matching surface of the generator and the thin walls of the groove. -7- 1235226 The feasibility of concentrating the generation of heat and transferring heat to water automatically from one volume to another, from the top part to the bottom part, not only accelerates the heating effect, And make a volume of water ready for use. Because the temperature is kept low and the structure of the heat generator is simple, no special and costly insulating device is required. Therefore, it can be extruded for manufacturing, and the manufacturing cost, especially the groove, can be reduced. (4) Implementation side 忒 The installed water heater 10 is made of an aluminum extrusion groove 11 and has a cylindrical wall 12, a top 13 and a bottom 14. Cold water flows from a pipe 17 with a faucet 18 and a safety valve 19 connected to the channel 20, and hot water is taken to the exit point 2 3 through the faucet 22 and the inner pipe 21 extending to the top of the tank. . A spiral wire 5 25 made of a copper wire 26 and an insulating material covering 27 is passed around the cylindrical wall 12. The shell 30 is arranged around the groove 11 and the bottom of the shell has a perforation 31. The inner dimension of the shell is larger than the outer dimension of the groove 11 and thus forms a cavity in which a block of thermal insulation material is inserted. 3 5. It can be seen in the figure that the electrodes 40, 41 at the ends of the coil 25 are arranged inside the foamed material. The electrodes come from the terminal strip 45, and are connected by the wires 46 and the plug 47. To power facilities. Fig. 2 shows another embodiment, in which the groove 50 is made of plastic and is shaped like a flip bottle with a tubular extension 5 3, 5 4 by flattening a hole-shaped perforation 5 2 of -8-1235226 to separate Holds incoming cold water pipes and outgoing hot water pipes. The cylindrical wall 51 has a spiral groove 55, and the coil 5 6 has an uncovered electric wire 5 7 inserted therein, and is joined to the connector box by the terminal electrodes 5 8, 5 9. Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the water heater 60 of Fig. 1, in which the spiral coil 25 has connections to the terminal electrodes 61, 64 and two more intermediate electrodes 6 2, 63, thus separating the coil from the top Into successive parts A,
B，Ο 這些電極61-64與含有電路之調整裝置70連接，爲簡 化起見圖中未顯示，當加熱開始之時，電路自動地將所有 可用電力轉移到線圏中位於電極6 1與62的連接之間的 第1部份A。B, 〇 These electrodes 61-64 are connected to the adjustment device 70 containing the circuit, which is not shown in the figure for the sake of simplicity. When the heating starts, the circuit automatically transfers all available power to the wire. The electrodes 6 1 and 62 The connection between part 1A.
一旦在第1部份A中之水體積的溫度到達設定溫度之時， 電路將可用之電力切換到線圏之次一部份B，然後如此一 直到線圈之接連的部份中之所有體積之水已被加熱爲止。 (五）圖示簡單說明 . 本發明之特徵及目的可由下列實施例之詳細說明，參考 其附圖而更了解。 第1圖爲顯示本發明具有以鋁擠型管製成之槽的水加熱 器之縱剖面及壁之細部圖； 第2圖是本發明之另一實施例之縱剖面及壁之細部圖， 顯示一個塑膠製成之槽，在圓筒壁之外側上具有螺旋溝； 第3圖是電性連接之另一方式。 一 9 一 1235226 牛要部份之代表符號說明 10 水加熱器 11 鋁擠型槽 12 圓筒壁 13 頂部 14 底部 20 通道 18 水龍頭 19 安全閥 17 管子 22 水龍頭 21 內管 23 離開點 26 銅線 27 被覆 25 螺旋線圏 3 1 穿孔 40，41 電極 46 電線 47 插頭 50 槽 53，54 管狀延伸部 52 穿孔 5 1 圓筒壁 -10- 1235226 55 螺 旋 溝 56 線 圈 57 電 線 58 , 59 丄山 m 子· 電 極 61 , 64 上山 m 子 電 極 62 , 63 上山 m 子 電 極 70 調 整 裝 置 -11Once the temperature of the water volume in part 1 A reaches the set temperature, the circuit switches the available power to the next part B of the line, and so on until all the volumes in the successive parts of the coil The water has been heated. (5) Brief Description of the Drawings. The features and objects of the present invention can be understood in more detail by referring to the following embodiments in detail. FIG. 1 is a detailed view showing a longitudinal section and a wall of a water heater having a groove made of an aluminum extruded tube according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a detailed view showing a longitudinal section and a wall of another embodiment of the present invention, A groove made of plastic is shown with a spiral groove on the outside of the cylinder wall; Figure 3 is another way of electrical connection. -9 1235226 Description of representative symbols of the main parts of the cow 10 Water heater 11 Aluminum extrusion groove 12 Cylinder wall 13 Top 14 Bottom 20 Channel 18 Faucet 19 Safety valve 17 Pipe 22 Faucet 21 Inner pipe 23 Exit point 26 Copper wire 27 Cover 25 Spiral Coil 3 1 Perforated 40, 41 Electrode 46 Electric Wire 47 Plug 50 Slot 53, 54 Tubular Extension 52 Perforated 5 1 Cylindrical Wall -10- 1235226 55 Spiral Groove 56 Coil 57 Electric Wire 58, 59 Electrode 61, 64 Uphill m sub-electrode 62, 63 Uphill m sub-electrode 70 Adjustment device-11