TWI233817B - Fire escaping system - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates a fire escaping system for isolating smoke and lowering the temperature of the fire scene, comprising a ceramic glass disposed in a building for isolating smoke and temperature, a water sprinkling device disposed at a location apart from the ceramic glass with a specified distance for sprinkling a mist curtain, wherein a covering water film is formed on the ceramic glass while the sprinkling device sprays the mist curtain, for further isolating the smoke of the fire scene and lowering the temperature of the ceramic glass.

Description

1233817 V. Description of the invention α) [Technical field to which the invention belongs] This case refers to a fire escape system, especially a fire escape system used to isolate smoke from a fire field and reduce the temperature of the fire field. [Previous technology] According to statistics, everyone will encounter an average fire in their lifetime. In order to prevent the tragedy from repeating, everyone must have fire escape knowledge in order to save themselves; each building must also have appropriate fire escape equipment. To reduce personal injury. In a fire, a person caught in the fire must face three conditions: 1. Darkness: The power interruption caused by the fire causes people to suddenly fall into the darkness and lose their original sense of direction. Causes poor sight, which seriously affects the escape time and direction judgment. Heavy smoke: This is an invisible killer in a fire. Its components include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hot air, dioxin poison gas, and so on. 3. Temperature: It rises sharply in the fire, which will cause harm to the human body, because when the temperature is higher than 150 ° C, the physical function of the human body will immediately lose normal function. The main reason for the terrible fire is that the result of material burning during the fire process obviously threatens the lives of people, whether it is in the area of the fire or adjacent areas, but its relative severity depends on each fire situation. Escape doors are usually set up in public places or buildings.

1233817 V. Description of the invention (2) In the event of a fire, the escape door often cannot be opened smoothly due to crowding between people, delaying the escape time, and even then it was discovered that the escape door had already been sealed. In addition, flames and smoke can easily flow into the escape ladder and adjacent areas with the opened escape door, threatening the escapers and personnel in the adjacent areas. In order to improve the above-mentioned shortcomings, a variety of fire-resistant glass is available on the market. It can maintain its fire-resistant integrity and heat insulation for a certain period of time under fire conditions. It can also be designed as an escape channel, escape door, etc. , Fire-resistant structural parts and fire separation for buildings and ships. Fire-resistant glass is a new type of functional material for construction, with good light transmission and fire-retardant properties. Fire-resistant glass is divided into two categories according to its function. One is heat-insulating type, and the other is non-insulating type. Among them, the heat-insulating fire-resistant glass has the heat-insulating effect. The glass not only has the function of fire-proof zoning, but also has the same heat-insulation function. For example, the fire temperature is 900 degrees Celsius, but the heat-insulated fire-resistant glass can maintain a back temperature of less than 260 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes, which means that the heat-resistant age of the heat-resistant fire-resistant glass is 30 minutes, this time is the golden time that escape personnel can use to escape. The structure of the heat-insulating fire-resistant glass is shown in Figure 1. The general heat-insulating fire-resistant glass 1 is composed of fire-resistant glass 12 and a fire-resistant expansion glue 11 is poured between the two fire-resistant glass 12. The coefficient is large and it is easy to conduct the high temperature of the fire field, so it is necessary to block the high-temperature conduction effect by the fire-resistant expansion glue. The fire-resistant expansion glue will expand and thicken and harden when heated, and its low thermal conductivity coefficient is its short time.

1233817 V. Explanation of the invention (3) The reason for the interval heat, usually the heat-insulating fire-resistant glass is transparent like ordinary glass. After a few minutes of fire, the interlayer film begins to expand and develop into a thick foam-like insulation This kind of insulation layer can prevent the spread of flame and heat transfer, limit the fire to a small area near the ignition point, and play a role of fire prevention and thermal insulation. However, the biggest disadvantage of heat-insulating fire-resistant glass is that it must be continuously thickened with a layer of fire-resistant expansion glue and a layer of fire-resistant glass to improve the heat-insulation aging. This is like the heat-resistant fire-resistant glass is thick and expensive. Fire-resistant glass can be 20 to 30 cm thick, which will actually cause waste in the number of building floors and restrictions on interior design. If the use of poor-quality expansion rubber is prone to yellowing, this will also make the indoor landscape Affected by it, although there are so many shortcomings in heat-insulating fire-resistant glass, it cannot be broken and improved with the current technical level. The second type of fire-resistant glass is non-insulated fire-resistant glass, which only has the function of fire-proof zoning ^ Because it does not have the effect of heat insulation, it cannot be used in escape routes. Generally, non-insulated fire-resistant glass can be divided into three categories. The first, tempered glass, the second, wire glass, the third, ceramic glass, the first, tempered glass is also called float glass, and its production method is the use of ordinary glass for tempering process, that is, after heating ordinary glass to high temperature Then, immediately lower its temperature to increase the strength of the glass. Tempered glass can only be used as a fire protection zone. Because it does not have heat insulation, it cannot be used as an escape channel, and because of its large thermal expansion coefficient, if a fire occurs, Sprinkler

1233817 V. Description of the invention (4) The sprayed water may burst. Wire glass is a kind of safety glass produced by calendering method. When the glass liquid is formed between the calender rolls, the pre-heated metal wire or metal mesh is pressed into the glass plate to make the wire glass. . In the event of a fire, the wire glass can play a role in fire protection zoning, to isolate the fire field in an area, and when it is broken in a fire due to external forces, glass fragments will be fixed on the metal wire, will not cut and escape Personnel, although the wire glass has improved the danger that the strengthened glass may break and hurt people, it still does not have heat insulation and cannot overcome the situation where the sprinkler water curtain will burst in the fire place. Third, ceramic glass, which is made by mixing ceramics into fine particles into glass, has the characteristics of dense and uniform texture, no pores, no air permeability, and no water absorption, and its light transmittance can reach more than 85% and general strengthened glass. Similarly, because ceramic glass is composed of several materials with different thermal expansion coefficients, its thermal expansion coefficient is close to zero. However, ceramic glass still has no thermal insulation and can only be used as a fire protection zone. It cannot be installed in the escape channel.中 〇 Based on the above, we can know the disadvantages of heat-insulating fire-resistant glass are: 1. thick 2. expensive 3. easy to discolor the glue

1233817 V. Description of the invention (5) The disadvantages of non-insulated fireproof glass are: 1. No thermal insulation effect 2. Not suitable as an escape channel, all the above shortcomings need to be improved by the inventor. In the theory of fire prevention, it has been proposed that "a uniform water film on non-insulated fire-resistant glass can effectively achieve the effect of heat insulation." However, no one can achieve this goal today, so this should be the present day. Fire technology needs to work hard. Due to the lack of know-how, the applicant has carefully studied and researched, and developed a “fire escape system” in this case with a spirit of perseverance. [Summary of the Invention] The main purpose of this case is to provide a fire escape system, which increases the chance of escape for the public by isolating the smoke of a fire field and lowering the temperature of the fire field by a water film. In order to achieve this goal and improve the lack of the conventional technology, the present case provides a fire escape system, which is used to isolate the smoke of a fire field and reduce the temperature of the fire field. It includes: a ceramic glass, which is installed in a building. To isolate the smoke from the temperature; and a sprinkler device, which is set at a specific distance from the ceramic glass to spray a water mist curtain; wherein, the

1233817 V. Description of the invention (6) The water spraying device is formed while spraying the water mist curtain, and also forms a covering water film on the ceramic glass to further isolate the fire smoke and reduce the temperature of the ceramic glass. According to the above concept, the power source of the sprinkler device is a pump. According to the above concept, the power source of the sprinkler device is a pressure storage device. According to the above concept, the pressure storage device is composed of a pressure-resistant water storage container and a high-pressure gas steel cylinder. According to the above concept, the sprinkler head of the sprinkler device is a general sprinkler head. According to the above concept, the sprinkler head of the sprinkler device is a fine water mist sprinkler head. According to the above concept, the sprinkler device further includes a switch for activating the sprinkler device. According to the above concept, the switch is a manual switch. According to the above concept, the switch is a sensing switch. According to the above concept, the sensing switch is a temperature sensing switch. According to the above concept, the sensing switch is a smoke sensing switch. According to the above concept, the sprinkler device further includes at least one spray head. According to the above-mentioned concept, the water mist curtain can form a water wall. According to the above concept, the specific interval is less than 2 meters. According to the above concept, when the specific interval is less than 1 meter,

Page 10 1233817 V. Description of Invention (7) The effect achieved is particularly good. According to the above concept, the ceramic slope price is equal to oPpm /. c. The thermal expansion coefficient of gadolinium is less than the above concept, wherein the ceramic glass grate is a firewall. According to the above-mentioned concept, the pottery of Bolivia can set up δ ten according to the two buildings to isolate an escape route. According to the above concept, the ceramic glass is a fire door. , τ according to the requirements of the building

According to the above concept, the ceramic glass ^ ^ is a view t of the fire door. Design according to money needs According to the above concept, wherein the covering water film is a covering water mold. [Embodiment]

^ Refer to the second figure, which is the first structure diagram of the fire escape book 1, which is the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the second figure, this case is a fire escape system for isolating smoke from a fire field, 2 service 1 i, and 卩 + 5 Hai fire field temperature, which includes a ceramic glass = a sprinkler device 22, where the ceramic The glass 21 is fixed between a ceiling 23 and a floor 24 of a building, and the ceramic glass 21 is isolated from a fire escape channel in accordance with the fireproof design of the building to isolate the smoke and temperature of the fire. ; Wherein, the sprinkler device 22 has at least one spraying head 220, and the spraying head 22 0 is disposed at a distance from the ceramic glass.

Page 11 1233817 5. In the description of the invention (8), α is a distance within 2 meters. When a fire occurs, an escape person who is on the fire can manually control the manual switch 2 2 1 of the sprinkler device 2 2. This signal will be transmitted to the control panel 2 2 4 and the start valve 2 2 5 will be opened. The device 22 will make the water spraying device 22 spray a water mist curtain through the function of the pressure storage device 2 22. The sprinkler device 22 can adopt a common sprinkler device or a design of a fine water spray nozzle. If the design of a fine water spray is adopted, when the water pressure is greater than 60 bar, the water droplet generated is less than 5 0 0 // Under the condition of m, a water mist curtain can be formed, which has the advantages of large surface area and good heat absorption effect. At the same time, the water mist curtain also forms a water wall to isolate the smoke and temperature of the fire field. Most importantly, when the water mist curtain of the system is sprayed, a water film can be formed on the ceramic glass 21, and this water film can effectively reduce the temperature of the ceramic glass. Therefore, when the fire scene is located on the other side of the escape passage, the escape personnel located in the fire scene can observe the situation of the fire scene through the transparent ceramic glass 21 and rush into the escape passage without a fire point to seek escape. opportunity. Therefore, the fire escape system in this case can effectively reduce the temperature of the escape channel, so that the personnel on the fire field can not only use the escape channel to escape from the fire field, but also because the temperature of the escape channel can be effectively reduced without affecting the physiological operation of the human body. Escape smoothly. Please refer to the third figure, which is a structural diagram of a fire escape system according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the third figure, the fire escape system used to isolate the smoke from a fire scene and reduce the temperature of the fire scene includes a ceramic glass 31 and a sprinkler 32. The ceramic glass 31 is fixed between a ceiling 3 3 and a floor 3 4 of a building, and since the ceramic glass 31 is transparent,

Page 12 1233817 V. Description of the invention (9) In the absence of a fire, it can be used as an interior design landscape in a building, and the ceramic glass can be designed as an escape channel according to the fire escape channel requirements of the building. It can fully play the role of isolating the smoke and temperature of the fire field when a fire occurs. The sprinkler device 32 has a plurality of nozzles 3 2 0, and the nozzles 3 2 0 are disposed on the left and right sides of the ceramic glass, and a distance of / 3 from the ceramic glass. The distance is within 2 meters to facilitate the formation of a water film on the glass. At the same time, the sprinkler still has an inductive switch 3 2 1 and a pump 3 2 3. In the unfortunate event of a fire, the sensor switch 3 2 1 will sense smoke, this signal will be transmitted to the control panel 3 2 4 and open the start valve 325, and the sprinkler system 32 will be activated, so that the escaped person can use transparent ceramic glass 31 Observe the fire scene, and follow the escape route as the escape route. 0 If the sprinkler system 3 is used at this time, a general sprinkler is used to spray a water mist with a volume of more than 30 liters per minute per meter. Curtain, a water wall will still be formed, and the fire field smoke and temperature on both sides of the ceramic glass 31 will be partially isolated to increase the chance of escape. In addition, the escape route isolated by the ceramic glass 31 can also be effectively avoided. The burning of the fire field and the isolation of the smoke and temperature of the fire field, so the design in this case does indeed greatly increase the escape opportunities in the fire field. However, it is often overlooked that although the temperature of the fire scene has been isolated, as the fire continues to smolder, the temperature in the escape channel is bound to rise again and again, and in the event of a fire, it is likely to be affected by some factors Stuck in the fire, no

Page 13 1233817 V. The invention's rapid departure will make escape a major, sprinkle water film, and fall. As a result of the escape from the fire cave, because of entering the past to prevent (10) the opening of the building, the shortcomings were originally lost. Because the system 32 reduces the temperature of the escape channel in this way, we fire the escape system. At this time, we will survive here. The degree of the design channel formed by the base is higher than that of the superior system. If the temperature of the escape channel is too high, There is still a chance, and this is also the point of the conventional technology. The fire escape system water mist curtain in this case will form a lower temperature on the ceramic glass 31, which will make the temperature of the ceramic glass effective. The person who escaped did not get 150 degrees, but lost his physiological function and was buried. According to the description, the design of this case is actually an improved design. In addition, the case can be designed in addition to ceramic glass, which can be designed as an escape requirement, such as a firewall and a fireproof window. Escape systems must be integrated into the design of the building. In addition, the water pressure used in the sprinkler device (such as α and cold in the text) and the water mist curtain of the sprinkler head can be applied to the ceramic glass. Therefore, this case can be adjusted according to the actual situation. In addition to the field of application, another fire door, one such function, enter the setting, it is calculated, and the application period is reached. According to, a fireproof door can be a good place, and its installation design with ceramic glass must be to achieve a complete water film, the best effect for the site. The viewing windows of different buildings referred to in this case or the distance between fire prevention and fire escape in this case must be given priority to the conditions of the fire protection design they sprayed. In summary, although the conventional sprinkler system can reach a small Part of the function of isolating the fire smoke and temperature, but it can not be achieved to make the fire personnel smooth

Page 14 1233817 V. Description of the invention (11)

The purpose of escape; although the known ceramic glass can isolate the smoke and high temperature of the fire field, there is still no way to effectively reduce the temperature of the fire field, and it is easy for the escape personnel to die in the fire field because of the high temperature. The fire escape system in this case not only combines the advantages of a sprinkler and ceramic glass, but also can use it to form a complete water film on the ceramic glass to achieve the purpose of lowering the temperature of the ceramic glass. Personnel strive for more precious escape time, which is indeed a major progress for the escape from the battlefield where every minute counts. Therefore, this case not only increases the safety during escape, but also improves the shortcomings of the conventional technology that cannot effectively cool down. This is definitely a major improvement to the fire safety of the building. This case can be modified by anyone who is familiar with the art, but it is not as good as the protection of the scope of the application.

Page 15 1233817 Brief description of the diagram The first diagram is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional fire-resistant glass. The second figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fire escape system of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The third figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fire escape system of the second preferred embodiment of the present case. 0 Symbol description of components: 1: Fireproof glass glue 2: First preferred implementation 21: Ceramic glass 2 2 0: Nozzle 222: Pressure storage device 2 24: Control panel OL • Distance 2 4: Floor 3: Second preferred implementation 31: Ceramic glass 32 0: Nozzle 32 3: Pump 324: Control panel / 3: Distance 3 3 · Ceiling 1 2: Fire resistant Fire escape system 2 for glass example 2: Sprinkler device 2 2 1: Manual switch 2 2 5: Start valve 2 3: Fire escape system for ceiling example 32: Sprinkler device 3 2 1: Sensing switch 3 2 5: Start Valve 3 4: Floor 1 1: Expansion for fire protection

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Claims (1)

1233817 VI. Scope of patent application 1. A fire escape system, which is used to isolate smoke from a fire field and lower the temperature of the fire field, including: a ceramic glass, which is installed in a building to isolate the smoke from the fire Temperature; and a sprinkler device, which is arranged at a specific distance from the ceramic glass to spray a water mist curtain; wherein the sprinkler device is at the same time as spraying the water mist curtain, A water film is formed on the ceramic glass to further isolate the fire smoke and reduce the temperature of the ceramic glass. 2. The fire escape system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the power source of the sprinkler device is a pump. 3. The fire escape system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the power source of the sprinkler device is a pressure storage device. 4. The fire escape system according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the pressure storage device is composed of a pressure-resistant water storage container and a high-pressure gas cylinder. 5. The fire escape system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the sprinkler of the sprinkler device is a general sprinkler. 6. The fire escape system according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the sprinkler of the sprinkler device is a fine water mist sprinkler. 7. The fire escape system according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the sprinkler device further comprises a switch for activating the sprinkler device. 8. The fire escape system as described in item 7 of the patent application scope, wherein the switch is a manual switch. 9. The fire escape system as described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein the opening Page 17 1233817 6. Scope of patent application The switch is a sensor switch. 10. The fire escape system according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the sensing switch is a temperature sensing switch. 11. The fire escape system according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the sensing switch is a smoke sensing switch. 12 2. The fire escape system according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the sprinkler device further comprises at least one spray head. 1 3. The fire escape system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the water mist curtain can form a water wall. 14. The fire escape system as described in item 12 of the scope of patent application, wherein the specific interval is less than 2 meters. 15. The fire escape system according to item 12 of the scope of patent application, wherein the effect achieved is particularly good when the specific interval is less than 1 meter. 16. The fire escape system as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic glass is less than or equal to 0 ppm / ° C. 1 7. The fire escape system as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the ceramic glass can be designed as a firewall according to the requirements of the building. 18. The fire escape system according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the ceramic glass can be designed according to the requirements of the building to isolate an escape channel. 19. The fire escape system according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the ceramic glass can be designed as a fire door according to the requirements of the building. 20. The fire escape system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the ceramic glass can be designed as a viewing window on a fire door according to the requirements of the building. 2 1. The fire escape system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the ceramic Page 18 1233817 Page 19