1228981 玖、.發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種系統及方法，特別指一種可作為個 人居家日常保健配備之指部脈波量測分析系統及方法。 【先前技術】 5 人體奥秘千變萬化，其中包含各種不同之生理資訊， 即使同一人於不同狀態與時間下，其生理狀況亦可能不斷 改變，而循環系統對於人體健康情況與評估，具有相當基 本及重要影響。人體循環系統係以心臟為中心，經由心臟 收縮與舒張運動，輸送血液至全身各器官與血管中。依據 10 近年醫學論文得知，人體指尖脈波與心臟運動以至於其健 康狀態間，存有一明顯之特定關係。 第一圖所示即為一心電圖與標準指尖脈波波形之相對 關係圖。圖中左上方為一標準心電圖（ECG)波形，而與下 方之扣大脈波波形間存在一時間差（Q至起射點）。通常Q 15 點至T波終點該段期間為心臟收縮期，而τ波起始點至下 一 U點為心臟舒張期，對應此心臟運動波形，可獲得心臟 搏動與指尖脈波之關係。 圖中起射點代表心室開始收縮，亦為血液流入動脈之 起始點，隨血管内壓力增大，振幅亦逐漸上升至主波峰。 20 主波♦為脈波圖之最大振幅，此段波之上昇段表現心室之 快速射血，其上昇速度受血流阻力與血管順應性所影響， 而為第一輸出波。波形往下並形成一潮波，反映體内左心 室停止射血、動脈擴張及壓力下降等現象，是為第二輸出 波。而後，於潮波降支與重搏波升支間具有一波形向下之 1228981 切跡波，名為降中波，疋為動脈壓力排出時間，通常將其 疋義為心臟收縮與舒張之分界。最後則為下降支中較突出 之一明顯波，一般涊為係因主動脈瓣於心臟舒張早期閉合 ，血液迴流撞擊至其上，造成血液迴彈使主動脈壓力出現 5短暫擴張所造成之波形，是為第三輸出波而名為名為重搏 波。 是故，經由精確量測分析受試者之指尖脈波，將有助 於判斷其心臟機能以至於整體健康體能狀態。 【發明内容】 1〇 因此，本發明之首一目的，即在提供一種輕巧簡便而 可作為個人居家日常保健配備之指部脈波量測分析系統。 本發明之次一目的，在於提供一種量測精確之指部脈 波量測分析系統。 本發明之另一目的，在於提供一種以健康指標作為健 15 康狀態量化依據之指部脈波量測分析系統。 於是’本發明指部脈波量測分析系統，係用以自一受 試者之一指部量測脈波訊號而進行分析，該系統包括：一 訊號量測單元，量測該指部一待測處於一定時間内之一脈 波訊號；一訊號前處理單元，將量測單元獲得之脈波訊號 2〇 進行則處理；及一運算分析單元，將前處理單元處理後之 脈波訊號進行頻譜轉換並依一預定基準予以正規化，而後 依據該正規化之頻譜計算一預先定義之健康指數。 【實施方式】 本發明之前述以及其他技術内容、特點與優點，於以 1228981 下配合麥考圖式之一較佳實施例詳細說明中，將可清楚明 白0 首先如第二、三圖所示，本發明指部脈波量測分析系 統之較佳實施例，主要包括一量測一受試者指部1(示於第 5 五、六圖）特定待測處脈波訊號之訊號量測單元2、一將該 脈波訊號進行前處理之訊號前處理單元3，及一將前處理 單元3處理後之脈波訊號進行轉換運算之運算分析單元4 ，其主要實施步驟流程則如第四圖所示。 然需先行指出者，本實施例中該指部丨待測處係以手 ίο 指指尖11為例，而於其變化例中，該指部1待測處亦可 為手指或腳指（趾）之指尖或如指關節等其他部位，或進而 應用於人體如手腕等其他肢體軀幹處，皆屬於本發明之實 質範疇。 ' 15 如第一、五、六圖所示，本實施例中訊號量測單元2 及訊號前處理單元3係共同設置，而整體概呈—矩形盒體 Λ唬里測單元2係以發射及接收一通過該指部】待測指 尖U處之光訊號方式量測該脈波訊號，而主要具有一本 體21、-發射部22、-接收部23及-屢制件24。本體 2^内部具有—圓管形環壁⑴，以包圍界定—可供該指部 1前端穿設之環形通道212，環壁211内緣並形成一黑色 隔膜213’以阻隔外來光源之干擾。發射部22及接收部 23分別設於環壁211徑向上下之兩相對側，以分別沿通 道212控向發射及接收一光訊號，本實施例中光訊號係以 950nm波長之紅外線為例，然其他適#形式之可見光或非 20 1228981 可見光光源亦可適用。壓制件24具有分別穿設於環壁 211水平徑向兩相對側之兩相反端24卜使壓制件24大致 沿通道212徑向水平穿設，以供壓制於指部i待測之指尖 Π處上緣附近，本實施例中壓制件24係以一螺桿為=大 5 然不限於該元件。 如第二至六圖所示，當受試者指部丨伸入環壁2ΐι内 部之環形通道212,且以指尖U頂部（即指甲上緣）觸及 壓制件24時，即受壓制件24之壓制而獲得一穩定及定位 作用。同時，發射部22發出之紅外線向下通過指尖u對 1〇 應截面時，由於血液體積因心臟搏動引起血量變化所造成 相對透光度之不同，使接收部23接收之紅外線因之變化 /藉此原理可記錄指尖U脈波之光體積描記圖 (Piethysmograph)，以量測指尖u部位脈波訊號（第四圖步 驟 51) 〇 15 如第二至四圖所示，訊號前處理單元3主要具有一一 階濾波器31、一放大器32、一二階濾波器33、一控制器 34、一類比/數位（A/D)轉換器35、一儲存器祁、一顯示 器37及一校正模組38。由於訊號量測單元2係以非侵入 式之體表量測方式獲得脈波訊號，而易使人體生理訊號與 20 外在干擾訊號無法區別，尤其存在於日常環境中之 干擾訊號最為嚴重，一般電源中即隱含60Hz之干擾訊號 ’且人體生理訊號頻率亦多數位於〇至60Hz之間。是故 ’為獲取真實之人體生理訊號，訊號前處理單元3自訊號 里’則單元2接收部2 3輸入脈波訊號後’將先由一階低通 10 1228981 濾波器31濾除60Hz以上雜訊（步驟521)，再經放大器32 將原本微弱之脈波訊號放大適當倍數（步驟记2)，而後以 一階濾波器33徹底濾除因訊號放大後所產生之雜訊（ 步驟523)。 本實施例中控制器34係以一微處理器晶片模組為例 ，如美商德州儀器公司（TI)所生產之MSP43〇混合訊號微 處理益或其他適當產品，以作為訊號前處理單元3之控制 中心，且類比/數位轉換器35係内建於控制器34内，然 10 15 於其他變化例中，控制器34及類比/數位轉換器35亦可 分開設置。類比/數位轉換器35將自二階渡波器33輸入 之類比脈波訊號轉換為數位訊號（步驟524)，而後將該數 位訊號資料儲存於儲存器36(步驟525)，並經控制器以 之圖形化運算，將該數位訊號資料„轉換為對紅脈波 波形，以顯示於液晶顯示37(步驟526)。本實施例中儲存 器36係以一快閃記憶體（flash mem〇ry)為例，然亦可為 其他可重複寫入之固態記憶體、光儲存媒體（如光碟）γ 磁性儲存媒體（如磁碟、磁帶）或其他任何適當之數位次 儲存裝置。 胃料 此外，為預防放大器32因年代久遠或其它不明 20造成放大準位失真，訊號前處理單元3之校正模纟且3、 供受試者就放大器32之放大準位進行校正。校正模名可 包含一振盪器電路381、一訊號選擇電路3们及扣 位校正電路383，而藉振盪器電路381 唬準 座生一固定担 與固定頻率之正弦波校正訊號（步驟53ι)。於— '叔使用狀 1228981 態下，上述一階低通濾波器31輸入之訊號係來自訊號量 測單元2接收部23測得之指尖η脈波訊號，然當受試者 欲進行放大器32放大準位校正動作時，則可經訊號前處 理單元3外部之一訊號切換按鈕384致動訊號選擇電路 5 382(步驟532)，使輸入一階低通濾波器31之訊號由指尖 11脈波訊號切換為振盪器電路381產生之正弦波校正訊 號，並透過液晶顯示器37監視放大準位是否失調。而後 受試者可依據監視結果（步驟533至537)，透過訊號前處 理單元3外部之另一校正調整按鈕385而致動並控制訊 10 號準位校正電路383，以校正放大器32之放大倍數而 提高精確性（步驟538)。 第七A至七E及第八A至八C圖即分別例示經訊號 里測單元ζ ϊ測及訊號前處理單元3處理後，於顯示器 37所顯示之脈波圖形，其受試者資料及臨床意義分析將 15 於下配合運算分析單元4結果一併詳述。 本實施例中運算分析單元4係以一個人電腦為例，該 電細41内之一儲存裝置41儲存有可由該電腦執行之程式 軟體42。該儲存裝置41可為如硬碟、光碟、磁碟、磁帶 、記憶卡、快閃記憶體或其他適當形式之數位資料儲存媒 20體，而本實施例中程式軟體42係結合心⑽奶1228981 Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a system and method, and particularly to a finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system and method that can be used as a daily health care device for a personal home. [Previous technology] 5 The mystery of the human body is ever-changing, which contains a variety of different physiological information. Even if the same person is in different states and times, its physiological condition may continue to change. The circulatory system is of fundamental and importance to human health and assessment. influences. The human circulatory system is centered on the heart, and transports blood to various organs and blood vessels throughout the body through systolic and diastolic movements. According to 10 recent medical papers, there is a clear and specific relationship between the pulse waves of the fingertips of the human body and the health of the heart and thus its health. The first figure shows the relative relationship between an electrocardiogram and a standard fingertip pulse wave. The upper left of the figure is a standard electrocardiogram (ECG) waveform, and there is a time difference (Q to the firing point) between the waveform and the large pulse waveform below. Usually, the period from Q 15 to the end of T wave is the systole, and the start of τ wave to the next U is diastole. Corresponding to this heart motion waveform, the relationship between heart beat and fingertip pulse wave can be obtained. The ejection point in the figure represents the beginning of contraction of the ventricle, and is also the starting point of blood flow into the artery. As the pressure in the blood vessel increases, the amplitude gradually rises to the main peak. 20 The main wave is the maximum amplitude of the pulse wave chart. The rising section of this wave represents the rapid ejection of the ventricle. The rising speed is affected by blood flow resistance and vascular compliance, and is the first output wave. The waveform goes down and forms a tidal wave, which reflects the phenomenon that the left ventricle in the body stops ejecting, arterial dilatation and pressure drop, etc., and is the second output wave. Then, between the descending branch of the tide wave and the ascending branch of the heavy wave, there is a 1228981 notch wave with a downward waveform. Finally, it is a prominent wave in the descending branch. Generally, it is a waveform caused by the aortic valve closing in the early diastole of the heart, and the blood return hits it, causing the blood to rebound. It is called the heavy stroke wave for the third output wave. Therefore, accurate measurement and analysis of the subject's fingertip pulse waves will help judge their heart function and overall health status. [Summary of the invention] 10. Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to provide a finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system that is light and convenient and can be used as a daily health care device for individuals at home. A second object of the present invention is to provide a finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system with accurate measurement. Another object of the present invention is to provide a finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system based on a health index as a quantitative basis for a healthy state. Therefore, 'the finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system of the present invention is used to analyze the pulse wave signal from a finger of one subject for analysis. The system includes: a signal measurement unit for measuring the finger A pulse wave signal to be measured within a certain time; a signal pre-processing unit that processes the pulse wave signal 20 obtained by the measurement unit; and an operation analysis unit that processes the pulse wave signal processed by the pre-processing unit. The spectrum conversion is normalized according to a predetermined reference, and then a predefined health index is calculated based on the normalized spectrum. [Embodiment] The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and advantages of the present invention will be clearly understood in the detailed description of a preferred embodiment in conjunction with the McCaw pattern under 1228981. 0 First, as shown in the second and third figures The preferred embodiment of the finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system of the present invention mainly includes a signal measurement of a pulse wave signal at a specific place to be measured in a finger 1 of a subject (shown in Figures 5 and 6). Unit 2, a signal pre-processing unit 3 that pre-processes the pulse wave signal, and an operation analysis unit 4 that converts the pulse wave signal processed by the pre-processing unit 3, the main implementation steps are as in the fourth step. As shown. However, it is necessary to point out in advance that in this embodiment, the finger to be measured 丨 refers to the fingertip 11 of the hand, and in a variation example, the finger toe 1 may also be the finger or toe ( The fingertips or other parts such as the knuckles, or further applied to the trunk of other limbs of the human body such as the wrist, all belong to the essential scope of the present invention. '15 As shown in the first, fifth, and sixth figures, in this embodiment, the signal measurement unit 2 and the signal pre-processing unit 3 are set together, and the overall outline is-a rectangular box Λ blind measurement unit 2 is used to transmit and A pulse signal is measured by receiving a light signal at the fingertip U of the finger to be measured, and mainly has a main body 21, a transmitting portion 22, a receiving portion 23, and a repeating component 24. The body 2 ^ has a circular tube-shaped ring wall niche inside to surround and define a ring-shaped channel 212 for the front end of the finger 1 to pass through. The inner edge of the ring wall 211 forms a black diaphragm 213 'to block the interference of external light sources. The transmitting section 22 and the receiving section 23 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the ring wall 211 in the radial direction, and respectively transmit and receive an optical signal along the direction of the channel 212. In this embodiment, the optical signal is infrared light with a wavelength of 950 nm as an example. However, other suitable light sources in the form of visible light or non-20 1228981 visible light sources are also applicable. The pressed part 24 has two opposite ends 24 respectively penetrating horizontally and radially opposite sides of the ring wall 211 so that the pressed part 24 is approximately horizontally passed along the channel 212 for pressing on the fingertip i to be measured. Near the upper edge, in the present embodiment, the pressing part 24 uses a screw = 5 but is not limited to this element. As shown in the second to sixth figures, when the subject's finger 丨 extends into the annular channel 212 inside the ring wall 2ΐ, and touches the pressed part 24 with the top of the fingertip U (that is, the upper edge of the nail), the pressed part 24 is It suppresses and obtains a stabilization and positioning effect. At the same time, when the infrared rays emitted by the transmitting section 22 pass through the fingertip u corresponding to the 10-degree cross section, the difference in relative transmittance caused by the change in blood volume due to the change in blood volume caused by the heart beat causes the infrared rays received by the receiving section 23 to change. / This principle can be used to record the fingertip U pulse wave plethysmograph to measure the pulse wave signal at the fingertip u (step 51 in the fourth picture) 〇15 As shown in the second to fourth pictures, before the signal The processing unit 3 mainly includes a first-order filter 31, an amplifier 32, a second-order filter 33, a controller 34, an analog / digital (A / D) converter 35, a memory device, a display 37, and A correction module 38. Because the signal measurement unit 2 obtains the pulse wave signal by non-invasive body surface measurement, it is easy to make the human physiological signal indistinguishable from the 20 external interference signal, especially the interference signal existing in the daily environment is the most serious. The 60Hz interference signal is implied in the power supply, and the frequency of human physiological signals is mostly between 0 and 60Hz. Therefore, 'in order to obtain real human physiological signals, the signal pre-processing unit 3 comes from the signal', then the unit 2 receiving section 2 3 inputs the pulse wave signal 'will be filtered by a first-order low-pass 10 1228981 filter 31 Signal (step 521), and then the original weak pulse signal is amplified by an appropriate multiple by the amplifier 32 (step record 2), and then the noise generated by the signal amplification is completely filtered by the first-order filter 33 (step 523). In this embodiment, the controller 34 uses a microprocessor chip module as an example, such as the MSP43〇 mixed signal micro processor or other suitable products produced by Texas Instruments, as the signal pre-processing unit 3 Control center, and the analog / digital converter 35 is built in the controller 34. However, in other variations, the controller 34 and the analog / digital converter 35 may be separately provided. The analog / digital converter 35 converts the analog pulse wave signal input from the second-order torch 33 into a digital signal (step 524), and then stores the digital signal data in the memory 36 (step 525), and the graphics of the controller The digital signal data is converted into a red pulse waveform to be displayed on the liquid crystal display 37 (step 526). In this embodiment, the memory 36 is a flash memory (flash memory) as an example. However, it can also be other rewritable solid-state memory, optical storage media (such as optical discs), magnetic storage media (such as magnetic discs, magnetic tapes), or any other suitable digital storage device. 32 The distortion of the amplification level due to a long history or other unknown 20, the correction mode of the signal pre-processing unit 3 and 3, for the subject to correct the amplification level of the amplifier 32. The correction mode name may include an oscillator circuit 381 , A signal selection circuit 3 and a buckle correction circuit 383, and the oscillator circuit 381 is used to generate a sine wave correction signal with a fixed load and a fixed frequency (step 53). In the state of 8981, the input signal of the first-order low-pass filter 31 is from the fingertip η pulse wave signal measured by the receiving unit 23 of the signal measurement unit 2. However, when the subject wants to perform the amplifier 32 level correction operation , The signal selection circuit 5 382 can be actuated via a signal switching button 384 outside the signal pre-processing unit 3 (step 532), so that the signal of the input first-order low-pass filter 31 is switched from the fingertip 11 pulse signal to the oscillator The sine wave correction signal generated by the circuit 381 is used to monitor whether the magnification level is out of adjustment through the liquid crystal display 37. Then the subject can use another correction adjustment button 385 outside the signal pre-processing unit 3 according to the monitoring results (steps 533 to 537). The signal level correction circuit 383 is activated and controlled to correct the magnification of the amplifier 32 to improve accuracy (step 538). The seventh A to seventh E and the eighth A to eight C diagrams respectively illustrate the signal through After the measurement unit ζ measurement and the signal pre-processing unit 3 have processed the pulse wave pattern displayed on the display 37, the subject data and clinical significance analysis will be detailed below with the results of the operation analysis unit 4 together. In the embodiment, the operation analysis unit 4 is based on a personal computer, and a storage device 41 in the electronic device 41 stores program software 42 executable by the computer. The storage device 41 may be, for example, a hard disk, an optical disk, a magnetic disk, Magnetic tape, memory card, flash memory, or other appropriate form of digital data storage medium 20, and in this embodiment, the program software 42 is combined with palpitations
Basic與MATLAB兩應用軟體共同開發而成，以配合電腦其 他軟、硬體自動執行下述本單元4之功能流程，然其他程 式軟體工具亦可適用。 配合程式軟體42之執行，本單元之電腦4將與訊號 12 1228981 前處理單元3之控制器34連線，以自儲存器36擷取其儲 存之脈波數位訊號資料，而後對該脈波訊號進行快速傅利 葉轉換處理（FFT )，將資料由原時域（t ime domain)轉為 頻域（frequency domain)。配合第四圖所示，本實施例中 係將脈波訊號資料X[n]進行1024點之快速傅利葉轉換後 ，獲得頻域序列資料X[k]，n=0，l，2,··…，1999(步驟541)。 而後選出X[k]中之最大值而令該值為a(步驟542)，並如 下[式一]所示依a值將原1024點X[k]值正規化為x'[k](步 驟543)，最後配合正规化值x'[k]如下[式二]所示運算一 健康指數（Health Index，簡寫為Η· I.)(步驟544)。Basic and MATLAB applications are jointly developed to cooperate with other software and hardware of the computer to automatically execute the functional flow of this unit 4 described below, but other program software tools are also applicable. In cooperation with the execution of the program software 42, the computer 4 of this unit will be connected to the controller 34 of the signal 12 1228981 pre-processing unit 3 to retrieve the stored pulse wave digital signal data from the storage 36, and then the pulse wave signal Fast Fourier transform processing (FFT) is performed to transform the data from the original time domain (t ime domain) to the frequency domain (frequency domain). As shown in the fourth figure, in this embodiment, the pulse signal data X [n] is subjected to a fast Fourier transform of 1024 points to obtain frequency-domain sequence data X [k], n = 0, 1, 2, ... ..., 1999 (step 541). Then the maximum value of X [k] is selected and the value is a (step 542), and the original 1024-point X [k] value is normalized to x '[k] ( Step 543), and finally calculate a health index (Health Index, abbreviated as Η · I.) With the normalized value x '[k] as shown in [Expression 2] below (step 544).
Xf[k]= X[k]/a [式一] [〇2Z 15 Η·Ι·=(Σ X，[k]-a)xl0 Κ:ο [式二] 同時，為獲得脈波之主波峰，程式軟體 42將對自儲 存器36擷取之脈波數位訊號資料進行平滑化（sm〇〇th)及 線性預測係數（linear Predict coefficient，簡稱 Lpc) 處理（步驟551、552)，以獲得脈波圖形中各週期之最大振 幅（主波峰）(步驟553)，進而得出週期波並利用該關係， 即可算出心跳數（heart rate)(步驟554)。上述獲得之健康 指數、頻譜圖形及心跳數等資料，將自動儲存於電腦4儲 存敦置41内之一資料庫411或其他儲存位置（步驟561)， 且經處理而顯示於個人電腦41之―顯示器43螢幕上（步 13 1228981 驟562)供受試者或醫師參考。 接續回顧前述第七A至七E圖所示之指尖脈波圖。第 七A及七B圖分別為一 20歲及一 38歲健康男子量測結果 ，其中七A目與第一圖所示一般標準指尖脈波波形相類似 5 ，而七B圖之健康男子由於年紀較大，血管彈性已較差， 故其脈波之潮波較不隆起。第七c圖則測自一患有高血壓 之中年男子，第七D圖為一患有高血壓、高血脂與腎臟病 之老年人，第七β圖則為一患有高血壓、高血脂與心臟病 之老年人。從第七Α至七Ε各圖比較中可發現，具有心血 10管疾病所量測之脈波圖，其主波峰較為寬廣，且潮波與重 搏波皆無明顯徵兆，而與第一圖之標準指尖脈波圖有明顯 不同。 主於第八A至八C則皆為同一人於不同時間量測獲得 之指尖脈波圖。第人A圖及人B圖為受試者感覺身體不適 15 時所里測，其波形帶有劇烈變化之毛邊，不似健康圖形之 平滑曲線，於此特予說明者，該毛邊現象非屬一般雜訊， 而於其他實際量測結果中，患有心血管方面疾病之患者亦 有相同情況。第八C圖則為受試者身體狀況感覺正常時所 量測，雖仍存在少量毛邊，然與第八A及八B圖相較圖形 20 曲線已較為平滑。 第八A至八C圖經運算分析單元4進行快速傅利葉轉 換且正規化後，其波形分別如第九A至九C圖所示，且其 健康指數經運算分別為13、8及3。是故，由上述各波形 及其對應健康指數可初步獲得結論，越具劇烈變化毛邊之 14 1228981 波形其健康指數將相對提高，而較平滑且健康之波形，其 健康=數則呈現較小數值，亦即健康指數確可作為個人健 康狀怨之客觀而量化之參考指標。 5 10 15 20 —然需指出者，上述頻譜圖形正規化基準及健康指數之 ，義亦可做其他諸多變化，而非限定於本實施例所舉之計 算式或^數值。再者，健康指數與個人生理、心理或體能 健康狀態與疾病種類間之關係及參考指標值，尚須進—步 就大量不时齡、性別m讀康受試樣本，配合醫= 臨床診斷結果進行統計。 另須併予敘明者，本實施例中雖以訊號量測單元2及 訊號前處理單元3共同設置，而運算分析單元4則為—另 打獨立之個人電腦為例’然各單元2 i 4之配置型態亦可 作諸多變化’如將訊號量測單元2及訊號前處理單元3分 1又置或所有單元2至4皆設於單一裝置設備上等。 進而。之，各單疋2至4間之訊號傳輸方式亦可透過 有線或無線方式進行，或透過區域（LAN)、廣域（·Ν) =網際網路（lnternet)等網路系統進行。舉例言之，訊號 I測單元2及訊號前處理單元3可以㈣或可攜型式設於 =者端，而作為受試者之—居家日㈣健配備，運算分 析早7L 4則設於醫院，而透過網際網路與訊號前處理單元 3連線’使醫師可依據運算分析單元4獲得之健康指數、 頻暗圖形及心、跳數等資料，並配合料者於電話或直接透 過:路父談之主訴’給予各受試者保健或就醫建議，相對 亦節省文試者親自至醫院就診時間。 15 1228981 综上所述，本發明提供-種構造簡單、成本低廉、操 作方便之指部脈波量測分析系統，而可如現今血壓計^ 里深入普及至各家庭’成為個人或家庭常備或隨身攜帶之 曰常保健配備。藉由健康指數之訂定及計算，除提供一 5人健康狀態之量化客觀指標，供受試者保健就診或醫師^ 斷參考外，並可應用於如受試者經體能訓練後之成效評估 等諸多用途。而於實際量測效果上，訊號量測單元2之壓 制件24 i提供一穩定及定位作用，相較其他量測方式^ 更南之精度’是故，本案實為一具顯著功效增進之新賴發 10 明。 、又 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利 範圍及發明說明書内容所作之簡單等效變化與修飾，皆應 仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 15【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖為一心電圖及標準指尖脈波波形之相對關係圖 9 第二圖為本發明指部脈波量測分析系統之較佳實施例 之外觀配置示意圖； Ο 第三圖為該較佳實施例之系統方塊圖； 第四圖為該較佳實施例之主要步驟流程圖； 第五圖為該較佳實施例之一訊號量測單元使用狀態之 側向剖視示意圖； 第六圖為該訊號量測單元使用狀態之前向剖視示意圖 16 1228981 第七A至七E圖分別為經該較佳實施例之一訊號前處 理單元處理後獲得之脈波波形圖； 第八A至八c圖亦分別為經該訊號前處理單元處理後 獲得之脈波波形圖；及 第九A至九c圖分別為第八A至八c圖所示波形經該 較佳實施例之-運算分析單元進行快速傅利葉轉換且正規 化後獲得之波形圖。Xf [k] = X [k] / a [Formula 1] [〇2Z 15 Η · Ι · = (Σ X, [k] -a) xl0 Κ: ο [Formula 2] At the same time, in order to obtain the master of the pulse wave For wave crests, the program software 42 will smooth (sm00th) and linear predict coefficient (Lpc) processing of the pulse wave digital signal data retrieved from the storage 36 (steps 551, 552) to obtain The maximum amplitude (main peak) of each cycle in the pulse wave pattern (step 553), and then the periodic wave is obtained and the relationship is used to calculate the heart rate (step 554). The health index, spectrum graph, and heartbeat data obtained above will be automatically stored in a database 411 or other storage location in the storage setting 41 of the computer 4 (step 561), and displayed on the personal computer 41 after processing- The 43 screen (step 13 1228981 step 562) is for the reference of the subject or physician. Continue to review the fingertip pulse wave diagrams shown in the aforementioned 7A to 7E diagrams. Figures 7A and 7B show the measurement results of a 20-year-old and a 38-year-old healthy man, respectively. Among them, the 7A head is similar to the general standard fingertip pulse wave shape shown in the first chart5, and the healthy man in Figure 7B Due to the older age, the elasticity of the blood vessels is poor, so the tidal wave of the pulse wave is less uplifted. Figure 7c shows a middle-aged man with high blood pressure, Figure 7D shows an old man with high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, and kidney disease, and Figure 7 shows a high blood pressure, high blood pressure, and kidney disease. Blood lipids and heart disease in the elderly. From the comparison of the seventh A to Seven E pictures, it can be found that the pulse wave maps with 10 blood diseases of the heart and blood have a broad main wave peak, and there are no obvious signs of tide waves and heavy waves. The standard fingertip pulse wave pattern is significantly different. The masters from the eighth to eighth are the fingertip pulse waveforms obtained by the same person at different times. Figures A and B are measured at 15 when the subject feels unwell. The waveforms have sharply changed burrs, which are not smooth curves like healthy graphics. It is specifically explained here that the burr phenomenon is not General noise, but in other actual measurement results, patients with cardiovascular diseases have the same situation. Figure 8C is measured when the subject's physical condition feels normal, although there are still a few burrs, but compared to Figures 8A and 8B, the curve is smoother. The eighth A through eight C diagrams are fast Fourier transformed and normalized by the operation analysis unit 4, and their waveforms are shown in the ninth A through Nine C diagrams, respectively, and their health indices are calculated as 13, 8, and 3, respectively. Therefore, from the above waveforms and their corresponding health indexes, we can obtain a preliminary conclusion. The 14 1228981 waveform with more drastic changes in the burr will have a relatively higher health index, while the smoother and healthier waveform, the health = number will show a smaller value. That is, the health index can indeed be used as an objective and quantified reference index for personal health complaints. 5 10 15 20 — Of course, it should be noted that many other changes can be made to the above-mentioned standardization standard of the spectrum graph and the health index, and are not limited to the calculation formulas or values shown in this embodiment. Furthermore, the relationship between the health index and the individual's physical, psychological, or physical health status and the type of disease, and the reference index value, need to be further-a large number of samples from time to time, gender, reading and receiving samples, and medical = clinical diagnosis results Make statistics. It must also be described, although in this embodiment, the signal measurement unit 2 and the signal pre-processing unit 3 are jointly set, and the operation and analysis unit 4 is-a separate personal computer is taken as an example, then each unit 2 i The configuration of 4 can also be changed in many ways, such as placing signal measurement unit 2 and signal pre-processing unit 3 points and 1 or all units 2 to 4 on a single device. and then. In other words, the signal transmission method of each unit 2 to 4 can also be carried out by wired or wireless means, or through network systems such as area (LAN), wide area (· N) = Internet. For example, the signal measurement unit 2 and the signal pre-processing unit 3 can be set at the end of the portable or portable type, and as the subject's-home daily health equipment, calculation analysis as early as 7L 4 is located in the hospital, And the connection with the signal pre-processing unit 3 through the Internet 'enables the physician to use the health index, frequency and darkness graphs, heart rate, and heart rate data obtained by the operation analysis unit 4, and cooperate with the caller on the phone or directly through: The main complaint of Tan 'gives health care or medical advice to each subject, which also saves time for the test takers to visit the hospital in person. 15 1228981 In summary, the present invention provides a finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system with simple structure, low cost, and easy operation, which can be popularized to families in today's sphygmomanometers, becoming a personal or family standing or Always carry health care equipment. Through the establishment and calculation of the health index, in addition to providing a quantitative objective indicator of the health status of 5 people, it can be used for the subject's health care consultation or physician's reference, and can be applied to the evaluation of the subject's effectiveness after physical training. And many other uses. In terms of actual measurement results, the pressed part 24 i of the signal measurement unit 2 provides a stable and positioning effect. Compared with other measurement methods ^ more southern accuracy ', this case is a new and significant improvement in efficiency Lai Fa 10 Ming. However, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application and the content of the invention specification of the present invention , All should still fall within the scope of the invention patent. 15 [Brief description of the diagram] The first diagram is the relative relationship between an electrocardiogram and standard fingertip pulse wave waveforms. The second diagram is a schematic diagram of the appearance configuration of a preferred embodiment of the finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system of the present invention. 〇 The third diagram is a system block diagram of the preferred embodiment; the fourth diagram is a flowchart of the main steps of the preferred embodiment; the fifth diagram is a lateral section of the signal measurement unit in one of the preferred embodiments. Figure 6 is a schematic sectional view of the signal measurement unit before use. 16 1228981 Figures 7A to 7E are pulse waveforms obtained after processing by a signal preprocessing unit in one of the preferred embodiments. ; The eighth A to eight c diagrams are also the pulse waveform diagrams obtained after processing by the signal pre-processing unit; and the ninth A to nine c are the waveforms shown in the eighth A to eight c diagrams respectively. In the embodiment, the operation and analysis unit performs a fast Fourier transform and a normalized waveform diagram.
17 1228981 【圖式之主要元件代表符號簡單說明】 1…… …指部 384 訊號切換按鈕 11…… …指尖 385 校正調整按鈕 2…·" …訊號量測單元 41 儲存裝置 3 …··· …訊號如處理單元 411 資料庫 4 …··· …運算分析單元 42 程式軟體 21…… …本體 43 顯示器 22…… …發射部 23…… …接收部 24…… …壓制件 211… …環壁 212… …通道 213… …隔膜 31…… …·一階低通濾波器 32…… …·放大器 33…… …·二階濾波器 34…… •…控制器 35…… •…類比/數位轉換器 36 ….· •…儲存器 37 "… •…顯示器 38 "… •…校正模組 381 ·· …·振盪器電路 382 ·· …·訊號選擇電路 383 訊號準位校正電路 1817 1228981 [Brief description of the main component representative symbols of the drawing] 1 ……… finger 384 signal switching button 11 ……… fingertip 385 correction adjustment button 2… "… signal measurement unit 41 storage device 3… ·· ·… Signals such as processing unit 411 database 4… ..… operation analysis unit 42 program software 21…… body 43 display 22…… transmitting section 23…… receiving section 24…… pressed part 211…… Wall 212 ... Channel 213 ... Diaphragm 31 ... First-order low-pass filter 32 ... ... Amplifier 33 ... Second-order filter 34 ... • Controller 35 ... • Analog / digital conversion Device 36…. • • Memory 37 " ... • Display 38 " ... • Correction module 381 ····· Oscillator circuit 382 ··… · Signal selection circuit 383 Signal level correction circuit 18