200412896 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種系統及方法，特別指一種可作為個 人居家日常保健配備之指部脈波量測分析系統及方法。 【先前技術】 5 人體奥秘千變萬化，其中包含各種不同之生理資訊， 即使同人於不同狀態與時間下，其生理狀況亦可能不斷 改變，而循環系統對於人體健康情況與評估，具有相當基 本及重要影響。人體循環系統係以心臟為中心，經由心臟 收縮與舒張運動，輸送血液至全身各器官與血管中。依據 10近年醫學論文得知，人體指尖脈波與心臟運動以至於其健 康狀恶間，存有一明顯之特定關係。 第一圖所示即為一心電圖與標準指尖脈波波形之相對 關係圖目中左上方為一標準心電圖（ecg)波开》，而與下 方之指尖脈波波形間存在一時間差（Q至起射點）。通常q 15點至T波終點該段期間為心臟收縮期，而丁波起始點至下 一 U點為心臟舒張期，對應此心臟運動波形，可獲得心臟 搏動與指尖脈波之關係。 圖中起射點代表心室開始收縮，亦為血液流入動脈之 起始點，隨血管㈣力增大，振幅亦逐漸上升至主波峰。 20主波峰為脈波圖之最大振幅，此段波之上昇段表現心室之 、、、、射 八上幵速度叉血流阻力與血管順應性所影響， 而為第-輸出波。波形往下並形成一潮波，反映體内；心 室停止射血、動脈擴張及魔力下降等現象，是為第二輸出 波。而後，於潮波降支與重搏波升支間具有一波形向下之 200412896 切跡波，名為降中波，是為動脈壓力排出時間，通常將其 定義為心臟收縮與舒張之分界。最後則為下降支中較突出 之一明顯波，一般認為係因主動脈瓣於心臟舒張早期閉合 血液迴流撞擊至其上，造成血液迴彈使主動脈壓力出現 5短暫擴張所造成之波形，是為第三輸出波而名為名為重搏 波。 是故，經由精確量測分析受試者之指尖脈波，將有助 於判斷其心臟機能以至於整體健康體能狀態。 【發明内容】 10 因此，本發明之首一目的，即在提供一種輕巧簡便而 可作為個人居家日常保健配備之指部脈波量測分析系統。 本發明之次一目的，在於提供一種量測精確之指部脈 波量測分析系統。 本發明之另一目的，在於提供一種以健康指標作為健 15 康狀態量化依據之指部脈波量測分析系統。 於是，本發明指部脈波量測分析系統，係用以自一受 試者之一指部量測脈波訊號而進行分析，該系統包括：一 訊號量測單元’量測該指部一待測處於一定時間内之一脈 波訊说，一说说則處理早元，將量測單元獲得之脈波訊號 2〇 進行如處理，及一運鼻分析早元’將前處理單元處理後之 脈波訊號進行頻譜轉換並依一預定基準予以正規化，而後 依據該正規化之頻譜計算一預先定義之健康指數。 【實施方式】 本發明之前述以及其他技術内容、特點與優點，於以 200412896 下配合苓考圖式之一較佳實施例詳細說明中，將可清楚明 白。 首先如第二、三圖所示，本發明指部脈波量測分析系 統之較佳實施例，主要包括-量測-受試者指# 1(示於第 5 五、六圖）特定待測處脈波訊號之訊號量測單元2、一將該 脈波訊號進行前處理之訊號前處理單元3,及一將前處理 單元3處理後之脈波訊號進行轉換運算之運算分析單元* ，其主要實施步驟流程則如第四圖所示。 然需先行指出者，本實施例中該指部1待測處係以手 1〇指指尖11為例，而於其變化例中，該指部丨待測處亦可 為手指或腳指（趾）之指尖或如指關節等其他部位，或進而 應用於人體如手腕等其他肢體軀幹處，皆屬於本發明之實 質範疇。 如第二、五、六圖所示，本實施例中訊號量測單元2 15及訊號前處理單元3係共同設置，而整體概呈一矩形盒體 。吼唬篁測單元2係以發射及接收一通過該指部丨待測指 大11處之光訊號方式量測該脈波訊號，而主要具有一本 體21、一發射部22、一接收部23及一壓制件24。本體 21内部具有一圓管形環壁211，以包圍界定一可供該指部 20 1前端穿設之環形通道212,環壁211内緣並形成一黑色 隔膜213，以阻隔外來光源之干擾。發射部22及接收部 23分別設於環壁211徑向上下之兩相對側，以分別沿通 道212徑向發射及接收一光訊號，本實施例中光訊號係以 950nm波長之紅外線為例，然其他適當形式之可見光或非 200412896 可見光光源亦可適用。麼制件24具有分別穿設於環壁 211水平徑向兩相對側之兩相反端24卜使壓制件24大^ 沿通道2i2徑向水平穿設，以供壓制於指部"寺測之指尖 11處上緣附近’本實施例中壓制件24係以_螺桿為^ 然不限於該元件。 ίο 如第二至六圖所示，當受試者指部1伸入環壁211内 部之環形通道212,且以指尖u頂部（即指甲上緣）觸及 壓制件24時，即受壓制件24之壓制而獲得一穩定及定位 作用。同時，發射部22發出之紅外線向下通過指尖u對 應截面時，由於血液體積因心臟搏動引起血量變化所造成 相對透光度之不同，使接收部23接收之紅外線因之變化 ，藉此原理可記錄指尖丨1脈波之光體積描記圖 (Plethysmograph)’以量測指尖u部位脈波訊號（第四圖步驟 51) 〇 15 20 如第二至四圖所示，訊號前處理單元3主要具有一一 階遽波器31、一放大器32、一二階濾波器33、一控制器 34、一類比/數位（A/D)轉換器35、一儲存器祁、一顯示 器37及一校正模組38。由於訊號量測單元2係以非侵入 式之體表量測方式獲得脈波訊號，而易使人體生理訊號與 外在干擾汛號無法區別，尤其存在於日常環境中之6〇Hz 干擾成號最為嚴重，一般電源中即隱含60Hz之干擾訊號 ’且人體生理訊號頻率亦多數位於0至60Hz之間。是故 ’為獲取真實之人體生理訊號，訊號前處理單元3自訊號 ®測單元2接收部23輸入脈波訊號後，將先由一階低通 10 200412896 濾波器31濾除60Hz以上雜訊（步驟521)，再經放大器32 將原本微弱之脈波訊號放大適當倍數（步驟522)，而後以 一 /慮波器33徹底濾除因訊號放大後所產生之雜訊（ 步驟523)。 5 本實施例中控制器係以一微處理器晶片模組為例 ，如美商德州儀器公司（TI)所生產之MSp43〇混合訊號微 處理器或其他適當產品，以作為訊號前處理單元3之控制 中心’且類比/數位轉換器35係内建於控制器内，然 於其他變化例中，控制器及類比/數位轉換器亦可 1〇分開設置。類比/數位轉換器35將自二階濾、波器33輸入 之類比脈波訊號轉換為數位訊號（步驟524)，而後將該數 位訊號資料儲存於儲存器36(步驟525)，並經控制器34 之圖形化運算，將該數位訊號資料運算轉換為對應之脈波 波形，以顯示於液晶顯示37(步驟526)。本實施例中儲存 15 器36係以一快閃記憶體（flash memory)為例，然亦可為 其他可重複寫入之固態記憶體、光儲存媒體（如光碟）、 磁性儲存媒體（如磁碟、磁帶）或其他任何適當之數位資料 儲存裝置。 ' 此外，為預防放大器32因年代久遠或其它不明原因 造成放大準位失真，訊號前處理單元3之校正模組38可 供受試者就放大器32之放大準位進行校正。校正模組狀 包各振盪器電路381、一訊號選擇電路382及一訊號準 位校正電路383，而藉振盪器電路381產生一固定振幅 與固定頻率之正弦波校正訊號（步驟531)。於一般使用狀 20 200412896 心下，上述一階低通濾波器31輸入之訊號係來自訊號量 測單元2接收部23測得之指尖丨丨脈波訊號，然當受試者 '、進行放大器32放大準位校正動作時，則可經訊號前處 理單兀3外部之一訊號切換按鈕384致動訊號選擇電路 5 382(步驟532)，使輸入一階低通濾波器31之訊號由指尖 11脈波吼號切換為振盪器電路381產生之正弦波校正訊 就，並透過液晶顯示器37監視放大準位是否失調。而後 受試者可依據監視結果（步驟533至537)，透過訊號前處 理單兀3外部之另一校正調整按鈕385而致動並控制訊 1〇唬準位校正電路383，以校正放大器32之放大倍數而 提高精確性（步驟538)。 第七A至七E及第八A至八c圖即分別例示經訊號 里測單元2里測及號刖處理單元3處理後，於顯示器 37所顯不之脈波圖形，其受試者資料及臨床意義分析將 15 於下配合運算分析單元4結果一併詳述。 本實施例中運算分析單元4係以一個人電腦為例，該 電腦41内之一儲存裝置41儲存有可由該電腦執行之程式 軟體42。該儲存裝置41可為如硬碟、光碟、磁碟 '磁帶 、記憶卡、快閃記憶體或其他適當形式之數位資料儲存媒 2〇體，而本實施例中程式軟體42係結合Microsoft Visual Basic與MATLAB兩應用軟體共同開發而成，以配合電腦其 他軟、硬體自動執行下述本單元4之功能流程，然其他程 式軟體工具亦可適用。 配合程式軟體42之執行，本單元之電腦4將與訊號 200412896 前處理單元3之控制器34連線，以自儲存器36擷取其儲 存之脈波數位訊號資料，而後對該脈波訊號進行快速傅利 葉轉換處理（FFT)，將資料由原時域（time d⑽ain)轉為 頻域（frequency domain)。配合第四圖所示，本實施例中 5 係將脈波訊號資料X[n]進行1024點之快速傅利葉轉換後 ，獲得頻域序列資料X[k]，η=〇，ι，2,··…，1999(步驟541)。 而後選出x[k]中之最大值而令該值為a(步驟542)，並如 下[式一]所示依a值將原1024點X[k]值正規化為x,[k](步 驟543)，最後配合正規化值x,[k]如下[式二]所示運算一 10 健康指數（HealthIndex，簡寫為Η· I·)(步驟544)。200412896 发明 Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a system and method, and particularly to a finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system and method that can be used as a daily health care device for a personal home. [Previous technology] 5 The mystery of the human body is ever-changing, which contains a variety of different physiological information. Even under the same state and time, the physiological condition of the same person may continue to change. The circulatory system has a very basic and important impact on human health and assessment. . The human circulatory system is centered on the heart, and transports blood to various organs and blood vessels throughout the body through systolic and diastolic movements. According to 10 recent medical papers, there is an obvious specific relationship between the human fingertip pulse waves and the heart motion and even its health-like evil. The first figure shows the relative relationship between an electrocardiogram and a standard fingertip pulse wave waveform. In the top left of the figure is a standard electrocardiogram (ecg) wave open ", and there is a time difference between the fingertip pulse wave waveform below (Q To the firing point). Usually, the period from q 15 to the end of the T wave is the systole, and the starting point of the D wave to the next U is the diastole. Corresponding to this heart motion waveform, the relationship between the heart beat and the fingertip pulse wave can be obtained. The firing point in the figure represents the beginning of contraction of the ventricle, and is also the starting point of blood flow into the artery. As the blood vessel pressure increases, the amplitude gradually rises to the main peak. The 20 main wave peak is the maximum amplitude of the pulse wave chart. The rising section of this wave represents the ventricular velocity of the sacral velocity fork and blood vessel compliance, and is the first output wave. The waveform goes down and forms a tidal wave, which reflects the body; the phenomena of ventricular cessation of ejection, arterial dilatation, and decreased magic power are the second output waves. Then, there is a downward wave 200412896 between the descending branch of the tidal wave and the ascending branch of the heavy wave. The notch wave, named descending wave, is the time for arterial pressure to expel. It is usually defined as the boundary between systole and diastole. Finally, it is a prominent wave in the descending branch. It is generally believed that the aortic valve was closed and the blood returned to it at the early stage of diastole, which caused the blood to rebound and caused a brief expansion of the aortic pressure. The third output wave is named a repetitive wave. Therefore, accurate measurement and analysis of the subject's fingertip pulse waves will help judge their heart function and overall health status. [Summary of the Invention] 10 Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to provide a finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system that is light and convenient and can be used as a personal health care device for the home. A second object of the present invention is to provide a finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system with accurate measurement. Another object of the present invention is to provide a finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system based on a health index as a quantitative basis for a healthy state. Therefore, the finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system of the present invention is used to analyze the pulse wave signal from a finger of a subject for analysis. The system includes: a signal measurement unit 'measures the finger 1 The pulse signal that is to be measured within a certain period of time says that the early element is processed when it is talked about, and the pulse signal 20 obtained by the measurement unit is processed as such, and the early element of the nose analysis is processed by the pre-processing unit. The pulse wave signal undergoes spectrum conversion and is normalized according to a predetermined reference, and then a predefined health index is calculated based on the normalized spectrum. [Embodiment] The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and advantages of the present invention will be clearly clarified in the detailed description of a preferred embodiment in conjunction with the lingko diagram under 200412896. First, as shown in the second and third figures, the preferred embodiment of the finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system of the present invention mainly includes-measurement-subject finger # 1 (shown in Figures 5 and 6). A signal measurement unit for measuring and processing the pulse wave signal 2, a signal pre-processing unit 3 for pre-processing the pulse wave signal, and an operation analysis unit for converting the pulse wave signal processed by the pre-processing unit 3 *, The main implementation steps are shown in the fourth figure. However, it is necessary to point out in advance that in this embodiment, the portion to be measured of finger 1 is finger 10 of finger 10 as an example, and in a variation, the portion to be measured may also be a finger or toe The fingertips of the (toe) or other parts such as the knuckles, or further applied to the trunk of the human body such as the wrist, all belong to the essential scope of the present invention. As shown in the second, fifth, and sixth figures, the signal measurement unit 215 and the signal pre-processing unit 3 in this embodiment are provided together, and the whole is a rectangular box. The roar detection unit 2 measures the pulse wave signal by transmitting and receiving a light signal passing through the finger 丨 the finger to be measured 11 places, and mainly includes a body 21, a transmitting portion 22, and a receiving portion 23 And a pressed part 24. The body 21 has a circular tube-shaped annular wall 211 inside to surround and define a ring-shaped channel 212 through which the front end of the finger 20 1 can pass. The inner edge of the annular wall 211 forms a black diaphragm 213 to block interference from external light sources. The transmitting section 22 and the receiving section 23 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the ring wall 211 in the radial direction, and respectively transmit and receive an optical signal in the radial direction along the channel 212. In this embodiment, the optical signal is an infrared light with a wavelength of 950 nm as an example. However, other suitable forms of visible or non-200412896 visible light sources may also be suitable. The workpiece 24 has two opposite ends 24 respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the horizontal and radial sides of the ring wall 211 so that the pressing member 24 is large and horizontally arranged along the channel 2i2 for pressing on the fingers " Near the upper edge of the fingertip 11 'In the present embodiment, the pressing member 24 uses a screw as an example, but it is not limited to this element. ίο As shown in the second to sixth figures, when the subject's finger 1 extends into the annular channel 212 inside the ring wall 211 and touches the pressed part 24 with the top of the fingertip u (that is, the upper edge of the nail), the pressed part is the pressed part. 24's suppression to obtain a stable and positioning effect. At the same time, when the infrared rays emitted by the transmitting portion 22 pass downward through the corresponding section of the fingertip u, the difference in relative transmittance caused by the change in blood volume due to the heart beat caused by the blood volume changes, so that the infrared rays received by the receiving portion 23 change due to this. Principles can record fingertips 丨 1 pulse wave light plethysmograph 'to measure the pulse wave signal at the u position of the fingertip (step 51 of the fourth picture) 〇 15 20 As shown in the second to fourth pictures, the signal is pre-processed Unit 3 mainly has a first-order chirp waver 31, an amplifier 32, a second-order filter 33, a controller 34, an analog / digital (A / D) converter 35, a memory device, a display 37, and A correction module 38. Because the signal measurement unit 2 obtains the pulse wave signal by non-invasive body surface measurement, it is easy to make the human physiological signal indistinguishable from the external interference flood signal, especially the 60Hz interference signal that exists in the daily environment. The most serious, the 60Hz interference signal is hidden in general power supply, and the frequency of human physiological signals is mostly between 0 and 60Hz. Because of this, in order to obtain real human physiological signals, the signal pre-processing unit 3 inputs the pulse wave signal from the signal receiving unit 23 receiving unit 23, and then first-order low-pass 10 200412896 filter 31 filters out noise above 60Hz ( Step 521), the original weak pulse wave signal is amplified by an appropriate multiple by the amplifier 32 (step 522), and then the noise generated by the signal amplification is completely filtered by a wave filter 33 (step 523). 5 In this embodiment, the controller uses a microprocessor chip module as an example, such as the MSp43〇 mixed-signal microprocessor or other suitable products produced by Texas Instruments (TI) as the signal pre-processing unit 3 Control center 'and the analog / digital converter 35 is built in the controller. However, in other variations, the controller and the analog / digital converter can also be set separately. The analog / digital converter 35 converts the analog pulse signal input from the second-order filter and the wave filter 33 into a digital signal (step 524), and then stores the digital signal data in the storage 36 (step 525), and passes the controller 34 The graphic operation is performed to convert the digital signal data into a corresponding pulse wave waveform for display on the liquid crystal display 37 (step 526). In this embodiment, the storage device 15 is a flash memory as an example, but it can also be other rewritable solid-state memory, optical storage media (such as optical discs), and magnetic storage media (such as magnetic Disks, tapes) or any other suitable digital data storage device. In addition, in order to prevent the amplification level distortion of the amplifier 32 due to a long time or other unknown reasons, the calibration module 38 of the signal pre-processing unit 3 can allow the subject to correct the amplification level of the amplifier 32. The correction module includes oscillator circuits 381, a signal selection circuit 382, and a signal level correction circuit 383, and a sine wave correction signal with a fixed amplitude and a fixed frequency is generated by the oscillator circuit 381 (step 531). Under the general condition 20 200412896, the input signal of the above-mentioned first-order low-pass filter 31 comes from the fingertip measured by the receiving unit 23 of the signal measurement unit 2 and the pulse wave signal. When the 32-magnification level correction is performed, the signal selection circuit 5 382 can be actuated via a signal switching button 384 outside the signal pre-processing unit 3 (step 532), so that the signal input to the first-order low-pass filter 31 is at the fingertips. The 11-pulse howl is switched to the sine wave correction signal generated by the oscillator circuit 381, and the liquid crystal display 37 is used to monitor whether the amplification level is out of adjustment. The subject can then actuate and control the signal level correction circuit 383 according to the monitoring results (steps 533 to 537) through another correction adjustment button 385 outside the signal pre-processing unit 3 to correct the amplifier 32 Zoom in to increase accuracy (step 538). Figures 7A to 7E and 8A to 8c respectively illustrate the pulse wave patterns displayed on the display 37 after being processed by the signal measuring unit 2 and the signal processing unit 3, respectively, and their subject data. And the clinical significance analysis will be detailed below with the results of the arithmetic analysis unit 4 below. In this embodiment, the operation analysis unit 4 is a personal computer, and a storage device 41 in the computer 41 stores program software 42 executable by the computer. The storage device 41 may be, for example, a hard disk, an optical disk, a magnetic disk, a magnetic tape, a memory card, a flash memory, or other appropriate form of digital data storage medium 20. The program software 42 in this embodiment is combined with Microsoft Visual Basic. Developed with MATLAB two application software to cooperate with other software and hardware of the computer to automatically execute the functional flow of this unit 4 described below, but other program software tools are also applicable. In cooperation with the execution of the program software 42, the computer 4 of this unit will be connected to the controller 34 of the signal 200412896 pre-processing unit 3 to retrieve the stored pulse wave digital signal data from the memory 36, and then carry out the pulse wave signal. Fast Fourier transform processing (FFT) converts data from the original time domain (time d⑽ain) to the frequency domain. As shown in the fourth figure, in the fifth embodiment, the pulse signal data X [n] is subjected to a fast Fourier transform of 1024 points to obtain frequency-domain sequence data X [k], η = 〇, ι, 2, ... ..., 1999 (step 541). Then, the maximum value of x [k] is selected and the value is a (step 542), and the original 1024-point X [k] value is normalized to x, [k] ( Step 543), and finally cooperate with the normalized value x, [k] to calculate a 10 Health Index (HealthIndex, abbreviated as Η · I ·) as shown in [Expression 2] below (Step 544).
Xf[k]= X[k]/a [式一] H.I =(EXf[k]-a)xl0 K-o [式二] 15 同時，為獲得脈波之主波峰，程式軟體42將對自儲 存器36擷取之脈波數位訊號資料進行平滑化（㈣㈣及 線性預測係數（linearpredictc〇efficient，簡稱 Lpc) 20 處理（步驟551、552)，以獲得脈波圖形中各週期之最大振 幅（主波峰）（步驟553)，進而楫屮柄甘 斤 向传出週期波並利用該關係， 即可算出心跳數（heart rate)(步驟以4、 八步驟554)。上述獲得之健康 才日數、頻譜圖形及心跳數等资粗 寻貝枓將自動儲存於電腦4儲 存装置41内之一資料庫411或盆 一 1次其他儲存位置（步驟561)， 且經處理而顯示於個人電腦 41之一顯示器43螢幕上（步 13 200412896 驟562)供受試者或醫師參考。 接續回顧前述第七A至七E圖所示之指尖脈波圖。第 七A及七B圖分別為一 20歲及一 38歲健康男子量測結果 ，其中七A圖與第一圖所示一般標準指尖脈波波形相類似 5 ，而七B圖之健康男子由於年紀較大，血管彈性已較差， 故其脈波之潮波較不隆起。第七c圖則測自一患有高血壓 之中年男子’第七D圖為—患有高血壓、高血脂與腎臟病 之老年人，第七E圖則為一患有高血壓、高血脂與心臟病 之老年人。從第七A至七E各圖比較中可發現，具有心血 1〇管疾病所量測之脈波圖，其主波峰較為寬廣，且潮波與重 搏波皆無明顯徵兆，而與第一圖之標準指尖脈波圖有明顯 不同。 至於第八A至八C則皆為同一人於不同時間量測獲得 之指尖脈波圖。第八A圖及八B圖為受試者感覺身體不適 15時所置測，其波形帶有劇烈變化之毛邊，不似健康圖形之 平滑曲線，於此特予說明者，該毛邊現象非屬一般雜訊， 而於其他實際量測結果中，患有心血管方面疾病之患者亦 有相同情況。第八C圖則為受試者身體狀況感覺正常時所 量測，雖仍存在少量毛邊，然與第八A及八B圖相較圖形 20 曲線已較為平滑。 第八A至八C圖經運算分析單元4進行快速傅利葉轉 換且正規化後，其波形分別如第九A至九c圖所示，且其 健康彳曰數經運算分別為13、8及3。是故，由上述各波形 及其對應健康彳a數可初步獲得結論’越具劇烈變化毛邊之 14 200412896 波形其健康指數將相對提高，而較平滑且健康之波形，其 健康指數則呈現較小數值，亦即健康指數確可作為個人健 康狀態之客觀而量化之參考指標。 然需指出者，上述頻譜圖形正規化基準及健康指數之 5 $義亦可做其他諸多變化，而非限定於本實施例所舉之計 算式或參數值。再者，健康指數與個人生理、心理或體能 健康狀態與疾病種類間之關係及參考指標值，尚須進一步 就大量不同彳齡M生別之病患或健康受試樣纟，配合醫院 臨床診斷結果進行統計。 1〇 $須併予敘明者，本實施例中雖以訊號量測單元2及 訊號前處理單元3共同設置，而運算分析單元4則為-另 行獨立之個人電腦為例，然各單元2至4之配置型態亦可 作諸多變化，如將訊號量測單元2及訊號前處理單元3分 15開'3又置，或所有單元2至4皆設於單一裝置設備上等。 進而言之，各單元2至4間之訊號傳輸方式亦可透過 其他有線或無線方式進行，或透過區域⑽）、廣域（_ 或網際網路（Interne〇等網路系統進行。舉例言之，訊號 量測單元2及訊號前處理單元3可以固定或可攜型式設於 2〇党j者端，而作為受試者之一居家日常保健配備，運算分 〇析早元4則設於醫院，而透過網際網路與訊號前處理單元 3連線’使醫師可依據運算分析單元4獲得之健康指數、 頻譜圖形及心跳數等資料，並配合受試者於電話或直接透 過:路交談之主訴，給予各受試者保健或就醫建議，相對 亦節省受試者親自至醫院就診時間。 200412896 綜上所述，本發明提供_種構造簡單、成本低廉、操 7方便之指部脈波量測分㈣統，而可如現今域計般大 ϊ深入普及至各家庭，成為個人或家庭常備或隨身攜帶之 日常保健配備。猎由健康指數之訂^及計算，除提供一個 5人健康狀態之量化客觀指標，供受試者保健就診或醫師診 斷參考外，並可應用於如受試者經體能訓練後之成效評估 等諸多用途。而於實際量測效果上，訊號量測單元2之壓 制件24更提供-穩定及定位作用，相較其他量測方式具 更高之精度，是故，本案實為一具顯著功效增進之新 10 明。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請^利 範圍及發明說明書内容所作之簡單等效變化與修飾，皆應 仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 15【圖式簡單說明】 .第-圖為-心電圖及標準指尖脈波波形之相對關係圖 弟二圖為本發明指部脈波量測分析系統之較佳實施 之外觀配置示意圖； 20Xf [k] = X [k] / a [Formula 1] HI = (EXf [k] -a) xl0 Ko [Formula 2] 15 At the same time, in order to obtain the main peak of the pulse wave, the program software 42 will 36 The pulse wave digital signal data captured is smoothed (㈣㈣ and linear predictive coefficient (Lpc) 20) processing (steps 551, 552) to obtain the maximum amplitude (main peak) of each cycle in the pulse wave pattern (Step 553), and then send out periodic waves to the handle and use this relationship to calculate the heart rate (steps 4, 8 and 554). The number of healthy days and the spectrum graph obtained above Rough search for information such as heart rate and heart rate will be automatically stored in a database 411 or one other storage location in the storage device 41 of the computer 4 (step 561), and processed and displayed on a display 43 of the personal computer 41 The screen (step 13 200412896 step 562) is for the reference of the subject or physician. Continue to review the fingertip pulse wave diagrams shown in the aforementioned seventh A to 7E pictures. The seventh A and 7B pictures are 20 years old and 1 Measurement results of a 38-year-old healthy man, of which the general standard fingertip pulse wave shown in Figure 7A and Figure 1 The waveform is similar to 5, and the healthy men in Figure 7B are older and the blood vessels are less flexible, so the tidal wave of their pulses is less bulging. Figure 7c is from a middle-aged man with hypertension. The seventh picture shows the elderly with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and kidney disease, and the seventh picture shows the elderly with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and heart disease. Pictures from seventh A to seven E It can be found in the comparison that the pulse wave pattern measured for the 10-channel diseases of the heart and blood has a broad main wave peak, and there are no obvious signs of the tide wave and the heavy wave, but it is obvious from the standard fingertip pulse wave chart of the first figure. Different. As for the eighth A to eight C are the fingertip pulse wave diagrams obtained by the same person at different times. The eighth A and eight B pictures are measured when the subject feels unwell at 15 and its waveform The burr with sharp changes is not a smooth curve like a healthy figure. It is specifically explained here that the burr phenomenon is not ordinary noise, but in other actual measurement results, patients with cardiovascular diseases are also the same. Situation. Figure 8C is measured when the subject's physical condition feels normal Although there are still a few burrs, the curve of figure 20 is smoother compared to the eighth A and eight B graphs. After the eighth A to eight C graphs are fast Fourier transformed and normalized by the operation analysis unit 4, the waveforms are as follows The ninth figures from A to 9c are shown, and their health numbers are calculated as 13, 8, and 3. Therefore, from the above waveforms and their corresponding health numbers, a preliminary conclusion can be drawn. The health index of the 14 200412896 waveform will be relatively improved, while the smoother and healthier waveform, the health index will show a smaller value, that is, the health index can indeed be used as an objective and quantified reference index for personal health status. However, it should be noted that many other changes can be made to the above-mentioned standardization standard of the spectrum graph and the 5 $ of the health index, and are not limited to the calculation formulas or parameter values mentioned in this embodiment. Furthermore, the relationship between the health index and the individual's physical, psychological, or physical health status and the type of disease and the reference index value must be further tested on a large number of patients or health test samples of different ages, to cooperate with the clinical diagnosis of the hospital Results are counted. 10 $ must be described, although in this embodiment, the signal measurement unit 2 and the signal pre-processing unit 3 are set together, and the operation analysis unit 4 is a separate personal computer as an example, but each unit 2 The configuration types from 4 to 4 can also be changed in many ways, such as placing the signal measurement unit 2 and the signal pre-processing unit 3 minutes, 15 minutes, 3 seconds, or all units 2 to 4 on a single device. In addition, the signal transmission method between each unit 2 to 4 can also be carried out through other wired or wireless methods, or through network systems such as regional networks), wide area networks (_ or the Internet (Interne0). For example The signal measurement unit 2 and the signal pre-processing unit 3 can be fixed or portable at the party's end, and as one of the subjects' daily health care equipment, the analysis analysis element 4 is located in the hospital. By connecting to the signal pre-processing unit 3 through the Internet, the physician can use the health index, spectrum graph, and heartbeat data obtained by the operation analysis unit 4, and cooperate with the subject on the phone or directly via: The main complaint is to provide health care or medical advice to each subject, which relatively saves the subject's time to visit the hospital in person. 200412896 In summary, the present invention provides _ a kind of finger pulse volume with simple structure, low cost, and convenient operation. It can be used to measure the system, and it can be widely spread to families as today's domain plan, and become a daily or health care equipment that is kept or carried by individuals or families. The health index is set and calculated, except for providing a The five objective indicators of the health status of five people can be used as a reference for the subject's health consultation or doctor's diagnosis, and can be used for many purposes such as the subject's effectiveness evaluation after physical training. In actual measurement results, the signal The pressed part 24 of the measurement unit 2 provides more stability and positioning, and has higher accuracy than other measurement methods. Therefore, this case is really a new example with a significant improvement in efficacy. However, as mentioned above, It is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, that is, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the present application and the contents of the description of the invention should still belong to the present invention. Within the scope of patents. 15 [Simplified description of the figure]. The first figure is the relative relationship between the electrocardiogram and standard fingertip pulse wave. The second figure is a better implementation of the finger pulse wave measurement and analysis system of the present invention. Appearance configuration diagram; 20
第二圖為該較佳實施例之系統方塊圖； 第四圖為該較佳實施例之主要步驟流程圖； 第五圖為該較佳實施例之一訊號量測單元使用狀熊^ 側向剖視示意圖； ^The second diagram is a system block diagram of the preferred embodiment; the fourth diagram is a flowchart of the main steps of the preferred embodiment; the fifth diagram is a signal measurement unit using the shape bear in one of the preferred embodiments. Schematic sectional view; ^
第六圖為該訊號量測單元使用狀態之前向剖視示咅E 16 200412896 第七A至七E圖分別為經該較伟杳A/ ^ 平又佳實轭例之一訊號前處 理單元處理後獲得之脈波波形圖； 第八A至八C圖亦分別為經該訊號前處理單元處理後 獲得之脈波波形圖；及 第九A至九C圖分別為第八a至八c圖所示波形經該 較佳實施例之一運算分析單元進行快速傅利葉轉換且正規 化後獲得之波形圖。The sixth figure is a cross-section view of the signal measurement unit before use. E 16 200412896 The seventh A to seven E are processed by the signal pre-processing unit of one of the more powerful A / ^ flat and good examples. Pulse waveform diagrams obtained afterwards; Figures 8A to 8C are also pulse waveform diagrams obtained after processing by the signal pre-processing unit; and Figures 9 to 9C are Figures 8 to 8c respectively A waveform diagram obtained by performing fast Fourier transform and normalization of the waveform shown in the arithmetic analysis unit of one of the preferred embodiments.
17 200412896 【圖式之主要元件代表符號簡單說明】 1 ······ …指部 384 訊號切換按鈕 11…… …指尖 385 校正調整按鈕 2…·" …訊號量測單元 41 儲存裝置 3 …··· …訊號前處理單元 411 資料庫 4 ······ …運异分析單元 42 程式軟體 21…… …本體 43 顯示器 22…… …發射部 23…… …接收部 24…… …壓制件 211… …環壁 212… …通道 213… …隔膜 31…… … 階低通濾、波器 32…… …放大器 33…… …二階濾波器 34…… •…控制器 35…… •…類比/數位轉換器 36…… •…儲存器 37 "… •…顯示器 38 "… •…校正模組 381 ·· •…振盪器電路 382 ·· •…訊號選擇電路 383 訊號準位校正電路17 200412896 [Simplified explanation of the main components of the diagram] 1 ······… finger 384 signal switching button 11…… fingertip 385 correction adjustment button 2… &&;… signal measurement unit 41 storage device 3… ..… signal pre-processing unit 411 database 4………… analysis unit 42 program software 21…… main body 43 display 22…… transmitting unit 23…… receiving unit 24 …… … Pressing part 211… ring wall 212… channel 213… diaphragm 31 …… order low-pass filter 32… amplifier 33 …… second order filter 34…… controller 35… • … Analog / digital converter 36… •… Memory 37 "… •… Display 38 "… •… Correction module 381 ····· Oscillator circuit 382 ·· •… Signal selection circuit 383 Signal level correction Electric circuit
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