1225847 玖、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種固化含重金屬污泥之方法及其處理 劑，由其係指一種可以有效固化重金屬污泥，且可節省水 泥用量以降低處理成本之固化含重金屬污泥之方法及其處 理劑。 【先前技術】 一般重金屬污染污泥之處理方式多利用混凝土加以固 化後使其達到重金屬物質不會外渗溢出之標準，再進行 掩埋處理等；其他亦有利用化學物質與重金屬物質進行化 子反應使其反應生成結構安定，且較無害於人體之化學 產物，再將其進行排放者。 由於污泥内所含有成分之不同，因此所相對應之處理 方式亦有所不同。中華民國專利公告第323242號「有害 廢棄物之無害化處理方法及使用於此方法之無害化處理^ 」即是利用添加丹寧酸、木醋酸為主之稀釋水溶液中含有 離子狀態之鈉、鉀、鈣、鋰、鋇、鈷或鎳、銅、鋅所組成 之無害化處理劑，使得廢棄物中之有害物質消失者，然此 種處理方式雖可以除去污泥中之有害物f，但是處理成本 過高，不符合經濟效應。 又’中華民國專利公告第203594號「含高鹽分污泥之 固化技術」則是以水泥、爐石、飛灰等將含有硫酸鈉、硝 酸納或氣化納等單獨鹽類或兩種以上之複合鹽類加以固成 型’但此種處理法之水泥用量過大，同樣造成處理成本過 1225847 高，而不符合經濟效應。 另有研究指出，水泥與污泥之比值為〇 · 1 5時，鉛、 鉻、銅之T C L P溶出濃度已低於環保署法規標準，但抗 壓強度試驗卻無法達到1 〇 K g/ c m 2之標準，因此必 須添加強塑劑方可達到環保署之法規標準。若不添加強塑 劑’則水泥與污泥比值至少必須提高到1 · 〇以上方可符合 標準，如此一來，水泥之用量又過大，因此會造成處理成 本之增加。 【發明内容】 本發明人有鑑於上述處理重金屬污泥方法之缺點，發 現若能降低水泥之使用量，又可確保其抗壓強度符合環保 法規標準，則可以大幅降低重金屬污泥之處理成本，因此 開始著手進行研究，以期可提供一種可有效處理重金屬污 泥’又可降低水泥用量並達環保署法規標準之重金屬污泥 之固化方法，經過不斷的試驗及努力，終於開發出本發明 〇 本發明之主要目的在於提供一種可降低水泥之使用量 ’又可使得固化後之污泥抗壓強度符合環保署法規標準之 固化含重金屬污泥之方法及其處理劑。 為了達到上述發明目的，本發明乃採取以下之技術手 段予以達成，其中本發明乃是將含銅、辞、鎳之重金屬污 泥或土壤進行粉碎，再將其置入混練設備中，於混練設備 中添加無機性重金屬安定劑、水泥、水及有機性固化強化 劑’經過混練程序後則成為無危害性之固化體。 1225847 本發明方法所使用之處理劑為水泥、矽酸鈉、碳酸鈉 、碳酸鉀、氣化鈣、氣化銨、氣化鎂、氟化鈉、氣化鋁、 紅糖及水，其中水泥及污泥之用量比例為〇 · 1〜〇 · 7 , 紅糖用量與水泥及污泥之總量比例為0 · 0 0 4〜〇 · 〇 〇 8 ’其他化學藥劑用量與水泥及污泥之總量比例為2 %〜 8 % 〇 本發明利用紅糖之添加使其可強化污泥固化作用，在 減少水泥用量時，其抗壓強度亦可達環保署法規規定，而 由於水泥用量之減少，因此可確實降低污泥之處理成本。 【實施方式】 現請參看第一及二圖所示，本發明之固化含重金屬污 泥之方法乃是將含銅、辞、鎳之重金屬污泥（1 〇 )或土 壤進行粉碎，再將至置入混練設備（1 1 )中，於混練設 備中添加無機性重金屬安定劑之添加劑（1 2 )、水泥（ 1 3 )、水（1 4 )及有機性固化強化劑（1 5 )，經過 混練程序後，再經固化體養護則成為無危害性之固化體（ 16)。 其中，本發明所使用之無機添加劑（1 2 )為矽酸鈉 、碳酸納、碳酸鉀、氣化妈、氣化錄、氣化鎭、氟化納及 氣化鋁；而有機性固化強化劑則為紅糖。其中水泥及污泥 之用量比例為〇· 1〜〇 · 7，紅糖用量與水泥及污泥之總 量比例為0 · 0 〇 4〜0 . 0 0 8，其他化學藥劑用量與水 泥及污泥之總量比例為2 %〜8 %。 請參看第三圖所示，添加劑（1 2 )中各成分比例可 1225847 為矽酸鈉1 2 · 5 %、碳酸鈉3 %、碳酸鉀4 %、氣化約 2%、氣化銨1%、氣化鎂ι·25%、氟化鈉〇.5%、 氣化紹0· 7 5 %以及水7 5 %。 請參看第四圖所示，本發明分別以傳統之無機性固化 強化劑N S C、紅糖以及砂糖，在相同之污泥、水泥及水 之比例下，進行固化後之污泥的抗壓強度試驗，結果發現 在添加相同添加量之下，紅糖之效果較傳統N s C以及砂 糖的抗壓強度要佳。 再請參看第五圖所示，以相同比例之污泥、水泥及水 進行紅糖在不同比例下對固化體抗壓強度之影響，結果發 現未增加紅糖時，固化體之抗壓強度僅有2 6 9 kgf/cm2， 而添加比例至0 · 4 %時，抗壓強度可增加至3 4 6 kgf/cm2，因此證實添加紅糖當作固化強化劑確實可讓污泥 固化體的抗壓強度提昇，達到環保署之法規規定，且在添 加紅糖作為固化強化劑的情形下，水泥的用量便可以減少 ’達到降低污泥處理成本之目的。 【圖式簡單說明】 (一）圖式部分 第一圖為本發明流程方塊圖。 第二圖為本發明流程示意圖。 第三圖為本發明處理劑之成分配方表。 第四圖為本發明添加紅糖及其他固化強化劑之抗 壓強度試驗表。 第五圖為本發明添加不同量紅糖之抗壓強度試驗 1225847 表。 (二）元件代表符號 (1 0 )污泥 (1 1 )混練設備 (1 2 )無機添加劑 (1 3 )水泥 (1 4 )水 (1 5 )有機性固化強化劑 (1 6 )無害性固化體1225847 发明 Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a method for curing heavy metal sludge and a treating agent thereof, which refers to a method that can effectively solidify heavy metal sludge, and can save the amount of cement to reduce treatment Cost-effective method for curing heavy metal-containing sludge and its treating agent. [Previous technology] Generally, the treatment method of heavy metal polluted sludge is to use concrete to solidify it so that the heavy metal substance will not leak out, and then perform landfill treatment. Others also use chemical substances and heavy metal substances for chemical reactions. Make it react to produce a stable structure, which is relatively harmless to the human body, and then discharge it. Due to the different components contained in the sludge, the corresponding treatment methods are also different. Republic of China Patent Bulletin No. 323242 "Detoxification treatment of hazardous waste and detoxification treatment used in this method ^" refers to the use of ionic sodium and potassium in a diluted aqueous solution containing tannin and wood acetic acid as the main ingredient. , Calcium, lithium, barium, cobalt or nickel, copper, zinc harmless treatment agent, which makes the harmful substances in the waste disappear, but this treatment method can remove the harmful substances f in the sludge, but the treatment The cost is too high, which is not in line with economic effects. Also, the Republic of China Patent Bulletin No. 203594 `` High-salt-containing sludge solidification technology '' is based on cement, furnace stone, fly ash, etc., which contains sodium salts, sodium nitrate or gasified sodium alone or two or more kinds. The composite salt is solid-formed ', but the cement used in this treatment method is too large, which also causes the treatment cost to be over 1225847, which is not in line with economic effects. Another study pointed out that when the ratio of cement to sludge was 0.15, the TCLP dissolution concentration of lead, chromium, and copper was lower than the EPA regulations, but the compressive strength test could not reach 1 〇K g / cm 2 It is necessary to add strong plasticizer to meet the EPA's regulatory standards. If no plasticizer is added, the ratio of cement to sludge must be increased to at least 1 · 〇 to meet the standard. As a result, the amount of cement is too large, which will increase the treatment cost. [Summary of the Invention] The inventors have taken into account the shortcomings of the above-mentioned method for treating heavy metal sludge, and found that if the amount of cement can be reduced and the compressive strength can be ensured to comply with environmental protection regulations, the cost of heavy metal sludge treatment can be greatly reduced. Therefore, research was started in order to provide a method for curing heavy metal sludge that can effectively treat heavy metal sludge and reduce the amount of cement and meet the environmental protection agency regulations. After continuous testing and efforts, the present invention has finally been developed. The main object of the invention is to provide a method and a treating agent for solidified heavy metal-containing sludge, which can reduce the amount of cement used and make the compressive strength of the solidified sludge comply with the environmental protection agency regulations. In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical means, wherein the present invention is to pulverize the heavy metal sludge or soil containing copper, zinc, and nickel, and then put it into the kneading equipment and use the kneading equipment. After adding inorganic heavy metal stabilizers, cement, water and organic curing enhancer, it will become a non-hazardous cured body after the kneading process. 1225847 The treating agent used in the method of the present invention is cement, sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium gas, ammonium gas, magnesium gas, sodium fluoride, aluminum gas, brown sugar and water, among which cement and soil The ratio of the amount of mud used is 〇1 ~ 〇 · 7, and the ratio of the amount of brown sugar used to the total amount of cement and sludge is 0. 0 0 4 ~ 〇 · 〇〇 ' 2% ~ 8% 〇 The present invention uses the addition of brown sugar to enhance the solidification of sludge. When the amount of cement is reduced, its compressive strength can also reach the requirements of the Environmental Protection Agency regulations. Reduce the cost of sludge treatment. [Embodiment] Now referring to the first and second figures, the method for solidifying heavy metal sludge according to the present invention is to pulverize heavy metal sludge (10) containing copper, zinc and nickel or soil, and then Put into the kneading equipment (1 1), add the additives of the inorganic heavy metal stabilizer (1 2), cement (1 3), water (1 4) and organic curing strengthening agent (1 5) to the kneading equipment. After the kneading procedure, the cured body becomes a non-hazardous solidified body (16). Among them, the inorganic additives (1 2) used in the present invention are sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, gasification gas, gasification record, gasification thorium, sodium fluoride and aluminum gasification; and organic curing strengthening agent It is brown sugar. Among them, the amount of cement and sludge is in the ratio of 0.1 to 0.7, and the ratio of the amount of brown sugar to the total amount of cement and sludge is in the range of 0.4 to 0.08. The total ratio is 2% ~ 8%. Please refer to the third figure. The proportion of each component in the additive (1 2) can be 1225847 as sodium silicate 1 2 · 5%, sodium carbonate 3%, potassium carbonate 4%, gasification about 2%, gasification ammonium 1% , 25% gasified magnesium, 0.5% sodium fluoride, 0.75% gasified and 75% water. Please refer to the fourth figure, the present invention uses conventional inorganic hardening enhancers NSC, brown sugar and granulated sugar to conduct the compressive strength test of the solidified sludge at the same ratio of sludge, cement and water. It was found that under the same amount of addition, the effect of brown sugar was better than that of traditional N s C and granulated sugar. Please refer to the fifth figure, the effect of brown sugar with the same proportion of sludge, cement and water on the compressive strength of the solidified body under different ratios. As a result, when the brown sugar is not increased, the compressive strength of the solidified body is only 2 6 9 kgf / cm2, and the compressive strength can be increased to 3 4 6 kgf / cm2 when added to 0.4%, so it is confirmed that the addition of brown sugar as a solidification enhancer can indeed increase the compressive strength of the solidified sludge. In order to meet the regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency, and in the case of adding brown sugar as a curing enhancer, the amount of cement can be reduced 'to achieve the purpose of reducing the cost of sludge treatment. [Schematic description] (I) Schematic part The first figure is a block diagram of the process of the present invention. The second figure is a schematic flowchart of the present invention. The third figure is a composition formula table of the treatment agent of the present invention. The fourth figure is a compressive strength test table of brown sugar and other curing intensifiers of the present invention. The fifth figure is a table of compressive strength test 1225847 with different amounts of brown sugar added in the present invention. (2) Symbols of components (1 0) Sludge (1 1) Kneading equipment (1 2) Inorganic additives (1 3) Cement (1 4) Water (1 5) Organic curing intensifier (1 6) Harmless curing body