TWI225716B - Magnetoresistive random access memory structure and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Magnetoresistive random access memory structure and method for manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
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1225716 五、發明說明(l) 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種磁阻式隨機存取記憶 (Magne tor es i s t i ve Random Acces s Memory ; MRAM)晶胞結 構及其製造方法,且特別是有關於一種用以寫入之兩導線 · 位於磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞之磁通道接面(Magnet i c Tunnel Junction ; MTJ)元件之上側的記憶晶胞結構,以及 無化學機械研磨(Chemical Mechanical Polishing ;CMP) 步驟之磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞結構的製造方法。 【先别技術】 磁阻式隨機存取記憶體是一種新的非揮發性 (Non-Volatile)記憶體,此種磁阻式隨機存取記憶體使用 ‘ 高敏感度的磁電阻材料。這種磁阻式隨機存取記憶體之特 性為具有南讀寫速度、高積集度、高对久性、低耗電及抗 幅射線等多項優點,同時整合了動態隨機存取記憶體 (DRAM)、靜態隨機存取記憶體(SRAM)及快閃式記憶體 (F 1 a s h M e m 〇 r y )專§己憶元件的特性。此外,磁阻式隨機存 取A憶體之製程還能與現有的互補式金氧半導電晶體 (CMOS)製程整合,製程相容性高。1225716 V. Description of the invention (l) [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a magnetoresistive random access memory (Magne tor es isti ve Random Acces s Memory; MRAM) cell structure and a method for manufacturing the same, and In particular, it relates to a type of two wires used for writing, a memory cell structure located above a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) element of a magnetoresistive random access memory cell, and no chemical mechanical polishing (Chemical Mechanical Polishing; CMP) method for manufacturing a magnetoresistive random access memory cell structure. [Other technologies] Magnetoresistive random access memory is a new type of non-volatile (Non-Volatile) memory. This type of magnetoresistive random access memory uses ‘high-sensitivity magnetoresistive materials. The characteristics of this type of magnetoresistive random access memory are that it has many advantages such as read and write speed, high integration, high durability, low power consumption, and anti-radiation. It also integrates dynamic random access memory. (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), and flash memory (F 1 ash Mem ry) are designed specifically for the characteristics of memory elements. In addition, the magnetoresistive random access A memory process can be integrated with the existing complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process with high process compatibility.
磁阻式隨機存取記憶體係以磁通道接面元件為基礎之記憶 元件。磁通道接面元件主要係由”自由,,鐵磁層(”Free” Ferromagnetic Layer)、絕緣通道接面(Tunnel Juncti〇n) 層以及"釘住"鐵磁層("Pinned" Ferr〇magnetic Uyer)所 構成。自由鐵磁層在外部磁場下,其磁性可自由旋轉,而 釘住鐵磁層在外部磁場下則無法自由旋轉其則生。釘住鐵A magnetoresistive random access memory system is a memory element based on a magnetic channel interface element. The magnetic channel interface components are mainly composed of "Free" Ferromagnetic Layer, "Tunnel Juncti0n" layer, and " Pinned " Ferromagnetic Layer (" Pinned " Ferr 〇magnetic Uyer). Under the external magnetic field, the free ferromagnetic layer can rotate freely, while the pinned ferromagnetic layer cannot rotate freely under the external magnetic field. Pinned iron
第6頁 1225716 五、發明說明Page 6 1225716 V. Description of the invention
磁層通常係由一鐵磁層與一反鐵磁(Anti-ferromagnetic ; AFΜ)層所組成,其中反鐵磁層係用以釘住鐵磁層之磁性。 通道電流從一鐵磁層通過絕緣接面層至另一鐵磁層係根據 自由鐵磁層的磁性。亦即’當自由鐵磁層之磁性與釘住鐵 磁層之磁性方向相同時,通道電流較大,而當自由鐵磁層 之磁性與釘住鐵磁層之磁性方向相反時,通道電流較小。 因此,磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞存在兩種邏輯狀態··高通 道接面電阻與低通道接面電阻。由於不需電力即可儲存二 元邏輯資料’因此磁阻式隨機存取記憶體為一種非揮發性 記憶體。The magnetic layer is generally composed of a ferromagnetic layer and an anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) layer. The antiferromagnetic layer is used to pin the magnetic properties of the ferromagnetic layer. The channel current from one ferromagnetic layer through the insulation interface layer to the other ferromagnetic layer is based on the magnetic properties of the free ferromagnetic layer. That is, when the magnetism of the free ferromagnetic layer is the same as the magnetic direction of the pinned ferromagnetic layer, the channel current is larger, and when the magnetism of the free ferromagnetic layer is opposite to the magnetic direction of the pinned ferromagnetic layer, the channel current is more small. Therefore, there are two logic states of a magnetoresistive random access memory cell: a high channel junction resistance and a low channel junction resistance. Since binary logic data can be stored without electricity, the magnetoresistive random access memory is a non-volatile memory.
請參照第1圖,第1圖係繪示習知磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞 結構之剖面圖。在此磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞中,基材1 〇 〇 上形成有閘極1 〇 6 ’而閘極1 〇 6兩旁之基材1 〇 〇中則佈植有汲 極102與源極104。介電層108覆蓋於閘極106與基材100上, 介電層11 2則位於介電層1 〇 8上,而導線11 6與導電層11 4位 於介電層112中。其中,由導電材料所組成之插塞11()貫穿 介電層108,以電性連接源極1〇4與導電層114。介電層118 位於介電層112上,並暴露出部分之導電層114。介電層ι24 位於”電層118上’而導引離散電流(stray Current)之導 線1 2 0與磁通道接面元件丨2 2均位於介電層1 2 4中,其中導線 120並位於部分之介電層118以及導電層114上,且磁通道接 面元件1 2 2則位於部分之導線丨2 〇上。導線1 2 6位於介電層 124與磁通道接面元件122上。 彼此相互交錯之導線丨2 6與導線1丨6係用以將資料寫入選定Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a conventional magnetoresistive random access memory cell. In this magnetoresistive random access memory cell, a gate electrode 106 is formed on the substrate 100, and a drain electrode 102 and a source are implanted in the substrate 100 on both sides of the gate electrode 106.极 104。 The pole 104. The dielectric layer 108 covers the gate 106 and the substrate 100, the dielectric layer 112 is located on the dielectric layer 108, and the wires 116 and the conductive layer 114 are located in the dielectric layer 112. Among them, a plug 11 () composed of a conductive material penetrates the dielectric layer 108 to electrically connect the source electrode 104 and the conductive layer 114. The dielectric layer 118 is located on the dielectric layer 112 and exposes a part of the conductive layer 114. The dielectric layer ι24 is located on the "electrical layer 118" and the wires 1 2 0 and the magnetic channel interface elements that guide the stray current are located in the dielectric layer 1 2 4 in which the wires 120 are located in a part On the dielectric layer 118 and the conductive layer 114, and the magnetic channel interface element 1 2 2 is located on a part of the wire 丨 2 0. The wire 1 2 6 is located on the dielectric layer 124 and the magnetic channel interface element 122. Each other Interleaved wires 丨 2 6 and wires 1 丨 6 are used to write data into the selection
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V 1225716 五、發明說明(3) 之磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞。導線126與導線116分別位於 磁通道接面元件122之上方與下方,以提供磁場之結合。此 磁場之結合實現了較大且強度足夠的磁場,來克服由星型 曲線(Astroid Curve)所決定之磁性轉向門檻。而其他沿著 導線1 2 6與導線11 6之磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞則僅受到單 一磁場之磁力的影響,無法超越磁性轉向門檻。因此,在 導線1 26與導線11 6交會處之磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞就可 在不干擾其他磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞下,完成資料的寫 入。在此磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞中,於讀取磁阻式隨機 存取記憶晶胞内的資料時,需要與電晶體或二極體(Di〇de) 電性連接,以防止離散電流干擾資料之讀取。因此,需額 外设置與磁通道接面元件1 2 2以及電晶體(即由閘極1 〇 6、汲 極1 〇 2與源極1 0 4所構成)或二極體電性連接之旁通的導線 1 2 0,來阻絕離散電流。 由於導線1 2 6與導線11 6分別位於磁通道接面元件1 2 2之上下 兩側,導線11 6之製作先在介電層1 1 2中蝕刻出溝渠1 28,再 沉積金屬等導電材料(未繪示),然後利用化學機械研磨製 程移除部分之導電材料,而形成具有平坦表面之導線11 6。 然而,化學機械研磨製程難以精確控制整片晶圓之剩餘厚 度,而使得導線11 6之厚度分布不均。因此,寫入電流密度 與磁通量效率會隨導線11 6之厚度變化而有所變動。也就是 說,需要保留較寬裕之製程幅度,且無可避免地需要較大 之寫入電流。此外,旁通之導線1 2 0也會增加每一單位晶胞 之面積,而導致記憶晶胞之密度下降。V 1225716 V. Description of the Invention (3) The magnetoresistive random access memory cell. The wires 126 and 116 are located above and below the magnetic channel interface element 122 to provide a combination of magnetic fields. The combination of this magnetic field realizes a large and strong magnetic field to overcome the magnetic turning threshold determined by the Astroid Curve. The other magnetoresistive random access memory cells along the wires 1 2 6 and the wire 11 16 are only affected by the magnetic force of a single magnetic field and cannot exceed the magnetic turning threshold. Therefore, the magnetoresistive random access memory cell at the intersection of the lead 1 26 and the lead 116 can complete the writing of data without disturbing other magnetoresistive random access memory cells. In this magnetoresistive random access memory cell, when reading data in the magnetoresistive random access memory cell, it needs to be electrically connected with a transistor or diode to prevent discrete Reading of current interference data. Therefore, it is necessary to additionally provide a bypass connection electrically connected to the magnetic channel interface element 12 and the transistor (that is, composed of the gate electrode 106, the drain electrode 102 and the source electrode 104) or the diode. 1 2 0 to block discrete currents. Since the wires 1 2 6 and the wires 116 are located on the upper and lower sides of the magnetic channel interface element 1 2 2 respectively, the production of the wires 11 16 first etches the trenches 1 28 in the dielectric layer 1 12 and then deposits conductive materials such as metal (Not shown), and then use a chemical mechanical polishing process to remove a portion of the conductive material to form a conductive wire 116 having a flat surface. However, it is difficult for the CMP process to accurately control the remaining thickness of the entire wafer, so that the thickness distribution of the wires 116 is uneven. Therefore, the writing current density and magnetic flux efficiency will vary with the thickness of the lead 116. That is to say, it is necessary to retain a relatively wide process range, and inevitably requires a large write current. In addition, the bypass wire 120 will increase the area of each unit cell, which will cause the density of the memory cell to decrease.
第8頁 1225716 五、發明說明(4) --- 【發明内容】 本發明的目的就是在提供一種磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞結 構,其用以寫入賀料之兩導線係位於此磁阻式隨機存取記、 憶晶胞結構之磁通道接面元件的同一側。因此,在讀取此 磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞内之資料時,可防止離散電流。、 本發明的另一目的是在提供提供一種磁阻式隨機存取記憶 晶胞結構,不需於此磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞結構中之磁 通道接面元件旁額外設置旁通導線,即可於讀取此磁阻式 隨機存取記憶晶胞内之資料時,使離散電流順著磁通道接 面元件及其下方之插塞與導電層進入電晶體或二極體中, 而防止離散電流的影響。因此,可有效縮減磁阻式隨機存 取έ己憶晶胞結構之面積,進而可提升磁阻式隨機存取記憶 晶胞之設置密度,晶片積集度增加。 本發明的又一目的就是在提供一種磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶 胞結構之製造方法,其係將用以寫入資料之兩導線設置在 此磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞結構之磁通道接面元件的同一 巧。如此一來,可利用沉積、微影、與蝕刻等技術來製作 這兩條導線’而不需運用化學機械研磨步驟。因此,可擺 脫化學機械研磨步驟難以控制整體厚度的問題,並可降低 製程變化之影響,進而有效提升製程之可實施性。 本發明的再一目的就是在提供一種磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶j ,結構之製造方法,係利用沉積、微影、與蝕刻等技術來 製作用以寫入資料之兩導線。因此,對導線厚度具有相當 優異之控制能力,而可獲得厚度較薄之導線,進而大幅提Page 8 1225716 V. Description of the invention (4) --- [Summary of the invention] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnetoresistive random access memory cell structure, where the two wires used to write congratulations are located here The same side of the magnetic channel interface element of the magnetoresistive random access memory and memory cell structure. Therefore, when reading the data in this magnetoresistive random access memory cell, discrete current can be prevented. Another object of the present invention is to provide a magnetoresistive random access memory cell structure without the need to additionally provide a bypass wire next to a magnetic channel interface element in the magnetoresistive random access memory cell structure. , When reading the data in the magnetoresistive random access memory cell, the discrete current is passed along the magnetic channel interface element and the plug and conductive layer below it into the transistor or diode, and Prevent the effects of discrete currents. Therefore, the area of the magnetoresistive random access cell structure can be effectively reduced, thereby increasing the setting density of the magnetoresistive random access memory cell and increasing the degree of chip accumulation. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a magnetoresistive random access memory cell structure, which is to arrange two wires for writing data in the magnetism of the magnetoresistive random access memory cell structure. The identity of the channel interface elements. In this way, the two wires' can be fabricated using deposition, lithography, and etching techniques without using a chemical mechanical polishing step. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the problem that the CMP process is difficult to control the overall thickness, and the influence of process variations can be reduced, thereby effectively improving the implementability of the process. It is still another object of the present invention to provide a manufacturing method of a magnetoresistive random access memory crystal j, which uses deposition, lithography, and etching techniques to produce two wires for writing data. Therefore, the thickness of the wire has a very good control ability, and a thinner wire can be obtained, which greatly improves
第9頁Page 9
高導線之磁通量效率。 根據本發明之上述目的 胞結構,至少包括:一 中此主動元件可為電晶 位於上述之主動元件上 述之主動元件;一第一 上,且此第一導線電性 第一導線之材料可為金 上述之第一導線上,其 以及一第二導線位於上 隔離第一導線與第二導 ,提 主動 體或 ,且 導線 連接 屬或 中此 述之 線0 出一種磁阻 元件位於一 式隨機 半導體 二極體等; 此磁通道接 位於上述之 上述之磁通 其他導電材 絕緣層可為 絕緣層上,其中此 —磁通 面元件 磁通道 道接面 料;一 一般之 存取記憶晶 基材上,其 道接面元件 電性連接上 接面元件 元件,其中 絕緣層位於 介電材料; 絕緣層電性 依照本發明一較佳實施例,磁通道接面元件至少包括:一 反鐵磁層,一釘住層(Pinned Layer)緊鄰上述之反鐵磁 層’其中反鐵磁層固定此釘住層之磁化方向;一自由層 (Free Layer);以及一通道阻障層(Tunnel BarrierHigh wire flux efficiency. According to the above-mentioned objective cell structure of the present invention, at least: one of the active elements may be the above-mentioned active element and the above-mentioned active element; a first one, and the material of the first conductive wire may be On the above-mentioned first wire, a second wire is located above the first wire and the second wire to separate the first wire from the second wire, and the wire is connected to the wire described above. A magnetoresistive element is located on a random semiconductor. Diodes, etc .; This magnetic channel is located on the above-mentioned magnetic flux and other conductive materials. The insulating layer may be an insulating layer, where this—the magnetic flux surface element magnetic channel is connected to the fabric; a general access memory crystal substrate The road junction element is electrically connected to the upper junction element, wherein the insulation layer is located on a dielectric material; the insulation layer is electrically according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the magnetic channel junction element includes at least: an antiferromagnetic layer, A pinned layer is next to the antiferromagnetic layer described above, where the antiferromagnetic layer fixes the magnetization direction of the pinned layer; a free layer; and a channel resistance 2. barrier layer
Layer)位於上述之釘住層與自由層之間。其中,通道阻障 層之材質可為氧化銘(A 12 03 )。此外,釘住層與自由層可為 單層(Single Layer)結構,亦可為一複層(Multi-layer)結 構0 根據本發明之又一目的,提出一種磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶 胞結構之製造方法,至少包括下列步驟··首先,提供一半辛 導體基材,其中此半導體基材上至少已形成一主動元件, 此主動元件可例如為電晶體以及二極體等。再形成一磁通 道接面元件於上述之主動元件上,其中此磁通道接面元件Layer) is located between the pinned layer and the free layer. The material of the channel barrier layer may be an oxide inscription (A 12 03). In addition, the pinned layer and the free layer may be a single layer structure or a multi-layer structure. According to another object of the present invention, a magnetoresistive random access memory cell is proposed. The manufacturing method of the structure includes at least the following steps. First, a semi-octane conductor substrate is provided. At least one active element has been formed on the semiconductor substrate. The active element may be, for example, a transistor or a diode. A magnetic channel interface element is further formed on the above active element, wherein the magnetic channel interface element
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1225716 五、發明說明(6) 與上述之主動元件電性連接。接著,形成一第一導線於上 述之磁通道接面元件上,且此第一導線電性連接磁通道接 面元件。再形成_絕緣層於上述之第一導線上。然後,形 成一第二導線於絕緣層上,其中此絕緣層電性隔離第一導 線與第二導線。 依照本發明一較佳實施例,形成第一導線與第二導線時, 係利用沉積、微影、以及蝕刻等方式製作,而不利用化學 機械研磨方式。1225716 V. Description of the invention (6) It is electrically connected with the above active element. Next, a first wire is formed on the magnetic channel interface element, and the first wire is electrically connected to the magnetic channel interface element. An insulating layer is further formed on the first wire. Then, a second wire is formed on the insulating layer, wherein the insulating layer electrically isolates the first wire from the second wire. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when forming the first conductive line and the second conductive line, they are fabricated by means of deposition, lithography, and etching, instead of using chemical mechanical polishing.
由於’第一導線與第二導線均位於磁通道接面元件之上 側,且係利用沉積、微影、以及蝕刻等方式加以製作,而 無須進行化學機械研磨步驟。因此,不需額外設置旁通導 線,可增加積集度。此外,亦可擺脫化學機械研磨製程難 以控制厚度的問題,不僅有利於製程之運作,更可獲得厚 度較薄之第一導線與第二導線,而提升第一導線與第二導 線之磁通量效率。 【實施方式】Since the 'first wire and the second wire are located on the upper side of the magnetic channel interface element, and are manufactured by means of deposition, lithography, and etching, no chemical mechanical polishing step is required. Therefore, there is no need to set additional bypass wires, which can increase the degree of accumulation. In addition, it can also get rid of the difficulty of controlling the thickness of the chemical mechanical polishing process, which is not only conducive to the operation of the process, but also can obtain the thinner first and second wires, and improve the magnetic flux efficiency of the first and second wires. [Embodiment]
本發明揭露一種磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞結構及其製造方 法,其用以寫入資料之第一導線與第二導線均位於磁通道 接面疋件之上側,且係利用製程控制力較為優異之沉積、 ::二與蝕刻步驟來加以製作。目此,可大幅增加磁阻式 ϊϊί;記憶晶胞之密纟’降低製程難度,並可有效縮減 得較高之磁通量效率。為了使本發明之敘述 圖示/、70備,可參照下列描述並配合第2圖至第5圖之The invention discloses a magnetoresistive random access memory cell structure and a manufacturing method thereof. The first wire and the second wire used for writing data are located on the upper side of the magnetic channel interface member, and the process control force is used. More excellent deposition, :: two and etching steps to make. Therefore, it is possible to greatly increase the magnetoresistive memory cell density, reduce the difficulty of the process, and effectively reduce the high magnetic flux efficiency. In order to make the narrative diagram / 70 of the present invention, refer to the following description and cooperate with the diagrams of Figs. 2 to 5.
第11頁 1225716Page 11 1225716
在目前之磁阻式隨機存取記 之導線係分別位於磁通道接 道接面元件下方之導線在製 製程而言係一相當嚴苛的挑 流禮、度時’能產生較多之磁 之電流密度便會增加,磁通 對位於磁通道接面元件下方 研磨步驟以平坦化導線時, 線的厚度。既然難以有效控 是就必須提高製程幅度,以 將會使得導線具有較低的電 降,進而增加電力的消耗量 磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞結 技術之缺點。 憶晶胞中,兩條用以寫入資料 面元件之上下兩側。位於磁通 作上,對所使用化學機械研磨 戰。已知當導線承載較高之電 通畺’而當導線越薄,導線内 量效率也就跟著提高。然而, 之導線而言,在利用化學機械 總是難以控制整片晶圓上之導 制整片晶圓上之導線厚度,於 彌補製程的缺失。如此一來, 流密度,導致磁通量效率下 。因此,本發明在此提供一種 構及其製造方法,來改善習知In the current magnetoresistive random access memory, the wires are respectively located under the magnetic channel abutment interface elements. In the manufacturing process, it is a very stringent picking flow, which can generate more magnetic The current density will increase, and the thickness of the wire will be flattened when the magnetic flux is located under the magnetic channel interface element during the grinding step to flatten the wire. Since it is difficult to effectively control, it is necessary to increase the process range, so that the wire will have a lower power drop, which will increase the power consumption. The disadvantage of the magnetoresistive random access memory cell junction technology. In the memory cell, two are used to write data on the top and bottom sides of the device. It is located on the magnetic flux, and it is used for chemical mechanical grinding. It is known that when the wire carries a higher electric flux, and when the wire is thinner, the internal efficiency of the wire is also improved. However, in terms of wires, it is always difficult to control the thickness of the wires on the entire wafer by using chemical machinery to guide the entire wafer to compensate for the lack of process. As a result, the flow density results in a lower magnetic flux efficiency. Therefore, the present invention provides a structure and a manufacturing method thereof to improve the conventional knowledge.
请參,第2圖至第5圖,第2圖至第5圖係繪示依照本發明一 較佳實施例的一種磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞之製程剖面 圖。首先,提供半導體之基材2〇〇,其中此基材2〇〇上至少 已形成有主動元件,例如由源極2〇2、汲極2〇4與閘極21〇所 構成之電晶體或一般之二極體。其中,閘極2丨〇係由閘極介 電層206與導電層208所構成,而源極2〇2與汲極204則分別 位於閉極21 \兩側之基材20 0中,如第2圖所示。此主動元件+ 可用以作為讀取磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞之資料時的開 關0 接下來’利用例如化學氣相沉積(CVD)的方式形成介電層Please refer to FIGS. 2 to 5, and FIGS. 2 to 5 are cross-sectional views showing a manufacturing process of a magnetoresistive random access memory cell according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. First, a semiconductor substrate 200 is provided, and at least an active element has been formed on the substrate 200, such as a transistor composed of a source 202, a drain 204, and a gate 21o. General diode. Among them, the gate electrode 2 is composed of the gate dielectric layer 206 and the conductive layer 208, and the source electrode 202 and the drain electrode 204 are located in the substrate 20 on both sides of the closed electrode 21, as described in Figure 2 shows. This active element + can be used as a switch when reading data from a magnetoresistive random access memory cell. Next, a dielectric layer is formed by, for example, chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
第12頁 1225716 五、發明說明(8) -- 21 2覆蓋在基材2 0 0之源極2 0 2、沒極2 0 4與閘極2 1 〇上。再利 用例如微影與蝕刻技術於介電層2 1 2中定義出插塞2丨4之開 口且暴露出部分之源極2 0 2,並利用例如沉積或電錄的方式 於插塞2 1 4之開口中填入導電材料,而在介電層2丨2中形成" 插塞2 1 4。隨後,利用例如化學氣相沉積的方式形成介電層 216覆蓋在介電層212與插塞214上。再利用例如微影與餘^ 技術於介電層216中定義出導電層218之開口,並暴露出插 塞2 1 4與部分之介電層2 1 2。導電層2 1 8之開口形成後,利用 例如沉積或電鍍的方式於導電層2 1 8之開口中填滿導電材 料’而於介電層216中形成導電層218,如第3圖所示。其 中,導電層218藉由插塞214而與源極202電性連接。在上述 說明中,雖然插塞214與導電層218係分別製作,然亦可運U 用雙重金屬鑲嵌(Dual Damascene)製程同時製作插塞214與 導電層2 1 8,本發明並不在此限。 ” 接著,再次利用例如化學氣相沉積的方式,形成介電層22〇 覆蓋在介電層21 6與導電層218上。並利用例如微影與上刻 製程於介電層220中定義出插塞222之開口,且暴露出部八 之導電層218。待插塞222之開口形成後,利用例如沉積或 電鍍的方式於插塞222之開口中填滿導電材料,而在導電層 218上之介電層220中形成插塞222。插塞222形成後,先利曰 用例如沉積的方式在介電層220與插塞222上依序堆疊反鐵 磁層224、釘住層226、通道阻障層228以及自由層23^,而 ,成堆疊結構。其中,通道阻障層228之材質可例如為氧化 鋁,釘住層226與自由層230分別是所謂的”釘住,,鐵磁層以 1225716 五、發明說明(9) 二自由:鐵:層。此外’釘住層22 6與自由層23〇可為單層 :堆二:::結構。再利用例如微影與蝕刻製程定義 此隹且…構,而去除部分之反鐵磁層224、釘住声 道阻障層228以及自由層23〇,並暴露出部分之9 而在插塞2 22與另一部合之介雷厣99〇1^:^丄 电 件232。锌磁m 電層2 20上形成磁通道接面元 = 232 '磁通道接面元件232形成後,利用例如化學氣相 /儿積的方式形成介電声234霜荖為所異雨★入 、 |电層覆盍在所暴路之介電層22〇上。 酼後,利用例如沉積、微影與蝕刻的 蓋在介電層234與磁通撞接面开株μ 形成導線23δ覆 中,導绩在® t接面70件2 32上’如第4圖所示。其 以對磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞寫入資料之 導線且-線236之材質可為一般之金屬或直他 【二用沉積、微影與甜刻的方式來製作導線236, 之厚度具有較佳之控制能力,而可獲得厚度 =導ί:用上例1 化學氣相沉積的方式,形成絕緣層2㈣ :在:線236上中絕緣層238之材質可為一般之 料。再利用例如沉積、微影與蝕刻的 於磁涓洁拉二—从Λ 八 形成導線2 4 0位 由於俜利用” =32上方之部分絕緣層238上。同樣地, 由=係㈣ >儿積、微影與㈣的方式來 對導線240之厚度且有較佳之_舍丨& +叔作導線240 ,因此 之導绩川= 此力,而可獲得厚度較薄1 導線240之材質同樣可為-般之金 材料等。此外’導線236與導線24。 錯狀也就疋說導線240之方向垂直紙面,而Page 12 1225716 V. Description of the invention (8)-21 2 Covers the source 2 0 2 of the substrate 2 0, the pole 2 0 4 and the gate 2 1 0. Then use, for example, lithography and etching techniques to define the opening of the plug 2 丨 4 in the dielectric layer 2 1 2 and expose a portion of the source electrode 2 0 2, and use a method such as deposition or recording to the plug 2 1 The opening of 4 is filled with a conductive material, and a " plug 2 1 4 is formed in the dielectric layer 2 丨 2. Subsequently, a dielectric layer 216 is formed over the dielectric layer 212 and the plug 214 by, for example, chemical vapor deposition. The openings of the conductive layer 218 are defined in the dielectric layer 216 by using, for example, lithography and residual technology, and the plug 2 1 4 and a portion of the dielectric layer 2 1 2 are exposed. After the opening of the conductive layer 2 1 8 is formed, the opening of the conductive layer 2 1 8 is filled with a conductive material by using, for example, deposition or electroplating to form a conductive layer 218 in the dielectric layer 216, as shown in FIG. The conductive layer 218 is electrically connected to the source electrode 202 through the plug 214. In the above description, although the plug 214 and the conductive layer 218 are separately manufactured, the dual metal damascene process can also be used to simultaneously manufacture the plug 214 and the conductive layer 218, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Next, a method such as chemical vapor deposition is used again to form a dielectric layer 22 covering the dielectric layer 216 and the conductive layer 218. The lithography and engraving processes are used to define the interposer in the dielectric layer 220. The opening of the plug 222 is exposed, and the conductive layer 218 of the plug 222 is exposed. After the opening of the plug 222 is formed, the opening of the plug 222 is filled with a conductive material by, for example, deposition or plating, and the conductive layer 218 is A plug 222 is formed in the dielectric layer 220. After the plug 222 is formed, an antiferromagnetic layer 224, a pinning layer 226, and a channel resistance are sequentially stacked on the dielectric layer 220 and the plug 222 by, for example, a deposition method. The barrier layer 228 and the free layer 23 are formed in a stacked structure. The material of the channel barrier layer 228 may be, for example, alumina, and the pinned layer 226 and the free layer 230 are so-called “pinned”, ferromagnetic layers, respectively. Take 1225716 V. Description of the invention (9) Second freedom: iron: layer. In addition, the 'pinned layer 22 6 and the free layer 23 0 may be a single layer: heap 2 ::: structure. The structure is then defined using, for example, photolithography and etching processes, and the antiferromagnetic layer 224, the channel barrier layer 228, and the free layer 23 are removed, and part 9 is exposed and the plug 2 is exposed. 22 and the other united introduction 介 99〇1 ^: ^ 丄 电 件 232. A magnetic channel junction element is formed on the zinc magnetic m electrical layer 2 20 = 232 'After the magnetic channel junction element 232 is formed, a dielectric sound 234 frost is formed using a method such as chemical vapor phase / child product. The electrical layer is overlaid on the dielectric layer 22 of the exposed road. After that, a wire 23δ cover is formed in the dielectric layer 234 and the magnetic flux collision interface by using a cover such as deposition, lithography, and etching to form a wire 23δ cover. As shown. It uses a wire that writes data to a magnetoresistive random access memory cell and the material of the wire 236 can be a general metal or a straight-line [two-use deposition, lithography and sweet engraving method to make the wire 236 Has better control ability, and can obtain thickness = lead: using the chemical vapor deposition method of Example 1 above to form the insulating layer 2㈣: on: the line 236, the material of the insulating layer 238 can be ordinary materials. Re-use, for example, deposition, lithography, and etching, on the magnetically-concentrated puller—form the wires from Λ-8 to form the 240-bit position due to the “use” on the part of the insulating layer 238 above. 32. Similarly, by = 系 ㈣> The thickness of the wire 240 is better by the methods of product, lithography, and ㈣. There is a better _ She 丨 + amp; + Uncle for the wire 240, so the guideline = this force, and the thickness of the wire 240 is the same. It can be a gold-like material, etc. In addition, the lead 236 and the lead 24 are staggered, meaning that the direction of the lead 240 is perpendicular to the paper surface, and
第14頁 1225716 五、發明說明(ίο) " ----- :平行紙面。導線240形成後’利用例如化學氣相沉積的方 式形成介電層242覆蓋在絕緣層238與導線24〇上,而完成磁 阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞的製作,如第5圖所示。 · 由上述本發明較佳實施例可知,本發明之一優點就是因為 用以寫入資料之兩導線均位於磁通道接面元件之上方,於· 疋可在磁通道接面元件形成後,利用沉積、微影與蝕刻等 製程來製作這兩條導線,而不需使用化學機械研磨製程。 因此’對導線厚度具有相當優異之控制能力,而可獲得厚 度較薄之導線,進而大幅提高導線之磁通量效率,達到提 升磁阻式隨機存取記憶體之性能的目的。 由上述本發明較佳貫施例可知,本發明之又一優點就是因 為不需於磁通道接面元件旁額外設置旁通導線,即可於讀 取磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞内之資料時,使離散電流順著 磁通道接面元件及其下方之插塞與導電層進入到作為開關 之主動元件中,進而可有效防止離散電流干擾資料之讀 取。因此,可縮減磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞結構之面積, 有效提升磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞之設置密度,進而達到 提升晶片積集度的目的。 雖然本發明已以一較佳實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限 定本發明’任何熟習此技藝者,在不脫離本發明之精神和 範圍内,當可作各種之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之保護範ψ 圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Page 14 1225716 V. Description of the invention (ίο) " -----: Parallel to paper. After the wire 240 is formed, a dielectric layer 242 is formed on the insulating layer 238 and the wire 24o by, for example, chemical vapor deposition, and the fabrication of the magnetoresistive random access memory cell is completed, as shown in FIG. According to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments of the present invention, one of the advantages of the present invention is that the two wires used to write data are located above the magnetic channel interface element, and can be used after the magnetic channel interface element is formed. Deposition, lithography, and etching processes can be used to make these two wires without using a chemical mechanical polishing process. Therefore, ′ has a very good control ability for the thickness of the wire, and a thinner wire can be obtained, thereby greatly improving the magnetic flux efficiency of the wire and achieving the purpose of improving the performance of the magnetoresistive random access memory. As can be seen from the above-mentioned preferred embodiments of the present invention, another advantage of the present invention is that it is possible to read the magnetoresistive random access memory cell without additional bypass wires beside the magnetic channel interface element. During the data transmission, the discrete current is allowed to enter the active component as a switch along the magnetic channel interface element and the plug and conductive layer below it, which can effectively prevent the discrete current from interfering with the reading of the data. Therefore, the area of the structure of the magnetoresistive random access memory cell can be reduced, and the setting density of the magnetoresistive random access memory cell can be effectively improved, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the degree of chip accumulation. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. 'Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and decorations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of an invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.
第15頁 1225716 圖式簡單說明 第1圖係繪示習知磁阻式隨機存取記憶晶胞結構之剖面圖。 第2圖至第5圖係繪示依照本發明一較佳實施例的一種磁阻 式隨機存取記憶晶胞之製程剖面圖。 【元件代表符號簡單說明】 100 :基材 1 0 2 :汲極 1 0 4 :源極 I 0 6 ·'閘極 108 :介電層 110 :插塞 II 2 :介電層 I 14 :導電層 II 6 :導線 11 8 :介電層 1 2 0 :導線 122 :磁通道接面元件 1 2 4 :介電層 1 2 6 :導線 128 :溝渠 20 0 :基材 2 0 2 :源極 2 0 4 :汲極 2 0 6 :閘極介電層Page 15 1225716 Brief Description of Drawings Figure 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of a conventional magnetoresistive random access memory cell. Figures 2 to 5 are cross-sectional views showing a process of a magnetoresistive random access memory cell according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [A brief description of the element representative symbols] 100: substrate 1 0 2: drain 1 0 4: source I 0 6 · 'gate 108: dielectric layer 110: plug II 2: dielectric layer I 14: conductive layer II 6: Conductor 11 8: Dielectric layer 1 2 0: Conductor 122: Magnetic channel interface element 1 2 4: Dielectric layer 1 2 6: Conductor 128: Channel 20 0: Substrate 2 0 2: Source 2 0 4: Drain 2 0 6: Gate dielectric
第16頁 1225716 圖式簡單說明 208 導電層 210 閘極 212 介電層 214 插塞 216 介電層 218 導電層 220 介電層 222 插塞 224 反鐵磁層 226 釘住層 228 通道阻障層 230 自由層 232 磁通道接面元件 234 介電層 236 導線 238 絕緣層 240 導線 242 介電層 <11225716 on page 16 Brief description of the diagram 208 conductive layer 210 gate 212 dielectric layer 214 plug 216 dielectric layer 218 conductive layer 220 dielectric layer 222 plug 224 antiferromagnetic layer 226 pinning layer 228 channel barrier layer 230 Free layer 232 magnetic channel interface element 234 dielectric layer 236 wire 238 insulating layer 240 wire 242 dielectric layer < 1
第17頁Page 17
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Cited By (7)
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US7660181B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2010-02-09 | Sandisk 3D Llc | Method of making non-volatile memory cell with embedded antifuse |
US7800932B2 (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2010-09-21 | Sandisk 3D Llc | Memory cell comprising switchable semiconductor memory element with trimmable resistance |
US7800934B2 (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2010-09-21 | Sandisk 3D Llc | Programming methods to increase window for reverse write 3D cell |
US7800933B2 (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2010-09-21 | Sandisk 3D Llc | Method for using a memory cell comprising switchable semiconductor memory element with trimmable resistance |
US7915094B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2011-03-29 | Sandisk 3D Llc | Method of making a diode read/write memory cell in a programmed state |
US8008700B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2011-08-30 | Sandisk 3D Llc | Non-volatile memory cell with embedded antifuse |
TWI413237B (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2013-10-21 | Nanya Technology Corp | Magnetoresistive random access memory element and fabrication method thereof |
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- 2003-06-27 TW TW92117707A patent/TWI225716B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7660181B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2010-02-09 | Sandisk 3D Llc | Method of making non-volatile memory cell with embedded antifuse |
US7915094B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2011-03-29 | Sandisk 3D Llc | Method of making a diode read/write memory cell in a programmed state |
US8008700B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2011-08-30 | Sandisk 3D Llc | Non-volatile memory cell with embedded antifuse |
US7800932B2 (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2010-09-21 | Sandisk 3D Llc | Memory cell comprising switchable semiconductor memory element with trimmable resistance |
US7800934B2 (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2010-09-21 | Sandisk 3D Llc | Programming methods to increase window for reverse write 3D cell |
US7800933B2 (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2010-09-21 | Sandisk 3D Llc | Method for using a memory cell comprising switchable semiconductor memory element with trimmable resistance |
TWI413237B (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2013-10-21 | Nanya Technology Corp | Magnetoresistive random access memory element and fabrication method thereof |
US8916392B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2014-12-23 | Nanya Technology Corp. | Magnetoresistive random access memory element and fabrication method thereof |
US9070871B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2015-06-30 | Nanya Technology Corp. | Method for fabricating magnetoresistive random access memory element |
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