TWI224163B - Hatch structure for building - Google Patents

Abstract

In a hatch structure for a building including a floor partitioning under-floor space and above-floor space where an opening is opened in the floor and a hatch unit is mounted to the opening with a hatch plate provided openably, such arrangement is provided that an edge frame (10) is mounted in an outer frame (17b) of the hatch unit (Hu), and is mounted, in a position-adjusted manner, on a mounting surface (8) having a space (Sp) for adjusting the position, the space being defined in the peripheral edge of the opening (2) in the floor (Fr), whereby a flooring plate (6, 18b) can be laid down, in proper alignment, on base materials (5, 11, 18a) of the floor (Fr), edge frame (10) and hatch plate (18). Thus, it is possible to precisely and easily align the grains and patterns of the flooring plate of the floor with those of the flooring plate of the hatch plate for opening and closing the opening opened in the flooring plate of the floor.

Description

说明 Description of invention:

[Leading technology of the invention ^ Collar City; J Field of the invention The present invention relates to a building in which an opening portion provided on a floor for separating the space above the floor and the space below the floor is installed with a hatch plate provided with an f switch. Middle hatch structure. L. Background of the prior art invention. In a building such as a collective house, an opening is provided on the floor that separates the space above the floor and the space below the floor. Is well known. However, in the processing board of the floor formed by joining a plurality of elongated decorative veneers like a wooden plank, the joint between the hatch on the hatch panel side and the joint on the floor side is to be joined. The operation is extremely difficult, and the appearance value of the entire floor is significantly reduced. In fact, there is a problem that it is not practical. In addition, in order to compensate the aforementioned decrease in the value of the goods, the deck board is made of aluminum and other decorative metal materials. The method of bordering the outer periphery, but in this way, there will be a height difference between the floor and the hatch panel, and a smooth floor surface cannot be obtained. [Summary of the Invention] Summary of the Invention The present invention can be made in view of the relevant facts, and its purpose is to provide a processing board such as a planking on the side of the hatch panel, which can adjust the position of the hatch unit to the opening in front, back, left, and right. The seams of 1224163 slabs, such as seams and floor slabs, are joined more accurately to solve the hatch structure in novel buildings that solve the aforementioned problems. In order to achieve the foregoing object, according to the first feature of the present invention, an opening is opened on the floor separating the space above the floor and the space below the floor, and a hatch unit provided with a switchable hatch panel is provided in the opening 5. In the hatch structure in a building, a removable frame t is mounted on the outer frame of the hatch unit, and the edge is mounted on a mounting surface having a position adjustment space formed around the periphery of the opening portion of the floor. The frame is adjusted and installed at the front, back, left, and right positions, and 10 processing boards such as 10 planks are laid on the aforementioned floor, side frame, and hatch board substrates. According to the characteristics described in I, the floor with the opening portion can be more accurately The seam joint or pattern joint between the processing board and the processing board of the hatch panel that closes the aforementioned opening can improve the appearance of the entire floor and increase its product value. In addition, in order to achieve the aforementioned object, according to the second feature of the present invention, in addition to the first feature described above, the hatch unit is further separated from the side frame mounted on the periphery of the opening, and is formed by the opening portion. If the loading and unloading are based on the aforementioned characteristics and the aforementioned effects, it is possible to easily replace and maintain components such as the frame outside the hatch unit. Brief description of the drawings: 20, ^ 罘 1 ~ 6 (d) The figure shows the i-th embodiment of the present invention, and the figure i shows a cross-sectional view of a part of a building having a hatch structure of the present invention . Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2_2 of Figure 丨. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view showing a portion surrounded by an imaginary line indicated by the arrow of 3 in Fig. 2. 6 1224163 Figure 4 is a partial plan view showing a part along line 4-4 of Figure 3. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Fig. 4. Figures 6 (a) to 6 (d) are action diagrams showing the installation process of the hatch unit in the opening of the floor. Fig. 7 to Fig. 8 (d) are sectional views showing the second embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing the same hatch structure as that of Fig. 3. Figures 8 (a) to 8 (d) are diagrams showing the installation process of the hatch unit installed on the opening of the floor. 10 Fig. 9 is a sectional view showing a hatch structure of a third embodiment of the present invention. [Embodiment 3 Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention] An embodiment of the present invention 15 will be described below with reference to an embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings. First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6 (d). In Figures 1 and 2, the frame F constituting the skeleton of a building such as a collective house includes a horizontal frame portion Fh extending in a horizontal direction and dividing the building area into a plurality of floors, and extending in a vertical direction and The vertical frame portion Fv interconnected with the adjacent horizontal 20 frame portion Fh, and the horizontal frame portion Fh is a so-called inverse beam structure in which most of the inverse beams Rb project upwardly and integrally protrude above the flat plate S. . Each floor of the building is divided into a plurality of living spaces 1 by the inverse beam Rb, and a hatch structure according to the present invention is selectively constructed in these living spaces 1. 7 In the following, in order to explain the structure of a living space with a mouth-opening structure, the living space is divided by a floor Fr into a floor space Cu used as a living room and a floor space Cd used as an article storage room. The under-floor space Cd, which is a function of the article storage room, is surrounded by an inverse beam ^^, and is formed into a wide space without partitions in its entire area. As shown in Fig. 1, the middle portion of the floor Fr opens a rectangular opening 2 through which the person can enter the space Cd under the floor, and articles can enter and exit therefrom. A hatch unit Hu is provided in the opening 2. The hatch unit ^ is provided with a hatch panel 18 that can be opened and closed in the hatch frame 17. 10 The aforementioned floor Fr is composed of a plurality of joists 3 ′ supported on the reverse beam Rb through shock-proof rubber. The majority of the sleepers 4 placed on the sleepers 4 are laid, the substrate 5 fixed on the sleepers 4 is laid, and the floor is laid and fixed on the bottom. The processing board on the material 5, that is, the plank 6 is constituted. The floor panel 6 is known in the art, and is composed of a floor panel module 6a in which a plurality of strip-shaped decorative veneers are joined to form a planar plurality of sheets, and the floor area of the living room 15 is formed. Although the above-mentioned floor Fr can be supported, the conventional pillars are not set up on the flat plate S at all, so that the noise transmitted to the floor Fr will not directly pass through the flat plate S to the lower floor. As clearly shown in FIG. 3, below the peripheral portion of the rectangular opening 2 of the four rectangular openings 20, a plurality of rows of joists 3d combining two joists 3 are arranged along the periphery of the opening, and the plurality of rows On the joists, wooden sleepers 4 are loaded, and the wooden substrates 5 are laminated and fixed with nails 6 on the sleepers 4. The edge of the aforementioned substrate 5 is receded from the edge of the sleepers 4 and is placed on the sleepers. Formed on the end of 4-a mounting surface 8 formed by a drop surface, which can form a position adjustment space of a hatch sheet 8 1224163 yuan Hu described later, that is, "clearance" Sp. Moreover, as will be described later, the base material u detachably fixed to the edge frame ι0 on the outer periphery of the hatch unit Hu is nailed to the mounting surface 8 in an adjustable position. The aforesaid side frame ι is a 5 wooden reinforcing frame 12 on a wearing surface rectangle which is set on the inner peripheral edge of the opening 2 by nails 16 and the same wooden piece which is fixed on the reinforcing frame and protrudes outward. The base material 11 is fixed to the corner steel 13 made of metal, and the base material 11 of the side frame 10 and the corner steel 13 are fixed to the aforementioned mounting surface 8 on the sleeper 4 in a position-adjustable manner by nails 14 at the same time. Furthermore, the 'processing board 6' is laid and fixed across the substrate 5 on the Fr side of the floor and the substrate 丨 丨 on the side frame 10, and the aforementioned side frame 10 borders the inner peripheral edge of the opening portion 2. On the other hand, a hatch unit provided in the aforementioned opening 2 is configured by a connection switch mechanism Li, which will be described later, to switchably connect the hatch plate 18 to the opening recess of the square-shaped hatch frame 17, which is external to the hatch frame 17 The frame 17b is integrally joined to the inner peripheral surface of the hatch frame body 17a. 15 Hatch panel 18 is formed by joining a floor panel 18b to a base material 18a composed of a composite material such as a triple plywood, and the outer edges thereof are bordered by a cross-section rr-shaped flange 18c. Then, the outer surface of the hatch frame 17 is as shown in Fig. 3, and the side frame 10 described above is detachably mounted by nails 19 and 21. As shown in FIG. 5, between the hatch frame 17 of the hatch unit Hu and the hatch plate 18 20, a pair of switch plates Li and a gas spring Gs are provided for opening and closing one of the hatch plates 18. The aforementioned pair of connection switch mechanisms Li can connect the hatch plate 18 with a maximum opening angle of 90 ° or more (95 ° in this embodiment) between the hatch plate 18 and the hatch frame 17. A pair of connecting switch mechanisms Li is a base plate of the first link 25 and the second link 26 provided with a space above and below and can be rotated in the vertical direction. 9 The shaft is freely supported on g. 24. Another aspect: On the other base plate 3G inside the hatch plate 18, there is a space in the scanning direction and the shaft can be rotated in the up and down directions. The third and fourth links 27, 28 are supported. The free ends of the second and second connecting rods 25 and 26 and the free ends of the third and fourth connecting cups 27 and 28 are respectively made into rotatable free inspection links 31 and 32. The intermediate portion between the second link 26 and the third link 27 is a bolt 33, and a tension spring 34 is stretched between the material knot 33 and the base end side connection of the first link 25. The spring force of the extension spring 34 is to keep the hatch plate 18 at the maximum opening angle through the connecting switch mechanism Li, and the hatch plate 18 will not be shaken in its open position. As shown by the solid line in Figure 5, when the hatch panel 18 is in the closed position at Risi, that is, the opening part 2, the connection switch mechanism_ is located in the folded position, and the ejection is maintained by the second 134. Moreover, when the thin plate 阙 is initially opened, the second link 25-28 is standing ㈣, and when the hatch ㈣ is fully open (full opening angle 95 °), each link 25-28 is extended and stretched by the tensile spring% Issuance of insurance ^ its location. On the other hand, the face plate 18 is kept in the fully open position without being shaken by private or external disturbance. Furthermore, since the aforementioned switch connection mechanism u is not the gist of the present invention, its detailed description is omitted. 9 ′ As shown in FIG. 5, between the inner surface of the jaw frame ^ and the inner surface of the jaw plate 18, the connection switch mechanism U, < The gas spring Gs is a well-known ^ △ σ test *, and is helpful to the opening of the hatch plate 18, and is in a contracted state when the hatch plate 18 is closed and the opening 2 is closed from w. '' Next, the steps of attaching the hatch unit ^^ to the opening 2 will be described mainly with reference to FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (d). ① Installation steps of the hatch unit [refer to FIG. 6 (a)] First, After nailing the aforementioned side frame 10 to the outer peripheral surface of the hatch unit Hu of the unjoined plank 5 i8b with nails 19 and 21, install the hatch unit into the opening 2 and install it. ② Position adjustment steps of the hatch unit [ (Refer to Fig. 6 (b).) Under this dress shape, the substrate protruding beyond the side frame is placed on the mounting surface 8 composed of the drop surface on the sleeper 4 on the Fr side of the floor. At this time, since a position adjustment space Sp is formed between the base material 11 of the side frame 10 and the base material 5 on the Fr side of the floor, that is, a "clearance" is formed, the hatch unit Hu can separate the opening 2 from the opening 2 Freely adjust its installation position in the left and right directions. ③ The completion of the installation of the hatch unit and the steps of joining the planks [refer to Figure 6 (c)] 15 Adjust the position of the hatch unit opening 2 and determine the hatch unit

After the installation position of Hu, the side frame 10 fixed to the hatch unit Hu is nailed to the sleeper 4 on the side of the floor Fr with nails 14, and the bottom material 5 of the floor Fr and the bottom material 11 of the side frame 10 and On the floor material i8a of the hatch unit Hu, the joint planks 6, 18b are laid. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, by performing the aforementioned position adjustment, the joint between the floor panel 18b on the Hu side of the hatch 20 and the floor panel 6 on the Fr side of the floor can be precisely joined, and the hatch unit Hu The upper surface of the floor plate 18b and the upper surface of the floor plate 6 on the Fr side are adjusted to be the same surface. In the state where this step is completed, the hatch unit Hu can be installed on the opening 2 in a regular position, and the opening 2 is shown in Fig. 3, and can be borrowed from the hatch of the hatch unit Hu. Board 18 for switching. Moreover, in a state where the hatch 2 is closed by the hatch panel 18, the seam igb on the side of the hatch panel 18 and the floor 6 on the floor Fr side can be aligned with each other to make it equal to the floor panels 6, 18b. The plane can be adjusted to the appearance of the floor surface with the hatch 18 and can increase its product value by 5 steps. In particular, it can be used as a barrier-free floor surface without forming a drop on the floor surface. ④ Hatch unit disassembly steps [refer to Figure 6 (d)] The side frame 10 fixed to the hatch unit Hu can be separated from the hatch unit Hu by removing the nails 21, and the hatch unit Hu is regarded as a single unit. The openings 2 and 10 can be disassembled, and simple maintenance such as replacement of the rim frame 18c of the hatch unit Hu can be performed. In this embodiment, as the side frame 10 is fixed with a wooden reinforcing frame U, as shown by the lock line in FIG. 3, nails 35 can be nailed on the plank 6 from the top toward the reinforcing frame 12, and the plank 6 can be prevented from being opened. . Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 7-8. In the figure, the same components as those in the first embodiment are given the same numbers. In the second embodiment, the structure of the side frame 镶边 that borders the opening edge of the opening 2 is different. Specifically, in addition to the frame U of the wooden dream reinforcement 20 of the i-th embodiment, the side frame 10 is The base material 11 is fixed on the angle steel 13 made of metal, and the outer frame i7b of the hatch frame 17 is directly nailed to the vertical side of the angle steel 13. 2. This second implementation shot, the step of installing the grab unit Hu on the opening 2 is the same as the previous i embodiment. As shown in Figures 8 (a) to 8 (c), it is installed through the hatch sheet 12 1224163 yuan. The steps, hatch unit position adjustment steps, and hatch unit setting are completed. The steps and plank joining steps are performed, but at this time, it is directly nailed to the corner frame 13 of the side frame 10 of the frame 17b outside the inspection unit. The position adjustment nail is stopped at the drop portion 8 on the sleeper 4 of the floor Fr. Moreover, the joint flooring 6 and 18b are laid on the base material 5 5 of the floor Fr and the base material 11 of the side frame 10 and the base material 18a of the hatch unit Hu, and are the same as the first embodiment shown in FIG. , 'Can make the joint between the hatch unit Hu side panel 18b and the floor Fr side panel 6 consistent, and the hatch unit Hu the panel 18b and the floor Fr side panel 6 can be adjusted to the same surface. 10 Also, as shown in FIG. 8 (d), after the hatch unit is loaded and unloaded, the inspection unit Hu can be removed by the opening portion 2. At this time, the corner steel 13 of the outer frame 17b and the side frame 10 of the hatch unit Hu It is separated and attached to the floor margin frame 10, so it is easy to exchange and repair the components of the hatch unit Hu, as in the first embodiment. 15 As described above, the second embodiment can achieve the same effects as the first embodiment. Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 9. ® The same components as those in the second embodiment are assigned the same numbers. 20 In the third embodiment, in the second embodiment described above, a floor structure is placed by supporting the structure of the floor j7r. Most of the pillars 41 are built on the flat plate S through the anti-vibration rubber 40 and laid on the pillars 41. The bottom plate 42 is fixed, and the bottom plate 42 is laminated with a substrate 43 and a floor 6. The side frame 10 which is nailed to the outer frame 17b of the hatch unit hu is nailed to the drop portion 8 on the bottom plate 42 for adjusting the position after adjusting the left and right and front and rear positions. Next, as in the first and second embodiments described above, joints can be performed on the floor Fr and the hatch unit Hu, and the planks 6, 18b can be laid, so that the same effect as that of the first and second brothers can be achieved. 5 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various embodiments can be made within the scope of the present invention. For example, in the foregoing embodiment, the case where the present invention is implemented in a collective house having a frame structure with an inverted beam has been described, but it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to other buildings such as independent houses. In addition, other processing boards 10 may be used instead of the planking of the foregoing embodiment. [Brief description of the drawings] Figures 1 to 6 (d) show a first embodiment of the present invention, and figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a part of a building having a hatch structure of the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1. 15 Figure 3 is an enlarged view showing the portion surrounded by the imaginary line indicated by the arrow in Figure 2-3. Figure 4 is a partial plan view showing a part along line 4-4 of Figure 3. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Fig. 4. 20 Figures 6 (a) to 6 (d) are action diagrams showing the installation process of the hatch unit installed on the opening of the floor. Figures 7 to 8 are sectional views showing the second embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 7 is a sectional view showing the same hatch structure as in Figure 3. Figures 8 (a) to 8 (d) are action diagrams showing the installation process of the hatch unit when it is installed in the opening of the floor. Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a hatch structure of the third embodiment of the present invention [the main elements of the figure represent the symbol table] 1.... Living space 2.... Openings 3.... Joist 3d .. Most column joists 4 .. Pillows * 5, 11, 18a ... Substrates 6, 18b ... Laminates 6a ... Laminate modules 8. Mounting surfaces 9, 14, 16, 19, 21, 35 ... Nails 10. Side frame 12 ... Reinforcement frame 13. Angle steel 17 ... Hatch frame 17a ... Hatch frame body 17b ... Outer frame 18 .... Hatch plate 18c ... rim frame 24, 30 ... base plate 25 ... first link 26 ... second link 27 ... third link 28 ... fourth link 31 to 33 ... bolt connection 34 ·· .Tension spring 40 .. Shockproof rubber 41 ... Pillar 42 ... Floor Cd ... Under floor space 15 1224163

Cu ... space on the floor F ... frame

Fh ... horizontal frame part Fv ... vertical frame part Fr ... floor Gs ... gas spring Hu ... hatch unit Li ... connection switch mechanism S ... flat

Sp ... space for adjusting position Rb ... inverted beam

Claims (1)

1224163 The scope of patent application: 1. A hatch structure in a building, which is provided with an opening (2) on the floor (Fr) that separates the space above the floor (Cu) and the space below the floor (Cd), and opens in the opening Department (2) who installs a 5 yuan (Hu) hatch sheet with a switchable hatch panel (18), is characterized in that: The side frame (10), and the side frame (10) is adjusted on the mounting surface (8) having a position adjustment space (Sp) formed around the opening (2) of the floor (Fr) Position and installation, and lay processing boards (6, 18b) such as planks on the floor (5, 11 and 18a) of the aforementioned floor (Fr), side frame (10) and cabin 10 (18). 2. As for the hatch structure in the building in the scope of application for patent item 1, wherein the aforementioned hatch unit (Hu) is separated from the aforementioned side frame (10) installed around the aforementioned opening (2), and The opening (2) is removed. 15 17