579342 修正 35卜002TWP-2/28 四、聲明事項： □ ^張專利法第二十二條第二項 規 门實’其事實發生日期為：广月弟二或口第一規疋之1 □申請前已向下觸家（地區）中請專利：° H清依：受理國家（地區）、申請日、申請案號順序註記】 Q張專利法第二十七條第-際攸權： 1〇 □無主張專利法第二十七條第_項國際優先權： C]主張專槪帛二十九_項國n優先權： 【袼式請依：申請曰、申請案號順序註記】 15 □主張專利法第三十條生物材料： 口須寄存生物材料者： 國内生物材料【格式請依：寄存機構、日期、號瑪順序註記】 20記】國外生物材料【格式請依：寄存國家、機構、日期、號碼順序註 Ε]不須寄存生物材料者： 所屬技術領域中具有通f知識者綠祕時，顿寄存。 579342 修正 351-〇〇2twp-4/28 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明爲一種「車用電源之監測預警方法及裝置 (二）」，其係將一監測預警裝置設置在車輛上，且與待 5測電池及啟動馬達並聯，並利用啟動馬達作為負載而構成 外迴路式取樣電路，以1 / t秒為間隔取樣時間，瞬間 測得取樣電壓值，而間隔描繪出電壓曲線，由於啟動馬達 發動車輛時，並聯端所量測到之電壓波形會明顯急速下降 一波段再回升:，此時即在電壓曲線上形成一最低點，若將 10此電壓值與系統所設定之預警值相比對，即可判斷出電池 狀態是否仍可繼續供應足夠之啟動電能，以供啟動馬達進 行下π次之車輛發動，並提供適時之預警顯示。 【先前技術】 按，吾人在使用車輛時，需藉由電池供應足夠之啟動 15電能，方能使啟動馬達運轉而發動車輛；惟，實用上，因 無法事先得知該電池是否仍具有足夠之啟動電能，所以常 常只有在啟動不順利時，才會得知電池之電能不足，或者 雖本次仍可順利啟動馬達，然而下次再啟動時，電池卻早 已耗損。 20 再者，車用電池之壽命常視環境溫度、充電條件、充 電時間、及負載放電而定，影響因素極為複雜，一般電池 (如以ΝΡ型電池為例），其「放電特性」、「溫度特 性」、及「儲藏特性」之關係如第1 2至1 4圖所示；因 579342 修正 351-002TWP-5/28 ^ —眾多因素影響下，若欲避免臨時無法啟動車輛之窘 士兄’貫有長時間監測電池之必要。 【發明内容】 5 本發月之主要目的，即爲提供_種設置在車輛上可長時 間I’則之「車用電源之監測預警方法及裝置（二）」，係 將一監测預警裝置，與待測電池及啟動馬達並聯，以單迴 方式利用啟動馬達作為負冑而構成一外迴路式取樣 電聲’ M l / t秒為間隔時間，瞬間測得取樣錢值，而 10 間隔描繪出電勤線，由於啟動馬達發動車輛時，並聯端 所量測到之電壓波形會明顯急速下降一波段再回升，而在 電壓曲線上形成一最低點，因此，經由此最低電壓值盥系 統所設定之預警值相比對，即可進行電池狀態之判斷y並 k供適時之預警顯示。 15 本發明之另-目的，即爲提供—種「車用電源之監測預 «方法及裝置（一）」’係將一監測預警裝置，與待測電 池及啟動馬達並聯，以㈣路之方式，長_監_測電 源之狀態，可由啟動馬達作為負載而構成—外迴路式之取 =電路^啟動馬達發動車輛時，以1/t秒為間 間，瞬間測得取樣電壓值，並由監測預警裝置所具有之内 =負載而構成4迴路式之取樣電路，且藉由適當之時段 /刀配’各職替執行不同模式之監測預邀。 本發明之再-目的在於提供―種「車用電源之監測預警方 5 20 579342 修正 351-002TWP-6/28 法及裝置（二）」，係將一監測預警裝置，以電壓曲線啟 動過程中之任一點作為參考點，亦即由啟動開始點至發電 機充電點之前的整段範圍内在所預設之取樣偵測次數的任 一點電壓值，皆可作為偵測電池之重要參考點，而可進行 5電池狀態之正確判斷依據，並提供適時之預警顯示者。 【實施方式】 請參閱第1至7圖所示，在較佳實施例中，本發明方 珠係將一監測預警裝置2 〇，與待測電池B 2及啟動裝置（以 下說明以啟動馬達為代表）S1並聯，以單迴路之方式，利 10用啟動馬達S1作為負載而構成一外迴路式取樣電路，於啟 ，馬達發動車輛時，以1/t秒為間隔取樣時間，瞬間測 得取樣電壓值，而間隔描緣出電壓曲線，並將電壓曲線上 之最低電壓值與系統所設定之預警值相比對，以進行電池 狀態之判斷，並提供適時之預警顯示。 15 #第1圖所示，係爲本發明方法之步驟流程方塊圖； 其中，可知該監測預警方法包含以下之步驟： ,遠二X係爲「外迴路式瞬間取樣」之步驟，利用啟鸯 ;達作為負載，依系統之設t以每t秒為担 20 壓值 間：對待測電池以進行瞬間之取樣偵測，以測得一取㈣ 步驟2，係爲「儲存數值 電壓值，以得到電壓曲線； 步驟3，係爲「數值計算 」之步驟，系統儲存所測得之 」之步驟，系統求得並紀錄最 579342 修正 351-002TWP-7/28 低電壓值； 步驟4，孫致「a #，n县、#數值比對」之步驟，系統設定有一預警 到預2棺拉低電壓值與預警值相比對，若最低電壓值未達 s # p I丨，即表示電池B2之狀態仍屬正常，若最低電壓 φ ^ ^時，即表示電壓曲線之最低點已達到或貫 穿 '戒線’此時電池Β2之狀態即屬異常； " 系爲結果顯示」之步驟，系統將步驟3之結 輸出至可供顯示之單元，且若步驟4之比對結果已達預 彳值，則即進行預警顯示； '且重覆步驟1至步驟5 ,即可長時間監測，並可事切 知該電池⑽是否可繼續供就夠之啟動電能，以達 預警之目的。 叮 如第2圖所"F，係爲本發明方法之軟體流程示意圖； 其中，該軟體流程10包括： ’579342 Amendment 35 [002TWP-2 / 28] 4. Statements: □ ^ Zhang Patent Law, Article 22, Item 2 ', the actual date of its occurrence is: Guangyue Di Er or Mouth No. 1 □ Patent has been touched down before application (area): ° H Qingyi: Receiving country (region), application date, application number sequence notes] Q Zhang Patent Law Article 27 Article-International Interests: 1 〇 □ No claim to Article 27, International Priority of the Patent Law: C] Claim to the Specialty of 29_Items, n Priority: [Formula please follow: Application Note, Application Number Order Notes] 15 □ Claims Article 30 of the Patent Law on biological materials: Those who must deposit biological materials: Domestic biological materials [Please follow the format for the deposit institution, date, and serial number] 20 Notes] Foreign biological materials [For the format, please deposit: Country, institution, date, and number sequence Note E] Those who do not need to deposit biological materials: Those who have knowledge in the technical field of their own, should deposit them temporarily. 579342 Amendment 351-〇〇twtw-4 / 28 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention is a "monitoring and early warning method and device for vehicle power supply (2)", which is a monitoring and early warning device set On the vehicle, in parallel with the battery to be tested and the starter motor, and using the starter motor as a load to form an outer loop sampling circuit, the sampling time is measured at 1 / t second intervals, and the sampling voltage value is measured instantaneously, and the interval is plotted The voltage curve, because when the motor is started by the motor, the voltage waveform measured at the parallel end will drop sharply and then rise again: at this time, a minimum point will be formed on the voltage curve. If 10 this voltage value and the system By comparing the set early warning values, you can determine whether the battery state can still continue to supply enough starting power for the starting motor to start the next π vehicle start and provide a timely warning display. [Previous technology] Press, when we use the vehicle, we need to supply enough starting 15 electric energy through the battery to start the motor and start the vehicle; however, practically, it is impossible to know in advance whether the battery still has sufficient Start the electric energy, so often only when the startup is not smooth, you will know that the battery power is insufficient, or although the motor can still be started successfully this time, the next time you restart, the battery is already worn out. 20 Furthermore, the life of a vehicle battery often depends on the ambient temperature, charging conditions, charging time, and load discharge. The influencing factors are extremely complex. For general batteries (such as NP-type batteries), their "discharge characteristics", " The relationship between "temperature characteristics" and "storage characteristics" is shown in Figures 12 to 14; due to 579342 amendment 351-2002TWP-5 / 28 ^-under the influence of many factors, if you want to avoid the embarrassment of temporarily unable to start the vehicle 'There is always a need to monitor the battery for a long time. [Summary of the Invention] 5 The main purpose of this month is to provide _ a kind of "monitoring and early warning method and device for vehicle power supply (2)" which can be installed on the vehicle for a long time. It is a monitoring and early warning device In parallel with the battery to be tested and the starter motor, the starter motor is used as a negative loop to form an external loop sampling electro-acoustic sound in a single-shot manner. The interval is M l / t seconds, and the value of the sampled money is measured instantaneously. For the electric service line, the voltage waveform measured at the parallel end will drop sharply and then rise again when the motor is used to start the vehicle, and a minimum point will be formed on the voltage curve. Therefore, the minimum voltage Compare the set early warning value, you can judge the battery status y and k for timely early warning display. 15 Another object of the present invention is to provide a "pre-monitoring method and device (1) for vehicle power supply", which is a monitoring and early warning device connected in parallel with the battery to be tested and the starter motor in a way The long-term monitoring of the state of the power supply can be constituted by the starter motor as a load—outer circuit type = circuit ^ When the starter motor starts the vehicle, the sampled voltage value is instantaneously measured in 1 / t seconds, and is determined by The monitoring and early warning device has a four-loop sampling circuit with the internal = load, and performs appropriate monitoring / invitation for each mode by appropriate time / knife configuration. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide "a method for monitoring and pre-police for vehicle power supply 5 20 579342 amended 351-2002TWP-6 / 28 method and device (2)", which is a monitoring and early warning device that starts with the voltage curve. Any point is used as a reference point, that is, the voltage value at any point within the preset sampling detection times within the entire range from the start point to the generator charging point, can be used as an important reference point for battery detection, and Can make a correct judgment basis of 5 battery status, and provide timely warning display. [Embodiment] Please refer to Figs. 1 to 7. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention uses a monitoring and early warning device 20, a battery B 2 to be tested and a starting device (the following description uses the starting motor as (Representative) S1 is connected in parallel, using a single-circuit method, and using the starter motor S1 as a load to form an outer-loop sampling circuit. When Qi starts, the motor starts the vehicle at a sampling interval of 1 / t second, and the sampling is instantaneously measured. The voltage value, and the voltage curve is traced at the interval, and the minimum voltage value on the voltage curve is compared with the warning value set by the system to judge the battery status and provide a timely warning display. 15 #shown in Figure 1 is a block diagram of the steps of the method of the present invention; among them, it can be known that the monitoring and early warning method includes the following steps: Far Two X is the step of "outer loop instantaneous sampling". ; As a load, according to the system setting t with a load of 20 voltage values per t seconds: the battery to be tested is sampled and detected instantaneously to obtain a measurement. Step 2 is "storing the numerical voltage value to Obtain the voltage curve; Step 3 is the step of "numerical calculation", the system stores the measured "step, the system finds and records the maximum 5793342 correction 351-002TWP-7 / 28 low voltage value; Step 4, Sun Zhi "A #, n county, # numerical value comparison" step, the system sets a warning to the pre-2 coffin pull-down voltage value compared with the warning value, if the minimum voltage value does not reach s # p I 丨, it means battery B2 The state of the battery is still normal. If the minimum voltage φ ^ ^, it means that the lowest point of the voltage curve has reached or penetrated the 'circle line'. At this time, the state of the battery B2 is abnormal; " is the result display "step, the system Output the result of step 3 to a displayable unit And if the comparison result in step 4 has reached the pre-set value, an early warning display is performed; 'and repeating steps 1 to 5 can be monitored for a long time, and it is sufficient to know whether the battery can continue to be supplied. It starts electric energy for the purpose of early warning. As shown in FIG. 2 " F, it is a schematic diagram of the software process of the method of the present invention; wherein, the software process 10 includes: ’
15 机程11，係爲系統開始，系統硬體中斷向量位址，A 軟體程式之起始點； … 、飢程12 ’係爲系統初始化，系統暫存器及輸出入腳之 初始化’以設定暫存器之初始值、打開中斷向量及計時 器，並定義每-根輸出人腳之㈣及初始值； 、 20 流程13，係爲系統設定預警值U時間參數t ; 机私14，係爲系統定義取樣項次y之初始 測得空載電壓值Vq; 且 流程1 5 ’係爲取樣項次i之累進運算； 579342 修正 351-002TWP-8/28 流程150,係以l/ t秒為相鄰取樣項次y之間隔時 間，瞬間測得一取樣電壓值V,.; 流程151，係將電壓值V,.予以儲存，以求得電壓曲 線； 5 流程152 ’係爲求取最小值之運算，V,.為此次電壓讀 取值，V",為電壓最小值，以求得電壓曲線中之最低點電 壓值，並執行下一流程； 流程153，係爲電壓值V…是否為預警值^^…之判 定，若電壓值Vw"小於或等於V"…，即表示電壓曲線之 κ)最低點已達到或貫穿警戒線，並接續執行流程16，若判定 結果為否，即表示電池B2之狀態仍屬正常，則再次回到流 程1 5，而執行下一項次之取樣偵測； 流程16，係爲控制顯示單元，以執行預警顯示，並再 次回到流程15，而持續執行取樣偵測。 15 如第3圖所示，係爲本發明裝置之硬體方塊圖 (一），該監測預警裝置2〇，係設置在車輛上，包括一穩 壓電路21、一 CPU(或MCU)22、一電壓取樣電路23、一 電流負載控制電路24、及一顯示電路25等，且並聯於待 測電源30上；其中： 20 該穩壓電路21，係為供應CPIJ(或MCU)22及工作電 路之正常工作電壓者，可輪出平穩之電源； 該CPU(或MCU)22，係為控制整體之電路動作，由偵 測取樣至結果輸出等； 8 579342 修正 351-002TWP-9/28 該電壓取樣電路23，係每隔1 / t秒，CPU(或 MCU)22即由此向待測電源3〇取得電壓資料，再送到 CPU(或MCU)22做處理； 該顯示電路25,係由CPU(或MCU)22依照測量之結 果，顯示在LCD面板上或任何可供顯示之裝置上； 該待測電源30，係由一電池B2及一啟動馬達si所並 聯構成； 藉此’監測預警裝置2〇設置在車輛上，且與待測電池 B2及啟動馬達S1並聯後，即可利用啟動馬達S1作為負 10載，而構成一外迴路式取樣電路，於啟動馬達發動車輛 時，以1/ t秒為間隔時間，瞬間測得取樣電壓值，而間 隔描缘出電壓曲線，並將電壓曲線上之最低電壓值與系統 所設定之預警值相比對，以判斷電池B2狀態是否可繼續供 應足夠之啟動電能，並提供適時之預警顯示。 15 如第3A、3B、3C圖所示，係爲本發明裝置實際15 Machine 11, which is the start of the system, the system hardware interrupt vector address, the starting point of the A software program;…, 12: 'System initialization, the initialization of the system register and the input and output pins' to set Initial value of the register, open interrupt vector and timer, and define the value and initial value of the output of each foot; 20, process 13, which sets the warning value U time parameter t for the system; machine private 14, which is The system defines the initial measured no-load voltage value Vq of the sampling term y; and the process 15 'is a progressive operation of the sampling term i; 579342 Amends 351-002TWP-8 / 28 process 150, which uses l / t seconds as The interval between adjacent sampling terms y, an instantaneous measurement of a sampling voltage value V,.; Flow 151, the voltage value V ,. is stored to obtain the voltage curve; 5 flow 152 'is to find the minimum For calculation, V ,. is the current voltage read value, and V " is the minimum voltage value, to obtain the lowest point voltage value in the voltage curve, and execute the next flow; Flow 153, is the voltage value V ... It is the determination of the warning value ^^ ... If the voltage value Vw " is less than or equal to V " ... The κ) minimum point of the voltage curve has reached or penetrated the warning line, and continues to execute the process 16. If the determination result is no, it means that the state of the battery B2 is still normal, then return to the process 15 again, and execute the next item Secondly, sampling detection; Flow 16 is to control the display unit to perform early warning display, and return to Flow 15 again, and continue to perform sampling detection. 15 As shown in FIG. 3, it is a hardware block diagram (1) of the device of the present invention. The monitoring and early warning device 20 is installed on the vehicle and includes a voltage stabilization circuit 21, a CPU (or MCU) 22, A voltage sampling circuit 23, a current load control circuit 24, and a display circuit 25 are connected in parallel to the power source 30 to be tested; of which: 20 The voltage stabilization circuit 21 is for supplying CPIJ (or MCU) 22 and working circuit Those with normal operating voltage can turn out a stable power supply; The CPU (or MCU) 22 is to control the overall circuit operation, from detection and sampling to result output, etc. 8 579342 Amend 351-52TWP-9 / 28 This voltage The sampling circuit 23 is every 1 / t second, and the CPU (or MCU) 22 obtains the voltage data from the power supply 30 to be tested, and then sends it to the CPU (or MCU) 22 for processing. The display circuit 25 is controlled by the CPU. (Or MCU) 22 is displayed on the LCD panel or any device that can be displayed according to the measurement results; the power source 30 to be tested is composed of a battery B2 and a starter motor si connected in parallel; 20 is installed on the vehicle and can be used after being connected in parallel with the battery B2 to be tested and the starter motor S1. The starter motor S1 has a negative load of 10 and constitutes an outer loop sampling circuit. When the starter motor starts the vehicle, the sampling voltage value is measured instantaneously at an interval of 1 / t second, and the voltage curve is traced at the interval. The minimum voltage value on the voltage curve is compared with the pre-warning value set by the system to determine whether the state of battery B2 can continue to supply sufficient starting power and provide a timely pre-warning display. 15 As shown in Figures 3A, 3B, and 3C, this is the actual device of the invention
測量之實驗圖表，以顯示不同電池之電壓曲線；在第3 A 圖中，電壓曲線由點P1開始，點P2為車輛點火時之啟動 點’由於啟動馬達發動車輛時，並聯端所量測到之電壓波 形會明顯急速下降-波段再回升，而在電壓曲線上形成一 最低點點P3，因此，.點p3即為最低電廢值（在第3八圖 式實驗中&游;2可知為8·88ν)，點p4所形成之區 間係描繪出啟動馬達之啟動實況（此為本發明之另一特 色）且藉由點P4所描繪出之曲線，即可得知啟動馬達之 9 579342 修正 351-002TWP-10/28 啟動狀態是否正常，例如：當啟動三相馬達時，點P4所描 繪出之曲線應有三個漣形波段，若實際形成之漣形波段少 於三個，即表示啟動馬達之啟動狀態已發生異常，故點p 4 所描繪出之波段曲線可作為判斷電池B2工作狀態之良窳的 5重要依據。P5為發電機之充電點；第3 B圖為第3 a圖的 最低點彳貞測電壓曲線的放大圖，最低電壓值由游標2可知 為8.88V，由此可更為詳盡的看出電壓曲線之實際變化； 在第3C圖中，最低電壓值由游標2可知為U1V，且本 圖所示之多排條狀電壓曲線變化，並無如第3 A圖中點p4 10所描繪之連續式漣形波段曲線，即表示此電池啟動馬達之 啟動狀態已潑生異常，亦即電池之最低電壓值已無法令啟 動馬達啟動，顯示該電池已報廢。 如第4圖所不，係爲本發明裴置之硬體方塊圖 (二），該監測預警裝置20,進一步可包含一電池B2極 15性逆向保護電路26、一聲音報警警告裝置電路^等·，其 中： 該電池極性逆向保護電路26，係為避免正負極性接 所可能導致之損壞，因此，即使在電池極性逆向時，仍 確保本發明裝置之安全； ^聲曰報吾警告裝置電路27,係由聊(或腳乂 依照測量之結果’在電池B2異常時（例如：老化、損壞 低電壓時），即可同時以聲音提供警訊。 如第5圖所示’係爲本發明裝置之硬體方塊 10 579342 修正 351-002TWP-11/28 (三） ，該監測預警裝置20,進一步又可包含一電源狀態 偵測電路28、一電錶顯示裝置281、及一數位信號界面轉 換器282等；其中： 該電源狀態彳貞測電路2 8 ’係當電池B 2有充電之情形 5時，CPU(或MCU)22可由此向待測電源3〇取得測試電壓 資料，以判斷電池B2之充電狀況，再送到cpu(或 MCU)22做處理； 該電錶顯示裝置281，係由CPU(或MCU)22依照測量 •之結果，以電錶顧示數字措出狀況;: 照測量之結果，可經由界面與外界做溝通、連繫； 由於本發明之監測預警裝置2〇係並聯於電池β2上， 因此’可由CPU(或MCU)22偵測電池B2是否有充電不良 之情形； 亦即Μ有充電之情形時，並聯端所量測到之電壓波形 會明顯向上提升，另當並聯端所量測到之電壓波形無法達 到預期之上升值時，CPU(或MC1022即可藉由電源狀態偵 測電路28而判斷出有充電不良之狀況，並將結果顯示煞 告。 ° 0 如第6圖所示，係爲本發明裝置之硬體方塊圖 (四） ，該監測預警裝置20,進一步又可包含一電池溫度 偵測電路2 9、一電池溫度感知器2 91等；其中： 該電池溫度偵測電路29,係可由電池溫度感知器291 579342 修正 351-002TWP-12/28 里2出電池之溫度，再把資料經由cpu (或MCU)22對應電 ^度之特性曲線，以計算出精密之電池容量，而避免環 因素之影響所可能導致之偏差，並修正設定之預警值 (因為，環境溫度會影響電池之曲線圖，如第i 3、丄4 5圖所示）。 如第7圖所不，係爲本發明裝置之軚佳實施電路圖， 其中’ B3為待測電池、D4為LED指示器。 艰參閱第8至1 1圖所示，在第二實施例申，本發明 方去係以雙迴路之方式，長時間監測待測電源3 〇之狀態， 可由啟動馬達S1作為負載而構成一外迴路式之取樣電路， …並由監測預警裝置20所具有之㈣負 之取樣電路，且藉由適當之時段分配，而各別交替執行不 同模式之監測預警，並使其實施最佳化；復請參閱第3至 6圖所不’在第二實施例中，本發明裝置進_步可包括一 15電流負載控制電路24，且該電流負載控制電路24，係由 CPU(或MCU)22依照軟體程式，控制及調整加載電流負 載，以測試待測電源30的輸出電能量。 如第8圖所示，係爲本發明方法第二實施例之步驟流 程方鬼圖’、中了知該監測預警方法執行外迴路取樣電 20路之步驟大體上與上述較佳實施例者相同，而執行内迴路 取樣電路之步驟則包括： 步驟6，係爲「内迴路式瞬間取樣」之步驟，利用監測 ~預警裝置2 G所具有之内部負載，依系統之狀，每隔T2 12 579342 10 15 Δ) alarm 修正 351-002TWP-13/28 秒’由功率晶體做短時間之開關切換，對電池B2進行瞬間 之大電流負栽放電，而測得一取樣電壓值，並依系統之設 疋而重覆N次’使系統獲得N個取樣電壓值； 步驟7，係爲「數值計算」之步驟，系統計算出取樣電 5壓之平均值； 步驟8，係爲「數值比對」之步驟，由於「電池特性」 之使：（如第1 2至1 4圖所示），其特性曲線之斜率常 :末：發生急遽變化，而難以預測，因此，系統可設定有 步驟5執行結果顯示，且若步驟8之比對結果已達预慜 值，則即進行預警顯示； , / 3 ^驟9係爲「間隔待測」之步驟，依系統設定之待^ 曰1Π ’進行間隔計時以等待下讀之量測； 且重覆上述之步驟’即可長時間監測電池Μ之狀態』 充電狀況是否異常。 " 丨亦场夺*赞"明万法第二The experimental chart of the measurement shows the voltage curves of different batteries. In Figure 3A, the voltage curve starts from point P1, and point P2 is the starting point of the vehicle when it is ignited. The voltage waveform will obviously drop sharply-the band will rise again, and a lowest point P3 will be formed on the voltage curve. Therefore, the point p3 is the lowest value of electrical waste (in the figure 8 experiment &swim; 2 we can know (8 · 88ν), the interval formed by point p4 depicts the actual starting condition of the starter motor (this is another feature of the present invention), and by the curve drawn by point P4, we can know that the starter motor 9 579342 Amend 351-002TWP-10 / 28 whether the starting state is normal, for example: when starting a three-phase motor, the curve drawn by point P4 should have three ripple bands. If the actual ripple band is less than three, it means The starting state of the starter motor has been abnormal, so the waveband curve drawn at point p 4 can be used as the 5 important basis for judging the goodness of the working state of battery B2. P5 is the charging point of the generator; Figure 3B is an enlarged view of the lowest point in Figure 3a. The minimum voltage value can be known from the cursor 2 to be 8.88V, so the voltage can be seen in more detail. The actual change of the curve; In Figure 3C, the minimum voltage value can be known as U1V from the cursor 2, and the multi-row bar voltage curve shown in this figure does not change continuously as depicted by point p4 10 in Figure 3A The ripple-shaped curve indicates that the start state of the battery start motor has been abnormal, that is, the minimum voltage value of the battery can no longer start the start motor, indicating that the battery has been scrapped. As shown in FIG. 4, it is a hardware block diagram (II) of Pei Zhi of the present invention. The monitoring and early warning device 20 may further include a battery B2 pole 15-reverse protection circuit 26, an audible alarm warning circuit ^, etc. · Among them: The battery polarity reverse protection circuit 26 is to avoid possible damage caused by the positive and negative polarity connection. Therefore, even when the battery polarity is reversed, the safety of the device of the present invention is still ensured; It is provided by chat (or the fetters according to the measurement result). When the battery B2 is abnormal (for example: aging, damage to low voltage), it can provide a warning signal by sound at the same time. As shown in Figure 5, it is the device of the present invention. Hardware block 10 579342 Amended 351-2002TWP-11 / 28 (3). The monitoring and early warning device 20 may further include a power state detection circuit 28, an electricity meter display device 281, and a digital signal interface converter 282. Etc .: Among them: the power supply test circuit 2 8 ′ is when the battery B 2 is charged in case 5, the CPU (or MCU) 22 can obtain the test voltage data from the power supply 30 to be tested to determine the battery B2. Charge status Then send it to the CPU (or MCU) 22 for processing; The meter display device 281 is based on the measurement • results by the CPU (or MCU) 22 to figure out the situation with the electricity meter; according to the measurement results, you can use the interface and The outside world communicates and connects; Since the monitoring and early warning device 20 of the present invention is connected in parallel to the battery β2, 'the CPU (or MCU) 22 can detect whether the battery B2 is badly charged; that is, the battery is charged. At this time, the voltage waveform measured at the parallel end will increase significantly. When the voltage waveform measured at the parallel end cannot reach the expected rise value, the CPU (or MC1022 can use the power state detection circuit 28 to It is judged that there is a state of poor charging, and the results are displayed. ° 0 As shown in FIG. 6, it is a hardware block diagram (four) of the device of the present invention. The monitoring and early warning device 20 may further include a battery. Temperature detection circuit 2 9, a battery temperature sensor 2 91, etc .; Among them: the battery temperature detection circuit 29, which can be adjusted by the battery temperature sensor 291 579342, the temperature of 2 batteries in 351-002TWP-12 / 28, and then Pass data through CPU (or MCU) 22 Corresponds to the characteristic curve of electricity, in order to calculate the precise battery capacity, to avoid the deviation caused by the influence of ring factors, and to modify the set early warning value (because the ambient temperature will affect the battery curve, as shown in the i 3. (see Figure 4 and 5). As shown in Figure 7, this is a good circuit diagram of the device of the present invention, where 'B3 is the battery to be tested and D4 is the LED indicator. Please refer to Figures 8 to 11 As shown, in the second embodiment, the present invention uses a dual-loop method to monitor the state of the power supply 30 to be tested for a long time. The starter motor S1 can be used as a load to form an external loop-type sampling circuit. The negative sampling circuit possessed by the monitoring and early warning device 20, and the monitoring and early warning of different modes are performed alternately and optimized by the appropriate time allocation; please refer to Figures 3 to 6 for details. No. In the second embodiment, the device of the present invention may further include a 15 current load control circuit 24, and the current load control circuit 24 is controlled and adjusted by the CPU (or MCU) 22 according to a software program Load to test Measuring the energy output of power source 30. As shown in FIG. 8, it is a flowchart of the steps of the second embodiment of the method of the present invention, and the steps of performing the monitoring and early-warning method to perform sampling of 20 circuits in the outer loop are substantially the same as those of the above-mentioned preferred embodiment. The steps of implementing the internal loop sampling circuit include: Step 6 is a step of "internal loop type instantaneous sampling", using the internal load of the monitoring ~ early warning device 2 G, depending on the system, every T2 12 579342 10 15 Δ) alarm amended 351-002TWP-13 / 28 seconds' by the power crystal for short-time switching, to perform a momentary high-current load discharge on battery B2, and measure a sampling voltage value, and according to the system settings Repeat “N times” to make the system obtain N sampling voltage values; Step 7 is a step of “numerical calculation”, the system calculates the average value of 5 voltages of the sampling voltage; Step 8 is a “numerical comparison” In the step, because of the "battery characteristics": (as shown in Figures 12 to 14), the slope of its characteristic curve is often: End: A sudden change occurs and it is difficult to predict, so the system can set the execution result of step 5. Is displayed, and if step 8 The comparison result has reached the pre-set value, then the warning display will be performed;, / 3 ^ Step 9 is the step of “Interval to be tested”, and the interval is set according to the system setting to wait ^ 1 ′ 'to wait for the next reading measurement ; Repeat the above steps 'can monitor the state of the battery M for a long time' whether the charging status is abnormal. " 丨 also won * praise " Ming Wanfa second
程示：圖；其中，該軟體流程10，包括T ::U ’係爲系統開始，系統硬體 位 軟體程式之起始點； 初^程12 ’係爲系統初始化，系統暫存器及輸出入j 初始化，以設定塹左盟々、b 器，並定義每一奸屮之初始值、打開中斷向量及1 ^母根輸出人腳之狀態及初始值； 抓程13’係爲系統設定外迴路預警值v 13 579342 修正 351-002TWP-14/28 預警值v及時間參數t、了 2 ; 流程14，係爲系統定義取樣項次/之初始值為〇，且 測得空載電壓值V 〇 ; 流程18,係爲待測計時，計時器開始計數待测間隔之 5時間T2，且執行下一流程19 ; 流程19，係爲内迴路取樣偵測之週期判定，若計時器 所什數之待測間隔時間尚未達到系統設定之T 2值時，則& 行副程式A，且完成副程式a後，即再次回到流程18，繼 續計時，直到已達系統設定之T2值時，則執行副程式B/， 10且完成副程式B後，即再次回到流程1以热> π a娜仃下一週期 之取樣偵測； 該副程式A ’係以啟動馬達S1作為負栽之外迴路取稽 偵測程式，包括： 流程15，係爲取樣項次/之累進運算； 15 流程150，係以1 / t秒為相鄰取樣項次』·之間隔與 間，瞬間測得一取樣電壓值V.·; ' 流程1 51，係將電壓值V /予以儲存，以七、〜兩^ Μ求得電壓i 線； 流程152，系爲求取最小值之運算，為此次電壓讀 取值，Vw〃為電壓最小值，以求得電壓曲線中之最低點= 壓值，並執行下一流程；Process illustration: Figure; Among them, the software flow 10, including T: U ', is the starting point of the system and the starting point of the system's hardware software program; the initial process 12' is the system initialization, the system register, and the input and output j Initialize to set the left and right side, b, and define the initial value of each traitor, open the interrupt vector and the state and initial value of the output of the human roots; The process 13 'is to set the external circuit for the system Early warning value v 13 579342 Modified 351-002TWP-14 / 28 Early warning value v and time parameter t, 2; Process 14 is to define the initial sampling value of the sampling item / for the system, and measure the no-load voltage value V 〇 ; Flow 18 is the time to be measured, the timer starts counting 5 times T2 of the interval to be measured, and the next flow 19 is executed; Flow 19 is the cycle determination of the internal loop sampling detection. When the interval to be measured has not reached the T 2 value set by the system, & execute subroutine A, and after completing subroutine a, return to flow 18 again and continue counting until the T2 value set by the system is reached, then After executing subroutine B /, 10 and completing subroutine B, it will return to flow 1 again. Heat & π a Na 仃 Sampling detection in the next cycle; The subroutine A 'is to use the starter motor S1 as the off-load detection circuit of the load, including: Flow 15, which is the sampling item time / Progressive calculation; 15 flow 150, based on 1 / t second as adjacent sampling items. ”·, The instantaneous measurement of a sampling voltage value V. ·; 'Flow 1 51, the voltage value V / is stored Calculate the voltage i-line with seven or two ^ Μ; Flow 152 is the operation to obtain the minimum value, which is the current voltage reading value, and Vw〃 is the minimum value of the voltage to obtain the lowest point in the voltage curve = Pressure value, and execute the next process;
流程153，係爲電壓值V… 定，若電壓值V 小於或等於V 是否為預警值Va^e之判 ，即表示電壓曲線之 a J a r a 20 579342 修正 351-002TWP-15/28 最低點已達到或貫穿警戒線，並接續執行流程i6，若判定 結果為否，即表示電池B2之狀態仍屬正常，則再次回到流 程15，而執行下一項次之取樣偵測； 流程16，係爲控制顯示單元，以執行預警顯示，並再 5次回到流程15持續執行取樣债測，及執行下一流程18。 該副程式B，係為一利用監測預警襞置2〇内部負載之 内迴路取樣偵測程式，包括： 流程17 ,係爲啟動負載，啟動功率晶體，以增加負载 t ^ ； 1〇 流程，係爲電壓之取樣摘測，瞬間取樣之貧測時 間為T2，此外，系統可由電壓/電流之關係式換算，而求 得此時之電流，故亦可為電流之取樣偵測； 流程1 71，係爲關閉負載，關閉功率晶體，以去除負 載電流； 'The process 153 is the determination of the voltage value V ... If the voltage value V is less than or equal to V, it is a judgment of Va ^ e, which means that the voltage curve of a J ara 20 579342 is amended 351-002TWP-15 / 28. Reach or cross the warning line, and continue to execute the process i6. If the result of the determination is no, it means that the state of the battery B2 is still normal, then return to process 15 again, and perform the next sampling detection; process 16, is In order to control the display unit, an early warning display is performed, and the process returns to the process 15 for 5 times to continuously perform the sampling debt measurement, and the next process 18 is performed. The subroutine B is a sampling sampling detection program for setting internal internal load using monitoring and early warning, including: Flow 17 is for starting the load and starting the power crystal to increase the load t ^; For voltage sampling and sampling, the lean measurement time for instantaneous sampling is T2. In addition, the system can be converted from the voltage / current relationship to obtain the current at this time, so it can also be used for current sampling detection. Flow 1 71, To turn off the load, turn off the power crystal to remove the load current; '
15 流程1 7 2，係爲取樣偵測次數之判定，若尚未完成N 次取樣偵測之系統設定值時，則再次回到流程1 7，執行下 一次之取樣偵測，直到已完成N次取樣偵測之系統設定值 時，即執行流程1 73 ; 流程173，係爲計算取樣電壓之平均值，亦可為計算 20取樣電流之平均值； 流程1 7 4，係爲數值比對，將流程1 7 3之結果與内迴 路預警值v相比對； 流程175，係爲控制顯示單元，並將結果輸出顯示， 1515 Flow 1 7 2 is the determination of the number of sampling detections. If the system setting value of N sampling detections has not been completed, return to flow 1 7 again and execute the next sampling detection until N times have been completed. When sampling the system setting value, flow 1 73 is performed; flow 173 is to calculate the average value of the sampling voltage, and also to calculate the average value of 20 sampling currents; flow 1 7 4 is a numerical comparison. The result of flow 1 7 3 is compared with the early-warning value v of the internal circuit; flow 175 is a control display unit, and the result is output and displayed, 15