574079 玖、發明說明 (發明說明應敘明：發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、內容、實施方式及圖式to單說明) 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種溶劑更新方式連續萃取電纜除膠的方法，特 別是指一種串連加熱溶解、冷凝回收、及加熱濃縮三個程序爲一體， 藉蒸餾回收之溶劑反覆加溫淸洗，可將含油脂及防水膠之廢電纜完 全萃取除膠，達成溶劑回收、熱能回收、節約能源目的之溶劑更新 方式連續萃取電纜除膠的方法。 【先前技術】 習用廢電線、電纜之回收方法，請參考中華民國專利公告號 414731「含油脂廢電線、電纜之回收方法」（下稱引證案），該引證 案之操作溫度係於室溫，脫脂時間爲3分鐘以上，脫脂劑用於脫脂 過程之回用次數不得超過5次，且係採用之溶劑爲直鏈烷基類。本 發明與引證案比較，更具有下列之優越性： 引證案 本發明 萃取操作溫度 室溫。 溶劑沸點，處於臨界溫度，以 增加溶解性。 淸洗次數比較 單次。 多次，可設定。 淸洗溶劑比較 回用次數不超過5次 之溶劑 純淨溶劑，完全淸洗。 溶劑回收 溶劑無回收 溶劑完全回收 膠體回收 與溶劑混合，未考慮 回收 膠體濃縮分離，完全回收 溶劑二次公害 開放系統，對於二次 公害未提未考慮 封閉系統，溶劑蒸氣冷凝回收 是故，經由上述比較後，可知該該引證案的缺點是室溫淸洗、 溶劑沒有回收、開放系統易生溶劑揮發之二次公害、淸洗過之溶劑 續次頁（發明說明頁不敷使用時，請註記並使用續頁） 6 574079 發明說明續頁 重複回用不易洗淨、及淸洗出之油脂、膠體與與淸洗溶劑混合，造 成大量油污等。 由此可見，上述習用物品仍有諸多缺失，實非一良善之設計者’ 而亟待加以改良。 本案發明人鑑於上述習用溶劑室溫淸洗電纜除膠的方法所衍生的各 項缺點，乃亟思加以改良創新，並經多年苦心孤詣潛心硏究後，終 於成功硏發完成本件溶劑更新方式連續萃取電纜除膠的方法。 【內容】574079 发明 Description of the invention (The description of the invention should state: the technical field, prior art, content, embodiments and drawings of the invention to which the invention belongs) [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a solvent extraction method for continuous extraction of cables The method of removing glue, in particular, refers to a series of three processes: heating, dissolving, condensing and recovering, and heating and concentrating. The solvent recovered by distillation is repeatedly heated and washed, which can completely extract and remove waste cables containing grease and waterproof glue. Glue, a continuous solvent extraction method for solvent recovery, heat energy recovery, and energy saving. [Previous technology] For the recycling method of conventional waste wires and cables, please refer to the Republic of China Patent Bulletin No. 414731 "Recycling Method for Waste Wires and Cables Containing Grease" (hereinafter referred to as the "citation case"). The degreasing time is more than 3 minutes, and the number of times the degreasing agent is reused in the degreasing process cannot exceed 5 times, and the solvent used is a linear alkyl group. Compared with the citation case, the present invention has the following advantages: Citation case The extraction operation temperature is room temperature. The boiling point of the solvent is at a critical temperature to increase solubility. Rinse times are compared single. Can be set multiple times. Rinse solvent comparison Solvents that are not reused more than 5 times Pure solvent, completely rinsed. Solvent recovery solvent No recovery solvent Complete recovery of colloid recovery and solvent mixing, no consideration of colloid recovery and concentration separation, complete recovery of solvent secondary pollution open system, no consideration of closed system for secondary pollution, solvent vapor condensation recovery After comparison, it can be seen that the disadvantages of this cited case are room temperature washing, no solvent recovery, open system is susceptible to secondary pollution caused by solvent volatilization, and the washed solvent continued page (when the invention description page is insufficient, please note And use continuation sheet) 6 574079 Description of the invention The continuation sheet is repeatedly reused, which is not easy to clean, and the grease, colloid that is washed out and mixed with the cleaning solvent, causing a lot of oil stains. It can be seen that there are still many shortcomings in the above-mentioned conventional articles, which are not a good designer 'and need to be improved. In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings derived from the conventional method of cleaning cables at room temperature with the conventional solvent, the inventor has been eager to improve and innovate. After years of painstaking research, he finally successfully completed the continuous extraction of the solvent update method. Method for removing glue from cables. 【content】
本發明之目的即在於提供一種淸洗時，係採溶劑加熱萃取的方 式，溫度增加，可增加膠體及油脂之溶解性，以提高分離效果之溶 劑更新方式連續萃取電纜除膠的方法。 本發明之次一目的係在於提供一種多次淸洗，每次淸洗步驟均 使用純淨溶劑，以達到完全淸洗目的之溶劑更新方式連續萃取電纜 除膠的方法。 本發明之另一目的係在於提供一種將溶劑蒸氣回收再利用，沒 有蒸氣二次公害之溶劑更新方式連續萃取電纜除膠的方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for continuously extracting cable degumming in a solvent renewal method in which the temperature is increased, the solubility of colloids and fats can be increased, and the separation effect is improved during decanting. A secondary object of the present invention is to provide a method for continuously extracting and removing glue from a cable by using a pure solvent in each washing step in a solvent refreshing manner to achieve the purpose of complete washing. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for continuously extracting cable degumming by using a solvent renewal method in which solvent vapor is recovered and reused without secondary pollution of vapor.
本發明之又一目的係在於提供一種將膠體、油脂完全回收，並 經濃縮處理去除溶劑後，可納入回收再利用系統之溶劑更新方式連 續萃取電纜除膠的方法。 可達成上述發明目的之溶劑更新方式連續萃取電纜除膠的方 法，主要係藉溶劑加溫，將廢充膠電纜所含之油脂或防水膠溶解移 除，並將含有溶出物之溶液蒸餾，達到溶劑純化回收及將萃取物濃 縮分離之目的；蒸餾純化後之溶劑重新注入萃取槽，達成多次萃取、 完全除膠。本發明串連加熱溶解、冷凝回收、及加熱濃縮三個程序 爲一體，達成溶劑回收、熱能回收、節約能源之目的。 【實施方式】 請參閱表一及表二所示，表一係爲含油脂或防水膠電纜線之組 □續次頁 (發明說明頁不敷使用時，請註記並使用續頁） 7 574079 成成份表；表二則爲含油脂或防水膠電纜線中之防水物質之組成成 份表（W/W% ); 樣品編號 廢充膠電纜Λ 廢充膠電纜Β 綁線、包捲標示等塑膠材 2.8 0.7 包捲紙 0 1.3 彩色ΡΕ絕緣 5.6 5.4 銅導體 42.3 52.0 油脂或防水膠 10.5 9.7 黑色ΡΕ外被 28.0 21.8 鋁帶 10.8 9.1 表一 廠牌 IR判定 MSDS資料 防水物質主成分 廢充膠電纜A 聚丁烯類 polybutene 70%, mineral oil 15%, polyethylene 14%, antioxidant 1% 聚丁烯、油脂 廢充膠電纜B 石油蠟類 base oil, petroleum derived, microcrystalline waxes, non hazardous polymers. 石油蠟、油脂 表二Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for continuously extracting the glue of a cable by recovering the colloid and grease completely and removing the solvent after concentration treatment, which can be incorporated into the solvent renewal system of the recovery and reuse system. The solvent renewal method that can achieve the purpose of the invention described above continuously extracts the cable and removes the glue. The method is mainly by heating the solvent, dissolving and removing the grease or waterproof glue contained in the waste rubber-filled cable, and distilling the solution containing the leachate to achieve The purpose of solvent purification and recovery and concentration and extraction of the extract; the solvent after distillation and purification is re-injected into the extraction tank to achieve multiple extractions and complete degumming. The invention integrates three processes of heating and dissolving, condensing and recovering, and heating and concentrating in one to achieve the goals of solvent recovery, heat energy recovery, and energy saving. [Embodiment] Please refer to Table 1 and Table 2. Table 1 is a group of cables containing grease or waterproof rubber. □ Continued on the page (if the description page of the invention is not enough, please note and use the continuation page) 7 574079% Composition list; Table 2 is the composition list of water-repellent substances in greased or water-resistant rubber cables (W / W%); Sample No. Waste-filled cable Λ Waste-filled cable B Bonding wire, wrapping label and other plastic materials 2.8 0.7 Wrapping paper 0 1.3 Color PE insulation 5.6 5.4 Copper conductor 42.3 52.0 Grease or waterproof adhesive 10.5 9.7 Black PE outer cover 28.0 21.8 Aluminum tape 10.8 9.1 Table 1 Brand IR judgement Polybutene 70%, mineral oil 15%, polyethylene 14%, antioxidant 1% Polybutene, grease waste filling cable B Petroleum wax base oil, petroleum derived, microcrystalline waxes, non hazardous polymers. Petroleum wax, grease table two
再請參閱圖一所示，本發明所提供之溶劑更新方式連續萃取電 纜除膠的方法之架構圖，其主包括有一淸洗槽1、一蒸發濃縮槽2、 一冷凝器3、一蒸氣管線4、一液體輸送管線5、一第一加熱器6、 一第二加熱器7、一攪拌器8;而其製作步驟爲： 步驟一：先將廢充膠電纜9裝置於多孔之網籃內，再置入淸洗 槽1中； |□續次頁（發明說明頁不敷使用時，請註記並使用續頁） 8 574079 [―」丄一 __續頁 步驟二：再將溶劑加入蒸發濃縮槽2並以第一加熱器6加熱至 沸騰，再將該揮發蒸氣經由蒸氣管線4導入冷凝器3中，使得蒸氣 管線4與淸洗槽1接觸並進行熱交換，以加熱淸洗槽1;該溶劑可爲 直鏈類烷基溶劑類； 步驟三：冷凝器3會將溶劑蒸氣冷凝，再將冷凝之溶劑引入淸 洗槽1中；Please refer to FIG. 1 again, a structural diagram of a method for continuously extracting a cable and removing glue provided by the solvent renewal method provided by the present invention. The method mainly includes a washing tank 1, an evaporation concentration tank 2, a condenser 3, and a steam line. 4. A liquid transfer line 5, a first heater 6, a second heater 7, and an agitator 8; and the manufacturing steps are as follows: Step 1: The waste rubber-filled cable 9 is first installed in a porous mesh basket , And then put it into the washing tank 1; | □ Continued page (if the description page of the invention is insufficient, please note and use the continued page) 8 574079 [― “丄 一 __ Continued page Step 2: Add solvent to evaporation The concentration tank 2 is heated to boiling with the first heater 6, and the volatile vapor is introduced into the condenser 3 through the vapor line 4, so that the vapor line 4 is in contact with the cleaning tank 1 and performs heat exchange to heat the cleaning tank 1 The solvent may be a linear alkyl solvent; Step 3: The condenser 3 will condense the solvent vapor, and then the condensed solvent is introduced into the rinsing tank 1;
步驟四：溶劑以液/固比爲2/l(V/W)比例淹沒廢充膠電纜9，淸 洗槽1經蒸氣管線4加熱，該脫脂溫度爲室溫以上至溶劑於沸點操 作爲最佳，並以第二加熱器7輔助控溫，再透過攪拌器8以20rpm 攪拌速度攪拌，以進行溶解膠體作業，且該淸洗時間以溶劑完全浸 沒電纜9計算3分鐘或3分鐘以上，淸洗後將含油脂或防水膠之溶 液經由液體輸送管線5排入蒸發濃縮槽2;若該蒸發濃縮槽2中油污 泥含量大於50%時即需更換，抽排至減壓濃縮裝置進行濃縮分離及 溶劑回收 步驟五：加熱蒸發濃縮槽2,溶出之膠體或油脂在蒸發濃縮槽2 中濃縮累積，溶劑蒸氣經蒸發、冷凝後重新加入淸洗槽1中，重複 使用；Step 4: The solvent floods the waste rubber-filled cable 9 with a liquid / solid ratio of 2 / l (V / W). The washing tank 1 is heated by the steam line 4. The degreasing temperature is above room temperature and the solvent is at its boiling point. The second heater 7 is used to assist in temperature control, and then stirred through the agitator 8 at a stirring speed of 20 rpm to perform the dissolving colloid operation, and the washing time is calculated by completely immersing the solvent in the cable 9 for 3 minutes or more. After washing, the solution containing grease or waterproof glue is discharged into the evaporative concentration tank 2 through the liquid transfer line 5. If the oil sludge content in the evaporative concentration tank 2 is greater than 50%, it needs to be replaced, and it is drained to a reduced pressure concentration device for concentration and separation. And solvent recovery step 5: heating the evaporation concentration tank 2, the dissolved colloid or fat is concentrated and accumulated in the evaporation concentration tank 2, the solvent vapor is evaporated and condensed, and then re-added to the decontamination tank 1, and reused;
步驟六：重複步驟二至步驟五，以達成溶劑更新、連續萃取之 操作；且該萃取出之油脂或防水膠經蒸餾濃縮可得純化物質，可供 再利用。 是以，本發明係藉由溶劑加溫，將廢充膠電纜9所含之油脂或 防水膠溶解移除，並將含有溶出物之溶液蒸餾，以達到溶劑純化回 收及將萃取物濃縮分離之目的。本發明串連加熱溶解、冷凝回收、 及加熱濃縮三個程序爲一體，達成溶劑回收、熱能回收、節約能源 之目的。其中，該熱能回收係爲利用溶液蒸餾之蒸汽管路加熱淸洗 槽。 再請參閱表三及表四所示，該表三係爲本發明所使用的萃取溶劑之成份及性 9 574079 質表；表四爲本發明萃取次數與油脂或防水膠萃取率之關係（W/W%) 〇 分子式 沸點 閃火點 n-hexane C6Hh 69〇C -22〇C 正己烷 n-heptane C7H16 98.4〇C -4°C 正庚烷 表三 萃取溶劑 n-heptane n-hexane 廢充膠電纜A 第一次萃取 97.4 96.3 第二次萃取 2.1 2.8 第三次萃取 0.5 0.9 廢充膠電纜B 第一次萃取 96.0 94.5 第二次萃取 2.9 4.5 第三次萃取 1.1 1.0Step 6: Repeat steps 2 to 5 to achieve the operations of solvent renewal and continuous extraction; and the extracted oil or water-proof glue can be purified by distillation and concentration to obtain purified materials for reuse. Therefore, the present invention dissolves and removes the grease or waterproof glue contained in the waste rubber-filled cable 9 by heating the solvent, and distills the solution containing the leachable substance to achieve purification and recovery of the solvent and concentration and separation of the extract. purpose. The invention integrates three processes of heating and dissolving, condensing and recovering, and heating and condensing in one to achieve the goals of solvent recovery, heat energy recovery, and energy saving. Among them, the thermal energy recovery is heating the washing tank by the steam pipeline of the solution distillation. Please refer to Tables 3 and 4, which are the components and properties of the extraction solvent used in the present invention. Table 5 is the relationship between the number of extractions of the present invention and the extraction rate of grease or waterproof glue (W / W%) 〇 Molecular formula Boiling point Flash point n-hexane C6Hh 69 ° C -22 ° C n-heptane C7H16 98.4 ° C -4 ° C n-heptane n-hexane waste solvent Cable A first extraction 97.4 96.3 Second extraction 2.1 2.8 Third extraction 0.5 0.9 Waste rubber cable B First extraction 96.0 94.5 Second extraction 2.9 4.5 Third extraction 1.1 1.0
表四 本發明所提供之溶劑更新方式連續萃取電纜除膠的方法’與其 H 他習用技術相互比較時，更具有下列之優點： 1. 本發明係串連加熱溶解、冷凝回收、及加熱濃縮三個程序爲 一體，以達成溶劑回收、熱能回收、節約能源之目的。 2. 本發明之特點是利用蒸發回收之純淨溶劑重複淸洗，並將淸 洗、萃取溫度增加，以提高分離效果。 3. 本發明另一特點是由溶劑加熱蒸餾程序達到溶劑純化回收及 -將萃取物濃縮分離之目的。 4. 本發明與其他習知之溶劑淸洗技術相互比較時，可大幅提高 淸洗效率，避免溶劑揮發造成二次污染，並可解決傳統溶劑淸洗後 [□續次頁（發明說明頁不敷使用時，請註記並使用續頁） 10 574079 ................ .................4 發明說明續頁 會造成大量之溶劑油污混雜物之困擾。 上列詳細說明係針對本發明之一可行實施例之具體說明，惟該 實施例並非用以限制本發明之專利範圍，凡未脫離本發明技藝精神 所爲之等效實施或變更，均應包含於本案之專利範圍中。 綜上所述，本案不但在技術思想上確屬創新，並能較習用物品增進 上述多項功效，應已充分符合新穎性及進步性之法定發明專利要 件，爰依法提出申請，懇請貴局核准本件發明專利申請案，以勵 發明，至感德便。Table 4 The method of solvent extraction for continuous extraction of the glue removal method provided by the present invention, when compared with other conventional techniques, has the following advantages: 1. The present invention is a series of heating and dissolving, condensation recovery, and heating and concentration. This program is integrated to achieve the purpose of solvent recovery, heat recovery and energy saving. 2. The present invention is characterized in that the pure solvent recovered by evaporation is repeatedly washed, and the washing and extraction temperatures are increased to improve the separation effect. 3. Another feature of the present invention is that the solvent heating and distillation process achieves the purposes of solvent purification and recovery and-concentration and separation of extracts. 4. When the present invention is compared with other known solvent washing techniques, the washing efficiency can be greatly improved, secondary pollution caused by solvent volatilization can be avoided, and the traditional solvent washing can be solved. When using, please note and use the continuation sheet) 10 574079. Will cause a lot of solvent oil contamination. The above detailed description is a specific description of a feasible embodiment of the present invention, but this embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the patent of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or change that does not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention should include Within the scope of the patent in this case. To sum up, this case is not only technically innovative, but also enhances the above-mentioned multiple effects over conventional items. It should have fully met the requirements for novel and progressive statutory invention patents, and filed an application in accordance with the law. We ask your office to approve this. Application for invention patents, to encourage invention, to the utmost.
【圖式簡單說明】 請參閱以下有關本發明一較佳實施例之詳細說明及其附圖， 將可進一步瞭解本發明之技術內容及其目的功效；有關該實施例之 附圖爲： 圖〜爲本發明溶劑更新方式連續萃取電纜除膠的方法之構造 圖。 【主要部分代表符號】[Brief description of the drawings] Please refer to the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further understand the technical content of the present invention and its purpose and effect; the drawings related to this embodiment are: It is a structural diagram of a method for continuously extracting a cable and removing glue in a solvent renewal mode of the present invention. [Main part representative symbols]
10 淸洗槽 11 蒸發濃縮槽 12 冷凝器 13 蒸氣管線 14 液體輸送管線 15 第一加熱器 16 第二加熱器 17 攪拌器 18 電纜 1110 Rinse tank 11 Evaporation and concentration tank 12 Condenser 13 Vapor line 14 Liquid delivery line 15 First heater 16 Second heater 17 Agitator 18 Cable 11