572838 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 :發明係為一種具可回饋能量.之電動裁具非接觸式輔 =車裝置，尤指一種以非接觸式的能量轉換原理，將電 減速之同時’能有效利用系統多餘的動能，將盆 轉換為電月巨，進而產生一逆向電流至電瓶，達到充電 速的辅助煞車裝置。 減 【先前技術】 目前市面上之電動載具（如電 殘障代步車或高爾夫電^為車、 曰-u ) …、半機構可分為兩大類， 即械械磨擦式（如碟片煞車 、 煞車或再生切· 实員為電阻式煞車，如動態 …、車0無論是機械磨擦式或電阻式煞車，其 夕餘之動能最終都將以埶^ ^ ’、 ^ # , n ni ^ , 、肊自耗掉此舉不但造成能源之 浪費同時增加維修成本。 目别電動載具因利用雪士 一俨佶用★電力作為驅動之動力源，相較於 然偏低，其中最大問題乃是::力T，"#f及率仍 上雷動直A BP 乃疋β航力較一般汽油車短，又加 上電動車又限於電瓶電 八馬力亦較一般機器車小，因 此如何減少電瓶電量的損旄，Β 〇 g + 關鍵。 里的抽耗，疋延長電動載具蓄航力的 【發明内容】 續航:，並^明主要目的係為提高電動車之動力性能及 煞車動作原nm 甲。月人心及目别電動車的 車相同’係利用摩擦方式達到減速的 572838 功月匕’由於市區用 < 交通工具加減速動作頻繁，此舉限制 了電動載具的蓄航力，造成能量的損耗。 机達上述目的所使用之主要技術手段，令本發明主要 包含以下之單元： 、 煞車命令器，係檢測使用者減速或煞車控制動作， 並依動作粒度大小輸出對應的電氣信號，·#即，該煞車命 令器可設置於電動载具之握把或踏板位置，令操作：以： 用的手動或腳動煞車方式控制之，該煞車命令器係可利用 位移/電氣轉換器（如電位器，f爾轉換器），將使用者 1下達煞車或減速命令的程度數值轉換為對應數值的電氣 4吕5虎， 、 速命令或減速命令，二、二作者下達之加 ^ 並依不同命令控制功率晶體之作動； -升壓’驅動電路’係由 容構成，盔須外A — ^ ^賤汉属波電 斗陳沾…、、卜之儲能電感或變壓器等裝置，即可達到 升昼的功能，製作成本相當低廉； P了達到 上述之煞車命合哭γ ^ 可檢測到使用者作： = 於手握把或腳踏板位置’故 輸出—電氣"速的動作，此時’該煞車命令器會 …： 制電路，再由控制電路控制電動載且 馬達驅動電路，亦 W电軔戰… 功率曰@ # Ρ，以軟體之方式改變馬達驅動電路的 式；此時，電動機棋機模式轉變為發電機模 處於滑行運動中，β、、達立即斷電’因電動載具減速 達轉換A 0 φ 、電動載具所儲存之動能將帶動馬 運轉換為發電機模式 ^ 於其中旎1的移轉方式乃由馬達 572838 線圈所感應之反電動勢，透過數位控制電路依據轉子位置 改變功率晶體開關之導通時序及反向二極體所形成之回饋 ^閉迴路’如此，馬達線圈之反電動勢所產生電流輪入即 可回饋至電瓶，對其進行充電動作’由是可知，電動載且 配合本發明的輔助煞車襄置除可達到減速外，更可回收多、 2之動⑨轉換為電能，以有效延長電動载具之續航能力， =即’本發明以非接觸式的能量轉換原理有效利用系統多 :、的動此’將其轉換為電能，進而產生一逆向電流至電瓶 為種可達到充電及減速功能的輔助 機械式摩捧敏車，式π * + 得，4 皁或回生電阻煞車比較，本發明利用電磁 用f之特法’電動載具可同時達到能量回收及減速雙效 ’可有效提升電動載具之續航力及降低維修之 【貫施方式】 本發明係為一種因g主i θ 輔助煞車裝置，由各單：能量及減速之電動载具 ^ , 各早凡所組成之控制方塊圖請參閱第一 圖，詳細說明如下： 一煞車命令写f 1 π、 . 、 " )’係檢測使用者減速或煞車控 其’並依動作程度大小輸出對應的電氣信號；本發明 及操作者原有之騎乘習慣等考量，該煞 電動載具的握把式及聊踏式機械控速機構 及鋼索再配合一位敘/ +友_ Μ , 電乳轉換裝置（如電位器，霍爾轉 換器# )構成，亦g572838 发明 Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs]: The invention is a non-contact auxiliary vehicle device for electric cutting tools with regenerative energy, especially a non-contact energy conversion principle that decelerates electricity. At the same time, it can effectively use the excess kinetic energy of the system, convert the basin into electric moon giant, and then generate a reverse current to the battery to reach the auxiliary braking device of the charging speed. Minus [previous technology] At present, electric vehicles on the market (such as electric disability scooters or golf electric cars, etc.) are divided into two categories, namely mechanical friction type (such as disc brakes, Brake or regeneration cut · The actual brake is resistance brake, such as dynamic ..., whether the car 0 is mechanical friction or resistance brake, the rest of the kinetic energy will eventually be 埶 ^ ^ ', ^ #, n ni ^,,肊 Self-consumption will not only cause waste of energy, but also increase maintenance costs. In view of the fact that electric vehicles use ★ electric power as the driving power source, it is relatively low, among which the biggest problems are: : Force T, "#f and the rate are still on the thunder and moving straight A BP is 疋 β has less power than ordinary gasoline cars, plus electric cars are limited to battery electric eight horsepower is also smaller than ordinary machine cars, so how to reduce battery power The loss of the battery is the key of β 〇 g +. The current consumption of the electric vehicle is prolonged. [Contents of the invention] Endurance: The main purpose is to improve the power performance of the electric vehicle and the braking action. .Yueren heart and eyes of electric cars are the same The 572838 Gongyue dagger, which achieves deceleration by friction, has frequent acceleration and deceleration actions in urban areas, which limits the storage capacity of electric vehicles and causes energy loss. The main technology used to achieve the above purpose Means, the present invention mainly includes the following units: The brake commander detects the user's deceleration or brake control action, and outputs a corresponding electrical signal according to the granularity of the action. That is, the brake commander can be set on an electric load. With the grip or pedal position, make the operation: controlled by: manual or foot brake mode, the brake commander can use the displacement / electric converter (such as potentiometer, fr converter), 1 The value of the degree of braking or deceleration command is converted to the corresponding value of the electric 4 Lu, 5 speed command or deceleration command, the two or two authors add ^ and control the operation of the power crystal according to different commands;-boost 'drive The circuit is composed of capacity, and the helmet must be outside A — ^ ^ The base is a wave electric bucket Chen Zhan, etc., the energy storage inductor or transformer, etc. Yes, the production cost is quite low; P achieves the above-mentioned brake life and cry ^ ^ can detect the user's action: = at the position of the handle or foot pedal 'so output-electrical' speed action, at this time 'should The brake commander will ...: the control circuit, and then the control circuit controls the electric load and the motor drive circuit, and also the electric war ... Power @@ Ρ, change the type of motor drive circuit by software; at this time, the motor chess machine The mode is changed to the generator mode is in coasting motion, β ,, and immediately cut off the power 'Because the electric vehicle decelerates to reach A 0 φ, the kinetic energy stored in the electric vehicle will drive the horse to the generator mode ^ In it The transfer method of 1 is the back electromotive force induced by the coil of the motor 572838. The digital control circuit changes the conduction timing of the power crystal switch and the feedback formed by the reverse diode according to the rotor position. The current generated by the electromotive force can be fed back to the battery to charge it, and it can be charged. 'It can be seen that the electric load and the auxiliary brake provided by the present invention can achieve deceleration, It can also recover more and more energy and convert it into electrical energy, so as to effectively extend the endurance of the electric vehicle, that is, the present invention uses the non-contact energy conversion principle to effectively use the system more than: Electric energy, which in turn generates a reverse current to the battery. It is an auxiliary mechanical motorcycle that can achieve charging and deceleration functions. The formula π * + is obtained. 4 Soap or regenerative resistance brakes are compared. The present invention uses the special method of electromagnetic f The electric vehicle can achieve the dual effect of energy recovery and deceleration at the same time, which can effectively improve the endurance of the electric vehicle and reduce the maintenance. [The implementation method] The present invention is an auxiliary braking device due to g main i θ. Deceleration electric vehicle ^, Please refer to the first figure for the control block diagram of each early fan. The detailed description is as follows: A brake command writes f 1 π,., &Quot;) 'Detecting the user's deceleration or braking control' And output corresponding electric signals according to the degree of action; the present invention and the operator's original riding habits, and other considerations; Syria / [mu] + _ Friends, milk power switching means (e.g., potentiometer, Hall # converter), and also g
Air ^ ^ ^ 呆作者控制機械控速機構進行減速 或煞車命令會透過再 鮮署脾人人 ㈣宗傳遞至電位器，由位移/電氣轉 換扃置將中令程度轉換 、為電瑕1 ^唬，由於位移/電氣轉換 572838 裝所產生之電氣信號與鋼索所產生之位移成正比，故電氣 信號進一步與一 A/D類比數位轉換器（圖中未示）連接， 將輸出的電氣信號數位化； 、一控制電路（2 0 )，係由一數位控制器負責接收前 述該煞車命令器（：L 〇 )輸出的數位化電氣信號，並配合 馬達（5 0 )回授之轉速數值、轉子位置數值及電瓶電壓 數值，計算出馬達驅動電路的功率晶體導通時序，達到控 制回充之電壓及減速急緩之功能； 一升壓/驅動電路（3〇)，係為電動載具中馬達（ y 〇 )驅動電路的功率開闢，僅配合恰當的切換邏輯，即 可達到升壓的目的，過程中不須任何額外的鐵錢功率元 件丄亦即，-般升壓祕（6 0 )的充電技巧，係利用如 ^二圖之升壓截波器原理，以提升馬彡（5 ◦)之發電電 壓V!，待升高到比電池電壓V〇還高時，即可進行充電； 但由於電動載具之馬達（5 Q )作發電機使料，由於馬 達（5 0 )運轉條件變化甚A，馬達反電動勢也隨之變化 如要以升壓之觀點來充電，需考量當時馬達所發之電壓 :小、升壓截波器的操作模式，#決定功率開關的工作週 旦’並切換開關晶體Q工來達到所要求之充電電壓，盆考 里點相當複雜，且須要額外的鐵心及功率元件。 壯，…，成明本發明如何令電動載具於減速或煞 :下，進行能量的轉移，由於馬達線圈（視為電感元 能，：，當有電流,流通於其上 利用此一特性，可簡化充電方式，請 7 572838 圖、第五圖所示，進一步說明充電時功率開關動作情形與 能量充放關係： 當進行電瓶充電時每次只有下臂的-個功率開關（以 功率晶體Q6為例）進行切換動作，其餘五個則為截止狀態 ，誠如第四圖所示’當功率晶體導通Q6時，反電動勢電壓 產生的電流經由功率晶體、飛輪二極體及馬達線圈（即電 感）形成一回路，此時反電動勢所產生之能量儲能於電感 上，使得電感成為一電流源;爾後，如第五圖所示，當功 率晶體Q6截止時，電流由電感釋放細 構成另-封閉回路，此時因電：:- Ί、電航而 电λΛ马一電流源，電减上之 流會隨著此封閉回路釋放出去，將能量儲存於電瓶之上。 由上述說明可知，此種方法進行充電僅需考量電Air ^ ^ ^ The dull author controls the mechanical speed control mechanism to decelerate or brake the command. It will be transmitted to the potentiometer through the spleen and spleen, and the displacement / electrical conversion setting will convert the degree of command to electrical defects. 1 ^ Since the electrical signal generated by the displacement / electrical conversion 572838 device is proportional to the displacement generated by the cable, the electrical signal is further connected to an A / D analog digital converter (not shown) to digitize the output electrical signal ; A control circuit (20), a digital controller is responsible for receiving the digital electrical signals output by the brake commander (: L 〇), and cooperate with the rotation speed value and rotor position feedback from the motor (50) The value and the battery voltage value are used to calculate the power crystal conduction sequence of the motor drive circuit to achieve the functions of controlling the recharge voltage and the rapid deceleration; a boost / drive circuit (30), which is a motor in an electric vehicle (y 〇) The power development of the driving circuit can be achieved only by cooperating with the appropriate switching logic. No extra iron power components are needed in the process. The charging technique of 60) is to use the principle of the booster chopper as shown in Figure 2 to increase the voltage V! Of the horse (5 ◦). When it rises to be higher than the battery voltage V0, you can Charging; however, because the motor (5 Q) of the electric vehicle is used as the generator, and because the operating condition of the motor (50) changes by A, the motor's back electromotive force also changes accordingly. To charge from the viewpoint of boost, you need to Considering the voltage generated by the motor at that time: small, operating mode of the step-up chopper, #determines the working of the power switch and switches the Q crystal of the switch to achieve the required charging voltage. The pot test point is quite complicated, and Requires additional cores and power components. Zhuang, ..., Mingming how the present invention makes the electric vehicle decelerate or brake, the energy transfer, due to the motor coil (considered as the inductive energy ,: when there is a current, the use of this characteristic, The charging method can be simplified. Please refer to the figure 7 572838 and the fifth figure to further explain the relationship between the power switch operation and the energy charging and discharging during charging: When the battery is charged, there is only one power switch on the lower arm (with power crystal Q6) For example) perform the switching action, and the remaining five are in the off state. As shown in the fourth figure, when the power crystal is turned on Q6, the current generated by the back-EMF voltage passes through the power crystal, the flywheel diode, and the motor coil (that is, the inductance ) A loop is formed. At this time, the energy generated by the back-EMF is stored in the inductor, making the inductor a current source. Then, as shown in the fifth figure, when the power crystal Q6 is turned off, the current is released by the inductor to form another- Closed loop, at this time due to electricity:-Ί, electric aviation and electric current λΛ horse a current source, the electric current will be released with this closed loop, and the energy will be stored on the battery. DESCRIPTION understood, this method is only to consider the electric charge
小的控制，而電流大小控制又 LSmall control, and the current control is L
有關，因此，只需考量功率曰二體的切換工作週期 ^ 、 羊日日體的切換工作週期便可H 兀成充電需求；由於本方法係控制去 工 充的目的，故不需去考量雷斤 ,L 以達到能量回 乂个而云亏里電壓問題，亦 流過大對電瓶所造成之影響。 充電時電 請再參閱第六圖A所示，， _形，為各相…二…動勢 B為馬達驅動電路的示意圖，由於考量能量==第六圖 效益’係以線電星最大值來進行回充控制，由第：：最大 二因各相電壓差12。度電氣角，故每 二：可 電壓最大值，分別與另外兩相電軋角有-，又每次僅切換下臂之一相的“度電氣角之最大線電麗 相的功率晶體，故可排列出如第 572838 六圖A所示之切換時序。 電機：=述:|本發明技術係利用電電機可作為馬達及發 動載具滑行時所產生之反電動勢為輸 馬達中各相繞組為儲能電感 轉變為發電機之功能，產* W ώ 4由電動機 . ^At 產生—反向電流，而能有效將動能 轉換為“巧妙地延長電動载具的續航力，又，本 效利用功率晶體^ ^ 的切換特性，在不改變原有的驅動電路架 構下，達到升壓回充之功能，成本很低，可確實有效改： 電動車、電動機車.、電動腳踏車、殘障代步車及高爾夫球 車等電動載具之續航力，為—相#實用的發明。 為此，本發明確實具有產業利用性，並符合發明新賴 性及進步性要件，爰依法具文提出申請。 【圖式簡單說明】 (一）圖式部分， 第一圖·升壓回充系統方塊圖。 第二圖：本發明煞車命令器設置於一電動機車的位置 示意圖。 第二圖.係習用升壓截波器示意圖。 第四圖·功率晶體06導通時之充放狀態。 弟五圖·功率晶體么截止時之充放狀態。 第六圖A :充電之開關晶體時序。 (2 0 )控制電路 第六圖B :係電動載具中馬達驅動電路的示意圖。 (二）元件代表符號 (1 0 )煞車命令器 572838 (3 Ο )升壓/驅動電路 （4 0 )電瓶 (50)馬達 （60)升壓電路Relevant, therefore, it is only necessary to consider the switching duty cycle of the two-body power ^ and the switching duty cycle of the sheep-day solar body to complete the charging demand; since this method is for the purpose of controlling the work charge, there is no need to consider lightning. Jin, L to achieve energy recovery and cloud voltage problems, also caused by the large impact on the battery. When charging, please refer to Figure 6A again. The _ shape is for each phase ... 2 ... Momentum B is a schematic diagram of the motor drive circuit. As the energy is considered == 6th figure, the benefit is based on the maximum value of the wire star. Come to carry out the recharge control, from the first: the maximum two due to the phase voltage difference of 12. Degree electrical angle, so every two: the maximum voltage can be-respectively with the other two phases of the rolling angle-and each time only switch one phase of the lower arm "degree of the electrical angle of the largest electric phase power crystal, so The switching sequence can be arranged as shown in Figure 572838 6 Figure A. Motor: = Description: | The technology of the present invention uses an electric motor as a motor and the back electromotive force generated when the vehicle is coasting. The energy storage inductor is transformed into the function of a generator, which produces * W ＊ 4 is generated by the motor. ^ At produces-reverse current, which can effectively convert kinetic energy into "smartly extend the endurance of electric vehicles, and this effect uses power crystals ^ ^ Switching characteristics, without changing the original drive circuit architecture, to achieve the function of boost and recharge, the cost is very low, can be effectively modified: electric vehicles, electric vehicles, electric bicycles, disabled scooters and golf The endurance of electric vehicles such as cars is a practical invention. For this reason, the present invention does have industrial applicability, and meets the new and progressive requirements of the invention, and applies according to the law and documents. [Schematic description] (1) Schematic part, the first diagram · Block diagram of the boost recharge system. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the position of the brake commander of the present invention on an electric vehicle. The second figure is a schematic diagram of a conventional booster chopper. The fourth figure is the state of charge and discharge when the power crystal 06 is turned on. Brother Wutu · Power state when power crystal is turned off. Figure A: Timing of the switching crystal for charging. (20) Control circuit Figure 6B: Schematic diagram of the motor drive circuit in the electric vehicle. (2) Symbols for components (1 0) Brake commander 572838 (3 0) Boost / drive circuit (4 0) Battery (50) Motor (60) Boost circuit