TW568752B - Method of pest control for plants, and material for use - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of pest control for plants comprises providing a biodegradable substrate; adding at least an active material capable of inhibiting the growth of pests or killing pests into the substrate; and laying the substrate on a cultivation medium for plants.

Description

568752 _ Case No. 88122453 > July // Year Amendment _ V. Description of the invention (1) This case is about a method for controlling harmful organisms for plants, and it is especially applicable to a method for controlling the damage of Fushou snail in rice. At present, in the process of pest management in agricultural production, problems of pests and weeds are often encountered. In particular, after the snail was improperly introduced into Taiwan, it had a great impact on the balance of the ecological environment and its fertility was very strong. The whole seedlings will be eaten up at the initial stage of cutting damage, causing serious loss of rice production. At present all rely on the chemical agent triphenyltin acetate for prevention and control, but due to the heavy metal pollution of this agent, the soil will soon be completely banned, so it is urgent to find other alternative prevention and control methods. In addition, many of the materials currently used in agricultural production are plastic products. Because of their advantages such as easy use and low price, they are widely used, but their biggest disadvantage is the concept of sustainable agricultural management. In order to not be able to decompose naturally, problems such as recycling and waste disposal arise, and the severity of environmental accumulation and pollution is foreseeable. Therefore, research and development of another alternative to replace these agricultural materials is a forward-looking goal in terms of economic efficiency and environmental protection. If it can be combined with disease control functions, it is worthy of further research. This will not only increase the willingness of farmers to choose to use it, but also improve the impact of pesticides on environmental pollution and help sustainable agriculture management. For this reason, in view of the lack of known technology, the present invention has been carefully tested and researched, and has persevered in a spirit of perseverance, and finally created the case "Methods and Materials for Plant Pest Control". The following is a brief description of the case. The main purpose of this case is to provide a plant control pest

Page 4 568752 ----- Case No. 8812 ^ 53 Year / Month // Day Amendment 5. Method of Invention (2), the steps include providing a substrate that can be naturally decomposed and at least one kind of inhibiting the growth of harmful organisms Or an active substance that kills pests is added to the naturally decomposable substrate, and the substrate is laid on cultivated plants ^ planting materials. Another purpose of this case is to provide a method for controlling the hazards of snails of snails for crops. The steps include adding a snail killer to a substrate that can be decomposed from I, and lay the substrate containing the snail killer on the substrate. Cultivation farming ^ Second planting material. According to the idea of this case, the snail killer is sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The dodecyl sulfate is sprayed or used with carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt.

carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt) is evenly spread on the naturally decomposable substrate, and placed at room temperature " air 1 dry 1 and two, added to β Hai can naturally resolve the substrate . The sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in an amount of more than 100 ppm, preferably between 500 and 1000 ppm. In addition, the snail rescue agent can be coated with a coating agent and then added to the naturally decomposable material to extend the release time of the snail killer on the planting material and avoid rapid decomposition. The coating agent may be a polymer. Paper Hiromoto ΐ i Ϊ t conceived, in which the naturally decomposable substrate can be acoustic. Straight thickness ^ 11 Thin film made of naturally decomposable polymer

: 之 基 Κΐί is between 0.2 and 0.3 mm. It can be divided into lengths. It has a light-blocking property, so it can prevent the weeds at the same time. This case is another purpose. The purpose of Fushou snail can be divided naturally by providing a substrate suitable for crop control, which contains a snail killer.

568752 Case No. 88122453

Amendment 5. Description of the invention (3) to achieve a deeper understanding of Fushou snail. The substrate is spread on the planting material of cultivated rice to prevent the effect. This case can be explained by the following detailed explanation. This case provides a step for the plant method including providing a substrate which can naturally produce harmful organisms to grow or kill harmful natural decomposition, and puts on the substrate. Wherein, the naturally decomposable polymer substrate which is naturally decomposable has a light-blocking property, and the method of treating harmful organisms is long. The substrate decomposed by the method includes at least one biologically inhibiting active substance. The substrate of the planting material which can be laid on the cultivated plant is preferably a paper mat, a non-woven fabric, or a manufactured thin layer. Because it ’s natural ’so weeds can be prevented at the same time

The concept and characteristics of this case will be further explained in detail by taking a kind of anti-grass paper mat and adding SDS (sodium dodecyi sulfate ’SDS) to prevent rice fields from being damaged by snails.

SDS has a lethal effect on the young snails, adult snails and seals of Fushou snail, and has the control effect. Adding SDS to the paper sheet can prevent and cure Fushou snails without causing soil pollution. The method of adding SDS to the paper sheet is to add 25 gram of SD ^ 20 gram of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC) in 1 liter of water and mix uniformly to prepare a gel. SDS aqueous solution, using a paint brush = uniform, wipe on the cut paper mat, and then air-dry at room temperature to complete. Approximately 40 milliliters are required for $ square meters, so that every square centimeter contains 0.01 g of SDS. If the paddy field is flooded with 5 centimeters, the SDS concentration is 2000 ppm. Using CMC as an adhesive, the SDS can be evenly attached to the paper.

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Ji ： 正 I 号 88122453_ & ^ year / month, / fifth, invention description (4) ^^^ After water, because CMC is water-soluble, SD can also be directly added to the paper sheet by spraying during dissolution. Above. '. Of course, after understanding how to add SDS to the paper sheet, we will go to Tianjin and field trials. Perform laboratory tests and prepare SDS solutions of different concentrations for later use. Draw Yongyou into a circular cardboard with a diameter of 9 cm. Take 2mm% of the bean paste paper recommendation solution, drop it on the circular cardboard, absorb the circular cardboard, and place it in $ SDS solution for drying. , Field and add water to the water content of the field force: () A knife of glass-breaking petri dishes, 50 grams per dish, take the straight iji cardboard, lay it flat on the soil, add 10 ml of water, and put 'dried snails in each dish , Observe at room temperature. 10 Fu round cardboard without SDS treatment was used as a control group. Reverse field test ^ _ After the paddy field is prepared, the square test with side length n meters is divided into 16 plots, the side length of each plot is 丨 · 5 meters, and each interval ° σ eight middle, protected rows. The following treatments were made separately: (丨) Paper sheet was added with SDS treatment: 500 ppm ppm SDS aqueous solution was sprayed evenly on the preparation sheet with a sprayer, 4,000 ml per square meter, placed in Air dry at room temperature for future use. In addition to paper, transplant 25 rice seedlings into the soil (a total of 5 plants), and cover the soil with SDS-added paper; (2) spray SDS directly. In the above-mentioned test plots, 25 seedlings (5 plants per bush) were transplanted, and 100 ppm of SDS aqueous solution was applied after transplanting, and each test plot was 50%.

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SS_8812245i 5. Description of the invention (5) ml; (3) snail killer treatment. Seedlings, a total of 25 clusters (in each cluster, the above-mentioned test plots are transplanted with rice snail agent (Nike snails) 70: 4, crystal : ^ After f was treated with Fushou snail as a control group, ^ / and ^ without applying SDS and snailicide to kill the herbicide (^ 逹 and 逹 n, 3 treatment group and control group grass control. Rice raw iui) _ ·, to investigate the fresh weight of rice and observe the survival of brown snails when mixed with granules. After the harvest, the rice field test area at the rice hybrid stage of Niigai is as follows: After the field is prepared, the length of the side is 13 m. The square is divided into 16 plots, and the length of the side of the mother plot is 2 m. Each plot is treated separately as follows: ··················································································································································． In each plot, there are 25 clusters (5 plants in each cluster). In the plot, the transplanted rice seedlings are cut to a size of 2x 0._, and cut on the paper mat with a blade to cover the planting hole cover. Paper recommendation was tiled in the above test; and rice seedlings were transplanted in Λ planting holes. Cong 5 strains), and applied the paddy field weed control herbicide tracer dragon (free-speed general),% mixed granules, 12 g per test plot for 5 days. Treat as θ =) above. Do not treat as control Group./ Observe the changes of paper mats during rice growth and control of weeds in each area. Investigate the fresh weight and ^^ of rice at harvest time.

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-^ 88122453 V. Description of the invention (6) and investigation of the fresh weight of the weeds in the inside The second-phase rice paddy field is divided into 16 rows. Cut the planting holes separately on paper mats to make the 25 clusters described in the experiment (in each of them, paddy field mixed granules were treated as paddy field test areas in the weed survey area of each area: the land preparation, area, F, and side length In the 1 1 m square test area, it is marked as: side length is 1 · 5 m, and the protection of im is left in each interval = treatment: 1 · lay a grass-proof paper sheet: cover the grass; X 1 · 5 m Size, and cut the reed rice with a blade on a paper mat, the plant spacing is 25 cm, when laying, the paper mat is flattened on the soil surface of the 1 community, and rice seedlings are transplanted in the planting holes, a total of 5 plants). 2 · Insecticide treatment: In the above-mentioned experimental plots, there were a total of 25 clumps of rice seedlings (5 per clump), and the weed control herbicides were removed 5 days after transplanting. 'Mother test plot 9 g. The above treatments were repeated 4 times each, with no control group. Observe the changes in the paper mat during the growth of rice, and control the situation. Investigate the fresh and dry weight of rice and the fresh weight of weeds at harvest. Free 1 ·! Test Jiguo — In the effect test of SDS solution on the control effect of grass-covered paper mats on Fushou snails, it can be seen that the increase in SDS concentration also increases the damage rate to Fushou snails. In the first test, when the SDS concentration was 2000 ppm, the injury rate to Fushou snails was 20%, as shown in Table 1.

568752 _Case No. 88122453 July of the Year " Riyoum__ V. Description of the Invention (7) Table 1. Prevention and treatment effect of anti-drug coated paper mat on SDS solution after treatment with SDS (golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck)) SDS solution concentration (ppm) Injury rate (%) 2 Mortality (%) 3 100 3.33 * 0.00 500 6.67 3.33 1000 23.33 10.00 2000 20.00 10.00 Control group distilled water 0.00 0.00 Untreated 0.00 〇.〇〇 No paper sheet 0.00 0.00 1 Blessing snail size: 3.28 ± 0.43 g per 2 injuries including inability to move, tighten, peel off or die 3 The data shown is the average mortality rate three days after processing * According to Duncan's multiple range test 5 p = 0.05 in the first In the second test, 'increasing the SDS concentration and testing with smaller F. snails', the fatality rate to F. snails reached 100. 00% (see Table 2). -1 Concentration of SDS solution (ppm) 2500 5000 7500 10000 Control group distilled water untreated paperless sheet injury rate 100.00 * 100.00 100.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 Fortune snail size: 0_82 ± 0 · 26 g / each 2 injuries cannot be moved , Tightening, skin drop or death3 The data shown are the average mortality rate three days after treatment * According to Duncan's multiple range test, ρ = 〇 · 〇5 mortality rate (%) 3 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

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5 In the field test, please refer to Table 3. The anti-covering paper mat pretreated with SDS solution was applied to the control effect of Fushou snail in the rice field. The density of F. snail was 158.5 ± 32 · Three, the density of Fushou snails in each area was investigated after the birth. The fusi density of the treatment area with snail killer was reduced to 1 9. The 3 had the best control effect. The density of F. snails decreased to 5 4 · 8 and 7 1 5 and the treatment effect was the second, while the density of F. snails in the control group was 5 9 · 5, which was the same as the density of F. snails. In the seedling survival test, There was no significant difference between the households (zones 100.0, 98.0, and 96.0%) treated with snail agent, grass-covered flat paper treated with SDS &, and sprayed with DSS solution, with the lowest in the Zhao group of 84.0%. In terms of rice yield, snail killer, ... grass-covered paper deer treated with SDS pre-treatment and sprayed with SDS solution were applied to the fresh rice weight (7 9 3_ 8, 738.8 and 744 · 8 g). And dry weight (6 5 6 · 8, 6 1 2 · 0 and 6 0 7 · 0 g) were not significantly different from fresh weight (6 2 8 · 5 g) and dry weight (5 1 1 · 0 g) was significantly different. Control effect of H anti-cover 1 paper 3 SDS / capacity solution to increase the number of Fushou snails in paddy field °! 5〇ld? U apPle STl Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck) by mulching paper coated with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SOS) in paddy field Seedling survival rate is 吝; old days, 1 (%) day 4.8b3 SDS-resistant grass-covered paper mats were sprayed directly with SDS solution 158.5 ± 32 · 3 71.5b Nike snail 19.3c control group 159.5a yield ( Grams g fresh weight dry weight 2.25 square meters / area, a total of 25 clusters of Nike snails (treatment snails) 70% WP. * According to Duncan's multiple range test, ρ = 0.05 98.0a 738.8a 612.0a 96.0a 744.8a 607.0a 100.0a 793.8a 656.8a 84.0b 628.5b 511.0b

Page 11 568752 j »_ Case No. 88122453 f July of last year (/ day amendments_) V. Description of the invention (9) Test results of weed control on grass-covered paper mats The first phase of rice paddy field test area: Please refer to Table 4 In the field weed control experiment in paddy fields using grass-covered paper mats, we applied herbicides and grass-covered paper mats, respectively, in fresh weight (1968.8 and 1970.0 g) and dry weight (1748.0 and 1 8 1). 0 · 5 g) without significant difference, compared with the fresh weight (14 0 2 · 5 g) and dry weight (12 15 · 5 g) of the control group; there is a significant difference; herbicides and grass-covering paper The fresh weight of weeds in the mat treatment area was 0.18 and 3.30 g, respectively, which was significantly different from the fresh weight of weeds in the control group 3 2 3. 2 5 g. Up to 99.9 and 99.0%. # Table 4. Weed control of rice field by mulching paper. Weed control yield (g) 1 2 Weed fresh Heavy weed control rate Fresh weight Dry weight (g) (%) 1 Anti-weed covered paper mat 1970.0a3 1810.5a 3.30a 99.0 Herbicide 4 1968.8a 1748.0a 0.18a 99.9 Control group 1402.5b 1215.5b 323.25b 0.00

Page 12 1 Weed control rate (%) is compared with the control group 2 4 square meters per zone 3 According to Duncan's multiple range test, p = 0.05 4

Bensulfuronmethyl + Pretilachlor 1.8% G · A 568752 _Case No. 88122453 ^ July // Day Amendment_ V. Description of the invention (10) Experimental area of the second stage rice paddy field: Please refer to Table 5 and use Grass-covered paper mats were used for weed control experiments in paddy fields, and were treated with herbicides and grass-covered paper mats, respectively, in fresh weight of rice paddy (8 4 6 · 8 and 8 9 9 · 0 g) and dried. Weight (7 3 4 · 0 and 7 7 1 · 0 g) were not significantly different from fresh weight (75 0.3 g) and dry weight (6 3 9 · 5 g) in the control group; The fresh weight of the weeds in the treatment area covered with the agent and the grass cover was 2 1.7.8 and 14.08 g, respectively, which was significantly different from the fresh weight of the control group 4 67. 9 g. The effect was 93.4% and 97.0% compared with the control group, respectively. ❹

Table 5 on page 13. Weed control effect of paddy field on paper weeds in paddy fields Table 5. Weed control of paddy field by mulching paper Processing Yield (Taiken 8) (g) 2 Fresh weight Dry weight Weeds fresh weight (g) Weed control rate (%) 1 Weed control paper sheet 899.0a 771.0a 14.08b 97.0 Herbicide 3 846.8a 734.0a 21.78b 95.4 Control group 750.3b 639.5b 467.9a 0.00 1 Weed control rate (%) is compared with the control Group comparison 2 2.25 square meters per zone 3 Bensulfuronmethyl + Pretilachlor 1.8% G · 568752 Amendment_Case No. 88122453 V. Description of the invention (11)

Based on the above results, it can be seen that the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) used in this case is an effective and highly applicable snail killer for Fushou snail, which seriously harms Taiwan rice, but it has not affected the growth of rice plants. See what adverse effects. It was also found during the experiment that, in addition to its snail killing effect, it also had a significant inhibitory effect on the hatching of Fushou snail eggs. In addition, SDS can be decomposed in nature, so there is no risk of residual poisons harming the ecological environment. The naturally decomposable substrate (such as paper mat) used in the present invention has the effect of controlling weeds and does not cause the problem of soil pollution. In addition, the present invention further uses SDS together with a naturally decomposable substrate, which can not only achieve the dual effects of preventing grass and snails, but also improve the impact of pesticides on environmental pollution and achieve economic benefits of saving time and labor and reducing costs. . Therefore, this case may be modified by anyone who is familiar with the art, but it is not inferior to those who want to protect the scope of the patent application.

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Claims (1)

5687 ^ 2—— Ρ ^ Γ / Λΐ / η VI. Shenqing Special Publications] ^ 1 · A substrate for plant control pests that can be naturally decomposed, at least one kind of inhibitor; there are 7 steps: Add active substances that provide dead pests to the Can be self-deficient = ~ ^ food or kill the substrate to be planted on the cultivation of the planting material II: the soil material 'and 2 · as described in the scope of the patent application of the first, above. Ganshan points 4, active substances that grow or kill harmful organisms are sulfuric acid ten to two = ^^ harmful (sodium dodecy 1 su1fate, SDS). % 3. The method as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the base material capable of being solved from iron is selected from the group consisting of paper mats, non-woven fabrics and decomposable polymers, and thin blades. One of the groups of layers. Knife ^ 4 A method for controlling the hazards of snails of snails for crops. The steps include adding a snail killer to a naturally decomposable substrate, and laying the snail killer-containing substrate on the planting material of cultivated crops. 5. The method according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the snail killer is sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). 6. The method according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the sodium dodecyl sulfate is added to the naturally decomposable substrate by spraying. 7. The method according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the sodium lauryl sulfate is uniformly mixed with an adhesive and then evenly spread on the naturally decomposable substrate, and air-dried at room temperature to Add on the naturally decomposable substrate. 8. The method according to item 7 in the scope of the patent application, wherein the adhesive is carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC). Page 16 568752 _ Case No. 88122453 July A 〖/ Day Amendment_ VI. Patent Application Range 9 · The method described in item 5 of the patent application range, wherein the amount of twelve sodium sulfate used is greater than 100 ppm . 1 0. The method as described in item 9 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate is between 500 and 1000 ppm. 1 1 · The method as described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the naturally decomposable substrate is selected from the group consisting of thin layers made of paper mats, non-woven fabrics and naturally decomposable high molecular polymers One of them. 1 2 · The method as described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the thickness of the naturally decomposable substrate is 0.2 to 0.3 mm. 1 3 · The method as described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the naturally decomposable substrate has a light blocking property, so it can prevent the growth of weeds at the same time. 1 4 · A naturally decomposable material suitable for crop prevention and control of snail snails, which contains a snail killer, which can be tiled on the planting material of cultivated rice to achieve the control effect on snails. 15 · The naturally decomposable substrate as described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, which is selected from the group consisting of thin layers made of paper mats, non-woven fabrics and naturally decomposable high molecular polymers One. 16 · The naturally decomposable substrate as described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, which has a light blocking property, can prevent the growth of weeds at the same time. 17 · The naturally decomposable substrate as described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, having a thickness of about 0.2 to 0.3 mm. Page 17