562897 五、發明說明（1) 發明之領域 本發明是關於一種內燃機之排氣淨化裝置，詳細地 是關於一種內燃機之排氣淨化裝置，其可使採用液體 燃料之內燃機器（往復式引擎，柴油引擎，迴轉式引擎） 之排出氣體中所含之大氣污染物質減少。 先前之技術說明 近年來，爲了使排出氣體中所含之種種大氣污染物 質，例如氮之氧化物”0\，^^0，>^02)，一氧化碳（(：0)， 碳氫化合物（HC)，微粒物質（PM)等之影響減少，在使 內燃機本體之燃燒效率提高之下，抑制大氣污染物質 之產生，而實施在排出系統中安裝觸媒等之種種對 策。 尤其，柴油引擎車之排放氣體中所含有之微粒物質 (PM)已成爲大氣污染之主要原因，變成主要的社會問 題之故，因而進行使用觸媒等將主要物質除去。 但是，先前的技術中，爲了使大氣污染物質之影響 減少的東西卻不一定具有充分的效果。 尤其，在使內燃機本體之燃燒效率提高之.下，對防 止污染物質產生之對策之前的內燃機本體而言，多量 的大氣污染物質排出，對該物質之對策不充分。 從而，本發明之目的在提供一種裝置，可使氮之氧 化物（NOx，NO, N02)，一氧化碳（C0)，碳氫化合物 (HC)，微粒物質（PM)等大氣污染物質之影響減少，尤 562897 五、發明說明（2) 其從對策前之內燃機本體所排出之大氣污染物質的減 少亦有充分之效果。 發明之扼要說明 本發明解決問題之手段如下。 第1，一種內燃機之排氣淨化裝置，其特徵爲具備 有：以第1階段之整流化及熱膨脹爲目的之第1 文氏管，以及在第1階段中使整流化後之排出氣體具 有消音效果之不整流裝置，以及以第2階段之整流化 及熱膨脹爲目的之第2文氏管裝置，以及引起熱變化 之第3文氏管裝置。 本發明之相關裝置在由多歧管，尾管，消音器等所 構成之排放氣體系統中，一方面安裝新的零件，一部 份之元件進行更換之後即可使用。 而且，設置有消音室者其消音能力具有與先前技術 之消音器同等能力之故，最好亦能更換消音器。 依照本發明之裝置，從內燃機排出之排放氣體熱源 在基本上可被使用，利用從內燃機排放之燃燒壓力或 氣體，由於排放氣體之二次燃燒，而可進行更完全之 •燃燒，因而不燃燒氣體之比率很少，可使微粒物質 (PM)減少。 而且，本發明相關裝置中可組合各種之觸媒過灑器， 例如可組合接觸還元法之固定式蜂巢狀金屬觸媒，或 者接觸除去法之固定式蜂巢狀陶瓷過濾器。 562897 五、發明說明（3) 而，容納本發明相關裝置用之外箱的形狀，除了正 方形體之外，可採用圓筒狀或橢圓形狀等之種種形狀， 而且，亦可採用觸媒淨化裝置，消音管，熱膨脹壓力 室等另外容納之二分割或三分割形狀。 依照本發明，利用加熱膨脹進行二次燃燒之時，可 進行更完全燃燒之故，可使氮之氧化物（NOx，NO， N02)，一氧化碳（C0)，碳氫化合物（HC)，微粒物質 (PM)等大氣污染物質之影響減少，尤其從對策前之內 燃機本體所排出之大氣污染物質的減少亦有充分之效 果。 圖面之簡單說明 第1圖爲本發明相關裝置之槪略圖。 發明之較佳實施例之詳細說明 下面將參照附圖說明本發明一個實施例。 本實施例之裝置，是在外箱1 〇中容納有：消音室 20，具有第1文氏管（venturi)22，其爲使第1階段之 整流化及熱膨脹爲目的之第1文氏管，其在第1階段 中使整流化後之排出氣體具有消音效果之不整流裝 置；整流室30，其具有中抽伸文氏管32做爲第2階 段之整流化及熱膨脹爲目的之第2文氏管裝置；以及 加熱膨脹室40，具有第2文氏管42及逆文氏管43而 做爲引起熱變化之第3文氏管裝置所構成，爲與消音 器進行更換之類型，在凸緣上使用螺栓（含U型螺栓） 562897 五、發明說明（4) 使二個接觸面進行安裝。 外箱1 0爲正方體狀，是在鐵之間夾入也碳纖維而 構成，設置有供給內燃機之排放氣體之排出管Π之取 入口 10a，以及處理後之排放氣體放出用之端管12之 取出口 10b。 而且，圖中13, 14, 15, 16, 17爲分隔各部用之分隔 板，使用砂纖維而具有遮熱效果之構成。 消音室20接續到排出管1 1，被設置成接續到圓筒 狀之不銹鋼製成衝壓板2 1，內部之入口側上設置有第 1文氏管22從入口側朝向相反側延伸，使通路變成狹 窄。 消音室20與加熱膨脹室40之間設置有彎曲成U字 狀之第1彎回管25。 整流室30被設置成由一個直管31與第1彎回管25 接續，內部之出口側上配置有縮嘴度比第1文氏管22 小之中抽伸文氏管3 2。 加熱膨脹室40在外側管4 1之內部，連續地設置有 從入口側朝向出口側延伸，第2文氏管42，逆文氏管 43，加壓加熱文氏管殻44。 第2文氏管42被形成爲其縮嘴度比第1文氏管22, 中抽伸文氏管32強，角度比較大，且文氏管比高。 加壓加熱文氏管殻44之前部上有整流板46，其後 側形成有4個淚滴形開口 45，整流板46安裝從中間 562897 五、發明說明（5) 部朝向後部之外側上。 在此處之淚滴形開口 4 5被形成爲，以流入加壓加 熱文氏管殻44之排放氣體全體爲100時可分配到35% 之程度。 加壓加熱文氏管殼44與外側管41使低溫膨脹室47 被形成。 圖中，48爲加壓加熱文氏管殼44之高壓加熱出口， 被形成爲比第2文氏管42之最狹窄部小。 而且，49爲外側管41之排放氣體合流口，爲取入 冷卻用大氣之排出口。 其次，將說明上述裝置之作用。 首先，通過從內燃機之排出氣體路徑之多歧管的排 出管11流入之不整流氣體，在消音室20內通過第1 文氏管22。 該第1文氏管22使排出壓力一度由於受到加壓之 附加，而使從多歧管傳送到排出管1 1之排出氣體進行 整流化。整流化之後的排出氣體在消音室20內膨脹。 膨脹後之排出氣體從衝壓板2 1之孔在外側流出而 變成不整流，產生緩慢流速之流動，流出於不銹鋼纖 維23，碳纖維24等而消音，再度從衝壓板21之孔進 入內部。 在整流室30中，從消音室20流出的不整流排出氣 體之流速降低。 562897 五、發明說明（6) 然後，流速降低之氣體由於整流室30之出口部分 的中抽伸文氏管32而被加壓，因而由於熱而產生第二 次膨脹。 即，進入整流室30之不整流氣體在整流用之直管 3 1之內部變成整流，而進入圓形中間擴大形之中抽伸 文氏管32而被加壓，流速因此被提高，由於熱而膨 脹。 整流室30之流出之排出氣體，在流入第2彎回管 33之後，進入加熱膨脹室40而被加壓，因而由於熱 而產生第三次膨脹。 該膨脹之後，由於通過第2文氏管42，逆文氏管 43，尤其是通過逆文氏管43,而開始整流產生流速上 升，而變成最大。 在此，第2文氏管42之最狹窄部形成爲比第1文 氏管22，中抽伸文氏管32小之故，排出氣體被加壓 到最大，因此，排出氣體變成被加熱到最大，膨脹到 最大。 通過此第2文氏管42之排出氣體變成二次燃燒程 度之高溫，使排出氣體內所含之不燃燒氣體減少。 此種高溫之排出氣體由於通過逆圓錐文氏管43，其 流速更可被加速。 然後，流速被加速之排出氣體保持原樣地在加壓加 熱文氏管殼44內進行之1次流的另外，有一部分變成 562897 五、發明說明（7) 2次流從水滴形開口 45流出而進入冷卻後之低溫膨脹 室47，因而流速產生很大的變化。 由於此流速產生之大變化，排出氣體由於消音室20, 整流室3 0，加熱膨脹室40中加壓及熱而反覆地進行 膨脹。 加熱膨脹室40中分開的1次流及2次流由於膨脹 而使氣體之體積變大，流動比一次流慢。 而且，2次流容易變成不整流，在出口之對向處所 安裝的整流板46而漸漸變成整流，而後排出。 在加熱膨脹室40加熱之排出氣體，在中途被分開 成1次流及2次流，在出口側被合流，2次流在與1次 流之流速合倂時被加速，從排出氣體合流口 49排出。 在此，從水滴形開口 45向外流出之排出氣體，與 進入加壓加熱文氏管殼44之內部的排出氣體，其壓力， 流速相差很大。 然後，由於與1次流之減速合倂之2次流被加速， 而發生吸引作用，其結果使內燃機之燃燒室內部的吸 氣能力提高。 吸氣能力提高時，不燃燒比降低，使引擎的基本 燃燒提高之故，因而可使氮之氧化物（N0x，N0，N02)， 一氧化碳（CO)，碳氫化合物（HC)，微粒物質（PM)等被 改善。 與排出氣體合流口 49連接之端管12的外周表面可 562897 五、發明說明（8) 由大 氣冷卻之故 ，使排出 氣體 可 被冷卻之後，向大 氣 排出 〇 如以上所述， 本實施例 1之裝 ί，由於文氏管之5 階 段活用，而對排出氣體加 壓及 熱 所反覆地進行膨脹 使排出氣體內所含的大氣 污染 物 質減少。 元件符號說明 10”· 外箱 10a·. •取入口 10b· ••取出口 11"· 排出管 12… 端管 13，14，15，16，17〜 分隔板 20"· 消音室 21… 衝壓板 22… 第1圓錐文氏管 23… 不銹鋼纖維 24"· 碳纖維蓆 25… 第1彎回管 30… 整流室 3 1"· 直管 32… 中抽伸文氏 管 33… 第2彎回管 4 0··· 加熱膨脹室 -10- 562897 五、發明說明（9) 4 1…外側管 42…第2圓錐文氏管 43…逆文氏管 44…加壓加熱文氏管殼 45…水滴形開口 46···整流板 47…低溫膨脹室 48…高壓加熱出口 49…排出氣體合流口 -11-562897 V. Description of the invention (1) Field of the invention The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine, and in particular to an exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine, which can be used for internal combustion engines (reciprocating engines, diesel fuel) using liquid fuel The air pollutants contained in the exhaust gas of engines, rotary engines) are reduced. The previous technical description In recent years, in order to make various air pollutants contained in the exhaust gas, such as nitrogen oxides "0 \, ^^ 0, > ^ 02), carbon monoxide ((: 0), hydrocarbons ( HC), particulate matter (PM), etc. reduce the impact, while improving the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine body, suppress the generation of atmospheric pollutants, and implement various measures to install catalysts in the exhaust system. In particular, diesel engine vehicles The particulate matter (PM) contained in the exhaust gas has become a major cause of air pollution and a major social problem. Therefore, the use of catalysts has been used to remove the main substance. However, in the prior art, in order to make air pollution What reduces the influence of substances does not necessarily have a sufficient effect. In particular, in order to improve the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine body, for the internal combustion engine body before the countermeasures to prevent the generation of pollutants, a large amount of air pollutants are discharged. The countermeasure of this substance is insufficient. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a device that can make nitrogen oxides (NOx, NO, N02), monooxygen Carbon (C0), hydrocarbons (HC), particulate matter (PM) and other air pollutants reduce the impact, especially 562897 V. Description of the invention (2) The reduction of air pollutants from the internal combustion engine body before the countermeasure is also reduced It has a sufficient effect. Brief description of the invention The means for solving the problem of the present invention are as follows. First, an exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine is characterized by having the first Venturi for the purpose of rectification and thermal expansion in the first stage. Tube, non-rectifying device that silences the rectified exhaust gas in the first stage, second venturi device for the purpose of rectifying and thermal expansion in the second stage, and third Venturi tube device. The related device of the present invention is used in an exhaust gas system composed of a manifold, a tail pipe, a muffler, etc. On the one hand, new parts are installed, and some components are replaced after use. It is better to replace the muffler if the muffler has the same ability as the muffler of the prior art. According to the device of the present invention, the The exhaust gas heat source can basically be used. The combustion pressure or gas emitted from the internal combustion engine can be used for more complete combustion due to the secondary combustion of the exhaust gas. Therefore, the ratio of non-combustion gas is very small. Particulate matter (PM) is reduced. In addition, various catalyst sprayers can be combined in the device of the present invention, for example, a fixed honeycomb metal catalyst that can be combined with the reduction method, or a fixed honeycomb ceramic filter that can be removed by the contact method. 562897 V. Description of the invention (3) Moreover, besides the shape of the box for accommodating the device related to the present invention, in addition to a square body, various shapes such as a cylindrical shape or an oval shape can be used, and a catalyst can also be used. Purification devices, mufflers, thermal expansion pressure chambers and other two- or three-segment shapes are accommodated. According to the present invention, in the case of secondary combustion using thermal expansion, more complete combustion can be performed, so that nitrogen oxides (NOx , NO, N02), carbon monoxide (C0), hydrocarbons (HC), particulate matter (PM) and other air pollutants reduce the impact, especially from before the countermeasure The internal combustion engine to reduce discharge of air pollutants also the body of full effect. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a related device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The device of this embodiment contains a silencing chamber 20 in the outer box 10, and has a first venturi 22, which is a first venturi for the purpose of rectifying and thermal expansion in the first stage. In the first stage, the non-rectifying device that makes the rectified exhaust gas have a sound-absorbing effect; the rectifying chamber 30 has a middle-extracted venturi 32 as a second venturi for the purpose of rectifying and thermal expansion in the second stage Tube device; and heating expansion chamber 40, which has a second venturi tube 42 and an inverse venturi tube 43 as a third venturi tube device that causes thermal changes, and is a type that is replaced with a muffler. Use bolts (including U-bolts) 562897 V. Description of the invention (4) Install two contact surfaces. The outer box 10 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is made of carbon fiber sandwiched between iron. It is provided with an inlet 10a for the exhaust pipe Π for exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, and an end pipe 12 for exhaust gas after treatment. Exit 10b. In addition, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 in the figure are partition plates for partitioning each part, and are made of sand fiber to have a heat shielding effect. The muffler chamber 20 is connected to the discharge pipe 11 and is connected to a cylindrical stainless steel stamping plate 21. The inner inlet side is provided with a first venturi tube 22 extending from the inlet side to the opposite side to make the passage It becomes narrow. A first bent return pipe 25 bent in a U-shape is provided between the silencing chamber 20 and the heating expansion chamber 40. The rectifying chamber 30 is arranged to be connected by a straight pipe 31 and the first bent return pipe 25, and an inner venting pipe 32 is arranged on the outlet side of the inner side and has a narrower neck than the first venturi pipe 22. Inside the outer tube 41, the heating expansion chamber 40 is continuously provided with a second venturi tube 42, an inverse venturi tube 43, and a pressure-heated venturi tube case 44 extending from the inlet side toward the outlet side. The second Venturi tube 42 is formed such that its necking degree is stronger than that of the first Venturi tube 22 and the middle ventilated venturi tube 32, the angle is relatively large, and the Venturi ratio is high. The pressure heating Venturi shell 44 has a rectifying plate 46 on the front part, and four teardrop-shaped openings 45 are formed on the rear side. The rectifying plate 46 is installed from the middle 562897. V. Description of the invention (5) The part faces the outer side of the rear part. Here, the teardrop-shaped opening 45 is formed so as to be distributed to approximately 35% when the exhaust gas flowing into the pressurized heating Venturi shell 44 is 100 in total. The Venturi shell 44 and the outer tube 41 are heated under pressure to form a low-temperature expansion chamber 47. In the figure, 48 is a high-pressure heating outlet of the pressure-heated Venturi shell 44, and is formed smaller than the narrowest part of the second Venturi tube 42. Further, 49 is a discharge gas confluence port of the outer pipe 41, and is a discharge port for taking in the cooling atmosphere. Next, the function of the above device will be explained. First, the non-rectified gas flowing in through the multi-manifold discharge pipe 11 of the exhaust gas path of the internal combustion engine passes through the first venturi pipe 22 in the silencing chamber 20. The first venturi tube 22 rectifies the exhaust gas transmitted from the multi-manifold to the exhaust pipe 11 due to the pressure of the exhaust gas being applied once. The rectified exhaust gas expands in the silencing chamber 20. The expanded exhaust gas flows out of the holes of the punching plate 21 and becomes unrectified, generating a flow with a slow flow velocity, flowing out of the stainless steel fibers 23, carbon fibers 24, etc. to silence the sound, and then entering the holes from the holes of the punching plate 21 again. In the rectifying chamber 30, the flow velocity of the non-rectified exhaust gas flowing out of the muffler chamber 20 decreases. 562897 V. Description of the invention (6) Then, the gas having a reduced flow rate is pressurized due to the middle-extracted venturi 32 of the outlet portion of the rectification chamber 30, and a second expansion occurs due to heat. That is, the non-rectified gas entering the rectifying chamber 30 becomes rectified inside the straight tube 31 for rectifying, and enters the circular middle expanded shape to be drawn by drawing the Venturi tube 32 to be pressurized, and the flow velocity is therefore increased. Swell. The exhaust gas flowing out of the rectification chamber 30 flows into the second bent return pipe 33, enters the heating expansion chamber 40, and is pressurized. Therefore, a third expansion occurs due to heat. After this expansion, the flow velocity rises due to the start of rectification by passing through the second Venturi tube 42, the inverse Venturi tube 43, especially the inverse Venturi tube 43, and it becomes the maximum. Here, because the narrowest part of the second venturi tube 42 is formed smaller than the first venturi tube 22 and the middle-extracted venturi tube 32, the exhaust gas is pressurized to the maximum, so the exhaust gas is heated to the maximum. And swell to the maximum. The exhaust gas passing through the second venturi tube 42 becomes a high temperature of the degree of secondary combustion, so that the non-combustible gas contained in the exhaust gas is reduced. Since such a high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the inverse-cone venturi 43, its flow rate can be accelerated. Then, the exhaust gas whose velocity has been accelerated is maintained in the primary flow in the pressure-heated Venturi tube 44 as it is, and a part of it becomes 562897. 5. Description of the invention (7) The secondary flow flows out from the drop-shaped opening 45. After entering the cooled low-temperature expansion chamber 47, the flow rate is greatly changed. Due to the large change in the flow velocity, the exhaust gas is repeatedly expanded due to the pressure and heat in the silencing chamber 20, the rectifying chamber 30, and the heating expansion chamber 40. The separated primary flow and secondary flow in the heating expansion chamber 40 are expanded to increase the volume of the gas, and the flow is slower than the primary flow. In addition, the secondary flow easily becomes non-rectified, and the rectifying plate 46 installed at the place opposite to the outlet gradually becomes rectified and then discharged. The exhaust gas heated in the heating expansion chamber 40 is divided into a primary stream and a secondary stream in the middle, and is merged at the outlet side. The secondary stream is accelerated when the velocity of the primary stream is combined with the velocity of the primary stream. 49 discharged. Here, the pressure and velocity of the exhaust gas flowing out from the drop-shaped opening 45 and the exhaust gas entering the pressure-heated Venturi shell 44 are quite different. Then, the secondary flow, which is combined with the primary flow deceleration, is accelerated to cause a suction effect. As a result, the suction capability of the interior of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is improved. When the intake capacity is increased, the non-combustion ratio is reduced, which improves the basic combustion of the engine. Therefore, nitrogen oxides (N0x, N0, N02), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and particulate matter ( PM) and so on are improved. The outer peripheral surface of the end pipe 12 connected to the exhaust gas confluence port 49 may be 562897. V. Description of the invention (8) Because the exhaust gas can be cooled, the exhaust gas can be cooled and then exhausted to the atmosphere. As described above, this embodiment 1 As for the installation, because the Venturi tube is used in five stages, the exhaust gas is repeatedly expanded by the pressure and heat of the exhaust gas, so that the atmospheric pollutants contained in the exhaust gas are reduced. Description of component symbols 10 ”· Outer box 10a ·. • Inlet 10b · •• Outlet 11 " · Exhaust pipe 12 ... End pipe 13,14,15,16,17 ~ Separator 20 " · Muffler chamber 21 ... Stamping Plate 22 ... 1st conical Venturi tube 23 ... Stainless steel fiber 24 " · Carbon fiber mat 25 ... 1st bent return tube 30 ... Rectifying chamber 3 1 " · Straight tube 32 ... Extending venturi tube 33 ... 2nd bent return tube 4 0 ··· Heating expansion chamber -10- 562897 V. Description of the invention (9) 4 1 ... outer tube 42 ... second conical Venturi tube 43 ... inverse Venturi tube 44 ... pressure heating Venturi tube shell 45 ... drop shape Opening 46 ... rectifying plate 47 ... low temperature expansion chamber 48 ... high pressure heating outlet 49 ... exhaust gas confluent port-11-