562714 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1 ) 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種無縮孔、表面光滑無皺紋的銅或銅 合金錠的製造方法及裝置’尤其係關於一種無縮孔、表面 光滑無皺紋、且純度爲9 9 · 9 9 9 9重量％以上之高純 度銅銳的製造方法及裝置。 【習知技術】 一般來說，在製造銅或銅合金錠時係將熔解後所得的 銅或銅合金熔液鑄造成一般的模鑄體，或是轉造成連續鑄 造(continuous casting)模鑄體。 .【發明所欲解決之課題】 然而，鑄造成一般模鑄體所獲得的錠塊在錠塊的頭部 表面會形成很大的縮孔，此錠塊之縮孔若不加以切除，便 會導致產率大、幅降低。此外，利用連續鑄造鑄型製造銅或 銅合金熔液時，在錠塊表面會產生皴紋，有皺紋產生的錠 塊在加工前必須進行面削作業。錠塊之頭部表面的縮孔以 及錠塊表面的皺紋特別容易發生在純度爲9 9 · 9 9 9 9 重里％以上之局純度銅紅’因此必須提供一種沒有縮孔及 表面皺^的高純度銅錠的製造方法。 【解決課題之手段】 因此’本案發明者群在進行一項爲了製造工業用無縮 孔、表面光滑無皺紋、且純度爲9 9 · 9 9 9 9重量％以 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐y 裝 訂 . ·(請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -4- 562714 A7 B7 五、發明説明（2) 上之高純度銅錠的硏究時發現： (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) (a )將純度爲9 9 · 9 9 9 9重量％以上之尚純度 銅熔液注入一個在底部設置了冷卻底座，且模鑄體側壁受 到加熱而使其溫度具有從模鑄體底部越往上方溫度越高之 溫度梯度之模鑄體所獲得的錠塊，其內部組織會成爲單方 向凝固組織，而且沒有縮孔，且錠塊表面光滑而不會產生 皺紋； (b )前述模鑄體側壁上部的溫度最好保持在前述高 純度銅之熔點以下，而且比熔點低1 5 0 t的溫度範圍內 9 (C )此方法亦可用來製造其他銅或銅合金錠，該時 模鑄體側壁上部的溫度最好保持在前述高純度銅之熔點以 下’而且比熔點低1 5 0 t的溫度範圍內。 本發明係根據上述見解而硏創者，其係 (1 ) 一種無縮孔、表面光滑無皺紋的銅或銅合金錠 的製造方法，其特徵在於： 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 將銅或銅合金熔液注入一個模鑄體之側壁受到加熱而 具有從底部越往上方溫度越高之溫度梯度，且在底部設置 了冷卻底座的模鑄體。 . 前述（1 )記載之無縮孔、表面光滑無皺紋的銅或銅 合金錠的製造方法當中，前述模鑄體側壁上部的溫度最好 保持在銅或銅合金之熔點以下，而且比熔點低1 5 0。(3的 溫度範圍內。前述模鑄體側壁上部的溫度更好係保持在銅 或銅合金之熔點以下，而且比熔點低9 0 t的溫度範圍內 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -5- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 562714 A7 B7___ 五、發明説明（4) 壁所形成的溫度梯度，因此可形成單方向凝固組織5。在 模鑄體1的開口部設有蓋體7，且加熱爐2之空間以及模 鑄體1之內部係保持在惰性氣體環境下。 如前所述，加熱器3可使模鑄體形成從底部越往上部 溫度越高的溫度梯度，第1圖中，設置在加熱爐2之筒體 內部的加熱器3係由加熱體A至C所構成。加熱體A至C 可·進行加熱控制而成爲設置在加熱爐2之筒體上方之加熱 體程度的高溫。亦即，可將加熱體A控制成最高溫，將加 熱體C控制成最低溫，在將加熱體A至C之溫度分別設爲 T A、Τ Β·、T c時，即控制成T A > T B > T C，並且使模 鑄體側壁之溫度具有由下往上溫度越高的溫度梯度。設置 在加熱爐2的加熱體可藉由設置多數個而形成更流暢的溫 度梯度，因此加熱體之數量係設置越多個越好。如上述控 制供應電力而進行加熱，使加熱爐2之加熱器3的加熱體 A至C具有溫度梯度，然後拉起擋件1 3 ，將坩堝8內的 溶液1 2注入受到加熱而具有溫度梯度的模鑄體1時，注 入模鑄體1的熔液1 2係從模鑄體1下端往上端逐漸凝固 ，因而可獲得一種具有單方向凝固組織，而且無縮孔、表 面光滑無皺紋的銅或銅合金錠。根據本發明，並不需要進 行如習知連續鑄造法，一邊從加熱爐抽出模鑄體，一邊使 熔液由上往下凝固的操作，因此不會使熔液受到振動，且 可在澆鑄完成的狀態下獲得良好的單方向凝固組織，因此 可獲得一種無縮孔、表面光滑無皺紋的銅或銅合金錠。 注入模鑄體1的熔液1 2係利用第1圖所示之底注式 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21〇X297公釐） " ---------·裝------訂------ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 562714 A7 B7 五、發明説明（6 ) 之高純度銅錠的製造方法所用的裝置之剖面說明圖。 第2圖係利用本發明方法所製造的高純度銅錠之剖面 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 以及鑄件表面的組織照片。 第3圖係利用習知方法所製造的高純度銅錠之剖面以 及鑄件表面的組織照片。 【符號之說明】 1 模鑄體 2 加熱爐 3 加熱器 4 冷卻底座 5 單方向凝固組織 6 空洞 7 蓋體 8 坩堝 9 噴嘴 10 底注式熔解爐 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 11 管體 12 熔液 13 擋件 【發明之實施形態】 實施例1 使用第1圖所示之底注式熔解爐1 0，在露點爲- 5 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X297公釐） -9- 562714 A7 ______B7 五、發明説明（8) 另一方面，爲了進行比較，將利用實施例丨製作之進 行過脫氫處理，且溫·度爲1 2 5 0 °C的熔液，在氬氣環境 中鑄造成已加熱至9 0 0 °C之均一溫度的模鑄體，以製作 出高純度銅錠。將如上述所獲得的高純度銅錠之鑄件表面 的組織照片顯示於第3圖（a )，並且將此錠塊的剖面組 織照片顯示於第3圖（b )。如第3圖（a )及（b.)所 明示’可知在利用習知例1所製作之錠塊的內部有氣孔、 氣泡、縮孔，在錠塊的表面則有皺紋產生。 【發明之效果】 根據本發明，由於可製作一種無縮孔、表面光滑無雛 紋的銅或銅合金錠，因此可獲得無須進行錠塊頭部之縮孔 邰分的切斷以及除去皺紋的表面硏削作業等，而可省略製 造步驟以降低成本等的良好效果。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Μ規格（210X297公釐） -11 -562714 Printed by A7 B7, Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (1) [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a copper or copper alloy ingot with no shrinkage holes and a smooth surface without wrinkles The “device” particularly relates to a method and a device for manufacturing high-purity copper sharp with no shrinkage, a smooth surface and no wrinkles, and a purity of 99.99% by weight or more. [Conventional technology] Generally, in the manufacture of copper or copper alloy ingots, the molten copper or copper alloy melt is cast into a general die casting body, or it is converted into a continuous casting die casting body. . [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the ingot obtained by casting into a general mold body will form a large shrinkage hole on the head surface of the ingot. If the shrinkage hole of this ingot is not removed, it will As a result, the yield is large and the amplitude is reduced. In addition, when continuous casting molds are used to produce copper or copper alloy melts, corrugations are generated on the surface of the ingots, and ingots with wrinkles must be face-cut before processing. Shrinkage on the surface of the ingot head and wrinkles on the surface of the ingot are particularly likely to occur at a local purity copper red with a purity of 9 9 9 9 9 9% or more. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a high level without shrinkage and surface wrinkles ^ Manufacturing method of pure copper ingot. [Means for solving the problem] Therefore, the group of inventors of the present case is conducting a project to manufacture industrial products with no shrinkage, smooth surface and no wrinkles, and a purity of 9 9 · 9 9 9 9% by weight. CNS) A4 specification (210X 297mm y binding. · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -4- 562714 A7 B7 V. Discovery of the high purity copper ingot on the description of the invention (2) found : (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) (a) Inject a pure copper melt with a purity of 9 9 · 9 9 9 9% by weight or more into a cooling base at the bottom and the side wall of the molded body The ingot obtained by heating the mold body whose temperature gradient has a temperature gradient from the bottom to the upper part of the mold body, the internal structure will become a unidirectional solidification structure, and there is no shrinkage, and the surface of the ingot Smooth without wrinkles; (b) The temperature of the upper part of the side wall of the die-casting body is preferably kept below the melting point of the aforementioned high-purity copper, and it is within a temperature range of 150 ° C lower than the melting point. 9 (C) This method can also be used To make other copper or copper alloys Ingots, the temperature of the upper part of the side wall of the mold body is preferably kept below the melting point of the aforementioned high-purity copper and is within a temperature range of 150 ton lower than the melting point. The present invention is based on the above findings, and it is ( 1) A method for manufacturing a copper or copper alloy ingot with no shrinkage and a smooth surface without wrinkles, characterized in that: printed by a consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, injecting copper or copper alloy melt into a side wall of a mold body It is heated to have a temperature gradient from the bottom to the top, and a mold base with a cooling base is provided at the bottom. Manufacture of copper or copper alloy ingots without shrinkage holes and smooth and wrinkle-free surfaces as described in (1) above. In the method, it is preferable that the temperature of the upper part of the side wall of the foregoing mold body is kept below the melting point of copper or copper alloy, and is lower than the melting point by 150. (3 temperature range. The temperature of the upper part of the side wall of the foregoing mold body is better maintained. In the temperature range below the melting point of copper or copper alloy, and lower than the melting point by 90 t, the paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -5- Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives 562714 A7 B7___ 5. Description of the invention (4) The temperature gradient formed by the wall can form a unidirectional solidified structure 5. A cover 7 is provided in the opening of the mold body 1, and the space of the heating furnace 2 is provided. And the inside of the mold body 1 is kept under an inert gas environment. As mentioned above, the heater 3 can form a temperature gradient from the bottom to the upper part of the mold body. In the first figure, it is installed in a heating furnace The heater 3 inside the cylinder 2 is composed of the heaters A to C. The heaters A to C can perform heating control to become a high temperature as high as the heater provided above the cylinder of the heating furnace 2. That is, The heating body A can be controlled to the highest temperature, and the heating body C can be controlled to the lowest temperature. When the temperatures of the heating bodies A to C are set to TA, TB, Tc, respectively, it is controlled to TA > TB > TC, and the temperature of the sidewall of the mold body has a higher temperature gradient from bottom to top. Since a plurality of heating bodies provided in the heating furnace 2 can be formed to form a smoother temperature gradient, the number of heating bodies should be set as large as possible. Control the supply of electricity to perform heating as described above, so that the heating bodies A to C of the heater 3 of the heating furnace 2 have a temperature gradient, and then pull up the stopper 1 3 to inject the solution 12 in the crucible 8 into the heating to have a temperature gradient. In the case of the die casting body 1, the melt 12 injected into the die casting body 1 is gradually solidified from the lower end to the upper end of the die casting body 1, so that a copper having a unidirectional solidified structure, no shrinkage, and a smooth and wrinkle-free surface can be obtained. Or copper alloy ingots. According to the present invention, the conventional continuous casting method is not required to perform the operation of solidifying the melt from the top to the bottom while withdrawing the mold body from the heating furnace, so that the melt is not subject to vibration and can be completed during casting. A good unidirectional solidified structure is obtained in the state of copper, so a copper or copper alloy ingot with no shrinkage holes, a smooth surface and no wrinkles can be obtained. The melt 12 injected into the mold body 1 uses the bottom-injection type shown in Figure 1. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) " -------- -· Installation ------ Order ------ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 562714 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (6) Device used in the manufacturing method of high-purity copper ingots An illustration of a section. Figure 2 is a cross-section of a high-purity copper ingot manufactured by the method of the present invention (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) and a photo of the structure of the casting surface. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of a high-purity copper ingot manufactured by a conventional method and a photograph of the structure of a casting surface. [Explanation of Symbols] 1 Die-casting body 2 Heating furnace 3 Heater 4 Cooling base 5 Unidirectional solidified structure 6 Hollow 7 Cover 8 Crucible 9 Nozzle 10 Bottom injection melting furnace Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Employee Consumption Cooperative printed 11 tubes Body 12 Melt 13 Stopper [Embodiment of the invention] Example 1 The bottom-injection melting furnace 10 shown in Fig. 1 is used, and the dew point is-5 The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X297 mm) -9- 562714 A7 ______B7 V. Description of the invention (8) On the other hand, for comparison, the dehydrogenation treatment made in Example 丨 will be used, and the temperature and temperature are 1 2 5 0 ° C. The molten metal is cast into a mold body heated to a uniform temperature of 900 ° C in an argon atmosphere to produce a high-purity copper ingot. The micrograph of the surface of the casting of the high-purity copper ingot obtained as described above is shown in FIG. 3 (a), and the cross-sectional structure photograph of this ingot is shown in FIG. 3 (b). As shown in (a) and (b.) Of FIG. 3, it can be seen that there are pores, bubbles, and shrinkage holes in the ingot produced by the conventional example 1, and wrinkles are generated on the surface of the ingot. [Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, since a copper or copper alloy ingot with no shrinkage holes, a smooth surface and no embossing can be produced, it is possible to obtain a cut without shrinkage holes at the head of the ingot and to remove wrinkles The surface cutting work and the like, and the manufacturing steps can be omitted to reduce the cost and the like. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) standard M (210X297 mm) -11-