561083 五、發明說明（1) 本發明係有關於一種粉末冶金製 方法，係指-種利用離心力加迷二式溶，旨 、有效除去黏著劑、節省設備和能 :：：月曰時間 末冶金製程之脫脂方法者。以成本’適合應用於粉 當兒來叙末冶金製私中為了使粉末容易成型生胚 韦添加黏結劑做為成型助劑， 胚 劑=劑等，其與粉末 脫脂以除去ΙίΓ等方式製成生胚，再將生胚置入爐内 性，型具一般塑料射出成型特 尺寸收縮均的生產高複雜形狀之產品， (Near Net Sh，2較佳的微觀結構，射出工件近乎完寸 的加工，可省或完寸（Net Shape)，所以不須要太多 成型助劑高達30二 大量節省成本。而其所使用的 出現，因此生#V〇 。以上，缺陷容易在黏結劑去除過程中 或添加=論：評斷生胚成型法、燒結、粉末材質 出另一作法。 ，特別針對一般的脫脂處理製程問題提 兩種方^現仃較為f遍的脫脂處理有溶劑脫脂與熱脫脂此 其中溶劑脱 θ 的黏著劑萃取屮水曰，疋將生胚浸入溶劑中，把生胚中可溶 浸入溶劑，甚來；溶劑脫脂方法，主要步驟包括將生胚 卒取可溶性黏結劑出來，形成許多貫穿生胚内561083 V. Description of the invention (1) The present invention relates to a powder metallurgy method, which refers to a method that uses centrifugal force to add two-type dissolution to effectively remove adhesives, save equipment and energy ::: month end metallurgy Process degreasing method. At cost, it is suitable to be used in powder metallurgy. In order to make the powder easy to mold, raw embryos are added with a binder as a molding aid, embryo agent = agent, etc., which is degreased with powder to remove ΙίΓ and other methods. Green embryo, then put the green embryo into the furnace, mold with general plastic injection molding, and produce products with highly complex shapes and shrinkage, (Near Net Sh, 2 better microstructure, injection workpiece is almost complete processing It can save or complete the shape (Net Shape), so it does not need too many molding aids up to 30 to save a lot of cost. The appearance of its use, therefore, # V〇. Above, defects are easy to be removed during the adhesive removal process or Add = theory: judge another method of raw embryo forming method, sintering, and powder material. Especially for general degreasing process, two methods are proposed ^ Now, the degreasing treatment of f times is solvent degreasing and thermal degreasing. Among these solvents Extraction of θ decohesive agent 屮 water, 疋 immerse the raw embryo in the solvent, soak the soluble embryo in the solvent, and even more; the solvent degreasing method, the main steps include taking the soluble embryo out of the soluble binder Come into being
d〇1083 五、發明說明（2) 外部的連續開孔，便 劑以氣體或液體的开η : J用加熱方法，將殘留的黏結 時間決定則取爭於:式，由孔道中逸出生胚。而有關萃取 。 生胚厚度、大小、溶劑種類和萃取溫度 劑，脂酸的化學結構’類似溶劑脫脂所用之溶 於此類溶劑Hex田ane)或正庚烧（Heptane)，故易溶 溶性黏結劑以提供ΐ脫脂後仍需殘留20~30 %的不 用二階段方々ΒΘ 、生胚強度，並維持試#形狀。因此，利 足韵H 4式脂，即先以溶劑萃取蠟和硬脂酸，以產生 結劑 外部的開1 ’而後再以熱脫脂去除不溶性黏 溶劑脫脂是利用相似相容（Like diss〇lves Uk 用ΪΪ: ί或化學分？等方法，將溶劑擴散滲入 而溶劑脫脂可分為下述三階段： 之胚體 (1) 第一階段： &眙：t:::、生胚胚體表面之黏結劑與溶劑接觸，而形 夕 大態（Ge 1 s t a t e )，由於黏結劑與溶劑之作 用中力；子間之作用力，所以黏結劑溶解於溶劑 I體内部’，二2而☆出胚體表面，&時溶劑尚未擴散至 胚- 乂只在胚體邊緣和表面附近有黏結劑溶出， 此階段的脫脂速率決定於溶劑擴散進入黏結劑的迷； (2) 第二階段： 千 浴？=1]脫月曰持續進行時，溶劑可經由脫脂初期生胚表面d〇1083 V. Description of the invention (2) Continuously open holes on the outside, the toilet liquid is opened with gas or liquid η: J. The heating method is used to determine the remaining sticking time. . And about extraction. The thickness, size, type of solvent and extraction temperature of the embryo, the chemical structure of the fatty acid is similar to that used in solvent degreasing. It is soluble in such solvents as Hexadae or Heptane, so it is easily soluble in the binder to provide ΐ After degreasing, 20 ~ 30% of the non-use two-stage square 々ΒΘ, the strength of the embryo, and the shape of the test # should be maintained. Therefore, Li Zuyun H 4 fat, that is, the wax and stearic acid are first extracted with a solvent to generate the opening 1 ′ outside of the cement, and then the insoluble viscous solvent is removed by thermal degreasing. Degreasing is similarly compatible (Like diss〇lves Uk uses ΪΪ: 或 or chemical separation? And other methods to diffuse the solvent and degrease the solvent. It can be divided into the following three stages: embryo body (1) the first stage: & 眙: t :::, raw embryo body The adhesive on the surface is in contact with the solvent, and the Ge 1 state is due to the force acting between the adhesive and the solvent; the force acting between the particles, so the adhesive dissolves in the interior of the body of the solvent I, 2 and ☆ The surface of the embryo body, the solvent has not yet diffused to the embryo at the time of the embryo-the tadpoles only have the binder dissolving out at the edge and near the surface of the embryo body. The degreasing rate at this stage is determined by the diffusion of the solvent into the binder; Thousand baths? = 1] When the extinction is continued, the solvent can pass through the surface of the embryo during the initial degreasing period.
第5頁 561083 五、發明說明（3) 產生的開孔，而更深入胚體 應面積逐漸增加。理論上， 由於膠流體擴散到胚體外的 脫脂速率與黏結劑在胚體内 以即使反應面積增加，但就 明顯增加。當反應越深入生 變緩的趨勢。 (3 )第三階段： 經第二階段脫脂後，孔 内部，與胚體中可溶性黏結 的可溶性黏結劑幾乎完全被 試片内維持生胚之強度，所 近可溶性黏結劑在生胚中的 影響溶劑脫脂的主要因 種類、可溶性黏結劑的比例 的設計等。並指出可溶性黏 時間越長，胚體發生崩塌的 度的黏結劑減少。因此脫脂 溫度的關係。 最常用的加速溶劑脫脂 加速溶解反應的進行，以及 面，但過高的溫度，使移除 間的結合力，將可能發生破 ’進而破壞試件，加上高溫 内部，與更多黏結劑作用，反 在此階之脫脂速率雖加快，但 路徑變長，所需時間增加，且 部及溶劑中的濃度差有關，所 整體而§ ’其脫脂速率卻沒有 胚内部之際，反使脫脂速率有 隙變大’溶劑可完全進入胚體 劑發生近於完全之反應，此時 萃取，只殘留不溶性黏結劑在 以重量的損失將趨於定值，接 重量。 素有：可溶性黏結劑與溶劑的 、混料配比與混練方法及生胚 結劑的含量越高，溶劑脫脂的 機率亦越高，因為維持生胚強 程序必須嚴格控制脫脂時間和 的方法，藉由提高脫脂溫度， 已溶解的黏結劑擴散出生胚表 黏結劑的力量，超過粉末顆粒 裂、變形、泡腫和崩塌等缺陷 軟化黏結劑，降低整個生胚的Page 5 561083 V. Description of the invention (3) The openings generated, and the area deeper into the embryo body gradually increases. Theoretically, the degreasing rate due to the diffusion of the glue fluid outside the embryo and the adhesive in the embryo body increase significantly even if the reaction area increases. As the response gets deeper, it becomes slower. (3) The third stage: After the second stage of degreasing, the soluble adhesive in the pores and the soluble adhesive in the embryo body almost completely maintained the strength of the embryo in the test piece, and the effect of the nearby soluble adhesive in the embryo The main causes of solvent degreasing are the type and the design of the ratio of soluble binder. It was also pointed out that the longer the soluble sticky time, the less the degree of adhesive collapse of the embryonic body. Therefore the relationship between degreasing temperature. The most commonly used method is to accelerate the degreasing of solvents and accelerate the dissolution reaction, but the surface temperature is too high, so that the binding force between removals may break, which will damage the test piece, plus the high temperature inside, and more adhesives. Although the degreasing rate at this stage is accelerated, the path becomes longer, the time required is increased, and the concentration difference between the solvent and the solvent is related. Therefore, the degreasing rate is not the same as that of the embryo, but the degreasing rate is reversed. The gap becomes larger. The solvent can completely enter the embryo body and a near-complete reaction occurs. At this time, only the insoluble binder remaining in the extraction will tend to a fixed value, and then the weight. It is known that: the higher the content of soluble binder and solvent, the mixing ratio and the kneading method, and the higher the content of the raw embryo, the higher the probability of solvent degreasing, because the maintenance of the strong embryo program must strictly control the degreasing time and method, By increasing the degreasing temperature, the dissolved adhesive diffuses the strength of the surface adhesive of the embryo, softening the adhesive beyond defects such as powder particle cracking, deformation, edema, and collapse, reducing the overall embryo's
561083 五、發明說明（4) 強度，使溶劑 對於加速脫脂 不符經濟效益 劑脫脂速率影 如今是個 ;因此，一種 月曰之製程技術 有鑑於上 創作之動機， 良方法與本發 本發明主 當生胚中之可 產生之離心力 脫脂速 的工作 。此外 響不大 注重產 可以快 ，有其 述之缺 經多方 明。 要係使 溶性黏 加速黏 率之提升十分有限，故該種加熱方式 範圍有限，甚至於降低產品良率，並 ’使用攪拌溶液和超音波震盪對於溶 ’其試驗數值如第一圖所示。 率的時代’尤其是在考慮工資高昂上 速脫脂、減少時間上的浪費，完成脫 必要性與開發性。 失與問題，乃集思廣益促成改良習用 探討與修正，最後推出一種全新的改 $胚之脫脂程序在離心設備中進行， f劑被溶出時，適可藉由離心設備所 著劑釋出，以縮短生胚之脫脂時間者 而本發明之主要目的乃是在於提 流裎、銘少劣士 14, ^ 卜、代供—種可以加快製造 本、快速達到去除黏結劑 有鑑於習用加速脫脂的方φ古甘=之脫月曰方法。 確、提古i# 眭细η +的方法有其限制，包括控溫需精 ’ 捉冋迷率時部同時雲W姑搪4 μ 發明提出一籀唇_沾w目破展武件的風險等弊端，故本 奴η焚—種優良的溶劑 脫脂速率而不破壞生胚。⑯月曰方法’曰在可同時加速溶劑 茲對本發明說明如下·· 本發明主要係利用離心力配合溶 施時，係將溶劑置於可產& M、、士蜊運仃脫知私序，貫 之生胚浸入上述溶劑；= ; = 復將成型後 也閉奋益，則溶劑將滲入生胚中561083 V. Description of the invention (4) The strength that makes the solvent decelerate the degreasing rate of the degreasing agent that does not meet the economic benefits; therefore, a month-old process technology has the motive of the above creation. The centrifugal force that can be produced in the embryo works to degrease. In addition, it is not very important to pay attention to the fact that production can be fast, and there are many reasons for this. In order to make the increase in the solubility viscosity of the viscous solution very limited, the range of this heating method is limited, and even the yield of the product is reduced, and the test values of the solution using agitated solutions and ultrasonic vibration are shown in the first figure. The era of “rates” is especially considering the high wages, quick degreasing, reducing time wastage, and completing the necessity and development of degreasing. The problems of misfortune are brainstorming to promote the exploration and correction of improved practices. Finally, a new degreasing procedure for changing embryos is introduced in the centrifuge. When the f agent is dissolved, it can be released by the centrifugal equipment. For the time of degreasing of raw embryos, the main purpose of the present invention is to improve the flow rate, reduce the number of people, and provide substitutes—a method that can speed up the manufacturing cost and quickly achieve the removal of adhesives. Gu Gan = Zhi Tuo Yue Yue method. Indeed, there are limitations to the method of Tigu i # 眭 η +, including the need to control the temperature, and the time to capture the obsession rate. At the same time, the time is 4 μ. The invention proposes a lip. And other disadvantages, so Bennu burned-an excellent solvent degreasing rate without destroying the embryo. The method of the following month is to explain the present invention while accelerating the solvent at the same time. The present invention mainly uses centrifugal force and dissolution when the solvent is placed in a productive & The raw embryo of Guan Zhi is immersed in the above-mentioned solvent; =;
H9H9
第7頁 561083 五、發明說明（5) 而與可溶性黏結 行上述脫脂程序 速約為30rpm)， 速脫離生胚。 亦即，本發 心力使生胚内之 弊端，減少製程 劑之目的，極為 脂流程步驟者。 藉由離心力 縮短脫脂之進行 其，使整個脫脂 業上之利用價值 有關離心力 中持續實施；或 條件。而離心條 期之目的。 此外，在脫 之溶劑，藉由溫 來可省去更多脫 前述之生胚 成分可為陶瓷、 結劑則係包括有 茲舉本發明 劑反應 時，容 使得被 明乃為 黏結劑 時間， 適合粉 之助， 時間外 過程具 〇 施予之 者，待 件為持 脂過程 度提高 脂之時 ’係由 金屬、 成型助 運用於 ’使可溶性黏結劑被萃取出；在進 ϋ係依設定之速度和時間旋轉（轉 溶出的可溶性黏結劑因離心力而加 一種離心加熱脫脂之方法，藉由離 得以釋出’以改善習用溶劑脫脂之 而得以快速達到去除生胚内之黏著 末與黏結劑混練成型後之生胚的脫 溶劑脫脂之效率將有效提昇，其除 ’亦能確保脫脂後之生胚品質。尤 備離心力之設備成本不高，極具產 方式係可視需要在整個脫脂過程 脫脂進行一段時間，再賦予離心之 續或間歇方式，係皆可達本發明預 中’亦可另外同時加熱離心容器内 予以加速溶解反應的進行，如此一 間。 粉末和黏結劑組成，其中，粉末之 複合材料或其彼此間之組合者；黏 劑、填充劑或潤滑劑等。 粉末冶金完整製程之應用例，以說Page 7 561083 V. Description of the invention (5) While performing the above-mentioned degreasing procedure with the soluble glue (the speed is about 30 rpm), the embryos are quickly separated. That is to say, the ingenuity makes the disadvantages in the raw embryo, the purpose of reducing the process agent, is extremely fat process steps. Centrifugal force shortens the progress of degreasing, which makes the entire degreasing industry use value in the continuous implementation of centrifugal force; or conditions. The purpose of centrifugation is as follows. In addition, in the removal of the solvent, by removing the temperature, it is possible to eliminate more of the aforementioned raw embryo components, which can be ceramics, and the cementing agent includes the reaction time of the agent of the present invention, so that it is clear that it is the bonding agent time. It is suitable for the help of powder, if the process is given outside the time, when the part is the fat-holding process to improve the fat, it is used by metal and molding to make the soluble adhesive be extracted; The speed and time rotation (dissolved soluble adhesive is added by centrifugal force and a method of centrifugal heating and degreasing, which can be released by releasing it to improve the conventional solvent degreasing and quickly achieve the removal of the adhesive and adhesive in the raw embryo. The efficiency of desolvation and degreasing of the raw embryos after mixing and molding will be effectively improved, and it can also ensure the quality of the raw embryos after degreasing. Especially the cost of the equipment equipped with centrifugal force is not high, and the production method is based on the need to degrease the entire degreasing process. It can be performed for a period of time, and then the continuous or intermittent mode of centrifugation can be given, which can reach the pre-preparation of the present invention. Alternatively, the centrifuge container can be heated at the same time to accelerate dissolution. Should be performed, such a binder composition and a powder, wherein the composite powder, or combinations thereof are among the other;. Viscosity agents, fillers, lubricants, or other application examples of the powder metallurgy process is complete, to say.
第8頁 561083 五、發明說明（6) 明其可行性與實用性，該應用例之 u).生胚：將金屬粉末以鐵粉：錄粉 百 =90 :6 :4，再與黏結劑（以LDpE :eva ::=百刀比 ·· 6/ ·· 15的重量百分比，預混練溫度在12〇〜16〇。^。12聱1曰2 練後，鏗射出成型方式製成生胚； 。）等混 (b)脫脂.將生胚置入内有溶劑的離心 ^ =，依設定的轉速(約為3〇rpm)和時間内-達包’： 以進行脫脂，使生胚内之黏結劑得予㈣心釋出達藉 (C )燒結：將脫脂後之丰命σ说班^ ^ 結溫度1 250 〇c，2小時在氣氣置Λ爐内，設定燒 成之生胚予以燒結成型滿風_境下’將已脫脂完 ，上述⑻脫脂之㈣中，當生料人脫脂 =放置於内具有溶劑之離心設備+ 子 和時間予以脫脂。 W ^ 已，;所述之應㈣，僅為本發明之—較佳實施例而 定本發明實施之範圍。即大凡依本發明 圍所作之均等變化與修飾，皆應屬本發明專利 /函盍之範圍内。 兮们 且太：5 ί ’本發明已具有產業上之利用性與進步性， 發月未見於任何刊物，亦具新穎性， :以依法提出發明專利申請，‘懇…查委員= 第9頁 561083Page 8561083 V. Description of the invention (6) Demonstrate its feasibility and practicability, the application example u). Raw embryo: metal powder to iron powder: recording powder hundred = 90: 6: 4, and then with a binder (Based on LDpE: eva :: = 100 knife ratio ·· 6 / ·· 15 weight percentage, the pre-kneading temperature is 120 ~ 160. ^. After 12 聱 1 曰 2 training, 铿 injection molding method is used to make green embryos ;) Equal mixing (b) degreasing. Put the green embryo into the centrifuge with solvent ^ =, according to the set speed (about 30rpm) and time-up to the package ': to perform fat removal, so that the green embryo The binder can be released to the heart (C) sintering: the fat life after degreasing σ ^ ^ ^ junction temperature 1 250 ℃, 2 hours in the air gas Λ furnace, set the fired raw embryo It is sintered and moulded in the wind. Under the environment, it will be degreased. In the above degreasing process, when the raw material is degreased = it is placed in a centrifugal device with a solvent inside and it is degreased. W ^ has been described; the response should only be a preferred embodiment of the present invention and determines the scope of implementation of the present invention. That is, all equal changes and modifications made in accordance with the present invention should fall within the scope of the patent / letter of the present invention. I am too: 5 ί 'The present invention has industrial applicability and advancement. It has not been seen in any publications, and it is also novel .: The invention patent application was submitted in accordance with the law,' Hen ... Check members = page 9 561083
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