558427 玖、發明說明 (發明說明應敘明：發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、內容、實施方式及圖式簡單說明） 本發明是有關於一種周圍空氣在體表附近平行流通之冷卻裝 置。 從前，提出一種在夏天煩悶的夜晚睡眠，以寢具冷卻身體， 冷氣房內的空氣在布料及枕頭中流動，直接冷卻身體的裝置。 另外，也試著提出一種在布料及枕頭中設有微小的孔涧，使用 冷卻空氣直接吹向身體，而達到冷卻效果。 然而，爲了得到冷氣房的冷空氣，必須要使用其他裝置，因 而增加成本。此外，冷空氣直接吹到身體的方法，雖然冷卻效 果高，但對健康損害的危險性也高。 在此技術背景下，本發明之目的在提供一種冷卻裝置，適用 於冷卻寢具、冷卻座墊、冷卻墊子、冷卻椅子、冷卻衣服以及 冷卻鞋子，以簡單的構造，可以得到足夠的冷卻效果，且不會 損害健康。 爲達成上述之目的，在第一實施例用於冷卻被褥時， 之冷卻裝置至少包括：一冷卻流通路，爲近乎平行之平面@， 形成於接近身體附近之彈性構件上；一流入口，空氣由流人口 流入冷卻流通路；一流出口，冷卻流通路內的空氣從流出口流 出；一電動風扇，設於流入口側或流出口側之一方，或兩方均 設；一連接流通路，設於電動風扇與冷卻流通路之間。， 冷卻裝置藉由電動風扇，使溫度比體溫低之周圍的空氣，\在冷 卻流通路內與體表近乎平行地流通，冷卻裝置與身體 梯度大，可冷卻從身體發出的熱量。冷卻流通路由〜間^二^ 以及配置於間隔物亂與身體間之一薄片狀材料所形成，^防1 空氣從冷卻流通路向體表漏出，薄片狀材料之厚度約段c r, 。构5mm以 558427 下。間隔物iL係爲複數個間隔物物理性連續地在共同構件上一 體成型，每個間隔物之形成係爲了冷卻流通路之厚度在3imn以 上。 爲達成上述之目的，在第二實施例用於冷卻座墊時，本發明 之冷卻裝置至少包括：一冷卻流通路，爲近乎平行之平面狀， 形成於身體接觸部份之附近；一流入口，空氣由流入口流入冷 卻流通路；一流出口，冷卻流通路內的空氣從流出口流出；一 電動風扇，設於流入口側或流出口側之一方，或兩方均設；一 電池，用於對電動風扇供給電力；一連接流通路，設於電動風 扇與冷卻流通路之間。其中，冷卻裝置放在座位部上使用，藉 由電動風扇，使溫度比體溫低之周圍的空氣，在冷卻流通路內 與體表近乎平行地流通，冷卻裝置與身體之間溫度梯度大，可 冷卻從身體發出的熱量。冷卻流通路由一間隔物版以及配置於 間隔物ϋ與身體間之一薄片狀材料所形成，以防止空氣從冷卻 流通路向體表漏出，薄片狀材料之厚度約爲5mm以下。間隔物 部》係爲複數個間隔物物理性連續地在共同構件上一體成型，每 個間隔物之形成係爲了冷卻流通路之厚度在2mm以上。 爲達成上述之目的，在第三實施例用於冷卻墊子時，本發明 之冷卻裝置至少包括：一冷卻流通路，爲近乎平行之平面狀， 形成於身體接觸部份之附近；一流入口，空氣由流入口流入冷 卻流通路；一流出口，冷卻流通路內的空氣從流出口流出；一 笔動風扇’ g受於流入口側或流出口側之一方，或兩方均設；一* 連接流通路，設於電動風扇與冷卻流通路之間。其中，冷卻裝 置藉由電動風扇，使溫度比體溫低之周圍的空氣，在冷卻流通 路內與體表近乎平行地流通，冷卻裝置與身體之間溫度梯度大， 口 ί冷卻從身體發出的熱量。冷卻流通路由一間隔物部_以及配置 558427 於間隔物iL與身體間之一薄片狀材料所形成，以防止空氣從冷 卻流通路向體表漏出，薄片狀材料之屋》度約爲5mm以下。間隔 物iL係爲複數個間隔物物理性連續地在共同構件上一體成型， 每個間隔物之形成係爲了冷卻流通路之厚度在2mm以上。 爲達成上述之目的，在第四實施例用於冷卻椅子時’本發明 之冷卻裝置至少包括：一冷卻流通路，爲近乎平行之平面狀， -形成於座位部之身體接觸部份的附近；一流入口，空氣由流入 。 口流入冷卻流通路；一流出口，冷卻流通路內的空氣從流出口 流出；一電動風扇，設於流入口側或流出口側之一方，或兩方 A 均設；一連接流通路，設於電動風扇與冷卻流通路之間。其中， 冷卻裝置藉由電動風扇，使溫度比體溫低之周圍的空氣，在冷 卻流通路內與體表近乎平行地流通，冷卻裝置與身體之間溫度 梯度大，可冷卻從身體發出的熱量。冷卻流通路由一間隔物噩 以及配置於間隔物乱與身體間之一薄片狀材料所形成，以防止 空氣從冷卻流通路向體表漏出，薄片狀材料之厚度約爲5iimi以 下。間隔物部係爲複數個間隔物物理性連續地在共同構件上一 體成型，每個間隔物之形成係爲冷卻流通路之厚度在2mm以上。 爲達成上述之目的，在第五實施例用於冷卻衣服時，本發明鲁 之冷卻裝置至少包括：複數個冷卻流通路，爲近乎平行之平面 -狀，且彼此獨立，形成於身體接觸部份之附近；一伸縮性材料， 連接些冷卻流通路；一流入口，空氣由流入口流入冷卻流通路； 一流出口，冷卻流通路內的空氣從流出口流出；一電動風扇， 設於流入口側或流出口側之一方，或兩方均設；一電池，用於 對電動風扇供給電力。其中，冷卻裝置藉由電動風扇，使溫度 比體溫低之周圍的空氣，在冷卻流通路內與體表近乎平行地流 通，冷卻裝置與身體之間溫度梯度大，可冷卻從身體發出的熱 7 558427 量。冷卻流通路由一間隔物级以及配置於間隔物部J|身體間$ 一薄片狀材料所形成，以防止空氣從冷卻流通路向體表漏出， 薄片狀材料之厚度約爲5nmi以下。間隔物霞係爲複數個間隔物 物理性連續地在共同構件上一體成型，每個間隔物之形成係爲 了冷卻流通路之厚度在2imi以上。 爲達成上述之目的，在第六實施例用於冷卻鞋子時，本發曰月 之冷卻裝置至少包括：一冷卻流通路，爲近乎平行之平面狀， 形成於足底接觸部份之附近；一流入口，空氣由流入口流入冷 卻流通路；一流出口，冷卻流通路內的空氣從流出口流出；— 電動風扇’設於流入口側或流出口側之一方，或兩方均設；〜 電池，用於對電動風扇供給電力；一連接流通路，設於電動風 扇與冷卻流通路之間。其中’冷卻裝置藉由電動風扇，使溫度 比體溫低之周圍的空氣’在冷卻流通路內與足底近乎平行地流 通，冷卻裝置與足底之間的溫度梯度大，可冷卻從足i發出的 熱量。冷卻流通路由一間隔物ϋ以及配置於間隔物部^與身體間 之一薄片狀材料所形成，以防止空氣從冷卻流通路向足底漏出， 薄片狀材料之&度約爲5imn以下。間隔物部J系爲複數個間隔物 物理性連續地在共同構件上一體成型，每個間隔物之形成係爲 了冷卻流通路之厚度在2mm以上。 爲達成上述之目的，在第七實施例用於冷卻被單時，本發明 之冷卻裝置至少包括··一冷卻流通路，爲近乎平行之平面狀， 形成於身體接觸部份之附近；一流入口，空氣由流入口流入冷 卻流通路；一流出口，冷卻流通路內的空氣從流出口流出·，一 電動風扇，設於流入口側或流出口側之一方，或兩方均設；一 連接流通路，設於電動風扇與冷卻流通路之間。其中，冷卻裝 置藉由電動風扇，使溫度比體溫低之周圍的空氣，在冷卻流通 558427 路內與體表近乎平行地流通，冷卻裝置與身體之間的溫度梯度 大，可冷卻從身體發出的熱量。冷卻流通路由一間隔物趾以及 配置於間隔物级與身體間之一薄面狀材料所形成，以防止空氣 從冷卻流通路向體表漏出，薄片狀材料之厚度約爲以下。 間隔物乱係爲複數個間隔物物理性連續地在共同構件上一體成 型，每個間隔物之形成係爲了冷卻流通路之厚度在3誦以上。 爲達成上述之目的，在第八實施例用於冷卻枕頭時，本發明 之冷卻裝置至少包括：一冷卻流通路，爲近乎平行之平面狀， 形成於頭部接觸部份之附近；一墊子部份，承載冷卻流通路； 一流入口，空氣由流入口流入冷卻流通路；一流出口，冷卻流 通路內的空氣從流出口流出；一電動風扇，設於流入口側或流 出口側之一方，或兩方均設；一連接流通路，設於電動風扇與 冷卻流通路之間。其中，對電動風扇施加隔音手段。冷卻裝置 藉由電動風扇，使溫度比體溫低之周圍的空氣，在冷卻流通路 內與頭部表面近乎平行地流通，冷卻裝置與頭部之間的溫度梯 度大’可冷卻從身體發出的熱量。冷卻流涌路由一間隔物部以 及配置於間隔物部與身體間之一薄面狀材料所形成，以防止空 氣從冷卻流通路向頭部漏出，薄片狀材料之厚度約爲5mm以下。 間隔物部i系爲複數個間隔物物理性連續地在共同構件上一體成 型’每個間隔物之形成係爲了冷卻流通路之厚度在2miii以上。 圖式之簡單說明 第1圖是繪示本發明之冷卻作用之說明圖。 第2圖是繪示體表附近冷卻流通路之形成狀態之示意圖。 第3圖是繪示空氣流量一定時，流通路之距離與壓力的實驗 結果之示意圖。 第4圖是繪示各種間隔物形狀之示意圖。 558427 第5圖是繪示連續流通路之各種型態的示意圖。 第6圖是繪示電動風扇之特性的示意圖。 第7圖是繪示本發明之實施例1冷卻寢具時之冷卻裝置的示 意圖。 第8圖是繪示本發明之實施例2冷卻座墊時之冷卻裝置的示 意圖。 1 第9圖是繪示椅子用座墊上承載狀態之示意圖。 . 第10圖是繪示本發明之實施例3的冷卻墊子時適用於沙發 及床上等所使用的墊子。 第11圖是繪示實施例3之墊子冷卻身體某些部分之示意圖。 第12圖是繪示本發明實施例4冷卻椅子時所適用之椅子的 剖面圖。 第13圖是繪示實施例4之冷卻裝置後視圖。 第14圖是繪示本發明實施例5冷卻衣服時所適用之衣服在 穿著狀態之示意圖。 第15圖是繪示本發明實施例6冷卻鞋子時所適用之鞋子的 剖面圖。 第16圖是繪示本發明實施例7冷卻寢具時所適用之被單的· 平面示意圖。 第17圖是繪示實施例7之間隔物的結構示意圖。 第18圖是繪示本發明實施例8冷卻寢具時所適用之枕頭的 示意圖。 第19圖是繪示實施例8之直流式風扇（DC fan)之隔音方式 的剖面示意圖。 圖式之標記說明 A :人 10 558427 10a、10b、10c、10d、10e :板狀構件 11a、lib、11c、lid、lie :間隔物 12b、12e :孔洞 13d、13e :孔洞 14f :縱向軌道 15f :橫向軌道 16f :短棒狀構件 20a、20b、20c、20d :連接流通路 21a、21b、21c、21d :冷卻流通路 22a、22b、22c、22d :風扇 31 :冷卻流通路 32 :連接流通路 33 :風扇 34 :空氣流出口 35 :電線 36 :控制部 37 :風量開關 38 :計時器 39 :布 40 :冷卻座墊 42 :本體部 43 :座位 43a :邊緣 44 :間隔物部 46 :控制部 47 :直流式風扇 558427 48 開關 49 電池 50 壓力開關 62 本體部 63 被單 63a :邊緣 64 : :間隔物部 66 : :控制部 67 : =風扇 68 : :風量開關 69 =插頭 70 :計時器 80 :座位部 81 =背部 82 :冷卻流通路 83 :直流式風扇 84 :空氣流入口 85 :空氣流入口 86 :電池 87 ••插口 88 :充電器 89 :風量開關 90 :壓力開關 101 :冷卻服 110 :本體部 111 ^控制部 558427 112 :電線 120a、120b、120c、120d :冷卻薄片 121 :直流式風扇 122 :空氣吸入口 132 :拉錬 141 :冷卻流通路 142 :空氣吸入口 143 :空氣流出口 144 :直流式風扇 145 :電池 146 :足感測器 150 :連接流通路 151 :風扇 152 :冷卻流通路 160 :墊子 161 :冷卻流通路 162 ·’連接流通路 163 :風扇 164 :插口 165 :風量開關 170 :重物 171 :緩衝材料 較佳實施例 請參照下列圖示，將對本發明實施之最佳形態進行說明。 請參照下列說明，本發明可適用於寢具、墊子、椅子用座墊、 椅子、衣服、鞋子等，這些物品在使用狀態時直接與身體接觸， 13 或是介於身體與穿著衣物之間。本發明利用共同的冷卻作用， 在這些物品接近身體部分，形成約略平行平面狀之冷卻流通路， 具有共同之構造特徵，藉由這些冷卻流通路，使得周圍溫度比 體溫低的空氣與體表大致平行地流通。所以，在說明具體的實 施例之前，說明共同的冷卻作用與構造的特徵。 第1圖是繪示本發明之冷卻作用之說明圖。圖（a)是繪示當 人在原來室溫28°C(大略是煩悶的夏天夜晚中寢室的溫度）的房 間裡的時候，在此環境下，對於溫度之分布狀態的等溫曲線（虛 線）槪略的表示圖。人爲恆溫動物，人A的體溫大略爲固定（假 定爲36°C )，且假設房間的空氣不會對流，房間內各部分的溫度 如圖（a)所示，人A體表的溫度36°C爲最高，隨著與人距離的加 大而逐漸下降至28°C附近。相對地，圖（b)是繪示當人在原來室 溫20t的房間裡的時候，槪略的溫度分布之等溫曲線表示圖。 如第1圖之圖（a)與圖（b)對照所了解，圖（b)與圖（a)的情況 比較，圖（b)的等溫曲線彼此的間隔較密。換言之，圖（b)的情 況與圖U)比較，圖（b)的溫度梯度較大。此溫度梯度的大小， 會影響被放出的熱量，給予人對溫度的感覺有較大的影響，溫 度梯度大者所放出的熱量較多，感覺較涼快。 本發明乃著眼於此’而非降低房間全體的溫度’在人體表極 近的部分，形成與房間相同的空氣層，強制地加大體表附近的 溫度梯度，因此放出的熱量多，感覺到較涼快。第1圖的圖（c) 是繪示在室溫28°C的房間內，在極靠近人A身體附近，形成跟 室溫相同28°C的空氣層之溫度分布。在此情況下’雖然室溫跟 圖（a)相同爲28°C，28°C之等溫線在人A體表極靠近的地方’可 觀察到人A與之空氣層28°C之間極近’在此溫度梯度下’與室 溫20°C之第1圖的圖（b)的情形大致相同。因此’若能在體表附 558427 近形成如第1圖的圖（c)中之室溫的空氣層，即使室溫爲28〇c， 人A可以感覺與20C情況相同程度的涼爽。不過，實際上要如 第1圖的圖（c)般，使身體表面全部的空氣流通很難，但是若能 在身體附近形成部分與室溫相同的空氣層，對此部份則可以感 覺到涼快。 ^ 關於本發明之冷卻作用已經稍微詳細地硏究。在體表附近， 、 形成與房間的空氣相同的空氣層，如第2圖所示，在體表附近 形成空氣的流通路，這時候只要與體表平行之房間中的空氣流 通就好了。在此時，若單位時間流動空氣的流量少，自流通路 排出的空氣會溫暖化，降低冷卻效果。另外，構成冷卻流通路鲁 的構件中，其內側與身體接觸方向的構件，若熱阻抗（不容易傳 導熱的程度）大，從身體流通的空氣，其熱量無法有效地排出。 假定冷卻流通路中流動空氣的流速爲無限大，接近身體方向 的材料，其熱阻抗爲零，將具有理想狀態，在此理想狀態下， 室溫28°C之房間的空氣如第2圖的流通路流動。假定是此情況， 身體表面溫度固定爲28°C，從身體內部的熱量被急劇地剝奪， 而得到極端的冷卻效果。爲了能接近此理想狀態，首先，在體 表附近必須要有流速大的空氣流動，爲此目的，流通路的厚度 必須十分地薄。 _ 然而，爲了高流速，冷卻流通路的厚度必須薄，主要空氣之 黏性的關係，空氣流入冷卻流通路需要有高的壓力。第3圖是 繪示2塊平行重疊排列，長500mm ’寬250mm之鋁板，長邊方向 兩端部分一起敞開，兩個側面部分的空氣封閉不會漏氣，2塊鋁 板之間隔改變，使用電扇在長邊方向’以每秒1公升的比例流 動，調查入口與出口的壓力差之實驗結果的示意圖。在第3圖 中，橫軸爲2塊銘板的間隔d[mm] ’縱軸爲壓力差p[mmH20]。在 15 558427 此處，壓力單位[mmH20]與latm之間具有1 mmH20=9.672x lOAtm 之關係。 由於送風量爲固定，如第3圖所示，間隔d小的時候，空氣 的流速大。速度大時，具有黏性的空氣與內壁之間的摩擦，因 此流通的空氣承受較大的阻抗。因此，爲了提高流速，冷卻流 通路的厚度必須較薄，如第3圖所示，必要的懕力急劇地增加。 若_超過壓力的水平，需要特殊的風扇，多餘的成本亦因而增加， 大量的電力消耗與噪音的問題無法被忽視。由於這些情況，冷 卻流通路的厚度在2mm以下是不實際的。一般，冷卻流通路的 厚度太1時，同時冷卻效果會:漸弱，爲了形成冷卻流通路，使 用的間隔物的強度要求也增加，對於實施形態，實際爲20-30麵 的程度爲上限。 另外’冷卻流通路的內部與身體接觸的一側，形成薄片狀的 材料，防止從流通路流向體表的空氣漏出，在此情形的薄片的 厚度，需限制種種的條件。首先，熱阻抗要小，同時從冷卻流 避路靠近身體的觀點，薄片只有薄才能達成。一般，本發明之 被褥與墊子等所適用之情形，爲了形成冷卻流通路散佈的間隔 物（spacer)，而使身體有粗糙的感覺，爲了使其柔和，且由熱 阻抗小的觀點，薄片構件之厚度最好夠薄，薄片構件的厚度上 限爲5mm左右。 而且，冷卻流通路的內部，與身體接觸之一側的布製的薄片， 從身體發散的水分，在冷卻流通路側透過薄片，流通的空氣因 而運出外部，亦可期待次要的效果，防止不舒服的汗所導致的 悶熱。 接著，說明關於在冷卻流通路流動的空氣量與吸熱量的關 係。發明者等Z集團進行被褥的實驗，人在27°C的房間內，於 558427 空氣流通型式之被褥上就寢，此房間內的空氣剛好以每秒5公 升的比例流動，排出空氣的平均溫度約爲30。對於1公升的空 氣，溫度上升1度需要熱量約爲0.3卡路里（calorie)，在此狀 態下，對於1小時連續流動的空氣，從身體吸收約16.2仟卡路 里。並且，考慮汗水汽化時，從周圍吸收的汽化熱，若有此程 度的吸熱作用，即使在27°C的房間內也能確保睡眠十分舒適。 另外，若空氣流量爲每秒5公升，使用60角（60mmx 60mm)之軸 流式風扇就已足夠。 接著，關於在體表附近形成冷卻流通路之間隔物，後面是敘 述有關於各個實施例之共同的一般事項。由於形成冷卻流通路 必須要有間隔物’被單的重量太重是個負擔’用於支撐人的被 褥，重量太重是可以接受的，而且對於枕頭是在中間的位置’ 具有各別必要強度的差異。本實施例的形態’不論是哪個實施 例，使用平面狀的間隔物，在板狀的構件上，一體成形地形成 每個間隔物。平面狀間隔物由射出成形的軟性塑膠’或是橡膠 等形成，因此製造成本低廉。 第4圖的圖U)〜（f)分別繪示在後續使用的實施例中各種間 隔物的一部份，上面的爲平面狀間隔物的平面圖’下面的爲橫 向的透視圖。以下，圖U)〜（f)之平面狀的間隔物分別稱爲「a 型」〜「f型」。 在第4圖中，對於a型之平面狀間隔物，板狀構件l〇a爲共 同構件，在板狀構件l〇a上形成的各個間隔物11a由細棒狀的 突起所形成。因此，各個間隔物Ha與板狀構件l〇a整個爲一 體成型。就此觀點，以下各型亦同。對於b型平面狀間隔物’ 每個間隔物11b的構造與圖（a)的相同。在這些形成的板狀構件 上設計有多數的孔洞12b。如此設計，平面狀間隔物可以輕量化， 17 558427 且可增加柔軟性。對於C型的平面狀間隔物’在板狀構件10c 上形成的各個間隔物11c爲板狀突起’每個爲長邊方向的橫向 配置。 對於d型的平面狀間隔物，每個板狀突起形成的間隔物lld ’ 具有橫向與縱向於長邊方向。對於此型平面狀間隔物，在每個 板狀間隔物上，如下面的圖所示，設計有孔洞。對於此’空 、 氣的流動全都良好，提高輕量化與柔軟性。對於e型的平面 、 狀間隔物，板狀的突起形成的每個間隔物lie，設計爲橫向與縱 向於長邊方向，在每個板狀的間隔物lie，設計有各個孔洞13e° $ 而且各個間隔物之間設計有許多的孔洞12e。據此，平面狀間隔 物更增加輕量化與柔軟性。 f型的平面狀間隔物與a~e各型在板狀構件上配置固定圖案 的各個間隔物之構造不同。換言之，在上側設計有縱向軌道14f ’ 在下側設計有橫向軌道15f，縱向軌道14f與橫向軌道15f交叉， 在上下的軌道14f與15f連結處設計有短棒狀構件16f的構造。 對此f型，即使上下顛倒，也具有功能不會變化的特徵。另外， . 對於板狀構件上配置各個間隔物之a~e各型的平面狀間隔物， 在板狀構件l〇a等下方突起的前端部之一側穿戴在身體的使用 很普通，關於b型與e型的平面狀間隔物，板狀構件l〇a等型 _ 成大的孔洞12b與12d，亦可以使其上下顛倒。 在上述各型之平面狀間隔物裡，a型、b型、f型之平面狀 間隔物適用於負重較少的實施例。一般，c型、d型、e型之平 面狀間隔物可以負荷較大的負重。另外，f型具有最高的柔軟性 且重量最輕，接著是b型與e型。考慮以上的這些特徵，在實 施例中決定希望考慮使用哪一型間隔物。 而且，使用的平面狀間隔物不一定需要全部是一體的，複數 18 558427 個部分亦可以分開使用，本發明亦包含此技術範圍。另外，對 於被褥等適用的情形，爲了抑制各個間隔物不舒服的感覺，在 身體接觸之一側的被單與間隔物之間，亦可插入網孔狀的材料。 另外，在上述的各型平面狀間隔物裡，關於各個間隔物之配 置密度及各個間隔物相同間隔如何設計，需考慮材質強度、各 個間隔物之形狀，適用哪個實施例等來決定。重要的是，^ 流動的空氣在各個間隔物之間ϋ黏性阻抗小。若黏性阻抗大時 會發生大的壓力，需要大型的風扇，因此會發生電力消耗增加 、 與產生噪音等問題。實驗的結果，當使每個間隔物彼此的問FR 小於31ΏΙΪ1，麗j又實用範圍之送風量的空氣流通時，可看出黏性阻41 抗顯著地增加。爲此，王i在平面狀間隔物上的哪個位置，由 此可見，必定存在有2mm以上的間隙之空缺部分，空氣可以從 此流過，最好以此方式設計每個間隔物彼此之間隔與配置。 接著，關於「連接流通路」的說明。風扇設計的位置，不論 是在冷卻流通路的入口側或是出口側（設計在入口側的情況，係 從周圍吸入向冷卻流通路吹出之方向轉動，設計在出口側的情 況，係從冷卻流通路吸入，向周圍吹出之方向轉動），對於風扇 的選擇，特別是對於被褥、被單、墊子等大面積的使用情況， 若考慮送風量、消耗電力、噪音等問題，最好使用軸流式風扇。 此外，基於經濟的觀點，與設計使用多數個功率小的風扇相較， 最好使用一個具有一定功_率程度之風扇，或是歴*制僅使用數個 風扇。在此情況，風扇之直徑大過冷卻流通路的厚度。此外， 冷卻流通路之寬度亦甚大於風扇之直徑。爲此，風扇的一側與 冷卻流通路之間，必須要有讓兩者平滑地連接的空間。此爲本 說明書所稱呼之「連接流通路」。 第5圖之圖（a)〜（d)爲此連接部之各種型態的表示圖。分別 19 558427 上圖爲平面圖，下圖爲剖面圖。在第5圖中，箭頭表示空氣流 動的方向。在第5圖之圖（a)中，連接流通路20a設計在冷卻流 通路21a的左側。連接流通路2〇a的下端部分設計有風扇22a， 風扇22a係從周圍吸入的空氣向連接流通路20a送出的方向轉 動。空氣在連接流通路與冷卻流通路之連接部分的流動方向約 改變90度，從冷卻流通路21a的左邊向右邊橫向流動。第5圖 之圖（b)中，冷卻流通路21b的左側，在連接流通路2〇b的中央 設計有風扇22b。風扇22b係從冷卻流通路21b與連接流通路20b 吸引空氣，再吐出至外部的方向轉動。 第5圖之圖（c)中，連接流通路20c設計在冷卻流通路21c 的左側。連接流通路20c係從風扇22c開始，在冷卻流通路21c 中’則進的寬度慢慢地變寬。第5圖之圖（d)爲風扇22d設計在 冷卻流通路21d之中央的例子。風扇22d的直徑與冷卻流通路2Id 的厚度比較不會相差很大的情況下，關於第5圖之圖（d)，風扇 係在冷卻流通路之中央的底部，亦可設計在端部到中央的底部。 在此情況下，風扇的轉動方向，係將空氣從冷卻流通路吸入， 向下側排出之方向。對於第5圖之圖（d)的情況，可認爲考慮風 扇22d的周圍部分是連接流通路2〇d。 接著，說明使周圍的空氣在冷卻流通路中流動，風扇的風量 與淨壓之關係。第6圖是關於山洋電器公司所製造之 109P0412H302型電動風扇（40角、28mm厚），橫軸中採用mVmin 爲風量的單位，縱軸中採用mmH20爲淨壓的單位。而且，在橫軸 中0· 3ir^/min的風量，以秒爲單位的風量換算，相當於每秒5公 升。 關於第6圖所示，施加於風扇的電壓高，淨壓、風量均會一 起增加。然而’若是電壓尚’那麼噪音程度也會增高，使用寢 558427 具等會妨礙睡眠。因此，寢具與墊子在使用時，供給電壓最好 低於12V，淨壓最好控制在3mmH20以下的程度。另外，這些以 外的物品，例如衣服、鞋子、座墊、椅子等，淨壓最好在5mmH20 以下。 而且，在本說明書中，「風扇的壓力」意指室內周圍之壓力 與連接流通路之壓力的壓力差。 以下，說明關於本發明中各種具體物品適用的詳細實施例。 〔實施例1〕 第7圖是繪示本發明之實施例1冷卻寢具時，之冷卻裝置示 意圖。圖U)爲平面圖，圖（b)爲圖（a)之冷卻寢具，從左側所見 之側面圖。本實施之冷卻寢具中，墊子（cushion)30上負載有冷 卻流通路31。如第7圖之圖（a)所示，在仰臥之人的右側具有連 接流通路32，在足邊方向之連接流通路32的端部設計有60角 的風扇33。在冷卻流通路31裡，設計有連接流通路32之一側（就 寢之人的右側）爲空氣流入口，相反側爲空氣流出口 34。如第7 圖之圖（b)所示，在墊子的側面設計有向下的空氣流出口 34。在 被單等設計有空氣流出口係爲了防止堵塞發生。另外，風扇33 設計在就寢之人的足邊方向係因考慮噪音的問題。關於本實施 例，本發明所適用之寢具，若考慮噪音量少，確保必要的風量， 減低從被單漏出的空氣等問題，最好使用軸流式風扇。 電線35介於風扇33與控制部36之間，且連接兩者。在控 制部36中設有風量開關37與計時器38。風量開關37可切換風 扇動作的開/關，並且可改變回轉速度來調節風量。雖然就寢之 人可以任意決定計時器38的使用，但是爲了防止過冷，風扇33 在一定時間動作之後，最好會自動地停止動作，以減少送風量。 於本實施例中，冷卻流通路31可使用第4圖之c型平面狀 21 558427 間隔物。在此情形，考慮空氣的流動方向，每個間隔物lie的 長邊方向朝向被褥的寬邊方向。在間隔物上覆蓋布39，上側與 下側之端部與平面狀間隔物對應的端部連接。如此，風扇33因 此吸引周圍的空氣，流過連接流通路32之後，進入冷卻流通路 31，從就寢之人的右側向左側流動。此時，極靠近就寢之人的 後背處，可以形成與周圍空氣相同溫度的空氣層，此部份的溫 度梯度大，就寢的人會感覺到涼爽。 可是，即使布39使用高密度布（icm大約使用300條絲的織 布），由於整體的面積大，二1在風扇33之後，亦即連接流通 路32的部分的壓力太高，會有大多的空氣在途中就漏出了的問 題。此外，若壓力過高，噪音的問題也會更顯著。因此，爲了 在低壓下能廬j呆風量，例如爲每秒5公升程度的風量，若冷卻 流通路31之厚度大則較有利，例如，若是厚度爲10〜15mm，可 在低壓下確保足夠的風量。但是，當風量少時，且加強風扇33 的噪音對策時，若使用耐高壓力絲所織成的高密度的布時，冷 卻流通路31的厚度可以薄至3mm。如此，即使冷卻流通路31的 厚度薄，風扇33之後的連接流通路內的壓力低有5mmH20的界限。 而且，上述的實施例中，第4圖中c型平面狀間隔物放置於 塾子30上，因而形成冷卻流通路31。然而，若使用的墊子30， 例如是用尿烷（urethane)做成的海綿而形成，取代與墊子30分 開的間隔物，在墊子30的上部處，舡突起部一體成型，若使用 此間隔物，在其上覆蓋布，亦可行成冷卻流通路31。 〔實施例2〕 第8圖是繪示本發明之冷卻椅子用座墊時之冷卻裝置。圖（a) 爲平面圖，圖（b)爲圖（a)之冷卻座墊，在中央切開之剖面圖。 第9圖是繪示本實施例之椅子用座墊放置於椅子上之狀態圖。 22 558427 無論是放置在長凳、沙發等上皆可使用。本實施例之冷卻座墊40 由基本的本體部42與座位i兩部份所構成。本體部42由長 400ΠΗΤ1 ’寬400mm之正方形的間隔物部44，以及設計在間隔物部 44後側的控制部46所組成。在間隔物部44之表面，設計有許 多突起狀的間隔物、。由間隔物部44與控制部46組成的本體部42 係由軟質塑膠以注射成型方式製造而成。若考慮放在椅子上使 〜 用的情形，整體的大小約長500mm，寬500mm。 、 在此，間隔物部44的形狀係使用第4圖之e型。雖然厚度 薄且流速快時冷卻效果高，但必須考慮電池的消耗，無法讓厚 度太薄，冷卻流通路的厚度最低約2mm的程度。 0 座位43爲袋狀，除了控制部46，包裹整個間隔物部44。但 是，在第8圖中，爲了吸入空氣，右側的邊緣43a爲打開狀態。 座位43的材料可以是任何水蒸氣容易透過的物質，例如可使用 上述的高密度綿布或是一般的布。而且，代替袋狀的座位43， 在第8圖中圖（a)之上側的邊緣部份與下側的邊緣部份，座位43 與間隔物部44也可以黏在一*起。 在控制部46設計有40角的直流式風扇47、開關48與電池 49。電池49可以使用普通的乾電池，當冷卻座墊無法使用乾電參' 池時，最好有可充電的充電電池，可以先準備商用電源進行充 電。約略在本體部42中央處設計有壓力開關50。當開關48與 壓力開關50串聯連接，兩者皆爲開時，電池供給電力至直流式 風扇47。設計有控制部46的部份也可以兼具有直流式風扇47 與冷卻流通路之間的連接流通路。 使用冷卻座墊40時，如第9圖所示，控制部46可載置於椅 子的後面部份（椅背側）。通常，雖然直流式風扇47的吹出口向 下，但可依照椅子的結構翻過來使用。在此狀態下，人坐在椅 23 558427 子41上，感測到坐上的感測器如壓力開關5〇因而開啓。並且， 右開關48開啓，直流式風扇47會從座位43右側的邊緣43a將 周圍空氣吸入的方向轉動。從邊緣43a吸入的空氣在間隔物部44 的冷卻流通路流動之後，在直流式風扇47處向下排出。空氣的 流通量約爲每秒1公升左右。小型4〇角的風扇就足夠使此程度 的空氣流通。 當人坐上時，周圍比體溫還低的空氣在臀部下流動，對坐在 椅子上的人，在臀部的溫度梯度高，因此，即使長時間坐著， 在臀部接觸部份的溫度不會因爲體溫而暖和，可以感覺到很舒 適。而且，在本實施例中，在底板處設有許多的孔洞，且使用e 型間隔物，冷卻座墊翻過來使用，也可以得到足夠的冷卻效果。 〔實施例3〕 第10圖是繪示在沙發與床上使用之墊子，適用於本發明實 施例3之冷卻墊子的示意圖。圖（a)爲平面圖，圖（b)爲圖（a)之 冷卻墊子的剖面圖。第11圖是繪示冷卻身體某一部份之示意圖。 如第11圖所示，當人在床與沙發上橫臥時，本實施例之冷 卻墊子可以冷卻身體的上半身。本賓施例形態之冷卻墊子60的 基本構造，大約與實施例2之冷卻座墊相同，基本上由本體部62 與被單63兩個部份所構成。本體部62爲長450mm，寬900mm之 長方形的間隔物部64,間隔物部64之表面側設有許多的間隔物， 間隔物部64之後側設有控制部66，這些由軟質塑膠注射成型所 一體成型製造而成。 間隔物部64係使用第4圖之e型間隔物。跟前述的冷卻座 墊相同的理由，冷卻流通路的厚度約在2mm〜30mm之間的範圍， 且在6mm左右較爲適當。 被單63爲袋狀，除了控制部66以外，包裹整個間隔物部64。 24 558427 但是，爲了吸入空氣，在第10圖右側的邊緣63a爲打開狀態。 被單63的材料可以是任何水蒸氣容易透過的物質，例如可使用 前述的高密度綿布或是一般的布。而且，代替袋狀的被單63， 若只覆蓋間隔物部64的上部，也可以將間隔物部64兩側部連 接在一起。 在控制部66設有50角的風扇67、風量開關68、商用電源 的連接插頭69與計時器70。控制部66也可以兼具有風扇67與 冷卻流通路之間的連接流通路。雖然橫臥的人可以任意決定如 何使用計時器70，爲了防止過冷，風扇在動作一定時間之後自 動停止，減少送風量。 如第11圖所示，冷卻座墊係放置在床上或沙發上，人的上 半身下方的位置。通常，冷卻座墊放置在床上等使用時，風扇67 的吹出口可以向上放置，即使翻過來使用也可以。當風量開關68 開啓，風扇67從被單63右側的邊緣63a吸入周圍空氣的方向 運轉。從邊緣63a吸入的空氣在間隔物部64形成的冷卻流通路 中流動，再從風扇67處向上排出。流通的空氣量約爲每秒3公 升，流通此程度的空氣，使用50角的小型風扇就足夠。 當人在冷卻墊子60上橫臥時，周圍比體溫低的空氣在背部 及腹部下流動，在人的背部及腹部附近的溫度梯度高’因此， 即使長時間的橫臥，墊子的溫度不會因爲體溫而暖和，可以睡 的很舒適。而且，在本實施例中’在底板處具有許多的孔洞， 且使用e型間隔物，冷卻墊子即使翻過來使用’也可以得到相 當的冷卻效果。 本實施例之變形例子’間隔物部64亦可以墊子狀的材料形 成，在此墊子狀材料上’每個間隔物係爲一體成型’在其上赛 上薄片而形成冷卻流通路。 25 558427 〔實施例4〕 第12圖是繪示本發明實施例4冷卻椅子時的剖面圖。第13 圖是繪币此冷卻椅子之後視圖。 如第12圖所示，本實施例之冷卻椅子，在座位部80與椅背 81內部形成冷卻流通路82，座位部80與背部81的連接部份設 有50角的直流式風扇83，風扇83以空氣向外側吐出的方向縛 動。在通常的動作狀態下，適當的風量約爲每秒2公升左右。 在座位部80前面的底部設有複數個空氣流入口 84，在椅背上端 部份的後部設有複數個流入口 85。在座位部80前面底部設計的 流入口 84應避免腳或衣服等的阻塞。 設計在座位部80與椅背81之墊子上的冷卻流通路82，當 人坐上時，可以感覺墊子具有適當的彈性。在本實施例之冷卻 椅子中，形成冷卻流通路82之間隔物，爲了能負荷人的體重， 可使用第4圖的c型間隔物。若冷卻流通路82的厚度薄，壓力 會變高，電池86的消耗會變大，厚度的界區約爲2mm。此外， 厚度超過30mm，以此方式的冷卻原理是不實際的。實用的厚度 約在5nmi左右較適當。而且，如第12圖所示，在椅子的座位部， 通常加入如尿烷所製的墊子。所以，在墊子上的間隔物係爲一 體成型，也可以加入座位部。當然，間隔物也可以各別地形成， 加在墊子上。 在椅背81的內部設有用於直流式風扇83之電力供給的電池 86。在椅子不使用時，可使用插頭在插口 87處插入的充電器88, 以商用電源進行充電。在座位部80的中央部份，設有壓力開關 90，當人坐上時會開啓。座位部80的後側設有風量開關89，串 接壓力開關’當人坐上而壓力開關開啓時，風量開關89若開啓， 直流式風扇83會轉動。迴轉數可以隨風量開關改變，因而可調 26 558427 節風量大小。 當人坐在本實施例之冷卻椅子時，周圍比體溫低的空氣在臀 部與背部下的冷卻流通路82流動，坐著的人的臀部與背部的溫 度梯度高，因此，即使長時間坐著，臀部與背部接觸部份的溫 度也不會因爲體溫而變得暖和，亂可以十分舒適。 〔實施例5〕 第14圖是繪示本發明實施例5冷卻衣服時，在穿著狀態之 斜視圖。如第14圖所示’本實施例之冷卻服101具有背心型的 本體部110，電線112從控制部111連接至本體部110。本體部 110如同一般的背心，打開前面的拉鍊132，手腕各從袖子處穿 過，再拉上拉鍊132。 在本體部110設計有前面兩片，後面兩片，合計四片的冷卻 薄片120a、120b、120c與120d(後側的120c與120d的圖示省 略）。這些冷卻薄片分別爲各自獨立。如此設計複數個冷卻薄片， 間隔物比較容易形成。假設，若衣服整個是由一片冷卻薄片構 成，形成柔軟的且巧妙地符合身體的間隔物是很困難的且不實 際的。 在本體部110裡，冷卻薄片120a〜120d以外的部份，具伸縮 性的布料，例如是由彈性的（spandex)聚亞胺酯（polyurethane) 所製成。此伸縮性布料與四片冷卻薄片12〇a〜120d縫合連接， 形成背心型的冷卻服101。在此情況，穿著時伸縮性布料可以些 微少許的伸展，冷卻薄片120的裡側可以緊密地穿在穿著者上。 在四片冷卻薄片120a〜120d的上部設計有直流式風扇121， 下部設計有複數個空氣吸入口 122。此外，在空氣吸入口 122與 直流式風扇121之間形成冷卻流通路。直流式風扇以空氣向外 側吐出的方向轉動。換言之，若直流式風扇121轉動，空氣從 27 558427 空氣吸入口 122吸入，經過冷卻流通路上升，從直流式風扇i2i 處吐出。對於各片冷卻薄片，直流式風扇121可以使用魔術膠 帶（magic tape)等裝上及卸下。當洗濯冷卻服時，直流式風扇121 可以輕易地卸下，相當方便。 控制部111設有電池125與風量開關126。電池125可以使 用一般的乾電池，也可以使用可充電的充電電池，風量開關126 的功用如同前述的各實施例。 本實施例中，形成冷卻流通路之間隔物使用第4圖之b型的 間隔物。此外，衣服的間隔物不會受到大的荷重，使用輕重量 的較有利。在本實施例之形態中，第4圖之b型平面狀間隔物 可使用熱塑性合成橡膠（elastomer)射出成型而製成。在此間隔 物上覆蓋上等布料，形成冷卻流通路。熱塑性塑膠形成後有橡 膠的性質，具有相當的彈性。若考慮電池125的消耗，冷卻流 通路厚度的界限約爲2min。 穿上本實施例之冷卻服101，若風量開關126開啓，直流式 風扇121轉動，空氣會從空氣吸入口 122吸入，經過冷卻流通 路上升。此時，在體表附近形成與周圍空氣相同溫度的空氣層， 體表附近的溫度梯度會變大。因此，即使周圍的溫度爲30°C， 穿著者可以感覺到涼快與舒適。 [實施例6] 第15圖是繪示本發明實施例6冷卻鞋子時的剖面圖。如第 15圖所示，本實施例之冷卻鞋140在鞋底的部份設有冷卻流通 路141，在鞋尖的部份設有空氣吸入口 142,在鞋後跟的部份設 有空氣流出口 143，直流式風扇144以空氣向鞋後跟後側排出的 方向轉動。鞋後跟的部份設有直流式風扇144電力供給用的電 池145。電池145可使用一般的乾電池，也可以使用充電電池。 28 558427 本實施例之冷卻鞋140中，間隔物一體成型於鞋底的墊子材 料上，鞋墊置於上而形成冷卻流通路141。然而，鞋底的墊子材 料與間隔物也可以各別地形成。 本實施例之冷卻鞋140中，鞋子內部之底部的部份（鞋墊上） 設有足感測器146。感測器爲開關，當足穿入鞋內時開啓，鞋子 脫下時關閉。因此，當足未穿入鞋內時，可以避免無用的電力 浪費。足感測器146例如可以使用壓力開關，鞋內可裝著不同 的識別物品，並不限於壓力開關。 若穿上本實施例之冷卻鞋H0，足感測器146會開啓，直流 式風扇144會轉動。於是，空氣從空氣吸入口 142吸入，經過 冷卻流通路向左側流動。此時，在足表面附近形成與空氣相同 溫度的空氣層，此部份的溫度梯度變大。因此，即使夏天天氣 熱的時期，鞋內也不會悶熱，可以感覺十分舒適。 〔實施例7〕 第16圖是繪示本發明實施例7冷卻寢具時適用於被單之平 面圖。第17圖是繪示間隔物構造之示意圖。如第16.圖所示， 當人的頭在圖的下面位置，仰臥就寢時，在人的身體右側具有 連接流通路150，連接流通路150在足側（圖的上側）的部份設有 60角的軸流式風扇151。冷卻流通路152裡，在設有連接流通 路150側具有空氣流入口，相反側具有空氣流出口。風扇151 設在就寢之人的足側悬羞i考慮連L噪音的問題。冷卻流通路152 與連接流通路150合計的尺寸，例如長1800mm，寬1200min。 如第17圖所示，在本實施例中，平面狀間隔物可使用第4 圖b型稍微變形的平面狀間隔物。此平面狀間隔物的孔洞不是 圓形，而是四角形，可以更加輕量化。平面狀間隔物整個被袋 狀的布包住，而形成冷卻流通路152。被風扇151從周圍吸引， 29 558427 進入連接流通路150的空氣，在冷卻流通路152中橫向流動， 最後從冷卻流通路152相反側的流出口流出。依此，在就寢之 人的體表附近，形成跟周圍空氣相同溫度的空氣層，溫度梯度 變得高，即使在天氣熱的夜晚，也可以覺得舒適。 爲了形成冷卻流通路152所用之袋狀的布最好使用前述的高 密度布。迎JE使用高密度布，通_整體的面積甚大，在風扇151 之後，即連接流通路150的部份，一旦壓力變得渦高，览會有 大多的空氣在途中漏出的問題。此外，若壓力過高，噪音的問 題會變得顯者。因此，m使在低壓下，爲了確保例如毎秒$公 升程度之足夠的風量，冷卻流通路15〇的厚度大較有利，例如 厚度若約爲10〜15mm左右，可確保低壓下有足夠的風量。但是， 若風量不變少，能強化風扇151的噪音對策，此外，爲了能忍 受更高的壓力，使用更高密度的布，則冷卻流通路152的厚度 可以薄到約3imn左右。另外，即使像這樣把冷卻流涌;^約 置度的場合，_風扇151之後的壓力界限約5mmH20。 另外，在本實施例中，爲了防止就寢的人過冷，最好設有計 時器。就寢的人可以任意決定要不要使用計時器，爲了防止過 冷’風扇動作一定時間後，自動停止動作，減少送風量。 〔實施例8〕 —第18圖是繪示本發明實施例8冷卻寢具時所適用之枕頭的 =意圖。圖（a)爲剖面圖，圖（b)爲平面圖。另外，第19圖是繪 示直流式風扇之防音對策的剖面圖。 ^本實施例之冷卻寢具，在墊子160上載置有冷卻流通路161。 第18圖之圖（b)的上側部份（第18圖之圖（a)的左側部份）設有 連接流通路162，在中央部份設有50角的直流式風扇ι63。直 流式風扇163爲軸流式風扇。空氣從下方吸入，送出至連接流 558427 通路162、冷卻流通路161，再從相反側吐出，直流式風扇以此 方向運轉。 本實施例中’形成冷卻流通路161的間隔物可使用第4圖之 d型的平面狀間隔物。平面狀間隔物以軟質聚乙烯（p〇lyethylene) 射出成型製造而成。墊子160與間隔物不分開，而是塾子160 的上部與間隔物使用相同材料一體成型，在其上覆蓋薄片狀的 ％ 部件，而形成冷卻流通路161。 ^ 如第18圖之圖（b)所示，枕頭的側面部份設有直流轉接器插 入的插口 164，直流式風扇ι63從此處接受電力的供給。另外， 在枕頭相同的側面部份設有風量開關165。風量開關165可開/鲁 關風扇的動作’且可改變轉動速度，進行風量調節。 接著’請參照第19圖，說明關於直流式風扇163的防音對 策。在睡眠中所使用的枕頭，即使很少的震動聲音也會妨礙良 好的睡眠。爲此，抑制風扇轉動產生的震動聲音，不會妨礙良 好的睡眠是很重要的。於是，在本實施例中，如第19圖所示， 直流式風扇163的周圍纏繞鐵等金屬之重物170。依此，震動之 镛 振幅可以很小。並且，被重物Π0纏繞的直流式風扇163，可加 入膠（gel)狀緩衝材料171，裝置在連接流通路162。照此即使籲' 直流式風扇163轉動，可以實現幾乎無噪音的狀態。本實施例 之冷卻寢具的枕頭，在就寢時承載頭部，風量開關165會開啓， 直流式風扇會轉動。於是，空氣從直流式風扇163下策的空氣 吸入口吸入，經過連接流通路162與冷卻流通路161，向第18 圖之圖（a)的右側流通。此時，頭部的表面附近形成與周圍空氣 相同溫度的空氣層，此部份的溫度梯度會變大。因此，即使在 夏天天氣熱的時期，也可以覺得舒適。 如以上說明’使用本發明之冷卻裝置於冷卻寢具、冷卻座墊、 31 558427 冷卻墊子、冷卻椅子、冷卻衣服以及冷卻鞋子時，當房間內整 體的溫度無法下降，在人的體表附近部份，形成跟房間相同溫 度的空氣層，強制體表附近的溫度梯度變大，因此熱的放出量 增多而能夠冷卻身體。爲此，不需要冷氣裝置，降低成本，不 會受到冷空氣直接吹送而有不舒服的感覺，此外，可以感覺到 自然的涼爽。 產業上利用的可能性 如以上說明，本發明在身體附近部份形成約略平行的平面狀 冷卻流通路，在此冷卻流通路內，與體表大約平行處，流通著 周圍溫度比體溫低的空氣，利用冷卻作用冷卻身體，利用此冷 卻作用可適用於寢具、墊子、椅子用座墊、椅子、衣服、鞋子 等。 32558427 发明 Description of the invention (The description of the invention should state: the technical field to which the invention belongs, the prior art, the content, the embodiments, and the drawings.) The present invention relates to a cooling device in which ambient air circulates in parallel near the body surface. In the past, a device was proposed for sleeping on a dreary night in summer, using bedding to cool the body, and air in an air-conditioned room flowing through cloth and pillows to directly cool the body. In addition, there is also an attempt to propose a micro hole provided in a cloth and a pillow, and the cooling air is directly blown to the body to achieve a cooling effect. However, in order to obtain the cold air of the air-conditioned room, other equipment must be used, thereby increasing the cost. In addition, the method of blowing cold air directly to the body has a high cooling effect, but also has a high risk of health damage. Under this technical background, the object of the present invention is to provide a cooling device suitable for cooling bedding, cooling cushions, cooling mats, cooling chairs, cooling clothes, and cooling shoes. With a simple structure, a sufficient cooling effect can be obtained. Without harming health. In order to achieve the above purpose, when the first embodiment is used to cool a bedding, the cooling device at least includes: a cooling flow path, which is a nearly parallel plane @, formed on an elastic member near the body; a first-class inlet, air The flow of people flows into the cooling flow path; the first-rate outlet, the air in the cooling flow path flows out of the flow outlet; an electric fan is provided on one of the flow inlet side or the flow outlet side, or both; a connection flow channel is provided on the Between the electric fan and the cooling flow path. The cooling device uses electric fans to make the surrounding air at a temperature lower than the body temperature circulate almost parallel to the body surface in the cooling flow path. The cooling device and the body have a large gradient to cool the heat emitted from the body. The cooling circulation path is formed by a thin sheet of material arranged between the spacer and the body, preventing air from leaking from the cooling flow path to the body surface, and the thickness of the thin sheet of material is about cr ,. 5mm to 558427. The spacer iL is formed by physically forming a plurality of spacers on a common member continuously. Each spacer is formed so that the thickness of the cooling flow path is 3imn or more. In order to achieve the above purpose, when the second embodiment is used to cool a seat cushion, the cooling device of the present invention includes at least: a cooling flow path, which is nearly parallel to a planar shape, formed near a body contact portion; Air flows into the cooling flow path from the inflow port; first-rate outlet, the air in the cooling flow path flows out from the outflow port; an electric fan is installed on either the inflow side or the outflow side, or both; a battery is used for Power is supplied to the electric fan; a connection flow path is provided between the electric fan and the cooling flow path. Among them, the cooling device is used on the seat, and the surrounding air with a temperature lower than the body temperature is circulated almost parallel to the body surface in the cooling flow path by an electric fan. The temperature gradient between the cooling device and the body is large. Cools the heat emitted from the body. The cooling flow is formed by a spacer plate and a sheet-like material disposed between the spacer and the body to prevent air from leaking from the cooling flow path to the body surface. The thickness of the sheet-like material is about 5 mm or less. The "spacer part" is a plurality of spacers that are physically and integrally formed on a common member. Each spacer is formed so that the thickness of the cooling flow path is 2 mm or more. In order to achieve the above object, when the third embodiment is applied to a cooling mat, the cooling device of the present invention includes at least: a cooling flow path, which is nearly parallel and formed near the body contact portion; first-class inlet, air It flows into the cooling flow path from the inflow port; the first-rate outlet, the air in the cooling flow path flows out from the outflow port; a moving fan 'g is affected by one of the inflow side or the outflow side, or both; one * connection circulation The circuit is provided between the electric fan and the cooling flow path. Among them, the cooling device uses electric fans to make the surrounding air lower in temperature than the body temperature circulate almost parallel to the body surface in the cooling flow path. The temperature gradient between the cooling device and the body is large, and the heat from the body is cooled by the mouth. . The cooling flow path is formed by a spacer section and a piece of 558427 placed between the spacer iL and the body to prevent air from leaking from the cooling flow path to the body surface. The room of the sheet material is less than 5mm. The spacer iL is a plurality of spacers that are physically and integrally formed on a common member. Each spacer is formed so that the thickness of the cooling flow path is 2 mm or more. In order to achieve the above object, when the fourth embodiment is used for cooling a chair, the cooling device of the present invention includes at least: a cooling flow path, which is nearly parallel to a planar shape, formed near a body contact portion of the seat portion; First-class entrance, air flows in. The inlet flows into the cooling flow path; the first-class outlet, the air in the cooling flow path flows out from the outlet; an electric fan is provided on one of the inlet side or the outlet side, or both A are provided; a connection flow channel is provided on the Between the electric fan and the cooling flow path. Among them, the cooling device uses electric fans to make the surrounding air at a temperature lower than the body temperature circulate almost parallel to the body surface in the cooling flow path, and the temperature gradient between the cooling device and the body is large, which can cool the heat emitted from the body. The cooling flow is formed by a spacer and a sheet-like material arranged between the spacer and the body to prevent air from leaking from the cooling flow path to the body surface. The thickness of the sheet-like material is less than 5iimi. The spacer portion is formed by physically forming a plurality of spacers on a common member continuously, and each spacer is formed so that the thickness of the cooling flow path is 2 mm or more. In order to achieve the above object, when the fifth embodiment is used for cooling clothes, the cooling device of the present invention includes at least: a plurality of cooling flow paths, which are nearly parallel planes, and are independent of each other and formed on the body contacting part Nearby; a stretchable material to connect some cooling flow paths; first-class inlet, air flows into the cooling flow path from the inlet; first-class outlet, the air in the cooling flow path flows out of the outlet; an electric fan is located on the side of the inlet or One or both sides of the outflow port are provided; a battery is used to supply power to the electric fan. Among them, the cooling device uses electric fans to make the surrounding air lower in temperature than the body temperature circulate almost parallel to the body surface in the cooling flow path. The temperature gradient between the cooling device and the body is large, which can cool the heat emitted from the body. 558427 volume. The cooling flow is formed by a spacer level and a sheet-shaped material arranged in the spacer section J | between the body to prevent air from leaking from the cooling flow path to the body surface. The thickness of the sheet-shaped material is about 5 nmi or less. The spacer Xia is a plurality of spacers that are physically and integrally formed on a common member. The formation of each spacer is such that the thickness of the cooling flow path is 2imi or more. In order to achieve the above purpose, when the sixth embodiment is used to cool shoes, the cooling device of the present invention includes at least: a cooling flow path, which is nearly parallel and formed near the contact portion of the sole; Inlet, air flows into the cooling flow path from the inflow port; first-class outlet, air in the cooling flow path flows out from the outflow port;-electric fans are provided on either the inflow side or the outflow side, or both; ~ batteries, It is used to supply power to the electric fan; a connection flow path is provided between the electric fan and the cooling flow path. Among them, the "cooling device uses electric fans to make the surrounding air lower in temperature than the body temperature" circulate in the cooling flow path almost parallel to the sole of the foot. The temperature gradient between the cooling device and the sole of the foot is large, and it can be cooled from the foot Of heat. The cooling flow path is formed by a spacer ϋ and a sheet-like material disposed between the spacer portion ^ and the body to prevent air from leaking from the cooling flow path to the soles of the feet. The degree of the sheet-like material is about 5 imn or less. The spacer portion J is a plurality of spacers which are physically and integrally formed on a common member. Each spacer is formed so that the thickness of the cooling flow path is 2 mm or more. In order to achieve the above object, when the seventh embodiment is used for cooling a sheet, the cooling device of the present invention includes at least a cooling flow path, which is nearly parallel and formed near the body contact portion; Air flows into the cooling flow path from the inflow port; first-class outlet, the air in the cooling flow path flows out from the outflow port, an electric fan is provided on one of the inflow side or the outflow side, or both; one is connected to the flow path , Located between the electric fan and the cooling flow path. Among them, the cooling device uses electric fans to make the surrounding air at a temperature lower than the body temperature circulate in the cooling flow 558427 almost parallel to the body surface. The temperature gradient between the cooling device and the body is large, which can cool the heat emitted from the body. Heat. The cooling flow is formed by a spacer toe and a thin surface-shaped material disposed between the spacer level and the body to prevent air from leaking from the cooling flow path to the body surface. The thickness of the sheet-like material is about the following. The spacer disorder is a plurality of spacers that are physically and continuously integrated on a common member, and each spacer is formed so that the thickness of the cooling flow path is 3 or more. In order to achieve the above object, when the eighth embodiment is used to cool a pillow, the cooling device of the present invention includes at least: a cooling flow path, which is nearly parallel and formed near the contact portion of the head; a cushion portion Part, carrying the cooling flow path; first-class inlet, air flows into the cooling flow path from the inlet; first-class outlet, the air in the cooling flow path flows out from the outlet; an electric fan is provided on either the inlet side or the outlet side, or Both sides are provided; a connection flow path is provided between the electric fan and the cooling flow path. Among them, sound insulation is applied to the electric fan. The cooling device uses electric fans to make the surrounding air at a temperature lower than the body temperature circulate almost parallel to the surface of the head in the cooling flow path. The large temperature gradient between the cooling device and the head can cool the heat emitted from the body. . The cooling surge is formed by a spacer portion and a thin surface material disposed between the spacer portion and the body to prevent air from leaking from the cooling flow path to the head. The thickness of the sheet-like material is about 5 mm or less. The spacer portion i is a plurality of spacers that are physically and continuously integrated on a common member. The spacers are formed so that the thickness of the cooling flow path is 2 miii or more. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is an explanatory drawing showing the cooling effect of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the formation state of the cooling flow path near the body surface. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the experimental results of the distance and pressure of the flow path when the air flow is constant. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing various spacer shapes. 558427 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing various types of continuous flow path. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing characteristics of the electric fan. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a cooling device when cooling bedding according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a cooling device when a seat cushion is cooled according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 1 FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a bearing state on a seat cushion for a chair. . Fig. 10 is a drawing showing a cooling pad according to the third embodiment of the present invention, which is suitable for a sofa, a bed, and the like; FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing that the pad of Example 3 cools some parts of the body. Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a chair suitable for cooling a chair according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a rear view of the cooling device of Example 4. FIG. Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing a state of wearing the clothes applicable to cooling clothes in Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a shoe to be used for cooling the shoe according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 16 is a schematic plan view showing a sheet applicable to cooling a bedding according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the spacer in Example 7. FIG. Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a pillow applicable when cooling bedding according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a sound insulation method of a DC fan of the eighth embodiment. Description of the drawing symbols A: People 10 558427 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e: Plate-shaped members 11a, lib, 11c, lid, lie: Spacers 12b, 12e: Holes 13d, 13e: Holes 14f: Longitudinal orbit 15f : Transverse rail 16f: Short rod-shaped members 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d: Connection flow path 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d: Cooling flow path 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d: Fan 31: Cooling flow path 32: Connection flow path 33: fan 34: air outlet 35: electric wire 36: control section 37: air volume switch 38: timer 39: cloth 40: cooling seat cushion 42: body section 43: seat 43a: edge 44: spacer section 46: control section 47: DC fan 558427 48 Switch 49 Battery 50 Pressure switch 62 Body section 63 Sheet 63a: Edge 64 :: Spacer section 66 :: Control section 67: = Fan 68 :: Air volume switch 69 = Plug 70: Timer 80: Seat 81 = Back 82: Cooling flow path 83: DC fan 84: Air inlet 85: Air inlet 86: Battery 87 • Socket 88: Charger 89: Air volume switch 90: Pressure switch 101: Cooling suit 110: Main unit 111 ^ Control unit 558427 112: Electric wire 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d: Cooling sheet 121: DC fan 122: Air inlet 132: Pull tab 141: Cooling flow path 142: Air inlet 143: Air outlet 144: DC fan 145: Battery 146: Foot Sensor 150: connection flow path 151: fan 152: cooling flow path 160: mat 161: cooling flow path 162 'connection flow path 163: fan 164: socket 165: air volume switch 170: weight 171: cushioning material is preferred Examples Please refer to the following drawings to describe the best mode for carrying out the present invention. Please refer to the following description, the present invention can be applied to bedding, cushions, seat cushions for chairs, chairs, clothes, shoes, etc., these articles are in direct contact with the body when in use, 13 or between the body and the clothing. The present invention utilizes a common cooling effect to form a nearly parallel flat cooling flow path when these articles are close to the body part, and has common structural characteristics. With these cooling flow paths, the air having a lower ambient temperature than the body temperature is roughly equal to the body surface. Circulate in parallel. Therefore, before describing specific embodiments, the characteristics of common cooling action and structure will be described. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the cooling effect of the present invention. Figure (a) is an isotherm curve (dotted line) showing the distribution of temperature in this room when the person is in a room with an original room temperature of 28 ° C (which is roughly the temperature of the bedroom during a boring summer night). ) Sketch map. The temperature of human A is almost constant (assuming 36 ° C), and it is assumed that the air in the room will not convect. The temperature of each part in the room is shown in Figure (a). ° C is the highest, and gradually decreases to around 28 ° C with increasing distance from people. In contrast, figure (b) is an isotherm curve diagram showing a rough temperature distribution when a person is in a room with a room temperature of 20t. As can be seen from the comparison between the graphs (a) and (b) of Fig. 1, the isothermal curves of the graph (b) are closely spaced from each other in the case of the graphs (b) and (a). In other words, when comparing the situation in Figure (b) with Figure U), the temperature gradient in Figure (b) is larger. The magnitude of this temperature gradient will affect the amount of heat released, giving people a greater effect on the feeling of temperature. The person with the larger temperature gradient will emit more heat and feel cooler. The present invention focuses on this, rather than lowering the temperature of the entire room, to form the same air layer as the room on the part of the human body that is very close to the human body surface, and forcibly increases the temperature gradient near the human body surface. Cool. Figure (c) of Figure 1 shows the temperature distribution of an air layer at the same temperature as 28 ° C in a room at 28 ° C near the body of Person A. In this case, 'Although the room temperature is 28 ° C as shown in Figure (a), the isotherm of 28 ° C is very close to the surface of person A', and it can be observed that between person A and the air layer at 28 ° C. Extremely close to "at this temperature gradient" is almost the same as the case of the graph (b) of Fig. 1 at room temperature of 20 ° C. Therefore, if a room-temperature air layer as shown in Fig. 1 (c) can be formed near the body surface 558427, even if the room temperature is 28 ° C, person A can feel the same degree of coolness as in the case of 20C. However, in reality, it is difficult to circulate all the air on the surface of the body, as shown in Figure (c) of Figure 1. However, if a part of the air layer near the body is formed at the same temperature as the room temperature, you can feel this part. Cool. ^ The cooling effect of the present invention has been investigated in some detail. Near the body surface, the same air layer as the air in the room is formed. As shown in Figure 2, an air flow path is formed near the body surface. At this time, the air flow in the room parallel to the body surface is sufficient. At this time, if the flow rate of the flowing air per unit time is small, the air discharged from the self-flow path will warm up and reduce the cooling effect. In addition, among the members constituting the cooling flow path, if the inner side of the member is in contact with the body, if the thermal resistance (degree of difficulty in conducting heat) is large, the air flowing from the body cannot efficiently dissipate the heat. It is assumed that the flow velocity of the flowing air in the cooling flow path is infinite and the material close to the body has zero thermal resistance and will have an ideal state. In this ideal state, the air in a room at 28 ° C is as shown in Figure 2. The flow path flows. Assuming this is the case, the body surface temperature is fixed at 28 ° C, and the heat from the inside of the body is abruptly deprived, resulting in an extreme cooling effect. To be able to approach this ideal state, first of all, there must be a high velocity air flow near the body surface. For this purpose, the thickness of the flow path must be very thin. _ However, in order to achieve high flow rates, the thickness of the cooling flow path must be thin. Due to the viscosity of the main air, high pressure is required for air to flow into the cooling flow path. Figure 3 shows two aluminum plates arranged in parallel and overlapping, 500mm long and 250mm wide. The two ends of the long side are open together. The air between the two side parts will not leak. The interval between the two aluminum plates is changed. The fan is used. It is a schematic diagram of the experimental result of investigating the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet by flowing at a rate of 1 liter per second in the long side direction. In Fig. 3, the horizontal axis is the interval d [mm] 'between the two name plates and the vertical axis is the pressure difference p [mmH20]. At 15 558427, there is 1 mmH20 = 9 between the pressure unit [mmH20] and lamt. 672x lOAtm relationship. Since the air supply amount is fixed, as shown in Fig. 3, when the interval d is small, the air velocity is large. At high speeds, there is friction between the viscous air and the inner wall, so the circulating air experiences a large resistance. Therefore, in order to increase the flow velocity, the thickness of the cooling flow path must be thin. As shown in Fig. 3, the necessary pressure is increased sharply. If the pressure exceeds the level of pressure, a special fan is required, and the extra cost is increased, and the problems of large power consumption and noise cannot be ignored. Due to these circumstances, it is not practical for the thickness of the cooling flow path to be less than 2 mm. In general, when the thickness of the cooling flow path is too large, the cooling effect will be weakened. In order to form the cooling flow path, the strength requirements of the spacers used also increase. For the embodiment, the actual level of 20-30 planes is the upper limit. In addition, the side of the cooling flow path which is in contact with the body is formed into a sheet-like material to prevent the air flowing from the flow path to the body surface from leaking out. In this case, the thickness of the sheet needs to be limited to various conditions. First of all, the thermal resistance must be small, and from the viewpoint of the cooling flow avoiding the approach to the body, the thin sheet can only be achieved. Generally, in the case where the bedding, mat, etc. of the present invention is applied, in order to form a spacer spreading in the cooling flow path, the body has a rough feeling. In order to make it soft and have a low thermal resistance, the sheet member The thickness is preferably thin enough, and the upper limit of the thickness of the sheet member is about 5 mm. In addition, the inside of the cooling flow path, a sheet made of cloth on one side in contact with the body, the moisture emitted from the body passes through the sheet on the side of the cooling flow path, and the circulating air is thus carried out. Sweating caused by comfortable sweat. Next, the relationship between the amount of air flowing in the cooling flow path and the amount of heat absorption will be described. The inventor and other group Z carried out experiments on bedding. People were sleeping in a room at 27 ° C on a bed of 558427 air circulation type. The air in this room just flows at a rate of 5 liters per second. Is 30. For 1 liter of air, a 1 degree increase in temperature requires approximately 0. 3 calories (calorie), in this state, for 1 hour of continuous air flow, absorbed from the body about 16. 2 仟 Calu. In addition, considering the vaporization heat absorbed from the surroundings when sweat is vaporized, if it has such a degree of endothermic effect, it can ensure a comfortable sleep even in a room at 27 ° C. In addition, if the air flow rate is 5 liters per second, a 60-angle (60mm x 60mm) axial flow fan is sufficient. Next, with regard to the spacer for forming a cooling flow path near the body surface, general matters common to the respective embodiments will be described later. Spacers must be formed to form the cooling flow path. The weight of the sheets is too heavy to support the person's bedding. Too heavy weight is acceptable, and the pillows are in the middle position. They have different necessary strengths. . In the form of this embodiment, no matter which embodiment is used, each spacer is formed integrally on a plate-shaped member using a planar spacer. The planar spacer is formed of injection-molded soft plastic 'or rubber, and thus has a low manufacturing cost. Figures U) to (f) of Fig. 4 respectively show a part of various spacers in the embodiment to be used later. The upper part is a plan view of the planar spacer. The lower part is a horizontal perspective view. Hereinafter, the planar spacers in FIGS. U) to (f) are referred to as “a-type” to “f-type”, respectively. In Fig. 4, for the a-type planar spacer, the plate-shaped member 10a is a common member, and each of the spacers 11a formed on the plate-shaped member 10a is formed by a thin rod-like protrusion. Therefore, each of the spacers Ha and the plate-like member 10a are integrally formed. In this regard, the following types are also the same. Regarding the b-type planar spacer ', the structure of each spacer 11b is the same as that of Fig. (A). A plurality of holes 12b are designed in these formed plate-like members. With this design, the planar spacer can be lightweight, 17 558427, and can be increased in flexibility. Each of the spacers 11c formed on the plate-like member 10c of the C-shaped planar spacers 'is a plate-like protrusion', and each is arranged laterally in the longitudinal direction. As for the d-shaped planar spacer, the spacer 11d 'formed by each plate-shaped protrusion has a lateral direction and a longitudinal direction with respect to the long side. For this type of planar spacer, holes are designed on each plate spacer as shown in the figure below. All these air and gas flows are good, and the weight and flexibility are improved. For the e-shaped plane-shaped spacers, each spacer lie formed by plate-shaped protrusions is designed to be horizontal and vertical to the long side direction. In each plate-shaped spacer lie, each hole 13e ° is designed. A plurality of holes 12e are designed between the spacers. According to this, the planar spacer is further reduced in weight and flexibility. The f-type planar spacers are different from the a-e types in that each spacer in which a fixed pattern is arranged on a plate-like member has a structure. In other words, a vertical rail 14f 'is designed on the upper side, a horizontal rail 15f is designed on the lower side, the vertical rail 14f intersects the horizontal rail 15f, and a structure of a short rod-shaped member 16f is designed at the junction of the upper and lower rails 14f and 15f. The f-type has the feature that its function does not change even if it is turned upside down. In addition,. For plate-shaped members, each of a to e type of planar spacers is arranged on the plate-shaped member, and it is common to wear it on one side of one of the protruding front ends of the plate-shaped member 10a and the like. The planar spacers, such as plate-shaped members 10a, can be formed into large holes 12b and 12d, which can also be turned upside down. Among the above-mentioned planar spacers, the planar spacers of type a, b, and f are suitable for embodiments with less load. In general, planar spacers of the c-type, d-type, and e-type can carry a large load. In addition, the f-type has the highest flexibility and lightest weight, followed by the b-type and e-type. In consideration of the above features, it is decided in the embodiment which type of spacer is desired to be considered. Moreover, the planar spacers used do not necessarily need to be all integrated, and a plurality of 18,558,427 parts can also be used separately, and the present invention also includes this technical scope. In addition, in the case of bedding, etc., in order to suppress the uncomfortable feeling of each spacer, a mesh-like material may be inserted between the sheet on one side of the body contact and the spacer. In addition, in the above-mentioned various types of planar spacers, how to design the arrangement density of each spacer and the same interval of each spacer needs to be determined in consideration of material strength, the shape of each spacer, and which embodiment is applied. It is important that the flowing air has a low viscosity impedance between the spacers. If the viscous impedance is large, a large pressure will occur and a large fan will be required. Therefore, problems such as increased power consumption and noise generation will occur. As a result of the experiment, when the spacer FR of each spacer is less than 31ΏΙΪ1, and the airflow of the practical range of the air flow rate, it can be seen that the viscosity resistance 41 significantly increases. For this reason, where is Wang i on the planar spacer? It can be seen that there must be a vacant part with a gap of more than 2mm, and air can flow through it. It is best to design the distance between each spacer and each other in this way. Configuration. Next, the "connection flow path" is explained. The design position of the fan, whether it is on the inlet side or the outlet side of the cooling flow path (when it is designed on the inlet side, it is turned from the surrounding suction to the cooling flow path and is blown out. Road, sucking, turning in the direction of blowing out), for the choice of fans, especially for the use of large areas such as bedding, sheets, pads, etc., if you consider the air supply, power consumption, noise and other issues, it is best to use axial flow fans . In addition, from the economic point of view, compared with the design using a large number of fans with a small power, it is best to use a fan with a certain degree of power, or the system only uses a few fans. In this case, the diameter of the fan is larger than the thickness of the cooling flow path. In addition, the width of the cooling flow path is much larger than the diameter of the fan. For this reason, there must be space between one side of the fan and the cooling flow path for the two to be smoothly connected. This is referred to as the "connection flow path" in this manual. The diagrams (a) to (d) of FIG. 5 are diagrams showing various types of connection portions. 19 558427 The top view is a plan view, and the bottom view is a section view. In Figure 5, arrows indicate the direction of air flow. In Fig. 5 (a), the connection flow path 20a is provided on the left side of the cooling flow path 21a. The lower end portion of the connection flow path 20a is provided with a fan 22a. The fan 22a rotates the air sucked in from the surroundings in the direction of the connection flow path 20a. The flow direction of the air at the connection portion connecting the flow path and the cooling flow path is changed by about 90 degrees, and flows laterally from the left to the right of the cooling flow path 21a. In Fig. 5 (b), a fan 22b is provided on the left side of the cooling flow path 21b and in the center of the connection flow path 20b. The fan 22b sucks air from the cooling flow path 21b and the connection flow path 20b, and then rotates in a direction of discharging air. In the figure (c) of FIG. 5, the connection flow path 20c is designed on the left side of the cooling flow path 21c. The connection flow path 20c starts from the fan 22c, and in the cooling flow path 21c, the width gradually increases. (D) of FIG. 5 shows an example in which the fan 22d is designed at the center of the cooling flow path 21d. In the case where the diameter of the fan 22d is not significantly different from the thickness of the cooling flow path 2Id, as shown in Figure 5 (d), the fan is located at the bottom of the center of the cooling flow path, or it can be designed from the end to the center. bottom of. In this case, the direction of rotation of the fan is the direction in which air is drawn in from the cooling flow path and discharged downward. In the case of FIG. 5 (d), it can be considered that the surrounding portion of the fan 22d is a connection flow path 20d. Next, the relationship between the air volume of the fan and the net pressure when the surrounding air flows through the cooling flow path will be described. Figure 6 is about 109P0412H302 electric fan (40 angle, 28mm thick) manufactured by Shanyang Electric Company. The horizontal axis uses mVmin as the unit of air volume and the vertical axis uses mmH20 as the unit of net pressure. In addition, the air volume of 0.3 ir ^ / min on the horizontal axis is equivalent to 5 liters per second when the air volume is converted in seconds. As shown in Figure 6, the high voltage applied to the fan increases both the net pressure and the air volume. However, if the voltage is still high, the noise level will increase, and using sleep 558427 will prevent sleep. Therefore, when using bedding and mats, the supply voltage should be less than 12V, and the net pressure should be controlled to less than 3mmH20. In addition, for items other than these, such as clothes, shoes, seat cushions, chairs, etc., the net pressure is preferably below 5mmH20. In this specification, the "pressure of the fan" means a pressure difference between the pressure around the room and the pressure of the connection flow path. Hereinafter, detailed embodiments applicable to various specific articles of the present invention will be described. [Embodiment 1] Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a cooling device when cooling bedding according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure U) is a plan view, and Figure (b) is a side view of the cooling bedding of Figure (a) as viewed from the left. In the cooling bedding of the present embodiment, a cooling flow path 31 is supported on a cushion 30. As shown in Fig. 7 (a), a supine person has a connecting flow path 32 on the right side, and a 60-angle fan 33 is designed at the end of the connecting flow path 32 in the foot side direction. In the cooling flow path 31, one side (the right side of the person sleeping) of the connection flow path 32 is designed as an air flow inlet, and the other side is an air flow outlet 34. As shown in FIG. 7 (b), a downward air outlet 34 is provided on the side of the mat. An air outlet is provided in the sheets to prevent clogging. In addition, the fan 33 is designed in the direction of the foot of the person who is sleeping because of the consideration of noise. Regarding this embodiment, if the bedding to which the present invention is applied, it is preferable to use an axial flow fan in consideration of such problems as a small amount of noise, ensuring a necessary amount of air, and reducing air leakage from the sheets. The electric wire 35 is interposed between the fan 33 and the control unit 36 and connects the two. The control unit 36 is provided with an air volume switch 37 and a timer 38. The air volume switch 37 can switch the operation of the fan on / off, and can change the rotation speed to adjust the air volume. Although the person going to bed can arbitrarily decide the use of the timer 38, in order to prevent overcooling, the fan 33 preferably stops automatically after a certain period of time to reduce the amount of air supply. In this embodiment, the cooling flow path 31 may use a c-shaped planar 21 558427 spacer as shown in FIG. 4. In this case, considering the flow direction of the air, the long-side direction of each spacer lie faces the wide-side direction of the bedding. The spacer 39 is covered with the spacer, and the upper and lower end portions are connected to the corresponding end portions of the planar spacer. Thus, the fan 33 attracts the surrounding air, flows through the connection flow path 32, enters the cooling flow path 31, and flows from the right side to the left side of the person sleeping. At this time, an air layer with the same temperature as the surrounding air can be formed near the back of the person who is sleeping. The temperature gradient in this part is large, and the person who sleeps will feel cool. However, even if the cloth 39 uses a high-density cloth (ICM uses approximately 300 silk woven fabrics), due to the large area, the pressure behind the fan 33, that is, the portion connecting the flow path 32 is too high, and most of them The problem of air leaking on the way. In addition, if the pressure is too high, the problem of noise will become more significant. Therefore, in order to keep the air volume under low pressure, for example, an air volume of about 5 liters per second, it is advantageous if the thickness of the cooling flow path 31 is large. For example, if the thickness is 10 to 15 mm, it can be ensured at low pressure Air volume. However, when the air volume is small and the noise countermeasure of the fan 33 is strengthened, if a high-density cloth made of high-pressure resistant yarn is used, the thickness of the cooling flow path 31 can be as thin as 3 mm. In this way, even if the thickness of the cooling flow path 31 is thin, the pressure in the connection flow path after the fan 33 is as low as 5mmH20. Furthermore, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the c-type planar spacer in Fig. 4 is placed on the rafter 30, and thus the cooling flow path 31 is formed. However, if the used cushion 30 is formed of, for example, a sponge made of urethane, instead of the spacer separated from the cushion 30, the ridge projections are integrally formed at the upper portion of the cushion 30. If this spacer is used, The cooling flow path 31 can also be formed by covering a cloth thereon. [Embodiment 2] Fig. 8 shows a cooling device when the seat cushion for a chair is cooled according to the present invention. Figure (a) is a plan view, and Figure (b) is a cross-sectional view of the cooling seat cushion of Figure (a) cut in the center. Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which the seat cushion for a chair of this embodiment is placed on a chair. 22 558427 Can be used whether placed on a bench, sofa, etc. The cooling seat cushion 40 in this embodiment is composed of a basic body portion 42 and a seat i. The main body portion 42 is composed of a square spacer portion 44 having a length of 400 mm and a width of 400 mm, and a control portion 46 designed on the rear side of the spacer portion 44. A plurality of protruding spacers are designed on the surface of the spacer portion 44. The body portion 42 composed of the spacer portion 44 and the control portion 46 is made of soft plastic by injection molding. If you consider using it on a chair, the overall size is about 500mm long and 500mm wide. Here, the shape of the spacer portion 44 is the e-shape of FIG. 4. Although the cooling effect is high when the thickness is thin and the flow rate is fast, the battery consumption must be considered, and the thickness cannot be made too thin. The thickness of the cooling flow path is at least about 2 mm. 0 The seat 43 is bag-shaped and covers the entire spacer portion 44 except for the control portion 46. However, in Fig. 8, the right edge 43a is opened for drawing in air. The material of the seat 43 may be any material that is easily permeable to water vapor, and for example, the above-mentioned high-density cotton cloth or general cloth can be used. In addition, instead of the bag-shaped seat 43, the seat 43 and the spacer 44 may be glued together in the upper edge portion and the lower edge portion in FIG. 8 (a). The control section 46 is provided with a 40-angle DC fan 47, a switch 48, and a battery 49. The battery 49 can use ordinary dry batteries. When it is not possible to use dry electric parameters in the cooling seat cushion, it is best to have a rechargeable battery. You can first prepare a commercial power source for charging. A pressure switch 50 is designed approximately at the center of the main body portion 42. When the switch 48 and the pressure switch 50 are connected in series and both are on, the battery supplies power to the DC fan 47. The portion where the control section 46 is designed may also have a connection flow path between the DC fan 47 and the cooling flow path. When the cooling seat cushion 40 is used, as shown in Fig. 9, the control portion 46 can be placed on the rear portion (back side) of the chair. Generally, although the air outlet of the DC fan 47 is directed downward, it can be used by turning over according to the structure of a chair. In this state, a person sits on the chair 23 558427 and the child 41, and senses that the sitting sensor such as the pressure switch 50 is turned on. When the right switch 48 is turned on, the DC fan 47 rotates in a direction in which ambient air is drawn in from the edge 43a on the right side of the seat 43. After the air sucked in from the edge 43 a flows through the cooling flow path of the spacer portion 44, it is discharged downward by the DC fan 47. The air circulation is about 1 liter per second. A small 40-angle fan is sufficient for this level of air circulation. When a person sits on, the air that is lower than the body temperature flows under the hips. For a person sitting on a chair, the temperature gradient on the hips is high. Therefore, even if sitting for a long time, the temperature at the hip contact area will not It is warm because of body temperature, and you can feel comfortable. Moreover, in this embodiment, there are many holes in the bottom plate, and an e-type spacer is used, and the cooling seat cushion is turned over and used, and a sufficient cooling effect can also be obtained. [Embodiment 3] Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a mat used on a sofa and a bed, and a cooling mat suitable for Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure (a) is a plan view, and figure (b) is a cross-sectional view of the cooling mat of figure (a). Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing cooling a part of the body. As shown in Fig. 11, the cooling pad of this embodiment can cool the upper body of the body when the person lies on the bed and the sofa. The basic structure of the cooling mat 60 in this embodiment is approximately the same as that of the cooling seat cushion in the second embodiment, and is basically composed of two parts, a main body portion 62 and a sheet 63. The main body portion 62 is a rectangular spacer portion 64 having a length of 450 mm and a width of 900 mm. A plurality of spacers are provided on the surface side of the spacer portion 64. A control portion 66 is provided on the rear side of the spacer portion 64. Made in one piece. The spacer portion 64 is an e-type spacer shown in FIG. 4. For the same reason as the aforementioned cooling seat cushion, the thickness of the cooling flow path is in the range of about 2 mm to 30 mm, and it is more appropriate to be about 6 mm. The sheet 63 is bag-shaped and covers the entire spacer portion 64 except for the control portion 66. 24 558427 However, in order to inhale air, the edge 63a on the right side of FIG. 10 is opened. The material of the sheet 63 may be any material that is easily permeated by water vapor, and for example, the aforementioned high-density cotton cloth or general cloth can be used. Further, instead of the bag-shaped sheet 63, if only the upper portion of the spacer portion 64 is covered, both side portions of the spacer portion 64 may be connected together. The control section 66 is provided with a 50-angle fan 67, an air volume switch 68, a connection plug 69 for a commercial power source, and a timer 70. The control unit 66 may also have a connection flow path between the fan 67 and the cooling flow path. Although the recumbent person can arbitrarily decide how to use the timer 70, in order to prevent overcooling, the fan will automatically stop after a certain period of time to reduce the amount of air supply. As shown in Figure 11, the cooling cushion is placed on the bed or sofa, below the person's upper body. In general, when the cooling seat cushion is placed on a bed or the like, the blowout port of the fan 67 can be placed upward, and it can be used even if it is turned over. When the air volume switch 68 is turned on, the fan 67 operates in a direction in which ambient air is drawn in from the edge 63a on the right side of the sheet 63. The air sucked in from the edge 63a flows in the cooling flow path formed by the spacer portion 64, and is discharged upward from the fan 67. The amount of air circulating is about 3 liters per second. To circulate this level of air, a small fan of 50 degrees is sufficient. When a person is lying on the cooling mat 60, the air with a temperature lower than the body temperature flows around the back and the abdomen, and the temperature gradient near the person's back and belly is high. Because of body temperature and warmth, you can sleep comfortably. Furthermore, in this embodiment, 'there are many holes in the bottom plate, and using an e-type spacer, even if the cooling mat is turned over and used', a considerable cooling effect can be obtained. In the modified example of this embodiment, the 'spacer portion 64' may also be formed of a mat-like material. On this mat-like material, 'each spacer is integrally formed' and a sheet is formed thereon to form a cooling flow path. 25 558427 [Embodiment 4] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a cooling chair according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Figure 13 is a rear view of the lacquer cooling chair. As shown in FIG. 12, in the cooling chair of this embodiment, a cooling flow path 82 is formed inside the seat portion 80 and the seat back 81, and a 50-angle DC fan 83 is provided at a connection portion between the seat portion 80 and the back 81. 83 binds in the direction that the air is spitting outward. Under normal operating conditions, the proper air volume is about 2 liters per second. A plurality of air inlets 84 are provided at the bottom portion in front of the seat portion 80, and a plurality of inlets 85 are provided at the rear portion of the upper end portion of the seat back. The inflow port 84 designed at the bottom of the front of the seat portion 80 should avoid blocking of feet, clothes, and the like. The cooling flow path 82 is designed on the cushion of the seat portion 80 and the seat back 81. When the person sits on the cushion, the cushion can feel the elasticity of the cushion. In the cooling chair of this embodiment, a spacer forming the cooling flow path 82 is used. In order to support the weight of a person, a c-type spacer shown in Fig. 4 can be used. If the thickness of the cooling flow path 82 is thin, the pressure becomes high, and the consumption of the battery 86 becomes large, and the boundary area of the thickness is about 2 mm. In addition, the thickness exceeds 30 mm, and the cooling principle in this way is not practical. The practical thickness is about 5nm. Further, as shown in FIG. 12, a cushion made of urethane is usually added to a seat portion of a chair. Therefore, the spacer on the cushion is integrally formed, and it may be added to the seat portion. Of course, the spacers can also be formed separately and added to the mat. A battery 86 for supplying power to the DC fan 83 is provided inside the seat back 81. When the chair is not in use, the charger 88 inserted into the socket 87 with a plug can be charged with a commercial power source. In the center portion of the seat portion 80, a pressure switch 90 is provided, which is turned on when a person sits. The air volume switch 89 is provided on the rear side of the seat 80, and a pressure switch is connected in series. When the pressure switch is turned on when a person sits on, the DC fan 83 will rotate if the air volume switch 89 is turned on. The number of revolutions can be changed with the air volume switch, so it can be adjusted to 26 558427 air volume. When a person sits on the cooling chair of this embodiment, the air with a temperature lower than the body temperature flows through the cooling flow path 82 under the hips and the back, and the temperature gradient between the hips and the back of the sitting person is high. , The temperature of the contact part of the buttocks and the back will not become warm because of the body temperature, and the disorder can be very comfortable. [Embodiment 5] Fig. 14 is a perspective view showing a wearing state when cooling clothes according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 14 ', the cooling suit 101 of this embodiment has a vest-type body portion 110, and an electric wire 112 is connected from the control portion 111 to the body portion 110. The main body portion 110 is like an ordinary vest. The front fasteners 132 are opened, the wrists are passed through the sleeves, and the fasteners 132 are pulled again. The main body 110 is provided with two front sheets, two rear sheets, and a total of four cooling sheets 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d (the illustration of the rear 120c and 120d is omitted). These cooling flakes are each independent. By designing a plurality of cooling fins in this way, spacers are relatively easy to form. It is assumed that if the garment is composed entirely of a cooling sheet, it is difficult and impractical to form a soft and cleverly fitted body spacer. In the main body portion 110, portions other than the cooling sheets 120a to 120d are made of stretchable cloth, for example, made of spandex polyurethane. This stretchable fabric is sewn and connected to four cooling sheets 120a to 120d to form a vest-type cooling garment 101. In this case, the stretchable fabric can be slightly stretched when worn, and the inside of the cooling sheet 120 can be tightly worn on the wearer. A DC fan 121 is designed on the upper part of the four cooling sheets 120a to 120d, and a plurality of air inlets 122 are designed on the lower part. In addition, a cooling flow path is formed between the air suction port 122 and the DC fan 121. The DC fan rotates in the direction that the air is blown out. In other words, if the DC fan 121 rotates, air is sucked in from the 27 558427 air intake port 122, rises through the cooling flow path, and is discharged from the DC fan i2i. For each cooling sheet, the DC fan 121 can be attached and detached using a magic tape or the like. When washing the cooling clothes, the DC fan 121 can be easily removed, which is quite convenient. The control unit 111 is provided with a battery 125 and an air volume switch 126. The battery 125 can be a general dry battery or a rechargeable battery. The function of the air volume switch 126 is the same as in the previous embodiments. In this embodiment, as the spacer for forming the cooling flow path, a b-type spacer of FIG. 4 is used. In addition, the spacer of the clothes is not subjected to a large load, and it is advantageous to use a light weight. In the form of this embodiment, the b-type planar spacer of Fig. 4 can be produced by injection molding using a thermoplastic elastomer (elastomer). The spacer is covered with fine cloth to form a cooling flow path. After being formed, thermoplastics have the properties of rubber and have considerable elasticity. If the consumption of the battery 125 is considered, the limit of the thickness of the cooling flow path is about 2 minutes. When the cooling suit 101 of this embodiment is put on, if the air volume switch 126 is turned on and the DC fan 121 is rotated, air will be sucked in from the air suction port 122 and rise through the cooling flow path. At this time, an air layer having the same temperature as the surrounding air is formed near the body surface, and the temperature gradient near the body surface becomes large. Therefore, even if the surrounding temperature is 30 ° C, the wearer can feel cool and comfortable. [Embodiment 6] Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a case where a shoe is cooled according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 15, the cooling shoe 140 of this embodiment is provided with a cooling flow path 141 at a sole portion, an air suction port 142 at a toe portion, and an air flow at a heel portion of the shoe. The outlet 143 and the DC fan 144 rotate in a direction in which the air is discharged toward the rear side of the heel of the shoe. A battery 145 for supplying power to the DC fan 144 is provided at the heel portion of the shoe. The battery 145 may be a general dry battery or a rechargeable battery. 28 558427 In the cooling shoe 140 of this embodiment, the spacer is integrally formed on the cushion material of the sole, and the insole is placed on it to form a cooling flow path 141. However, the cushion material and the spacer of the sole may be formed separately. In the cooling shoe 140 of this embodiment, a foot sensor 146 is provided on a bottom portion (on the insole) of the shoe. The sensor is a switch that turns on when the foot is in the shoe, and turns off when the shoe is off. Therefore, when the foot is not put into the shoe, useless power can be wasted. The foot sensor 146 may use, for example, a pressure switch, and different identification items may be contained in the shoes, and is not limited to the pressure switch. If the cooling shoe H0 of this embodiment is put on, the foot sensor 146 is turned on, and the DC fan 144 is rotated. Then, the air is sucked in from the air suction port 142, and flows to the left through the cooling flow path. At this time, an air layer having the same temperature as the air is formed near the surface of the foot, and the temperature gradient in this part becomes large. Therefore, even in the hot weather in summer, the inside of the shoe is not stuffy, and it can feel very comfortable. [Embodiment 7] Fig. 16 is a plan view showing a sheet suitable for cooling a bedding according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a spacer structure. As in section 16. As shown in the figure, when the person's head is in the lower position of the figure and he is lying on his back, he has a connection flow path 150 on the right side of the person's body. Flow fan 151. The cooling flow path 152 has an air flow inlet on the side where the connection flow path 150 is provided, and an air flow outlet on the opposite side. The fan 151 is installed on the foot side of the person who is sleeping, considering the problem of L noise. The total size of the cooling flow path 152 and the connection flow path 150 is, for example, 1800 mm in length and 1200 min in width. As shown in FIG. 17, in this embodiment, the planar spacers of FIG. 4 b which are slightly deformed may be used as the planar spacers. The holes of this planar spacer are not circular, but quadrangular, and can be made lighter. The planar spacer is entirely covered with a bag-like cloth to form a cooling flow path 152. Attracted by the fan 151 from the surroundings, the air entering the connection flow path 150 in 29 558427 flows laterally in the cooling flow path 152 and finally flows out of the outlet on the opposite side of the cooling flow path 152. As a result, an air layer having the same temperature as the surrounding air is formed near the body surface of the person who is sleeping, and the temperature gradient becomes high, which makes it comfortable even on hot nights. For forming the bag-like cloth used for the cooling flow path 152, the aforementioned high-density cloth is preferably used. JE uses high-density cloth, and the overall area is very large. After the fan 151, that is, the part connecting the flow path 150, once the pressure becomes vortex high, most of the air will leak out on the way. In addition, if the pressure is too high, the problem of noise will become apparent. Therefore, under low pressure, in order to ensure a sufficient air volume of, for example, leap seconds $ liters, the thickness of the cooling flow path 15 is large. For example, if the thickness is about 10 to 15 mm, sufficient air volume can be ensured at low pressures. However, if the air volume is not reduced, the noise countermeasures of the fan 151 can be strengthened. In addition, in order to withstand higher pressure, a higher density cloth is used, and the thickness of the cooling flow path 152 can be as thin as about 3 imn. In addition, even if the cooling current is surged like this, the pressure limit after the fan 151 is about 5mmH20. In addition, in this embodiment, a timer is preferably provided in order to prevent the person to sleep from becoming too cold. The person at bed can arbitrarily decide whether or not to use a timer. In order to prevent over-cooling, the fan will stop automatically after a certain period of time to reduce the amount of air supply. [Embodiment 8]-Fig. 18 is a schematic view showing a pillow applied when cooling bedding according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention. (A) is a sectional view, and (b) is a plan view. Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a soundproofing measure of the DC fan. ^ In the cooling bedding of this embodiment, a cooling flow path 161 is placed on the mat 160. The upper part (b) of Fig. 18 (the left part of Fig. 18 (a)) is provided with a connection flow path 162, and a 50-angle DC fan ι63 is provided in the central part. The DC fan 163 is an axial fan. The air is sucked in from below, sent out to the connection flow 558427 passage 162, the cooling flow passage 161, and then discharged from the opposite side, and the DC fan runs in this direction. In this embodiment, as the spacer forming the cooling flow path 161, a d-type planar spacer of Fig. 4 can be used. The planar spacers are manufactured by injection molding of soft polyethylene. The mat 160 and the spacer are not separated, but the upper part of the rafter 160 and the spacer are integrally molded using the same material, and the sheet-shaped% parts are covered thereon to form a cooling flow path 161. ^ As shown in (b) of Figure 18, the side of the pillow is provided with a socket 164 through which a DC adapter is inserted, and a DC fan 63 receives electric power from there. An air volume switch 165 is provided on the same side portion of the pillow. The air volume switch 165 can turn on / off the operation of the fan ', and can change the rotation speed for air volume adjustment. Next, referring to Fig. 19, the noise prevention measures for the DC fan 163 will be described. Even a small amount of vibrations in the pillows used during sleep can prevent good sleep. For this reason, it is important to suppress the sound of vibration caused by the rotation of the fan and not hinder good sleep. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 19, a weight 170 such as iron is wound around the DC fan 163. Accordingly, the amplitude of the 镛 of the vibration can be small. In addition, a DC fan 163 wound with a heavy object Π0 may be provided with a gel-like cushioning material 171, and the device is connected to the flow path 162. In this way, even if the DC fan 163 is rotated, a state of almost no noise can be achieved. The pillow for cooling bedding in this embodiment carries the head when going to bed, the air volume switch 165 is turned on, and the DC fan is rotated. Then, the air is sucked in from the air intake port under the direct control of the DC fan 163, passes through the connection flow path 162 and the cooling flow path 161, and circulates to the right side of FIG. 18 (a). At this time, an air layer with the same temperature as the surrounding air is formed near the surface of the head, and the temperature gradient in this part will become larger. Therefore, you can feel comfortable even in the hot weather in summer. As explained above, when using the cooling device of the present invention for cooling bedding, cooling seat cushions, 31 558427 cooling mats, cooling chairs, cooling clothes, and cooling shoes, when the overall temperature in the room cannot be lowered, it is near the body surface. It forms an air layer with the same temperature as the room, and the temperature gradient near the surface of the body is forced to increase, so the amount of heat released increases to cool the body. For this reason, there is no need for an air-conditioning device, which reduces costs, does not feel uncomfortable by being directly blown by cold air, and can feel natural coolness. Industrial application possibility As explained above, the present invention forms a substantially parallel flat cooling flow path near the body. In this cooling flow path, approximately parallel to the body surface, air with a lower ambient temperature than the body temperature is circulated. , Use the cooling effect to cool the body. This cooling effect can be applied to bedding, cushions, seat cushions for chairs, chairs, clothes, shoes, etc. 32