TW557606B - Improved waveguide for a traveling wave antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

A travelling waveguide antenna has top and bottom spaced plates, the top plate having radiating apertures extending therethrough. The apertures have inclined surfaces facing one another to provide an outward flare of the apertures.

Description

557606

<Technical Field> The present invention relates to a traveling wave antenna which has a low profile in height and thickness and can provide wideband operation. The antenna includes a TEM mode for propagation. The present invention also relates to a method such as a waveguide having a profile and a wide bandwidth at a relatively low cost. Low and High <Related Art> It is well known that traveling wave antennas use waveguides. That is suitable for applications where the overall thickness of the waveguide must be kept to an absolute minimum ^. As an example of automotive applications, it is best to keep the antenna in a straight shape. However, the 'antenna must be invisible and this imposes a strict restriction of about one inch on the travelling wave' 2 degrees. How orthotropic is thick? Figures 1 and 2 schematically illustrate a line travelling antenna. The wave travelling antenna includes upper conduction. The plate 2 and the lower conductive plate 3, and the "_" ... to produce "broad wave = the upper hole position 5 extends almost across the entire width of the upper plate 2 = the amount of its design for the desired antenna: ^ ^ The first 疋 must maintain the low profile or thickness t of the waveguide 1. 'In the first?: The upper plate; the product ϊ 1: expressed as a rectangular narrow with a constant width w: Λ about λ / 4, where λ is the incident The wavelength of the energy. _Emission: Denier: The example shows in Figure 3 that the adjustment of the waveguide is "" ... the rectangular apertures 5a, 56 of different visibility and height are along the waveguide.

557606 V. Description of Invention (2) · --- Provided. The different angles of the apertures are achieved by opening a step on the upper plate of each aperture. By adjusting the aperture of 5 people and the redundant width and height, it can be transmitted to various forms of amplitude and phase. However, relatively narrow-band slits: anti-resistance is produced. Furthermore, the '@' impedance value is limited and may not provide the desired radiation performance. For this reason, this antenna structure usually results in a small bandwidth. Fig. 4 shows a modified embodiment in which a fixed-aperture aperture is provided and the width of the aperture is variable. Specifically, the top plate of the waveguide is formed by the lower plate member and the upper plate member 2 '', and each member corresponds to a rectangular and 5 &quot;. By adjusting the width of the rectangular apertures 5, and 5 ", the radiant energy of the waveguide can be adjusted. Each plate member 2, and 2" has a thickness of approximately Λ / 4. The rectangular apertures 5 and 5 formed in the plate members 2 'and 2 "are rectangular slits having parallel planes. The width of the apertures 5 and 5 ”can be changed along the long side of the waveguide. The apertures ^ 5 and 5π are aligned with each other to provide an overall stepped aperture. The internal aperture I is formed by the aperture 5 and the larger external aperture width is formed by the aperture 5. "form. Although this embodiment provides an aperture with a fixed height and a wide range of aperture impedances, the entire limb and the top plate have a doubled degree of south 'so that the waveguide cannot be used where the thickness is chosen.

Various other waveguide aperture designs can be known from the following examples: US patent numbers 5, 2 6 6, 9 6 1 and 5. 3 4 9. 3 6 3; Green: ft cylinder β L

557606 V. Description of the invention (3) &lt; Summary of the invention> The antenna of the present invention can avoid heart = 2 supply :: 2 traveling wave antennas are changed, and the broadband performance of the impedance is shown. It has a wide range of apertures, and a clear, traveling wave antenna. In addition, a waveguide is provided to maintain a low profile height. The thickness of the top plate can be maintained at about 4/4. To provide-direction; [open aperture is formed by slanting the opposite surface, adjust the aperture width center: =: a large range of aperture impedance can have quite: ΓΓΓ distribution part and this pair-given U / 4, Then-has a small: it ΐ: /: If the thickness of the top plate is maintained ... = the opposite is required to produce extremely low light-on characteristic energy or a large antenna attached to the feed end. If Ϋ 丨 the load needs high coupling near the feed end, a larger one :: f is larger and provides-a small external opening angle. If the aperture and the external opening self / fan, and spoon coupling will be fed in End, and vice versa: a smaller level of light fit. With a moderately small, where the local efficiency waveguide can be obtained. According to this: the two have a low profile height while maintaining a low profile height. It can be seen that the aperture impedance of the rail enclosure can be the angle of expansion in the specific embodiment of the present invention. Holes &lt; Workers have between 5 and 90 degrees It is also possible to provide a negative external floor splay. This creates a low coupling, these two /? Diameters, where the opening is useful. — Very large antennas after $

557606 V. Description of the invention (4) 0 1 λ to λ / hang 2 I: = Used &amp; ′ The aperture has a pitch or width between 0 · U i Α main eight / 2 on the lower surface of the top plate. "= White: The external surface can be flat or curved. In the case of curved surfaces, the external non-linearity can be, for example, an exponential curve or a quadratic curve. <Details> Make changes ^ I: The description of the drawings in the preferred embodiment of the invention is ρ a = ΐ, and Tian Shu. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be limited to the embodiments described later. The thickness is prepared. The incident energy is from the left end of Figure 5: the right end is emitted. The radiant energy is from the top plate 2. The spaced aperture t 1 is provided on the inner surface 23 of the top plate 20 compared to the outer surface of the top plate 20, and 孔径 ^ is ^, and the aperture 22 will follow The use conditions provide a change in the radiant energy of the waveguide 21. 1) What is the condition? The uniform thickness and holding of the large plate 20 is about λ / 4, and ff is taken to be a small overall height. The parameter for adjusting the radiant energy is the hole position on the top plate 20 The width of the inner surface and the opening angle α of the side of the aperture 22. In the preferred embodiment of this description, the width of the inner surface 2 3 of the aperture 22 is between ◦ · 01 λ and λ / 2 and the aperture 22 is on the top plate. The width of the outer surface 24 of 20 is a function of the opening angle angle a. The opening angle of the aperture 22 Typically between 5 degrees to 90 degrees. It will be understood that the opening angle α and the width dimension of the aperture 22 will be obtained according to the desired wavelength and characteristics of the waveguide 21.

557606 V. Description of the invention (5) The blood is low on the top plate 2Q, # 22 Zhang Zhang ―), in a simple and low-cost manufacturing method, when the Wei family name is Ding 舎, the thickness of the top plate 20 is about 5% ; I / 4, the wide adjustability of this kt, radiant energy and aperture impedance.俨 Wide production ^ ti Because of the low friction coupling at the feed end, the expansion angle and the hole are increased to provide a larger consumption load. 'The expansion angle and the aperture width can be μΪΓ The surface of the aperture 22 in the figure is flat of. As shown in Fig. 5A, the figure is two and the surface of the hole t22 is curved, so that the external opening angle is not provided as in the exponential curve or quadratic curve relationship. = See 'This invention continuously provides a radiating aperture in a horizontal direction. A sound disc 1 / guide 21 is provided, and each of the apertures 22 has a specific angle at its inner end: the outer opening angle. The aperture 22 may have the same size 2θ ^ based on the desired impedance. The overall height of other 2 疋 waveguides, which play a role in the aperture coupling characteristics. For larger heights, that is, the larger the distance between the top plate and the bottom plate, the smaller the coupling; the smaller the distance between the top plate and the bottom plate. θthis ’further adjustment parameters for the knitting system are two: the angle structure of the opposite to change the spacing. Although the figure shows that the top plate and the bottom plate are flat, the coupling between the feed end and the. End can be changed by changing the angle. The determination of the aperture width, the flaring angle, and the angle between the top plate and the bottom plate is a function of the desired overall height of the waveguide 21 and the coupling characteristics between the feed end and the negative end. The width of the lower end of the aperture 22 and the degree of the aperture 22 are selected to radiate a certain amount of power at a specific phase relative to the other apertures, thus producing the desired antenna field shape. The parameters of the antenna design according to the present invention and the results obtained are shown in section

557606 Description of the invention (6) 6-9. Figure 6 illustrates the change in the outer width: not the change in the inner width. Figure 7 shows the distribution of holes. Operation II. Figures 8 and 9 show the component amplitude and phase (inches) to indicate the "f-rate" of 2.2 gigahertz (Giiz) and dimensions in inches. The thickness of the waveguide top plate is 0.30 inches. The above parameters are given by way of example only, and the ability to satisfy the radiation characteristics of the waveguide is shown by changes in aperture and visibility. From the above description, it is clear that the present invention has many advantages. The invention described in it is practical. Although the invention is disclosed with respect to specific embodiments thereof 7 = examples are familiar to those skilled in the art without violating the teachings described therein, the changes and changes will be Obvious. For its part, the embodiment described in the second modification of the present invention is limited, except for the attached patent application. Case of seeker

1012-5183-PF (N); ahddub.ptd

557606 Brief description of the drawing Figure 1 (conventional technology) is a schematic diagram showing an upper plane of a waveguide part in the conventional technology; Figure 2 (conventional technology) is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of the first figure; Fig. 3 (conventional technology) is a cross-sectional view showing the top plate of another waveguide in the conventional technology; Fig. 4 (conventional technology) is a cross-sectional view of the top plate of another waveguide in the conventional technology; Sectional view of the top plate of the waveguide of the present invention; Figure 5A is a partial cross-sectional view of the top plate, illustrating an improved embodiment of an external aperture on the top plate; Figures 6-9 show an antenna design obtained according to the present invention and results Parameters. 〈Explanation of symbols〉 2 ~ upper conductive plate; 4 ~ dielectric material, w ~ aperture width; X ~ upper plate thickness; 2π ~ upper plate; 5 &quot; ~ rectangular aperture 5A ~ aperture 2 0 ~ top plate 2 2 ~ aperture 2 3 ~ Inner surface 1 ~ Traveling wave antenna waveguide 3 ~ Lower conductive plate; 5 ~ Aperture; t ~ Waveguide thickness; 2 '~ Lower plate; 5' ~ Rectangular aperture; 2a ~ Upper plate; 5 B ~ Aperture; 2 1 ~ Waveguide 2 2 '~ aperture;

1012-5183-PF (N); ahddub.ptd page 10 557606 Brief description of the drawing angle 2 4 ~ outer surface; liii page 11 1012-5183-PF (N); ahddub.ptd

Claims (1)

557606 6. Scope of patent application 1. A waveguide of a traveling wave antenna, comprising a spaced-apart top plate and a bottom plate, the top plate having a radiation aperture extending therethrough, the apertures having inclined surfaces facing each other to provide an outer expansion (f 1 are) Its aperture. 2. The waveguide according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the thickness of the top plate is approximately equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the traveling wave entering the waveguide. 3. The waveguide according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the opening angle of the aperture is between 5 degrees and 90 degrees. 4. The waveguide according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the aperture is flared outward. 5. The waveguide according to item 1 of the patent application, wherein each aperture has a width between 0.01 λ and λ / 2 on the inner surface of the top plate, where λ is the wavelength of the traveling wave entering the waveguide. Wherein the aperture of which the aperture is spaced apart where the interval is spaced apart, wherein the top plate is along the waveguide as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, the inclined surface is flat. 7. The waveguide according to item 1 of the patent application, wherein the inclined surface is curved. 8. The waveguide as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the top plate and the bottom plate are arranged parallel to each other. 9. As for the waveguide described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the top plate and the bottom plate of «are arranged at an angle to each other. 10. The waveguide according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the long side has a uniform thickness. 11. A waveguide for a traveling wave antenna, wherein a spaced-apart top plate, a bottom plate, and a radiation aperture extend through the top plate, characterized in that the aperture 1012-5183-PF (N); ahddub.ptd Page 12 557606 VI. Scope of patent application It is a sheet (f 1 are) and widens from one surface of the top plate to the opposite surface of the top plate. 1 2. The waveguide of the traveling wave antenna according to item 11 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the top plate has a thickness approximately equal to a quarter of a wavelength of the traveling wave entering the top plate. 1 3. The waveguide of a traveling wave antenna as described in item 12 of the scope of patent application, wherein the aperture flank angle is between 5 degrees and 90 degrees. . 14. The waveguide of the traveling wave antenna according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein the one surface is the inner surface of the top plate and the opposite surface is the outer surface of the top plate, and the aperture is from the inner surface to the outer surface Open outwards. 1 5. The waveguide of a traveling wave antenna as described in item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein each aperture has a width between 0.01 and 1; and a width of 1/2 on the inner surface of the top plate, wherein λ is the traveling wave entering the waveguide. The wavelength. 16. The waveguide of the traveling wave antenna as described in item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein each aperture has an opposite inclined flat surface so that the aperture is linearly flared. 1 7. The waveguide of the traveling wave antenna as described in item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein each aperture has an oppositely inclined curved surface so that the aperture is non-linearly flared. 1 8. The waveguide of the traveling wave antenna according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spaced-apart top plate and the bottom plate are arranged parallel to each other. 19. The waveguide of the traveling wave antenna as described in item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spaced-apart top plate and the bottom plate are arranged at an angle to each other. 2 0. — A method for providing a traveling wave antenna with a low profile height, which 1012-5183-PF (N); ahddub.ptd Page 13 557606 Six 'Applicable patent scope --- in this line i, the plate and the bottom wave antenna have a waveguide, the waveguide has a spaced conductive top, plate' The conductive top plate provides the energy radiation aperture along the top plate spaced from: ， 古 乡 _ 大 、、 | Light shot = sentence must include the energy with inclined opposite surface to form an outer opening: two h search 'to make the aperture self One surface of the top plate is widened to the opposite surface of the top plate. It has the method described in item 2G of the patent scope ', which includes adjusting the energy radiation through the aperture of the-table T reactance, which is through the top plate. \ Provide a specific width of the aperture and a specific angle of expansion to achieve one of 22. The method described in item 21 of the scope of patent application, wherein the top plate, the surface is the inner surface and the opposite surface of the top plate is the outer surface, the aperture in The top plate opens outward. Wherein the aperture where the aperture is 2 3 · The inclined opposite surface is flat as in the method described in item 20 of the patent application range. 2 4 · The inclined opposite surface is curved according to the method described in item 20 of the scope of patent application. The open conductive top plate and the bottom plate are arranged in parallel with each other. 26 · As described in the scope of the patent application No. 20 ^ / The open conductive top plate and the base plate are at a negative age of 25 with each other. · As described in the scope of the patent application No. 20, Where the interval ϊ / click on a _. W _ where the interval 1012-5183-PF (N); ahddub.ptd Page 14