548489 A7 ____ B7 五、發明說明Ο ) 發明背景 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明係關於一種液晶顯示裝置，且更特別而言，係 關於使用光感應液晶分子膜之液晶顯示裝置。 • 液晶顯示裝置包括一對相對透明基底形成一包封，液 晶膜夾在相對基底間，和多數之圖素和液晶膜共同延伸。 每個圖素提供有用以在相關於圖素之液晶膜之部份內產生 電場之電極以改變液晶分子之對準，和藉以改變透過液晶 膜之部份之透光率。 每個透明基底提供有液晶分子對準膜在其面對液晶分 子之側面上以界定液晶分子之最初對準。因此，對準膜通 常設置當成高於用於在液晶膜中產生電場之電極之層，以 直接接觸液晶分子。 近年來，已知之光感應液晶分子對準膜（以下稱光感 應對準膜）乃藉由在所需方向照射一線性極化光至一確定 膜而製造，以取代習知硏磨一膜之方法。此意即在所需方 向照射一線性極化光至一對準膜可使用以藉由對準膜控制 液晶分子之對準方向。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 光感應對準膜之細節揭示於美國專利第 5，793，459 號案，於 1998，8， 11 頒給548489 A7 ____ B7 V. Description of the invention 0) Background of the invention (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to liquid crystals using light-sensitive liquid crystal molecular films Display device. • The liquid crystal display device includes a pair of relatively transparent substrates forming an envelope, and the liquid crystal film is sandwiched between the opposite substrates, and extends with most of the pixels and the liquid crystal film. Each pixel provides an electrode useful for generating an electric field in a portion of the liquid crystal film related to the pixel to change the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, and thereby to change the light transmittance of the portion passing through the liquid crystal film. Each transparent substrate is provided with a liquid crystal molecule alignment film on its side facing the liquid crystal molecules to define an initial alignment of the liquid crystal molecules. Therefore, the alignment film is usually provided as a layer higher than an electrode for generating an electric field in the liquid crystal film to directly contact the liquid crystal molecules. In recent years, known light-sensitive liquid crystal molecular alignment films (hereinafter referred to as light-sensitive alignment films) have been manufactured by irradiating a linearly polarized light to a certain film in a desired direction, instead of conventionally honing a film. method. This means that a linearly polarized light is irradiated to an alignment film in a desired direction and can be used to control the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules by the alignment film. The details of the light-sensing alignment film printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs were disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,793,459, which was issued to
Toko。於此可參考Toko之專利以瞭解本發明。 其它的文獻如：W. H. Gibbons等人之以極化雷射光之 向列液晶之表面調節對準，Nature，Vol· 351，1991，5，2，pp 49-5 0;M. Schadt等人之藉由線性聚合光聚合物之液晶之表 面感應平行對準，Jpn. I. Appl. Phys. Vol 3 1 ( 1 992) pp. -4- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 548489 Α7 ---—___ Β7 五、發明說明（2 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 2 155-21 64 ;H· Endo等人之在光靈敏聚醯亞胺膜上之向列液 晶之光學控制對準，A Μ液晶顯示裝置‘ 9 6 / I D W ’96 ΡΡ-341 — 344;和曰本專利申請第平9 — • 318939 號案（1997，12，12公開）。上述 之文獻於此說明以供參考。 但是，藉由使用光感應對準膜之液晶顯示裝置之顯示 之對比是不足的。本發明人硏究此問題且發現下述之情事 〇 於此產生之現象爲：在照射線性極化光在塗覆於電極 等上之對準材料膜時，所照射線性極化光之部份在照射在 對準材料膜後由電極等反射，而後再度照射在對準材料膜 上。 如果在電極附近有斜坡，如電極之緣之斜坡，且線性 極化光之反射由此斜坡所引起，原始在預定方向之線性極 化光有時會由上述之反射而極化在與預定方向不同之方向 0 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 如果對準材料膜由線性極化光因此反射而照射在與預 定方向不同之方向時，由線性極化光照射在不同方向之對 準膜會提供局部不規則對準特性，而結果導致液晶分子之 缺陷對準。 發明槪要 本發明乃在考量上述之事實下製成，且本發明之目的 乃在提供具有高對比和高級顯示之液晶顯示裝置。 -5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 548489 A7 B7 五、發明說明（3 ) 以下在說明書中簡述本發明之代表例。 爲了達成上述之目的，依照本發明之一實施例，於此 提供一種液晶顯示裝置，包含：一對相對的基底，該對相 •對基底之至少一基底爲透明的；一液晶膜夾在該對相對基 底間；多數的電極設置在該對相對基底之至少一基底上以 在該液晶膜中產生電場；對準膜設置在該對相對基底上以 分別和液晶膜接觸；該對準膜包含一有機膜，其以線性極 化光射線照射以感應在液晶膜中之液晶分子之對準；和一 降低反射膜設置以覆蓋該液晶顯示裝置之有效顯示區域中 之至少多數電極之緣。 以此構造，本發明之液晶顯示裝置可免於在液晶分子 之對準中之擾動。 光感應對準膜之製造需要線性極化在所需方向之光之 照射在有機膜上以提供具有對準液晶分子特性之有機膜。 在有機膜上之入射光由在有機膜下方之光反射層照射且再 度照射有機膜。根據反射位置之構造或本質，反射光有時 線性的極化在和來自入射光之極化之原始方向之不可接受 程度不同之方向。 在本發明之液晶顯示裝置中，降低反射膜可防止不想 要的極化方向之反射光照射用於對準膜之有機膜。因此， 欲用於對準膜之有機膜之整體面積以線性極化光只照射在 所需方向，因此在液晶分子之對準中不會發生擾動，且可 獲得高對比和高級之顯示影像。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ·1 ϋ ϋ ^5J ϋ I n ·1 ϋ ·1 ϋ - » 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） - 6- 548489 A7Toko. Reference can be made here to Toko's patent to understand the present invention. Other literatures such as: WH Gibbons et al. Adjusting the alignment of the surface of a nematic liquid crystal with polarized laser light, Nature, Vol. 351, 1991, 5, 2, pp 49-5 0; borrowed from M. Schadt et al. Parallel alignment of the surface of the liquid crystal of the linear polymerized photopolymer, Jpn. I. Appl. Phys. Vol 3 1 (1 992) pp. -4- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 548489 Α7 -------___ Β7 V. Description of the invention (2) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 2 155-21 64; Optically controlled alignment of nematic liquid crystals on amine films, AM liquid crystal display device '96 / IDW'96 PP-341 — 344; and Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 9 — • 318939 (1997, 12, 12 public). The above documents are described here for reference. However, the contrast of liquid crystal display devices using a light-sensitive alignment film is insufficient. The present inventors have studied this problem and found out the following. The phenomenon that arises here is that when a linearly polarized light is irradiated on an alignment material film coated on an electrode or the like, a portion of the linearly polarized light is irradiated After being irradiated on the alignment material film, it is reflected by an electrode or the like, and then irradiated on the alignment material film again. If there is a slope near the electrode, such as the edge of the electrode, and the reflection of linearly polarized light is caused by this slope, the linearly polarized light originally in the predetermined direction will sometimes be polarized in the predetermined direction by the above reflection. Different directions 0 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. If the alignment material film is reflected by the linearly polarized light and irradiated in a direction different from the predetermined direction, the alignment film is illuminated by the linearly polarized light in different directions. It will provide local irregular alignment characteristics, which will result in defective alignment of liquid crystal molecules. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is made in consideration of the above-mentioned facts, and an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having high contrast and advanced display. -5- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 548489 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3) The invention is briefly described in the description below Representative example. In order to achieve the above object, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal display device is provided, including: a pair of opposing substrates, at least one of the pair of opposing substrates is transparent; and a liquid crystal film is sandwiched between the substrates. Between opposite substrates; a plurality of electrodes are disposed on at least one substrate of the pair of opposite substrates to generate an electric field in the liquid crystal film; an alignment film is disposed on the pair of opposite substrates to be in contact with the liquid crystal film respectively; the alignment film includes An organic film irradiated with linearly polarized light rays to sense the alignment of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal film; and a reduced reflection film disposed to cover edges of at least most electrodes in an effective display area of the liquid crystal display device. With this configuration, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be free from disturbance in alignment of liquid crystal molecules. The fabrication of a photo-sensing alignment film requires linearly polarized light in a desired direction to be irradiated onto the organic film to provide an organic film having the characteristics of aligned liquid crystal molecules. The incident light on the organic film is irradiated by a light reflecting layer under the organic film and irradiates the organic film again. Depending on the structure or nature of the reflection position, the reflected light is sometimes linearly polarized in a direction that is unacceptably different from the original direction of the polarization from the incident light. In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the reduction of the reflection film can prevent the reflected light in an unwanted polarization direction from irradiating the organic film for the alignment film. Therefore, the entire area of the organic film to be used for the alignment film is irradiated with only linearly polarized light in a desired direction, so no disturbance occurs in the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, and a high-contrast and advanced display image can be obtained. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) · 1 ϋ ϋ ^ 5J ϋ I n · 1 ϋ · 1 ϋ-»This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)- 6- 548489 A7
五、發明說明（4 ) 圖式簡單說明 在圖中，相似的參考數字表示相似的元件，且其中： 圖1爲依照本發明之液晶顯示裝置之實施例之主要部 份之橫截面圖； 圖2爲依照本發明之液晶顯示裝置之實施例之等效電 路圖；V. Description of the invention (4) Brief description of the drawings In the drawings, similar reference numerals indicate similar elements, and among them: FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of an embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention; 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of an embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention;
圖3 A至3 C爲在依照本發明之液晶顯示裝置中之圖 素例，圖3A爲圖素之平面圖，圖3 B爲沿圖。3A之 工1 I B — I I I B線所截取之橫截面圖，和圖3 C 爲沿圖3 A之I I I C — I I I C線所截取之橫截·面 圖； 圖4爲在本發明之液晶顯示裝置中介於對準膜和極化 器間之關係說明圖； 圖 5A— 1，5A— 2，5B— 1，和 5B — 2 爲在 本發明之液晶顯示裝置中，在圖素電極和反電極間有無電 場下之液晶分子之行爲圖，圖5 A - 1和5 A — 2爲在圖 素電極和反電極間無電場下之例，和圖5 B — 1和圖5 B - 2爲在圖素電極和反電極間有無電場下之之例； 圖6爲製造在本發明之液晶顯示裝置中使用之對準膜 之方法之說明圖；和 圖7爲在照射紫外線至有機膜之操作中，在對準膜中 發生擾動之機構之說明圖。 主要元件對照表 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -1 I I awr ill — — ' i — (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 548489 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（5 ) 1 A，1 B 透明基底 1〇0 液晶顯示板 2 掃描訊號線 • 4 反電壓訊號線 3 視頻訊號線 5 垂直掃描電路 6 視頻訊號驅動電路 9 反電壓訊號源 14 反電極 15 絕緣膜 16 半導體層 18 圖素電極 1 8 A 源電極 3 A 汲極電極 1 6 A 高摻雜層 10 降低反射膜 19 保護膜 2〇，2 5 對準膜 2 1 極化器 2 2 黑矩陣 2 3 濾色器 2 4 平面膜 2 6 極化器 3 1 高壓水銀蒸氣燈 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -1 ^ ^ I- ϋ ^ 1 一^ 1 ϋ ϋ —>i ϋ 1 ϋ I < 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -8- 548489 A7 B7 五、發明說明（6 ) 3 2 分光器 3 3 鏡 3 4 極化器 * 4 1 紫外線燈 40，42，43 光反射膜 設備之等效電路 首先，參考圖2說明所謂的主動矩陣型液晶顯示裝置 。圖2中只顯示液晶顯示板1 〇 0之一透明基底1 A ,而 透明基底1 A和另一相對的透明基底形成容納液晶材料於 其間之板1 0 0包封。 液晶顯示板1 0 0具有一顯示部份包含安排成矩陣之 多數圖素，且每個圖素構造成以使它可以和其它圖素無關 的控制或調制來自位在液晶顯示板1 0 0後之背光單元（ 未顯示）所穿透之光量。 在每個圖素上之光量之調制乃藉由執行所謂的平面上 開關法（I P S )，其使在夾在一對相對透明基底間之液 晶材料層中之電場平行於透明基底，如後所述。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 此型之液晶顯示板1 0 0即使當以從正交於顯示表面 之大角度觀察時，仍可提供淸晰之影像，結果是其具有廣 的視角。 掃瞄訊號線2和反電壓訊號線4延伸在X方向（列方 向）且安排互相平行在Y方向（行方向），在其間有液晶 材料層之相對透明基底之透明基底1 A之液晶層側上之內 表面上。掃瞄訊號線2以C r製成且約爲2 0 0 n m厚 -9- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 548489 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（7 ) 〇 在圖2中，掃猫訊號線2和反電壓訊號線4交替的安 排在透明基底1 A上，如由透明基底1 A之頂部起，一掃 •瞄訊號線2，以相當大距離間隔訊號線2之一反電壓訊號 線4，和反電壓訊號線4相當靠近間隔之另一掃瞄訊號線 2，和以相當大距離間隔另一掃瞄訊號線2之一另一反電 壓訊號線4，依此類推。 視頻訊號線3延伸在Y方向且安排成互相平行在X方 向，並和掃瞄訊號線2和反電壓訊號線4電絕緣。視頻訊 號線3以A 1製成且厚度約爲2 0 0 n m。 一單元圖素形成在由相鄰的掃猫訊號線2，反電壓訊 號線4，和視頻訊號線3所圍繞之相當大矩形面積中，和 多數單元圖素安排成矩陣以形成一顯示區域。 每個圖素提供有由來自掃瞄訊號線2之掃瞄訊號電壓 所驅動之薄膜電晶體T F T，和圖素電極1 8，其由視頻 訊號線3經由薄膜電晶體T F T之驅動供應以視頻訊號電 壓。以下說明圖素之詳細構造。圖素電極1 8以A 1製成 且厚度約爲200 nm。 液晶顯示板1 〇 〇提供有外部電路，如垂直掃瞄電路 5和視頻訊號驅動電路6。垂直掃瞄電路5連續的供應掃 瞄訊號至每個掃瞄訊號線2，和視頻訊號電路6和掃瞄訊 號同步的供應視頻訊號至視頻訊號線3。 垂直掃瞄電路5和視頻訊號驅動電路6接收來自 C P U等之顯示資訊。反電壓訊號由反電壓訊號源9供應 丨丨丨丨丨丨丨丨· ·丨丨丨丨丨丨丨^^ ·丨丨丨丨丨丨—·* (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -10- 548489 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（8 ) 至相關的反電壓訊號線4。 圖素之構造 • 圖3 A爲相關於由圖2之破折線所圍繞之區域之上述 單元圖素之例，圖3B爲沿圖3A之I I I B— I I I B線所截取之橫截面圖，和圖3 C爲沿圖3 A之I I I C 一 I I I C線所截取之橫截面圖。 在圖3 A中，反電壓訊號線4延伸在X方向在透明基 底1 A之主表面上，和掃瞄訊號線2與反電壓訊號線4在 負Y方向間隔相當大的距離，且平行於反電壓訊號線4。 三個反電極1 4與反電壓訊號線4整合形成。反電極 和反電壓訊號線以C r製成且厚度約爲2 0 0 n m。三 個反電極14中之兩個延伸靠近且延著分別界定一圖素區 域之一對相鄰視頻訊號線3，在負y方向至掃瞄訊號線2 附近，而另一反電極1 4延伸平行且介於兩反電極1 4間 〇 以例如氮化矽製成之絕緣膜1 5形成覆蓋透明基底 1 A之表面，掃瞄訊號線2，反電壓訊號線4，和形成在 透明基底1A上之反電極14(見圖3B和3C)。絕緣 膜1 5當成介於視頻訊號線3和掃瞄訊號線2間和介於視 頻訊號線3和反電壓訊號線4在它們的交會處之中間層絕 緣膜，當成在形成薄膜電晶體T F T之區域上之閘絕緣膜 ，和當成在形成儲存電容Cstg之區域上之介電層。 首先，一半導體層1 6形成在用以形成薄膜電晶體 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)3A to 3C are examples of pixels in a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, FIG. 3A is a plan view of the pixels, and FIG. 3B is a plan view. 3A: 1C cross section taken along line IB-IIIB, and FIG. 3C is a cross-section view taken along line IIIC-IIIC in FIG. 3A; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Figure 5A-1, 5A-2, 5B-1, and 5B-2 illustrate the relationship between the alignment film and the polarizer. In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, is there an electric field between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode? The behavior of the liquid crystal molecules below, Figures 5 A-1 and 5 A-2 are examples without the electric field between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode, and Figures 5 B-1 and 5 B-2 are the pixel electrode An example of the presence or absence of an electric field between the electrode and the counter electrode; FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a method for manufacturing an alignment film used in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention; and FIG. 7 is an operation for irradiating ultraviolet rays to an organic film. An illustration of the mechanism in which the disturbance occurs in the quasi-membrane. Comparison table of main components The paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -1 II awr ill — — 'i — (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the employee's consumer cooperative of the Bureau 548489 A7 B7 Printed by the employee's consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (5) 1 A, 1 B Transparent substrate 100 LCD panel 2 Scanning signal line 4 Anti-voltage signal line 3 Video signal line 5 Vertical scanning circuit 6 Video signal driving circuit 9 Counter-voltage signal source 14 Counter electrode 15 Insulating film 16 Semiconductor layer 18 Pixel electrode 1 8 A Source electrode 3 A Drain electrode 1 6 A Highly doped layer 10 Reduce reflection Film 19 Protective film 20, 2 5 Alignment film 2 1 Polarizer 2 2 Black matrix 2 3 Color filter 2 4 Flat film 2 6 Polarizer 3 1 High-pressure mercury vapor lamp (please read the precautions on the back first) (Fill in this page) -1 ^ ^ I- ϋ ^ 1 1 ^ 1 ϋ ϋ — > i ϋ 1 ϋ I < This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -8- 548489 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (6) 3 2 Beamsplitter 3 3 Mirror 3 4 Polarizer * 4 1 Ultraviolet lamp 40, 42, 43 Light reflecting film Equivalent circuit of the device First, the so-called active matrix liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to FIG. 2. In FIG. 2, only one transparent substrate 1 A of the liquid crystal display panel 1000 is shown, and the transparent substrate 1 A and the other opposite transparent substrate form a panel 100 that contains a liquid crystal material therebetween. The LCD panel 100 has a display portion containing most pixels arranged in a matrix, and each pixel is structured so that it can be controlled or modulated independently of other pixels from the LCD panel 100. The amount of light transmitted through a backlight unit (not shown). The amount of light on each pixel is modulated by implementing the so-called on-plane switching method (IPS), which makes the electric field in the liquid crystal material layer sandwiched between a pair of relatively transparent substrates parallel to the transparent substrate, as described later Described. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This type of LCD panel 100 can provide clear images even when viewed from a large angle orthogonal to the display surface, with the result that it has a wide viewing angle. The scanning signal line 2 and the anti-voltage signal line 4 extend in the X direction (column direction) and are arranged parallel to each other in the Y direction (row direction) with a liquid crystal material layer on the opposite side of the transparent substrate 1 A on the liquid crystal layer side On the inner surface. The scanning signal line 2 is made of Cr and is about 200 nm thick. -9- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 548489 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs System A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) 〇 In Figure 2, the cat signal line 2 and the anti-voltage signal line 4 are alternately arranged on the transparent substrate 1 A, such as from the top of the transparent substrate 1 A, a scan Signal line 2 is spaced at a considerable distance from one of anti-voltage signal line 4 of signal line 2, and the other scanning signal line 2 is relatively close to the interval of anti-voltage signal line 4 and another scan signal line 2 is spaced at a considerable distance. One other anti-voltage signal line 4, and so on. The video signal line 3 extends in the Y direction and is arranged parallel to each other in the X direction, and is electrically insulated from the scanning signal line 2 and the anti-voltage signal line 4. The video signal line 3 is made of A 1 and has a thickness of about 200 nm. A unit pixel is formed in a relatively large rectangular area surrounded by the adjacent cat signal line 2, the anti-voltage signal line 4, and the video signal line 3, and most of the unit pixels are arranged in a matrix to form a display area. Each pixel is provided with a thin film transistor TFT driven by a scanning signal voltage from the scanning signal line 2 and a pixel electrode 18, which is supplied with a video signal by the video signal line 3 through the driving of the thin film transistor TFT. Voltage. The detailed structure of the pixels will be described below. The pixel electrode 18 is made of A 1 and has a thickness of about 200 nm. The LCD panel 100 is provided with external circuits such as a vertical scanning circuit 5 and a video signal driving circuit 6. The vertical scanning circuit 5 continuously supplies a scanning signal to each scanning signal line 2, and supplies a video signal to the video signal line 3 in synchronization with the video signal circuit 6 and the scanning signal. The vertical scanning circuit 5 and the video signal driving circuit 6 receive display information from CP, etc. The anti-voltage signal is supplied by the anti-voltage signal source 9 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨 · · 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨 ^^ · 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨 —— * (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) This paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -10- 548489 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (8) to the relevant anti-voltage signal Line 4. Structure of pixels • Figure 3A is an example of the above-mentioned unit pixels related to the area surrounded by the dashed line in Figure 2. Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIIB-IIIB of Figure 3A, and Figure 3 C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIIC-IIIC in FIG. 3A. In FIG. 3A, the anti-voltage signal line 4 extends in the X direction on the main surface of the transparent substrate 1 A, and the scanning signal line 2 and the anti-voltage signal line 4 are separated by a considerable distance in the negative Y direction, and are parallel to Anti-voltage signal line 4. The three counter electrodes 14 are integrated with the counter voltage signal line 4. The counter electrode and the counter voltage signal line are made of C r and have a thickness of about 200 nm. Two of the three counter electrodes 14 extend close to and extend around a pair of adjacent video signal lines 3 defining a pixel area, respectively, in the negative y direction to the vicinity of the scanning signal line 2, and the other counter electrode 14 extends A parallel and interposed between the two counter electrodes 14 is formed by an insulating film 15 made of, for example, silicon nitride to cover the surface of the transparent substrate 1 A, the scanning signal line 2, the anti-voltage signal line 4, and the transparent substrate 1A. The upper counter electrode 14 (see Figs. 3B and 3C). The insulating film 15 serves as an interlayer insulating film between the video signal line 3 and the scanning signal line 2 and between the video signal line 3 and the anti-voltage signal line 4 at their intersections, and serves as a thin film transistor TFT. The gate insulating film on the area and the dielectric layer on the area forming the storage capacitor Cstg. First, a semiconductor layer 16 is formed on the thin film transistor (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
I ^1 ϋ I ϋ ϋ^OJ 1 ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ I I ϋ· 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -11 - 548489 A7 B7 五、發明說明（9 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) τ F T在絕緣膜1 5上之區域上。此半導體膜1 6以例如 非晶矽製成，且設置在接近視頻訊號線3之掃瞄訊號線2 ，且結果，一部份的掃瞄訊號線2亦當成薄膜電晶體 _ 丁 F T之閘電極。 如圖3 A所示，延伸在Y方向之多數視頻訊號線3安 排在絕緣膜1 5上之X方向。汲極電極3 A和視頻訊號線 3整合形成，因此汲極電極3 A延伸在薄膜電晶體T F T 之半導體層16之表面之一部份上。 圖素電極18形成在圖素區域中之絕緣膜15之表面 上。圖素電極1 8運行於反電極1 4間。圖素電極1 8之 一當成薄膜電晶體T F T之源電極1 8 A，於此，圖素電 極1 8延伸在正Y方向，而後延伸在反電壓訊號線4，在 X方向，和而後延伸在負Y方向，終結於圖素電極1 8之 另一端，以形成一方形字母U。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 重疊反電壓訊號線4之圖素電極1 8之部份形成一儲 存電容Cstg，而具有絕緣膜1 5於其間之反電壓訊號線4 當成一介電層。儲存電容Cstg提供在例如薄膜電晶體 T F T關閉後，在圖素電極1 8中較長儲存影像資訊之效 果。 以薄膜電晶體T F T之汲極電極3 A和源極電極 1 8 A形成介面之半導體層1 6之表面摻雜磷，以形成高 摻雜層1 6 A和獲得在汲極電極3 A和源極電極1 8 A上 之歐姆接觸。在此例中，最初，高摻雜層1 6 A形成在半 導體層1 6之整個表面區域，和汲極電極3 A和源極電極 -12- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 548489 A7 i、發明說明（10 ) 1 8A形成在高摻雜層1 6A上。高摻雜層1 6A藉由蝕 刻未覆蓋當成光罩之汲極電極3 A和源極電極1 8 A之高 摻雜層1 6 A之部份而定圖樣。 ' 覆蓋圖素電極1 8和反電極1 4之降低反射膜1 0形 成用以獲得圖素之充分孔徑比，因此，降低反射膜之區域 製成剛好足以使它們投射在平行於圖素電極之平面上之區 域爲最小。 降低反射膜由可吸收主要部份之入射光和反射非常小 量之入射光之材料製成。降低反射膜將於後更詳細說明。 以例如氮化矽製成之保護膜1 9形成在絕緣膜1 5上 ，其上有薄膜電晶體T F T，視頻訊號線3，圖素電極 1 8，儲存電容Cstg，和降低反射膜，如圖3 B和3 (:所 示，而後，一液晶分子對準膜2 0形成在保護膜1 9上， 以完成液晶顯示板1 0 0之透明基底1 A。 圖1爲進一步詳細說明圖3 B之橫截面圖之橫截面圖 ，且亦顯示以一液晶層L C設置面對透明基底1 A之另一 透明基底1 B。一極化器2 1設置在透明基底1 A之表面 上，在相對於液晶層L C之側邊上。 一黑矩陣（遮光膜）2 2形成在透明基底1 B之部份 上，在面對液晶層L C之側邊上，相關於環繞每個圖素區 域之邊界。遮光膜2 2具有防止光直接照射薄膜電晶體 T F T和改善顯示對比之功能。遮.光膜2 2構成以使由圖 3之破折線所指示之窗界定一實質圖素區域。 一濾色器2 3形成以覆蓋在遮光膜2 2中之窗。在兩 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 Χ 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) — — — — — — — ·1111111. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -13- 548489 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明Ο1 ) 圖素區域中接近X方向之兩濾色器2 3分別具有互相不同 的兩顏色，且具有介於在遮光膜2 2上之兩濾色器間之邊 界。以例如樹脂製成之平面膜2 4形成在濾色器2 3上， •和液晶分子對準膜2 5形成在平面膜2 4上。 極化器2 6接附至在相對於液晶層L C之側邊上之透 明基底1 B之表面。 介於對準膜和極化器間之關係 以下參考圖4說明介於形成在透明基底1 A上之對準 膜2 0和極化器2 1間，和介於形成在透明膜1 B上之對 準膜2 5和極化器2 6間之關係。 兩對準膜2 0和2 5之最初對準方向爲相關於應用在 介於圖素電極1 8和反電極1 4間之電場之方向1 3 0之 角度0 L C上。 極化器2 1之極化軸1 2 0在相關於電場之方向 1 3 0之角度0 P上。另一極化器2 6之極化軸垂直於極 化器2 1之極化軸1 20。在此例中，0LC = 0P。 液晶層L C包含向列液晶組成，其在1 Κ Η z上具有 正介電非均質性△ ε爲7 · 3，在5 8 9 n m波長和 20°C上之雙折射Δη爲〇 · 073。 具有上述介於對準膜2 0，2 5和極化器2 1，2 6 間之關係之液晶顯示裝置爲所謂的黑色模式，且當平行於 透明基底1Α之電場Ε產生在液晶層LC時，其會傳送光 經由液晶層L C。但是，本發明並不限於黑色模式之液晶 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -14- 0L β — — 1 — llllllr · 1111111 « — — — — — — I· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 548489 A7 B7 i、發明說明〇2 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 顯示裝置，而是亦可應用至白色模式之液晶顯示裝置，其 中無電場產生在液晶層L C時，通過液晶層L C之光量最 大。 液晶分子之行爲 圖 5A— 1，5A— 2，5B— 1 和 5B — 2 顯示在 介於圖素電極1 8和反電極1 4間有無電場時之液晶分子 L C m之行爲。 圖5A — 1和5A — 2顯示在介於圖素電極1 8和反 電極14間無電場之例，和5B-1和5B—2顯示在介 於圖素電極18和反電極14間有電場E (參考數字 1 3 0 )時之例。 如果無電場作用在液晶分子L C m時，液晶分子 LCm對準對準膜19和25之對準方向，如圖5A-1 和5 A - 2所示。 如果一電場作用在液晶分子L C m時，液晶分子 L C m依照電場之強度扭轉，且結果，經由液晶之透光性 會改變。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 降低反射膜 在此實施例中，如圖1和3 A — 3 C所示之降低反射 膜1 0以包括例如碳之黑色顏料之光敏有機混合物製成， 且厚度爲5 Ο n m。降低反射膜1 0藉由使用如已知之 光石印而重疊在圖素電極1 8和反電極1 4之頂表面上。 -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公f ) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 548489 A7 —B7 五、發明說明C3 ) 最初，在形成圖素電極1 8後，包括圖素電極1 8之 透明基底之整體表面均勻的塗覆包括例如碳之黑色顏料之 光敏有機混合物，而後，光敏有機混合物膜以一光罩選擇 •性曝光，且顯影以留在圖素電極1 8和反電極1 4之頂表 面上。 在此實施例中，光敏有機混合物膜形成在反電極1 4 上方，而其間提供絕緣膜1 5，但是絕緣膜1 5之存在不 會對本發明之目的造成障礙。 在線性的照射極化紫外線至塗覆在基底上之樹脂膜以 對準液晶分子之操作中，入射紫外線之極化狀態由在安排 在實質當成一圖素之區域中之導電圖素電極18和導電反 電極1 4上之反射所改變，且所得之對準膜具有缺陷對準 特性，並嚴重的破壞顯示影像之品質。此即爲何降低反射 膜1 0設置在圖素電極1 8和反電極1 4上之原因。 降低反射膜亦可延伸至形成在實質不當成圖素之區域 之導電層之頂表面。例如，降低反射膜亦可設置在圖素電 極1 8，電連接於此之視頻訊號線3，反電極1 4，電連 接於此之反電壓訊號線4，和掃瞄訊號線2之表面上。 在上述之說明中，降低反射膜1 0在反電極1 4形成 後，形成在圖素電極1 8和反電極1 4之頂表面上，而後 ，形成圖素電極。但是，本發明並不限於此種處理步驟之 順序。 降低反射膜1 0之一層可在只形成反電極1 4後形成 在反電極1 4上，而後，形成圖素電極1 8，且降低反射 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -16- _L .· ϋ I Jr I n I ϋ i-i ϋ I » · I I I I ϋ ϋ I ov a — — — — — — — — iJNET i (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 548489 A7 ____ B7 五、發明說明〇4 ) 月旲1 0之另一層亦可形成在圖素電極1 8上。以此構造， 亦可獲得如上例相同的優點，雖然光石印使用在形成降低 反射膜之每個步驟中。 • 在上述之例中，降低反射膜1 0以包括例如碳之黑色 顏料之光敏有機混合物製成，但是，本發明並不限於此材 料。任何對光具有大吸收係數和小的光反射性之材料皆可 提供如上例相同的優點。對於可獲得本發明之優點之材料 方面，具有對紫外線0至5 0 %反射係數之材料是較佳的 〇 對準膜 如圖1所示之對準膜2 0和2 5以例如聚醯亞胺製成 ，且厚度約爲〇 · l//m。 如所述之聚醯亞胺膜不具有對準液晶分子之功能，且 以來自例如高壓水銀蒸氣燈，準分子雷射等之線性極化紫 外線照射以對準液晶分子。以紫外線照射在聚醯亞胺膜取 代習知之磨擦處理。 對準膜之對準方向由線性照射之極化紫外線之方向所 決定。在此實施例中，波長爲3 6 5 n m之紫外線以約 4 0 0 m J / c m 2能量照射在聚醯亞胺膜上。 圖6爲用以說明藉由照射紫外線在聚醯亞胺膜上以提 供聚醯亞胺膜對準膜之功能之方法。高壓水銀蒸氣燈3 1 使用當成一光源。來自燈3 1之光線由分光器3 2所分解 ，並經由鏡3 3進入極化器3 4。極化器3 4安排以相對 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -17- P · — — — — — — — — — · 11 I I I I —tr· — — — — — — — — _ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 548489 A7 _____ B7 五、發明說明（15 ) 表面具有聚醯亞胺膜之透明基底1 A，因此，線性的極化 在所需方向之紫外線照射在聚醯亞胺膜上以獲得對準膜 2 〇 〇 降低反射膜之效果檢視 如上所述，降低反射膜1 〇之形成可防止發生對準膜 之缺陷對準，而於下將進一步詳情檢視在無降低反射膜之 例中，對準膜之缺陷對準之機構。 假設在圖7中，紫外線4 1以正交於光反射膜4 0之 方向照射光反射膜4 0。紫外線4 1線性的極化在相關於 紫外線之行進方向之所需方向，如圖7所示，且確認在光 反射膜4 0上之反射後之光之極化方向之改變量爲可容許 的。在光反射膜4 0傾斜如參考數字4 2所表示者之例中 亦是如此。 當光反射膜之主要表面平行於入射光之極化方向時， 可忽略介於入射和反射光之極化方向間之差異，但是，當 光反射膜之主要表面不平行於入射光之極化方向時，如參 考數字4 3所示，不可忽略介於入射和反射光之極化方向 間之差異。 在製造一液晶顯示裝置之操作中，當線性極化光照射 在塗覆在圖素和反電極上方之一對準材料膜上時，線性照 射極化光之一部份由電極所反射，且再度照射在對準材料 膜上。 如果有環繞電極之斜坡，例如電極之緣之斜坡，且由 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -18 - I I J· I 1--丨丨丨-·丨丨丨丨丨丨—訂·丨丨丨丨丨丨丨» (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 548489 A7 _ B7 五、發明說明06 ) 此斜坡引起線性極化光之反射時，原始在預定方向之線性 極化光之極化方向由上述大到無法忽略之反射量而改變。 如果對準材料膜以因此反射而和預定方向不同之方向 •之線性極化光照射時，由線性極化光在不想要方向照射之 對準膜部份提供了局部不規則對準特性，結果引起液晶分 子之缺陷對準。 在上述之實施例中，降低反射膜例如形成在圖素和反 電極之頂表面上，以覆蓋相關的電極，但是，並不需要覆 蓋電極之整個表面，而只要形成降低反射膜以覆蓋在會引 起液晶分子之不規則對準之部份即可，亦即，只要形成降 低反射膜以覆蓋在會由在該部份上之反射所引起在入射和 反射光間之極化方向中之差異量無法接達之電極之部份， 如圖素和反電極之緣即可。 因此電極之堆疊膜和層和其附近之複雜構造，有時難 以準確的決定在會由該部份上之反射所引起在極化方向中 無法接達之改變量之電極之部份，且因此，簡單，可靠且 有效的是整體覆蓋包括視頻訊號線之圖素電極和包括反電 壓訊號線之反電極。 上述實施例之液晶顯示裝置爲所謂的平面開關型，其 中細微電極形成在液晶層側邊上之一基底表面上之相關大 區域上方，且因此，會顯現由極化光之在不想要方向之照 射所引起之對準膜之擾動，而本發明提供此種平面型液晶 顯示裝置相當大的優點。 但是，本發明並不限於平面型液晶顯示裝置，本發明 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ------------ --- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂： 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -19- 548489 A7 _B7_ 五、發明說明（17 ) 亦可應用至例如所謂的垂直電場型，和扭轉向列型液晶顯 示裝置，因爲介於此兩型間之主要差異在於圖素之構造， 而其它構造實質相似。 • 附帶的，在垂直電場型液晶顯示裝置中，在每個圖素 上之光之透射由應用在跨過夾在形成在相對透明基底之內 表面上之相對透明電極間之液晶材料層之垂直電場所控制 〇 · 如上所述，本發明之液晶顯示裝置可提供具有高對比 和局級之顯不影像。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -20- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐）I ^ 1 ϋ I ϋ ϋ ^ OJ 1 ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ II 本 · This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -11-548489 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page.) Τ FT is on the area above the insulating film 15. This semiconductor film 16 is made of, for example, amorphous silicon, and is disposed near the scanning signal line 2 of the video signal line 3, and as a result, a part of the scanning signal line 2 also serves as a thin film transistor. electrode. As shown in FIG. 3A, most video signal lines 3 extending in the Y direction are arranged in the X direction on the insulating film 15. The drain electrode 3 A is integrated with the video signal line 3, so the drain electrode 3 A extends on a part of the surface of the semiconductor layer 16 of the thin film transistor T F T. The pixel electrode 18 is formed on the surface of the insulating film 15 in the pixel region. The pixel electrode 18 runs between the counter electrodes 14. One of the pixel electrodes 18 serves as the source electrode 18 A of the thin film transistor TFT. Here, the pixel electrode 18 extends in the positive Y direction, and then in the anti-voltage signal line 4, in the X direction, and then in The negative Y direction ends at the other end of the pixel electrode 18 to form a square letter U. The Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed a portion of the pixel electrode 18 overlapping the anti-voltage signal line 4 to form a storage capacitor Cstg, and the anti-voltage signal line 4 with an insulating film 15 therebetween was used as a dielectric layer. . The storage capacitor Cstg provides an effect of storing image information in the pixel electrode 18 for a long time after the thin film transistor T F T is turned off, for example. The surface of the semiconductor layer 16 with the drain electrode 3 A and the source electrode 1 8 A of the thin-film transistor TFT is doped with phosphorus to form a highly doped layer 1 6 A and the source electrode 3 A and the source are obtained. Ohmic contact on the electrode 18 A. In this example, initially, a highly doped layer 16 A is formed on the entire surface area of the semiconductor layer 16 and a drain electrode 3 A and a source electrode -12- This paper standard applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 548489 A7 i. Description of the invention (10) 18A is formed on the highly doped layer 16A. The highly doped layer 16A is patterned by etching the portions of the highly doped layer 16A that are not covered with the drain electrode 3A and the source electrode 18A that are not used as a photomask. '' The reduced reflection film 10 is formed to cover the pixel electrode 18 and the counter electrode 14 to obtain a sufficient aperture ratio of the pixels. Therefore, the areas of the reduced reflection film are made just enough to make them project parallel to the pixel electrodes. The area on the plane is minimal. The anti-reflection film is made of a material that can absorb the main part of the incident light and reflect a very small amount of the incident light. The reflection reducing film will be described in more detail later. A protective film 19 made of, for example, silicon nitride is formed on the insulating film 15 with a thin film transistor TFT, a video signal line 3, a pixel electrode 18, a storage capacitor Cstg, and a reflection reducing film, as shown in the figure. 3 B and 3 (shown, then, a liquid crystal molecule alignment film 20 is formed on the protective film 19 to complete the transparent substrate 1 A of the liquid crystal display panel 100. FIG. 1 is a further detailed description FIG. 3 B The cross-sectional view of the cross-sectional view also shows that a liquid crystal layer LC is disposed to face the transparent substrate 1 A and another transparent substrate 1 B. A polarizer 21 is disposed on the surface of the transparent substrate 1 A, and On the side of the liquid crystal layer LC. A black matrix (light-shielding film) 2 2 is formed on the part of the transparent substrate 1 B, and on the side facing the liquid crystal layer LC, it is related to the boundary surrounding each pixel area. The light-shielding film 22 has the function of preventing light from directly illuminating the thin-film transistor TFT and improving display contrast. The light-shielding film 22 is configured so that the window indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 3 defines a substantial pixel area. A color filter The device 23 is formed to cover the window in the light-shielding film 22. It is applicable to the Chinese country on two paper scales. Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) — — — — — — — 1111111. Printed by the Employees ’Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-13- 548489 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention 〇1) The two color filters 2 3 near the X direction in the pixel area have two colors different from each other, and have a light shielding film 2 2 The boundary between two color filters. A flat film 24 made of, for example, a resin is formed on the color filter 23, and a liquid crystal molecule alignment film 25 is formed on the flat film 24. The polarizer 26 is attached to the surface of the transparent substrate 1 B on the side opposite to the liquid crystal layer LC. The relationship between the alignment film and the polarizer The following is a description of the interposition between the alignment film 20 and the polarizer 21 formed on the transparent substrate 1 A, and between the alignment film 2 and the polarizer 21 formed on the transparent substrate 1 A with reference to FIG. 4. The relationship between the alignment film 25 and the polarizer 26. The initial alignment directions of the two alignment films 20 and 25 are related to an angle 0 L C applied to the direction 1 3 0 of the electric field applied between the pixel electrode 18 and the counter electrode 14. The polarization axis 1 2 0 of the polarizer 21 is at an angle 0 P with respect to the direction 1 3 0 of the electric field. The polarization axis of the other polarizer 26 is perpendicular to the polarization axis 1 20 of the polarizer 21. In this example, 0LC = 0P. The liquid crystal layer LC includes a nematic liquid crystal composition, which has positive dielectric anisotropy Δε of 1 · 3 at 1 Η Η z, and a birefringence Δη of 0 · 073 at a wavelength of 5 9 9 m and 20 ° C. The liquid crystal display device having the above-mentioned relationship between the alignment films 20, 25 and the polarizers 21, 26 is in a so-called black mode, and when an electric field E parallel to the transparent substrate 1A is generated in the liquid crystal layer LC , Which transmits light through the liquid crystal layer LC. However, the present invention is not limited to liquid crystal in black mode. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -14- 0L β — — 1 — llllllr · 1111111 «— — — — — — I · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 548489 A7 B7 i. Description of the invention 〇2) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Display device, but it can also be applied to the white mode LCD In the display device, when no electric field is generated in the liquid crystal layer LC, the amount of light passing through the liquid crystal layer LC is maximum. Behavior of liquid crystal molecules Figures 5A—1, 5A—2, 5B—1, and 5B—2 show the behavior of liquid crystal molecules L C m with or without an electric field between the pixel electrode 18 and the counter electrode 14. 5A-1 and 5A-2 show examples of no electric field between the pixel electrode 18 and the counter electrode 14, and 5B-1 and 5B-2 show an electric field between the pixel electrode 18 and the counter electrode 14. E (reference number 1 3 0). If no electric field is applied to the liquid crystal molecules LCm, the liquid crystal molecules LCm are aligned with the alignment directions of the alignment films 19 and 25, as shown in Figs. 5A-1 and 5A-2. If an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal molecules L C m, the liquid crystal molecules L C m are twisted according to the strength of the electric field, and as a result, the light transmittance through the liquid crystal is changed. Reduced reflection film printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. In this embodiment, the reduced reflection film 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 A-3 C is made of a photosensitive organic mixture including a black pigment such as carbon, And the thickness is 50 nm. The reflection reducing film 10 is superposed on the top surfaces of the pixel electrode 18 and the counter electrode 14 by using a light lithography as known. -15- This paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 gf) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 548489 A7 —B7 V. Description of the invention C3 After 8, the entire surface of the transparent substrate including the pixel electrode 18 is uniformly coated with a photosensitive organic mixture including a black pigment such as carbon, and then the photosensitive organic mixture film is selectively exposed with a photomask and developed to remain on The pixel electrodes 18 and the counter electrodes 14 are on the top surface. In this embodiment, a photosensitive organic mixture film is formed over the counter electrode 14 with an insulating film 15 provided therebetween, but the presence of the insulating film 15 does not cause an obstacle to the object of the present invention. In the operation of linearly irradiating polarized ultraviolet rays to a resin film coated on a substrate to align liquid crystal molecules, the polarization state of incident ultraviolet rays is formed by conductive pixel electrodes 18 in a region arranged substantially as a pixel and The reflection on the conductive counter electrode 14 is changed, and the resulting alignment film has defect alignment characteristics, which seriously damages the quality of the displayed image. This is why the reflection reducing film 10 is provided on the pixel electrode 18 and the counter electrode 14. The anti-reflection film may also extend to the top surface of the conductive layer formed in a region that is not substantially a pixel. For example, the anti-reflection film may be disposed on the surface of the pixel electrode 18, the video signal line 3 electrically connected thereto, the counter electrode 14, the anti-voltage signal line 4, and the scanning signal line 2 electrically connected thereto. . In the above description, the reduced reflection film 10 is formed on the top surfaces of the pixel electrode 18 and the counter electrode 14 after the counter electrode 14 is formed, and then a pixel electrode is formed. However, the present invention is not limited to the order of such processing steps. One layer of the reflection-reducing film 10 can be formed on the counter-electrode 14 after only the counter-electrode 14 is formed, and then, the pixel electrode 18 is formed, and the reflection is reduced. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -16- _L. · Ϋ I Jr I n I ϋ ii ϋ I »· IIII ϋ ϋ I ov a — — — — — — — — iJNET i (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this Page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 548489 A7 ____ B7 V. Description of the Invention 0) Another layer of the month 10 can also be formed on the pixel electrode 18. With this configuration, the same advantages as in the above example can also be obtained, although light lithography is used in each step of forming the reflection reducing film. • In the above example, the reflection reducing film 10 is made of a photosensitive organic mixture including a black pigment such as carbon, but the present invention is not limited to this material. Any material that has a large absorption coefficient and a small light reflectivity can provide the same advantages as the above example. In terms of materials that can obtain the advantages of the present invention, materials having a reflection coefficient of 0 to 50% to ultraviolet rays are preferred. Alignment films Alignment films 20 and 25 shown in FIG. It is made of amine and has a thickness of about 0.1 l // m. The polyimide film as described does not have a function of aligning liquid crystal molecules, and is irradiated with linearly polarized ultraviolet rays from, for example, a high-pressure mercury vapor lamp, an excimer laser, etc. to align the liquid crystal molecules. The polyimide film was irradiated with ultraviolet rays instead of the conventional rubbing treatment. The alignment direction of the alignment film is determined by the direction of the linearly polarized ultraviolet rays. In this embodiment, an ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 36.5 nm is irradiated onto the polyimide film with an energy of about 400 mJ / cm2. Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining a method of providing a polyimide film alignment film by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the polyimide film. The high-pressure mercury vapor lamp 3 1 is used as a light source. The light from the lamp 31 is split by the beam splitter 32 and enters the polarizer 34 through the mirror 33. The polarizer 3 4 is arranged to apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) relative to the paper size. -17- P · — — — — — — — — — 11 Itr —tr · — — — — — — — — _ (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives 548489 A7 _____ B7 V. Description of the invention (15) Transparent substrate with polyimide film 1 A, therefore, linearly polarized ultraviolet rays in the desired direction are irradiated on the polyimide film to obtain the alignment film. The effect of reducing the reflection film is inspected. As described above, reducing the formation of the reflection film can prevent The defect alignment of the alignment film occurs, and the mechanism of the alignment of the defect of the alignment film in the case of no reflection reduction film will be examined in further detail below. Assume that in Fig. 7, ultraviolet light 41 irradiates the light reflection film 40 in a direction orthogonal to the light reflection film 40. Ultraviolet light 4 1 is linearly polarized in a desired direction related to the traveling direction of ultraviolet light, as shown in FIG. 7, and it is confirmed that the amount of change in the polarization direction of light after reflection on the light reflecting film 40 is allowable . The same is true in the case where the light reflecting film 40 is inclined as indicated by reference numeral 42. When the main surface of the light reflection film is parallel to the polarization direction of the incident light, the difference between the polarization directions of the incident and reflected light can be ignored. However, when the main surface of the light reflection film is not parallel to the polarization of the incident light In the direction, as shown in reference numeral 4 3, the difference between the polarization directions of incident and reflected light cannot be ignored. In the operation of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, when linearly polarized light is irradiated on an alignment material film coated on a pixel and a counter electrode, a portion of the linearly polarized light is reflected by the electrode, and Irradiated again on the alignment material film. If there is a slope around the electrode, such as the edge of the electrode, and this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -18-IIJ · I 1-- 丨 丨 丨-· 丨 丨丨 丨 丨 丨 —Order · 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨 »(Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 548489 A7 _ B7 V. Invention Description 06) When this slope causes the reflection of linearly polarized light, the original The polarization direction of the linearly polarized light in a predetermined direction is changed from the above-mentioned reflection amount that is so large that it cannot be ignored. If the alignment material film is irradiated with linearly polarized light in a direction different from the predetermined direction due to the reflection, the portion of the alignment film illuminated by the linearly polarized light in an undesired direction provides local irregular alignment characteristics, as a result Causes defect alignment of liquid crystal molecules. In the above embodiment, the anti-reflection film is formed on the top surface of the pixel and the counter electrode, for example, to cover the relevant electrode. However, it is not necessary to cover the entire surface of the electrode. The portion causing the irregular alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is sufficient, that is, as long as a reflection-reducing film is formed to cover the amount of difference in polarization directions between incident and reflected light caused by reflection on the portion For the part of the electrode that is not accessible, just the edge of the pixel and the counter electrode. Therefore, the stacked film and layer of the electrode and the complicated structure near it sometimes make it difficult to accurately determine the part of the electrode that will not be accessible in the polarization direction due to reflection on that part, and therefore It is simple, reliable and effective to cover the pixel electrode including the video signal line and the counter electrode including the reverse voltage signal line as a whole. The liquid crystal display device of the above embodiment is a so-called planar switching type, in which fine electrodes are formed over a relevant large area on a substrate surface on the side of the liquid crystal layer, and therefore, polarized light appears in an unwanted direction. The disturbance of the alignment film caused by the irradiation, and the present invention provides a considerable advantage of such a flat-type liquid crystal display device. However, the present invention is not limited to the flat-type liquid crystal display device, and the paper size of the present invention is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ------------ --- ( Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Order: Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economics-19- 548489 A7 _B7_ V. Description of the invention (17) It can also be applied to the so-called vertical electric field type, and torsion The nematic liquid crystal display device, because the main difference between these two types is the pixel structure, while the other structures are substantially similar. • Incidentally, in a vertical electric field type liquid crystal display device, the transmission of light on each pixel is applied vertically across a liquid crystal material layer sandwiched between relatively transparent electrodes formed on the inner surface of a relatively transparent substrate. Electric field control 0. As described above, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can provide display images with high contrast and local level. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -20- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)