TW534845B - Improved powder metallurgy process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an improved powder metallurgy process comprising: mixing a ceramic powder with shape formation enhancing agent, such as a binder, a filler or lubricant; performing a shape forming operation, such as molding or extruding or forging or injecting or scraping, to form the mixture into a blank capable of absorbing microwave; heating the blank in a microwave for de-greasing; placing the de-greased semi-product in a sintering furnace to be sintered; and cooling the sintered product to obtain a product. The improvement comprises in performing the de-greasing process for the blank, the blank is placed in a microwave oven and power and time of microwave is adjusted for de-greasing by heating. During the de-greasing process, smoking caused by de-greasing can be directly observed through a view window, together with a suitable temperature control. Furthermore, a semi-product subjected to microwave de-greasing or a de-greased blank can be directly heated by microwave to a sintering temperature, followed by placing the semi-product or blank into a sintering furnace at the sintering temperature or directly sintering by microwave, thereby reducing the time and energy of gradual heating.

Description

534845 V. Description of the invention (1) The present invention can accelerate the manufacturing and remove the adhesive manufacturing method. According to the general plastic forming embryo, which includes a binder, mixing, and then forming or scraping, etc., such as the characteristics of the molding, the shape of the product, and therefore, the workpiece Shape is shot, the labor cost, a large amount of 30 vol% or more Appeared in, so today, the material at the end of the hair may be treated with the same degreasing treatment as the degreasing and thermal degreasing. 1 · The degreasing of the solvent involves a process, filling It is made of ceramic powder, which can be used to produce high-quality products, so there is no need to save it. Degreasing is the process of formulating ingredients. Generally, there are two types of square fats, additives, fillers, and powder metallurgy. It can save a hurt and energy cost, and can be used as a powder metallurgy polymer made of ceramic material as a fast drying agent or lubricant. It can be used as a filler and filler. (Near requires too much money, but its defect is that in a considerable process, in order to fill or lubricate the molding aid, it is molded and forged into the furnace for mold release. It is a raw material. There is a Net Shape follow-up processing office, which uses the key to judge the formation of raw embryos, which is important in polymers. The main problem of the present invention is to propose another method. The current comparative formula, in which the raw embryo infusion, the boundary Ceramics, this kind of agent, its manufacturing, extrusion. There is a general amount of production is better) or finished, its molding removal process. The molding method, that is, the special powder Valley easy-forming additive is injected into the polymer with a high complexity and microstructure through the injection of plastic. (Net can eliminate the need to add additives. Up to the degreasing process. Sintering powder is not targeted for a general degreasing process. It has a solvent. Into the solvent to extract the surfactant or lubricant from the raw embryo

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V. Description of the invention (2) ′ But this solvent degreasing method increases the processing cost. Hachiman produced the problem of mounting and recycling 2. Hot degreasing is to release raw embryo release agent, filler, and interface activity, and use high temperature to adhere MV V * media, step α, soil W, lubricant or polymer -Eight CX, ', mouth, and the removal of adhesion can be achieved directly or after the solvent is removed from the geese: the gas is harmless to humans, so I / sand Chen and it will only produce shadows to shape human health; t 箄 Π % / Combined degreasing environmental protection, recycling and & human health issues are the most used, but because the heating furnace needs to be preheated to reach the thermal degreasing temperature to produce defects, it still has considerable room for improvement λ easy to produce In other words, today is an environmentally friendly time-use and recycling, and solvent degreasing makes: In: the source of the guarantee, but also the restrictions on the number of uses is neither a waste of energy; therefore, one can ::: The heating furnace used is two-phase Γ and the energy-saving degreasing process technology 'is necessary and # π & ^ ~ The younger name is the injection molding technology to produce a complex shape inscription ceramic element process. "Before the invention patent Case, and from ί α Α σ /, we can see the degreasing step 骒Derived deletion, such that: • furnace ramp trouble 'waste of time; if it will be added at room temperature 534 845

= The time required for degreasing and the temperature required for the furnace to cool down after degreasing are shortened, which can reduce manufacturing costs and improve process efficiency. 2 ·, the amount is completely concentrated on the raw embryo. When heating in a general heating furnace, the energy of the eve is absorbed by the furnace body and is lost to the atmosphere. In fact, the degreasing energy required for the raw embryo is less than 30%. It is not economical to waste so much energy. 3-The general heating furnace, its furnace body is huge, heavy, and takes up a lot of space. The need to move the right will be a big problem, but it lacks mobility. 4. The equipment cost of the heating furnace is high. If the binder is decomposed and contaminated in the furnace, the heating body and the refractory are prone to problems, which shortens the service life and increases the expenditure and maintenance costs. 5 · Chemical chemistry, there is a limitation on the use of time, because if the solvent is used to degrease this agent for a period of time or increase the amount of raw embryos, it will inevitably reduce its chemical extractability, and the post-treatment of the spent chemical solvent is also an environmental protection problem. In addition, please also check the sintering process of the ceramics used in ceramics for the sintering of unstable ceramics. The microwave susceptor is formed in this case, and the characteristics of powder base protection, oxygen removal and heat conduction are investigated. Required for the process,. = "Degreasing" process for porcelain raw embryos, the aforementioned degreasing treatment (solvent denomination patent case, it is proposed to use the method 'mainly microwave technology should be applied') in an appropriate amount. The powder bed bed must be heated as required. However, these characteristics are aimed at ceramics, that is, the case before the sintering process has not been explored at all, therefore, grease, thermal degreasing) and other issues.

Page 6 534845 V. Description of the invention (4) 1 ---- The patent case No. 16 7 5 2 4 was not resolved. To sum up the above-mentioned shortcomings and problems, in view of the conventional degreasing method, the agent treatment is very troublesome, uneconomical and environmentally friendly, and the heating furnace of the thermal dehydration has a lack of wasted heating and cooling time. Therefore, I This is the motivation for brainstorming and promoting the improvement of the conventional powder metallurgy degreasing process, and it is hoped to propose an improved process to improve the disadvantages of the conventional degreasing equipment, such as the lack of mobility and the inability of energy to be completely concentrated. After many discussions, amendments and experiments, it is proved that In the end, the second version of the present invention with a new and improved method in this case is provided. The main purpose of the invention is to provide a method that can speed up the manufacturing process, reduce the cost of pain, quickly achieve drying and remove adhesives and fillers. The manufacturing process of powder materials and binders, fillers, or degreasing processes for forming green embryos after rolling, as well as avoiding problems such as wasted energy and heavy equipment, etc. Another object is to provide a device and method for saving temperature during heating and lowering to improve process efficiency. Cheng # ί The second purpose of the invention is to provide a system and method of energy concentration, and then achieve the goal of [energy saving]. Another object of the invention of the machine is to provide a process equipment and method with low equipment cost, convenience, and high mobility, which can reduce cost expenditure, and facilitate personnel to move and move. Invention Γ Here are some specific examples with drawings, detailed description of the manufacturing process, and the functional benefits that can be achieved, such as 纟, and the description with the eight bangs, but the number of the drawing is listed as follows.

534845

(1) Green embryo (2) Medium (3) Crucible (4) Microwave oven (5) Semi-finished product (6) Sintering furnace (7) Finished product The powder metallurgy process carried out by the present invention, the entire manufacturing process flow is as follows: ('U) Manufacture of raw embryos: raw embryos are made from ceramic powder and binder; M, injection or scraper, etc. (b) heating and degreasing: embed the raw embryos (1) in a crucible (3 ) Put the microwave-receiving medium (2) ¾ to promote the capillary by its medium ⑴, put it back in the microwave oven towel, and set the heating degreasing time as needed to properly heat the degreasing; ^ (c) sintering: degreasing The next semi-finished product (5) is placed in a sintering furnace to sinter the degreased raw embryo semi-finished product (5); (d) the finished product. According to the general procedure, the temperature is reduced and the original semi-finished product (5) is taken out from the sintering furnace (6), that is, A finished product (7) is obtained. The main process improvement in this case is the heating and degreasing stage. The direct innovation feature is: When the eight embryos (1) enter the degreasing process, the microwave-absorbing embryos (1) are placed in the microwave oven (4) furnace body. Medium, degreased after adjusting microwave power

534845 V. Description of the invention (6) ’In the degreasing process, the half of the degreasing, σ, σ, σ, and quot; are directly observed through the window; in addition, in the furnace body of the micro-furnace (6), the formula is. ; &Quot; /, 'Re-place the sintering temperature that has reached the sintering temperature gradually when the door 5 virtual 疋 At for direct microwave sintering; so' you can save _ _ Temple and this source; and the present invention Ku Xiu * 4 is $ ΙΑ. The comparison is as shown in the second figure = test, and the sintering time ί ^ Λ 度 Λ is tested with 1 400 seven and 145 generations Γ; also for density, see also the case Obtained & The degreasing process in the sintering process takes half the time difference: 1: 1: The degreasing time of this creation is only the cattle of the conventional technology, which is effective to save manufacturing time. t: The patent claim of the present invention is to use microwave heating to get rid of ϋ The improved technology can improve the 1 furnace of conventional degreasing method, which reduces the trouble of cooling and increases the process time; 2. The heating energy is not concentrated, which is not beneficial; 3. The furnace Poor space occupation and poor maneuverability; 4. Poor solvent performance, ^ caused by the lack of warranty issues, etc. In this way, the manufacturing method and equipment of the present invention can be replaced, which can speed up the manufacturing process, save costs, and quickly remove adhesives. , The effectiveness of fillers or lubricants, and the environmental protection function of reusable microwave absorbing media, which is quite suitable for the degreasing process of the shaped green embryo after the ceramic powder is mixed with the binder, filler or slip agent. Shan again, the above-mentioned microwave-absorbing embryo can contain carbon or carbide or nitride or titanate or oxide or sulfide or compound 534845 5. Description of the invention (7), in which carbonization The material may be SiC or TiC or WC; the nitride system may be TiN or A1N or Si3N4; the titanate system may be molybdenum titanate or calcium titanate or hafnium titanate or lead titanate; the oxide may be NiO or CoO Or CaMn03 or LaMn03 or $ 11〇2 or Ti02 * MgW04 * Mg0 or NiO or SrTi03 or SrZr03; the sulfide system can be FeS or MnS; the compound system is Fe2 03 -Me0, wherein the Fe2 03 can be combined with NiO or CO. Or MoO or MgO or ZnO or CuO or Li20 or CaO or FeO or dagger 0 or Pb0 or SrO or La2 03 or Cr2 03 or Sn02 or Yang 3 and so on, while NiO or Co 0 or M0 0 or MgO or ZnO Or CuO or Li20 or CaO or FeO or dagger 0 or PbO or Sr0 or

LaJ3 or CrJ3 or Sn〇2 or WO3 can be used singly or in combination. In addition, the above oxides can be added with LigO or LaA or CaO or SrO or Ti02 or 3132 05 or Ta205 or 0 factory. . Only the above-mentioned one is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it cannot be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention; that is, all equal changes and modifications made according to 1 = should belong to the invention patent =, 1 : i: The progress of the powder metallurgy process technology improvement method provided by the invention, and the innovation of the present invention is prayed. Monthly patent application

Page 10 534845 Brief Description of Drawings The first drawing is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of the present invention. The second figure is a comparison chart of the time of heating to the sintering temperature of the present invention and the conventional technology. The third figure is a comparison table of the compressive strength of the relative density of the present invention and the conventional technology after sintering. The fourth figure is a manufacturing flow chart comparing the degreasing time between the present invention and the conventional technology.

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Claims (1)

534845 六 、 Applicable patent scope: Improved powder metallurgy process technology 1. Put ceramic powder, binder, and filler together = the system process is the first, after molding or extrusion or forging or injection = = = after mixing, microwave generation β ， Making the raw embryos into a microwave oven to make absorbable and degreased semi-finished products and put them in a sintering furnace: Month: and then 2… and after the sintering is completed, the temperature will be improved. At that time, the human embryos were placed in a medium that could be used for cooking, and the green embryos and the medium were placed in the oven, and then the U-wave power I θ Μ A leather belly τ 1 //, Those who are degreased in the oven by adjusting the microwave power and time. 2 · If the first improvement in the scope of the patent application, the microwave-degreased raw embryos are directly microwaved to a sintering furnace, or directly micro-scaled. 3 · If the first scope of the patent application is improved, where: The microwave-absorbing system is a powder mainly composed of carbon, carbide, nitride or titanium compound. The powder metallurgy process technology described above is used for the degreasing temperature obtained by semi-finished products or other methods, and then put into the sintering temperature wave sintering. The described powder metallurgy process technology. The ceramic microwave absorption medium contained in the embryo. Acid or oxide or sulfide or chemical 4. The process technology improvement of powder metallurgy as described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the carbide is silicon carbide (Sic), titanium carbide (Tic) or tungsten carbide (WC). 5. The process technology improvement of powder metallurgy according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the nitride is titanium nitride (TiN) or aluminum nitride (AlN) or silicon nitride (Si3N4). 534845 6. Scope of patent application 6 • The process technology improvement of powder metallurgy as described in item 3 of the scope of patent application ', wherein the titanate is molybdenum titanate or calcium titanate or titanate or acid boat. 7 · The process technology improvement of powder metallurgy as described in item 3 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the oxide is nickel monoxide (Ni〇) or monoxide (CO) or calcium oxide (CaMn〇3) ) Or lanthanum manganate (1 ^^ 〇3) or oxidized dioxide (M%) or titanium dioxide (Ti〇2) or manganese tungstate (MgW〇4) or magnesium oxide (Mg〇) or 2 nickel oxide (NιO) Or strontium titanate (srTi03) or hafnium zirconate (SrZr03) or zirconium dioxide (zr02) or calcium oxide (ca0). ° 8 · According to the powder metallurgy process technology described in item 3 of the patent application scope, the oxide can be added with oxide chain (Li2〇) or lanthanum oxide (La2Q 3 stone) or emulsified dance (CaO) or oxide gill (Sr0 ) Or titanium dioxide (Ti〇2) or oxidation = (Sb205) or oxidation button (Ta205) or chromium oxide (Cr203) or compounds such as oxidation. Modification 9 · The powder metallurgy process technology described in item 3 of the scope of the patent application ^ 'wherein' the sulfide is iron sulfide (FeS) or manganese sulfide (MnS). To improve the process technology of powder metallurgy as described in item 3 of the scope of the patent application, wherein ‘the compound is ferric oxide, re2 (J3 ~ MeO) among metal oxides. change? 11 · ^ The powder metallurgy process technology (Fe " 0, ~ M, I) described in the scope of patent application No. 3, the compound is ferric oxide or A / ^ among metal oxides, where the trioxide Ferrous iron (FhO3) can be combined with nickel oxide (Ni〇) znm + i (C〇〇) or molybdenum oxide (Mo0) or magnesium oxide (Mg0) or oxide (2 gas copper (Cu0) or lithium oxide (LhO) Or calcium oxide (CaO) or oxidation Page 14 VI. Patent application scope Iron (Fe0) or beryllium oxide "lanthanum (La203) or hafnium oxide; Pingcuo (outside 0) or oxide record (Sr0) or oxygen rib 3) and so on. 2 3 ) Or hafnium oxide (Sn02) or tungsten trioxide (replacement of the lithium metal (Li2〇) oxygen of the powder metallurgical process technology mentioned above | " n0) or copper oxide (CuO) or oxidation-^ "} t ^^ (w〇3) " ί i ^ ar2〇3) Change the sound, · Douman contained in the powder metallurgy process technology 2 described in Dou Youming patent No. 3, the absorbable microwave embryo contained The proportion of the microwave absorbing medium η 77 may be any mixture of carbon or carbide or nitride or titanate or oxide or & compound or compound. 14. Powder metallurgy as described in item 1 of the patent scope Improved process technology, where the medium that does not absorb microwaves is a set of arbitrary proportions of alumina (Al203) or oxidized stone (S i 0?) Or oxidized junction (zr 0). 1 5 · If the scope of patent application The process technology improvement of powder metallurgy described in the first item 'wherein, the polymer component is a binder, a filler, a lubricant, etc.', and the component may contain Acryl ic, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polypropylene, polyacetal polymer, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer acetate), amorphous polypropylene (atactic polypropylene), rubber (styrene-butadienecoplymer), methyl cellulose ( Page 15 534845 VI. Scope of patent application methylcellulose), polyethylene, oxidized polyethylene, cellulose acetate, nylon, polystyrenes, polybutene ), Polysulfone, paraffin wax, mineral oil, vegetable oil, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty esters ester), hydrocarbon wax, epoxy, polyphenylene oxide, phenol, stearic acid, ester wax, oleic acid (Oleicacid), diethyl phthalate, formaldehyde. Page 16