515722 A7 _____B7 _ 五、發明說明（丨） 本發明是有關由若干環帶所表示之條碼，當該等環帶 被照射時，條碼可以被一讀取頭所讀取。 上述之條碼可以被使用於例如是針筒和泵浦之注射裝 置的卡匣上。 必須經常接受藥物注射之病患通常是使用一種被稱爲 筆式注射器之注射裝置，其中所需之劑量是從在注射器內 之卡匣中分配得到。用完的卡匣則能夠以全新的卡匣來更 換。另外一種可能性是使用一種被稱爲泵浦，其中非常少 量的劑量可以在短時間內被注入病患體內。此泵浦亦是從 一個位於泵浦內之可更換式卡匣中得到將被注射的液體。 該等卡匣必須帶有說明卡匣之內含物的印刷資料。此 項資料可以直接印製於卡匣上，或是印製於一個黏貼至卡 匣上之標籤。此外，該卡匣亦必須帶有一個用於界定該卡 匣之特定識別和其內含物的條碼，而且此條碼可以自動被 一讀碼機所讀取。上述之讀碼機可以適當安裝至使用該卡 匣的針筒或泵浦內，使得當卡匣被安裝至注射裝置內時’ 該條碼能夠自動被讀取。此項結果使得注射裝置能夠於一 顯示器上表示出卡匣內含物的資料，或是退出一個包含有 未被開立成爲處方之藥物或對於注射裝置無任何意義之藥 物的卡匣。 爲了要能夠以視覺來檢查卡匣之內含物’上述之卡匣 主要是由透明材料所製成，而且帶有印刷文字之標籤和條 碼至少有一部份是透明的。印刷好的文字會於文字之間和 行距之間保留有若干空間，而且文句亦不會覆蓋住該卡厘 3 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項爯填寫本頁) 訂---------· 515722 A7 ______B7____ 五、發明說明（> ) 之全部表面。 至於編碼的方式就會有所不同。爲了要描述此項問題 ’吾人將可以檢視圓柱形玻璃管形狀之一般常用卡匣，此 卡匣的一末端是被一個可以容許針頭穿刺之薄膜所封閉， 卡匣內的液體可以藉由將活塞壓入至該玻璃管內而被抽出 ，此活塞本身則會封閉住該玻璃管之另一末端。 上述之條碼通常被提供是一個具有垂直於該卡匣縱軸 而延伸之環帶的條碼。爲了確認該條碼能夠被安全地讀取 ，就特別要注意介於條碼與空間之間的最大對比狀況。於 是’該等條碼變成是黑色不透明線。當卡匣以其軸向進入 該注射裝置內時，一個位於該注射裝置內的讀取機會解讀 上述之條碼。然而，除非該卡匣被安裝時的旋轉位置已被 精確地監視，否則吾人無法確認條碼的環帶是否通過該讀 取機之解讀範圍。將環帶整個延伸至該卡匣的周圍是可以 解決上述之問題，但是造成難以用視覺檢查得知該卡匣中 被條碼覆蓋部份的內含物。當該卡匣內含物已被充滿而在 該區域內無需被檢查時，上述之條碼區域可以被限制在大 約1公分，而且活塞本身則被安置於此1公分的範圍內。 已商品化的條碼係於標籤上使用普通之印刷技術，與 最薄之環帶或最小之空間大小相對應的最小基本模組大約 是0·2公厘。甚至在此種精細的基本模組中，1公分大小的 空間僅能夠保留印刷空間予非常有限的資訊。由於正常的 條碼是需要若干啓始位元和終止位元，用以通知讀取機有 一條碼正要被解讀，而且另外還需要若干檢查位元，用以 4 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) · n il n n i n n 一：OJβ >1— n n n n ϋ ϋ < 515722 A7 ___ B7__ 五、發明說明（>/ ) 提供足夠的重複部份，以確保該條碼對於雜訊較不敏感， 於是，條碼所能提供的資訊數目則更進一步被減少。 另外一項無法採用以上述之精細基本模組的原因是很 難以用足夠之精確度來將標籤纏繞至卡匣的周圍。其中標 籤的邊緣與環帶的末端彼此之間僅相隔若干十分之一公厘 的距離。當條碼的讀取係沿著一條標籤邊緣所接觸到之直 線而發生時，倘若需要避免以上的錯誤出現，條碼則必須 採用一種較粗糙的基本模組。 本發明之目的係描述一個用於識別標示有內含物之卡 匣的機器可讀取式條碼，用以避免或減少上述問題的產生 0 以上結果的得到是藉由一個以若干環帶所表示之條碼 ，其中當環帶被照射時，條碼可以被一讀取頭所讀取，其 特徵爲該等環帶主要均爲透明的，而且每一個環帶沿其總 長提供有一個光柵，此光柵則被用來繞射和反射出去入射 至帶有該條碼之表面上的光線，使得當該條碼被一讀取光 線照射時，從條碼表面反射和繞射出去的上述光線中有極 少部份會被偵測到有環帶和環帶內所儲存的資料出現。 一個卡匣可以帶有一以若干環帶所表示之條碼，以上 這些環帶主要是與該卡匣之軸心保持垂直，而且每一個環 帶均爲透明的和沿著其總長提供有一個光柵，此光柵則被 用來繞射和反射出去入射至帶有條碼之表面上的光線，使 得當該條碼通過光線讀取區域時，從條碼表面反射出去之 光線中有極少部份會被偵測出有條碼出現。 5 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂--------- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 χ 297公釐） 515722 五、發明說明（以） 在該卡匣被插入至一個使用此卡匣之注射裝置內之後 ，當環帶通過一讀取裝置時，環帶上所儲存之資料可以藉 由連續照射該環帶而被讀取。 當該等環帶主要是透明的時，這些環帶可以分佈於卡 匣之全部長度上，而不致於影響到以視覺檢查卡匣的內含 物，另外亦可得到能夠提供更多資料的較佳空間和於該等 環帶之間提供較大的空間。尺寸較大之環帶，以及介於環 帶之間的較大空間，導致對於讀取頭之光學元件的精確度 要求降低，因而容許以低成本結構來製作該讀取頭。 該等光柵無須組成一個覆蓋該環帶之整體構造。該環 帶是由帶有一光柵和塡滿該環帶之區域的間隔長條、圓點 或小島形部位所組成，其中介於長條、圓點或小島形部位 之間的間隔距離要小於光線讀取範圍之最小尺寸。 光柵線的位置會依據不同環帶而改變，使得藉由從不 同環帶繞射出來之干涉光線組所界定的平面具有不同之位 置。 倘若位置的選擇能夠使得每一個環帶均具有二種界定 位置其中之一位置的光柵，從該條碼所反射出來的光線則 可以被解釋成代表著二進位碼中的“Γ和“〇” 。 當光柵線的二種界定位置被使用時，該二行進方向可 以被適宜地安置成彼此相互垂直，並且此二行進方向於環 帶上被定位而組成一個與該等環帶之邊緣保持45度角。 該光柵可以被提供成爲是在該環帶上的精細反射線， 或是藉由帶有該等環帶之材料表面環帶區域上的波形而成 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） — II--------•裝--------訂—:----· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 515722 A7 ____ _B7 五、發明說明（< ) 爲精細反射線。 該波形可以被提供成爲是在帶有該等環帶之材料表面 環帶區域上的交錯隆起部位與凹下部位。 該波形的橫剖面可以是正弦波、方波或鋸齒波的形狀 0 該等環帶可以分佈於一卡匣之總長上，此卡匣則可以 是一個具有繞圏環帶之旋轉對稱形安韶;。 特別是當一"^匣是由塑膠材料所製成時，該等光柵則 可以被製作於該卡匣表面上，但是光柵亦可以被提供於一 個黏貼至該卡匣之標籤上。 上述條碼係有關於在醫療裝置之卡匣上的使用，但是 此條碼亦可隨意用於會影響外觀或妨礙該條碼部份的檢查 之一般條碼。 圖示簡單說明： 在下列中，·參考附圖，本發明得以被更進一步詳加描 述，其中： 圖1槪略表示出一個被提供有繞圏環帶之安瓿，此繞 圏環帶則提供有光柵。_ 圖2槪略表示出一個表面上提供有方波形之光柵的橫 剖面視圖。 圖3槪略表示出一個表面上提供有鋸齒波形之光柵的 橫剖面視圖。 圖4槪略表示出入射到具有光柵之環帶上的光線如何 7 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） ^^裝-----—訂-------— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 515722 A7 _B7___ 五、發明說明（k ) 被反射和繞射出去。 圖5是與圖4相對應，其中該環帶是由具有光柵之圓 點所組成。 圖6表示出一個讀取頭安裝至一電路板上。 圖7是與圖6相對應，其中該讀取頭有一半被切除。 圖8是圖7的透視圖形。 圖9是與圖7相對應，其中光線的行進路徑被表示出 來。 圖10表示出圖9的上視圖。 圖11表示出偵測器的實際訊號。 圖12槪略表示出一個主要是以硬體爲基礎的偵測系統 。以及 圖13槪略表示出一個主要是以軟體爲基礎的偵測系統 〇 元件符號說明： 1.圓柱形安瓿 2·環帶 3·環帶 . 4.環帶 5·環帶 6.隆起部位 7.凹下部位 8·箭頭 9.箭頭 11.直線 8 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 515722 A7 _B7 五、發明說明（1 ) 12.區域 13.直線 14.虛線 15.偵測器 16.偵測器. 17.圓點 20·讀取頭 21·電路板 22.表面 23.孔洞 24.孔洞 25.孔洞 26.輸出窗口 27·輸入窗口 28.孔洞 29.表面 30.傾斜表面’ 31.孔洞 32.全反射表面 33·偵測器 34.光線 3 5.光源 37.光線 38·卡匣 39.光線 . 40.偵測器 41.光線/""虛線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂---------繞 %, 較佳實施例詳細說明： 圖1槪略表示出一個由一圓柱形安瓿1所組成的卡匣 ，此圓柱形安飯沿著其長度上提供有若干個間隔環帶2、3 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 515722 A7 _____B7 五、發明說明（冬） 、4、5，這些環帶本身則以與該安瓿之縱向軸心保持垂直 之方式而延伸繞著整個安瓿的周圍，而且每一個環帶還提 供有一組成光柵之構造。光柵在個別不同環帶上的位置會 依據不同環帶而改變。然而，在圖形所示之應用實例中， 環帶之光栅的位置則是二種被界定組成一與環帶邊緣或圓 柱形卡匣母線呈45度角之正交方向的其中之一方向。其中 該等環帶2、3、5被定位成是二種被界定正交方向的其中 之一方向，而環帶4則是另外一個被界定的正交方向。 在此項應用實例中，有二種主要的行進方向被選擇用 來得到一個二進位條碼，但是其他更多種的可能行進方向 亦可以被選擇用來得到具有更高階基本數字的條碼。其中 二種主要行進方向的正交定位是被選擇用來得到代表著“0 ”和“Γ之反射光束間的最大差異値。與母線呈45度的 角度則被選擇用來得到該偵測器適宜之安裝位置。 位於該等環帶上之該等光柵是由該卡匣或黏貼至卡匣 上之標籤材料表面之波形所提供。此波形可以被製作成使 得該光柵的橫剖面具有如圖2所示之方波形，圖2槪略表 示出表面是如何被提供有隆起部位6和凹下部位7。此外 ，圖2亦槪略表示出以箭頭8所示之方向到達表面的入射 光是如何以箭頭9所示之不同方向被繞射出去。由於該卡 匣和其上可能出現之標籤的材料均爲透明的，所以大部份 入射光線將會通過該卡匣而不會產生繞射，但是極少數通 過光柵之表面構造的光線將會被繞射出去，而且極少數入 射到表面上之光線亦將沿著箭頭9所示之方向被繞射出去 10 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------^--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 515722 A7 __B7_____ 五、發明說明（1 ) 。以上這些代表著第一階、第二階、第三階等之繞射現象 的方向可以藉由使用下列公式，依據入射光線之波長和光 柵之尺寸大小而計算得到： n s i η <9 = d λ 其中n是光線的階數，d是介於光柵線之間的距離’ 以及λ是入射光之波長。已知使用單色光將可確保得到界 定良好的光線，而使用白光則會造成每一條光線變成彩虹 顏色之扇形。 倘若一種具有如圖3所示之鋸齒形橫剖面的波形被使 用，入射光僅會被反射至位於該入射光束一側的不同方向 上，其中箭頭8表示入射光線之行進方向，箭頭9表示反 射出去之干涉光線之行進方向。藉由此種類的光柵，二種 分別代表著和“Γ之光柵的行進方向可以相對於彼 此而旋轉180度，而具有如圖2所示之形狀的光柵最多僅 能夠旋轉90度。 圖4表示出該卡匣之一部份在入射光的方向上被看到 。一個整個延伸至卡匣周圍之環帶提供有一個光柵，此光 柵則被安置於由在同一方向上之直線11所表示的表面上隆 起部位。一部份入射到位於區域12內之環帶表面的光線將 會被繞射出去而成爲在一由直線13所示之平面上的光線。 藉由與標示爲線11之光柵正交的光栅，該等由虛線14所 標示之平面的繞射光線將被偵測到。位於個別不同平面上 的偵測器15和16可以被安置成每一個偵測器能夠感測到 從該環帶中所選擇階數的繞射干涉光線。倘若在討論中之 11 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)515722 A7 _____B7 _ V. Description of the Invention (丨) The present invention relates to a bar code represented by a number of endless belts. When these endless belts are illuminated, the bar code can be read by a reading head. The above barcodes can be used on cartridges of syringes and pumped injection devices, for example. Patients who must receive frequent injections of drugs usually use an injection device called a pen syringe, in which the required dose is dispensed from a cassette inside the syringe. Used cartridges can be replaced with new ones. Another possibility is to use what is called a pump, in which very small doses can be injected into a patient in a short period of time. The pump also gets the liquid to be injected from a replaceable cassette inside the pump. The cassettes must carry printed information describing the contents of the cassettes. This information can be printed directly on the cassette or a label affixed to the cassette. In addition, the cassette must also have a barcode defining the specific identification of the cassette and its contents, and the barcode can be automatically read by a barcode reader. The above-mentioned barcode reader can be appropriately installed in a syringe or a pump using the cartridge, so that when the cartridge is installed in an injection device, the barcode can be automatically read. This result enables the injection device to display information on the contents of the cartridge on a display, or to withdraw a cartridge containing a drug that has not been prescribed or has no meaning to the injection device. In order to be able to visually check the contents of the cassette, the above cassette is mainly made of transparent material, and at least a part of the label and bar code with printed text is transparent. The printed text will leave some space between the text and the line spacing, and the sentence will not cover the caliper. 3 This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (please First read the notes on the back and fill in this page) Order --------- · 515722 A7 ______B7____ 5. The entire surface of the invention description (>). As for the encoding method, it will be different. In order to describe this problem, I will be able to inspect the commonly used cassette of the shape of a cylindrical glass tube. One end of the cassette is closed by a film that allows the needle to pierce. The liquid in the cassette can be closed by the piston. It is pressed into the glass tube and pulled out, and the piston itself closes the other end of the glass tube. The above barcode is usually provided as a barcode having an endless belt extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cassette. In order to confirm that the barcode can be read safely, special attention should be paid to the maximum contrast between the barcode and the space. So ‘these barcodes are black opaque lines. When the cassette enters the injection device in its axial direction, a reader located inside the injection device interprets the above barcode. However, unless the rotation position when the cassette is installed has been accurately monitored, we cannot confirm whether the endless band of the bar code passes through the reading range of the reader. Extending the entire loop around the cassette can solve the above problems, but it is difficult to visually check the contents of the cassette covered by the barcode. When the contents of the cassette have been filled and there is no need to be inspected in this area, the above barcode area can be limited to about 1 cm, and the piston itself is placed within this 1 cm range. Commercialized bar codes use ordinary printing technology on the labels. The smallest basic module corresponding to the thinnest belt or the smallest space is about 0.2 mm. Even in this fine basic module, the space of 1 cm can only hold the printing space for very limited information. As a normal bar code requires several start bits and stop bits, it is used to inform the reader that a code is about to be decoded, and it also needs several check bits to apply the Chinese paper standard (CNS 4) ) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) · n il nninn 1: OJβ > 1— nnnn ϋ ϋ < 515722 A7 ___ B7__ 5. Description of the invention (> /) Provide enough repeating parts to ensure that the bar code is less sensitive to noise, so the amount of information that the bar code can provide is further reduced. Another reason why the above-mentioned fine basic module cannot be adopted is that it is difficult to wind the label around the cassette with sufficient accuracy. The edge of the label and the end of the endless belt are separated from each other by a few tenths of a millimeter. When the reading of the bar code occurs along the straight line of the edge of a label, if the above errors need to be avoided, the bar code must use a rougher basic module. The purpose of the present invention is to describe a machine-readable bar code for identifying a cassette marked with its contents, in order to avoid or reduce the above problems. 0 The above results are obtained by a number of loops The barcode can be read by a reading head when the endless belt is irradiated. It is characterized in that the endless belts are mainly transparent, and each endless belt provides a grating along its total length. It is used to diffract and reflect the light incident on the surface with the barcode, so that when the barcode is illuminated by a reading light, a small part of the light reflected and diffracted from the surface of the barcode will be An endless zone and the data stored in the endless zone were detected. A cassette can have a bar code represented by a number of endless bands, which are mainly kept perpendicular to the axis of the cassette, and each of the endless bands is transparent and a grating is provided along its total length. This grating is used to diffract and reflect the light incident on the surface with the barcode, so that when the barcode passes through the light reading area, a very small part of the light reflected from the surface of the barcode will be detected. A bar code appears. 5 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -------- Order --------- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (21〇χ 297 public) (Centi) 515722 5. Description of the invention (to) After the cassette is inserted into an injection device using the cassette, when the endless belt passes through a reading device, the data stored on the endless belt can be continuously irradiated The endless belt is read. When the endless belts are mainly transparent, they can be distributed over the entire length of the cassette without affecting the contents of the cassette by visual inspection. Provide better space and provide greater space between such belts. The larger size of the endless belt, and the larger space between the endless belts, lead to a reduction in the accuracy requirements of the optical elements of the read head, thus allowing the read head to be manufactured with a low cost structure. The gratings need not constitute a monolithic structure covering the annulus. The endless belt is composed of a strip, dots, or small island-shaped portions with a grating and an area filled with the endless belt, wherein the distance between the strips, dots, or small island-shaped portions is smaller than the light The minimum size of the reading range. The position of the grating line will be changed according to different endless bands, so that the planes defined by the interference rays set diffracted from different endless bands have different positions. Provided that the position is selected such that each ring zone has a grating defining one of two positions, the light reflected from the bar code can be interpreted as representing "Γ and" 0 "in the binary code. When the two defined positions of the raster line are used, the two directions of travel can be suitably arranged to be perpendicular to each other, and the two directions of travel are positioned on the endless belts to form a 45-degree position with the edges of the endless belts. The grating can be provided as a fine reflection line on the annulus, or it can be formed by the waveform on the annulus region of the surface of the material with the annulus. 6 This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS ) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) — II -------- • Installation -------- Order —: ---- · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) 515722 A7 ____ _B7 5. The invention description (&) is a fine reflection line. This waveform can be provided as a staggered hump and a recess on the surface zone area of the material with such zones. The waveform Can be sine, square, or sawtooth The shape of these rings can be distributed over the total length of a cassette, and the cassette can be a rotationally symmetric Anshao with a loop around the loop. Especially when a " ^ cassette is made of plastic material When finished, the gratings can be made on the surface of the cassette, but the gratings can also be provided on a label attached to the cassette. The above barcode is related to the use on the cassette of a medical device, However, this bar code can also be used for general bar codes that will affect the appearance or hinder the inspection of the bar code part. The diagram is briefly explained: In the following, the present invention can be further described in detail with reference to the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 schematically shows an ampoule provided with an orbital loop, and this orbital loop is provided with a grating. _ Fig. 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a grating with a square waveform provided on the surface. A cross-sectional view of a grating provided with a sawtooth waveform on the surface is shown in outline. Figure 4 shows how the light incident on the ring zone with the grating is shown. 210 X 297 public love) ^^ equipment ------ order ----------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 515722 A7 _B7___ 5. Description of the invention (k) is reflected and Diffraction. Figure 5 corresponds to Figure 4, where the endless belt is composed of dots with a grating. Figure 6 shows a reading head mounted on a circuit board. Figure 7 corresponds to Figure 6 Among them, half of the reading head is cut off. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 corresponds to Fig. 7 in which a light path is shown. Fig. 10 shows a top view of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 It shows the actual signal of the detector. Figure 12 shows a detection system based mainly on hardware. And Fig. 13 shows a detection system mainly based on software. Symbol description of components: 1. Cylindrical ampoule 2 · endless belt 3 · endless belt. 4. endless belt 5 · endless belt 6. raised area 7 .Recessed part 8 · Arrow 9.Arrow 11.Straight line 8 This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ----------------- --- Order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 515722 A7 _B7 V. Description of the invention (1) 12. Area 13. Straight line 14. Dotted line 15. Detector 16. Detector. 17. Dot 20 · Reading head 21 · Circuit board 22. Surface 23. Hole 24. Hole 25. Hole 26. Output window 27 · Input window 28. Hole 29. Surface 30. Inclined surface ' 31. Hole 32. Total reflection surface 33. Detector 34. Light 3 5. Light source 37. Light 38. Cassette 39. Light. 40. Detector 41. Light / " " Dotted line (please read the back first) Please note this page before filling in this page) -------- Order --------- Winding%, the detailed description of the preferred embodiment: Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a cylindrical ampoule 1 Composed of cassettes, this cylindrical ampere runs along its length A number of spaced-apart belts 2 and 3 are provided. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 515722 A7 _____B7 V. Description of the invention (winter), 4, 5 Extending around the entire ampoule in a manner perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ampoule, each ring belt is also provided with a structure that constitutes a grating. The position of the grating on each different ring zone will change according to different ring zones. However, in the application example shown in the figure, the position of the grating of the endless belt is one of two directions which are defined to form an orthogonal direction at an angle of 45 degrees to the edge of the endless belt or the cylindrical cassette busbar. Among them, the endless belts 2, 3, and 5 are positioned as one of two defined orthogonal directions, and the endless belt 4 is the other defined orthogonal direction. In this application example, two main travel directions are selected to obtain a binary bar code, but other more possible travel directions can also be selected to obtain bar codes with higher-order basic numbers. Two of the two main directions of orthogonal positioning were selected to obtain the maximum difference between the reflected beams representing "0" and "Γ". An angle of 45 degrees to the generatrix was selected to obtain the detector Appropriate installation position. The gratings on the endless belts are provided by the waveform of the cassette or label material attached to the cassette. This waveform can be made so that the cross section of the grating has The square waveform shown in Fig. 2 shows how the surface is provided with the raised portion 6 and the recessed portion 7. In addition, Fig. 2 also shows how the incident light reaching the surface in the direction shown by arrow 8 is How to be diffracted in different directions shown by arrow 9. Since the material of the cassette and the labels that may appear on it are transparent, most of the incident light will pass through the cassette without diffraction. However, a very small amount of light passing through the surface of the grating will be diffracted, and a very small amount of light incident on the surface will also be diffracted in the direction shown by arrow 9. 10 This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- ^ --------- (Please read the precautions on the back first (Fill in this page again) 515722 A7 __B7_____ 5. Explanation of the invention (1). The directions of the above-mentioned diffraction phenomena representing the first order, second order, third order, etc. can be determined by using the following formula according to the wavelength of the incident light And the size of the grating: nsi η < 9 = d λ where n is the order of the light, d is the distance between the grating lines' and λ is the wavelength of the incident light. It is known to use monochromatic light It will ensure that well-defined light is obtained, and the use of white light will cause each light to become a fan of rainbow colors. If a waveform with a zigzag cross section as shown in Figure 3 is used, the incident light will be reflected only to the location In different directions on one side of the incident beam, arrow 8 indicates the direction of incident light rays, and arrow 9 indicates the direction of interference light rays reflected out. With this type of grating, two types represent the The directions of travel can be rotated 180 degrees relative to each other, with The grating shape shown in FIG. 2 only can be rotated up to 90 degrees. Figure 4 shows that a part of the cassette is seen in the direction of the incident light. An endless band extending to the periphery of the cassette is provided with a grating which is placed on a raised portion on the surface represented by a line 11 in the same direction. A part of the light incident on the surface of the endless belt located in the area 12 will be diffracted and become a light on a plane indicated by a straight line 13. With a grating orthogonal to the grating labeled line 11, the diffracted rays of the plane indicated by the dotted line 14 will be detected. The detectors 15 and 16 located on individual different planes can be arranged such that each detector can sense the diffraction interference rays of a selected order from the ring zone. If 11 paper sizes under discussion apply to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
· -ϋ n u I - n n 一一OJI n n n n n n an I %· 515722 A7 五、發明說明（V。） 環帶的光柵如圖4所示被定向，該干涉光將會入射到偵測 器丨5，於是，從具有一與上述光柵正交之光柵的環帶所傳 來之干涉光線將使共振光線入射到偵測器16。以此方式， 從一個偵測器所傳來的訊號可以代表“〇” ，從另外一個偵 測器所傳來的訊號可以代表“Γ 。從該二偵測器中傳來的 伴隨訊號表示由該等環帶外之卡匣表面上所散射之反射光 均入射到該二偵測器，藉以，沒有偵測器傳出訊號則表示 光線是入射到一"個吸收區域或是非反射區域，而非入射到 一個環帶。 藉由上述條碼，從一個和僅有偵測器15或16的其中 之一偵測器所傳來的訊號表示一個屬於該條碼的環帶正通 過該偵測器。在一般常用的條碼中，由於交錯出現環帶和 間隔不同所造成的光線變化會被感測到和組成資料，其中 還必須要以環帶和間隔之特定序列開始讀取動作，使得讀 取機能夠確認條碼正要被讀取。倘若沒有以上的啓始條碼 ’光線中所產生之任意變化將會被錯誤地解讀成資訊。 在圖5中，其中說明單一環帶是如何由帶有一光柵之 圓點Π所組成，只要覆蓋住區域12之讀取光線範圍的直 徑大小和圓點17間之間隔被配置成可以使得至少有一個圓 點會被讀取光線範圍所涵蓋。在此所示之光柵區域是圓點 形狀’但是亦可以是具有規則或不規則之條狀或小島狀。 倘若帶有光栅的區域有任何部位是落在該讀取光線範圍內 ’偵測器15或16的其中之一會接收到一個訊號。 光源和該等偵測器均爲設計用來安裝至一電路板上的 12 广請先閱讀背面之注音？事項再填寫本頁) ------ 訂-------- % 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 515722 A7 _ B7_____ 五、發明說明（) 電子元件。然而，其中光源必須被安置成能夠使得入射光 線主要是與帶有即將被讀取之條碼的表面保持垂直，而且 偵測器亦必須被安置成能夠使得被選擇過之繞射光線可以 入射到該偵測器。爲了符合以上之要求，提供有一個如圖 6所示之讀取頭20。此讀取頭20是由透明材料所組成，而 且可以被安裝至一電路板21上和具有容許發出之光線與從 被讀取機解讀之條碼中所接收到之光線穿過其中的表面22 。在如圖6所示之讀取頭中提供有一個孔洞23，此孔洞對 於光源所需之光路是非常重要，另外，孔洞24和25則對 於繞射、反射出去之光線是非常重要。 圖7表示出上述之讀取頭的橫剖面視圖。從圖形中可 以看到一個光源的輸出窗口 26和一個偵測器的輸入窗口 27。在光源輸出窗口 26之上方的孔洞28是提供於讀取頭 20之材料內，此孔洞28的上側會被一個與從光源傳出之 光線方向保持垂直的表面29所限制住，通過此表面29的 光線則不會被繞射。光線隨後將會入射到一個位於孔洞23 底部處之傾斜表面30和將會被反射成爲一個與表面22垂 直之水平光線。該等光線偵測器亦同樣地被安裝至電路板 21的孔洞內，此光線偵測器的上側亦會被與電路板保持平 行的表面所限制住，而且此光線偵測器的上方會有傾斜表 面提供於孔洞24和25的底部處。然而，光路是與位於孔 洞24和25之底部處的傾斜表面所反射經過表面22繞射之 光線相反，最後入射到上述之偵測器。該孔洞31提供用來 組成一個用於從光源傳來之光線所需的小孔’用以於條碼 13 --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 515722 A7 ______B7____ 五、發明說明（ 上形成一個合適之光點。 圖8表示出位於電路板21上之讀取頭20之透視圖形 ，用以說明讀取頭、光源和偵測器如何被安裝於該電路板 的相對側邊上，以及說明有一個全反射表面32出現於孔洞 24的底部處，此全反射表面則被用來將一反射、繞射出去 的光線導引朝向一偵測器33。 圖9表示出被安裝於電路板21上之讀取頭20的橫剖 面側視圖和說明光路方向。從該光源35傳來的光線34是 從該同一光源之輸出窗口 26發射出去，經過表面29，然 後入射到表面30，再經由此表面30而被反射成爲一個通 過該讀取頭之該表面22的光線37，最後再入射到一卡匣 38上將讀取之條碼。依據在該讀取條碼過程中解除模式之 方向，被反射、折射出去的光線39會被傳送朝向位於該孔 洞24或25其中之一孔洞底部處的全反射表面。如圖9所 示之光線39是一個被繞射出去而朝向位於孔洞25底部處 之全反射表面（圖形中未表示出來）的光線，藉由此全反 射表面之作用，光線則會被導引進入至該偵測器40的該輸 入窗口 27內。 圖10表示出如圖9所示之讀取頭的上視圖和說明從位 於該卡匣38上之條碼處所繞射出去的光線可以被繞射出去 而朝向孔洞24，而且還會被位於該孔洞24之底部處的全 反射表面3 2所反射出去’最後再經過該偵測器3 3的輸入 窗口。此種可能的繞射光線在圖形中是以虛線41來表示。 値得注意之處是上述的光線39和41不會筆直地入射到該 14 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) · 1111 111 ^ · 11 — II--I 故 %, 515722 A7 ______Β7__ 五、發明說明（d) 表面22，因此，當通過該表面22時，這些光線會稍微被 折射出去。 從二個反射、繞射光線之偵測器所得到的訊號可以被 用來感測在全像術範圍內所編碼之條碼。 從二個偵測器中所得到之典型訊號組被表示於圖11中 〇 該偵測系統之使用目的是要從偵測器訊號中取得條碼 的資料。 二種不同的基本偵測原理分別爲： 一種主要是以硬體爲基礎的偵測系統。 -種主要是以軟體爲基礎的偵測系統。 以硬體爲基礎之偵測系統： 以硬體爲基礎之偵測系統的操作是對於每一個頻道均 採用一固定的偵測臨界値，使得任何低於此臨界値的訊號 爲“低位準”，而任何高於此臨界値的訊號則爲“高位準 〇 從二個偵測頻道0和1所得到的臨界値訊號可以藉由 採用XOR原理來分析是否爲有效訊號，XOR原理亦即是 倘若有一有效訊號出現時·，僅有一個頻道會產生“高位準 ”訊號。此種狀況可以被一個被標示爲XOR閘的硬體部件 所偵測，而且從此XOR閘之輸出是藉由產生時脈訊號來告 知例如是一微處理器其中出現了一個有效訊號。此種配置 方式被表示於圖12中。 當上述之微處理器接收到時脈訊號時，此微處理器會 15 - ---------f--------訂.！ i (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 515722 A7 五、發明說明（A) 讀取偵測器〇和1的訊號數値，然後再從該訊號數値中決 定相對應的條碼位元數値。 以軟體爲基礎之偵測系統： 以軟體爲基礎之偵測系統的操作是藉由將從光學偵測 器所得到之二類比訊號轉換成爲數位型式，然後再分析以 數位型式儲存之訊號。此種配置方式被表示於圖13中。 從偵測器〇和1所得到的類比訊號會被導引至類比數 位轉換器ADO和AD1，此二類比數位轉換器以被包括於本 項系統之微處理器內爲較佳。此二類比數位轉換器則會將 類比資料轉換爲數位的型式。 ' 當資料被記錄時，一個條碼偵測邏輯被用來取得在偵 測器訊號中所內含的條碼資訊。相較於上述之以硬體爲^ 礎的偵測系統，採用此種以軟體爲基礎之偵測系統是需要 數目較多的微處理器，但是亦提供了能夠使用更先進之偵 測原理的可行性。其中包括有抑制和過濾在偵測器訊 所出現的雜訊、補償該等偵測器變化之敏感度等。 ^ 16 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁>· -Ϋ nu I-nn-OJI nnnnnn an I% 515722 A7 V. Description of the invention (V.) The grating of the annulus is oriented as shown in Figure 4, and the interference light will be incident on the detector. Thus, interference light from an endless belt having a grating orthogonal to the grating will cause the resonance light to enter the detector 16. In this way, the signal from one detector can represent "0", and the signal from the other detector can represent "Γ." The accompanying signal from the two detectors is represented by The reflected light scattered on the surface of the cassettes outside the annular bands is incident on the two detectors. Therefore, if there is no signal from the detector, it means that the light is incident on an "absorptive area" or a non-reflective area. Rather than incident on a loop. With the above barcode, a signal from one and only one of the detectors 15 or 16 indicates that a loop belonging to the barcode is passing through the detector. In the commonly used bar codes, the light changes caused by the interlaced bands and gaps will be sensed and composed of data. Among them, the reading sequence must be started with a specific sequence of bands and gaps to make the reading The machine can confirm that the bar code is about to be read. If there is no above-mentioned starting bar code, any changes in the light will be erroneously interpreted as information. In Figure 5, it illustrates how a single endless belt is The grid is composed of dots Π, as long as the diameter of the reading light range covering the area 12 and the interval between the dots 17 are configured so that at least one dot will be covered by the reading light range. The grating area shown is in the shape of dots', but it can also have regular or irregular stripes or small island shapes. If any part of the area with the grating falls within the range of the reading light, the detector 15 or 16 One of them will receive a signal. The light source and these detectors are all designed to be mounted on a circuit board. Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page) ------ Order --------% This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 515722 A7 _ B7_____ 5. Description of the invention () Electronic components. However, the light source must be placed into In order to make the incident light mainly perpendicular to the surface with the bar code to be read, the detector must also be arranged so that the selected diffracted light can enter the detector. In order to comply with the above Request There is a reading head 20 as shown in Fig. 6. The reading head 20 is made of a transparent material, and can be mounted on a circuit board 21 and has a bar code that allows light to be emitted and read from a reader. The light received in the light passes through the surface 22. A hole 23 is provided in the reading head as shown in Fig. 6. This hole is very important for the light path required by the light source. In addition, the holes 24 and 25 are for The diffracted and reflected light is very important. Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the above read head. From the figure, you can see an output window 26 of a light source and an input window 27 of a detector. The hole 28 above the window 26 is provided in the material of the reading head 20. The upper side of the hole 28 is restricted by a surface 29 that is perpendicular to the direction of the light emitted from the light source. The light passing through this surface 29 is Will not be diffracted. The light will then be incident on an inclined surface 30 at the bottom of the hole 23 and will be reflected as a horizontal light perpendicular to the surface 22. These light detectors are also installed in the holes of the circuit board 21, and the upper side of the light detector will be restricted by a surface that is parallel to the circuit board. An inclined surface is provided at the bottom of the holes 24 and 25. However, the optical path is opposite to the light diffracted by the surface 22 reflected by the inclined surface at the bottom of the holes 24 and 25, and finally enters the above-mentioned detector. The hole 31 is provided to form a small hole required for the light transmitted from the light source 'for the barcode 13 -------------------- order- ------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 515722 A7 ______B7____ 5. Description of the invention A suitable light spot. Figure 8 shows a perspective view of a read head 20 on a circuit board 21 to illustrate how the read head, light source, and detector are mounted on opposite sides of the circuit board, and a description A total reflection surface 32 appears at the bottom of the hole 24, and this total reflection surface is used to guide a reflected, diffracted light toward a detector 33. Fig. 9 shows that it is mounted on the circuit board 21 A cross-sectional side view of the upper read head 20 and the direction of the light path. The light 34 from the light source 35 is emitted from the output window 26 of the same light source, passes through the surface 29, and then enters the surface 30, and then passes there. The surface 30 is reflected as a light 37 passing through the surface 22 of the read head, and finally The bar code to be read on a cassette 38. According to the direction of releasing the mode during the bar code reading, the light 39 reflected and refracted will be transmitted toward the bottom of one of the holes 24 or 25 The total reflection surface shown in FIG. 9. The light 39 shown in FIG. 9 is a light diffracted toward the total reflection surface (not shown in the figure) located at the bottom of the hole 25. By the effect of the total reflection surface, the light It will be guided into the input window 27 of the detector 40. Fig. 10 shows the top view and description of the reading head shown in Fig. 9 and is diffracted from the bar code location on the cassette 38. The light can be diffracted toward the hole 24, and it will be reflected by the total reflection surface 32 at the bottom of the hole 24, and finally pass through the input window of the detector 33. Such a possible The diffracted light is represented by the dotted line 41 in the figure. It should be noted that the above-mentioned light rays 39 and 41 will not enter the 14 straight. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). Love) (please read Note on the back, please fill out this page again) · 1111 111 ^ · 11 — II--I So%, 515722 A7 ______ Β7__ 5. Description of the invention (d) Surface 22, so when passing through the surface 22, these light rays will be slightly Refracted. The signals obtained from the two reflected and diffracted light detectors can be used to sense bar codes encoded in the hologram range. The typical signal set obtained from the two detectors is It is shown in Figure 11. The purpose of the detection system is to obtain bar code data from the detector signal. The two different basic detection principles are: One is a hardware-based detection system. -A detection system mainly based on software. Hardware-based detection system: The operation of the hardware-based detection system is to use a fixed detection threshold for each channel, so that any signal below this threshold is "low level" , And any signal higher than this critical value is “high level.” The critical signal obtained from the two detection channels 0 and 1 can be analyzed by using the XOR principle to determine whether it is a valid signal. The XOR principle is also if When a valid signal appears, only one channel will generate a "high level" signal. This condition can be detected by a hardware component marked as an XOR gate, and the output of the XOR gate is generated by the clock Signal to inform, for example, that a valid signal appears in a microprocessor. This configuration is shown in Figure 12. When the above-mentioned microprocessor receives a clock signal, the microprocessor will 15---- ------ f -------- Order. i (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ) 515722 A7 V. Description of the invention (A) Read detection The number of signal bits and 1 is determined by the signal number 然后, and then the corresponding number of bar code bits 决定 is determined from the signal number 软体. Software-based detection system: The operation of the software-based detection system is The two analog signals obtained from the optical detector are converted into a digital version, and then the signals stored in the digital version are analyzed. This configuration is shown in Figure 13. The analog signals obtained from the detectors 0 and 1 will be It is led to the analog digital converters ADO and AD1. These two analog digital converters are better included in the microprocessor of this system. The two analog digital converters will convert the analog data into digital types. . 'When the data is recorded, a barcode detection logic is used to obtain the barcode information contained in the detector signal. Compared with the hardware-based detection system described above, this method is used. Software-based detection systems require a larger number of microprocessors, but also provide the possibility of using more advanced detection principles. These include the suppression and filtering of noise in detector signals, . Such compensation changes the sensitivity of detectors and other paper ^ 16 scale applicable Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the Notes on the back to fill out Page >