經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 503226 A7 B7 五、發明説明（t ) 瘦朋領域 本發明關於可凝結性組成物，其可用於包封有害廢棄 物質，且本發明尤其關於，但是非排他性的一種包封有害 廢棄物質的方法，該有害廢棄物質包括重金屬如砷、鎳、 鉻殘渣及汞以及放射性物質。 發明音鲁 砷及含砷的組成物已經廣用於澳大利亞當作浸羊或牛 的消毒劑，且已經用於除害劑中。汞及含汞的組成物亦已 經廣用於澳大利亞及其它國家。隨著砷及汞化合物的的逐 步廢止（由於它們的毒性），廢砷和廢汞成分之大量的儲備 品存在著。 有機鎳和鉻以及含鎳和鉻的組成物係廣用於澳大利亞 及其它國家。金屬電鍍及陽極電鍍作業使用這些化合物， 而此作業產生廢鎳及鉻殘渣，其係相當濃縮的且儲存於桶 中。該殘渣係有害及有毒的，且廢鎳和廢汞成分之大量的 儲備品存在著。 上述有害廢棄物質及有毒成分係裝於有限壽命的桶中 。桶中的成分典型上爲污染的液體或淤泥形式，其幾乎不 能安全地被包封。淤泥含有各式各樣的污染物如來自於桶 的銹、廢棄粒子、固體及各種液體。 放射性物質及成分亦係有害的物質。它們除了當作燃 料用於核子反應器外，放射性物質亦具有醫療用途及其它 工業用途。例如，放射性同位素在醫療領域中用於診斷及 治療各種疾病。在某些工業中，例如在採礦工業中，放射 __3__ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公麓） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 503226 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (t) The field of thin friends The present invention relates to a condensable composition that can be used to encapsulate hazardous waste, and the present invention is particularly relevant, but not exclusive A method for encapsulating hazardous waste materials including heavy metals such as arsenic, nickel, chromium residues and mercury, and radioactive materials. The invention of Yinlu Arsenic and arsenic-containing compositions have been widely used in Australia as disinfectants for soaking sheep or cattle, and have been used in pesticides. Mercury and mercury-containing compositions have also been widely used in Australia and other countries. With the phasing out of arsenic and mercury compounds (due to their toxicity), large stocks of waste arsenic and waste mercury components exist. Organic nickel and chromium and compositions containing nickel and chromium are widely used in Australia and other countries. These compounds are used in metal plating and anodizing operations, and this operation produces waste nickel and chromium residues that are quite concentrated and stored in buckets. The residue is harmful and toxic, and large reserves of waste nickel and waste mercury are present. The above-mentioned hazardous waste substances and toxic components are packed in barrels with a limited life. The ingredients in the bucket are typically in the form of contaminated liquid or sludge, which can hardly be encapsulated safely. Sludge contains a variety of pollutants such as rust from barrels, waste particles, solids, and various liquids. Radioactive substances and components are also harmful substances. In addition to their use as fuel in nuclear reactors, radioactive materials also have medical and other industrial uses. For example, radioisotopes are used in the medical field to diagnose and treat various diseases. In some industries, such as the mining industry, radiation __3__ This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X 297 feet) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
、1T 線 經濟部中央榡準局員工消費合作衽印製 503226 A7 ______ B7 五、發明説明（> ) 源用於特定型態的儀器中以便測量，例如，材料的厚度。 然而，與放射性物質之使用有關的一個問題係在於找出社 會上及環境上可接受的處置放射性廢棄物質之方法。就將 放射性物質包箱及包封然後藉掩埋於地球上無人居住的區 域內的安全處置而言，已經有各種不同建議被提出。 將有害廢棄物質包封於混凝土中的嘗試僅取得差強人 意的成功，因爲混凝土和水泥在污染物的存在下並未良好 黏合。然而，混凝土或混凝土似的產品用於包封係理想的 ，因爲混凝土係硬的，具有很長的壽命，及在凝結之前可 被模塑。 發明槪述 本發明針對一種能包封有害廢棄物質或其成分的方法 ，縱使物質被其它雜質所污染。 根據本發明一觀點在於提供一種包封有害廢棄物質或 其成分之方法，此方法包括：將有害廢棄物質加到一可凝 結性組成物，此組成物包括碳酸鈣及苛性氧化鎂，形成漿 體，及讓漿體凝結以包封廢棄物質或其成分。 根據本發明另一觀點在於提供一種包封砷成分之方法 ，該砷成分選自於砷、亞砷酸鈉、三氧化二砷、五氧化二 砷，該方法包括： 於砷成分中加入硫酸鹽、氯化鐵及/或鹼劑和水以形成 漿體，使漿體混合一可凝結性組成物，該組成物包括碳酸 鈣及苛性氧化鎂，及讓組成物凝結以包封砷成分。 茲發現當依此方式作包封時，非常少的砷由具有混凝 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Line 1T Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Consumers Bureau Consumer Consumption Copies 503226 A7 ______ B7 V. Description of Invention (>) The source is used in a specific type of instrument for measurement, such as the thickness of a material. However, a problem related to the use of radioactive materials is to find socially and environmentally acceptable methods for disposing of radioactive waste. Various proposals have been made for the safe disposal of radioactive material in boxes and envelopes and then buried in uninhabited areas on the planet. Attempts to encapsulate hazardous waste materials in concrete have been unsuccessful, as concrete and cement do not adhere well in the presence of contaminants. However, concrete or concrete-like products are ideal for use in encapsulation systems because concrete systems are hard, have a long life, and can be molded before setting. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a method capable of encapsulating hazardous waste substances or components thereof, even if the substance is contaminated with other impurities. According to an aspect of the present invention, a method for encapsulating a hazardous waste substance or a component thereof is provided. The method comprises: adding the hazardous waste substance to a condensable composition including calcium carbonate and caustic magnesium oxide to form a slurry. And allowing the slurry to condense to encapsulate the waste material or its components. According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for encapsulating an arsenic component is provided. The arsenic component is selected from the group consisting of arsenic, sodium arsenite, arsenic trioxide, and arsenic pentoxide. The method includes: adding sulfate, chlorination to the arsenic component. Iron and / or alkali agent and water to form a slurry, the slurry is mixed with a coagulable composition, which includes calcium carbonate and caustic magnesia, and the composition is coagulated to encapsulate the arsenic component. It is hereby found that when encapsulating in this way, very little arsenic is produced by coagulation. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
、1T 線 503226 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1) 土似外觀的凝結組成物瀝濾出。 的確，瀝濾率少於容許的瀝濾率5.OOppm砷。加到漿 體的硫酸鹽較佳係爲硫酸鋁。鹼劑較佳爲碳酸鹽如碳酸鈣 。氯化鐵(iron)可包括氯化鐵(ferric)。 適合的範圍包括： 砷成分-100重量單元(例如克）， 硫酸鹽-10-80重量單元，更佳約50重量單元， 鹼劑(例如碳酸鈣）-10-80重量單元， 氯化鐵(若存在的話）-5-50重量單元 爲了形成一種漿體，可添加每1〇〇重量單元的砷成分 100-500重量單元的水。 根據本發明更一觀點在於提供一種包封汞或其成分之 方法，此方法包括： 將汞或其成分加到一可凝結性組成物，此可凝結性組 成物包括碳酸鈣及苛性氧化鎂，形成漿體，及讓漿體凝結 以包封汞或其成分。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 線 茲發現當依此方式作包封時，非常少的汞由具有混凝 土似外觀的凝結組成物瀝濾出。的確，瀝濾率小於容許的 瀝濾率5.00ppm末。 汞廢料典型上係當作淤泥儲存。汞廢料的一個來源係 來自於Clarriflocculator淤泥或Brine淤泥。此淤泥含 有每公斤的淤泥100-200毫克的汞以及水、灰塵/土壤及其 它雜質，其使得包封於混凝土中係未令人滿意的。 適合於此方法的範圍包括： _5_ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 503226 A 7 B7 _^___ 五、發明説明（今） 含汞的淤泥 -1〇〇克， 可凝結性組成物-1000克， 水-270毫升， 添加劑-100克。 根據本發明猶一觀點在於提供一種包封鎳和鉻或其成 分之方法，該方法包括： 將鎳和鉻或其成分加到一可凝結性組成物，此可凝結 性組成物包括碳酸鈣及苛性氧化鎂，形成漿體，及讓漿體 凝結以包封鎳和鉻及其成分。 茲發現當依此方式作包封時，非常少的鎳和鉻由具有 混凝土似外觀的凝結組成物瀝濾出。的確，瀝濾率小於容 許的瀝濾率0.2ppm鎳和鉻。 鎳和鉻廢料典型上係當作稠液或淤泥儲存。鎳和鉻廢 料的一個來源係來自於金屬電鍍及陽極電極。此液體可含 有約10毫克-28,0〇〇(?)毫克的鎳及約10毫克-200,000⑺毫 克的鉻(相對於每公斤的液體)以及水、灰塵/土壤及其它雜 質，其使得包封於混凝土中係未令人滿意的。 經濟部中央檩隼局員工消費合作衽印製 若須要，可使用塡料。塡料可包括灰分，但是其它塡 料係可想到的。塡料包括10-90%間的凝結組成物，且較佳 40-60% 間。 適合於此方法的非限制性範圍包括： 含鎳和鉻的液體-150毫升， 可凝結性組成物-300克， 水-400毫升，1T line 503226 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (1) The coagulated composition with soil-like appearance is leached out. Indeed, the leaching rate is less than the allowable leaching rate of 5.00 ppm arsenic. The sulfate added to the slurry is preferably aluminum sulfate. The alkali agent is preferably a carbonate such as calcium carbonate. Iron chloride may include ferric chloride. Suitable ranges include: arsenic components-100 weight units (for example, grams), sulfates-10 to 80 weight units, more preferably about 50 weight units, alkaline agents (for example, calcium carbonate)-10 to 80 weight units, and iron chloride ( (If any) -5-50 weight units To form a slurry, 100-500 weight units of water per 100 weight units of arsenic can be added. According to a further aspect of the present invention, a method for encapsulating mercury or a component thereof is provided. The method comprises: adding mercury or a component thereof to a condensable composition including calcium carbonate and caustic magnesium oxide, A slurry is formed and the slurry is allowed to condense to encapsulate mercury or its constituents. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Lines found that when encapsulated in this way, very little mercury was leached from the condensed composition with a concrete-like appearance. Out. Indeed, the leaching rate is less than the allowable leaching rate of 5.00 ppm. Mercury waste is typically stored as silt. One source of mercury waste is from Clarriflocculator sludge or Brine sludge. This sludge contains 100-200 mg of mercury per kg of sludge and water, dust / soil and other impurities, which makes the encapsulation in concrete unsatisfactory. The range suitable for this method includes: _5_ This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 503226 A 7 B7 _ ^ ___ 5. Description of the invention (present) Mercury-containing sludge-100 g, Coagulable composition-1000 g, water-270 ml, additive-100 g. A still further aspect according to the present invention is to provide a method for encapsulating nickel and chromium or components thereof, the method comprising: adding nickel and chromium or components thereof to a settable composition, the settable composition comprising calcium carbonate and Caustic magnesia, forming a slurry, and allowing the slurry to condense to encapsulate nickel and chromium and their ingredients. It was found that when encapsulated in this manner, very little nickel and chromium were leached out of the coagulated composition having a concrete-like appearance. Indeed, the leaching rate is less than the allowable leaching rate of 0.2 ppm nickel and chromium. Nickel and chromium wastes are typically stored as thick liquids or sludge. One source of nickel and chromium scrap comes from metal plating and anode electrodes. This liquid may contain about 10 mg to 28,000,000 (?) Mg of nickel and about 10 mg to 200,000 mg of chromium (relative to each kilogram of liquid), as well as water, dust / soil and other impurities, which make the package Sealing in concrete is not satisfactory. Printed by the Central Government Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs for consumer cooperation. If necessary, materials can be used. The material may include ash, but other materials are conceivable. The aggregate comprises a coagulation composition between 10-90%, and preferably between 40-60%. Non-limiting ranges suitable for this method include: liquids containing nickel and chromium-150 ml, coagulable compositions-300 g, water-400 ml,
經濟部中夬樣準局員工消費合作衽印製 503226 A7 B7 五、發明説明（<) 添加劑-100克。 根據本發明又另一觀點在於提供一種包封放射性物質 之方法，此方法包括： 將放射性物質加到一可凝結性組成物’此可凝結性組 成物包括碳酸鈣及苛性氧化鎂，形成漿體’及讓漿體凝結 以將放射性物質包封在內。 茲發現當依此方式作包封時，實質上沒有放射性物質 由具有混凝土似外觀的凝結組成物瀝濾出。再者，瀝濾出 的物質之輻射量係頗低於背景輻射量： 根據本發明的包封方法係特別適用於降低至中度放射 性物質，例如獨居石。較佳爲將粉末形式的放射性物質加 到可凝結性組成物。較佳爲將放射性物質或其成分硏磨至 粒子大小在0.01微米至5.0毫米的範圍內，更佳爲粒子大 小落於0.1微米至1.0毫米的範圍內。 較佳地，可凝結性組成物更包括鉛或鉛化合物，例如 ，氧化鉛。茲認爲鉛在組成物中會幫助吸收來自放射性物 質的輻射。 適合於此方法的非限制性範圍包括： 放射性物質-1000克， 可凝結性組成物-700至2200克， 氧化鉛-300至1500克， 水-500至900毫升， 添加劑-250至375克。 術語苛性氧化鎂係包括一種鎂組成物，其包括碳酸鎂 ------- 7_ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) # 線 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 503226 A7 _B7____ 五、發明説明（L ) 及脫碳鎂。該術語亦涵蓋已經處理過的碳酸鎂’例如藉加 熱處理，以釋出二氧化碳，藉以形成一種部分煅燒的組成 物。組成物及苛性氧化鎂的精確結構並不知道’但是此術 語將用於包括藉加熱碳酸鎂以使其部分地脫碳而形成的結 構，尤其是在所述的溫度範圍。 可藉處理白雲石而形成碳酸鈣與苛性氧化鎂的組成物 。白雲石係一種發現於天然中的碳酸鈣鎂。真白雲石包括 約54%碳酸鈣及43%碳酸鎂。天然白雲石含有各種不同型 態的雜質，其可能包括氧化鋁、鐵及矽石。 碳酸鈣和碳酸鎂在白雲石中的百分率可有不同的變化 。例如，含65%碳酸鈣和30%碳酸鎂的白雲石係被稱作低 鎂的白雲石。相反地，含60%碳酸鎂和30%碳酸鈣的白雲 石係被稱作高鎂的白雲石。 茲發現將白雲石加熱會導致二氧化碳的釋出，所以可 控制及改變二氧化碳的釋放速率以提供完全或部分煅燒的 白雲石。 若在1，50(TC加熱白雲石，則所有的碳酸鹽以二氧化碳 釋出，而留下氧化鈣和氧化鎂的混合物。眾所周知這些氧 化物係用於耐火性材料中，但是此氧化物不適合於水泥性 材料。 若在較低的溫度加熱白雲石，則並不是所有的碳酸鹽 皆會分解釋出二氧化碳。的確，茲留意到可控制加熱以便 使碳酸鎂比碳酸鈣優先釋放二氧化碳。 因此，在典型地介於500-80(TC的溫度範圍中加熱將 -_______8___ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、^1 線 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 503226 A7 B7 ___ 五、發明説明（1 ) 導致碳酸鎂的優先分解。 藉控制優先的分解，可將白雲石處理以形成一種可凝 結性組成物，該處理係將白雲石變成一種包含苛性氧化鎂 的組成物。 添加劑如無機鹽可增進白雲石的優先分解。適合的鹽 係金屬硫酸鹽如硫酸鋁或硫酸鎂，其可在加熱之前加入， 量爲0·1%-5%。鹽似乎優先地減少MgC03之脫碳溫度，不 會實質上影響CaC03之較高的脫碳溫度。鹽可使溫度差異 增加 l〇〇°C至 200°C。 苛性氧化鎂適宜地具有〇.1%-50%的二氧化碳留在碳酸 鎂內，且較佳爲23%-28%。 雖然分子結構可能難以想像的，但是結構可包括一種 碳酸鈣、氧化鎂和碳酸鎂的混合物。留在組成物中的二氧 化碳量係會影響各種參數如硬度和凝If速率。對許多應用 而言，留下20%-30%的二氧化碳會提供適當的凝結速率。 增加二氧化碳量會減少凝結速率，而減少二氧化碳量會增 加凝結速率。 藉使碳酸鈣混合或摻合預形成的苛性氧化鎂，亦可合 成地製備得組成物。在此變異中，藉加熱以部分地驅趕出 二氧化碳直到獲得所欲的煅燒程度爲止則可製備得苛性氧 化鎂。 在另一變異中，可依上述方式加熱天然白雲石以提供 一種包含碳酸鈣和苛性氧化鎂的組成物，及若天然白雲石 係一種鎂不足物（例如，低鎂的白雲石），可將額外的白雲 _____ 9___ _____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨〇><297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 線 經濟部中央橾準局員工消費合作社印製 503226 A7 _B7_s__ 五、發明説明（又） 石加到混合物。 例如，可對含有65%碳酸鈣和30%碳酸鎂加上雜質之 低鎂的白雲石礦作煅燒以便使鎂轉化成部分煅燒的苛性氧 化鎂，而在鎂內留下本質上2%-20%的原始夾帶的二氧化 碳。 由於能添加苛性氧化鎂和碳酸鈣及能改變這兩者的摻 合，所以能提供當作水泥用的組成物，該組成物具有摻合 材料之任何經要求的預定重量及百分率。 若須要，可改變組成物的粒子大小。50-70微米的適 當粒子大小及90%能通過60微米篩子者係使組成物能夠用 於各式各樣得應用中。若須要，可將組成物硏磨成這樣的 粒子大小，且可在處理之前或之後進行。其它的粒子大小 範圍係亦能想像的，如10-1000微米。 可使用1〇%-90%苛性氧化鎂及90%-10%碳酸鈣的範圍 ，較佳的混合物爲60%-70%鎂和30%-40%鈣。 例如，一公噸白雲石將含有650公斤（kg)碳酸鈣 (CaC03)及300公斤碳酸鎂(MgC03)加上5%雜質。碳酸鎂 將含有156.57公斤C02。當移除95%此C02時，重量損失 將爲148.74公斤。白雲石的煅燒後重量現將爲851.26公 斤，其包含650公斤碳酸鈣加上143.3公斤氧化鎂及50公 斤雜質。（CaC03 650公斤/MgO 143.43公斤+ 7.8285公斤 +雜質50公斤=851·26。） 例子： 白雲石1000公斤=650公斤CaCCh，煅燒之前 —__10__ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 乂請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Prospective Bureau for Consumer Cooperation 503226 A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (<) Additive-100 g. According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a method for encapsulating radioactive material is provided. The method includes: adding the radioactive material to a curable composition. The curable composition includes calcium carbonate and caustic magnesia to form a slurry. 'And allow the slurry to condense to encapsulate the radioactive material. It was found that when encapsulated in this manner, substantially no radioactive material was leached out of the coagulated composition having a concrete-like appearance. Furthermore, the radiated amount of the leached material is considerably lower than the background radiated amount: The encapsulation method according to the present invention is particularly suitable for reducing to moderately radioactive materials, such as monazite. It is preferred to add the radioactive material in powder form to the coagulable composition. It is preferred that the radioactive material or its components be honed to a particle size in the range of 0.01 to 5.0 mm, more preferably the particle size falls in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 mm. Preferably, the curable composition further comprises lead or a lead compound, such as lead oxide. It is believed that lead in the composition will help absorb radiation from radioactive materials. Non-limiting ranges suitable for this method include: radioactive material-1000 grams, coagulable composition-700 to 2200 grams, lead oxide-300 to 1500 grams, water-500 to 900 milliliters, and additives-250 to 375 grams. The term caustic magnesia includes a magnesium composition, including magnesium carbonate ------- 7_ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before (Fill in this page) # Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Online Economics 503226 A7 _B7____ 5. Description of the Invention (L) and decarburized magnesium. The term also covers treated magnesium carbonate ', such as by the application of heat treatment to release carbon dioxide, thereby forming a partially calcined composition. The exact structure of the composition and caustic magnesia is not known ', but the term will be used to include structures formed by heating magnesium carbonate to partially decarbonize it, especially in the temperature range described. It is possible to form a composition of calcium carbonate and caustic magnesium oxide by treating dolomite. Dolomite is a calcium magnesium carbonate found in nature. True dolomite includes about 54% calcium carbonate and 43% magnesium carbonate. Natural dolomite contains various types of impurities, which may include alumina, iron, and silica. The percentages of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate in dolomite can vary. For example, the dolomite series containing 65% calcium carbonate and 30% magnesium carbonate is called low magnesium dolomite. In contrast, the dolomite series containing 60% magnesium carbonate and 30% calcium carbonate is called high magnesium dolomite. It is found that heating the dolomite will cause the release of carbon dioxide, so the release rate of carbon dioxide can be controlled and changed to provide fully or partially calcined dolomite. If the dolomite is heated at 1,50 ° C, all carbonates are released as carbon dioxide, leaving a mixture of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide. These oxides are known to be used in refractory materials, but this oxide is not suitable for Cementitious materials. If dolomite is heated at a lower temperature, not all carbonates will explain carbon dioxide. Indeed, it is noted that the heating can be controlled so that magnesium carbonate releases carbon dioxide preferentially over calcium carbonate. Therefore, in Typically between 500-80 (heating in the temperature range of TC -_______ 8___ This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page), ^ Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Frontline Economy 503226 A7 B7 ___ V. Description of the invention (1) Causes the preferential decomposition of magnesium carbonate. By controlling the preferential decomposition, dolomite can be processed to form a coagulable composition, This treatment turns dolomite into a composition containing caustic magnesia. Additives such as inorganic salts can promote the preferential decomposition of dolomite. Suitable Salt-based metal sulfates such as aluminum sulfate or magnesium sulfate, which can be added before heating, in an amount of 0.1% -5%. The salt appears to preferentially reduce the decarburization temperature of MgC03 without substantially affecting the higher CaC03 Decarburization temperature. Salt can increase the temperature difference by 100 ° C to 200 ° C. Caustic magnesium oxide suitably has 0.1% -50% carbon dioxide remaining in the magnesium carbonate, and preferably 23% -28% Although the molecular structure may be unimaginable, the structure can include a mixture of calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, and magnesium carbonate. The amount of carbon dioxide left in the composition affects various parameters such as hardness and setting rate. For many applications , Leaving 20% -30% of carbon dioxide will provide a proper coagulation rate. Increasing the amount of carbon dioxide will reduce the coagulation rate, while reducing the amount of carbon dioxide will increase the coagulation rate. By mixing or blending preformed caustic magnesium oxide with calcium carbonate, The composition can be prepared synthetically. In this variation, caustic magnesia can be prepared by heating to partially drive out carbon dioxide until the desired degree of calcination is obtained. In another variation, caustic magnesia can be prepared. The natural dolomite is heated in the manner described above to provide a composition containing calcium carbonate and caustic magnesia, and if the natural dolomite is a magnesium deficiency (eg, low-magnesium dolomite), additional dolomite can be added _____ 9___ _____ this The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 〇 > < 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Central Consumers Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed by the Consumer Cooperatives 503226 A7 _B7_s__ 5. Description of the invention (Also) stone is added to the mixture. For example, dolomite ore containing 65% calcium carbonate and 30% magnesium carbonate plus impurities can be calcined to convert magnesium to partially calcined caustic oxidation Magnesium while leaving essentially 2% -20% of the original entrained carbon dioxide within the magnesium. Since caustic magnesia and calcium carbonate can be added and the blending of the two can be changed, a composition for cement can be provided which has any required predetermined weight and percentage of the blended material. If necessary, the particle size of the composition can be changed. Appropriate particle sizes of 50-70 microns and 90% passing through a 60-micron sieve enable the composition to be used in a wide variety of applications. If necessary, the composition may be honed to such a particle size, and may be performed before or after processing. Other particle size ranges are conceivable, such as 10-1000 microns. A range of 10% -90% caustic magnesia and 90% -10% calcium carbonate can be used. The preferred mixture is 60% -70% magnesium and 30% -40% calcium. For example, one metric ton of dolomite will contain 650 kilograms (kg) of calcium carbonate (CaC03) and 300 kilograms of magnesium carbonate (MgC03) plus 5% impurities. Magnesium carbonate will contain 156.57 kg of C02. When 95% of this C02 is removed, the weight loss will be 148.74 kg. The calcined weight of dolomite will now be 851.26 kg, which contains 650 kg of calcium carbonate plus 143.3 kg of magnesium oxide and 50 kg of impurities. (CaC03 650 kg / MgO 143.43 kg + 7.8285 kg + impurities 50 kg = 851 · 26.) Example: 1000 kg of dolomite = 650 kg of CaCCh, before calcination — __10__ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 (Mm) 阅读 Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page)
、tT 線 503226 經濟部中央標_局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明説明（1 ) 300公斤MgC03 + 50公斤雜質 锻燒之後=650公斤CaCP3 151.258 公斤苛性物(Mg0+7.8C02) +所選擇的苛性氧化鎂之想要重量 +雜質50公斤 組成物可配成乾燥的細粉末（即類似於波特蘭水泥粉） 〇 組成物的另一來源可以是以直接來自鎂工業的煅燒過 菱鎂礦及白雲石爲基礎。這些主要地爲氧化鎂(典型上超過 90%)，具有氧化鈣（範圍3-18%)及含有低量(0-5%)的二氧 化碳。此商業形式的苛性氧化鎂甚至可含有僵燒氧化鈣或 僵燒氧化鎂，但仍可用於包封作業，雖然其非爲了包封而 特別煅燒。 於組成物中可添加各種不同添加劑。添加劑或添加劑 類可加速強黏合劑的形成，且可幫助組成物的再結晶以使 其凝結。在凝結過程中，可將各種塡加的塡料(其可能包括 有機塡料、無機塡料、固體及液體塡料、放射性塡料、有 毒塡料等等)補集於凝結的基質內。 一添加劑可包括硫酸鹽，其可能以介於0.01%至20% 的比率添加，更典型爲0.01%至10%。適合的硫酸鹽可包 括硫酸，或金屬硫酸鹽如硫酸鎂或硫酸鋁。 另一適合的添加劑係一種在組成物中充作碳化源以幫 助凝結作業者。較佳之碳酸鹽爲可分解或反應以釋出二氧 化碳者。一適合的添加劑可能爲金屬碳酸鹽如碳酸鈉。另 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、11 線 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） Λ7 B7 五、發明説明（（o ) 一適合添加劑可包含羧酸或多羧酸，其可反應而釋出二氧 .(請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 化碳。碳酸鈉的另一優點係在於其將碳化任何可用的完全 氧化之塡料(例如煤灰）。 其它添加劑可包括檸檬(citric)酸、檸檬(iemon)酸、醋 酸、羥乙酸、草酸、其它二或多羧酸，或其它酸化劑。檸 檬酸之可能的替代物包括酒石酸、柳酸、伸乙二胺四乙酸 (EDTA)或其它四酸。這些添加劑的添加量可爲〇.〇1%-1〇% ’更典型地0·01 %至5%。若添加劑(如檸檬酸或lern〇n酸） 爲固體’則它們可適當地經預硏磨及粉化以使得它們與組 成物的其餘者作有效率地混合。可使用<250篩眼的硏磨大 小。硫酸鋁可爲商業上可取得的硫酸鋁，其具有14的水合 數目。當然，亦可適當地調整重量來使用較高或較低水合 的硫酸鋁。 另一酸化劑可包括硫酸，且可將此加到水混合物中， 裏爲局及於5重量％。 在一較佳特徵中，添加劑包括硫酸鋁及檸檬酸(或均等 的酸如羥乙酸或醋酸）。此外，可提供鹽如氯化鈉。 輕濟部中夬樣隼局員工消費合作社印製 可預混合添加劑，然後加到組成物中。可改變預混物 的添加量，例如由約3%-10%或較多。看來當使用小尺寸 的塡料時(例如低於70微米)時，預混物的添加量應較大（ 約10%)，而大尺寸的塡料容許添加較少的預混物（例如 3%-70/〇) 〇 若預混物包括（a)硫酸鋁、（b)有機酸及（c)鹽時，則 其較佳（a)以4〇%-80%存在；（b)以1〇%-60。/。存在及（C)以 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Μ規格（210x 297公釐) 503226 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（u) 1%-20% 存在。 雖然不希望被理論所拘限，看起來成分(a)提供凝結組 成物的早強，且可幫助水鎂石(Mg(OH)2)及氫氧化鋁的膠凝 聚合物之形成，它們皆幫助組成物的初黏合。看起來(a)亦 提供防水性。 成分(b)，例如檸檬酸，似乎幫助MgO和Mg(OH)2之 碳化以將組成物再結晶成凝結物質。酸亦可充作配位子以 形成繞著塡料(例如金屬離子）的錯合物，幫助將它們補集 於正在凝結或凝結的基質內。碳化作業持續經過一段長時 間，其可提供凝固物質之持久強度。成分(c)似乎幫助達成 組成物的早強。 較佳具體化窨施例之詳細說明 現將藉由以下實例來說明本發明的較佳具體化實施例 〇 砷 實例1 使亞砷酸鈉100克、硫酸鋁50克、氯化鐵20克、碳 酸鈣50克與水300毫升一起成爲漿體及留置1〇分鐘，期 間觀察所發生的金屬分離及絮凝。將此漿體加到一可凝結 性組成物的漿體，該可凝結性組成物含有4〇〇克碳酸鈣和 苛性氧化鎂、400克塡料(灰分-以吸收過量的水)及160克 由50克硫酸鋁、100克檸檬酸和10克蘇打灰所構成的混 合物。藉添加水可調整總混合物的稠度以形成一種可模塑 的組成物，其可具有介於80-120之間的稠度値(即是約爲 ____η —- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -訂 503226 A7 _____B7 _ 五、發明説明（）>) 水泥漿者）。將總混合物倒入模具內及凝結。 瀝濾率分析顯示2.1ppm的砷瀝濾，其係遠小於容許 限度 5.0ppm。 實例2 使砷粉100克、硫酸鋁50克、氯化鐵20克、碳酸鈣 50克與水300毫升一起成爲漿體及留置1〇分鐘，期間觀 察所發生的金屬分離及絮凝。將此漿體加到一可凝結性組 成物的漿體，該可凝結性組成物含有400克碳酸鈣和苛性 氧化鎂、400克塡料(灰分-以吸收過量的水)及160克由50 克硫酸鋁、100克檸檬酸和10克蘇打灰所構成的混合物。 藉添加水可調整總混合物的稠度以形成一種可模塑的組成 物，其可具有介於80-120之間的稠度値(即是約爲水泥漿 者）。將總混合物倒入模具內及凝結。 瀝濾率分析顯示4.1PPm的砷瀝濾，其係小於容許限 度 5.0ppm。 實例3 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 線 使三氧化二砷100克、硫酸鋁50克、氯化鐵20克、 碳酸鈣50克與水300毫升一起成爲漿體及留置10分鐘， 期間觀察所發生的金屬分離及絮凝。將此漿體加到一可凝 結性組成物的漿體，該可凝結性組成物含有400克碳酸鈣 和苛性氧化鎂、400克塡料(灰分-以吸收過量的水）及160 克由50克硫酸鋁、10〇克檸檬酸和10克蘇打灰所構成的 混合物。藉添加水可調整總混合物的稠度以形成一種可模 塑的組成物，其可具有介於8(M2〇之間的稠度値(即是約. 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ( 2丨〇 X 2^公釐―) ~ 503226 經濟部中央榡準局員工消費合作衽印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（\、） 爲水泥漿者）。將總混合物倒入模具內及凝結。 瀝濾、率分析顯示4.1ppm的砷瀝濾，其係遠小於容許 限度 5.0ppm。 實例4 使五氧化二砷1〇〇克、硫酸鋁50克、氯化鐵20克、 碳酸鈣50克與水300毫升一起成爲漿體及留置10分鐘， 期間觀察所發生的金屬分離及絮凝·。將此漿體加到一可凝 結性組成物的漿體，該可凝結性組成物含有400克碳酸鈣 和苛性氧化鎂、400克塡料(灰分-以吸收過量的水)及160 克由50克硫酸鋁、100克檸檬酸和1〇克蘇打灰所構成的 混合物。藉添加水可調整總混合物的稠度以形成一種可模 塑的組成物，其可具有介於80-120之間的稠度値(即是約 爲水泥漿者）。將總混合物倒入模具內及凝結。 瀝濾率分析顯示4.lppm的砷瀝濾，其係遠小於容許 限度 5.0ppm。 實例5 使砷粉1〇〇克、硫酸鋁50克、碳酸鈣20克與水150 毫升一起成爲漿體及留置10分鐘，期間觀察所發生的金屬 分離及絮凝。將此漿體加到一可凝結性組成物的漿體，該 可凝結性組成物含有200克碳酸鈣和苛性氧化鎂、400克 塡料(灰分-以吸收過量的水)及1〇〇克由30克硫酸鋁、60 克檸檬酸和10克蘇打灰所構成的混合物。藉添加水可調整 總混合物的稠度以形成一種可模塑的組成物，其可具有介 於80-120之間的稠度値(即是約爲水泥漿者）。將總混合物 一 15 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Μ規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -· 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 503226 ___B7_ 五、發明説明（ 倒入模具內及凝結。 瀝爐率分析顯示l.Oppm的砷瀝濾，其係遠小於容許 限度 5.0ppm。 汞 實例6 依以下方式包封來自於含汞的鹽水淤泥之汞。鹽水淤 泥含有每公斤淤泥100-200毫克汞。淤泥另含有ίο-29%碳酸鈣、1-9%氫氧化鎂、10-29%氯化鈉、1-9% 土壤/灰 塵和30-60%水。淤泥係由鹽水純化所產生的廢物。淤泥係 一種無臭褐色淤泥，不溶於水。淤泥具有11·6的pH及 1.29的比重。 於混合器中混合1公斤鹽水淤泥、900克可凝結性組 成物、270克水、50克硫酸鋁和50克檸檬酸。若須要，可 加水以形成一種可模塑的組成物。將總混合物倒入模具內 及凝結。 瀝濾率分析顯示O.Olppm的亲瀝濾，其使得包封後的 組成物對於沒有襯裡的垃圾場儲存而言係安全的。 鎳和鉻 實例7 將150毫升未稀釋完全濃縮的含鎳和鉻之殘澄（含有 360毫克/升的鉻及28,000毫克/升的鎳）、400毫升水、15〇 克碳酸鈣與40克硫酸鋁混合一起以形成漿體。於此漿體內 ，加入3〇〇克碳酸鈣和苛性氧化鎂、60克硫酸鋁、34克檸 檬酸、6克蘇打灰、1公斤塡料(發電廠灰分)和追加的5〇 ____________ 16_ i紙張尺度適用中關家標準（CNS ) A4規格(Wx 297公釐) ^ ^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、1Τ 2 2 3 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 ____ B7 五、發明説明（t Ο 毫升水。藉添加水可調整總混合物的稠度以形成一種可模 塑的組成物。將混合物倒入模具內及讓其硬化以便作 T.C丄·Ρ·試驗(毒性瀝濾程序）。在30天的試驗後，建立低 於0·2ρρπι的瀝濾率，其顯示包封後的產品係適合儲存於沒 有襯裡的垃圾場中。 實例8 將150毫升未稀釋完全濃縮的含鎳和鉻之殘渣（含有 3·1毫克/升的鉻及1，100毫克/升的鎳）、400毫升水、150 克碳酸鈣與40克硫酸鋁混合一起以形成漿體。於此漿體內 ，加入300克碳酸鈣和苛性氧化鎂、60克硫酸鋁、34克檸 檬酸、6克蘇打灰、1公斤塡料(發電廠灰分)和追加的50 毫升水。藉添加水可調整總混合物的稠度以形成一種可模 塑的組成物。將混合物倒入模具內及讓其硬化以便作 T.C.L.P·試驗(毒性瀝濾程序）。在30天的試驗後，建立低 於0.2ppm的瀝濾率，其顯示包封後的產品係適合儲存於沒 有襯裡的垃圾場中。 放射性獨居石 使用礦物獨居石的粉狀樣品來進行試驗。獨居石係稀 土元素的單斜磷酸鹽，其含有铈族（Ce、La、Y、Th)P04 以及一些鈾和钍。獨居石在海灘沙中係相當豐富的，且係 稀土礦物和钍的主要來源。钍用在科學儀器中當放射源。 稀土化合物用於各種製程中，包括玻璃及某些金屬的製造 〇 分析試驗中所採用的獨居石材料發現其含有246貝克 _·_17____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2 i 0 X 297公釐） .(請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁), TT line 503226 Central Standard of the Ministry of Economic Affairs _ printed by the Bureau ’s Consumer Cooperatives A7 V. Description of the invention (1) 300 kg of MgC03 + 50 kg of impurities after calcination = 650 kg of CaCP3 151.258 kg of caustic substance (Mg0 + 7.8C02) + selected The desired weight of caustic magnesia + 50 kg of impurities can be formulated into dry fine powder (ie similar to Portland cement powder). Another source of the composition can be calcined magnesite directly from the magnesium industry Mine and dolomite. These are mainly magnesium oxide (typically over 90%), have calcium oxide (range 3-18%) and contain low levels (0-5%) of carbon dioxide. This commercial form of caustic magnesia may even contain dead burned calcium oxide or dead burned magnesia, but it can still be used for encapsulation operations, although it is not specifically calcined for encapsulation. Various additives can be added to the composition. Additives or types of additives can accelerate the formation of strong adhesives and help recrystallize the composition to set it. During the coagulation process, various added materials (which may include organic materials, inorganic materials, solid and liquid materials, radioactive materials, toxic materials, etc.) are added to the coagulated matrix. An additive may include sulfates, which may be added at a ratio between 0.01% and 20%, more typically 0.01% to 10%. Suitable sulfates may include sulfuric acid, or metal sulfates such as magnesium sulfate or aluminum sulfate. Another suitable additive is one that acts as a carbonization source in the composition to assist the setting operator. Preferred carbonates are those which can be decomposed or reacted to release carbon dioxide. A suitable additive may be a metal carbonate such as sodium carbonate. In addition (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page), 11-line paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) Λ7 B7 5. Description of the invention ((o) A suitable additive may include Carboxylic acid or polycarboxylic acid, which can react to release dioxygen. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Carbonized carbon. Another advantage of sodium carbonate is that it will carbonize any available fully oxidized tincture. Other additives may include citric acid, ieic acid, acetic acid, glycolic acid, oxalic acid, other di- or polycarboxylic acids, or other acidifying agents. Possible alternatives to citric acid include Tartaric acid, salicylic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or other tetraacids. These additives can be added in an amount of from 0.01% to 10% 'more typically from 0.01% to 5%. If the additive ( If citric acid or lernonic acid) is solid, then they can be suitably pre-honed and pulverized so that they are effectively mixed with the rest of the composition. A honed size of <250 mesh can be used Aluminum sulfate may be a commercially available aluminum sulfate having 14 The number of hydrations. Of course, it is also possible to adjust the weight appropriately to use higher or lower hydrated aluminum sulfate. Another acidifying agent may include sulfuric acid, and this may be added to the water mixture, which is localized to 5% by weight. In a preferred feature, the additives include aluminum sulfate and citric acid (or equivalent acids such as glycolic acid or acetic acid). In addition, salts such as sodium chloride can be provided. Premix the additives and then add to the composition. The amount of premix added can be changed, for example from about 3% to 10% or more. It seems that when using small size aggregates (eg below 70 microns) The premix should be added in a large amount (about 10%), and the large size of the mixture allows the addition of less premix (for example, 3% -70 / 〇) 〇 If the premix includes (a) aluminum sulfate , (B) organic acids and (c) salts, it is preferred that (a) be present at 40% -80%; (b) be present at 10% -60%, and (C) be present on the paper scale Applicable to Chinese National Standards (CNS) M specifications (210x 297 mm) 503226 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ( u) 1% -20% is present. Although not wishing to be bound by theory, it appears that component (a) provides early strength of the coagulated composition and can help brucite (Mg (OH) 2) and aluminum hydroxide. The formation of gelled polymers, they all help the initial adhesion of the composition. It appears that (a) also provides water resistance. Ingredient (b), such as citric acid, seems to help carbonize MgO and Mg (OH) 2 to make the composition Recrystallize into condensed matter. Acids can also act as ligands to form complexes around the aggregates (such as metal ions), helping to accumulate them in the matrix that is condensing or condensing. The carbonization operation continues for a long time Over time, it can provide the lasting strength of a solidified substance. Ingredient (c) appears to help achieve early strength of the composition. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be illustrated by the following examples. Arsenic Example 1 100 g of sodium arsenite, 50 g of aluminum sulfate, 20 g of ferric chloride, 50 g of calcium carbonate was slurried together with 300 ml of water and left for 10 minutes, during which the metal separation and flocculation occurred were observed. This slurry was added to a slurry of a settable composition containing 400 g of calcium carbonate and caustic magnesia, 400 g of concrete (ash-to absorb excess water) and 160 g A mixture of 50 grams of aluminum sulfate, 100 grams of citric acid and 10 grams of soda ash. The thickness of the total mixture can be adjusted to form a moldable composition by adding water, which can have a consistency between 80-120 値 (that is, about ____ η —- This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS ) Α4 specification (210X 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)-Order 503226 A7 _____B7 _ V. Description of the invention () >) Cement slurry). The total mixture was poured into a mold and coagulated. Leaching rate analysis showed that 2.1 ppm of arsenic leaching was far less than the allowable limit of 5.0 ppm. Example 2 100 g of arsenic powder, 50 g of aluminum sulfate, 20 g of ferric chloride, and 50 g of calcium carbonate were slurried together with 300 ml of water and left for 10 minutes, during which metal separation and flocculation were observed. This slurry was added to a slurry of a settable composition containing 400 g of calcium carbonate and caustic magnesia, 400 g of concrete (ash-to absorb excess water) and 160 g of 50 A mixture of 100 grams of aluminum sulfate, 100 grams of citric acid, and 10 grams of soda ash. The consistency of the overall mixture can be adjusted by adding water to form a moldable composition, which can have a consistency between 80-120 (i.e., about a cement slurry). The total mixture was poured into a mold and coagulated. Analysis of leaching rate showed that 4.1 ppm of arsenic leaching was less than the allowable limit of 5.0 ppm. Example 3 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Line arsenic trioxide 100 g, aluminum sulfate 50 g, ferric chloride 20 g, calcium carbonate 50 g and water 300 ml Become a slurry together and leave for 10 minutes. During this period, observe the metal separation and flocculation. This slurry was added to a slurry of a settable composition containing 400 g of calcium carbonate and caustic magnesia, 400 g of concrete (ash-to absorb excess water) and 160 g of 50 A mixture of aluminum sulfate, 100 grams of citric acid, and 10 grams of soda ash. The consistency of the total mixture can be adjusted by adding water to form a moldable composition, which can have a consistency between 8 (M2〇 値 (that is, about. This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS (2 丨〇X 2 ^ mm ~) ~ 503226 Printed A7 Β7 by the Consumers ’Co-operation of the Central Bureau of Commerce of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the Invention (\,) for cement slurry). Pour the total mixture into the mold and coagulate. Leach The rate analysis showed that 4.1 ppm of arsenic leaching was far less than the allowable limit of 5.0 ppm. Example 4 100 g of arsenic pentoxide, 50 g of aluminum sulfate, 20 g of ferric chloride, 50 g of calcium carbonate, and 300 water The milliliter becomes a slurry together and is left for 10 minutes, during which the metal separation and flocculation are observed. This slurry is added to a slurry of a coagulable composition containing 400 g of calcium carbonate and caustic Magnesium oxide, 400 grams of concrete (ash content-to absorb excess water) and 160 grams of a mixture of 50 grams of aluminum sulfate, 100 grams of citric acid, and 10 grams of soda ash. The thickness of the total mixture can be adjusted by adding water. Forms a moldable composition that can have a range between 8 The consistency is between 0-120 (that is, about cement slurry). The total mixture is poured into the mold and coagulated. Leaching rate analysis shows that 4.1 ppm of arsenic leaching, which is far less than the allowable limit of 5.0 ppm. Example 5 100 g of arsenic powder, 50 g of aluminum sulfate, and 20 g of calcium carbonate were slurried with 150 ml of water and left for 10 minutes, during which the metal separation and flocculation occurred were observed. This slurry was added to A slurry of a coagulable composition containing 200 g of calcium carbonate and caustic magnesia, 400 g of concrete (ash-to absorb excess water), and 100 g of 30 g of aluminum sulfate, 60 g A mixture of citric acid and 10 grams of soda ash. The thickness of the total mixture can be adjusted by adding water to form a moldable composition that can have a consistency between 80-120 (i.e. about cement Pulper). The total mixture will be 15 paper sizes to the Chinese National Standards (CNS) M specifications (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)-· Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printing 503226 ___B7_ V. Description of the invention Mould and condensation. Leaching furnace rate analysis shows 1.0 ppm of arsenic leaching, which is far less than the allowable limit of 5.0 ppm. Mercury Example 6 Encapsulation of mercury from mercury-containing brine sludge in the following manner. The brine sludge contains per kg Sludge 100-200 mg of mercury. The sludge contains -29% calcium carbonate, 1-9% magnesium hydroxide, 10-29% sodium chloride, 1-9% soil / dust, and 30-60% water. The sludge system consists of Wastewater produced by the purification of brine. Sludge is a kind of odorless brown sludge, which is insoluble in water. The sludge has a pH of 11.6 and a specific gravity of 1.29. In a mixer, 1 kg of brine sludge, 900 g of coagulable composition, 270 g of water, 50 g of aluminum sulfate, and 50 g of citric acid were mixed. If necessary, water can be added to form a moldable composition. The total mixture was poured into a mold and coagulated. The leaching rate analysis showed a leaching of 0.1 ppm, which made the encapsulated composition safe for unlined landfill storage. Nickel and Chromium Example 7 150 ml of undiluted fully concentrated nickel and chromium-containing residue (containing 360 mg / L of chromium and 28,000 mg / L of nickel), 400 ml of water, 15 g of calcium carbonate, and 40 g of sulfuric acid The aluminum is mixed together to form a slurry. In this slurry, 300 g of calcium carbonate and caustic magnesia, 60 g of aluminum sulfate, 34 g of citric acid, 6 g of soda ash, 1 kg of concrete (power plant ash) and an additional 5 ____________ 16_ i The paper size applies the Zhongguanjia Standard (CNS) A4 specification (Wx 297 mm) ^ ^ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page), 1T 2 2 3 Printed by A7, Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs ____ B7 V. Description of the invention (t 0 ml water. The thickness of the total mixture can be adjusted to form a moldable composition by adding water. Pour the mixture into a mold and allow it to harden for the TC 丄 · Ρ · test (toxicity Leaching procedure). After a 30-day test, a leaching rate below 0 · 2ρρπι was established, which shows that the encapsulated product is suitable for storage in an unlined landfill. Example 8 150 ml of undiluted and fully concentrated Of nickel and chromium residues (containing 3.1 mg / L of chromium and 1,100 mg / L of nickel), 400 ml of water, 150 g of calcium carbonate and 40 g of aluminum sulfate to form a slurry. Here In the slurry, add 300 g of calcium carbonate and caustic magnesia, 60 Grams of aluminum sulfate, 34 grams of citric acid, 6 grams of soda ash, 1 kilogram of soot (power plant ash), and an additional 50 ml of water. The thickness of the total mixture can be adjusted by adding water to form a moldable composition. The mixture is poured into a mold and allowed to harden for TCLP · test (toxic leaching procedure). After a 30-day test, a leaching rate of less than 0.2 ppm is established, which shows that the encapsulated product is suitable for storage without Radioactive monazite is tested using powdered samples of mineral monazite. Monazite is a monoclinic phosphate of rare earth elements, which contains cerium (Ce, La, Y, Th) P04 and Some uranium and thorium. Monazite is quite abundant in beach sand and is the main source of rare earth minerals and thorium. Thorium is used as a radioactive source in scientific instruments. Rare earth compounds are used in various processes, including glass and some Manufacture of metal. The monazite material used in the analysis test found that it contained 246 Baker _ · _17 ____ This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 i 0 X 297 mm). (Please read the back Note again (Fill in this page)
經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 503226 A7 _______ 87 _ 五、發明説明（u,) 勒/克(Bq/gm)的钍_232及28Bq/gm的鈾·238。獨居石中所 含有钍之半衰期係約45億年(4.5Χ109)。理想上，獨居石 的粒子大小可能由塵埃(約0.1微米)至約1.0微米的粒子。 鉛渣、苛性氧化鎂及碳酸鈣皆預先硏磨至約110微米，即 是90%通過150微米篩眼。 實例9 使300克獨居石(含有放射性246貝克勒/克钍及28.1 克貝克勒/克鈾）、400克苛性氧化鎂及一由480克鉛渣(例 / 如Mt· Isa)與320克碳酸鈣所構成的混合物徹底乾燥混合 1〇〇克硫酸鋁和25克檸檬酸。於此內，加入300毫升水以 形成一種稠狀快速凝結的膏糊。藉添加水可調整總混合物 的稠度以形成一種可模塑的組成物。將總混合物倒入模具 內及讓其凝結。 包封後的獨居石混合物之放射性經測量爲44·60±0·20 貝克勒/克的钍及5.06±0.21貝克勒/克的鈾。 在14天及28天進行瀝濾率分析(TCLP試驗)以測量可 瀝濾出的鈾和钍。在14天，可瀝濾出的鈾係少於0.05微 克/升且可瀝濾出的钍係0.25微克/升。在28天，可瀝濾出 的鈾係少於〇力5微克/升且可瀝濾出的钍係0.45-0.50微克/ 升。 對TCLP溶液進行加馬光譜分析以測量在14天及28 天的放射性鈾和钍的含量。在14天，可瀝濾出的鈾放射性 係低於可檢測的含量或相當於<lppm且可瀝濾出的钍放射 性係0·034±〇·〇〇7貝克勒/克。在28天，可瀝濾出的鈾放 ____118_ ( CNS ) A4m^ ( 210X297^ ) — (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 yc 2 2 3 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作、社印製 A7 _______ B7 五、發明説明（ll) 射性係低於可檢測的含量或相當於<lppm且可瀝濾出的钍 放射性係低於可檢測的含量或相當於<2PPm。 實例10 使500克獨居石(含有放射性246貝克勒/克钍及28.1 克貝克勒/克鈾）、450克苛性氧化鎂及一由360克鉛渣(例 如Mt. Isa)與240克碳酸鈣所構成的混合物徹底乾燥混合 1〇〇克硫酸鋁和25克檸檬酸。於此內，加入310毫升水以 形成一種稠狀快速凝結的膏糊。藉添加水可調整總混合物 的稠度以形成一種可模塑的組成物。將總混合物倒入模具 內及讓其凝結。 包封後的獨居石混合物之放射性經測量爲70.20土0.30 貝克勒/克的钍及8.01土0.31貝克勒/克的鈾。 在14天及28天進行瀝濾率分析(TCLP試驗)以測量可 瀝濾出的鈾和钍。在14天，可瀝濾出的鈾係少於0.05微 克/升且可瀝濾出的钍係0.15微克/升。在28天，可瀝濾出 的鈾係〇·〇5微克/升且可瀝濾出的钍係0.15-0.45微克/升。 對TCLP溶液進行加馬光譜分析以測量在14天及28 天的放射性鈾和钍的含量。在14天，可瀝濾出的鈾放射性 係低於可檢測的含量或相當於<lppm且可瀝濾出的钍放射 性係低於可檢測的含量或相當於<2ppm。在28天，可瀝濾 出的鈾放射性係低於可檢測的含量或相當於< 1 ppm且可瀝 濾出的钍放射性係0·038±0·007貝克勒/克。 實例11 使800克獨居石(含有放射性246貝克勒/克钍及28.1 _________19____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •I衣· 、-!! 2 2 3 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7____ 五、發明説明（\ g ) 克貝克勒/克鈾）、400克苛性氧化鎂及一由300克鉛渣(例 如Mt. Isa)與200克碳酸鈣所構成的混合物徹底乾燥混合 100克硫酸鋁和25克檸檬酸。於此內，加入400毫升水以 形成一種稠狀快速凝結的膏糊。藉添加水可調整總混合物 的稠度以形成一種可模塑的組成物。將總混合物倒入模具 內及讓其凝結。 包封後的獨居石混合物之放射性經測量爲1〇4·〇±〇·41 貝克勒/克的钍及12·0±0.42貝克勒/克的鈾。 在14天及28天進行瀝濾率分析(TCLP試驗)以測量可 瀝濾出的鈾和钍。在14天，可瀝濾出的鈾係0.05微克/升 且可瀝濾出的钍係0.25微克/升。在28天，可瀝濾出的鈾 係〇.1〇微克/升且可瀝濾出的钍係1.10-1.40微克/升。 對TCLP溶液進行加馬光譜分析以測量在14天及28 天的放射性鈾和钍的含量。在14天，可瀝濾出的鈾放射性 係低於可檢測的含量或相當於<lppm且可瀝濾出的钍放射 性係低於可檢測的含量或相當於<2ppm。在28天，可瀝濾 出的鈾放射性係低於可檢測的含量或相當於<lppm且可瀝 濾出的钍放射性係0.038土0.007貝克勒/克。 在以上各實例9至11中，钍和鈾的溶液瀝濾率皆小於 1〇個百萬分點(ppm)，顯示成功地包封放射性物質。 應了解的是根據實施例可作出各種其它變化和修飾例 而仍不脫離本發明之精神與範疇，其本性將由先前說明及 所附的申請專利範圍來決定。再者，上述實例係僅用以說 明而非意欲用以限制本發明方法的範圍。 ____20_ 本紙ϋ度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、1Τ %丨Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 503226 A7 _______ 87 _ V. Description of the invention (u,) Plutonium _232 per gram (Bq / gm) and 28Bq / gm of uranium · 238. The half-life of tritium contained in monazite is about 4.5 billion years (4.5 × 109). Ideally, the size of the monazite may range from dust (about 0.1 microns) to about 1.0 microns. Lead slag, caustic magnesia, and calcium carbonate are all pre-honed to about 110 microns, that is, 90% pass through a 150-micron sieve. Example 9 300 g of monazite (containing radioactive 246 Becler / g plutonium and 28.1 g of Becquer / g uranium), 400 g of caustic magnesia, and 480 g of lead slag (e.g., Mt.Isa) and 320 g The mixture of calcium carbonate was thoroughly dry-mixed with 100 g of aluminum sulfate and 25 g of citric acid. During this time, 300 ml of water was added to form a thick, fast-setting paste. The consistency of the total mixture can be adjusted by adding water to form a moldable composition. The total mixture is poured into a mold and allowed to set. The radioactivity of the encapsulated monazite mixture was measured to be 44.60 ± 0.20 Becler / g of plutonium and 5.06 ± 0.21 Becler / g of uranium. Leachability analysis (TCLP test) was performed at 14 days and 28 days to measure leached uranium and plutonium. At 14 days, less than 0.05 micrograms / liter of uranium can be leached and 0.25 micrograms / liter of rhenium can be leached. In 28 days, less than 5 micrograms per liter of uranium can be leached out and 0.45-0.50 micrograms per liter can be leached out of actinides. Gama spectroscopy was performed on the TCLP solution to measure the radioactive uranium and plutonium content at 14 and 28 days. At 14 days, the leachable uranium radioactive system was below a detectable level or equivalent to <1 ppm and the leachable plutonium radioactive system was 0.034 ± 0.07 Becler / gram. In 28 days, the uranium that can be leached out is ____118_ (CNS) A4m ^ (210X297 ^) — (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Order yc 2 2 3 A7 _______ B7 printed by the company V. Description of the invention (ll) The radioactivity is lower than the detectable content or equivalent to < lppm and the leachable radon radioactivity is lower than the detectable content or equivalent to < 2PPm. Example 10 500 g of monazite (containing radioactive 246 Becquer / gram plutonium and 28.1 g of Becquer / gram of uranium), 450 g of caustic magnesia, and 360 g of lead slag (such as Mt. Isa) and 240 g of calcium carbonate The resulting mixture was thoroughly dry-mixed with 100 g of aluminum sulfate and 25 g of citric acid. During this time, 310 ml of water was added to form a thick, fast-setting paste. The consistency of the total mixture can be adjusted by adding water to form a moldable composition. The total mixture is poured into a mold and allowed to set. The radioactivity of the encapsulated monazite mixture was measured to be 70.20 to 0.30 Becler / g of plutonium and 8.01 to 0.31 Becler / g of uranium. Leachability analysis (TCLP test) was performed at 14 days and 28 days to measure leached uranium and plutonium. In 14 days, less than 0.05 micrograms / liter of uranium can be leached out and 0.15 micrograms / liter of actinide can be leached out. At 28 days, the leachingable uranium series is 0.05 micrograms / liter and the leasable actinide series is 0.15-0.45 micrograms / liter. Gama spectroscopy was performed on the TCLP solution to measure the radioactive uranium and plutonium content at 14 and 28 days. At 14 days, the leachable uranium radioactivity was below the detectable content or equivalent to < lppm and the leachable radon radioactivity was below the detectable content or equivalent to < 2ppm. At 28 days, the leachable uranium radioactivity was below a detectable level or equivalent to < 1 ppm and the leachable plutonium radioactivity was 0.038 ± 0.07 Becler / g. Example 11 Make 800 grams of monazite (containing radioactive 246 Becquer / gram and 28.1 _________19____ This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X 297 mm)) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) • I clothes ·,-!! 2 2 3 Printed by A7 B7____ of the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (\ g) Beckler / gram of uranium), 400 grams of caustic magnesia and 300 grams A mixture of lead slag (such as Mt. Isa) and 200 g of calcium carbonate is thoroughly dry-mixed with 100 g of aluminum sulfate and 25 g of citric acid. During this time, 400 ml of water was added to form a thick, fast-setting paste. The consistency of the total mixture can be adjusted by adding water to form a moldable composition. The total mixture is poured into a mold and allowed to set. The radioactivity of the encapsulated monazite mixture was measured to be 104 ······ 41 Beckler / gram of plutonium and 12.0 ± 0.42 Beckerer / gram of uranium. Leachability analysis (TCLP test) was performed at 14 days and 28 days to measure leached uranium and plutonium. At 14 days, leaching out of the uranium series was 0.05 micrograms / liter and leaching out of the actinide series was 0.25 micrograms / liter. In 28 days, the leachable uranium series was 0.10 micrograms / liter and the leachable actinide series was 1.10-1.40 micrograms / liter. Gama spectroscopy was performed on the TCLP solution to measure the radioactive uranium and plutonium content at 14 and 28 days. At 14 days, the leachable uranium radioactivity was below the detectable content or equivalent to < lppm and the leachable radon radioactivity was below the detectable content or equivalent to < 2ppm. At 28 days, the leachable uranium radioactivity was below a detectable level or equivalent to < lppm and the leachable plutonium radioactivity was 0.038 to 0.007 Becler / gram. In each of Examples 9 to 11 above, the leaching rates of the plutonium and uranium solutions were less than 10 parts per million (ppm), indicating successful encapsulation of radioactive material. It should be understood that various other changes and modifications can be made according to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and its nature will be determined by the foregoing description and the scope of the attached patent application. Furthermore, the above examples are provided for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the method of the present invention. ____20_ This paper is compatible with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page), 1T% 丨