493184 A7 __________ B7 五、發明說明（1 ) (發明所屬之技術領域） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明係關於一種串聯地積層一個或複數個以氧化鋅 作爲主成分之非直線電阻體來構成內部要素，而在該內部 元件之兩端部分別導電接合端子電極的避雷器及其製造方 法；特別是關於一種將異常電流通電時之爆炸危險性成爲 極小，且實現小型化的避雷針及其製造方法。 (以往之技術） 一般，在電力系統因落雷等而發生異常電壓（雷突波 )之場合，爲了從異常電壓來保護電力系統或電力機器， 使用避雷器。在該避雷器使用在正常電壓下表示絕緣特性 ，且施加異常電壓時表示低電阻特性之非直線電阻體。 又，避雷器係被連接於電力系統與大地之間，發生異 常電壓時，經避雷器而流動放電電流，而異常電壓被限制 。之後，電壓復原成正常狀態時立即停止放電而恢復成原 來之絕緣狀態。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 上述避雷器係以積層複數以氧化鋅作爲主成分的非直 線電阻體，在其上下兩端部導電結合端子電極，而爲了防 止此等之徑向偏離朝徑向均等地配置複數絕緣桿，以絕緣 螺帽鎖緊固定其上下端，構成避雷器之內部元件。 將該內部元件收納於絕緣容器中，在內部元件之上端 部經由彈簧覆蓋部並賦與軸向之推壓力，俾將上述內部元 件固定在絕緣容器之中心。 上述絕緣容器係使用陶瓷，聚合物樹脂者，使用聚合 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） '~ .-4 - 493184 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（2 ) 物樹脂者，特別稱爲聚合物型避雷器。在非直線電阻體之 固定方法，除了如上述以絕緣桿推壓之方法之外’，還有例 如曰本特開平1 一 2 5 5 4 3 7號公報所揭示之絕緣性帶 固定之方法，或是如日本特開平1 0 - 5 5 9 0 4號公報 所揭示之以絕緣性網固定之方法。 (發明欲解決之課題） 然而在以往之聚合物型避雷器，藉著絕緣桿裝配內部 元件時，作業人員必須以手作業排列裝配例如複數個非直 線電阻體或上下兩端之端子電極的各該零件，又爲了一體 化此等成爲需要絕緣桿及螺帽等。又在將內部元件收納於 聚合物絕緣子時，必須固定內部元件，而爲了賦與軸向之 推力並固定該內部元件使用彈簧或蓋體，故在裝配時包含 不安定元件。 又在以帶或網固定非直線電阻體之場合，則部分放電 發生在非直線電阻體之接觸面，使周邊之聚合物樹脂受到 損傷，導致破壞之可能性。又、，超過限度之電流流在避雷 器時，由於從側面逸散發生之氣體，而有位於側面之聚合 物樹脂，帶或網損壞，使破壞之非直線電阻體之破片，飛 散至避雷器外部之可能性。 又’聚合物材料係劣化依使用之環境而進行，也被謀 求對於溫度，紫外線等之光，鹽害或砂塵的耐候性之改善 〇 本發明係考慮上述之事項而創作者，其目的係在於提 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） -----------裝--------訂---------線-11^ (請先閱讀背面之注咅？事項再填寫本頁) -5- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 493184 A7 _____ B7 五、發明說明（3) 供一種刪減零件數，謀求提高製作性，實現小型化，雖超 過責任之接地電流也可防止爆炸或飛散的避雷器及其製造 方法。 又本發明之其他目的係在於提供一種抑制部分放電之 發生，長期間地維持信賴性，且具備優異之耐候性的避雷 器及其製造方法。 (解決課題所用之手段） 爲了解決上述課題，申請專利範圍第1項所述之避雷 器，設置串聯地積層一個或複數個以氧化鋅作爲主成分之 非直線電阻體，在該兩端部導電接合端子電極構成內部元 件的避雷器，其特徵爲：以浸透藉著加熱使之硬化之絕緣 性樹脂之絕緣性織布覆蓋上述內部元件之周圍成爲一體化 ，在該一體化之內部元件模塑成形聚合物樹脂形成絕緣子 〇 在申請專利範圍第1項所述之避雷器中，由於積層一 個或複數個以氧化鋅作爲主成分之非直線電阻體，與端子 電極一起以絕緣性織布成爲一體化，以聚合物樹脂一倂模 塑此等來構成避雷器，故用以固定此等之零件成爲不需要 ，可謀求小型化。 萬一，即使藉著過度責任之動作使非直線電阻體發生 貫通破壞，又在隨著電弧之發生而發生氣體導致內壓上昇 ，由於也以絕緣性織布覆蓋周圍，因此可防止避雷器爆炸 性地飛散。又由於接合非直線電阻體’因此不會發生部分 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -----------uml 裝--------訂---------^ ^_wl (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -6 - 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 493184 A7 — _ B7 _ 五、發明說明（4 ) 放電，並可抑制聚合物樹脂製絕緣子之劣化。 在申請專利範圍第2項之避雷器中，申請專利範圍第 1項所述之絕緣性織布，係織成絕緣性之單紗或捻紗，形 成朝周方向無端狀地連續之筒狀，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第3項所述之避雷器中，構成申請專 利範圍第2項所述的絕緣性織布之單紗或捻紗，係來自不 相同之二方向的角度爲30至160° ，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第3項所述之避雷器，係藉著將單線 或捻線之角度作爲3 0至1 6 0 ° ，可得到充分強度。該 角度係較理想爲60° ，若不足30° ，或超過160° ，則纖維滑動，無法得到充分強度。 在申請專利範圍第4項所述之避雷器中，構成申請專 利範圍第2項所述的絕緣性織布之單紗或捻紗之間隔係 0.5至5mm，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第4項所述之避雷器，係藉著將單紗 或捻紗之間隔作爲0 · 5至5 m m，可得到良好之放壓特 性與充分之強度。若其間隔超過5 m m時，則無法得到充 分之強度，又若不足0 · 5mm，則發生之氣體無法逸散 ，無法得到改善效果。 在申請專利範圍第5項所述之避雷器中，申請專利範 圍第1項所述之絕緣性織布，係在串聯地積層一個或複數 個所設置的非直線電阻體之上下周緣部近旁之位置，形成 放壓用之開口部，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第6項所述之避雷器中，申請專利範 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -----------·.裝--------訂---------線-41^- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 493184 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（5 ) 圍第1項所述之絕緣性織布，係在串聯地積層一個或複數 個所設置的非直線電阻體之上下周緣部近旁之位置，設置 放壓用之弱點部，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第5項至第6項所述之避雷器中，即 使絕緣性織布之編的密實之織法，在位於非直線電阻體之 上下端部的絕緣性織布設置開口部，或作爲放壓用之弱點 部例如絕緣性織布之折疊部，絕緣性織布之缺口部或將纖 維之織法成爲較粗部分，藉者設置比其他部分較少絕緣性 樹脂之部分而在依過責任發生電弧時，短路電流流在非直 線電阻體，絕緣性織布，或絕緣子之界面，電弧係通過絕 緣性織布之開口部或弱點部連通於上下之端子電極，同時 內部所發生之氣體朝上下方向逸散。結果，即使流動過大 電流，也可將非直線電阻體留在絕緣性織布之內部，而可 防止爆炸性之飛散。 在申請專利範圍第7項所述之避雷器中，申請專利範 圍第1項所述之聚合物樹脂，係含有0·5至40%塡充 物，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第7項所述之避雷器中，藉著聚合物 樹脂含有0·5至40%塡充物，能保持作爲聚合物樹脂 之彈性，並可改善耐酸性。其含有率係較理想爲2 0至3 8 %，不足0 · 5 %，則聚合物樹脂製絕緣子之排水性之 恢復時間費2 4小時也無法改善耐候性，又或超過4 0 % 時，則會損及聚合物樹脂製絕緣子之彈性。 在申請專利範圍第8項所述之避雷器中，申請專利範 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ~ -8- -----------裝--------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 493184 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（6 ) _第7項所述之塡充物，係S i〇2，T 1〇2之至少一方 &材料所構成，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第9項所述之避雷器中，申請專利範 圍第1項所述之聚合物樹脂係含有1至50ppm p t ’Fe ，Ni ，Ca ，Mn，Na ，K，Mg，爲其特徵 者。 在申請專利範圍第9項所述之避雷器中，藉著聚合物 樹脂含有 1 至 50ppm pt，Fe，Ni ，Ca， N a ，K，M g，能保持作爲聚合物樹脂之彈性，可改善 耐候性。其含有率係較理想爲5至3 0 p p m，而在不足 1 P P m，聚合物樹脂製絕緣子之排水性之恢復時間爲2 〇小時而無法改善耐候性，又若超過5 〇 p p m，則會損 及聚合物樹脂製絕緣子之彈性。 在申請專利範圍第1 0項所述之避雷器中，申請專利 範圍第1項所述之聚合物樹脂係橡膠硬度爲3 0至6 0， 爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第1 〇項所述之避雷器中，由於聚合 物樹脂之橡膠硬度爲3 0至6 0，因此可提高耐砂塵特性 。若橡膠硬度不足3 0則難維持絕緣子之笠形狀，又橡膠 硬度超過6 0，則容易受損。 在申請專利範圍第1 1項所述之避雷器中，申請專利 範圍第1項所述之聚合物樹脂係分子量2 0 0 〇至 8 0 0 0之低分子量，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第1 1項所述之避雷器中，由於聚合 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ------------裝—丨丨——訂---------線-^1^— (請先閱讀背面之注音？事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 493184 A7 _ B7 五、發明說明（7 ) 物樹脂之分子量係2 0 0 0至8 0 0 0之低分子量，因此 可得到良好之短路特性與耐候性。在此，聚合物樹脂之分 子量不足2000，或超過8000時，無法得到良好之 短路特性與耐候性之雙方。 在申請專利範圍第1 2項所述之避雷器中，申請專利 範圍第1項所述之聚合物樹脂係耐跟踪性在3 . 5至 5 · 5kv，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第1 2項所述之避雷器中，藉著聚合 物樹脂之耐跟踪性作爲3 · 5至5 . 5 k v，可得到良好 之短路特性與耐候性。在此，耐跟踪性不足3 · 5 k v時 ，判明耐候性測試中，增加絕緣子之褶部表面之洩漏電流 ，而有壽命特性上問題。又若耐跟踪性超過5 . 5 k v， 則耐候性測試中，確認發生電暈放電。 該電暈放電之發生原因，雖未成爲明確者，惟考量若 提高耐跟踪性，則電荷容易被儲存在絕緣子之褶部表面， 當該電荷超過某一限度，會與電暈放電有關連。當發生電 暈放電時，由於有機物被碳化，因此降低壽命特性。 在申請專利範圍第1 3項所述之避雷器中，申請專利 範圍第1項所述之聚合物樹脂，係主液與硬化劑之比率爲 1:0.9至1:1.1，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第1 3項所述之避雷器中，由於主液 與硬化劑之比率爲1 : 0 · 9至1 : 1 · 1 ’因此混合條 件成爲良好。其比率較理想爲1 · 1 ，若超過1 : 0 · 9 至1 : 1 · 1之範圍時，無法得到較理想之混合條件。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） "" -----------裝--------訂—-------線-lull- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 493184 第89113033號專利申請案 中文說明書修正頁 A7 B7493184 A7 __________ B7 V. Description of the invention (1) (Technical field to which the invention belongs) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) The present invention relates to a series of one or more layers with zinc oxide as the main component Non-linear resistors are used to form internal elements, and lightning arresters with terminal electrodes are electrically conductively connected to both ends of the internal element, and a method of manufacturing the same; in particular, an explosion risk when an abnormal current is energized is minimized, and miniaturization is achieved Lightning rod and manufacturing method thereof. (Conventional technology) Generally, when an abnormal voltage (lightning surge) occurs in a power system due to a lightning strike, etc., a lightning arrester is used to protect the power system or power equipment from the abnormal voltage. This lightning arrester uses a non-linear resistor that exhibits insulation characteristics under normal voltage and low resistance characteristics when an abnormal voltage is applied. In addition, the arrester is connected between the power system and the earth. When an abnormal voltage occurs, a discharge current flows through the arrester, and the abnormal voltage is limited. After that, when the voltage returns to the normal state, the discharge is stopped immediately and the original insulation state is restored. The above-mentioned arrester is a non-linear resistor with laminated zinc oxide as the main component printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The upper and lower ends of the arrester are conductively combined with terminal electrodes. A plurality of insulating rods are equally arranged, and the upper and lower ends thereof are locked and fixed with an insulating nut to form an internal component of the arrester. This internal component is housed in an insulated container, and an upper end portion of the internal component is subjected to an axial thrust force through a spring covering portion, and the internal component is fixed at the center of the insulated container. The above insulated containers are made of ceramics or polymer resins. The paper size used here is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm). '~ .-4-493184 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) The resin is particularly called a polymer lightning arrester. In addition to the method of fixing the non-linear resistor, as described above, the method of pressing with an insulating rod is also used, for example, the method of fixing an insulating tape disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-2 5 5 4 3 7 Or it can be fixed by an insulating net as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-5559. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the conventional polymer lightning arresters, when assembling internal components by insulating rods, an operator must manually arrange and assemble, for example, a plurality of non-linear resistors or terminal electrodes at both ends of the upper and lower ends. In order to integrate these parts, insulating rods and nuts are required. When the internal components are housed in a polymer insulator, the internal components must be fixed, and a spring or cover is used to impart axial thrust and fix the internal components. Therefore, unstable components are included during assembly. In the case where a non-linear resistor is fixed by a belt or a net, a partial discharge occurs at the contact surface of the non-linear resistor, which may damage the surrounding polymer resin and cause damage. In addition, when the current exceeding the limit flows in the arrester, the polymer resin, belt or net located on the side is damaged due to the gas that escapes from the side, so that the broken non-linear resistor body is scattered to the outside of the arrester. possibility. In addition, the degradation of polymer materials depends on the environment in which they are used, and it is also sought to improve the weather resistance to light such as temperature, ultraviolet rays, salt damage, and sand and dust. The present invention was created by considering the above matters, and its purpose is to The paper size of the paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) ----------- installation -------- order --------- Line-11 ^ (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page) -5- Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 493184 A7 _____ B7 V. Description of the invention (3) Provide a kind of cut-off parts Lightning arresters that seek to improve manufacturability and achieve miniaturization and prevent explosion or scattering despite ground currents exceeding their responsibilities and methods of manufacturing the same. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a lightning arrester which suppresses the occurrence of partial discharge, maintains reliability for a long period of time, and has excellent weather resistance, and a method for manufacturing the same. (Means used to solve the problem) In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the lightning arrester described in the first patent application range is provided with one or more non-linear resistors with zinc oxide as a main component laminated in series, and the two ends are conductively bonded. The terminal electrode constitutes a lightning arrester for an internal component, and is characterized in that an insulating woven fabric impregnated with an insulating resin hardened by heating is covered around the internal component to be integrated, and the integrated internal component is molded and polymerized. In the lightning arrester described in item 1 of the patent application scope, because one or more non-linear resistors with zinc oxide as the main component are laminated, they are integrated with the terminal electrode by an insulating woven fabric, so that The polymer resin is molded at once to form a lightning arrester, so that fixing these parts is unnecessary, and miniaturization can be achieved. Even if the non-linear resistor is broken through by excessive liability, the internal pressure rises due to the occurrence of gas due to the occurrence of the arc. Since the surrounding area is covered with insulating fabric, the arrester can be prevented from exploding explosively. Flying away. And because of joining non-linear resistors, it will not happen that some of the paper dimensions are applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ----------- uml package ----- --- Order --------- ^ ^ _wl (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -6-Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 493184 A7 — _ B7 _ V. Description of the Invention (4) Discharge and suppress deterioration of the polymer resin insulator. In the lightning arrester of the second patent application scope, the insulating woven fabric described in the first patent application scope is woven into an insulating single yarn or twisted yarn to form a continuous cylindrical shape that is endless in the circumferential direction. Its characteristics. In the lightning arrester described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, the single yarn or twisted yarn constituting the insulating woven fabric described in item 2 of the scope of patent application is an angle from 30 to 160 ° from a different direction. Its characteristics. The lightning arrester described in item 3 of the scope of patent application can obtain sufficient strength by using the angle of a single wire or twisted wire as 30 to 160 °. The angle is preferably 60 °, and if it is less than 30 ° or more than 160 °, the fiber slides, and sufficient strength cannot be obtained. In the lightning arrester described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, the interval between the single yarn or twisted yarn constituting the insulating woven fabric described in item 2 of the scope of patent application is 0.5 to 5 mm, which is its characteristic. The lightning arrester described in item 4 of the scope of patent application can obtain good pressure release characteristics and sufficient strength by setting the interval of single yarn or twisted yarn as 0.5 to 5 mm. If the interval exceeds 5 mm, sufficient strength cannot be obtained, and if it is less than 0.5 mm, the generated gas cannot escape, and the improvement effect cannot be obtained. In the lightning arrester described in item 5 of the scope of patent application, the insulating woven fabric described in item 1 of the scope of patent application is located near the lower peripheral edge above and below the non-linear resistors arranged in series. It is a feature that forms an opening for pressure relief. In the lightning arrester described in item 6 of the scope of patent application, the paper size of the patent application template is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ----------- · .-- ------ Order --------- line-41 ^-(Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) 493184 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Invention Note (5) The insulating woven fabric described in item 1 is characterized in that one or a plurality of non-linear resistors are laminated in series and located near the upper and lower peripheral edges of the non-linear resistors. A weak point for pressure relief is provided as a feature. By. In the lightning arrester described in claims 5 to 6 of the scope of patent application, even if the weaving method of the insulating woven fabric is dense, an opening is provided on the insulating woven fabric located above and below the non-linear resistor, or As a weak point for pressure release, for example, a folded portion of an insulating woven fabric, a notched portion of the insulating woven fabric, or a weaving method of the fiber to a thicker portion, a portion having less insulating resin than other portions can be used. When an arc occurs due to a fault, a short-circuit current flows at the interface between the non-linear resistor, the insulating fabric, or the insulator. The arc is connected to the upper and lower terminal electrodes through the opening or weak point of the insulating fabric, and the internal The gas escapes up and down. As a result, even if a large current flows, the non-linear resistor can be left inside the insulating woven fabric, and explosive scattering can be prevented. Among the lightning arresters described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, the polymer resins described in item 1 of the scope of patent application contain 0.5 to 40% of the filler, which is characteristic. In the lightning arrester described in item 7 of the scope of the patent application, because the polymer resin contains 0.5 to 40% of the charge, the elasticity as a polymer resin can be maintained, and the acid resistance can be improved. The content rate is preferably 20 to 38%, and less than 0.5%. When the drainage time of the polymer resin insulator is 24 hours, the weather resistance cannot be improved, or when it exceeds 40%, It will impair the elasticity of the polymer resin insulator. In the lightning arrester described in item 8 of the scope of patent application, the paper size of the patent application template is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ~ -8- ----------- installation -------- Order --------- line (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 493184 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Invention Description ( 6) _ The filling described in item 7 is composed of at least one of S i02, T 102 & materials, and is its characteristic. In the lightning arrester described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, the polymer resin described in item 1 of the scope of patent application contains 1 to 50 ppm pt'Fe, Ni, Ca, Mn, Na, K, Mg, which is characterized by . In the lightning arrester described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, the polymer resin contains 1 to 50 ppm pt, Fe, Ni, Ca, Na, K, and Mg, which can maintain the elasticity of the polymer resin and improve weather resistance. Sex. Its content rate is preferably 5 to 30 ppm, and at less than 1 PP m, the recovery time of drainage of polymer resin insulators is 20 hours without improving weather resistance, and if it exceeds 50 ppm, it will Impairs the elasticity of polymer resin insulators. In the lightning arrester described in item 10 of the scope of patent application, the hardness of the polymer resin rubber described in item 1 of the scope of patent application is 30 to 60, which is its characteristic. In the lightning arrester described in item 10 of the scope of patent application, since the rubber hardness of the polymer resin is 30 to 60, the sand and dust resistance characteristics can be improved. If the rubber hardness is less than 30, it is difficult to maintain the shape of the insulator, and if the rubber hardness is more than 60, it is easy to be damaged. Among the arresters described in item 11 of the scope of patent application, the polymer resins described in item 1 of the scope of patent application have low molecular weights ranging from 2000 to 8000, which are characteristic. In the lightning arrester described in item 11 of the scope of patent application, because the paper size of the aggregate is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ------------ installation— 丨丨 ——Order --------- line- ^ 1 ^ — (Please read the phonetic on the back? Matters before filling out this page) Printed by the Employees' Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 493184 A7 _ B7 V. Invention It is explained that the molecular weight of the (7) resin is a low molecular weight of 2000 to 8000, so good short-circuit characteristics and weather resistance can be obtained. Here, when the molecular weight of the polymer resin is less than 2,000 or exceeds 8,000, both of short-circuit characteristics and weather resistance cannot be obtained. Among the arresters described in item 12 of the scope of patent application, the polymer resin system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application has a tracking resistance of 3.5 to 5.5 kv, which is characteristic. In the lightning arrester described in item 12 of the scope of the patent application, the tracking resistance of the polymer resin is 3.5 to 5.5 kV, and good short-circuit characteristics and weather resistance can be obtained. Here, when the tracking resistance is less than 3.5 kV, it is found that in the weather resistance test, the leakage current on the surface of the pleated portion of the insulator is increased, and there is a problem in the life characteristics. When the tracking resistance exceeds 5.5 kV, a corona discharge is confirmed during the weather resistance test. Although the cause of this corona discharge has not been clarified, it is considered that if the tracking resistance is improved, the charge is easily stored on the surface of the pleated portion of the insulator. When the charge exceeds a certain limit, it will be related to the corona discharge. When a corona discharge occurs, the organic matter is carbonized, which reduces the life characteristics. Among the arresters described in item 13 of the scope of patent application, the polymer resin described in item 1 of the scope of patent application is characterized by the ratio of the main liquid to the hardener of 1: 0.9 to 1: 1.1. In the arrester described in item 13 of the scope of patent application, since the ratio of the main liquid to the hardener is from 1: 0 · 9 to 1: 1 · 1 ', the mixing condition becomes good. The ratio is preferably 1 · 1. If it exceeds the range of 1: 0 · 9 to 1: 1 · 1, it is not possible to obtain a better mixing condition. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) " " ----------- Installation -------- Order ------- -线 -lull- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 493184 No. 89113033 Patent Application Chinese Manual Amendment Page A7 B7
民國91年5月修正 五、發明説明（8) 在申請專利範圍第1 4項所述之避雷器中，申請專利 範圍第1項所述之聚合物樹脂係對於主液爲1 〇 〇 w t % ，硬化劑爲lOOwt%，各添加〇 · 〇5至2 . 〇wt %著色劑，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第1 4項所述之避雷器中，對於主液 爲1 OOwt%，硬化劑爲1 〇〇wt%，各添加 0 · 05至2 · Owt%著色劑，絕緣子被著色，可從紫 外線來保護避雷器內部。在此，著色劑不足〇 · 〇 5 W t % ’無法得到著色劑之效果，而超過2 · 〇 w t %，則使 耐候性劣化。 在申請專利範圍第1 5項所述之避雷器之製造方法， 其特徵爲：串聯地積層一個或複數個以氧化鋅作爲主成分 之非直線電阻體，在該兩端部導電接合端子電極構成內部 元件，以浸透藉著加熱使之硬化之絕緣性樹脂的絕緣性織 布覆盖該內部兀件之周圍成爲一體化之後，在金屬模內配 置該一體化之內部元件，將混合主液，硬化劑，著色劑之 聚合物樹脂從注射成形機注入至上述金屬模內，在該金屬 模具內硬化俾形成絕緣子。 在申請專利範圍第1 6項所述之避雷器之製造方法中 ，申請專利範圍第1 5項所述之注射成形機，係將各材料 從分別收容主液，硬化劑，著色劑之材料槽，藉著通過在 內部具備複數混合用旋轉翼之管狀混合容器加以混合之後 ，注入至金屬模內，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第1 7項所述之避雷器之製造方法中 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） — (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、11 #- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -11 - 493184 A7 B7___ 五、發明說明（9 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ，以浸透藉著加熱使之硬化之絕緣性樹脂的絕緣性織布覆 蓋申請專利範圍第1 5項所述之內部元件之周圍成爲一體 化的一體化物，係在模塑聚合物樹脂之前，事先基本處理 表面，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第1 8項所述之避雷器之製造方法中 ，注入在申請專利範圍第1 5項所述之金屬模內的聚合物 樹脂，係主液與硬化劑之比率爲1 : 0 · 9至1 : 1 . 1 ，爲其特徵者。 在申請專利範圍第1 9項所述之避雷器之製造方法中 ’注入在申請專利範圍第1 5項所述之金屬模內的聚合物 樹脂，係對於主液爲1 0 0 w t %，硬化劑爲1 〇 〇 w t %’各添加〇·05至2·Owt%著色劑，爲其特徵者 〇 (發明之實施形態） 以下，依據圖式說明本發明之實施形態。 (一實施形態） 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 第1圖係表示本發明之避雷器之一實施形態的剖面圖 0 此第1圖所示，以氧化鋅作爲主成分的非直線電阻體 1 ’係經由導電性之黏接劑互相地導電結合複數個，由此 積層複數個非直線電阻體1作爲積層體，而在該積層體之 上下兩端部導電接合端子電極2俾構成內部元件3。 以浸透藉著加熱使之硬化之絕緣性樹脂的絕緣性織布 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 X 297公釐） -12- 493184 A7 _B7 五、發明説明（1C) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 4覆蓋該內部元件3，同時將該絕緣性織布4之上下兩端 部夾入在形成於端子電極2之段差部5與推壓固定件6之 間使之固定成爲一體化之後，在該一體化之內部元件3模 塑成形聚合物樹脂俾形成絕緣子7。 非直線電阻體1係具有非直線電阻特性的氧化鋅燒結 體，適用將此等如上述地藉著複數導電結合加以積層成爲 積層體，或是在氧化鋅燒結體彼此間之導電接合中，爲了 增加接合強度在氧化鋅燒結體與氧化鋅燒結體之間插進具 有導電性之金屬電極，將此等藉著導電接合加以積層作爲 積層體者。在本實施形態中，非直線電阻體1係藉著導電 結合複數個加以積層，惟並不被限定於此而以一個非直線 電阻體構成也可以。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 覆蓋內部元件3之絕緣性織布4係在例如玻璃纖維， 芳族聚醯胺纖維，氧化鋁纖維，聚酯纖維等之縱紗與橫紗 所構成之絕緣布浸透環氧樹脂，酚樹脂，聚酯樹脂等之絕 緣性樹脂的熱硬化性樹脂者。作爲絕緣性織布4之形狀， --般爲通常片狀者，惟在本實施形態之避雷器，係編織絕 緣性之單紗或捻紗，其織法爲朝周方向無端狀地連續，使 用形狀爲筒狀者。構成絕緣性織布4之單紗或捻紗係來自 不同之二方向之角度爲3 0至1 6 0，而其間隔係設定在 0 . 5 至 5 m m。 在端子電極2之段差部5上部刻設有螺旋部8，而在 該螺旋部8螺合例如墊圈或螺帽等之推壓固定件.6，以該 推壓固定件6鎖緊固定絕緣性織布4之上下兩端部。又， 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -13- 493184 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（11) 在段差部5形成有圓弧部9。 形成絕緣子7之聚合物樹脂，例如使用以二甲基聚矽 氧烷作爲主成分之矽酮樹脂，含有0·5至40%由 S 1〇2，T i〇2之至少一方之材料所構成的塡充物。在 矽酮樹脂作爲催化使用含有1至5 0 Ρ Ρ πι p t ，F e ，Ni ，Ca ，Mn，Na ，K，Mg者也可以。聚合物 樹脂係橡膠硬度在3 0至6 0之範圍內，分子量2 0 〇 0 至8000之低分子量，耐跟踪性設定在3 · 5至5 · 5 k v 〇 以下，說明本實施形態的避雷器之作用。 因避雷器之內部元件3係以絕緣性織布4覆蓋成爲一 體化，因此裝配被簡化，作業成爲容易，又由於代替絕緣 桿，絕緣螺帽及彈簧而使用絕緣性織布4來固定內部元件 3，因此可刪減零件數，可得到構成上安定之內部元件3 ，同時容易得到特性上偏差少之內部元件3。 亦即，由於積層複數個以氧化鋅作爲主成分之非直線 電阻體1 ，並與端子電極2 —起以絕緣性織布4成爲一體 化，以聚合物樹脂一倂模塑此等俾形成絕緣子7，因此成 爲不需用以固定此等之零件，可謀求小型化。 萬一，因過責任之動作使非直線電阻體1產生貫通破 壞，又即使隨著電弧之發生而發生氣體使內壓上昇，也由 於以絕緣性織布4覆蓋周圍，因此可防止避雷器爆炸性地 飛散。又由於接合非直線電阻體1 ，因此不會發生部分放 電，可抑制聚合物樹脂製絕緣子7之劣化。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -----------裝--------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -14 - 493184 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 又在接合於非直線電阻體1之上下兩端部之端子電極 2，形成有段差部5，且在該段差部5與推壓固定件6之 間夾進覆蓋內部元件3之絕緣性織布4之端部，並以推壓 固定件6鎖緊固定，而在內部元件3賦與軸向之推壓力， 因此藉著很少發生之避雷器之過責任之動作使非直線電阻 體1發生貫通破壞，又即使隨著發生電弧而發生氣體使內 壓上昇，也使氣體從絕緣性織布4之網眼之一部分的聚合 物樹脂之一部分徑向地吹出，僅局部地損壞聚合物樹脂所 構成之絕緣子7而可未然地防止爆炸性飛散。 由於絕緣性織布4係在例如玻璃纖維等之縱紗與橫紗 所構成之絕緣布浸透環氧樹脂或聚酯樹脂等絕緣性熱硬化 性樹脂者，因此，製造容易又在成本面也成爲良好者。又 由於筒狀地形成絕緣性織布4，而在其中僅依次插進複數 個非直線電阻體1與端子電極2即可以，因此裝配作業被 簡化，因此可提高製作性。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 又，筒狀之絕緣性織布4之兩端部之處置，係折入形 成在端子電極2之段差部5而以推壓固定件6。亦即，在 端子電極2之段差部5之上部刻設有螺旋部8，以推壓固 定件6鎖緊固定絕緣性織布4之端部。又，在段差部5形 成圓弧部9，成爲容易進行捲繞絕緣性織布4時之作業， 接合狀恶也成爲良好者。 又片形狀絕緣性織布之情形也同樣地，在內部元件3 捲繞2至3次之後，藉著固定絕緣性織布之片端部，將非 直線電阻體1與端子電極2與絕緣性織布一起成爲一體化 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐) -15- 493184 A7 B7 五、發明說明（13) ，可賦與軸向之推壓力。 構成絕緣性織布4之單紗或捻紗，係藉將來自不同2 二方向之角度作爲3 0至160° ，可得到充分強度。該 ,角度係6 0 °較理想，若不足3 0 °或超過1 6 0 ° ’則 _使纖維滑動，無法得到充分強度。 藉將單紗或捻紗之間隔作爲〇 . 5至5 m m，可得到 良好之放壓特性及充分強度。若其間隔超過5 m m時無法 得到充分強度，又不足0 . 5 m m則發生之氣體無法逸散 ，無法得到改善效果。 絕緣性織布4係在串聯地積層複數個所設置之非直線 電阻體1之上下周緣部近旁的位置，設置如放壓用開口部 ，或絕緣性織布4之折疊部，絕緣性織布4之缺口部，將 纖維之織法成爲較粗之部分，比其他部分較少絕緣性樹脂 之部分等放壓用之弱點部，當藉著過責任發生電弧時，短 路電流流在非直線電阻體1 ，絕緣性織布4或絕緣子7之 界面，電弧係經絕緣性織布4之開口部或弱點部而連通於 上下之端子電極，同時朝上下方向逸散在內部所發生之氣 體。結果，即使流動過大之電流，也可將非直線電阻體1 留下在絕緣性織布4之內部，可防止爆炸性之飛散。 聚合物樹脂製絕緣子7藉著含有0·5至40%塡充 物，可保持作爲聚合物樹脂之彈性，並可改善耐候性。該 含有率係2 0至3 8 %較理想，若不足0 . 5 %，則聚合 物樹脂製之絕緣子7之排水性之恢復時間需費2 4小時而 無法改善耐候性，又若超過4 0 %時則會損及聚合物樹脂 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝--------訂---------線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 493184 A7 B7 五、發明說明（14) 製絕緣子之彈性。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 聚合物樹脂製絕緣子7藉著作爲催化含有1至5 0 ppm pt ，Fe，Ni ，Ca，Mn，Na，K， M g，可保持作爲聚合物樹脂之彈性，並可改善耐候性。 該含有率係5至30ppm較理想，若不足1 ppm，則 聚合物樹脂製絕緣子7之排水性之恢復時間需費2 0小時 ，而無法改善耐候性。又若超過5 0 p p m時則會損及聚 合物樹脂製絕緣子7之彈性。 又由於聚合物樹脂之橡膠硬度爲3 0至6 0，因此可 提高耐砂麈特性。若橡膠硬度不足3 0則難維持絕緣子之 笠形狀，又橡膠硬度超過60，則容易受損。由於聚合物 樹脂之分子量係2 0 0 0至8 0 0 0之低分子量，因此可 得到良好之短路特性與耐候性。在此，聚合物樹脂之分子 量不足2000 ，或超過8000時，無法得到良好之短 路特性與耐候性之雙方。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 藉著聚合物樹脂之耐跟踪性作爲3 · 5至5 . 5 k v ，可得到良好之短路特性與耐候性。在此，耐跟踪性不足 3 · 5 k v時，判明耐候性測試中，增加絕緣子之褶部表 面之洩漏電流，而有壽命特性上問題。又若耐跟踪性超過 5 · 5 k v，則耐候性測試中，確認發生電暈放電。 由於主液與硬化劑之比率爲1 : 0 · 9至1 : 1 . 1 ，因此混合條件成爲良好。其比率較理想爲1 . 1 ，若超 過1 : 0 · 9至1 : 1 · 1之範圍時，無法得到較理想之 混合條件。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -17- 493184 A7 B7 五、發明説明（θ 以下，依據第2 (Α)圖至第2 (C)圖說明本實施 形態之避雷器之製造方法。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 首先如第2 ( A )圖所示地藉著導電性黏接劑導電接 合串聯地積層複數個以氧化鋅作爲主成分之非直線電阻體 1 ，而在該上下兩端部分別藉著導電性黏接劑導電接合端 子電極2，俾構成內部元件3。 之後，如第2 ( B )圖所示地以浸透藉著加熱使之硬 化的絕緣性樹脂之絕緣性織布4覆蓋內部元件3之周圍成 爲一體化。 然後，將該一體化之內部元件3如第2 ( C )圖所示 地配置於形成有笠形狀之模穴的金屬模1 0內，將混合主 液，硬化劑，著色劑之聚合物樹脂從注射成形機1 1自其 注入口 1 0 a注入至金屬模1 〇內，在該金屬模1 0內硬 化俾形成絕緣子7之方法，來製造本實施形態之避雷器。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 注射成形機1 1係從分別收容主劑，硬化劑，著色劑 之主液槽1 2，硬化劑槽1 3，著色劑槽1 4藉著壓送栗 1 5供給至管狀混合容器1 6，在該管狀混合容器1 6藉 著通過主液，硬化劑，著色劑加以混合之後，注入至金屬 模1 0內。該管狀混合容器1 6，係如第3圖所不在內部 設置複數混合用旋轉翼1 7。注入在金屬模1 〇內之過剩 聚合物樹脂係從排出口 1 0 b藉著真空泵等吸引手段被吸 引。 以絕緣性織布4覆蓋成爲一體化之一體化物’在模塑 聚合物樹脂之前，事先基本處理表面較理想。由此’成爲 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -18- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 493184 A7 一 B7 五、發明說明（16) 聚合物樹脂容易接合於一體化物。 又，在主液槽1 2內收容有聚合物樹脂，p t等之催 化，及s i〇2，T i〇2等之塡充劑。在硬化劑槽1 3內 收容有聚合物樹脂，RS i X (R :甲基等，X :甲氧基 等）之硬化劑。 注入在金屬模1 0內之聚合物樹脂，係主液與硬化劑 之比率爲1 : 0 · 9至1 : 1 · 1 ，又對於主液爲1 0 〇 w t %，硬化劑爲1 〇 〇 w t %，各添加〇 . 〇 5至 2 · 0 w t %著色劑，在該著色劑使用以二甲基矽，鈦， 碳之任何作爲主成分之著色劑。 如此地依照本實施形態之避雷器之製造方法，在積層 之非直線電阻體1之兩端部導電接合端子電極2俾構成內 部元件3，以浸透藉著加熱使之硬化之絕緣性樹脂的絕緣 性織布4覆蓋該內部元件3之周圍成爲一體化之後，將該 一體化之內部元件3配置於金屬模內，將混合主液，硬化 劑，著色劑之聚合物樹脂從注射成形機1 1注入至金屬模 1 0內，由於在該金屬模1 0內使之硬化俾形成絕緣子7 ，因此可提高製造效率，並可製造高品質之避雷器。 又依照本實施形態之避雷器之製造方法，對於主液爲 lOOwt%，硬化劑爲lOOwt%，各添加0·05 至2 . 0 w t %著色劑，則絕緣子被著色而可從紫外線保 護避雷器內部。在此，若著色劑不足〇 · 〇 5 w t %，則 無法得到作爲著色劑之效果，若超過2 · 0 w t %則有耐 候性劣化之趨勢。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -----------,·-裝--------訂---------線# (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -19- 493184 A7 --- B7 五、發明說明（17) 以下，說明本實施形態之具體性實施例。 (第一實施例） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經由低融點金屬積層以直徑3 0 m m，高度3 0 m m .之氧化鋅作爲主成分之三個非直線電阻體1 ，及刻設有螺 方疋口β 8之兩個所疋形狀之瓶子電極2，藉著加熱來接合非 直線電阻體1與端子電極2。之後，事先將玻璃纖維作爲 大約直徑0 · 5 m m之捻紗，在周方向製作無縫隙之筒狀 織布。捻紗所製作之角度係作爲6 0。，而間隔係作爲3 mm 〇 在該織布浸透環氧樹脂，切斷成所定長度，插入非直 線電阻體1。將絕緣性織布4之端部推壓至端子面，藉著 推壓固定件6之螺帽加以固定。 將該非直線電阻體1之一體物在1 6 0 °C加熱一小時 ，固裝絕緣性樹脂之環氧樹脂。之後進行基本處理後，設 定在形成有笠形狀之模穴的金屬模1 〇，以注射成形機 1 1供應將聚合物樹脂之主液，硬化劑成爲1 : 1 ,而不 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 會進入氣泡地藉著通過在內部具有複數混合用旋轉翼i 7 之管狀混合容器1 6加以混合，從其注入口 1 〇 a注入至 金屬模1 0。之後在1 6 0 °C加熱兩小時，來硬化聚合物 樹脂，得到避雷器。在此，注入在金屬模1 〇之過剩聚合 物樹脂係從排出口 1 0被吸引。 在本實施例中，作爲聚合物樹脂，使用以二甲基聚矽 氧烷作爲主成分的矽酮樹脂。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -20- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 493184 A7 B7___ 五、發明說明（18 ) 對於如此地製作之避雷器，依照避雷器國際規格（ I E C 6 0——9 9 一 4 ( 1 9 9' 9 )進行短路測試。 測試係將避雷器之動作開始電壓的1 . 1倍的電壓施加5 至1 0分鐘之後，通電短路電流。在測試中，即使流動3 4KA之短路電流，也不會爆炸性飛散，又也不會飛散非 直線電阻體1，具有良好結果。本實施例之避雷器係5 K A等級，規格爲5 K A，惟在本實施例中確認可適用在 其以上之等級。 在本實施例之避雷器中，由於接合非直線電阻體1 ， 在絕緣性樹脂硬化，並以絕緣性織布4成爲一體化，又以 聚合物樹脂一倂模塑此等，因此，可提供一種小型且放壓 特性優異之避雷器。 又在本實施例之避雷器，將構成絕緣性織布4之捻紗 的角度作爲6 0，惟作爲3 0 °至1 6 0 °也同樣地確認 可得到良好之結果。若不足3 0 ° ，或超過1 6 0 ° ，則 纖維會滑動，無法得到充分之強度。 又在本實施例之避雷器，將捻紗之間隔作爲3 m m， 惟作爲0 · 5至5 m m也同樣地可得到良好之放壓特性。 又在本實施例，作爲直徑0 . 5 m m之捻紗，惟並不被限 定於此，在單紗也確認得到同樣之效果。 又由於直接接合非直線電阻體1與端子電極2，因此 在本實施例，不會發生部分放電，未能確認聚合物樹脂之 劣化，可得到良好之避雷器。 又在本實施例中，使用以二甲基聚矽氧烷作爲主成分 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公髮Ί 一 一 -21 - ---------—裝--------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 493184 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（19) 之砂酮樹脂’惟代替甲基在變更成其他之烷基或酚基之其 他5夕酮樹脂也製作同樣之避雷器，確認可得到同樣之效果 〇 又砂嗣樹脂之主材及硬化劑係具1 : 1時，混合條件 最好’惟硬化劑對於主材在9 〇 %至1 0 〇 %之範圍確認 可得到同樣之效果。 又對於5夕酮材料，即使添加2 %以下之著色劑之情形 ’也確認可得到同樣之結果。 (第二實施例） 在該第二實施例，係與上述第一實施例同樣地，接合 非直線電阻體1與端子電子電路2 ，事先以玻璃纖維同樣 地製作筒狀纖布。捻紗之間隔係作爲虛表上織密者。在該 纖布浸透環氧樹脂，切斷成所定長度，插入非直線電阻體 1。在接合之非直線電阻體1之最上下面的周緣部近旁形 成直徑2 m m之開口部。以下，與第一實施例同樣地得到 避雷器。 對於如此地製作之避雷器，與第一實施例同樣，進行 短路測試之結果，即使在短路電流3 8 K V A，也沒有爆 炸性之飛散，非直線電阻體1也不會飛散，具有良好之結 果。 在本實施例中，即使絕緣性織布之網眼緻密之織法， 由於在非直線電阻體1之積層體上下端部設置開口部，藉 著過責任發生電弧之場合，短路電流流在非直線電阻體1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ---------:丨1··裝--------訂---------線« (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -22- 493184 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（20) ，絕緣性織布4或絕緣子7之界面，電弧係通過絕緣性織 布4之開口部而相連於上下之端子電極2 1 ，同時在內部 所發生之氣體朝上下方向逸散。結果，考量即使流動過大 之電流，也可將非直線電阻體1停留在絕緣性織布4之內 部，可防止爆炸性之飛散。 又，代替上述開口部，即使形成折疊部，缺口部，將 玻璃纖維之織法成爲粗糙之部分，將絕緣性樹脂形成比其 他部分少之部分的弱點部，也確認可得到同樣之特性。 (第三實施例） 在該第三實施例中，與上述第一實施例同樣地，接合 非直線電阻體1與端子電極2，在絕緣性織布4成爲一體 化之後，進行基本處理，在矽酮樹脂作爲塡充物事先添加 混合4 0 % S i〇2，與第一實施例同樣地製作避雷器。 對於如此所製作之避雷器，與第一實施例同樣地進行 短路測試之結果，即使在短路電流3 3 K V，也不會爆炸 性地飛散，非直線電阻體1也不會飛散，有良好之結果。 又在本實施例中，可知耐候性被改善。亦即，測試係在鹽 水噴霧中施加使用電壓1 0 0 0小時之後，將蒸餾水滴下 至絕緣子7之聚合物笠上，測定其接觸角度，比較一直到 初期値之恢復時間，來評價排水性。 在本實施例中，恢復時間爲兩小時，而對於比較用之 第一實施例同樣地測定，則恢復時間係2 4小時以上，可 確認在本實施例能改善耐候性。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ---------:丨裝--------訂---------線· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -23- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 493184 A7 __ B7 五、發明說明（21) 又，代替S 1〇2而添加40%Ti〇2也確認具有同 樣之效果。又添加S i〇2或T i〇2超過4 0 %，由於損 及作爲聚合物之橡膠之特性而降低強度，因此無法得到改 善之效果。 又，在矽酮樹脂事先添加p t 50ppm，同樣地 製作避雷器。對於如此地所製作之避雷器進行短路測試’ 在短路電流3 8 K A得到同樣之良好結果。' 又，在耐候性測試，恢復時間係兩小時，爲良好之結 果。又代替p t ，在矽酮樹脂添加50ppm Fe，Amendment in May of 91 of the Republic of China. 5. Description of the invention (8) In the lightning arrester described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, the polymer resin described in item 1 of the scope of patent application is 100 wt% for the main liquid, The hardener is 100 wt%, and each of them is characterized by adding 0.05 to 2.0 wt% colorant. In the lightning arrester described in item 14 of the scope of the patent application, the main liquid is 100 wt%, the hardener is 100 wt%, and each add 0. 05 to 2 · Owt% colorant. The insulator is colored, which can be changed from UV to protect the inside of the arrester. Here, the effect of the colorant cannot be obtained when the colorant is less than 0.5 Wt%, and the weather resistance is deteriorated when the colorant is more than 2.0 Wt%. The manufacturing method of the lightning arrester described in item 15 of the scope of the patent application is characterized in that one or a plurality of non-linear resistors with zinc oxide as a main component are laminated in series, and the two ends of the conductive conductive terminal electrodes constitute an interior. The element is covered with an insulating woven cloth which is impregnated with an insulating resin that is hardened by heating. The inner element is then integrated into a metal mold, and the integrated internal element is placed in a metal mold to mix the main liquid and the hardener. The polymer resin of the colorant is injected into the above metal mold from an injection molding machine, and is hardened in the metal mold to form an insulator. In the manufacturing method of the lightning arrester described in item 16 of the scope of application for patent, the injection molding machine described in item 15 of the scope of application for the patent, the materials are stored in the material tank containing the main liquid, the hardener, and the colorant, It is characterized by mixing in a tubular mixing container provided with a plurality of mixing rotating blades inside, and then injecting it into a metal mold. In the manufacturing method of the lightning arrester described in item 17 of the scope of patent application, the paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) — (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page), 11 # -Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -11-493184 A7 B7___ 5. Description of the invention (9) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) to impregnate the insulating resin hardened by heating The insulating woven fabric covering the internal components described in item 15 of the patent application scope becomes an integrated whole, which is a feature that basically treats the surface in advance before molding the polymer resin. In the manufacturing method of the arrester described in item 18 of the scope of patent application, the polymer resin injected into the metal mold described in item 15 of the scope of patent application is a ratio of the main liquid to the hardener of 1: 0 · 9 to 1: 1.1 are those who are characteristic. In the manufacturing method of the arrester described in the scope of the patent application No. 19, the polymer resin injected into the metal mold described in the scope of the patent application No. 15 is 100 wt% for the main liquid, and the hardener is 0.05 to 2.0 wt% of each colorant is added to 100 wt%, and its characteristic is 0 (the embodiment of the invention) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (First embodiment) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The first diagram is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the lightning arrester of the present invention. As shown in this first diagram, a non-linear resistor with zinc oxide as the main component 1 ′ is a plurality of non-linear resistors 1 laminated with a conductive adhesive through a conductive adhesive to form a laminated body, and the two ends of the laminated body are electrically connected to the terminal electrodes 2 接合 to form an internal element. 3. Insulating woven cloth impregnated with insulating resin hardened by heating. This paper is sized according to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (21 × X 297 mm) -12- 493184 A7 _B7 V. Description of the invention (1C) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 4 Cover the internal component 3, and sandwich the upper and lower ends of the insulating woven fabric 4 between the step 5 formed on the terminal electrode 2 and the pressing fixture 6 is fixed to be integrated with each other, and a polymer resin 俾 is molded into the integrated internal element 3 to form an insulator 7. The non-linear resistor body 1 is a zinc oxide sintered body having non-linear resistance characteristics. It is suitable to laminate these into a laminated body by a plurality of conductive bonding as described above, or in the conductive bonding of zinc oxide sintered bodies to each other. To increase the bonding strength, a conductive metal electrode is inserted between the zinc oxide sintered body and the zinc oxide sintered body, and these are laminated as a laminated body by conductive bonding. In this embodiment, the non-linear resistor 1 is laminated by conducting a plurality of conductive bonds. However, the non-linear resistor 1 is not limited to this and may be constituted by one non-linear resistor. The insulating woven fabric 4 covering the internal components 3 printed by the consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is composed of longitudinal and transverse yarns such as glass fiber, aromatic polyamide fiber, alumina fiber, polyester fiber, etc. Insulating cloth is impregnated with thermosetting resin of insulating resin such as epoxy resin, phenol resin, polyester resin. As the shape of the insulating woven fabric 4, generally a sheet-like one, but the lightning arrester of this embodiment is a single yarn or twisted yarn of an insulating type, and its weaving method is continuous endlessly in the circumferential direction. The shape is cylindrical. The single yarn or twisted yarn constituting the insulating woven fabric 4 has an angle of 30 to 160 from two different directions, and the interval is set to 0.5 to 5 mm. A spiral portion 8 is engraved on the upper portion of the stepped portion 5 of the terminal electrode 2, and a pressing fixture, such as a washer or a nut, is screwed into the spiral portion 8, and the pressing fixture 6 is used to lock and fix the insulation. The upper and lower ends of the woven fabric 4. In addition, the size of this paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -13- 493184 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (11) An arc is formed in the step 5 Department 9. The polymer resin forming the insulator 7 includes, for example, a silicone resin containing dimethylpolysiloxane as a main component, and contains 0.5 to 40% of a material composed of at least one of S 1 02 and T 102. Fillings. Silicone resins can also be used as catalysts containing 1 to 50 PP PPit, Fe, Ni, Ca, Mn, Na, K, and Mg. The polymer resin-based rubber has a hardness in the range of 30 to 60, a low molecular weight of 2000 to 8000, and tracking resistance set to 3 · 5 to 5 · 5 kv 〇 or less. effect. Since the internal components 3 of the arrester are covered and integrated with the insulating woven fabric 4, the assembly is simplified and the operation is easy. In addition, the insulating woven fabric 4 is used to fix the internal components 3 instead of the insulating rod, the insulating nut and the spring. Therefore, the number of parts can be reduced, and the internal component 3 having a stable structure can be obtained. At the same time, the internal component 3 with small deviations in characteristics can be easily obtained. That is, since a plurality of non-linear resistors 1 having zinc oxide as a main component are laminated and integrated with the terminal electrode 2 with an insulating woven fabric 4, the polymer resin is once molded to form an insulator. 7. Therefore, it is not necessary to fix these parts, and miniaturization can be achieved. In case of non-linear resistor 1 causing penetrating damage due to the action of responsibility, and even if the internal pressure rises due to the occurrence of an arc, the surrounding area is covered with an insulating woven fabric 4, which can prevent the arrester from exploding explosively. Flying away. Furthermore, since the non-linear resistor 1 is joined, partial discharge does not occur, and deterioration of the polymer resin insulator 7 can be suppressed. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ----------- installation -------- order --------- line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -14-493184 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ((Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) and then join the upper and lower ends of the non-linear resistor 1 The terminal electrode 2 is formed with a stepped portion 5, and an end portion of the insulating woven fabric 4 covering the internal element 3 is sandwiched between the stepped portion 5 and the pressing fixing member 6, and is locked by the pressing fixing member 6. It is tightly fixed, and an axial pushing force is applied to the internal element 3. Therefore, the non-linear resistor body 1 is penetrating and broken by the action of the over-response of the lightning arrester which rarely occurs, and even if the gas causes the When the pressure rises, the gas is also blown out radially from a part of the polymer resin that is part of the mesh of the insulating woven fabric 4, and the insulator 7 made of the polymer resin is only partially damaged, which can prevent explosive scattering. The woven fabric 4 is impregnated with epoxy resin in an insulating cloth composed of a longitudinal yarn and a transverse yarn such as glass fiber. Insulating thermosetting resins such as grease or polyester resin, therefore, it is easy to manufacture and is also good in terms of cost. Since the insulating woven fabric 4 is formed cylindrically, only a plurality of non-linear lines are inserted in order. The resistor body 1 and the terminal electrode 2 are all right, so the assembly operation is simplified, which improves the manufacturability. It is printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, and both ends of the tubular insulating woven fabric 4 are disposed. The stepped portion 5 formed on the terminal electrode 2 is folded to press the fixing member 6. That is, a spiral portion 8 is engraved on the upper portion of the stepped portion 5 of the terminal electrode 2 to press the fixing member 6 to lock and fix the insulation. The end portion of the woven fabric 4. The arcuate portion 9 is formed in the stepped portion 5 to facilitate the operation when the insulating woven fabric 4 is wound, and the joint shape is also good. In the case of a sheet-shaped insulating woven fabric Similarly, after the internal element 3 is wound 2 or 3 times, the non-linear resistor 1 and the terminal electrode 2 and the insulating woven fabric are integrated together by fixing the end portion of the insulating woven fabric. This paper is applicable to this paper. China National Standard (CNS) A4 Grid (210X297 mm) -15- 493184 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (13), can give axial thrust. The single or twisted yarn constituting the insulating woven fabric 4 will come from different directions. As the angle is 30 to 160 °, sufficient strength can be obtained. The angle is preferably 60 °. If it is less than 30 ° or more than 160 °, then the fiber will slide, and sufficient strength cannot be obtained. The interval between yarns or twisted yarns is 0.5 to 5 mm, and good pressure release characteristics and sufficient strength can be obtained. If the interval exceeds 5 mm, sufficient strength cannot be obtained, and the gas generated below 0.5 mm cannot escape. , Can't get improvement effect. The insulating woven fabric 4 is a plurality of non-linear resistors 1 which are stacked in series, and are located near the upper and lower peripheral edges of the plurality of non-linear resistors 1. The openings for pressure relief, the folded portions of the insulating woven fabric 4, and the insulating woven fabric 4 are provided. The notched part makes the weaving of the fiber into a thicker part, and a part that is weaker for pressure release, such as a part with less insulating resin than other parts. When an arc occurs due to excessive responsibility, a short-circuit current flows in the non-linear resistor. 1. At the interface of the insulating woven fabric 4 or the insulator 7, the arc is connected to the upper and lower terminal electrodes through the opening or the weak point of the insulating woven fabric 4, and the gas generated inside is released in the upward and downward directions. As a result, even if an excessive current flows, the non-linear resistor body 1 can be left inside the insulating woven fabric 4 and explosive scattering can be prevented. The polymer resin insulator 7 can maintain the elasticity as a polymer resin by improving the weather resistance by containing 0.5 to 40% of the filler. The content ratio is preferably 20 to 38%. If it is less than 0.5%, it takes 24 hours to restore the drainage performance of the polymer resin insulator 7 without improving the weather resistance. If it exceeds 40, % Will damage the polymer resin (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Cooperative printed 493184 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (14) Elasticity of insulators. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page.) Polymer resin insulators 7 contain 1 to 50 ppm pt, Fe, Ni, Ca, Mn, Na, K, and M g by writing, which can be kept as polymerization Resin's elasticity and can improve weather resistance. The content ratio is preferably 5 to 30 ppm. If it is less than 1 ppm, it takes 20 hours to restore the drainage performance of the polymer resin insulator 7 and the weather resistance cannot be improved. If it exceeds 50 p p m, the elasticity of the polymer resin insulator 7 is impaired. In addition, since the polymer resin has a rubber hardness of 30 to 60, the sanding resistance can be improved. If the rubber hardness is less than 30, it is difficult to maintain the shape of the insulator, and if the rubber hardness exceeds 60, it is easy to be damaged. Since the molecular weight of the polymer resin is a low molecular weight of 2000 to 8000, good short-circuit characteristics and weather resistance can be obtained. Here, when the molecular weight of the polymer resin is less than 2,000 or exceeds 8,000, both of good short-circuit characteristics and weather resistance cannot be obtained. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The tracking resistance of the polymer resin is 3.5 to 5.5 kV, which can obtain good short-circuit characteristics and weather resistance. Here, if the tracking resistance is less than 3.5 kV, it is found that in the weather resistance test, the leakage current on the surface of the pleated portion of the insulator is increased, and there is a problem in the life characteristics. When the tracking resistance exceeds 5 · 5 kv, a corona discharge is confirmed during the weather resistance test. Since the ratio of the main liquid to the hardener is from 1: 0 · 9 to 1: 1.1, the mixing conditions become good. The ratio is preferably 1.1, and if it exceeds the range of 1: 0 · 9 to 1: 1 · 1, it is not possible to obtain a more ideal mixing condition. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -17- 493184 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (below θ, this implementation will be explained based on Figures 2 (A) to 2 (C) The manufacturing method of the lightning arrester in the form. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page.) Firstly, as shown in Figure 2 (A), a conductive adhesive is used to conduct a conductive connection to build up a series of multiple layers with zinc oxide as the main component. The non-linear resistor 1 is composed of the components, and the terminal electrodes 2 are conductively bonded to the upper and lower ends with a conductive adhesive to form the internal element 3. Then, as shown in FIG. The insulating woven fabric 4 of the insulating resin hardened by heating is integrated to cover the periphery of the internal element 3. Then, the integrated internal element 3 is arranged as shown in FIG. Into the mold cavity 10 of the shape cavity, a polymer resin mixed with a main liquid, a hardener, and a colorant is injected from the injection molding machine 11 into the metal mold 10 from its injection port 10 a, and in the metal mold 10 Internal hardening method to form insulator 7 Lightning arrester of the form. The injection molding machine 1 printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is a main liquid tank 1 2 containing a main agent, a hardener, and a colorant, a hardener tank 1 3, and a colorant tank 1 4 The chestnut 15 is supplied to the tubular mixing container 16 under pressure, and the tubular mixing container 16 is mixed with the main liquid, the hardener, and the colorant, and then injected into the mold 10. The tubular mixing container 16 As shown in Fig. 3, a plurality of mixing rotors 17 are not provided inside. The excess polymer resin injected into the mold 10 is attracted by a suction means such as a vacuum pump from the discharge port 10b. Cloth 4 covers to become an integrated one. Before molding polymer resin, it is better to basically treat the surface in advance. As a result, it becomes the Chinese standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) for this paper size. -18- Printed by the Employees' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 493184 A7-B7 V. Description of the invention (16) Polymer resin is easy to join the integrated product. In addition, polymer resin, pt, etc. are contained in the main liquid tank 12 And hardeners such as SiO2, TIO2, etc. A polymer resin, RS i X (R: methyl, etc., X: methoxy, etc.) hardener is contained in the hardener tank 13 The polymer resin injected into the metal mold 10 has a ratio of the main liquid to the hardener of 1: 0 · 9 to 1: 1 · 1, and the main liquid is 100 wt% and the hardener is 1 〇 〇wt%, each added 0.05 to 2.0 wt% colorants, colorants using any of dimethyl silicon, titanium, carbon as the main component. As described above, according to the manufacturing method of the lightning arrester of this embodiment, the terminal elements 2 are conductively bonded to both ends of the laminated non-linear resistor 1 to form the internal element 3 so as to impregnate the insulating properties of the insulating resin which is hardened by heating. After the woven fabric 4 covers the periphery of the internal element 3 and becomes integrated, the integrated internal element 3 is placed in a metal mold, and a polymer resin mixed with a main liquid, a hardener, and a colorant is injected from the injection molding machine 11 Into the metal mold 10, since the metal mold 10 is hardened and formed into an insulator 7, the manufacturing efficiency can be improved, and a high-quality arrester can be manufactured. According to the manufacturing method of the lightning arrester according to this embodiment, the main liquid is 100% by weight, the hardener is 100% by weight, and 0.05 to 2.0 wt% of each colorant is added, and the insulator is colored to protect the inside of the arrester from ultraviolet rays. Here, if the colorant is less than 0.5 wt%, the effect as a colorant cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 2.0 wt%, the weather resistance tends to deteriorate. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -----------, · -installation -------- order ------- -线 # (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -19- 493184 A7 --- B7 V. Description of the invention (17) The following describes specific examples of this embodiment. (First embodiment) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Three non-linear resistors 1 with zinc oxide as the main component through a low melting point metal laminate with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 30 mm. 1 , And two bottle-shaped electrodes 2 in the shape of engraved with a spiral square opening β 8 are used to join the non-linear resistor 1 and the terminal electrode 2 by heating. Thereafter, a glass fiber was used as a twisted yarn having a diameter of about 0.5 mm in advance, and a seamless tubular woven fabric was produced in the circumferential direction. The angle made by twisting the yarn is 60. The gap is 3 mm. The woven fabric is impregnated with epoxy resin, cut to a predetermined length, and the non-linear resistor 1 is inserted. The end of the insulating woven fabric 4 is pushed against the terminal surface, and is fixed by pressing the nut of the fixing member 6. One of the non-linear resistors 1 was heated at 160 ° C for one hour to fix the epoxy resin of the insulating resin. After the basic treatment is performed, a metal mold 10 formed with a cavity having a 笠 shape is set, and the main liquid of the polymer resin is supplied by an injection molding machine 11 and the hardener becomes 1: 1. The employee consumer cooperative prints the air bubbles and mixes them through a tubular mixing container 16 having a plurality of mixing rotors i 7 inside, and injects them from the injection port 10 a to the mold 10. It was then heated at 160 ° C for two hours to harden the polymer resin to obtain a lightning arrester. Here, the excess polymer resin injected into the mold 10 is attracted from the discharge port 10. In this embodiment, as the polymer resin, a silicone resin containing dimethylpolysiloxane as a main component is used. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -20- Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 493184 A7 B7___ 5. Description of the invention (18) For the lightning arrester so produced, Lightning arrester international specifications (IEC 6 0-9-9 4 (19 9 '9)) for short-circuit test. The test is to apply a short-circuit current of 1.1 times the voltage of the arrester's operating start voltage for 5 to 10 minutes. In the test, even if the short-circuit current of 3 4KA flows, it will not explode explosively, nor will it fly away the non-linear resistor body 1. It has good results. The arrester of this embodiment is a 5 KA grade, the specification is 5 KA, but In this embodiment, it is confirmed that it can be applied at a level higher than this. In the lightning arrester of this embodiment, the non-linear resistor 1 is joined, the insulating resin is hardened, the insulating woven fabric 4 is integrated, and the polymer is polymerized. It is possible to provide a lightning arrester which is small in size and excellent in pressure-relief characteristics when the resin is molded at once. In the lightning arrester of this embodiment, the angle of the twisted yarn constituting the insulating woven fabric 4 is set. 60, but it is also confirmed that good results can be obtained from 30 ° to 160 °. If it is less than 30 °, or exceeds 160 °, the fiber will slip, and sufficient strength cannot be obtained. In the lightning arrester of the embodiment, the interval between the twisted yarns is 3 mm, but a good pressure release characteristic can be obtained in the same manner as 0.5 to 5 mm. Also in this embodiment, the twisted yarn with a diameter of 0.5 mm, but It is not limited to this, and it is confirmed that the same effect is obtained in a single yarn. Also, since the non-linear resistor 1 and the terminal electrode 2 are directly joined, in this embodiment, a partial discharge does not occur, and the deterioration of the polymer resin cannot be confirmed. A good lightning arrester can be obtained. Also in this embodiment, dimethyl polysiloxane is used as the main component. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297). ----------- Installation -------- Order --------- line (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 493184 Employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by Consumer Cooperative A7 B7 V. Description of invention (19) The ketone resin 'but replacing methyl is being changed to Other alkyl resins based on other alkyl or phenol groups also make the same lightning arresters, and confirm that the same effect can be obtained. When the main material and hardener of the sand resin are 1: 1, the mixing conditions are best. It is confirmed that the same effect can be obtained for the main material in the range of 90% to 100%. Also for the ketone material, it is confirmed that the same result can be obtained even when the coloring agent is added below 2%. Second Embodiment) In this second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment described above, the non-linear resistor 1 and the terminal electronic circuit 2 are joined, and a tubular fiber cloth is made in advance in the same manner as glass fiber. The interval of twisted yarn is used as the dense weaver on the virtual surface. The fiber cloth was impregnated with epoxy resin, cut to a predetermined length, and the non-linear resistor 1 was inserted. An opening having a diameter of 2 m is formed near the peripheral edge portion of the uppermost and lower surfaces of the joined non-linear resistor 1. Hereinafter, a lightning arrester is obtained in the same manner as in the first embodiment. As for the lightning arrester fabricated in this way, the short-circuit test results were the same as in the first embodiment. Even at a short-circuit current of 38 K V A, there was no explosive scattering, and the non-linear resistor body 1 did not fly. This has a good result. In this embodiment, even if the mesh of the insulating woven fabric is densely woven, since upper and lower ends of the multilayer body of the non-linear resistor body 1 are provided with openings, a short-circuit current flows in Linear resistor 1 This paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ---------: 丨 1 ·· Assembly -------- Order --- ------ Line «(Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) -22- 493184 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (20), Insulating Weaving 4 Or at the interface of the insulator 7, the arc is connected to the upper and lower terminal electrodes 2 1 through the opening of the insulating woven fabric 4, and at the same time, the gas generated in the interior escapes upward and downward. As a result, it can be considered that even if a large current flows, the non-linear resistor 1 can be kept inside the insulating woven fabric 4, and explosive scattering can be prevented. In addition, instead of the above-mentioned openings, it is confirmed that the same characteristics can be obtained even if a folded portion, a cutout portion is formed, a glass fiber weave is made rough, and an insulating resin is formed into a weak portion that is smaller than other portions. (Third Embodiment) In this third embodiment, as in the first embodiment described above, the non-linear resistor 1 and the terminal electrode 2 are joined, and after the insulating woven fabric 4 is integrated, basic processing is performed. A silicone resin was added and mixed in advance as a mixture of 40% Sio2, and a lightning arrester was produced in the same manner as in the first embodiment. As for the lightning arrester produced in this way, the short-circuit test results were the same as in the first embodiment. Even at a short-circuit current of 3 3 K V, it did not explode explosively, and the non-linear resistor body 1 did not fly. In this example, it can be seen that the weather resistance is improved. That is, the test was performed after applying the application voltage for 1,000 hours in a salt water spray, and distilled water was dripped onto the polymer 笠 of the insulator 7 to measure the contact angle, and the recovery time until the initial 値 was evaluated to evaluate the drainage. In this example, the recovery time was two hours. When the measurement was performed in the same manner as in the first example for comparison, the recovery time was 24 hours or more. It was confirmed that the weather resistance was improved in this example. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ---------: 丨 installed -------- order --------- line · (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) -23- Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 493184 A7 __ B7 V. Description of the invention (21) In addition, 40% Ti is added instead of S 102 〇2 confirmed the same effect. The addition of S i02 or T i02 in excess of 40% will impair the properties of the rubber as a polymer and reduce the strength, so the improvement effect cannot be obtained. In addition, p t 50 ppm was added to the silicone resin in advance, and a lightning arrester was produced in the same manner. A short-circuit test was performed on the lightning arrester fabricated in this way, and the same good results were obtained at a short-circuit current of 3 8 K A. 'Also, in the weather resistance test, the recovery time was two hours, which was a good result. Instead of p t, add 50ppm Fe to the silicone resin,
Ni ，Ca ，Mn，Na ，K，Mg來製作避雷器，經同 樣評價，在短路測試，耐候性測試也確認可得到同樣之良 好結果。添加量超過5 0 p pm，由於損及作爲聚合物之 橡膠之特性而降低強度，無法得到改善之效果。 (第四實施例） 在該第四實施例中，與上述第一實施例同樣地，接合 非直線電阻體1與端子電極2，在絕緣性織布4成爲一體 化之後，進行基本處理，事先調整矽酮樹脂之聚合度，將 3 5 0 〇者作爲聚合物材料。以下，與第一實施例同樣地 ，製作避雷器。 對於如此地所製作之避雷器，與第一實施例同樣地進 行短路測試之結果，在短路電流4 0 K A，也不會爆炸性 地飛散，非直線電阻體也不會飛散，具有良好之結果。又 ，在本實施例中，可短耐候性被改善。亦即，測係係在鹽 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -----------裝--------訂-------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 493184 A7 __________ B7 五、發明說明（22) 水噴霧中施加使用電壓1 0 0 0小時之後，將蒸餾水滴下 至絕緣子7之聚合物笠上，測定其接觸角度，比較一直到 初期値之恢復時間，來評價排水性。在本實施例中，恢復 時間爲0 · 5小時，確認耐候性更被改善。又，將矽酮樹 月旨之聚合度從2 0 0 0變成8 0 0 0，調整矽酮樹脂，同 樣地製作避雷器加以評價，可確認同樣地得到良好之短路 特性及耐候性。 (第五實施例） 在該第五實施例中，與上述第一實施例同樣地，經由 一直到注入矽酮樹脂之過程，調整矽之加熱溫度與加熱時 間，將矽酮橡膠硬度作爲3 0至6 0，製作避雷器。 對於如此地所製作之避雷器，與上述第一實施例同樣 地進行短路測試之結果，在短路電流3 6 K A，也不會爆 炸性地飛散，非直線電阻體也不會飛散，具有良好之結果 。又在耐候性測試中，恢復時間係1 · 5小時，具有良好 之結果。又在本實施例中，可知改善耐砂塵特性。亦即， 在WA # 240進行爆炸測試，在橡膠硬度爲60以 下，對於藉著該彈性使粒子被彈出，若超過橡膠硬度6 0 時，受到粒子衝多而受到損傷、又，不足橡膠硬度3 0， 無法維持笠形狀，不適合作爲避雷器。 (第六實施例） 在該第六實施例中，與上述第一實施例同樣地，經由 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝--------訂-------丨·線一 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 •Ί 493184 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ 注入矽酮樹脂爲止之過程，調整矽之加熱溫度與加熱時間 ，將矽酮樹脂之耐跟踪特性作爲3 · 5 K V以上來製作避 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 雷器。 對於如此地所製作之避雷器，與第一實施例同樣地進 行短路測試之結果，在短路電流3 6 K A，也不會爆炸性 地飛散，非直線電阻體也不會飛散，具有良好之結果。又 在耐候性測試中，恢復時間爲1 . 5小時，具有良好之耐 候性。 (發明之效果） 如上所述地，依照本發明之避雷器，由於以浸透藉著 加熱使之硬化之絕緣性樹脂之絕緣性織布覆蓋內部元件成 爲一體化，在該一體化之內部元件藉著模塑成形聚合物樹 脂來形成絕緣子。由於裝配時刪減零件數，因此成爲容易 作業，可避免裝配後之輸送，安裝時等之內部元件脫落等 之不確定要件。又在過責任之動作，也能防止避雷器之爆 炸性之飛散，可提供一種安全性及耐候性優異之避雷器。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 又依照本發明之避雷器之製造方法，由於在積層之非 直線電阻體之兩端部導電接合端子電極來構成內部元件， 以浸透藉著加熱使之硬化之絕緣性樹脂之絕緣性織布覆蓋 該內部元件之周圍成爲一體化之後，將該一體化之內部元 件配置在金屬模內，並將混合主液，硬化劑，著色劑之聚 合物樹脂注射成形機注入至金屬模內，在該金屬模內硬化 來形成絕緣子，因此可提高製造效率，可製造高品質之避 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -26- 493184 A7 B7 五、發明說明（24 ) 雷器。 (圖式之簡單說明） 第1圖係表示本發明之避雷器之一實施形態的剖面圖 〇 第2(A)、 （B)、 （C)圖係表示本發明的避雷 器之製造方法之一實施形態之製造順序的說明圖。 第3圖係表示第2 (C)圖之管狀混合容器的剖面圖 (記號之說明） 1 :非直線電阻體，2 :端子電極，3 :內部元件， 4 :絕緣性織布，5 :段差部，6 :推壓固定件，7 :絕 緣子，8 :螺旋部，9 :圓弧部，10 ··金屬模，l〇a :注入口 ’ 1 0 b :排出口 ’ 1 1 :注射成形機’ 1 2 : 主液槽，1 3 :硬化劑槽，1 4 :著色劑槽，1 5 :壓送 泵，1 6 ··管狀混合容器，1 7 ··混合用旋轉翼。 -----------裝--------訂---------線i (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -27-Ni, Ca, Mn, Na, K, and Mg were used to make the arrester. After the same evaluation, it was confirmed that the same good results were obtained in the short-circuit test and weather resistance test. If the amount exceeds 50 p pm, the strength is lowered due to the deterioration of the characteristics of the rubber as a polymer, and the improvement effect cannot be obtained. (Fourth Embodiment) In this fourth embodiment, as in the first embodiment described above, the non-linear resistor 1 and the terminal electrode 2 are joined, and after the insulating woven fabric 4 is integrated, basic processing is performed. The polymerization degree of the silicone resin is adjusted, and 3,500 is used as the polymer material. Hereinafter, a lightning arrester is produced in the same manner as in the first embodiment. As for the lightning arrester manufactured in this way, the short-circuit test results were the same as in the first embodiment. The short-circuit current of 40 K A did not explode explosively, and the non-linear resistors did not fly. This has good results. In this embodiment, the short weather resistance can be improved. That is, the test system is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) at the scale of the salt paper. ----------- Installation -------- Order-- ------ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 493184 A7 __________ B7 V. Description of the invention (22) After applying the application voltage for 100 hours in water spray, drip the distilled water to the insulator 7 The contact angle of the polymer was measured, and the recovery time until the initial period was compared to evaluate the drainage. In this example, the recovery time was 0.5 hours, and it was confirmed that the weather resistance was further improved. In addition, the degree of polymerization of the silicone tree was changed from 2000 to 8000, and the silicone resin was adjusted to make a lightning arrester and evaluated in the same manner. It was confirmed that good short-circuit characteristics and weather resistance were obtained in the same manner. (Fifth Embodiment) In the fifth embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment described above, the heating temperature and heating time of silicon are adjusted through the process until the silicone resin is injected, and the hardness of the silicone rubber is set to 3 0. To 60, make a lightning arrester. As for the lightning arrester fabricated in this way, the short-circuit test results were the same as in the first embodiment. The short-circuit current of 36 K A did not explode explosively, and the non-linear resistors did not fly. This has good results. In the weather resistance test, the recovery time was 1.5 hours with good results. Also in this example, it is known that the sand and dust resistance characteristics are improved. That is, the explosion test was performed in WA # 240. When the rubber hardness is 60 or less, if the particles are ejected by the elasticity, if the rubber hardness exceeds 60, the particles will be damaged by the impact of the particles, and the rubber hardness will be less than 3 0, can not maintain the shape of 笠, is not suitable as a lightning arrester. (Sixth Embodiment) In this sixth embodiment, similar to the first embodiment described above, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) is applied via this paper size (please read the note on the back first) Please fill in this page again for matters) --------- Order ------- 丨 丨 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs • Ί 493184 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (injected silicon For the process up to the ketone resin, adjust the heating temperature and heating time of the silicon, and use the tracking resistance of the silicone resin as 3 · 5 KV or more to make avoidance (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). The lightning arrester made on the ground has the same short circuit test results as the first embodiment. Even at a short circuit current of 36 KA, it will not explode explosively, and non-linear resistors will not fly. It has good results. In the property test, the recovery time is 1.5 hours, and it has good weather resistance. (Effect of the Invention) As described above, the lightning arrester according to the present invention has the insulating property of the insulating resin hardened by being impregnated by heating. Woven cover The internal components are integrated, and the integrated internal components are formed by molding the polymer resin to form an insulator. Since the number of parts is reduced during assembly, it becomes easy to operate, and it can avoid the transportation after assembly and the internal parts during installation. Uncertain requirements for component fall-off, etc. It can also prevent the explosive scattering of the arrester through actions of responsibility, and can provide a lightning arrester with excellent safety and weather resistance. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and according to the present invention The manufacturing method of the lightning arrester is that the internal elements are constituted by conductively bonding terminal electrodes at both ends of the laminated non-linear resistor, and the surrounding of the internal elements is covered with an insulating woven fabric impregnated with an insulating resin that is hardened by heating. After integration, the integrated internal components are placed in a metal mold, and a polymer resin injection molding machine that mixes the main liquid, hardener, and colorant is injected into the metal mold, and is hardened in the metal mold to form Insulators, which can improve manufacturing efficiency, can produce high quality National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -26- 493184 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (24) Lightning arrester (Simplified description of the drawing) Figure 1 is a cross-section showing one embodiment of the lightning arrester of the present invention Figures 2 (A), (B), and (C) are explanatory diagrams showing the manufacturing sequence of one embodiment of the manufacturing method of the arrester of the present invention. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the tubular mixture of Figure 2 (C) Sectional view of the container (description of symbols) 1: Non-linear resistor, 2: Terminal electrode, 3: Internal component, 4: Insulating woven fabric, 5: Stepped portion, 6: Pressing fixture, 7: Insulator, 8 : Spiral part, 9: Arc part, 10 ·· Mold, 10a: Injection port '1 0 b: Discharge port' 1 1: Injection molding machine '1 2: Main liquid tank, 1 3: Hardener tank , 1 4: colorant tank, 15: pressure feed pump, 1 6 ·· tubular mixing container, 1 ··· rotating blade for mixing. ----------- install -------- order --------- line i (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The paper size printed by the employee consumer cooperative is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -27-