TW480843B - Radio transmitter architecture - Google Patents

Abstract

The transmitter circuit architecture is disclosed based on a phase lock loop architecture and which uses a delta-sigma modulator with 2 point modulation. In order to restrict the bandwidth of the PLL, subsidiary analogue modulation is employed, which requires aligning with the delta-sigma modulation. Alignment of the modulation is accomplished by correction of the sensitivity of the PLL voltage controlled oscillator to modulation by correlating residual modulation in the PLL whit the modulated signal input. The action of the modulation correlator trims the modulation and the PLL bandwidth without disturbing the normal operation of the transmitter, and allows the use of modulation bandwidths greater than the PLL bandwidth.

Description

480843 V. Description of the invention (1) ———————————— ^ month, related to the transmitter frame for wireless telecommunications (te 1 ec〇mmunicati 〇η) ^ 'especially Transmitter architecture suitable for mobile transmitters that can use both constant (constant) and non-enveloped (enveiope) modulation (m〇dUUtl〇n) schemes0

_There is a trend in the subscription communications market, that is, the manufacture of communication devices ^ and], and / or lower costs, and this device has the ability to perform multi-mode operation 'fixed and non-fixed envelope adjustment Change way. This device is easier to integrate more transceiver components (jpart) 'with Shixi materials, and it is better to include multiple different voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) in the integrated circuit. However, the integration of the oscillator in silicon may lead to increased tolerance for uncertainty in the control voltage sensitivity, and this sensitivity is difficult to measure in integrated oscillators. So it is possible to overcome this problem by using an oscillator with variable control voltage gain. However, strictly speaking, this variable voltage controlled oscillator is only used to coordinate the performance of the synthesiser. . ! The multi-mode operation described above can support both fixed and non-fixed I-radiation envelope modulation. Represent all in a complex plot |

Modulation mode, wherein the constellation diagram represents the instantaneous | amplitude and phase of the carrier of the modulation vector. Applying a fixed encapsulation method, all points in the figure are equidistant from the center I point. However, the application of a non-fixed encapsulation modulation system will bring its performance closer to the center of the figure. The phase of this modulation signal can be represented by the angle from the modulation vector to the center of the graph. The rate of change of this angle represents the resulting

Page 4 V. Description of the invention (2) — .............. -------------- ------------ To the phase modulation signal, .. ^; The application of the modulation vector of the proximity center sighs the rate of sighing and therefore the bandwidth of the modulation increases, exceeding the increase in the fixed encapsulation method. 'Most digital radio communication devices use a fixed vibration wheel phase modulation method, such as the Gaussian minimum shift key (hereinafter referred to as Θ M s κ), and the frequency modulation method 丨• The Senanz frequency shift key (G auss a frequency shift keying), (hereinafter referred to as GFSK). In terms of transmitter requirements, | GFSK is not necessarily a standard project owner, so it may be possible to use a simple | j frame, (for example, a single-loop PLL synthesis of a transmitter oscillator in free execution mode during transmission; l 〇). However, on the contrary, a radio communication system using a phase modulation method (such as GMSK) is more in line with the requirements of the transmission architecture, so it is not suitable for using a simple GFSK transmission architecture. /,

In order to provide an appropriate GMSK transceiver, the initial transmission architecture used for the GMSK modulation method includes the modulation of I F after upconversion. This requires a large and missing filter placed behind the transmitter to protect the R X band to prevent spurious interference at the output of the transmitter. The next generation of fixed-encapsulated radio communication devices is based on the phase modulation of the phase locked loop (phase locked loop), as shown in the conventional technique of Fig. 1, and will be described later. Figure 1 shows the up-conversion loop modulator proposed in U.S. Patent No. 5 5 1 1 2 3 6 and this architecture is now widely used in industry. The following formula 480843 V. Explanation of the invention (3) Determine the TX output frequency: TXout = F1 ο 1 + F 1 〇 2 where Nr is the division ratio of the reference divider (3), and N 1 is The division ratio of the IF frequency divider (丄 3). A phase detector (4) determines that the outputs 3 and 丄 3 of the frequency divider are maintained at the same frequency. The first (L 0 丄 (9) and the first (L 0 2 (1)) local oscillator signals are synthesized from the reference quartz. The stage adjuster (2) is used to perform stage translating of Lol to drive Digital logic. L ο 1. (9) is not in the output frequency of the transmitter, and therefore does not feel the pull A pull effect (Pulling effect), and traditionally uses a synthesizer with a low BW large split ratio in the conventional technology, Base: charge 1 to determine the output frequency. Among the feedback loop (feedback 100p): analog 1 Q modulator '(1 2) for modulation. Then, decrease by: 丨 :: The wave form (8) generates the 1 F. After modulation, 豸 IF is dividing. Jun enters the phase detector. The phase detector controls the TX L0 (7) via the loop to determine the motion of the loop. State effect: The TXL · 〇 is used to generate the transmission signal, and then this power amplifier and antenna are used. The F 遽 wave filter (丄 〇) removes the mixed products of spurious), and the post-modulation filter modulator The wrong signal is removed from the output. ) It is necessary to have enough PL·L · bandwidth to transmit the imported modulation to the TX oscillator at (丄 2). (7) Spinning: Distortion :: Many analog stages, each stage changes The certainty of the second route declined. The response to the PL L will result in additional legislative 480843 V. Invention Description (4) Drop. The net result is the result of the analog component (commponent) with a manufacturing tolerance (tolerance), resulting in a high residual phase error (residual phase error). The p l L is a negative feedback loop with an open loop response, which is determined by the following formula

Hol (s) = Kpd · LF (s) (Kvco / s) (1 / N1) where K pd is the gain of the phase detector, and κ vc 〇 is the gain of the vc〇 control signal. In the following K vc 〇 accepts the actual Distribution on production. Large design margins are allowed to determine compliance with lock time and noise target. This configuration acts as one: = effective filter for transmission components in the frequency band, but has the disadvantage of Tian Xi. Some of these disadvantages will be explained as follows: making ^ increase the modulation error of the part due to multiple analog components for the error; the use of multiple voltage-controlled oscillators increases the cost of materials, and F) (screening) and frequency planning problems; e) using a synthesizer with a low reference comparison frequency will increase the switching time d) restricting the architecture to a fixed encapsulation method;; frequency operation must be carefully planned for frequency; and

Msk wear Jin: "Speaking of multiple K devices will increase complexity."

M S K uses the existing G 中 in a non-fixed amplitude envelope modulation method. One of this type of method is to convert the baseband

Page 7 V. Description of the invention (5)) Modulation is decomposed into vibration amplitude and phase components. The architecture is modulated to provide a phase component. In a fixed / unfixed encapsulation system, you can make :: As described above, 'if the frequency up loop is used in a multi-mode frequency divider, the increased modulation bandwidth will be used in the multi-mode frequency loop architecture. p must be added to the PLL more strictly ^ As shown in Figure 1, use-the original mixer direct upconversion structure, j modulation bandwidth p L · L · mechanism. One — The selection of this type is double. In order to make the entire modulation transmission function widely available. In this example, the modulation frequency is not used; it is subject to ^ ^ to make wide-band modulation. Shown in Figure 2 is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 shows the structure in the United States = Please refer to Figure =; Mixer; and 4) Output modulation, and fine two F Μ surface filter (μ d; Do n’t do it. Modulation signal 5) refers to the use of this fixed encapsulation method to fix the encapsulation modulator in a dual-mode fixed encapsulation method. However, in the GMSK architecture, the encapsulation modulation method is used. Needed. As shown in Figure 1, the rise is higher than the modulation bandwidth, so the other way of the loop is to provide / can support the increase of point modulation. The transfer function for the purpose of two-point modulation is not relevant In the example of the limitation of LL bandwidth and the known technology of the dual modulation TX frame 7 2 patent number, through the use of frequency division ~ local oscillator L〇1. 1 1 8) and the sum of the PLL returns points to the D-X oscillator (7. The same item in 7 acts on the product (1 6) such as phase adjustment V. Invention description (6) ~ --------- ________________ _________________________________,, Salvage method, and it is turned out by the totalizer (5). Its purpose is to 7) and it is used for phase detection. The mover is to remove all the components from the rogue element of the summing mechanism (1). For the voltage-controlled oscillator frequency divider, the noise level will rise, and D needs to use a large division ratio to set the radio. Miscellaneous in the communication system: The PLL bandwidth of two is used to meet the number of low-back :: ί:;: volume requirements. Quite severe restrictions, @ 为; 以》 For the use of this architecture, it is easy to accept the actual上 「7 The antenna is at the same buccal rate, the sun and the mountains are the same,】 Bei 1 does not have a pull action. However, the 'modulation input is controlled by the analog mechanism, so it is easy to produce conditions', which makes the method unsuitable for use. It is quite accurate in modulation methods such as emotions. In addition, M, M § κ: The modulation signal effect equivalently acts on the double t in this circuit: I (mUua " will act on the transfer function of p LL ": After the change, this should bear some distortion. In addition, in the p LL synthesizer": The same problem is that the dynamic effect of the PLL must accept a considerable tolerance distribution on the = of p LL. This will make the miscellaneous Two; Two of them are the key parameters in the current high-data-rate Yixian telecommunication system.… In the structure of another conventional technology, i and Q modulators generally used in the up-conversion loop, if a fixed package is used In the case of closed modulation, it is replaced by phase modulation or frequency modulation. If phase modulation is used, in principle, it can be converted to frequency modulation by integration. However, the exact frequency between the phase and frequency modulation is required. There are some differences in the modulator. In the GF s κ ^

Page 9 V. Description of the invention (7) ~~ —s —-————____________________________________———— In one of the above, it is determined by the number of frequency offsets, but not particularly by the demand rate deviation of the specific transmission standard used. Move must be in the quarter-,. For G M S K modulation, a large phase error. If the second data rate is accurately maintained to prevent the operation, it can be guaranteed to have enough = 25 weeks M, and there is only digital technology N—PSK or W-CD M, \ again. The same technique can be used in non-fixed encapsulation methods where low phase error is required, where the required architecture can provide sufficient yield vectors. Using Digital Technology Another is shown in Figure 3 — as shown in Figure 3.

FM modulation machine in LL; =: modulation knot ', its use is as described in P patent No. 4 9 9 4 76821 = 8 ^ brewing modulation see the US structure contains-as shown in the above figure see ^ reference to Figure 3, the TX The frame 刭 Γ 7, and the occupation in -y 2 has the combined benefit of the recognition blocks (1) to (7), but the split ratio Ν in the three tests follows the different tests. $ 循 " The [1 3] converter (24) is pre-known with a well-known technique = f: this "", ^ change. The # fork 'is extracted from memory or other displacements and used as a noise shaping frequency divider to the nearest Reference frequency I;:; Programmable constant P⑴)) 2 5 F (2 2) Via the summing mechanism (23 members) V, the second programmable constant changes the signal to select the output channel) ^ Common-fractional shift to the tuning The method of determining the transient frequency of the synthesizer is described as follows: Fsynth (t) = fmod (t)-((F / 2w) + p) fref where w is the bus width of the operator in the delta Slgma region.

Page 10 480843 V. Description of the invention (8) The d e 11 a 2) is synthesized into 3) noise. 4) The decisive use uses a generation function in G M, which only makes i) the output end of the bandwidth * · 1 1 wide and acceptable but low-frequency data Figure 4 issues, the following sigma modulation method will The modulation effect is in the digital domain ^^ 2 and τ2. The program phase can use the low division ratio of N, the output phase detector and the min = the actual reduction is attributed to the use of noise shaping, Resulting in back = f traffic. 3. Quantization outside the road bandwidth. Although quantization noise appears at the road, its rank is completely present: therefore, there is no distribution of products. -^, Accurate enough — sigma modulator to ensure that the error is quite low when the or non-fixed encapsulation method. The specific features of the present invention are the accuracy of the use of d e 1 7 a-s gm ^ modulator This will be explained below. The disadvantages of using a modulated delta-sigma modulator are explained as follows: As mentioned above, for the up-conversion loop, its PLL return limit is quite low, and the high PLL bandwidth will cause excessive adjacentity at the transmitter. Emissions between channels; and) due to component tolerances, p LL must vary considerably in the loop frequency. ’It is important to understand that the use of de e 11 a-s i g m a modulators guarantees the accuracy of the modulated signal content. The structure of another known technology is shown in the figure. This structure can overcome two problems. See US Patent No. 5 7 2 9 1 8 2. The same reference numerals in the description of g must be the same as those in Figures 1, 2, and 3.

V. Description of the invention (9) ^------------------------------------- ------ ------- _ — The test number indicates the same component. Please refer to FIG. 4 now, the integral cry provides a modulation function from i ^ 5) via the broadcast shown in FIG. 2, the electric pump (") D :: = head office (17), and the modulation should be charged . This illustrates that for this modulation, the effect of ^ 7) is removed. t S 〇 knife number N includes analog internal difference. It is increased or decreased. ^ ΓΛ1; ^ The daily frequency N (l3) does not divide the frequency of the oscillator (VC0), and the phase of the union is added and relocated, so that the residual at p LL is reached in order to recover. ^ The quantization of the modulation path, L is the same as the transfer function, and the modulation signal is accepted as the phase of PL · multiplication: two of them are too large in the correlator (20), then PL =: If the voltage-controlled vibration is exhausted, the K-function filter (丄 qf is a modulation residue, which is related to the value transferred by PL·L ·; the application of Sibo ’s modulation is the same, and a positive correlation The VC0 modulation is generated in the 〇rrelator) (2〇). If the phase is reversed and generated-after the warehouse is touched, then the waveform in the correlation is (2 0). The correlation from the correlator jp (corre Lati〇n). Therefore in the quantification of the 21 device. This is the output of μ feather 0) to increase or decrease the gain to control the bandwidth of the loop B; -f knows the advanced structure of the technology, where you can choose in the P The p L °, the frequency I connection is no longer a mandatory connection. Therefore, the frequency divider is miscellaneous = the bandwidth of the loop is allocated to achieve a compromise between the stationary time and the phase detector / θ 1 8 2 case number. In the US patent No. 572 modulation method, but said == a kind of demodulation accuracy may be applied from a de: L ta — sisma, how to use the delta-sigma to ensure that ^ not used delta-sigma, which requires certain types of classes

Page 12 480843 V. Description of the invention (10)! Than interpolation or modulation. In the case of analog interpolation, correlation must be performed over a long period of time to achieve the accuracy of fractional N modulation. As a result, the only way to ensure the corrective operation of the correlator | (20) is to return it with the filter (19) | The PLL should be mirrored (mi r r 〇 r).丨

Even though there are some advantages to the above-mentioned related methods, there are still some problems in this technique: i) The P L L response must be mirrored by a filter (19). P L L and its image response still accept the product distribution described above, and further changes for different frequency bands, operating modes, etc. Applying a filter 19 trace indicates the main problem that actually occurred, especially when the transmitter must be integrated. ii) removing DC from the input of the correlator will need to include other additional circuits such as analog-to-digital conversion; iii) the distribution in the VC0 gain results in the dynamics of the PLL. The PLL dwell time / noise distribution has a decisive effect. This is because the uncertainty in the PLL open-loop phase margin will increase the spikes in closed-loop noise and lengthen the P LL frequency response time. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a transceiver capable of high-level integration to use a transmitter circuit mechanism in a highly integrated transceiver. Another object of the present invention is to provide a transmitter circuit mechanism in which this mechanism allows repeatable modulation accuracy and allows a plurality of different modulation formats to be used in a radio communication system conforming to the trend.

Page 13 480843: V. Description of the invention (11) In order to comply with the modulation, the present invention | To limit change. Therefore, it is necessary to input the measurement with the aligned modulation signal, ideally, because P L can basically operate in response. The bandwidth of this channel, not based on the above structure, includes: a phase-locked return structure, a total frequency generator, the frequency-divided bit detector's input, a fundamental frequency, and the information modulated by the transmitter. The change in signal and the correlation is due to the above-mentioned purpose, and it provides the accuracy without using a deUa-slgma modulator and the bandwidth of a PLL that requires G-shear. Class: Tuning alignment to comply with the deHa-Slgma modulation class. ^ The weekly change method is to establish a relationship between the residual helical terminals in the PLL to correct the voltage-controlled oscillation = to apply the PLL to respond to the wave of the waver. When L is initially locked, it is impossible to understand that p is designed to modulate the modulation-related loop so that it cannot trim the modulation in the action of the modulation correlation, and p will interfere with the normal operation of the transmitter. The description in the reply 'The present invention provides a transmitter circuit machine 1, "including a phase Russian tester mechanism and a voltage controlled oscillator connected in series" and configured with a capacitor for outputting the voltage controlled oscillator Back: to one: Incoming end; and the next day = No. configure this base frequency modulation source to generate the characteristics corresponding to the transmission circuit mechanism is still provided: mechanism, I have set the shape of this mechanism to receive the second, ^ There are s ·, one or more modulation-related signals between the signal and the residual modulation in the loop; the igma 4 benefit mechanism is configured to receive the modulation. V. Invention description (12) a '--- --------------------------------------------, a! Change signal, and This generates a del f 丨 -modulated radiant quantization Γ1㈣ control signal and a tune change positive signal, and is configured to receive the modulated signal and use it. The response of the MU 5 week dual-signal radiated signal is used as a response. The modulation letter :: 'modulates the voltage-controlled vibration' and generates -modulation R, :: = phase frequency generator :: control two = action to substantially remove from the frequency divider signal controlled by the material Drop modulation signal. ， ° σ ^ ， 11 cycle variable RF output Furthermore, the present invention provides a method of RF output signal in the phase-locked loop, the phase-locked loop generates a modulation: a structure, a summing mechanism, and- Voltage-controlled string: phase: two phase-to-phase detector input, the method includes the following steps to generate a feedback corresponding to the information to be transmitted: U total will be levied as including from the A delta-sigma control signal in a delta_W modulator; the king acts on the modulation signal to the summing mechanism, and generates the modulation RF output signal =. "Hai pressure control vibration surplus term; as the The rotation of the oscillator applies the deUa-slgma control signal to the controllable frequency divider,

Page 15 480843 — ^ One — V. Description of the Invention 〇3) ^ Therefore control the frequency division ratio; perform frequency division on the modulated RF output signal according to the frequency division ratio of the frequency divider; & To establish the criticality in the phase-locked loop, use the correlation result ::::; the digital phase of the modulation signal will act on the modulation signal of the summing mechanism ~ the modulation-related signal; u Ding Yihua, in response to the steps of reading the frequency division in which the 9 input end is removed from the RF output signal; it is better that the transmitter circuit of the bit detector also includes a pair of two to generate a reference Frequency signal, configure the McCaw frequency source, receive the reference frequency as the number f at the input end, and the detector mechanism to compare the reference frequency signal and the output number to produce a second controllable divider ratio. The frequency signal and the output Rf; J:;: f difference signal are relative to a preferred embodiment, and the phase error between the phases ㈣t. Provide the special charge capacity at the pump to detect. • Configure a charge-charge pump quantization mechanism to control the "pump: = Provide the vibration P of the configuration difference signal, the ball φ = Shuquan UI generated phase error. Charger I: s' ~ Lihua mechanism responds to the modulation-related circuit mechanism at the positive signal! The charge ... Control is further advanced-the two-point alignment provides control of residual modulation, and therefore allows more allowance Ground-micro i: Comparison: The modulation-related circuit mechanism in the embodiment also includes: configuration and micro-second: = receives the phase error signal from the phase detector machine 1, μ § number, giving a frequency offset Signal. In addition, configure one

Page 16 480843 Five invention descriptions (14) ~ ---------------------------------__ High-pass filter to receive from The modulation signal of the fundamental frequency modulation source, and any low-frequency components are removed, and / H ^ is considered; the reading number passes through the -correlator, where the correlator generates the signal signal with phase M 2 f: cycle change Receiving the master provides configuring the control signal to control the modulation amplitude quantization mechanism. In the if to ::,-adjustment changes include this, pump quantifier •, control signal generation =, including correction, it controls the charge pump to quantify the generation of the charge pump differential number. In the preferred embodiment, the phase generated by the modulation ς is only highly correlated with high frequencies. The advantages of the hair path mechanism are combined and reduced in the phase-locked loopback; The correction error is only established. According to this article, the two-point modulation of the correlator will be more uniform. Knife type, more effective sealing can be obtained. Another aspect of the present invention is to stop the loop and the transmitter to vibrate: ‘. These two = include the reference ~ monotonic f voltage sensing degree, the bearing capacity: degree :: vc. Easy to use a single loop can make this two fields of uncertainty, another advantage of the present invention, ::; Effect is minimized. Use a wide modulation bandwidth. ν is used: Two: Hui 2 uses the phase modulation component of the mode which is wider than P L L. ; == Provide non-fixed envelope tuning; SK synthesizer complexity compatible ====================================================================== For application- and low-cost multi-mode operation; The structure can be realized by the following preferred features, advantages and advantages, please read the drawings. = = 口 口 The same 中 in the drawing. 5. The description of the invention (15) means the same group. The following will refer to the description in Figure 5. It has a common frequency signal and a limited reference signal, and then). The modulation signal ratio of the loop output is a programmable control signal. The input of the loop transmitter is 13, the detector 4 detects the relative phase difference, 5 quantizes the signal 6, and then the addition of the low change point mechanism from the modulation to a modulation amplitude 8 and also via the modulation The variable prescaler first has a few pieces to add up. With reference to FIG. 5 to illustrate the particular preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be apparent that the seat steam β | of the present invention. Same foundation. Youie, Katu 3 and 4 Xing 5 cry, ί 疋, McCaw Oscillator 1 provides a reference to Taguchiguchi 2 (T Remote Selector). In order to limit this, go to em (also, you can choose to test the phase and frequency detector 4 step by step. The phase and frequency detector 4 receives one from a semicolon ^-in A lU vbe goes to 丄 3, at π ... the input of this frequency divider ϋ μ is from a delta-sigma modulator? The frequency divider 13 of 4 corresponds to the -modulation point mechanism of the present invention oscillates from the ground | § (Ή L0) 7 The output gain pair (TX L0) 7 is a voltage controlled oscillator. The phase and frequency reference frequency and the signal output from the frequency divider " output a phase error signal to the charge pump 5. The charging pump is used to feed the loop filter wave filter number set as a low-pass filter is fed to a second corresponding to the present invention: the main mechanism 1 8. ° ° source 1 4 k for phase lock The modulation of the loop, the modulation source 1 4 provides the frequency modulation directly to the summing mechanism 1 via the chemical structure 2 1 and provides the frequency 1 3 by means of a delta-sigma modulator 2 4. In particular, from Variable modulation source 14 output becomes a constant fraction of the displacement F of the adder 23 in the sum, and then fed to the head del ta sigma modulator 24, and then

Page 18

V. Description of the invention (16) A programmable reference displacement is further added to the total output number de 1 ta-s i gma control signal. The point of comparing FIG. 5 is to provide a quantization mechanism 2 7 signal. The modulation responds to the quantification operation of a control number and I P a with 7 of the control effect, which is allocated according to the above (ie, the H F component c). In order to achieve the same alignment control pump quantization mechanism (if κ ν c 〇 pump signal as shown in TX). The distribution of this absolute charge pump is irrelevant, which will be explained in the following. Relying on the quantization operation turn-in signal. This issue will be explained in the following), and from the above-mentioned end L0 (7 signal and borrow 2 7) to go beyond, then the mechanism not only current to affect the force of the P U instrument? The ς value 钬 猞 俨 Λ sums up the round value. It is known that the second phase change result is provided on the phase locked loop of the stepper. Obviously, FIG. 5 knows the mechanism 2] η ± b 2 quantized from the charge pump 5 f The charging mechanism 2 ... backlash is the same, and similarly, the control circuit of the dying man J 5 tiger Ka 1 pa to control the force is described in the modification of the positive circuit product c. ° ^ κ a The following will explain how to maintain the modulation loop, and to remove the VC0 gain (κ ν result from the observation of the project slightly, and at the same time, the modulation effect of the transient frequency offset through the quantization mechanism (2 1) _ The current obtained from changing the charging pump is obtained by the Ipa offset of the control mechanism. According to this square charge / decrease to compensate the FM offset signal and II ', leading to the correction of the modulation, and it is mainly difficult to tune the dynamics of the PLL The method of aligning the control voltage with a single PLL in κ: Set five. Invention description (17) = aims to remove the correlation on the dynamic setting of the PLL. The present invention is designed so that the data transmission rate exceeds the bandwidth of the PLL The example can be more efficient. By establishing the correlation of the south frequency, the effect action on the p LL bandwidth is reduced and if needed-a long string of modulation #, it can be corrected more quickly: Guan Yi: This will reduce the configuration required for the gain adjustment value of V c 0. When this result is reached, the smoker will save the money and save the money, and I will do whatever I can to configure the Nantong filter reverse gate. Machine and use oversampling (.versamp heart: L · I another MJ A frequency η valley σ ”is applied to P to maintain π = quite accurately, although only a part of the total modulation input is used, so the accuracy of the modulation adjustment of 隹 and 隹 is fixed. The following description is illustrative (6) The preferred implementation of the present invention shown in Γίΐphase: The modulated high-frequency content can be applied to the two L l and the correlator quite accurately. It is better not to be inferior to each other. It is also possible to use the invention in other applications. The control signal K :: Ming: ㈡ In order to get the work) (29) of the-term input, use frequency Divide this; therefore, the high-pass chirped wave filter (31) can remove the modulation: In the relevant mechanism: ϊ 保证 can ensure that only the high-frequency components of the modulation have less effect. Charging! The term in the differentiator 7 5) indicates the phase error in the PLL. This round divides points in the loop meat M) at the same time to convert to a frequency error, (2 9) $ th: removes any DC shift function. In the multiplier and use this differentiator (; d == by the low-pass ferrule (2 8) mechanism 2 7) to remove del ta_sig post (%,

Page 20 480843 丨 Fifth, the description of the invention (18)!

|) The product of noise shaping. After the correlator (2 0) and multiplier (2 9) I!, A gate (32) is provided. When any bit reversal exists, the gate is closed. When bit repetition occurs, this is more susceptible to PLL dynamics I j

Ring, so the brake is opened to prevent reducing the effect of the correlator. Alternatively, the gate can be located at 3 3 and 3 4. The squares in the figure are displayed as dots to indicate that these positions are optional. Moreover, a single bit delay (35) is provided at the output of the modulator to assist the timing of the reverse gate. Depending on which is the most convenient, all functions listed above are configured and executed digitally or by analogy. The output of the correlator filter (30) acts on, for example, a pair of comparators (36, 37) as shown in FIG. 7, which increases or decreases according to the direction of the error in the correlator. Counter (3 8). This counter is only a method of implementing the integrator used in the present invention, and another mechanism uses a standard analog or switched capacitive integration mechanism, and the selection is based on whether a silicon region is used or whether the start time is optimal. Through a low-resolution digital-to-analog converter (D A C) 3 4, the up / down (u p / d o w η) counter is converted to an analog voltage. The D AC provides a modulation change positive signal Ka to the modulation vibration quantization mechanism (21), and also provides a charge pump correction signal Ip a to the charge pump quantization mechanism (27). The entire result of the control signal is to adjust the amplitude of the modulation signal applied to VC〇, so that the modulation signal of VC〇 and the modulation signal of the de 11 a-sigma modulator are at each other at the input to the phase detector. Offset each other. As can be understood from the above description, a variety of conventional techniques are integrated in the present invention to obtain a brand-new combination in a brand-new architecture. In addition, in addition to this new combination, the architecture of the present invention incorporates two items that cannot be found in this field.

Page 21 V. Description of the invention (19) Any related know-how i) Frequency of use Extra features obtained during the operation. These two items are related to the digital communication of the output of the transient to the frequency limiter. The number of the limited range is well-defined and the dependency of the second item is considered. This simplified component number (coe ffi uses the inverse term error rate term to remove the system, internal, and good vibration characteristics, the removal of the choice of ci en ts rather than the phase error to drive the correction] ... · reversal gate ). With this, and the sign, the output of the phase detector is small, not the phase error. Therefore, it can be used to remove the DC offset. Another advantage: The frequency range of the number must be maintained at: Urgent: There is no limit to the phase. Therefore ^ spoke. Its improved corrector operates ^ 5HAIfrequency error letter #, two-way removal of the dependence on the BW circuit on the low-frequency component of the tune modulation operation, because in addition It will speed up the process even more, so the storage system is). The requirements are reduced to a minimum (-the overall result of the present invention is to generate a dynamic architecture, only by the charging current architecture, the value of this circuit is determined, these values are actually less than vc. Oscillator. So, on the 7th of this day, it decentralizes' especially if it provides multiple advantages. &Quot; Dagger improves the conventional technology,

Page 22 480843 丨 The diagram is simply explained! Figure 1 is a diagram of the frequency-increasing loop architecture of the conventional technique; I Figure 2 is a diagram of the two-point modulation architecture of the conventional technique;! Figure 3 is the architecture of another conventional technique. It is used to compensate for changes in the gain of the VCO; | FIG. 4 is another conventional architecture including a delta sigma modulator; FIG. 5 is a transmitter architecture according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; A block diagram of a modified positive circuit of a preferred embodiment of the invention; and FIG. 7 is a block diagram of another part of a modified positive circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. Description of drawing number: 1 reference oscillator 2 limiter 3 frequency divider 4 source modulation 5 charge pump 6 loop wave converter 7 local oscillator (TXL0) 1 3 frequency divider 18 summing mechanism 2 0 correlator

Page 23 480843 Simple illustration of the diagram 2 1 Modulation mechanism for modulation and vibration 2 4 d e 11 a s i g m a Modulator 2 7 Quantification mechanism for charge pump 2 9 Multiplier 3 2 Gate

Claims (1)

、 Application patent scope 1 · :: sender circuit mechanism, including: totalizer phase 2 ^, including one phase of the tester mechanism configured in series,-this; frequency i: = oscillator: and configuration one Controllable frequency divider, 芎 °, the output of the μ gain control oscillator is fed back to the round-in end of the phase detection action; and 丨 only / only j select >: the fundamental frequency modulation source, The baseband modulation source is configured to generate a modulation signal corresponding to the information to be transmitted. The characteristics of the circuit device of the bamboo gainer can be further provided by: a modulation related circuit mechanism, which is configured with this mechanism. In order to receive the modulation letter and the signal in the phase-locked loop has correlation with the residual modulation, therefore, one or more modulation change positive signals are generated; Master: a modulator mechanism, which is configured to receive the modulation文 文 口 口) U & generates a dei ta-sigma control signal; and: a modulation and H quantization mechanism, I set this mechanism to receive the modulation signal and use, to reduce the frequency In response, the quantized modulation signal is applied to the summing phase. Circuit, which is produced by modulating the voltage-controlled oscillator; and the RF output signal of the 5th week, the delta-sigma control signal is applied to the device to control the division ratio therein. Because of the frequency division action of the industrial system, the modulation signal is substantially removed from the signal output from the frequency divider of the phase pre-measurement device. The modulated RF output 2. If the sending mechanism of the patent application scope item, even the patent application scope 6, including a reference frequency fishing ~ ---------------- --------, configure this phase to set this reference frequency source to sound the 4 frequency signal :: il measure Γ structure in 1 2 ΐ: reference frequency signal reference frequency household phase error signal, Xia t In the case of receiving the reference and the round-out RF signal, this signal corresponds to the response of the phase error in the RF signal configured with a phase output. 4 • If included, please include a phase correlation generated by a charge pump. The circuit mechanism produces electricity 5 • If the road mechanism j is more packaged, the error signal 1 is used as the input of the mechanism 6 • If it is requested, the body circuit machine. At least the configurator constant P and — can be configured, First, and output the result to ----_ 嗲 Phase 2 of the scope of patent application for the second phase; Phase error of the target pair. The phase detector mechanism further includes: a hair adaptor circuit mechanism, which applies a phase error evaluation mechanism with a relative phase of "RF 6", a frequency signal of the Lingkao test, and the charging signal to generate the Phase;… a decisive response. As for the detection, as described in item 3 of the patent scope of Shenyan, a charge pump quantization machine is equipped with a uUX circuit mechanism, and it is more inclusive of the control of the charge pump from the money structure. Tian Yi π ··· Adjust the phase error signal generated by the transmitter, which can be used to construct the correction «correction». The chemical agency can hide the following: Ϊ any of the items 2 to 4 in the patent scope. Low-pass loop 泸 吴. ,,, _ 顼, or any of the 4 items, to store a programmable reference multiplication-programmable component frequency shift constant F and output U-adder ' To sum up the modulation signal and the constants F, ~ ,,, and fruit to the delta sigma modulator; and Page 26 480843 丨 Six, the scope of the patent application is configured with a constant p! 7 · If the modulation related j is configured with a number one to give a signal; set the number one, and the filter is configured with a modulation signal and configured with a control generator. At least one key 8 · If the control signal is the main control signal 9 · If the modulation is related, set the base frequency to the base frequency and the phase structure, and further advance / from the base frequency to the first adder 'to add the The de 1 ta-sigma modulator output gives the de 11 a-sigma control signal. ° and the scope of the patent application circuit mechanism further includes: a differentiator to connect a transmitter circuit mechanism corresponding to the first item of the lock, in which the modulation correlator and the output signal change are being applied for a special generator. The signal of ′ is connected to a main control generator signal, and the Liquang structure also generates a phase difference signal and a differential modulation frequency of the residual modulation in the phase loop 2 ′ to receive the modulation source from the fundamental frequency. Σ to remove any low-frequency components; σ receives the frequency offset signal, and the control signal; and% @ structure to receive the main control signal as a response. The transmitter circuit mechanism of the 7th item of the housing J corrects the lack of the charge pump. ^ T " In response to the patent application, the transmitter circuit mechanism of the 7th item of the patent scope includes: ^ a delay mechanism to feed in the The modulation signal generated by the high-pass filter source is generated—the hatred mechanism, which delays the yuan before gaining; the switch mechanism is configured with the step of the control signal generating mechanism, so that two = one switch can be set The reverse signal from the modulation source turns out, where: # 作 而 回 田 4 Reverse signal refers to Page 27 480843, the scope of patent application, ...----------------------- When a one-digit repetition has occurred, turn on the switch & The § number indicates that a one-digit reversal has occurred, and it constitutes a '10'. When the reversal is in accordance with item 7 of the scope of patent application ^ ^ violation of the switch mechanism. The modulation-related circuit further includes a delay machine = a circuit mechanism, which passes the filter before the base frequency to modulate the source machine to generate a one-bit delay at the high feed; modulation in turn The signal is placed between the phase detector mechanism and the differential structure; the first switch is switched on and off at the output of the delay mechanism and the high pass. A second switching mechanism is configured; a reverse signal of the first and second rounds of the fundamental frequency modulation source is further arranged between the round-in ends of the wave generator, and the two-channel structure operates, and the response indicates that it has occurred When the bit is repeated, the reverse signal is set to 4 信号 构 when the reverse signal indicates the structure, and when the reverse signal indicates that the first and second switching mechanisms have been issued, the switching mechanism is closed. When the bit is reversed, it is closed 1 1 · If the scope of the patent application is the first, the circuit mechanism, in which the modulation-related command is any of the 0-term transmitter, the output of the ':: f differentiator, and the: The structure further includes a low-pass filtering pass filter, and a low 12 is arranged between the round-in ends of the low-pass filtering. The frequency offset signal is as claimed in the patent application. The modulation related circuit includes a transmitter circuit mechanism equipped with one item, and a round-in end of the ξ generating mechanism: the second low-pass filter is the seventh gold in the patent application scope. Generate this master control for low-pass chirp: Send any one of 〇 480843 VI. Patent application scope circuit mechanism, where the configuration is a first comparison when the main control signal a, and the result signal is a, and the result is assigned a number, and the self-counter is 1 where 1 is 1 and which are respectively 19, OR circuit 1 signal mechanism, frequency divider, signal generation mechanism includes: ^, to compare the main control signal when the fish is greater than, the output reference value is set first and when the number; set a counter Increase the counter to set a value of the digital analog analog signal DAC junction from the 4 · such as the DA 5 · such as high-pass filtering a digital 6 · such as the 10-item mention 7——methods, one summing the two Comparator ,, main control signal selection = compare the main control signal with the soul less than (1) Risi, then turn off the J s Hai counter to respond to the first-second time to respond to the second result signal; = change (DAC) to generate the-= analog analog output in order to obtain this tuning range: the Ϊ Ϊ electric pump correction signal. The transmitter circuit or driver of the low and south 12 items, and the wave filter, and any of the second low-pass or knife-switched capacitor filter — range of items 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 Transmitter circuit mechanism in which the bit modulation is turned out. The phase-locked loop for generating a modulated R loop includes a phase and voltage-controlled vibrator configured in series, and an output of an attenuator is fed back to the output application special wave of the phase detection application c. The analog application for any phase in a phase-locking mechanism, the reference value of the voltage-controlled vibration is a second result, and the said mechanism, machine :, filter item. 8, 8, 垓 send F-wheel out of the control device 480843 丨 6, the scope of patent application | In the end, the method includes the following steps: I generate a modulation signal corresponding to the information to be transmitted, its characteristics are more I include The following steps: I generates a de 11 a-sigma control signal from a modulation signal in a de 11 a-sigma modulator; applies the modulation signal to the summing mechanism to modulate the voltage-controlled oscillation And generates the modulated RF output signal as an output of the oscillator; applies the de 11 a-sigma control signal to the controllable frequency divider, and thus controls the frequency division ratio therein; according to the frequency division The frequency division ratio of the modulator performs frequency division on the modulated RF output signal in the controllable frequency divider; establishes the correlation between the residual modulation in the phase-locked loop and the digital of the modulation signal, and uses the correlation result to Generating a modulation change positive signal; and quantizing the modulation signal acting on the summing mechanism in response to the modulation change positive signal; wherein the step of frequency division is actually in the phase to phase The input of the bit detector removes the modulation from the RF output signal. 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