470887 5484twf.doc/006 A7 B7 五、發明説明（/ ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明是有關於一種USB集線器，且特別是有關於一 種具有多個上傳璋並可在不同主f幾間切換之USB集線器及 使用該USB集線器之電腦系統，其可依據不同電腦主機之 要求與手動切換之選擇，在適當時機將其使用權切換給需 .使用USB集線器之電腦主機，使電腦主機可控制所有接在 USB集線器之下傳埠的USB裝置資料存取。 自從IBM公司發展出PC XT及PC AT的個人電腦之 後，和IBM PC相容的個人電腦即被全世界普遍使用。在 這期間，因爲半導體技術的進步，使個人電腦的功能越來 越強，同時可用的設備也越來越多，例如：圖形化的作業 系統的普及，滑鼠（Mouse)已是必備的設備，爲了將資料印 出，印表機幾乎也是必備的，網際網路(Internet)的發達， 在家中的使用者都需使用數據機(MODEM)來連接網路，而 爲了避免電腦當機使工作成果付諸流水，會準備大容量的 備份裝置定時備資料，或是想將圖形存入電腦，掃描器 (Scanner)亦是普遍被使用的設備。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 以上所提及的設備在個人電腦發展出來之後’陸續發 展出來，直到目前，已是非常普遍，甚至是必備的設備。 但是因爲每一項設備發展的目的不同，所處的環境亦不 同’所以在設計時，依不同的考量而使用不同的介面。到 了現在，在一部個人電腦若要使用前面所提的各項設備’ 電腦後面的連線將是非常可觀的，因爲幾乎每種設備都使 用不同的介面，有些介面目前已是個人電腦的標準配備’ 如連接滑鼠的RS232串列介面，或是連接印表機的並列介 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 470887 5 4 84t\vf. d〇c/〇〇6 A7 B7 五、發明説明（Z) —1. - -*1 ··-— - 1 I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 面。但是有些介面則需另外安裝介面卡，例如連接大容量 備ί刀裝置大都使用 SCSI(Small Computer System Interface)介 面’ SCSI介面即需另外安裝介面卡。又，有些設備更是使 用專有的介面，如有些掃描器即是使用特殊的專有介面， .必需安裝專屬的介面卡才可使用。因此在個人電腦中，必 需提供許多插槽（Slot)以供安裝各種介面卡，而完成整個系 統的連線之後，電腦後面的連線亦是十分可觀，並且凌亂 鈿t卜。 由於上述的情況，乃發展出通用串列匯流排(Universal Serial Bus ;以下簡稱USB)介面的規格，其係爲一新興起之 傳輸協定，USB意圖將週邊至主機系統之傳輸方式統一 化，使得未來週邊與主機之連結方式都透過USB，以方便 使用者連結各週邊與主機系統。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 USB希望各種設備都可使用統一的介面來連接，可簡 化系統的安裝，並且電腦內部亦不需要預留太多的空間來 安裝各種特殊的介面卡’另外USB介面亦有隨插即用（Plug & Play)的功能，即個人電腦可以自動偵測所連接的設備， 並安裝相關的驅動程式(Driver)供使用者使用。此外，USB 介面的規格，具有線上即插即用（Hotplu[in)的功能’可以 在電腦運作當中’將設備連接上去’電腦主機皆可以自動 偵測並安裝相關的程式’無需經過關機再重新開機的步 驟，隨即可讓使用者使用新連上的週邊設備。同樣地’在 週邊設備移除時’電腦主機亦可自動偵測並將相.關的程式 移除，以免使用者執行相關程式而產生錯誤。 本紙張尺度適用中關家標準（CNS)八4麟（21GX297公羡） 470887 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 員 工 消 費 合 作 社 印 製 5 4 8 4 tw Γ. d ο c/0 0 6 Α7 __Β7 五、發明説明（3) 一般來說’一個USB系統只能有一個主控器 (master) ’其他所有週邊裝置都是附屬器（slave)，通常個人 電腦（PC)中之USB主機控制器（H〇st c〇ntr〇iier)是唯一的主 控器，並掌控所有資料之傳輸。主機控制器使用表徵(t〇kens) 及指令（commands)，USB定義爲Requests來控制主控器（pc) 與附屬器（週邊裝置）間資料之接收與傳送。 USB集線器（Hub)界於USB主機控制器與週邊裝置 (USB 置）之間爲星形拓撲⑻以t〇p〇l〇gy)中，用以擴展週 邊之關鍵組件，所有的USB裝置(device)或節點(node)例如 鍵盤、滑m'印表機…等都必須接在集線器之下傳埠 (downstream port)或是被整合在集線器中。通常集線器擁有 一上傳埠（upstream port)接至上一層集線器或主機控制器之 根部節點集線器(root Hub)，另有一個以上（含一個）之下傳 埠用以擴充USB之裝置節點。 集線器提供兩個主要的功能，一是中繼器(Repeater): 用以將主機下傳的資料廣播(broadcast)至所有致能埠上之 USB裝置，然後將USB裝置上傳的資料重覆於上傳埠送至 主機；另一是連接（connecti〇n)與斷絕（disconnection)之偵 測：集線器必須對USB裝置之熱拔插做偵測’並報告給主 機以達到主機熱即插即用（Hot Plug & Play)之功能。 請參照第1圖與第2圖’其分別繪示的是習知一種電 腦系統的連接示意圖。 如第1圖與第2圖所示’所有的USB裝置1.4a〜14η分 別連接在對應之集線器12a〜12f的下傳埠16a〜16η或是被整 I---ϊ-------衣------iT-· (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 47088 5484tw •doc/006 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（γ ) 口在集線器（如第2圖之組合元件2〇)中。集線器12a〜12f 刀別ί維有一上傳埠18a〜18f，並分別連接至上一層集線器或 USB主機控制器1〇或電腦主機之根部節點集線器（r〇〇t Hub)i 1 〇 , 由第1圖與第2圖可得知，由於個人電腦中之usb主 機控制器控制所有USB裝置與個人電腦間資料之傳輸，所 =對任一 USB裝置而言，其只能被唯—之個人電腦使用， ㈢有另一個人電腦欲透過USB匯流排使用此USB裝置時， 須重新將此USB裝置插入另一個人電腦之根部節點集線 器或外部集線器之下傳埠，由此個人電腦取得USB裝置之 控制權方能使用。 爲了解決上述問題’目前市面上的解決方法爲提供一 轉換盒（switch box)，以手動方式來切換USB裝置接上被選 擇之個人電腦’此種解決方案之電腦系統的連接示意圖如 第3圖所示，包括個人電腦21與22、轉換盒24及USB裝 置26。舉例來說，USB裝置26目前是被個人電腦21所使 用’假如個人電腦22欲使用USB裝置26時，必須以手動 方式切換轉換盒24上之開關，使USB裝置26透過轉換盒 24連接至個人電腦22，此時個人電腦22即可使用USB裝 置26 °然而，依照第3圖所示之架構及其切換方法，具有 以下的缺點： h人爲切換不方便。 2.無法判斷切換之適當時機，有可能影響正在使用 此USB裝置之應用軟體功能。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） I—^—.---------訂------ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 470887 5484twf. doc/0 06 A7 B7 五、發明説明（炙） 3·必須使用額外的轉換盒，成本高。 4. 延長電纜（cable)與使用過多的插座插頭，易產生雜 訊。 I m In It m It» I— n m I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 5. 違反USB規格，有可能使USB裝置至集線器之電 纜路徑超過5公尺。 6·只能切換使用單—USB裝置。 請參照第4圖，其繪示的習知一種電腦系統的連接示 意圖，包括個人電腦31與32、資料轉換器(data swltcher)34 及USB裝置36a〜36c。 第4圖與第3圖之最大不同點在於，透過第4圖之資 料轉換器，34’可一次將連接於資料轉換器34上之多台USB 裝置36a〜36c切換給單一個人電腦使用。然而，必須注意 的是，當資料轉換器34只連接這三台USB裝置36a〜36c 時，個人電腦31與32就分別必須使用三條USB電纜 37a〜37c與38a〜38c來連接至資料轉換器34。假如連接資料 轉換器34之USB裝置的數量很多時，此時個人電腦31、 32與資料轉換器34間之USB電纜的使用數量勢必非常可 觀。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 有鑒於此，本發明提出一種具有多個上傳埠並可在不 同主機間切換之USB集線器，包括多數個上傳埠、多數個 下傳痺、連結佈線器、轉換控制器與傳統USB集線器。這 些上傳埠分別用以提供實際之連結至不同之電腦主機中， 而所有下傳埠分別用以提供實際之連結至不同之USB裝置 中。連結佈線器連接至所有上傳埠其中含有指令解譯器(74) 本紙張尺度通用中國國家標準（CNS)从胁（21〇><297公餐 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 470887 -''484twt.doc/〇〇6 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ό ) 和多工器（72)，指令解譯器用以解碼來自個別電腦主機送 來的指令，並回應相關的資料給電腦主機，同時送出解析 後之結果訊號給轉換控制器（52)。轉換控制器(52)依據此控 制訊號切換多工器（72)使其選擇指令所指定之上傳埠連接 至USB集線器（54)之集線器中繼器(60)，其中被切換連接至 .集線器中繼器（60)之上傳埠係爲集線器璋，其他未連接者 則爲裝置埠，而集線器埠所接之電腦主機擁有USB集線器 之控制權，並控制所有接在USB集線器之下傳埠的USB裝置 資料存取。轉換控制器連接所有上傳埠與連結佈線器，用 以依據指令解析之結果訊號與手動開關來切換多工器，轉 換控制器並於多工器切換完成後，送一開關控制訊號至所 有上傳埠（46a〜46η)，此控制訊號使上傳埠之電阻（64)先開 路(open)再閉路（close)，而造成先斷絕再連接之機制，使連 接上傳埠之主機分別對新的集線器埠和其他裝置璋重新認 定，其中只有接在集線器埠的主機認定其下接有集線器並 可使用此集線器下之裝置，其他接在裝置埠之主機認定其 下接一單純之USB裝置用以傳送要求使用集線器之指令至 連結佈線器（50)。 此外，本發明提出一種電腦系統，包括多數台電腦主 機、多邀台USB裝置與一 USB集線器。上述USB集線器 具有數個上傳埠與數個下傳埠，各上傳璋分別連接至各電 腦主機中，以及各下傳璋分別連接至各USB裝置中，且 USB集線器用以上傳由各USB裝置送來的資料及.下傳由各 電腦主機送來的資料。其中，在正常操作下’僅有一台電 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS > A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)470887 5484twf.doc / 006 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (/) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) The present invention relates to a USB hub, and in particular, to a USB hub with multiple upload ports. The USB hub that switches between different hosts and the computer system using the USB hub can switch its use right to the need at the appropriate time according to the requirements of different computer hosts and the choice of manual switching. Computer hosts using USB hubs , So that the computer host can control all USB device data access connected to the port under the USB hub. Since the development of personal computers of PC XT and PC AT by IBM, personal computers compatible with IBM PC have been widely used throughout the world. During this period, due to the advancement of semiconductor technology, the functions of personal computers have become more and more powerful, and more and more equipment is available. For example, the popularity of graphical operating systems, and the mouse (Mouse) have become necessary equipment. In order to print out data, a printer is almost necessary. With the development of the Internet, users at home need to use a modem (MODEM) to connect to the network, and to avoid computer crashes and work The results are put into practice. A large-capacity backup device is used to prepare data regularly, or if you want to store graphics in a computer, a scanner is also a commonly used device. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The above-mentioned devices have been on display since the development of personal computers. Until now, they have been very common and even necessary equipment. But because the development purpose of each device is different, and the environment is also different ’, when designing, different interfaces are used according to different considerations. By now, if you want to use all the equipment mentioned in a personal computer, the connection behind the computer will be very considerable, because almost every device uses a different interface, and some interfaces are now the standard for personal computers. Equipped with RS232 serial interface connected to a mouse or parallel interface connected to a printer. The paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 470887 5 4 84t \ vf. D〇c / 〇 〇6 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (Z) —1.--* 1 ·· -—-1 I (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). However, some interfaces require additional interface cards. For example, SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) interfaces are mostly used for connecting large-capacity standby devices, and SCSI interfaces require additional interface cards. In addition, some devices use a proprietary interface. For example, some scanners use a special proprietary interface. A dedicated interface card must be installed before use. Therefore, in a personal computer, many slots must be provided for installing various interface cards. After the entire system is connected, the connection behind the computer is also considerable and messy. Due to the above situation, the specification of the Universal Serial Bus (hereinafter referred to as USB) interface has been developed. It is an emerging transmission protocol. USB intends to unify the transmission method from the periphery to the host system, so that In the future, the peripherals and the host will be connected via USB to facilitate users to connect the peripherals and the host system. The Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ’employee consumer cooperative prints USB, hoping that all devices can be connected using a unified interface, which simplifies the installation of the system, and does not need to reserve too much space inside the computer to install various special interface cards The USB interface also has a Plug & Play function, that is, the personal computer can automatically detect the connected device and install the relevant driver for the user's use. In addition, the specification of the USB interface has the function of Hotplu (in). It can be used in the computer operation. The device can be connected. The computer host can automatically detect and install related programs. No need to shut down and restart. The boot-up steps will then allow users to use the newly connected peripherals. Similarly, when the peripheral device is removed, the host computer can also automatically detect and remove related programs to prevent users from running related programs and causing errors. This paper size applies to Zhongguanjia Standard (CNS) 8 4 Lin (21GX297 public envy) 470887 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5 4 8 4 tw Γ. D ο c / 0 0 6 Α7 __Β7 V. Description of the invention (3) Generally speaking, a USB system can only have one master. All other peripheral devices are slaves, usually the USB host controller (H0st c) in a personal computer (PC). 〇ntr〇iier) is the only master controller, and controls the transmission of all data. The host controller uses tokens and commands. USB is defined as Requests to control the reception and transmission of data between the main controller (pc) and the accessory (peripheral device). The USB hub (Hub) is a star topology between the USB host controller and the peripheral devices (USB devices). It is used to expand the key components of the peripherals. All USB devices (devices) ) Or nodes (such as keyboards, printers, etc.) must be connected to the downstream port of the hub or integrated in the hub. Generally, the hub has an upstream port connected to the root node hub (root hub) of the upper level hub or host controller, and there is more than one (including one) lower port to expand USB device nodes. The hub provides two main functions, one is Repeater: used to broadcast the data transmitted from the host to all USB devices on the enabled ports, and then repeat the data uploaded by the USB device in the upload The port is sent to the host; the other is the detection of connection and disconnection: the hub must detect the hot plug of the USB device and report it to the host to achieve the host hot plug and play (Hot Plug & Play). Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 ', which are schematic diagrams of a conventional computer system connection, respectively. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, 'All USB devices 1.4a ~ 14η are connected to the corresponding download ports 16a ~ 16η of the corresponding hubs 12a ~ 12f or are integrated I --- ϊ ------ -衣 ------ iT- · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 47088 5484tw • doc / 006 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention Description (γ) Mouth In the hub (such as the combination element 20 in Figure 2). The hubs 12a ~ 12f have a upload port 18a ~ 18f, and are connected to the upper-level hub or USB host controller 10 or the root node hub (r〇〇t Hub) i 1 of the host computer, as shown in Figure 1. As can be seen from Figure 2, since the USB host controller in the personal computer controls the transmission of data between all USB devices and the personal computer, for any USB device, it can only be used by the only personal computer, ㈢If another personal computer wants to use this USB device through a USB bus, it must be re-plugged into the root node hub or external hub of the other personal computer, so that the personal computer can gain control of the USB device. use. In order to solve the above problem, the current solution on the market is to provide a switch box to manually switch the USB device to the selected personal computer. The connection diagram of the computer system of this solution is shown in Figure 3. As shown, it includes personal computers 21 and 22, a conversion box 24, and a USB device 26. For example, the USB device 26 is currently used by the personal computer 21 'If the personal computer 22 wants to use the USB device 26, the switch on the conversion box 24 must be manually switched so that the USB device 26 is connected to the personal via the conversion box 24 The computer 22, then the personal computer 22 can use the USB device 26 °. However, according to the architecture shown in Figure 3 and its switching method, it has the following disadvantages: h Manual switching is inconvenient. 2. It is impossible to judge the appropriate timing of the switch, which may affect the application software function of the USB device being used. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) I — ^ —.--------- Order ------ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) 470887 5484twf. Doc / 0 06 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (burning) 3. An additional conversion box must be used, which is costly. 4. Extension cables (cables) and excessive sockets are prone to noise. I m In It m It »I— n m I (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 5. Violating the USB specification may cause the cable path from the USB device to the hub to exceed 5 meters. 6. · Only use single-USB device. Please refer to FIG. 4, which shows a connection diagram of a conventional computer system, including personal computers 31 and 32, a data swltcher 34, and USB devices 36a to 36c. The biggest difference between Figure 4 and Figure 3 is that through the data converter of Figure 4, 34 'can switch multiple USB devices 36a ~ 36c connected to the data converter 34 to a single personal computer at a time. However, it must be noted that when the data converter 34 is connected to only the three USB devices 36a to 36c, the personal computers 31 and 32 must use three USB cables 37a to 37c and 38a to 38c to connect to the data converter 34, respectively. . If the number of USB devices connected to the data converter 34 is large, the number of USB cables used between the personal computers 31, 32 and the data converter 34 is bound to be considerable. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs In view of this, the present invention proposes a USB hub with multiple upload ports and switchable between different hosts, including a plurality of upload ports, a plurality of download ports, a connection router, Conversion controller with traditional USB hub. These upload ports are used to provide actual links to different computer hosts, and all download ports are used to provide actual links to different USB devices. The link router is connected to all upload ports. It contains a command interpreter (74). This paper standard is common Chinese National Standard (CNS) from the threat (21〇 > < 297. Meal of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Intellectual Property Bureau, Employee Consumption Cooperative. Printed 470887. -'' 484twt.doc / 〇〇6 A7 B7 5. The invention description (ό) and multiplexer (72), the instruction interpreter is used to decode the instructions sent from individual computer hosts and respond to the relevant data to the computer host At the same time, the parsed result signal is sent to the conversion controller (52). According to this control signal, the conversion controller (52) switches the multiplexer (72) so that the upload port specified by the selection instruction is connected to the USB hub (54). The hub repeater (60), which is switched to be connected to the. The upload port of the hub repeater (60) is a hub 璋, the other unconnected are device ports, and the host computer connected to the hub port has a USB hub. Control right, and control data access of all USB devices connected to the port under the USB hub. The conversion controller is connected to all upload ports and link routers, and is used to switch according to the result of the command analysis result signal and manual switch Multiplexer, switch the controller and send a switch control signal to all upload ports (46a ~ 46η) after the multiplexer switch is completed. This control signal makes the resistance (64) of the upload port open (closed) and then closed ( close), causing the disconnection and reconnection mechanism, so that the host connected to the upload port re-identifies the new hub port and other devices, of which only the host connected to the hub port believes that a hub is connected to it and can use this hub Other devices, the other host connected to the device port determines that it is connected to a simple USB device to transmit a command requesting the use of a hub to the link router (50). In addition, the present invention proposes a computer system including a plurality of computer hosts Multi-invite a USB device and a USB hub. The above-mentioned USB hub has several upload ports and several download ports, each upload port is connected to each computer host, and each upload port is connected to each USB device, And the USB hub is used to upload the data sent by each USB device and download the data sent by each computer host. Among them, under normal operation, there is only one power supply. This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS > A4 size (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
470887 5484tvvt'.doc/006 A7 B7 五、發明説明（7) 腦主機具有USB集線器之使用權，代表此電腦主機可控制 所有接在USB集線器之下傳埠的USB裝置資料存取。當有 另一台電腦主機送出集線器要求指令給USB集線器，要求 使用USB集線器及控制USB集線器下接之USB裝置時， USB集線器會進入集線器仲裁狀態，並在適當時機後將其 .使用權轉交給此另一台電腦主機，此時該另一台電腦主機 即具有USB集線器之使用權，並可控制所有接在USB集線 器之下傳埠的USB裝置資料存取，達到不同電腦主機切換 使用USB集線器之目的。另，USB集線器可具有手動切換 開關’經由控制此手動切換開關也可達到不同電腦主機切 換使用USB集線器之目的。 本發明提出之USB集線器，由於具有多個上傳埠且本 身具有切換與仲裁功能，故可依據不同電腦主機之要求與 手動切換之選擇，在適當時機將其使用權切換給需使用 USB集線器之電腦主機，使電腦主機可控制所有接在USB 集線器之下傳埠的USB裝置資料存取，換言之，本發明依 據USB集線器之下傳埠的數量多寡，可一次切換使用多個 USB裝置。因此，本發明可經由電腦軟體控制選擇切換之 電腦主機，並可達到自動切換的功能’且軟體可判斷目前 正被使用之USB裝置是否允許切換，避免影響其應用功 能。同時，將傳統資料轉換器之功能與USB集線器整合， 可有效節省成本，並且無電纜過長之憂慮，可避免切換造 成的雜訊。 爲讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、和優點能更明 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） — -- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 部 智 慧 財 產 局 員 工 消 費 合 作 社 印 製 470887 5 4 8 41 \v t . d 〇 c / () 0 6 A7 五、發明説明（分） 顯易懂，下文特舉較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細 說明如下： (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 圖式之簡單說明： 〃第1圖繪示的是習知一種電腦系統的連接示意圖； I第2圖繪示的是習知另一種電腦系統的連接示意圖； •第3圖繪示的是習知再一種電腦系統的連接示意圖； 、第4圖繪示的是習知又一種電腦系統的連接示意圖； '第5圖繪示的是依照本發明一較佳實施例的一種使用 具有多個上傳埠之USB集線器，並可在不同電腦主機間切 換之電腦系統的連接示意圖； 、.第6圖繪示的是依照第5圖之具有多上傳埠之USB集 線器44的詳細結構圖； ..第7圖繪示的是依照第6圖之傳統USB集線器54的 目羊細結構圖； :第8圖繪示的是依照第6圖之USB集線器44之每一 上傳埠的詳細結構圖； u第9圖繪示的是依照第6圖之USB集線器44之連結 佈線器的詳細結構圖；以及 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 v第10屬繪示的是依照第6圖之USB集線器44之轉換 控制器的ί羊細結構圖。 圖式之標號說明： 10、50a〜50n : USB主機控制器 11 =根部節點集線器 12a〜12f :集線器 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2Η>X297公釐） 470887 54 84t\vf.doc/006 A7 B7 五、發明説明（y) 14a〜14η、26、36a〜36c、42a〜42n : USB 裝置 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 16a〜16η :下傳埠 18a〜18f :上傳埠 20 :組合元件 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 2卜22、31、32、40a〜40η :個人電腦 24:轉換盒 34 =資料轉換器 37a〜37c、38a〜38c : USB 電纜 44 :本發明之具有多上傳埠之USB集線器 46a〜46η _·上傳埠 48a〜48η :下傳埠 50 __連結佈線器 52 :轉換控制器 54 :傳統USB集線器 60 :集線器中繼器 62 :集線器控制器 64 :電阻 66 : USB收發器 68 : USB訊號端DP 70 : USB訊號端DM 72 :多工器 74 :指令解譯器 76 :組合邏輯控制器 實施例 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐〉 470887 A7 5484tvvf.doc/006 五、發明説明（〜） 爲了有效解決多台個人電腦切換使用多個USB裝置 所面臨的問題，並且由於所有的USB裝置都必須經由集線 器再往上接至使用此USB裝置之個人電腦（ρ〇，因此本發 明乃利用此一特性，提供一個含有多個上傳埠之集線器， 並透過內建於此集線器中之轉換控制器與個別PC中之控 .制軟體來選擇切換何者使用集線器，並控制和使用接上此 集線器之USB裝置，其相關描述將於下詳細討論。 請參照第5圖，其繪示的是依照本發明一較佳實施例 的一種使用具有多個上傳埠之USB集線器，並可在不同電 腦主機間切換之電腦系統的連接示意圖。 本發明之電腦系統的組成要件主要包括多數台個人 電腦40a〜40η、多數個USB裝置42a〜42η與一具有多上傳埠 之USB集線器44，其中任一 USB裝置42a〜42η可以是鍵 盤、滑鼠、印表機…等週邊裝置。USB集線器44具有多數 個上傳埠46a〜46η與多數個下傳埠48a〜48η。每一個人電腦 40a〜4Qn分別透過其內部之USB主機控制器50a〜50η連接至 USB集線器44之一上傳ί阜46a〜46η，以及每一 USB裝置 42a〜42η分別連接至USB集線器44之一下傳埠48a〜48η， 如第5圖所示。 請參照第6圖，其繪示的是依照第5圖之具有多上傳 埠之USB集線器44的詳細結構圖。 如先前所述，USB集線器44具有多數個上傳墙 46a〜46η與多數個下傳埠48a〜48η，其中上傳埠46a〜46η可 被轉換控制器52控制其斷絕/連接之時序，USB集線器44 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210χ297公釐） -- - -- 1*- - 』 - .^^1 ϋ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 470887 5484tut'.d〇c/0 06 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（//) 係由一連結佈線器（link routei〇50、一轉換控制器52與一傳 統USB集線器54所組成。連結佈線器50連接USB集線器 44之上傳埠46a〜46η '轉換控制器52與傳統USB集線器 54。轉換控制器52控制上傳璋46a〜46η之斷絕、連接時序， 且其可經由外部之手動切換來改變其控制狀態。 請參照第7圖’其繪示的是依照第6圖之傳統USB集 線器54的詳細結構圖。 USB集線器54係由一集線器中繼器60與一集線器控 制器62所組成，且兩者相互連接。集線器中繼器60之功 能爲上傳由下傳瑋48a〜48ri送來的資料’以及下傳由連結 佈線器50(第6圖）送來之表徵、指令及資料。集線器控制 器62提供USB集線器54之狀態給電腦主機(例如第5圖之 個人電腦40a)，電腦主機依據USB集線器54之不同狀態 控制下傳埠48a〜48η。 請參照第8圖，其繪7Κ的是依照第6圖之U S Β集線器 44之每一上傳埠46a〜46η的詳細結構圖。 在第8圖中，以上傳埠46a爲例來說明。USB集線器 44之上傳埠46a包括一電阻64、一 USB收發器66、訊號 端DP 68與訊號端DM 70。電阻64之兩端分別耦接至一電 壓源VDD與訊號端DP 68,且電阻64接收來自轉換控制器 52之一〇N/〇FF控制信號，並依據此ΟΝ/OFF控制信號來 決定上傳埠46a之連接狀態，其中ON代表連接(connection) 而OFF代表斷絕（disconnection)，以及電阻64之.阻値例如 是丨·5Κ歐姆（Ω)，電壓源VDD之電壓値例如是3.3伏特 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 丁470887 5484tvvt'.doc / 006 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (7) The host computer has the right to use a USB hub, which means that this computer host can control the access of all USB devices connected to the port under the USB hub. When another host computer sends a hub request command to the USB hub, requiring the use of the USB hub and controlling the USB devices connected to the USB hub, the USB hub will enter the hub arbitration state, and transfer the right to use it when appropriate. This other computer host, at this time, the other computer host has the right to use the USB hub, and can control the access of all USB device data connected to the port under the USB hub, so that different computer hosts can switch to use the USB hub. Purpose. In addition, the USB hub may have a manual switch ′ By controlling this manual switch, the purpose of switching the USB hub between different computer hosts can also be achieved. The USB hub proposed by the present invention has multiple upload ports and has switching and arbitration functions. Therefore, according to the requirements of different computer hosts and the choice of manual switching, it can switch its use right to a computer that requires a USB hub at an appropriate time. The host computer allows the host computer to control data access of all USB devices connected to the ports under the USB hub. In other words, the present invention can switch and use multiple USB devices at one time according to the number of ports under the USB hub. Therefore, the present invention can control the selected computer host through computer software control, and can achieve the function of automatic switching ', and the software can determine whether the currently used USB device allows the switching to avoid affecting its application function. At the same time, integrating the functions of traditional data converters with USB hubs can effectively save costs, and there are no concerns about excessive cable lengths, which can avoid noise caused by switching. In order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)--(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Employees' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ordering Department 470887 5 4 8 41 \ vt. D oc / () 0 6 A7 V. Description of the invention (minutes) It is easy to understand. The following exemplifies the preferred embodiment and cooperates with the attached The diagram is described in detail as follows: (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) A brief description of the diagram: 〃 Figure 1 shows a connection diagram of a known computer system; I Figure 2 shows Figure 3 shows a connection diagram of another computer system. Figure 3 shows a connection diagram of another computer system. Figure 4 shows a connection diagram of another computer system. Figure 5 shows a connection diagram of a computer system using a USB hub with multiple upload ports and switching between different computer hosts according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 shows a According to Fig. 5 is a detailed structure diagram of a USB hub 44 with multiple upload ports; Fig. 7 shows a detailed structure diagram of a conventional USB hub 54 according to Fig. 6; Fig. 8 shows a diagram according to Figure 6 shows the detailed structure of each upload port of the USB hub 44; u Figure 9 shows the detailed structure of the connection and wiring device of the USB hub 44 according to Figure 6; and the consumption of employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The 10th genus printed by the cooperative shows the detailed structure diagram of the conversion controller of the USB hub 44 according to FIG. 6. Description of drawing numbers: 10, 50a ~ 50n: USB host controller 11 = root node hub 12a ~ 12f: hub This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2Η > X297 mm) 470887 54 84t \ vf .doc / 006 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (y) 14a ~ 14η, 26, 36a ~ 36c, 42a ~ 42n: USB device (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 16a ~ 16η: download port 18a ~ 18f: Upload port 20: Printed by the Consumer Property Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Combined Components, 22, 31, 32, 40a ~ 40η: Personal computer 24: Conversion box 34 = Data converter 37a ~ 37c, 38a ~ 38c: USB cable 44: USB hub 46a ~ 46η with multiple upload ports according to the present invention _ · Upload port 48a ~ 48η: Downstream port 50 __Connector 52: Conversion controller 54: Traditional USB hub 60: Hub repeater 62: Hub Controller 64: Resistor 66: USB Transceiver 68: USB Signal Terminal DP 70: USB Signal Terminal DM 72: Multiplexer 74: Command Interpreter 76: Combination Logic Controller Example This paper standard is applicable to China Standard (CNS) A4 size (210X297 mm) 470887 A 7 5484tvvf.doc / 006 V. Description of the Invention (~) In order to effectively solve the problem that multiple personal computers switch to use multiple USB devices, and because all USB devices must be connected to the USB device through the hub, Personal computer (ρ〇, therefore, the present invention uses this feature to provide a hub with multiple upload ports, and select the switch through the conversion controller built in this hub and the control software in individual PCs. Which one uses a hub and controls and uses a USB device connected to the hub will be discussed in detail below. Please refer to FIG. 5, which shows a method of using multiple devices according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the connection of a USB hub in the upload port and a computer system that can be switched between different computer hosts. The components of the computer system of the present invention mainly include a plurality of personal computers 40a to 40η, a plurality of USB devices 42a to 42η, and one having multiple The USB hub 44 of the upload port, any of the USB devices 42a to 42η may be a keyboard, a mouse, a printer, etc. peripheral devices. The device 44 has a plurality of upload ports 46a ~ 46η and a plurality of download ports 48a ~ 48η. Each personal computer 40a ~ 4Qn is connected to one of the USB hubs 44 through its internal USB host controllers 50a ~ 50η and uploads 46a ~ 46η, and each USB device 42a ~ 42η is connected to one of the USB hub 44's downstream ports 48a ~ 48η, as shown in FIG. Please refer to FIG. 6, which shows a detailed structure diagram of the USB hub 44 with multiple upload ports according to FIG. 5. As mentioned earlier, the USB hub 44 has a plurality of upload walls 46a ~ 46η and a plurality of download ports 48a ~ 48η, of which the upload ports 46a ~ 46η can be controlled by the conversion controller 52 for its disconnection / connection timing. The USB hub 44 has Paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210x297 mm)---1 *--』-. ^^ 1 ϋ (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Order the intellectual property of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the employee's consumer cooperative of the Bureau 470887 5484tut'.d〇c / 0 06 A7 B7 Printed by the employee's consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (//) A link router (link routei〇50, a conversion The controller 52 is composed of a conventional USB hub 54. The connection router 50 connects the upload ports 46a to 46n of the USB hub 44 to the conversion controller 52 and the traditional USB hub 54. The conversion controller 52 controls the disconnection of the uploads 46a to 46n, The connection sequence, and it can change its control state by external manual switching. Please refer to Figure 7 ', which shows the detailed structure diagram of the traditional USB hub 54 according to Figure 6. The USB hub 54 is implemented by a hub Repeater 60 and a hub controller 62, and the two are connected to each other. The function of the hub repeater 60 is to upload the data sent by the relay 48a ~ 48ri 'and the relay by the link router 50 (Figure 6) Characterization, instructions and information sent. The hub controller 62 provides the status of the USB hub 54 to the host computer (such as the personal computer 40a in FIG. 5). The host computer controls the transmission ports 48a to 48η according to the different states of the USB hub 54. Please refer to Fig. 8, which depicts a detailed structure diagram of each upload port 46a ~ 46η of the US B hub 44 according to Fig. 6. In Fig. 8, the upload port 46a is taken as an example. USB hub The upload port 46a of 44 includes a resistor 64, a USB transceiver 66, a signal terminal DP 68, and a signal terminal DM 70. The two ends of the resistor 64 are respectively coupled to a voltage source VDD and a signal terminal DP 68, and the resistor 64 receives from Switch one of the ON / OFF control signals of the controller 52, and determine the connection status of the upload port 46a according to the ON / OFF control signal, where ON represents connection and OFF represents disconnection, and the resistance of 64 Resistance is, for example, 5K Farm (Ω), voltage of the voltage source VDD is 3.3 volts, for example, Zhi (Read Notes on the back and then fill the page) but
I 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) M規格（210X297公釐） 470887 5 4 84twi'.doc/0 0 6 五 ___ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 發明説明（/2) (V)。USB收發器66之一端連接至連結佈線器50，另一端 連接至訊號端DP 68與訊號端DM 70，用以接收來自連結 佈線器50(或訊號端68、70)的資料訊息，並將此資料訊息 傳送至連接端68、70(或連結佈線器50)。 換言之，USB集線器44之每一上傳埠46a〜46η用以提 供實際之連結至不同個人電腦40a〜40η之USB主機控制器 50a〜50η，且每一上傳埠46a〜46η內含有一連接/斷絕之機 制，由轉換控制器52控制不同上傳埠46a〜46η之連接或斷 絕。而USB集線器44之每一下傳埠48a〜48η則用以提供實 際之連結至USB裝置42a〜42η，且每一下傳埠42a〜42η內含 有一裝置附力Q/分離（attach/detach)偵測線路（未繪示出），如 熟習者所知，用以判斷下傳埠48a〜48η之狀態並通知主機 控制器作爲埠狀態之更新。 請參照第9圖，其繪示的是依照第6圖之本發明USB 集線器44之連結佈線器50的詳細結構圖。 連結佈線器50包括一多工器(MUX)72與一指令解譯 益（Command Parser)74。多工器72連結於上傳ί阜46a〜46η 與傳統USB集線器54間，此Ν選一之多工器72由轉換控 制器52之輸出控制，被選擇到之上傳埠46a〜46η稱爲集線 器埠（Hub port)，其他則稱爲裝置璋（Device port)。集線器埠 所接之USB主機控制器擁有USB集線器44之控制權，並 控制所有接在此USB集線器44之下傳埠48a〜48η的USB 裝置42a〜42η資料存取。指令解譯器74用以解碼裝置埠和 集線器埠從各個人電腦40a〜40η之主機控制器50a〜50η送來 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)I This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) M specification (210X297 mm) 470887 5 4 84twi'.doc / 0 0 6 5 ___ Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy Employees Cooperatives A7 B7 Invention Description (/ 2) (V). One end of the USB transceiver 66 is connected to the link router 50, and the other end is connected to the signal terminal DP 68 and the signal terminal DM 70 to receive data messages from the link router 50 (or the signal terminals 68 and 70), and The data message is transmitted to the connection terminals 68, 70 (or the link router 50). In other words, each upload port 46a ~ 46η of the USB hub 44 is used to provide an actual USB host controller 50a ~ 50η connected to a different personal computer 40a ~ 40η, and each upload port 46a ~ 46η contains a connection / disconnection Mechanism, the switching controller 52 controls the connection or disconnection of different upload ports 46a to 46n. Each download port 48a ~ 48η of the USB hub 44 is used to provide an actual connection to the USB device 42a ~ 42η, and each download port 42a ~ 42η contains a device attached Q / detach detection The line (not shown), as known to those skilled in the art, is used to determine the status of the downstream ports 48a to 48η and notify the host controller to update the port status. Please refer to FIG. 9, which shows a detailed structural diagram of the connection and wiring device 50 of the USB hub 44 according to the present invention according to FIG. 6. The link router 50 includes a multiplexer (MUX) 72 and a command parser 74. The multiplexer 72 is connected between the upload 46a ~ 46η and the traditional USB hub 54. The multiplexer 72 selected by this N is controlled by the output of the conversion controller 52. The selected upload port 46a ~ 46η is called the hub port. (Hub port), others are called device ports. Hub port The connected USB host controller has the control right of the USB hub 44 and controls the data access of all USB devices 42a to 42η connected to the ports 48a to 48η under this USB hub 44. The instruction interpreter 74 is used to decode the device port and the hub port sent from the host controllers 50a to 50η of each personal computer 40a to 40η (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Μ規格（210Χ297公釐） 470887 A7 5484tvvr.doc/()〇6 五、發明説明（/多） 的指令，並回應相關的資料給主機控制器50a〜50η，同時， 指令解譯器74會將解析之結果送至轉換控制器52作爲控 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 制之部分依據。 請參照第10圖，其繪示的是依照第6圖之本發明USB 集線器44之轉換控制器52的詳細結構圖。 轉換控制器52經由其內部之組合邏輯控制器76接收 指令解譯器74之結果加上手動切換之選擇，產生控制多工 器72之訊號來決定何者是集線器埠，同時輸出控制信號至 上傳埠46a〜46η，並在集線器璋、裝置培切換時，對相關之 埠做斷絕/連接之控制。 本發明之實施方法將詳細描述於下，並請同時配合參 照第5圖至第10圖。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 在完成電源開啓（power on)或重設（reset)之起始化 (InitiaHzation)動作之後，所有的上傳埠46a〜46η爲連接狀 態。之後，轉換控制器52依據手動切換之設定(亦即選擇 第10圖之S0〜SN其中之一），控制連結佈線器50中之多工 器72選擇上傳璋46a〜46η其中之一爲集線器璋(例如上傳璋 46a)，此集線器埠46a連結之USB主機控制器50a控制經 由多工器72連結之USB集線器54，此時USB主機控制器 50a所屬之個人電腦40a具有USB集線器54之使用權，並 控制USB集線器54所連接USB裝置48a〜48η資料之傳輸。 此外，手動切換爲可選擇的（optional)，當無手動切換時， 轉換控制器52可預設某一上傳埠（例如上傳埠46a)爲集線 器埠，欲使用USB集線器44之個人電腦必須連接至此手 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21〇 X 297公釐） 470887 54 84 twf. doc/006 人 7 B7 五、發明説明（/^ 動切換設定或預設之上傳埠。 當接至集線器璋之USB主機控制器使用USB集線器 44時’指令解譯器74接收經裝置埠送來之指令並回應相 關之訊息給此裝置埠上接之USB主機控制器，使USB主機 .控制器視指令解譯器74爲單一之USB裝置，並可分辨個 別個人電腦送來的指令。若其中之一個人電腦（例如個人電 腦40η)欲使用USB集線器44及控制USB集線器44下接之 USB裝置48a〜48η時，其USB主機控制器50η送出一特別 之1曰节（集線益要求指令HRQ)給指令解譯器74，指令解譯 器74解析個人電腦40η送來之集線器要求指令後進入集線 器仲裁狀態（HARB)，並回應此狀態給所有的USB主機控制 器50a〜50η。接著，個人電腦40a判斷切換USB集線器44 之適當時機後，送出另一特別之指令（集線器確認指令 HACK)給指令解譯器74,指令解譯器74將指令及狀態轉換 成控制信號（HRQ/HACK/HARB)給轉換控制器52控制USB 集線器44之切換。 當個人電腦40η產生之HRQ指令啓動（active)後，且 個人電腦40a產生之HACK指令啓動時，轉換控制器52對 上傳埠46a與46η做斷絕動作後，控制多工器72切換至上 傳埠46η，最後再將上傳埠46a與46η做連接動作。經過多 工器72切換後重新連接USB主機控制器50a、50η之上傳 璋46a與46η，達到集線器璋與裝置璋互換之目的。同時， 個人電腦40η上之USB主機控制器50η取得USB集線器44 之所有權，並控制USB集線器44下接之USB裝置 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標隼（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) rThis paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) M specification (210 × 297 mm) 470887 A7 5484tvvr.doc / () 〇6. Instructions for the invention (/ multiple), and respond to the relevant information to the host controller 50a ~ 50η At the same time, the instruction interpreter 74 will send the analysis result to the conversion controller 52 as part of the control (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Please refer to FIG. 10, which shows a detailed structural diagram of the conversion controller 52 of the USB hub 44 according to the present invention according to FIG. 6. The conversion controller 52 receives the result of the instruction interpreter 74 through its internal combination logic controller 76 plus the option of manual switching, generates a signal to control the multiplexer 72 to determine which is the hub port, and outputs a control signal to the upload port. 46a ~ 46η, and control the disconnection / connection of related ports when the hub is switched and the device is switched. The implementation method of the present invention will be described in detail below, and please refer to FIG. 5 to FIG. 10 at the same time. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs After completing the power on or reset initiaHzation operation, all upload ports 46a ~ 46η are connected. After that, the conversion controller 52 controls the multiplexer 72 in the connection router 50 to select one of the uploading ports 46a to 46n as a hub according to the manual switching setting (that is, selecting one of S0 to SN in FIG. 10). (For example, upload 46a), the USB host controller 50a connected to the hub port 46a controls the USB hub 54 connected via the multiplexer 72. At this time, the personal computer 40a to which the USB host controller 50a belongs has the right to use the USB hub 54. And control the data transmission of the USB devices 48a ~ 48η connected to the USB hub 54. In addition, manual switching is optional. When there is no manual switching, the conversion controller 52 can preset a certain upload port (such as upload port 46a) as a hub port. A personal computer that wants to use the USB hub 44 must be connected to this. The size of the notebook paper is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (21〇X 297 mm) 470887 54 84 twf. Doc / 006 Person 7 B7 V. Description of the invention (/ ^ The settings or preset upload port can be switched automatically. When When the USB host controller connected to the hub uses the USB hub 44, the 'command interpreter 74 receives the command sent through the device port and responds to the relevant message to the USB host controller connected to the device port to enable the USB host to control. The device interprets the instruction interpreter 74 as a single USB device, and can distinguish the instructions sent by individual personal computers. If one of the personal computers (such as personal computer 40η) wants to use the USB hub 44 and control the USB devices connected to the USB hub 44 From 48a to 48η, its USB host controller 50η sends a special 1st section (collective line request command HRQ) to the command interpreter 74, and the command interpreter 74 analyzes the hub request sent by the personal computer 40η After requesting instructions, it enters the hub arbitration state (HARB), and responds to this state to all USB host controllers 50a to 50η. Then, the personal computer 40a judges the appropriate timing for switching the USB hub 44 and sends another special command (confirmation by the hub) Instruction HACK) to the instruction interpreter 74, the instruction interpreter 74 converts the instructions and status into control signals (HRQ / HACK / HARB) to the conversion controller 52 to control the switching of the USB hub 44. When the HRQ instruction is generated by the personal computer 40η After being activated and when the HACK instruction generated by the personal computer 40a is activated, the conversion controller 52 switches off the upload ports 46a and 46η, and then controls the multiplexer 72 to switch to the upload port 46η. Finally, the upload port 46a and 46η is connected. After the multiplexer 72 is switched, the USB host controllers 50a and 50η are reconnected to upload 46a and 46η to achieve the purpose of interchange of the hub 璋 and device 璋. At the same time, the USB host controller 50η on the personal computer 40η Obtain ownership of USB hub 44 and control USB devices connected to USB hub 44. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the back of the precautions to fill out this page) r
I 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 470887 ^ 4 84lwf. doc/006 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ο 48a〜48η，達成不同個人電腦（4〇a、40η)切換使用USB集線 器44之目的。 對於USB主機控制器之實施步驟如下所述。USB主機 控制器先判斷本身是否已控制USB集線器44，若是，則當 另一 USB主機控制器要求使用USB集線器44時，會使轉 換控制器52進入仲裁狀態，並通知個人電腦。此時，個人 電腦決定是否可被切換，若是允許被切換的話，則送出集 線器確認指令HACK通知轉換控制器52做切換。反之，若 不允許被切換的話，則先將USB集線器44下接之USB裝 置48a〜48η之驅動程式（driver)卸載(unload)，或對相關之應 用軟體做必要之處理。 若此一USB主機控制器目前不控制USB集線器44， 可於應用軟體的控制下決定是否提出USB集線器44之要 求’而提出之條件、時間可依使用者設定配合轉換控制器 52達到自動切換的功能。另，在送出集線器要求指令HRQ 之前，需先判斷轉換控制器52是否正處於仲裁狀態，以避 免要求信號被錯失（miss)。 對於轉換控制器52之實施步驟如下所述。轉換控制 器52內有一計時器（未繪示出），用以計時在手動切換指定 或預設之上傳埠上，是否接上USB主機控制器，若無，則 該上傳瑋無法於計時超過一段時間（Timeout)內收到指令， 表示上傳埠未接到任何USB主機控制器或USB主機控制器 接在非指定之埠上。轉換控制器52即進行所有上傳埠 46a〜46η反覆搜尋之動作，若USB主機控制器接在另一上 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21〇><297公釐） -----Γ--ί---0 I — (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)I Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 470887 ^ 4 84lwf. Doc / 006 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (ο 48a ~ 48η, to achieve the purpose of switching between different personal computers (40a, 40η) using the USB hub 44. The implementation steps for the USB host controller are as follows. The USB host controller first determines whether it has controlled the USB hub 44. If so, when another USB host controller requests the use of the USB hub 44, it will cause the conversion controller 52 to enter Arbitrate the status and notify the personal computer. At this time, the personal computer decides whether it can be switched, and if it is allowed to be switched, it sends a hub confirmation command HACK to notify the conversion controller 52 to perform the switching. Otherwise, if it is not allowed to be switched, first Unload the drivers of the USB devices 48a ~ 48η connected to the USB hub 44 or perform necessary processing on related application software. If this USB host controller does not currently control the USB hub 44, it can be used at Under the control of the application software, it is determined whether to make a request for the USB hub 44 ', and the conditions and time can be adjusted according to the user settings. 52 achieves the function of automatic switching. In addition, before sending out the hub request command HRQ, it is necessary to determine whether the conversion controller 52 is in an arbitration state to avoid the request signal being missed. The implementation steps for the conversion controller 52 are as follows There is a timer (not shown) in the conversion controller 52, which is used to count whether the USB host controller is connected to the designated or preset upload port manually. If not, the upload ca n’t be counted. If the command is received within a period of time (Timeout), it means that the upload port is not connected to any USB host controller or the USB host controller is connected to a non-designated port. The conversion controller 52 performs all the search of the upload ports 46a ~ 46η repeatedly. Action, if the USB host controller is connected to another paper size, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇 > < 297 mm) ----- Γ--ί --- 0 I — (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)
、1T 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五____ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 470887 5484t\vf.doc/006 八7 發明説明（4) 傳璋或者中途才被接上’則搜尋動作能正確將其設定爲集1T printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ____ 5 printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 470887 5484t \ vf.doc / 006 8 7 Description of the invention Search action correctly sets it as a collection
線器璋(46a)，並使用USB集線器44。在集線器埠使用USB 集線器44時，其他裝置埠（46η)可經由軟體控制自動或由使 用者指定由USB主機控制器5〇η送出集線器要求指令 HRQ，經由轉換控制器52、USB主機控制器5〇a與5〇η之 互動而切換USB集線器44之使用權。 上述轉換控制器52實行的方法，可以是微控制器或 硬體結合控制邏輯，以及指令解譯器74實行的方法，可以 是微控制器或硬體狀態機制。 綜上所述，本發明具有以下的優點： 1. 經由軟體控制選擇切換之個人電腦，並可達到自 動切換的功能。 2. 軟體可判斷目前正被使用之USB裝置是否允許切 換，避兔影響其應用功能。 3. 將傳統資料轉換器之功能與USB集線器整合，可 有效節省成本1 ° 4. 無電纜過長之憂慮，並可避免切換造成的雜訊。 5. 依據集線器下傳埠的數量多寡，可一次切換多個 USB 裝®。 雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以 限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神 和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾’因此本發明之保護 範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者爲準。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)USB hub (46a), and a USB hub 44 is used. When the USB hub 44 is used in the hub port, other device ports (46η) can be controlled by software automatically or specified by the user. The USB host controller 5〇η sends the hub request command HRQ, via the conversion controller 52, the USB host controller 5 〇a and 50n interact to switch the right to use the USB hub 44. The method implemented by the conversion controller 52 may be a microcontroller or a combination of hardware and control logic, and the method implemented by the instruction interpreter 74 may be a microcontroller or a hardware state mechanism. In summary, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The personal computer that selects to switch through software control can achieve the function of automatic switching. 2. The software can determine whether the USB device currently being used is allowed to be switched to avoid rabbits from affecting its application functions. 3. Integrate the functions of the traditional data converter with a USB hub, which can effectively save costs 1 ° 4. No worry about excessive cable length, and avoid noise caused by switching. 5. Depending on the number of hub download ports, multiple USB devices can be switched at one time. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and retouches without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention The scope of protection shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)
( CNS ) Α4· ( 210X297公釐〉(CNS) Α4 · (210X297 mm)