470831 A7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（/ ) <發明之背景> 本發明係關於—種傳動裝置，特別是，一種用於陸用 車輛之傳動裝置β 本發明更特別是關於，但不限於，一種自動傳動裝置 ’而該裝置傳動比的切換、特別是關於傳動比之漸進切換 的品質已得到改善，且在長期使用後，這種傳動比切換仍 有很高的均一性。 在傳動裝置裏，特別是自動傳動裝置，傳動比之切換 是藉由啓動選擇聯結裝置並關閉其它的選擇聯結裝置來達 成的。這些選擇聯結裝置能夠是離合器或刹車，這些特別 是多片式離合器或多片式刹車。 傳動比切換之品質，更特別是傳動比切換之順暢性， 是特別依賴對活動構件之動作的良好控制，此類活動構件 舉例來說爲一多片式離合器一一將鎖緊盤片之堆疊。在某 些用途裏’此類之鎖緊構件也是一個扭力傳動構件，該扭 力傳動構件經由鍵槽作相對於另一傳動構件之滑動動作， 譬如，相對於該傳動裝置的外殼快速軸向移動。 根據本發明，已證明：這些鍵槽即使已普遍地使用， 事實上顯示有極多的壞處和缺點。 若它們是沿小直徑的周緣設置，需給它們大的軸向長 度，以便對滑動動作有正確的導引，且使鍵槽側邊之間的 壓力不會超過一個預定的極限値。藉由將鍵槽設置在大直 徑的周緣上，可以在某些程度上克服這些困難，但是聯結 器的成本、重量、和徑向尺寸變得過高。另外，鍵槽磨損 4 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 丨裝--------訂---------^ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 470831 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（Ό ，開始產生晃動，而隨著使用日久，提供的導引日漸劣化 ，以致在此類鍵槽裏的滑動動作引起的傳動比切換品質將 隨著該傳動裝置的老化而變差。 本發明之目的提供一種特別是用於陸用車輛之傳動裝 置，在該傳動裝置裏，當裝置新的時候，其傳動比切換品 質得到改善，且在裝置老化時，仍能維持良好的傳動比切 換品質。 根據本發明，該傳動裝置，特別是用於陸用車輛，包 含： —一 扭力傳動構件，該扭力傳動構件包含一個旋轉 輸入構件和一個旋轉輸出構件； 一一 一個選擇聯結機構，該選擇聯結機構係安裝在 兩個扭力傳動構件之間； ---一個輪齒組合，該輪齒組合藉由與至少某些扭 力傳動構件相嚙合的方式連結，且在輸入構件和輸出構件 之間形成兩個傳動比，該兩個傳動比視選擇聯結機構是否 在聯結狀態或是在釋放狀態而決定爲那一個傳動比； 並且，其中， ——一個第一傳動構件是被裝設來由軸向位移來控 制選擇聯結機構的狀態；及 --在前述的第一傳動構件和第二傳動構件間，安 裝有轉動中具有相對軸向位移的可能性之連接構件。 其特徵爲該連接機構係屬於一種對於第一傳動構件相 對於第二傳動構件之軸向位移基本上沒有摩擦力之類型。 5 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐〉 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 470831 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產扇員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（1) 根據本#明的第一實施例，該聯結機構包含至少一個 可變形元件，該可變形元件具有一平行於軸線的可變動尺 寸0 這個彈性元件傳遞軸心之旋轉扭力，同時容許第二傳 動構件相對於第二傳動構件軸線地位移，而在此位移期間 ，在第一和第二傳動構件間沒有明顯的摩擦力存在。 根據本發明之第二種實施例，該聯結機構係屬於一種 滾輪類型。 被安裝用來在第一導軌和第二導軌間滾轉的元件將旋 轉扭力從第一導軌傳遞到另一導軌。其中第一導軌是該第 一傳動構件的一部份，而第二導軌爲該第二傳動構件的一 部份。此處，再一次地，在這兩個傳動構件間的任何明顯 摩擦力’在它們間作相對位移運動期間已被消除掉。 本發明的其它特徵和優點將可由以下非限定之實施例 的說明中呈現出來。 <隨附圖式之簡單說明> 在附圖裏： 圖1爲一馬達傳動組沿縱長軸線方向剖切之圖解半視 圖’該馬達傳動組包含有一個馬達和一個根據本發明之具 有兩個傳動比的傳動裝置，該傳動裝置係在靜止之分離狀 態。 圖2是一個類似圖1之視圖，但係關於該傳動裝置之 減速操作。 圖3是一沿著圖1和圖2之傳動裝置橫向剖切之圖解 6 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) I --------^ -----I I I » ^ 本紙張尺度顧中國(CNS)A4規格⑵〇 χ 297公髮） 470831 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（*f) 部份視圖，顯示第一具體實施例的可變形的聯結裝置。 圖4是一大體沿著圖3之I V— I V線剖切的視圖。 圖5是這些葉片變化實施例的縱長軸向的剖視圖。 圖6是聯結機構第二具體實施例的軸向之部份剖面視 圖。 圖7說明聯結機構第三具體實施例的兩個變化應用例 沿軸向之半剖面視圖。 圖8是顯示聯結機構的第四具體實施例之軸向的部份 剖面視圖。 圖9、圖1 1和圖1 5是沿軸向剖切的剖面視圖，顯 示該聯結機構的另外三個具體實施例。 圖1 0、圖1 2和圖1 6分別是圖9、圖1 1和圖1 5之具體實施例沿橫斷方向剖切之剖面視圖。 圖1 3是沿著圖1 2的X I I I — X I I I剖切線剖 切之剖面視圖。 圖14是一滾針扣持罩殻的立體透視圖。 圖17是圖15和圖16所示的截頭滾輪具體實施例 的立體透視圖。 圖18是圖17所示的滾輪的頂視圖。 圖19是圖15所示的具體實施例之變化應用例的沿 軸向剖切之剖面視圖。 圖2 0是圖1 6所示的裝置之變化應用例的橫斷方向 之剖面視圖。 圖2 1係一個顯示滾輪扣持機構的部份端視圖。 7 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） I n a^i .^1 I n n I — I n d n n 一OJI n l n n I (請先閱讀背面之注音？事項再填寫本頁) 470831 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（<) 圖2 2是沿著圖2 1的X X I I — X X I I剖切線剖 切的剖面視圖。 圖2 3是顯示該扣持機構的另一具體實施例的部份正 面視圖。 圖2 4是顯示圖2 3的扣持機構的一個部份立體透視 圖。 <圖號說明> _____________ -裝·-------訂---------城 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再瑱寫本頁) ____ (2a) 輸入軸桿 (2b) 輸出軸桿 (4 ) 殻體 (5 ) 引擎 (7 ) 行星齒輪系 (8 ) 冠形齒輪 (9 ) 恒星齒輪 (11) 行星齒輪 (12) 主軸線 (13) 行星齒輪支持器 (14) 偏心軸頸 (16) 自由輪裝置 (17) 聯結裝置 (17a) 第一傳動構件 (17b) 第二傳動構件 (18) 多片式離合器 (19) 離合器圓盤470831 A7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the Invention (/) < Background of the Invention > More specifically, but not limited to, an automatic transmission device, and the quality of the transmission ratio switching, especially the progressive switching of the transmission quality has been improved, and after long-term use, this transmission ratio switching is still High uniformity. In transmissions, especially automatic transmissions, the gear ratio is switched by activating the selective coupling and closing other selective couplings. These selective couplings can be clutches or brakes, these are in particular multi-plate clutches or multi-plate brakes. The quality of gear ratio switching, especially the smoothness of gear ratio switching, is particularly dependent on the good control of the movement of moving components. Such moving components are, for example, a multi-plate clutch that stacks the locking discs one by one . In some applications, a lock member of this type is also a torque transmission member that slides relative to another transmission member via a keyway, for example, it moves rapidly axially relative to the housing of the transmission device. According to the present invention, it has been proven that these keyways, even though they have been commonly used, have in fact shown many disadvantages and disadvantages. If they are arranged along the periphery of a small diameter, they need to be given a large axial length so that the sliding action can be properly guided and the pressure between the sides of the keyway will not exceed a predetermined limit. These difficulties can be overcome to some extent by arranging the keyway on the periphery of the large diameter, but the cost, weight, and radial size of the coupling become too high. In addition, keyway wear 4 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 丨 Installation -------- Order --------- ^ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210 X 297 mm) 470831 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy The transmission ratio switching quality caused by the sliding action in the key slot will deteriorate as the transmission device ages. The object of the present invention is to provide a transmission device especially for a land vehicle. At this time, the transmission ratio switching quality is improved, and when the device is aging, it can still maintain a good transmission ratio switching quality. According to the present invention, the transmission device, especially for land vehicles, includes:-a torque transmission member, The torque transmission member includes a rotation input member and a rotation output member; a one-to-one selection coupling mechanism is installed between the two torque transmission members; --- a wheel Tooth combination, which is connected by means of meshing with at least some torque transmission members, and forms two transmission ratios between the input member and the output member, the two transmission ratios depending on whether the selected coupling mechanism is in a coupled state Or in the released state, which transmission ratio is determined; and wherein,-a first transmission member is installed to control the state of the selective coupling mechanism by axial displacement; and-in the aforementioned first transmission A connecting member having a possibility of relative axial displacement during rotation is installed between the member and the second transmission member. The connecting mechanism is characterized in that the connection mechanism is basically a kind of axial displacement of the first transmission member relative to the second transmission member. Types without friction. 5 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 470831 A7 B7 Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Fan Employee Consumer Cooperative 5. Description of the Invention (1) According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the coupling mechanism includes at least one deformable element, and the deformable element There is a variable dimension 0 parallel to the axis. This elastic element transmits the rotational torque of the axis while allowing the second transmission member to be displaced axially relative to the second transmission member. During this displacement, between the first and second transmission members No significant friction exists. According to a second embodiment of the present invention, the coupling mechanism is of a roller type. An element installed to roll between the first and second guide rails rotates the rotational torque from the first guide rail. To another guide rail, where the first guide rail is part of the first transmission member and the second guide rail is part of the second transmission member. Here, again, between the two transmission members Any obvious frictional force 'has been eliminated during the relative displacement movement between them. Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear from the description of the following non-limiting embodiments. < A brief description of the accompanying drawings > In the drawings: FIG. 1 is a schematic half view of a motor drive unit cut along the longitudinal axis direction. The motor drive unit includes a motor and a Transmission device with two transmission ratios, the transmission device is in a stationary and separated state. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but concerning the deceleration operation of the transmission. Figure 3 is a diagram 6 of the transmission device transversely cut along Figure 1 and Figure 2 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) I -------- ^ ----- III » ^ This paper size is based on China (CNS) A4 specifications χ〇χ 297 issued) 470831 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (* f) Partial view showing the Deformable coupling device. FIG. 4 is a view taken generally along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3. FIG. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of these blades according to a modified embodiment. Fig. 6 is a partial sectional view in the axial direction of the second embodiment of the coupling mechanism. Fig. 7 illustrates two modified application examples of the third embodiment of the coupling mechanism along a half cross-sectional view in the axial direction. Fig. 8 is a partial axial sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the coupling mechanism. Fig. 9, Fig. 11 and Fig. 15 are sectional views taken along the axial direction, showing three other specific embodiments of the coupling mechanism. FIG. 10, FIG. 12 and FIG. 16 are cross-sectional views of the specific embodiments of FIG. 9, FIG. 11 and FIG. 15 taken along the transverse direction, respectively. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the X I I I-X I I I cut line in FIG. 12. FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a rolling pin holding cover. Fig. 17 is a perspective view of a specific embodiment of the truncated roller shown in Figs. 15 and 16; FIG. 18 is a top view of the roller shown in FIG. 17. Fig. 19 is a sectional view taken along the axial direction of a modified application example of the specific embodiment shown in Fig. 15. Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view in a transverse direction of a modified application example of the device shown in Fig. 16. FIG. 21 is a partial end view showing the roller retaining mechanism. 7 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) I na ^ i. ^ 1 I nn I — I ndnn OJI nlnn I (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page ) 470831 Printed by A7 B7, Consumer Cooperatives, Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (<) Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XXII-XXII of Figure 21. Fig. 23 is a partial front view showing another specific embodiment of the holding mechanism. Fig. 24 is a perspective view showing a part of the holding mechanism of Fig. 23; < Illustration of drawing number > _____________ -Installation ------- Order --------- City (Please read the precautions on the back before writing this page) ____ (2a) Input shaft (2b) output shaft (4) housing (5) engine (7) planetary gear train (8) crown gear (9) sun gear (11) planet gear (12) main axis (13) planet gear support ( 14) Eccentric journal (16) Freewheel device (17) Coupling device (17a) First transmission member (17b) Second transmission member (18) Multi-plate clutch (19) Clutch disc
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 470831 A7 B7 五、發明說明（ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 (20) 傳動箱罩 (22) 離合器圓盤 (23) 內齒條 (24) 周緣輪齒 (25) 離心致動器 (26) 扣持板 (27) 活動板 (28) 切線方向之旋轉中心軸線 (29) 離心飛錘 (31) 飛錘本體 (32) 凸出物 (33) 外齒條 (34) 彈簧元件 (36) 擋體 (37) 彈性葉片 (37a ) 彈性葉片第一端 (37b ) 彈性葉片第二端 (37c ) 彈性葉片區段 (3 7 d ) 彈性葉片區段 (39) 箭頭 (41a ) 鉚釘 (41b ) 鉚釘 (47) 金屬摺疊部 (47a ) 第一·末端 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4规格（210 X 297公釐） 470831 A7 B7 五、發明說明（） 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 (47b ) 第二末端 (48) 輸入離合器 (57) 圓盤 (57a ) 外周緣邊緣 (57b ) 內周緣邊緣 (5 7 e ) 圓盤 (58) 外輪齒 (59) 軸桿 (61) 凸緣盤 (67) 圓球形的球體 (68a ) 溝槽 (68b ) 溝槽 (69a ) 圓筒形牆壁 (69b ) 圓柱形牆壁 (71) 徑向游隙 (72a ) 溝槽表面 (72b ) 溝槽表面 (74) 扣環 (75) 封閉端 (77) 圓柱形滾針 (77a ) 軸線 (78) 通道 (78a ) 上反角結構 (78b) 上反角結構 10 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝·-------訂--------- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 470831 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（P) (82a) 工作軌道 (82b) 工作軌道 (8 3 a ) 末端推力面 (83b) 末端推力面 (8 4 ) 滾針罩殻 (8 7 ) 滾輪 (8 7 a ) 圓柱形滾轉弧面 (87b) 圓柱形滾轉弧面 (87c) 扁平面 (8 7 d ) 具有較大直徑之滾輪 (8 7 e ) 具有較小直徑之滾輪 (8 9 a ) 銜接結構 (89b) 銜接結構 (9 1 a ) 互補銜接結構（齒空） (91b) 互補銜接結構（齒空） (9 2 ) 彈簧線固定裝置 (9 3 ) 中央區段 (9 4 ) 固定翼片 (9 6 ) 溝槽 (9 7 ) 銑溝 (9 8 ) 鉤形環 (9 9 ) 定位鉤部 (10 2) U形彈簧線 (1 0 3 ) 中央區段 ----------- -裝·-------訂---------綠 (請先間讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 χ 297公釐） 470831 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（γ ) (10 9) 鉤子 (Β 2 ) 軸向推力軸承 (Β 3 ) (C Ρ ) 軸向推力軸承 輪齒節圓 (E R ) 靜止位置 (P a C ) 軸向推力 (Psi) 軸向反作用力 (P s 2 ) 軸向反作用力 (Pap) 軸向推力 <發明之詳細說明> 圖1所示的具有兩個傳動比的傳動裝置係特別設計戶目 於一個汽車車，該傳動裝置包含有一個輸入軸桿2 a和一 個輸出軸桿2 b，這兩個軸桿2 a、2 b沿著它們共同的 旋轉軸線1 2相互對齊，該旋轉軸線1 2構成該傳動裝置 的主要軸線。該輸入軸桿2 a是連接到一汽車之引擎5的 輸出軸桿上，而在輸入軸桿2 a和輸出軸桿2 b之間設置 有一個輸入離合器4 8以及可能的其它未顯示之傳動機構 。該輸出軸桿2 b是被設計用來直接或間接地驅動一車輛 的驅動輪的。在該輸出軸桿2 b和車輛的車輪間，可以設 置譬如是另一個具有兩個或兩個以上傳動比之傳動裝置， 以及/或是一個人工操控之向前驅動/或向後驅動之換向 機構，以及/或是一個用來在車輛的驅動輪間分配各個動 作之差動裝置。 輸入軸桿2 a和輸出軸桿2 b相對於該傳動裝置的殼 12 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) > --------訂---------§· 470831 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（/〇 ) 體4是軸向上固定不動的，該傳動裝置的殻體4只有非常 少的部份被顯示。 該傳動裝置包含有一個差動齒輪機構.，該差動齒輪機 構是由一個行星齒輪系7構成的。該行星齒輪系7包含有 一個帶有內齒的冠形齒輪8和一·個帶有外齒的恒星齒輪9 ，兩個齒輪都與圍繞著該傳動裝置之軸線1 2四周分佈的 行星齒輪1 1相嚙合。行星齒輪1 1是可旋轉自如地支撐 在行星齒輪支持器1 3的偏心軸頸1 4，該行星齒輪支持 器1 3係牢固地被連接到輸出軸桿2 b。恒星齒輪9可自 由地以傳動裝置的軸線1 2相對於該輸出軸桿2 b旋轉並 圍繞著輸出軸桿2 b。然而，一個自由輪裝置1 6被用來 防止該恒星齒輪9的逆向旋轉，也就是說，防止該恒星齒 輪9沿著逆向於輸入軸桿2 a相對於傳動裝置之殻體4的 正常旋轉方向的反方向作轉動。 冠齒輪8被連接來作共同旋轉，但藉著一個聯結裝置 1 7，相對於該輸入軸桿2 a軸向滑動。該聯結裝置1 7 在圖1和圖2裏只以符號代表，該聯結裝置是本發明一個 更特別的主題，因而將在以下參照其它的附圖作更詳細的 解釋。 g亥聯結裝置1 7是被設置在一個第一傳動構件1 7 a 和一個第二傳動構件1 7 b間，該第一傳動構件1 7 a是 牢固地帶有冠齒輪8，而該第二傳動構件1 7 b是牢固地 與輸入軸桿2 a相結合。 一個多片式離合器18是選擇性地聯結冠齒輪8與行 13 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（2〗0 X 297公釐） I--— I------- ·III丨 — 丨丨訂 --------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 470831 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 發明說明（ο) 星齒輪支持器1 3。 該離合器1 8的交替疊接的圓盤1 9和2 2可在軸向 上被夾持在一個扣持板2 6和一個活動板2 7間，該扣持 板2 6係與行星齒輪支持器1 3結合，而活動板2 7則是 傳動箱罩2 0的一部份，離合器圓盤連接上之後可與行星 齒輪支持器1 3 —起轉動，但是離合器圓盤可以作相對於 行星齒輪支持器1 3的相對移動。傳動箱罩2 0帶有內齒 條2 3，圓盤2 2的周緣輪齒和扣持板2 6的周緣輪齒2 4則與該內齒條2 3相嚙合。第一傳動構件1 7 a帶有外 輪齒3 3，而圓盤1 9的周緣內輪齒則與該外輪齒3 3相 嚙合。 傳動箱罩2 0支撐著一個離心致動器2 5，該離心致 動器2 5係用來施加一個軸向的夾持力到堆疊的圓盤1 9 和2 2，夾持力依照傳動箱罩2 0的旋轉速度作變動，因 而它也是隨著以主軸線12爲中心旋轉的行星齒輪支持器 1 3的速度、輸出軸桿2 b的速度而變化。離心致動器2 5包含有多個離心飛錘2 9，這些離心飛錘2 9是以冠形 結構的形式設置分佈在離合器1 8的四周。離心飛錘是由 傳動箱罩2 0支撐，並且因此受到束縳而隨著傳動裝置的 輸出軸桿2 b之旋轉一起動作。 行星齒輪支持器13圍繞著主軸線12的旋轉運動傾 向於使每一個離心飛錘2 9之一本體3 1圍繞著它的切線 方向之旋轉中心軸線2 8旋轉，而在離力力的作用下沿著 半徑方向朝向外部移動，以使離心飛錘自一個靜止位置Er 14 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)This paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 470831 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention 23) Internal rack (24) Peripheral gear teeth (25) Centrifugal actuator (26) Holding plate (27) Movable plate (28) Tangent rotation center axis (29) Centrifugal flying hammer (31) Flying hammer body (32) Projection (33) Outer rack (34) Spring element (36) Block (37) Elastic blade (37a) Elastic blade first end (37b) Elastic blade second end (37c) Elastic blade section (3 7 d) Elastic blade section (39) Arrow (41a) Rivet (41b) Rivet (47) Metal folding section (47a) First end (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Paper size Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 470831 A7 B7 V. Description of invention () Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (47b) Second end (48) Input clutch (57) Round Disc (57a) outer peripheral edge (57b) inner peripheral edge (5 7 e) disc (58) outer gear (59) shaft (61) flange (67) spherical ball (68a) groove (68b) groove (69a) cylindrical wall (69b) cylindrical Wall (71) Radial clearance (72a) Groove surface (72b) Groove surface (74) Retaining ring (75) Closed end (77) Cylindrical needle (77a) Axis (78) Channel (78a) reverse Corner structure (78b) Upper counter-angle structure 10 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Installation --------- Order --------- This paper size applies to Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 470831 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of invention (P) (82a) Working track (82b) Working track (8 3 a) End thrust surface ( 83b) End thrust surface (8 4) Needle cover (8 7) Roller (8 7 a) Cylindrical rolling arc surface (87b) Cylindrical rolling arc surface (87c) Flat surface (8 7 d) Roller with large diameter (8 7 e) Roller with smaller diameter (8 9 a) Coupling structure (89b) Coupling structure (9 1 a) Complementary joint structure (tooth space) (91b) Complementary joint structure (tooth space ) (9 2) Spring wire fixing device (9 3) Central section (9 4) Fixing tab (9 6) Groove (9 7) Milling groove (9 8) Hook ring (9 9) Positioning hook ( 10 2) U-shaped spring wire (1 0 3) Central section ----------- -installation ------- order --------- green (please first Note on the back of the occasional reading, please fill out this page again) This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 χ 297 mm) 470831 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Invention Description (γ) (10 9) Hook (B 2) Axial thrust bearing (B 3) (CP) Axial thrust bearing Gear pitch circle (ER) Rest position (P a C) Axial thrust (Psi) Axial reaction force ( P s 2) Axial reaction force (Pap) Axial thrust < Detailed description of the invention > The transmission device with two transmission ratios shown in FIG. 1 is specially designed for an automobile vehicle, and the transmission device includes An input shaft 2 a and an output shaft 2 b. The two shafts 2 a, 2 b are aligned with each other along their common rotation axis 12, which constitutes the main axis of the transmission. The input shaft 2 a is connected to the output shaft of an engine 5 of an automobile, and an input clutch 48 and possibly other transmissions not shown are provided between the input shaft 2 a and the output shaft 2 b. mechanism. The output shaft 2b is designed to directly or indirectly drive the driving wheels of a vehicle. Between the output shaft 2 b and the wheel of the vehicle, for example, another transmission device having two or more transmission ratios, and / or a manually controlled forward drive or backward drive reverse Mechanism, and / or a differential device to distribute the actions among the driving wheels of the vehicle. The input shaft 2 a and the output shaft 2 b are relative to the housing 12 of the transmission. The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 public love) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page. ) > -------- Order --------- § · 470831 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (/ 〇) Body 4 is axially fixed Without moving, only a very small part of the housing 4 of the transmission is shown. The transmission includes a differential gear mechanism. The differential gear mechanism is composed of a planetary gear train 7. The planetary gear train 7 comprises a crown gear 8 with internal teeth and a sun gear 9 with external teeth, both of which are connected with the planetary gears 1 around the axis 12 of the transmission device. 1 phase meshing. The planetary gear 11 is an eccentric journal 14 which is rotatably supported on a planetary gear supporter 13 which is firmly connected to the output shaft 2b. The sun gear 9 is free to rotate around the output shaft 2 b with the axis 12 of the transmission device relative to the output shaft 2 b. However, a free wheel device 16 is used to prevent the sun gear 9 from rotating in the reverse direction, that is, to prevent the sun gear 9 from rotating in the normal direction of rotation relative to the input shaft 2 a relative to the housing 4 of the transmission. Rotate in the opposite direction. The crown gear 8 is connected for common rotation, but is axially slid with respect to the input shaft 2 a by a coupling device 17. The coupling device 17 is only represented by symbols in Figs. 1 and 2. The coupling device is a more specific subject of the present invention, and will be explained in more detail below with reference to other drawings. The coupling device 17 is provided between a first transmission member 17 a and a second transmission member 17 b. The first transmission member 17 a is firmly provided with a crown gear 8 and the second transmission The component 17b is firmly combined with the input shaft 2a. A multi-plate clutch 18 is used to selectively connect the crown gear 8 and the row 13. This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2〗 0 X 297 mm) I --- I ------- · III 丨 — 丨 丨 Order --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 470831 A7 B7 Printed invention description by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (ο) Star Gear Support器 1 3. The alternately overlapping disks 19 and 22 of the clutch 18 can be clamped in the axial direction between a retaining plate 26 and a movable plate 27, which are connected with the planetary gear support. 1 and 3 are combined, and the movable plate 2 7 is part of the transmission case cover 20. After the clutch disc is connected, it can rotate with the planetary gear support 1 3, but the clutch disc can be supported relative to the planetary gear. The relative movement of the device 1 3. The gearbox cover 20 is provided with an internal rack 23, and the peripheral gears of the disk 2 2 and the peripheral gears 24 of the retaining plate 26 are engaged with the internal rack 2 3. The first transmission member 17a is provided with outer gear teeth 3 3, and the peripheral inner gear teeth of the disc 19 are engaged with the outer gear teeth 3 3. The gearbox cover 20 supports a centrifugal actuator 25, which is used to apply an axial clamping force to the stacked disks 19 and 22, the clamping force according to the gearbox The rotation speed of the cover 20 varies, so that it also changes with the speed of the planetary gear holder 13 rotating around the main axis 12 and the speed of the output shaft 2b. The centrifugal actuator 25 includes a plurality of centrifugal flyweights 29, and these centrifugal flyweights 29 are arranged around the clutch 18 in the form of a crown structure. The centrifugal flyweight is supported by the transmission case cover 20, and is therefore restrained to move with the rotation of the output shaft 2b of the transmission. The rotational movement of the planetary gear support 13 around the main axis 12 tends to rotate each of the centrifugal flying hammers 2 9 and the body 3 1 around its center axis of rotation 28 in the tangential direction, and under the action of the force of force Move along the radial direction towards the outside, so that the centrifugal fly hammer comes from a rest position Er 14 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
裝·-------訂--------I 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297.公釐） 470831 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（/)_) (圖1和圖2之中，這個位置Er是以完全的實線表示）移 到一個或多或少從半徑方向飛離之位置E(在圖1裏的這 個位置E是以虛線表示）。靜止位置E R是由離心飛錘的擋 體3 6抵靠著傳動箱罩2 0的位置來界定的。 這造成在每一離心飛錘的凸出物3 2和該離心飛錘的 旋轉軸線2 8間一個相對的軸向位移。這個讓凸出物3 2 更靠近活動板2 7的位移，可以對應到安裝在該凸出物3 2和扣持板2 6間的一彈簧元件1 4之壓縮，以及/或對 應到活動板2 7之一個沿著夾持離合器1 8之方向朝著扣 持板2 6的位動。在附圖所示的例子裏面，彈簧元件3 4 是由兩個膜片式彈簧墊圈構成的，這兩個彈簧墊圈是前後 抵靠著排列著的。 當該傳動裝置是在如圖1中之實線所示的靜止狀態下 的時候，彈簧元件3 4經由靠在靜止位置ER的離心飛錘2 9將一個預壓之作用力傳遞到傳動箱罩2 0，該預壓之作 用力夾持著離合器1 8，以致於傳動裝置的輸入軸桿2 a 聯結到輸出軸桿2 b，而伴隨著輸出軸桿2 b —起旋轉， 且該傳動裝置形成一個能夠傳輸高達某一極大値之扭力的 直接驅動裝置，此一極大値之扭力是由彈簧元件3 4的預 壓之作用力來決定的。 行星齒輪1 1和恒星齒輪9的冠形齒輪8之輪齒都是 屬於螺旋狀齒輪類型。因此，在負荷下相嚙合的每一對輪 齒組，將出現相反的軸向推力，該軸向推力與被傳遞的圓 周切向作用力成正比，並且，因而與輸入軸桿2 a之扭力 15 ----------- -裝--------訂---------0 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 470831 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（/)) 成正比，也與輸出軸桿2 b的扭力成正比。輪齒之螺旋ί頃 角的方向是被選擇，使得當它正在傳遞著驅動扭力時候’ 在冠齒輪8裏出現的軸向推力參見圖2)，是被作 用在一冠齒輪8經由第一傳動構件1 7 a和軸向推力軸承 B 2，朝一個分離扣持板2 6和活動板2 7的方向推抵活動 板2 7，因而令離合器1 8脫離嚙合狀態。該軸向推力Pa 也傾向於將離心飛錘2 9的凸出物3 2和扣持板2 6帶動 使它們相互靠近，並因此將離心飛錘2 9帶到或保持在它 們靜止的位置Εκ上，並且壓擠彈簧元件3 4。行星齒輪1 1不僅與冠齒輪8相嚙合，同時也與恒星齒輪9相嚙合， 該行星齒輪1 1遭遇到兩個相反的軸向反作用力P S 1和 P S 2，這兩個相反的軸向反作用力彼此相互抵消，並且 ，該恒星齒輪8在與行星齒輪11嚙合時遭遇到一個軸向 推力Ρ 〃，該軸向推力P aP在強度上是相等於冠形齒輪8 的軸向推力P ，但在方向上係相反於冠形齒輪8的軸向 推力P a。。恒星齒輪9的軸向推力P a P透過一個軸向推力 軸承B 3被傳遞到殻體4。 此類的情況是顯示在圖2裏。假設已達成上述的操作 狀態，現在將說明該傳動裝置的基本操作。只要由輸入軸 桿2 a所傳遞的扭力，使得在冠形齒輪8裏的軸向推力P a c足以經由彈簧元件3 4推回離心飛錘2 9的凸出物3 2 ’在離合器扣持板2 6和活動板2 7間的分離，使得圓 盤1 9和2 2會彼此打滑而不再在彼此之間傳遞扭力。 行星齒輪支持器13因而能夠以一個不同於輸入軸桿 16 ----------- -----I I I I 訂·-------· ^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 470831 A7 B7 五 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 發明說明（丨τ) 2 a之速度旋轉，並且它受到輸出軸桿2 b所要驅動之負 荷的影響而有被固定住的傾向。這所產生的結果是該行星 齒輪1 1傾向於如一個運動之換向器，也就是說，是讓恒 星齒輪9以相反於冠形齒輪8之旋轉方向轉動。但這叟到 自由輪1 6所阻止。恒星齒輪因而受到自由輪1 6影響而 固定不動，並且行星齒輪支持器1 3以一個介於恒星齒輪 9之零速度和冠形齒輪8和輸入軸桿2 a之速度之間的速 度轉動。該德動裝置因而其作用有如一個減速齒輪。譬如 是，假設旋轉速度加快且扭力維持不變，當離心飛錘2 9 的離心力在活動板2 7上面（相對於扣持板2 6 )產生一 個軸向的夾持力到達一個較軸向推力P a。爲大時，該離心 飛錘2 5向它們的位置E上升（參見圖1 )，而活動板2 7被推向扣持板2 6，以完成一個直接驅動，該直接驅動 不同於圖1所示的地方只是在於：彈簧受到離心飛錘的凸 出物3 2更大的壓縮。 當離合器1 8變成直接驅動期間，會漸增地將動力直 接從冠形齒輪8 (該冠形齒輪聯結於輸入軸桿2 a )傳遞 到行星齒輪支持器1 3 (該行星齒輪聯結於輸出軸桿2 b )。結果，行星齒輪系7的輪齒參與的程度變得愈來愈少 ’也就是說：它們傳遞愈來愈少的作用力。軸向推力P a c 逐漸減少’最後被完全消除。因而，由於該離心力所產生 的軸向推力可以被充分使用，以將扣持板2 6推頂向活動 板2 7使彼此抵緊。 然後，輸出軸桿2 b的旋轉速度降低，以及/或欲被 17 ----------- ---------訂---------0 (請先間讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 470831 A7 B7 五、發明說明（丨^) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 傳遞的扭力增加，會到達一個臨界點，在該臨界點處，離 心飛錘2 9不再在離合器1 8裏面提供一個足夠的夾持力 以傳遞扭力。在這種情況之下，離合器1 8開始打滑。恒 星齒輪1 9的速度減少，直到完全消失。自由輪1 6使得 恒星齒輪靜止下來，而輪齒作用力P 重新出現，以便讓 離合器解除嚙合狀態，以致於傳動裝置的操作變成如同一 個減速齒輪。因而，每一次由減速齒輪操作改變成直接驅 動操作的時候，或由直接驅動操作變成減速齒輪操作的時 候，軸向力P a。會朝向令新建立的傳動比穩定下來的方向 改變。一方面，這是非常有利的，因爲能夠在某些操作臨 界點附近避免太過頻繁的變動，而在另一方面，可以讓離 合器1 8的打滑狀態只是短暫的現象。 在圖3和圖4所顯示的例子裏，聯結裝置1 7是被安 裝在第一傳動構件1 7 a和第二傳動構件1 7 b間，在這 個地帶裏，這兩具有相對於軸線1 2的一徑向輻板之形式 ，這可從圖1裏更明顯的圖解說明中得到理解。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 聯結裝置1 7包含有彈性葉片3 7，該彈性葉片1 7 具有一個第一端3 7 a，和一個第二端3 7 b，該第一端 3 7 a係牢固地被一個鉚釘4 1 a連接到第一傳動構件1 7 a，且該第二端3 7 b也被一個鉚釘3 7 b牢固地連接 到第二傳動構件1 7 b。葉片3 7在該第一傳動構件1 7 a和第二傳動構件1 7 b之間，具有兩個區段3 7 c和3 7 d，區段3 7 c係鄰接第一端3 7 a，且朝向第二傳動 構件1 7 b的方向彎曲，區段3 7 d係鄰接第二端3 7 b 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 470831 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（1U ，並且朝向另一個方向，也就是說’係朝向第一傳動構件 1 7 a的方向彎折。當第一傳動構件1 7 a沿著軸向相對 於該第二傳動構件1 7 b移動時’區段3 7 c和區段3 7 d的曲率即會增加或減少。聯結裝置設有許多組的葉片3 7，如圖4所示，這些葉片組係分佈在軸線1 2四周，如 圖3示。 葉片3 7的方位係多多少少呈切線方向，以利用在葉 片3 7內部的拉應力來傳遞驅動扭力。一個箭頭3 9指示 該驅動扭力的方向。如圖以虛線所示，可從該第二傳動構 件1 7 b開始，沿周緣設置其它切線方向之葉片3 7 e， 以利用在這些葉片3 7 e裏面的拉應力傳遞在刹車模式下 運轉的引擎所產生的負向扭力（亦即是，方向3 9的相反 方向之扭力）。在沒有此類額外的葉片3 7 e的時候，葉 片3 7是以壓應力來傳遞這種負向扭力。 葉片3 7經過設計選擇而採用能夠提供下列功能和效 果的厚度、長度、寬度和材料，這些功能和效果是： 一一在第一傳動構件1 7 a相對於第二傳動構件1 7 b之軸向移動期間，這些葉片3 7可以彈性地且實質上沒 有阻力地彎曲； 一一這些葉片3 7能夠將引擎5的旋轉扭力由第二傳 動構件1 7 b傳遞到第一傳動構件1 7 a ;以及， 一一這些葉片3 7提供該第一傳動構件1 7 a對軸線 12—個充分的中心對位作用。 爲了達到這個目的，這些葉片3 7是非常薄，以能夠 19 ^紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ----------- 裝--------訂---------綠 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 470831 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7. 五、發明說明（/ ]) 具有非常好的彈性，這些葉片3 7也相對地寬，以便儘吕 它們很薄，但具有足夠的橫向剖面來傳遞該扭力，退些葉 片3 7也足夠長，以便不論相對於第一傳動構件1 7 a和 第二傳動構件1 7 b的軸向位置是什麼，仍然或多或少地 保持停留在一個徑向的輻面裏。 根據一個具體實施例，這些葉片3 7能夠由譬如厚度 約爲0.7毫米（mm )和長度約爲3或4公分（c m )的 彈簧鋼製成，以容許一個大約2毫米的軸向行程。如圖所 示，可以有利地以至少成對地堆疊這些葉片。堆疊的兩片 葉片3 7具有與單一之兩倍厚度的葉片相同的扭力傳遞能 力，但能夠有較大的撓性。 在使用時，冠形齒輪8具有一傾向，易於將它本身自 然地對準行星齒輪1 1的中心，該行星齒輪1 1係成角度 地分配設置在軸線1 2四周。這種自動對準中心的效果是 由於輪齒的推斥力，這種推斥力係沿徑向指向軸線1 2， 並且該推斥力發生在冠形齒輪8之輪齒和每一個行星齒輪 1 1的輪齒間。因而，該聯結裝置1 γ只部份地提供第一 傳動構件1 7 a相對於第二傳動構件丨7 b的中心定位。 假如需要的話’可以設置輔助滑動中心定位裝置而無 損於本發明的良好效果，因爲這種輔助中心定位裝置將被 設計成：讓它不會傳遞扭力，而這扭力將依然保留爲只由 聯結裝置17來傳遞。 在圖5所示的例子裏，葉片3 7在末端處3 7 a和3 7 b是由具擁大厚度的材料製成，而在彎曲之部份3 7 20 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CI^S)A4規格--- ----------- 裝.-------訂.--------後 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（) C和3 7 d則由較薄的材料製成。 在圖6所顯示的例子裏，聯結裝置1 7包含有一個金 屬摺聲部4 7，該金屬摺疊部4 7具有一個管狀的第一末 端4 7 a和一個管狀的第二末端4 7 b。該第一末端4 7 a係被焊接到第一傳動構件1 7 a，且該第二末端4 7 b 也被焊接到第二傳動構件1 7 b，而第一傳動構件1 7 a 爲了這個目的在沿著軸線12的方向上設有一個形狀有如 一個軸桿末端的端部’第二傳動構件1 7 b也爲了這個用 途設有一個形狀有如軸桿末端的端部。摺疊部4 7係可被 沿著軸線方向壓縮，而沒有可察覺的彈性阻力，同時能夠 傳遞引擎的旋轉扭力而不會有過度的扭轉變形，並且同時 確保第一傳動構件1 7 a之軸桿末端相對於軸線1 2的適 當中心定位。 在圖7上半部所顯示的例子裏，聯結裝置1 7包含有 一個圓盤5 7，該圓盤5 7具有一個以軸線1 2爲中心的 環狀起伏部。該環形圓盤5 7具有一個被焊接到第一傳動 構件1 7 a之外周緣邊緣5 7 a和一個被焊接到第二傳動 構件1 7 b之內周緣邊緣5 7 b。圓盤5 7使得能夠藉由 彎曲部在沒有可察覺的彈性阻滯力的情形之下能夠讓該第 一傳動構件1 7 a沿著軸向作相對於第二傳動構件1 7 b 移動，而同時確保第一傳動構件1 7 a相對於第二傳動構 件1 7 b以軸線1 2爲中心之適當定位作用，並且同時在 實際沒有變形的情況下由傳動構件1 7 b將該扭力傳遞到 第一傳動構件1 7 a。 21 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ----------- --------訂·--------轉 (請先間讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 470831 ^_ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 發明說明) 圖7底部所顯示的變化例是只有該第一傳動構件17 a的形狀不同，在這個（與圖1和圖2顯不的不同）案例 裏，第厂傳動構件1 7 a應該與譬如是一軸桿5 9所攜帶 的一組外輪齒5 8製成一體。這些傳動構件的其中之二（ 在這個例子裏，是指1 7 a )因而包含有一個堅硬的凸緣 盤6 1，該凸緣盤6 1將軸桿5 9連接到與起伏的圓盤5 7之外周緣邊緣5 7 a焊接在一起的區段。 在圖8所顯示的變化例之中，該圓盤5 7 e是被製成 扁平狀。這個變化例是適用在當軸向位移是非常小的時候 ，或是當可利用的徑向尺寸使生產一個大直徑的圓盤成爲 可能時，或是當被傳遞的扭力是相對較小，而使有一個較 圖7所示的圓盤更薄成爲可能時。 在圖9和圖1 0所顯示的實施例之中，聯結裝置1 7 包含有設置在分佈於軸線12周爲的四個軸向排列之多個 球形的圓球體6 7。每一列是被排列在一個大體爲圓柱形 狀之通道裏面，這通道的一半是由一個具有半圓形輪廓的 溝槽6 8 a形成，該溝槽6 8 a是第一傳動構件1 7 a的 一部份，而，通道的另一半是由一個具有半圓形輪廓的溝 槽6 8 b形成，該溝槽6 8 b則是第二傳動構件1 7 b的 一部份。這些溝槽6 8 a和6 8 b的直徑較圓球體6 7之 直徑稍大。半徑設置在第一傳動構件1 7 a的圓柱形開孔 上面的溝槽6 8 a，徑向朝著軸線1 2開放。溝槽6 8 b 是形成於第二傳動構件1 7 b的圓柱面上，徑向朝著離開 中心軸線1 2的方向開放。在該第一傳動構件1 7 a的開 22 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -----------^--------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 470831 A7 _______ _______ B7 五、發明說明（>0) 孔之圓筒形牆壁6 9 a和第二傳動構件1 7 b之圓柱形牆 壁6 9 b之間有一個微小的游隙7 1存在，而第二傳動構 件1 7 b之圓柱形牆壁6 9 b係可滑動自如地安置在開孔 6 9 a裏面。圓球形球體6 7實質沒有任何徑向游隙的方 式被安裝在各個軌道6 8 a和6 8 b間，因而在沒有摩擦 力作用之下確保第一傳動構件1 7 a相對於第二傳動構件 1 7 b的中心定位作用。藉由每列至少兩個圓球6 7之存 在，聯結裝置1 7同時確保第一傳動構件1 7 a和第二傳 動構件1 7 b間有一個嚴格的軸向排列對準' 當第一傳動構件1 7 a沿軸向作相對於第二傳動構件 1 7 b移動時，每一個圓球6 7在它所在的兩個軌道6 8 a和6 8 b上面滾轉。 在旋轉扭力依照箭頭3 9之方向傳遞期間，每一個溝 槽6 8 b的一個表面7 2 b側面地支撐著圓球6 7，並且 壓迫著圓球6 7抵緊每一溝槽6 8 a的對立面7 2 a。溝 槽表面7 2 a和7 2 b是與以軸線1 2爲中心的圓周切線 方向呈一傾斜角度。圓球6 7譬如是以製作滾珠軸承的鋼 球之鋼料製成，藉由它們對沿著兩個傳動構件1 7 a和1 7 b間界面的剪切應力之阻力以及對溝槽之表面7 2 a和 7 2 b之壓縮應力的阻力將旋轉扭力自第二傳動構件1 7 b傳遞到第一傳動構件1 7 a。 當傳動構件1 7 a在軸向上之行程因某種原因而受到 限時，不會有傳動構件1 7 a跳脫傳動構件1 7 b之端部 的危險。相反地，將會有圓球6 7跳脫圖9之左端，在該 23 -----------t--------訂---------竣 (請先間讀背面之注音？事項再填寫本頁) 適用中國國家標ί (石Rs)A4^格(210 X 297公ί") 470831 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明 處每一通道的兩個溝槽6 8 a和6 8 b是開放的。爲了防 止這種風險，一個安裝在第一傳動構件1 7 a之一個適當 溝槽裏的彈性扣環7 4被用作爲一個軸向擋塊，以阻擋每 —通道6 8最靠近這端的圓球6 7。在圖示的例子裏；在 另一端（也就是說，在右端），與第二傳動構件17b形 成一體的該溝槽6 8 b是在端部7 5處爲閉合的。 在圖1 1和圖1 2所顯示的例子裏，聯結裝置1 7包 含有圓柱形滾針7 7，這些圓柱形滾針7 7的軸線7 7 a 是相對於軸線1 2呈徑向排列。滾針7 7是分佈在四列裏 ’這四列係成角度地等距分佈在軸線1 2四周的四個通道 7 8裏面，該四個通道7 8平行於軸線1 2，並且具有一 個長方形斷面。每一個通道是由第一傳動構件1 7 a的徑 向內表面6 9 a和第二傳動構件1 7 b的徑向外表面6 9 b共同地界定。 每一個通道7 8是由兩個凹下的上反角結構7 8 a、 7 8界定，第一個上反角結構是第一傳動構件1 7 a的一 部份，另一個上反角結構是第二傳動構件1 7 b的一部份 。每一個上反角結構包含供滾針7 7使用的一個平坦的工 作軌道8 2 a、8 2 b以及一個末端推力面8 3 a和8 3 b。該工作軌道8 2 a、8 2 b是平行於通過滾針7 7之 軸線的半徑，因而，係垂直於一個以軸線1 2爲中心之圓 周切線方向。末端推力面8 3 a和8 3 b的方位係與軸線 1 2呈相切。該第一傳動構件1 7 a的工作軌道8 2 a是 交替地沿著順時針方向和逆時針方向以軸線1 2爲中心轉 24 ----------I 裝--------訂---------線 I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家¥準(CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐_)： 47083ί Α7 Β7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（>τ) 動，以致於兩個沿著直徑相反對立的通道7 8之滾針7 7 傳遞一個方向上的旋轉扭力，而在另兩個通道裏的滾針7 8則傳遞著另一方向上的旋轉扭力。當滾針傳遞該扭力時 ，它們全都受到在它們各自通道7 8裏的兩個相向對立之 軌道8 2 a和8 2 b之間的壓應力。 圖1 4顯示同一個通道裏的滾針7 7可以被裝設在一 個罩殻8 4裏面，在該罩殻裏，滾針7 7可以以它們自身 爲中心旋轉。當第一傳動構件1 7 a和第二傳動構件1 7 b沿著軸向作彼此相對的移動時，在各自的通道7 8裏， 該罩殻8 4以一個介於該兩個構件1 7 a和1 7 b速度間 的一個中間速度移動。 現在將對圖15至圖18所示的例子中與先前例子不 同之處加以說明。 每一列滾針7 7是被替換以一個單一的滾輪8 7，該 滾輪8 7的半徑R (參見圖1 8)是大得足以讓當先前之 第一傳動構件1 7 a完成相對於第二傳動構件1 7 b全部 的軸向滑移的動作時該滾輪只旋轉大約1 5度至2 0度。 因此，該滾輪不需要具有一個完整的滾動弧面，而是只需 有兩個在直徑兩端相向對立的圓柱形滾轉弧面8 7 a和8 7 b，該兩個弧面以兩個相反平行的扁平面8 7 c分隔開 。使用時，如圖1 5所示’該兩個扁平面8 7 c的方位是 與軸線1 2呈橫向相交。結果’本實施例的聯結裝置1 7 之軸向尺寸是特別地小。在通道7 8裏面，兩相反對立的 軌道8 2 a和8 2 b之間的距離是等於2 R ’因而’它是 25 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公髮） ----------- 裝--------訂---------繞 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 470831 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（V1)) 遠大於圖11至圖14所示的例子裏之距離。 此類的具體實施例使得需要確保該滾輪8 7不會在軌 道上滑動，而不是在軌道上滾動。爲了達到這個目的，每 —個滾動表面8 7 a或8 7 b帶有一個銜接結構8 9 έ或 8 9 b，這兩個銜接結構分別鄰接滾轉弧面8 7 a或8 7 b其中之一的彎曲側緣之中點。在圖示的例子裏，每一個 銜接結構8 9 a或8 9 b是一個嚙合輪齒，輪齒的形狀如 同圓周之一條漸開線。每一個輪齒8 9 a或8 9 b在使用 時是與一個形成於對應之工作軌道8 2 a或8 2 b裏面的 輔助銜接結構（齒空）9 1 a或9 1 b相嚙合。同一滾輪 8 7的兩個輪齒8 9 a和8 9 b的節圓C p (參見圖1 8 )是與滾轉表面8 7 a和8 7 b的圓圈相同。 因而，如圖1 7所示，在滾輪的每一個圓柱形端部有 一個以斜影線標示的區域，該區域是與對應的軌道8 2 a 或8 2 b作滾動接觸，並且在該區域以外的地方，有一個 沒有斜影線的帶狀區，在該帶狀區的中央設置著輪齒，該 輪齒用來銜接齒空9 1 a或9 1 b以便作爲該滾輪相對於 每一個傳動構件1 7 a和1 7 b的角度指標。節圓C p的 直徑和輪齒幾何形狀是針對兩個傳動構件1 7 a和1 7 b 之間預見的軸向位移行程來作選擇，使得在兩個傳動構件 1 7 a和1 7 b間整個的相對軸向位移期間，輪齒8 9 a 和8 9 b與齒空9 1 a和9 1 b都保持在嚙合狀態。 圖19所示的例子與圖15所示的例子不同之處只在 於：該第二傳動構件1 7 b現在是半徑方向的內側，且該 26 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐） ----------- -裝·-------訂·--------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 470831 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（y^) 第一傳動構件1 7 a形式上是一個牢固地帶有圖1所示的 輪齒8的冠齒輪。 P 2, 0所示的例子與圖1 6所示之例子相較，它包含 有兩個差異之處，這兩個差異可以彼此獨立地應用。· 具有較大直徑的兩個滾輪8 7 d與另外兩個具有較小 直徑之滾輪8 7 e彼此輪流交替。較大直徑之滾輪8 7 d 將在傳遞驅動扭力期間承受壓力，而另外兩個直徑較小的 滾輪8 7 e將在刹車模式之扭力的傳遞期間承受壓力，這 種刹車模式之扭力是低於驅動扭力的。 這些滾輪相對於交切軸線12的直徑而言是偏心的， 每兩個滾輪其中之一個是沿一個周緣切線方向爲偏心地設 置的，另外一個滾輪則是沿另一個周緣切線方向爲偏心設 置的。這些滾輪因而是被劃分歸類爲兩組，而不是規則地 分佈在軸線1 2的四周。這種內部傳動構件（在本例子中 是指傳動構件1 7 a )的配置產生一個較圖1 6所示之具 體實施例更爲緊湊且因而更堅固耐用之形狀的結構。 在圖2 0的例子裏，並沒有顯示用於滾輪的分度輪齒 ，但是也可以設置此類的輪齒。 圖2 1和圖2 2顯示一個改良實施例，該改良實施例 能夠被應用在圖1 5至圖2 0所示的例子裏，以便於確保 在它被組裝到傳動裝置裏面以前其聯結的穩定性。 特別是，從圖1 5，將可以明白：若阻止第一傳動構 件移動到圖中左側太遠，該分度指示輪齒可以確保聯結的 穩定性。圖1 9的例子裏，也需要防止該傳動構件1 7 a 27 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規Γ格（210 X 297公釐） " -----------^·-------訂 *--------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 470831 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（v<) 移動到右側太遠。此類的過度移動至少在圖1和圖2的例 子裏會被該傳動裝置的其餘部份阻止。但在組裝之前會有 發生p度移動的風險存在。爲了防止這類事情發生，設置 有一個彈簧線固定裝置9 2，該彈簧線固定裝置包含有一 個中央區段9 3和兩個固定翼片9 4，該中央區段9 3是 被固定到徑向內傳動構件（在本例子裏是指17 b )上， 而兩個固定翼片9 4是位於中央區段9 3的任一側邊，並 且支抵住獨立滾輪的扁平面8 7 c，特別是停留在爲此目 的而設置在扁平面上的溝槽9 6裏。中央區段9 3穿越過 一個橫向穿越第二傳動構件1 7 b的銑溝9 7，並且在第 二傳動構件1 7 b的另一側形成一個環圈，前述之環圈具 有一個鉤形9 8 〇中央區段9 3和每一個固定翼片9 4之 間的彈簧線穿過一個設置在傳動構件1 7 b之對應正面上 的定位鉤部9 9。 藉由這樣的裝置，當第一傳動構件1 7 a沿著一個引 起滾輪8 7移向固定翼片9 4所在位置的側邊之方向移動 的時候，後者首先彈性地變形並且最終阻止該滾輪更進一 步地移動。當後者藉由分度輪齒8 9 a和8 9 b定出相對 於該兩個傳動構件1 7 a和1 7 b之位置的時候，滾輪的 固定不動會阻止兩個傳動構件1 7 a和1 7 b之間進一步 的相對軸向移動。 圖21也說明本發明能夠安裝另一個固定裝置在同一 個銑溝9 7裏，該固定裝置是要用來被定位在該傳動構件 1 7 b的另一表面，以便抵住滾輪的另一邊，並藉此限制 28 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂---- 線 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 470831 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（νί) 在另一移動方向的軸向相對位移。 學理上，讓一個單一滾輪固定不動即足以使該兩個傳 動構件彼此之間的軸向相對位移固定不動。圖示的每一個 固定裝置使得兩個滾輪在一個移動方向上固定不動。這種 固定不動的作用能夠更進一步地藉由在聯結裝置的其它兩 個滾輪上面安裝一個或兩個固定裝置來予以加強。 在圖2 3和圖2 4的例子裏，像是8 7的滾輪是被省 略掉以便簡化圖中的結構說明，在這例子裏，固定裝置包 含有一個U形彈簧線1 〇 2。該U形彈簧線1 〇 2的一個 中央區段1 0 3是被鉤子1 0 9固定在這些傳動構件其中 之一（1 7 b )的正面上。該U形彈簧線1 0 2的兩端9 4形成對另一傳動構件（1 7 a )之對應表面的彈性軸向 推力止擋凸片。本發明可以設置兩個沿直徑相對立的固定 裝置（圖中只顯示一個），並且在傳動構件17 a和17 b的另一正面設置另外兩個固定裝置（圖中未顯示出來） 〇 自然，本發明並不限於上述例子。 特別是，本發明的應用不限於先前參照圖1和圖2所 作說明的傳動裝置。譬如，第一傳動構件能夠與一行星齒 輪系的恒星齒輪9結合成一體。更進一步地’葉片、滾輪 的數量、圓球或滾針的列數也能夠與前述各種例子中所述 的不同。 29 適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） n n ^^1 ^^1 n Bn n n ^^1 / ^1« 1^1 n 1 1 n n n ^1· m I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 470783 A 7 B7 五、發明説明) 溶液之p Η係在1 . 0至3 . 0之範圍内；Μ及電鍍液中之'鎳離子 和亞鐵離子之濃度總和，M (in ο 1 / il )、電鍍液之平均流率 ，U ( m / s )、與電解中之電流密度，I U A / d m 2 )間的關係滿 足Μ下之方程式（1)。 11^(11^^0=50至 150 ......(1) 在鋼板表面上的電鍍層，可為含有含量在7至15wt.%範 圍内之鐵的合金鋅浸鍍層。此外，此在鋼板表面上的電鍍 層可為鋅電鍍層或鋅浸鍍層。 在本專利說明書中，有時將在鍍鉾層之表面上形成為上 層之F e - N i - 0薄膜簡稱為”薄膜”，Μ與簡稱為”電鍍層”之 作為下層的鋅或鍛鋅層區別。 接著將說明前述對本發明之製造條件作限制的理由。 在本發明中，係使用硫酸鎳及硫酸亞鐵作為在鍍鋅鋼板 之電鍍層表面上形成Fe-H i-0薄膜之電鍍疲的成份，由於 當使欲生成Fe-Ni-Ο薄膜之鍍鋅鋼板作為陰極時，此等硫 酸鹽適用於有效地將Fe、Ni及0引入待形成之簿膜中。 Μ下係將硫酸鎳及硫酸亞鐵之總濃度指定為0 . 1至2 . 0 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) raol/A ，而Μ0.1至〇.5mol/Jl較佳的根據。 當總濃度低於0 . 1 m ο 1 / A時，由於電鍍權之較低的導電 性，供電解用之電壓將較高，因此需要可用於較高電壓的 整流器。因此，如此低之濃度並不適當。 另一方面，超過2 . 0 m ο 1 / A之總濃度 > 硫酸_及/或硫酸 亞鐵在較低之溫度下，將由於其濃度達到硫酸線及/或疏 酸亞鐵之溶解度上限而發生沈澱。此外，其極限電流密度 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X 297公釐） 。_Packing ------- Order -------- I This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297. mm) 470831 A7 B7 Employees ’Cooperatives, Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed 5. Description of the invention (/) _) (In Figures 1 and 2, this position Er is represented by a complete solid line) to a position E (more or less distant from the radius) The position E inside is indicated by a dotted line). The rest position E R is defined by the position of the block 36 of the centrifugal fly hammer against the transmission case cover 20. This causes a relative axial displacement between the projection 32 of each centrifugal flyweight and the axis of rotation 28 of the centrifugal flyweight. This displacement of the protrusion 3 2 closer to the movable plate 27 can correspond to the compression of a spring element 14 installed between the protrusion 32 and the holding plate 26, and / or to the movable plate. One of 27 is moved toward the holding plate 26 in the direction of the holding clutch 18. In the example shown in the drawings, the spring element 3 4 is constituted by two diaphragm spring washers, which are arranged side by side against each other. When the transmission is in a stationary state as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, the spring element 34 transmits a preload force to the transmission case cover via the centrifugal fly hammer 29 resting in the resting position ER. 20, the pre-pressing force holds the clutch 18, so that the input shaft 2a of the transmission is coupled to the output shaft 2b, and the output shaft 2b rotates together with the transmission, and the transmission A direct drive device capable of transmitting a torque of up to a certain maximum torsion is formed, which is determined by the preload force of the spring element 34. The teeth of the planetary gear 11 and the crown gear 8 of the sun gear 9 belong to the spiral gear type. Therefore, each pair of gear teeth meshing under load will have opposite axial thrust, which is proportional to the transmitted circumferential tangential force, and therefore, the torque of the input shaft 2 a 15 ----------- -Installation -------- Order --------- 0 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 470831 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (/)) It is directly proportional to the torque of the output shaft 2 b . The direction of the helix angle of the gear teeth is selected so that when it is transmitting the driving torque, the axial thrust occurring in the crown gear 8 (see FIG. 2) is applied to the crown gear 8 via the first transmission The component 17a and the axial thrust bearing B2 are pushed against the movable plate 27 in a direction separating the retaining plate 26 and the movable plate 27, thereby disengaging the clutch 18 from the engaged state. This axial thrust Pa also tends to bring the protrusions 3 2 and the retaining plates 2 6 of the centrifugal flyweight 29 into close proximity to each other, and therefore bring or keep the centrifugal flyweight 29 to their stationary position Εκ Up and squeeze the spring element 3 4. The planetary gear 1 1 meshes not only with the crown gear 8 but also with the sun gear 9. The planetary gear 1 1 encounters two opposite axial reaction forces PS 1 and PS 2, which are opposite axial reaction forces. The forces cancel each other out, and the sun gear 8 encounters an axial thrust P 〃 when meshing with the planetary gear 11. The axial thrust P aP is equal in strength to the axial thrust P of the crown gear 8, but The axial thrust P a is opposite to the crown gear 8 in the direction. . The axial thrust P a P of the sun gear 9 is transmitted to the housing 4 through an axial thrust bearing B 3. This type of situation is shown in Figure 2. Assuming that the above-mentioned operating state has been achieved, the basic operation of the transmission will now be explained. As long as the torque transmitted by the input shaft 2 a makes the axial thrust P ac in the crown gear 8 sufficient to push back the projection 3 2 ′ of the centrifugal flyweight 2 9 via the spring element 3 4 at the clutch holding plate The separation between 26 and the movable plate 27 makes the discs 19 and 22 slipping against each other and no longer transmitting torque between each other. The planetary gear support 13 can therefore be different from the input shaft 16 ----------- ----- IIII order ---------------- Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page again for this matter) This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 470831 A7 B7 Five employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy printed a description of the invention (丨 τ) 2 a speed rotation Moreover, it tends to be fixed due to the influence of the load to be driven by the output shaft 2b. As a result, the planetary gear 11 tends to act as a moving commutator, that is, the sun gear 9 is rotated in a direction opposite to that of the crown gear 8. But this was blocked by Freewheel 16. The sun gear is therefore fixed by the free wheel 16 and the planetary gear holder 13 rotates at a speed between the zero speed of the sun gear 9 and the speed of the crown gear 8 and the input shaft 2 a. The German device therefore acts like a reduction gear. For example, assuming that the rotation speed is accelerated and the torque is maintained, when the centrifugal force of the centrifugal flying hammer 2 9 generates an axial clamping force on the movable plate 27 (relative to the holding plate 2 6), it reaches a more axial thrust force. P a. When it is large, the centrifugal flyweights 25 rise to their positions E (see FIG. 1), and the movable plate 27 is pushed toward the holding plate 26 to complete a direct drive, which is different from that shown in FIG. 1. The only place shown is that the spring is more compressed by the protrusion 32 of the centrifugal fly hammer. When the clutch 18 becomes a direct drive, the power is gradually transmitted directly from the crown gear 8 (the crown gear is connected to the input shaft 2 a) to the planetary gear holder 1 3 (the planet gear is connected to the output shaft). Rod 2 b). As a result, the degree of participation of the teeth of the planetary gear train 7 becomes less and less, that is, they transmit less and less force. The axial thrust P a c is gradually reduced 'and finally eliminated completely. Therefore, the axial thrust due to the centrifugal force can be fully used to push the holding plate 26 toward the movable plate 27 to abut against each other. Then, the rotation speed of the output shaft 2 b is reduced, and / or to be adjusted by 17 ----------- --------- order --------- 0 ( Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page.) This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 470831 A7 B7. 5. Description of the invention (丨 ^) (Please read the notes on the back first Please fill in this page again.) The increase of the transmitted torque will reach a critical point, at which the centrifugal flyweight 2 9 no longer provides a sufficient clamping force in the clutch 18 to transmit the torque. In this case, the clutch 18 starts to slip. The speed of the sun gear 19 decreases until it completely disappears. The free wheel 16 causes the sun gear to come to a standstill, and the gear tooth force P reappears, so that the clutch is disengaged, so that the operation of the transmission device becomes the same reduction gear. Therefore, each time the reduction gear operation is changed to the direct drive operation, or when the direct drive operation is changed to the reduction gear operation, the axial force P a. It will change to stabilize the newly established transmission ratio. On the one hand, this is very advantageous, because too frequent changes can be avoided near certain operating critical points, while on the other hand, the slipping state of the clutch 18 can be caused only temporarily. In the example shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the coupling device 17 is installed between the first transmission member 17a and the second transmission member 17b. In this zone, these two have a relative axis 1 2 In the form of a radial spoke, which can be understood from the more obvious illustration in FIG. The printed connection device 17 of the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs includes an elastic blade 3 7 having a first end 3 7 a and a second end 3 7 b, the first end 3 7 a is firmly connected to the first transmission member 17 a by a rivet 4 1 a, and the second end 3 7 b is also firmly connected to the second transmission member 17 7 b by a rivet 3 7 b. The blade 3 7 has two sections 3 7 c and 3 7 d between the first transmission member 17 a and the second transmission member 17 b. The section 3 7 c is adjacent to the first end 3 7 a. And it is bent towards the direction of the second transmission member 1 7 b, and the section 3 7 d is adjacent to the second end 3 7 b. This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 470831 A7 B7 Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau's Consumer Cooperatives V. Invention Description (1U, and facing in the other direction, that is, 'bends in the direction of the first transmission member 17a. When the first transmission member 17a is along the axis When moving toward the second transmission member 1 7 b, the curvature of the 'section 3 7 c and the section 3 7 d increases or decreases. The coupling device is provided with a plurality of sets of blades 37, as shown in FIG. 4, These blade systems are distributed around the axis 12 as shown in Figure 3. The orientation system of the blade 37 is more or less tangential to utilize the tensile stress inside the blade 37 to transmit the driving torque. An arrow 39 indicates this The direction of the driving torque. As shown by the dotted line, it can start from the second transmission member 1 7 b and set along the periphery. The blades 3 7 e in other tangential directions utilize the tensile stress in these blades 3 7 e to transfer the negative torque generated by the engine running in the braking mode (that is, the torque in the opposite direction of direction 39). When there is no such additional blade 37e, the blade 37 transmits this negative torque with compressive stress. The blade 37 is designed and selected to use the thickness, length, width and material that can provide the following functions and effects These functions and effects are: one during the axial movement of the first transmission member 17 a relative to the second transmission member 17 b, the blades 37 can flex elastically and substantially without resistance; one by one The blades 37 can transmit the rotational torque of the engine 5 from the second transmission member 17b to the first transmission member 17a; and the blades 37 provide the first transmission member 17a to the axis 12—one Full center alignment effect. To achieve this, these blades 37 are very thin to be able to apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) to 19 ^ paper size -------- --- Install -------- Order ------ --- Green (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 470831 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7. V. Description of the invention (/)) Has very good elasticity, these blades 3 7 are also relatively The ground is wide so that they are thin, but have a sufficient cross-section to transmit the torque, and the retreating blades 37 are also long enough to disregard the first transmission member 17a and the second transmission member 17b. What is the axial position, still more or less staying in a radial spoke. According to a specific embodiment, these blades 37 can be made of, for example, spring steel with a thickness of about 0.7 millimeters (mm) and a length of about 3 or 4 cm (cm) to allow an axial stroke of about 2 mm. As shown, it may be advantageous to stack the blades at least in pairs. The stacked two blades 37 have the same torque transmission capability as a single double-thick blade, but can have greater flexibility. In use, the crown gear 8 has a tendency to align itself naturally with the center of the planetary gear 11 which is arranged angularly around the axis 12. The effect of this self-alignment is due to the repulsive force of the gear teeth. This repulsive force is directed to the axis 12 in the radial direction, and the repulsive force occurs on the gear teeth of the crown gear 8 and each planetary gear 1 1 Between the teeth. Thus, the coupling device 1 γ provides only a partial positioning of the first transmission member 17 a relative to the center of the second transmission member 17 b. If necessary, 'an auxiliary sliding center positioning device can be provided without compromising the good effect of the present invention, because this auxiliary center positioning device will be designed so that it will not transmit torque, and this torque will still be retained only by the coupling device 17 to pass. In the example shown in Fig. 5, the blades 3 7 at the ends 3 7 a and 3 7 b are made of a material with a large thickness, and in the curved part 3 7 20 This paper size applies Chinese national standards ( CI ^ S) A4 Specifications --- ----------- Install .------- Order .-------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling (This page) A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention Description () C and 3 7 d are made of thinner materials. In the example shown in Fig. 6, the coupling device 17 includes a metal folding sound portion 47, which has a first tubular end 4a and a second tubular end 4b. The first end 4 7 a is welded to the first transmission member 17 a, and the second end 4 7 b is also welded to the second transmission member 17 b, and the first transmission member 17 a is for this purpose In the direction along the axis 12, an end shaped like a shaft end is provided. The second transmission member 17b is also provided with an end shaped like a shaft end for this purpose. The folded part 4 7 series can be compressed along the axial direction without appreciable elastic resistance. At the same time, it can transmit the rotational torque of the engine without excessive torsional deformation, and at the same time ensure the shaft of the first transmission member 1 7 a. The tip is positioned relative to the proper center of the axis 12. In the example shown in the upper part of Fig. 7, the coupling device 17 includes a disk 57 having a ring-shaped undulation centered on the axis 12. The annular disk 5 7 has a peripheral edge 5 7 a which is welded to the outer periphery of the first transmission member 17 a and an peripheral edge 5 7 b which is welded to the outer periphery of the second transmission member 17 b. The disc 5 7 makes it possible to move the first transmission member 17 a in the axial direction relative to the second transmission member 17 b by the bending portion without a detectable elastic blocking force, and At the same time, it is ensured that the first transmission member 17a is properly positioned relative to the second transmission member 17b with the axis 12 as the center, and at the same time, the torsional force is transmitted to the first transmission member 17b with no deformation. One transmission member 17a. 21 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ----------- -------- Order (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 470831 ^ _ Printed by the Consumer Property Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 Invention Description) The variation shown at the bottom of Figure 7 is only the first transmission member 17 a The shape is different. In this case (different from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), the transmission component 17 a of the No. 1 factory should be integrated with a set of outer wheel teeth 5 8 carried by a shaft 5 9, for example. Two of these transmission members (in this example, 1 7 a) thus contain a hard flange disc 6 1 which connects the shaft 5 9 to the undulating disc 5 7 outer peripheral edge 5 7 a segment welded together. In the modification shown in Fig. 8, the disc 5 7e is made flat. This variation is applicable when the axial displacement is very small, or when the available radial size makes it possible to produce a large-diameter disc, or when the transmitted torque is relatively small, and When it becomes possible to have a thinner disk than that shown in FIG. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, the coupling device 17 includes a plurality of spherical spheres 67 arranged in four axial directions arranged on a 12-axis axis. Each column is arranged in a generally cylindrical channel. Half of this channel is formed by a groove 6 8 a with a semi-circular contour. The groove 6 8 a is the first transmission member 1 7 a. One part, and the other half of the channel is formed by a groove 6 8 b having a semicircular contour, and the groove 6 8 b is a part of the second transmission member 17 b. The diameters of these grooves 6 8 a and 6 8 b are slightly larger than those of the round spheres 6 7. A groove 6 8 a having a radius provided above the cylindrical opening of the first transmission member 17 a is opened radially toward the axis 12. The groove 6 8 b is formed on a cylindrical surface of the second transmission member 17 b and is opened radially toward the direction away from the central axis 12. The paper size of the first transmission member 1 7 a 22 applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ----------- ^ ------- -Order --------- line (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 470831 A7 _______ _______ B7 V. Description of the Invention (> 0) Hole There is a small clearance 7 1 between the cylindrical wall 6 9 a of the second transmission member 1 7 b and the cylindrical wall 6 9 b of the second transmission member 1 7 b. The system can be slidably placed in the opening 6 9 a. The spherical sphere 6 7 is installed between each track 6 8 a and 6 8 b without any radial clearance, so that the first transmission member 17 a is ensured relative to the second transmission member without friction. 1 7 b center positioning effect. With the existence of at least two balls 6 7 in each row, the coupling device 17 also ensures a strict axial alignment between the first transmission member 17 a and the second transmission member 17 b. When the component 17 a moves axially relative to the second transmission component 17 b, each ball 6 7 rolls on the two tracks 6 8 a and 6 8 b where it is located. During the transmission of the rotational torque in the direction of the arrow 39, one surface 7 2 b of each groove 6 8 b laterally supports the ball 6 7 and presses the ball 6 7 against each groove 6 8 a The opposite 7 2 a. The groove surfaces 7 2 a and 7 2 b are inclined at an angle with respect to the circumferential tangential direction centered on the axis 12. The balls 6 7 are, for example, made of steel material for ball bearings, by virtue of their resistance to shear stress along the interface between the two transmission members 1 7 a and 17 b and the surface of the groove The resistance to the compressive stress of 7 2 a and 7 2 b transmits the rotational torque from the second transmission member 17 b to the first transmission member 17 a. When the travel of the transmission member 17a in the axial direction is limited for some reason, there is no danger that the transmission member 17a will jump off the end of the transmission member 17b. Conversely, there will be a ball 6 7 jumping off the left end of Figure 9, at the 23 ----------- t -------- order --------- End (please read the phonetic on the back? Matters before filling out this page) Applicable to the Chinese national standard (Stone Rs) A4 ^ grid (210 X 297 public ") 470831 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 5 2. The two grooves 6 8 a and 6 8 b of each channel of the invention are open. In order to prevent this risk, an elastic buckle 7 4 installed in an appropriate groove of the first transmission member 17 a is used as an axial stop to block the ball closest to this end of each channel 6 8 6 7. In the example shown; at the other end (that is, at the right end), the groove 6 8 b integrated with the second transmission member 17 b is closed at the end portion 75. In the example shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the coupling device 17 includes cylindrical needles 7 7, and the axes 7 7 a of the cylindrical needles 7 7 are arranged radially with respect to the axis 12. The needle rollers 7 7 are distributed in four columns. The four columns are angularly equidistantly arranged in four channels 7 8 around the axis 12, the four channels 7 8 are parallel to the axis 12 and have a rectangular shape. Section. Each channel is jointly defined by the radially inner surface 6 9 a of the first transmission member 17 a and the radially outer surface 6 9 b of the second transmission member 17 b. Each channel 78 is defined by two recessed upper anti-angle structures 7 8 a, 7 8. The first upper anti-angle structure is a part of the first transmission member 17 a, and the other upper anti-angle structure. It is part of the second transmission member 17 b. Each upper counter-angle structure includes a flat working track 8 2 a, 8 2 b for the roller pin 7 7 and an end thrust surface 8 3 a and 8 3 b. The working rails 8 2 a and 8 2 b are radii parallel to the axis passing through the roller pin 7 7 and are therefore perpendicular to a circumferential tangential direction centered on the axis 12. The orientation of the end thrust surfaces 8 3 a and 8 3 b is tangent to the axis 12. The working track 8 2 a of the first transmission member 17 a is alternately turned clockwise and counterclockwise with the axis 12 as the center of rotation 24 ---------- I equipment ---- ---- Order --------- Line I (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to the Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm_) : 47083ί Α7 Β7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (> τ), so that two rollers 7 7 with opposite diameters along the channel 7 8 transmit the rotational torque in one direction. The roller pins 7 8 in the other two channels transmit the rotational torque in the other direction. When the torsion is transmitted by the needle rollers, they are all subjected to a compressive stress between two opposite orbits 8 2 a and 8 2 b in their respective channels 78. Figure 14 shows that the needles 7 7 in the same channel can be installed in a casing 8 4 in which the needles 7 7 can be rotated about themselves. When the first transmission member 17 a and the second transmission member 17 b move relative to each other in the axial direction, in the respective passage 7 8, the cover 8 4 is interposed between the two members 1 7 Move at an intermediate speed between a and 1 7 b. Differences in the examples shown in Figs. 15 to 18 from the previous examples will now be described. Each row of needle rollers 7 7 is replaced with a single roller 8 7 whose radius R (see FIG. 8) is large enough that when the previous first transmission member 17 a is completed relative to the second When all the axial sliding movements of the transmission member 17 b are performed, the roller rotates only about 15 to 20 degrees. Therefore, the roller need not have a complete rolling arc surface, but only two cylindrical rolling arc surfaces 8 7 a and 8 7 b opposite to each other at both ends of the diameter. Opposite parallel flat faces 8 7 c are separated. In use, as shown in FIG. 15, the two flat surfaces 8 7 c are oriented transversely to the axis 12. As a result, the axial dimension of the coupling device 17 of this embodiment is particularly small. In channel 7 8 the distance between two opposite orbits 8 2 a and 8 2 b is equal to 2 R 'hence' it is 25. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297) ) ----------- Install -------- Order --------- Winding (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 470831 A7 B7 Ministry of Economy Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau's Consumer Cooperatives V. Invention Description (V1)) is much larger than the distance shown in the examples shown in Figure 11 to Figure 14. Specific embodiments of this type make it necessary to ensure that the rollers 87 do not slide on the track, rather than rolling on the track. In order to achieve this, each of the rolling surfaces 8 7 a or 8 7 b is provided with an engaging structure 8 9 or 8 9 b, and these two engaging structures are adjacent to the rolling arc surface 8 7 a or 8 7 b, respectively. The midpoint of the curved side edge of one. In the illustrated example, each of the engaging structures 8 9 a or 8 9 b is an intermeshing gear tooth, and the shape of the gear tooth is an involute of the same circumference. Each tooth 8 9 a or 8 9 b is engaged with an auxiliary engaging structure (tooth space) 9 1 a or 9 1 b formed in the corresponding working track 8 2 a or 8 2 b. The pitch circles C p (see FIG. 18) of the two gear teeth 8 9 a and 8 9 b of the same roller 8 7 are the same as the circles of the rolling surfaces 8 7 a and 8 7 b. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 17, at each cylindrical end of the roller, there is an area indicated by an oblique line, which is in rolling contact with the corresponding track 8 2 a or 8 2 b and is outside the area. Where there is a belt-like zone without oblique lines, the center of the belt-like zone is provided with gear teeth, which are used to engage the tooth space 9 1 a or 9 1 b in order to serve as the roller relative to each transmission member. Angle indicators of 1 7 a and 1 7 b. The diameter of the pitch circle C p and the tooth geometry are selected for the foreseen axial displacement stroke between the two transmission members 1 7 a and 17 b, so that between the two transmission members 17 a and 17 b During the entire relative axial displacement, the gear teeth 8 9 a and 8 9 b and the tooth spaces 9 1 a and 9 1 b are kept in meshing state. The example shown in FIG. 19 differs from the example shown in FIG. 15 only in that the second transmission member 1 7 b is now the inner side in the radial direction, and the 26 paper sizes are applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification ( 210 X 297 mm) ----------- -Packing -------- Order --------- line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) 470831 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (y ^) The first transmission member 17 a is formally a crown gear firmly with gear teeth 8 shown in FIG. 1. Compared with the example shown in Fig. 16, the example shown in P 2, 0 contains two differences, and these two differences can be applied independently of each other. · Two rollers 8 7 d with larger diameter and two other rollers 8 7 e with smaller diameter alternate with each other. The larger diameter roller 8 7 d will bear the pressure during the transmission of the driving torque, while the other two smaller diameter rollers 8 7 e will bear the pressure during the transmission of the torque in the braking mode. The torque of this braking mode is lower than Driving torque. These rollers are eccentric with respect to the diameter of the tangent axis 12, one of every two rollers is eccentrically set along a circumferential tangent direction, and the other roller is eccentrically set along the other circumferential tangent direction. . These rollers are thus classified into two groups, rather than being regularly distributed around the axis 12. The configuration of this internal transmission member (in this example, the transmission member 17a) results in a structure that is more compact and therefore more robust than the specific embodiment shown in FIG. 16. In the example in Fig. 20, the indexing teeth for the roller are not shown, but such teeth can also be provided. Figures 21 and 22 show a modified embodiment which can be applied to the examples shown in Figures 15 to 20 to ensure the stability of its coupling before it is assembled into the transmission Sex. In particular, from Figure 15 it will be understood that if the first transmission member is prevented from moving too far to the left in the figure, this indexing indicator gear can ensure the stability of the coupling. In the example in Figure 19, it is also necessary to prevent the transmission member 1 7 a 27. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 rule (210 X 297 mm) " ---------- -^ · ------- Order * -------- Line (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 470831 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Explanation (v <) moved too far to the right. Such excessive movement is at least prevented by the rest of the transmission in the examples of Figs. However, there is a risk of p-degree movement before assembly. In order to prevent this from happening, a spring wire fixing device 92 is provided. The spring wire fixing device includes a central section 93 and two fixed tabs 9 4 which are fixed to the diameter The inward transmission member (in this example, 17 b), and the two fixed wings 94 are located on either side of the central section 9 3 and support the flat surface 8 7 c of the independent roller, In particular, it rests in a groove 96 provided on the flat surface for this purpose. The central section 9 3 passes through a milling groove 9 7 that crosses the second transmission member 1 7 b laterally, and forms a loop on the other side of the second transmission member 1 7 b. The aforementioned loop has a hook shape 9 80. A spring wire between the central section 9 3 and each of the fixed fins 94 passes through a positioning hook portion 9 9 provided on a corresponding front surface of the transmission member 17 b. With such a device, when the first transmission member 17a moves in a direction that causes the roller 87 to move to the side where the fixed fin 94 is located, the latter first elastically deforms and eventually prevents the roller from changing more. Move further. When the latter uses the indexing gear teeth 8 9 a and 8 9 b to determine the positions relative to the two transmission members 17 a and 17 b, the immobility of the roller will prevent the two transmission members 17 a and 17 Further relative axial movement between 1 7 b. Fig. 21 also illustrates that the present invention can install another fixing device in the same milling groove 97, which is to be positioned on the other surface of the transmission member 17b so as to abut the other side of the roller, And take this limit 28 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) -------- Order ---- The size of thread paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ) 470831 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (νί) Axial relative displacement in another direction of movement. Scientifically, fixing a single roller is enough to fix the axial relative displacement of the two transmission members to each other. Each fixing device shown makes the two rollers fixed in one moving direction. This immobilization effect can be further enhanced by installing one or two fixtures on the other two rollers of the coupling device. In the examples of Fig. 23 and Fig. 24, the rollers like 87 are omitted to simplify the description of the structure. In this example, the fixing device includes a U-shaped spring wire 102. A central section 103 of the U-shaped spring wire 102 is fixed on the front side of one of these transmission members (17b) by a hook 1009. The two ends 9 4 of the U-shaped spring wire 10 2 form an elastic axial thrust stop tab to a corresponding surface of another transmission member (1 7 a). In the present invention, two fixing devices opposed to each other along the diameter (only one is shown in the figure), and two other fixing devices (not shown in the figure) are provided on the other front side of the transmission members 17 a and 17 b. Naturally, The invention is not limited to the examples described above. In particular, the application of the present invention is not limited to the transmission device previously described with reference to Figs. For example, the first transmission member can be integrated with the sun gear 9 of a planetary gear train. Furthermore, the number of 'blades, rollers, and the number of rows of balls or needles can be different from those described in the foregoing various examples. 29 Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) nn ^^ 1 ^^ 1 n Bn nn ^^ 1 / ^ 1 «1 ^ 1 n 1 1 nnn ^ 1 · m I (Please read first Note on the back page, please fill in this page again) 470783 A 7 B7 V. Description of the invention) p Η of the solution is in the range of 1.0 to 3.0; M and the concentration of nickel ions and ferrous ions in the plating solution In total, the relationship between M (in ο 1 / il), the average flow rate of the plating solution, U (m / s), and the current density in electrolysis, IUA / dm 2) satisfies the equation (1) under M. 11 ^ (11 ^^ 0 = 50 to 150 ...... (1) The plating layer on the surface of the steel plate may be an alloy zinc-dip coating layer containing iron in the range of 7 to 15 wt.%. In addition, The electroplated layer on the surface of the steel plate may be a zinc electroplated layer or a zinc dip-plated layer. In this patent specification, the F e-Ni-0 film formed on the surface of the hafnium layer as an upper layer is sometimes referred to simply as a "film" "M is different from the zinc or wrought zinc layer referred to as the" plating layer "as the lower layer. Next, the reasons for restricting the manufacturing conditions of the present invention will be described. In the present invention, nickel sulfate and ferrous sulfate are used as The composition of the electroplated layer of Fe-H i-0 film formed on the surface of the galvanized layer of the galvanized steel sheet, because when the galvanized steel sheet to be formed of the Fe-Ni-O film is used as the cathode, these sulfates are suitable for effectively Fe, Ni, and 0 are introduced into the film to be formed. Under the M, the total concentration of nickel sulfate and ferrous sulfate is designated as 0.1 to 2.0. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the back first) Note for refilling this page) raol / A, and M0.1 to 0.5mol / Jl better basis. When the total concentration Below 0.1 m ο 1 / A, due to the lower conductivity of the plating power, the voltage for power supply solution will be higher, so a rectifier that can be used for higher voltage is needed. Therefore, such a low concentration is not appropriate On the other hand, a total concentration exceeding 2.0 m ο 1 / A > sulfuric acid and / or ferrous sulfate at a lower temperature will reach the solubility of the sulfuric acid line and / or ferrous acid due to its concentration Precipitation occurs at the upper limit. In addition, the paper size of this paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X 297 mm).