470777 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（ L ) 1 I 發 明 m 景 1 1 I 本 發 明 係 關 於 一 種 具 有 增 進 韌 性 之 横 具 > 其 變 形 或 ttixt 愿 1 1 變 因 熱 處 理 而 被 儘可能抑制至最小 著 重 於 執 的 模 具 用 ，·"\ 請 1 | 先 1 鋼 的 熱 處 理 t 而 且 特 別 著 重 於 用 真 空 淬 火 爐 之 埶 處 理 » 閱 讀 1 # 1 並 有 關 於 其 淬 火 方 法 0 1¾ 之 L 在 習 用 模 具 等 之 淬 火 中 通 常 為 迅 速 冷 卻 -· 原 先 在 其 意 1 1 事 1 高 溫 側 之 冷 卻 階 段 使 不 構 成 會 被 析 出 的 碳 化 物 和 吐 粒 散 項 再 1 鐵 然 後 在 起 冷 沃 斯 田 鐵 區 之 低 溫 側 比 較 媛 慢 冷 卻 1 Μ 寫 本 私 1 防 淬 火 裂 痕 之 發 生 t 並 使 逐 漸 進 行 麻 田 散 體 之 轉 移 0 頁 '> 1 | 然 而 t 已 發 琨 金 鼷 模 具 在 高 溫 側 如 上 述 迅 速 被 冷 卻 時 1 I 易 被 變 形 > 而 且 由 於 在 低 溫 側 中 逐 漸 冷 卻 而 易 發 生 變 韌 1 1 體 和 降 低 韌 性 〇 因 此 * 近 來 已 採 取 一 種 淬 火 方 法 Μ 不 1 訂 發 生 碳 化 物 和 吐 粒 散 m 之 較 低 速 率 在 高 溫 側 中 冷 卻 模 具 1 之 方 法 > 並 於 低 溫 側 迅 速 冷 卻 Μ 防 變 韌 體 結 構 被 析 出 ύ 1 1 因 為 鑲 鋁 所 甩 模 具 重 複 曝 於 熔 融 的 鉛 t 在 模 表 面 上 由 1 1 於 熱 疲 勞 故 易 於 發 生 熱 裂 而 且 在 發 生 此 等 開 裂 不 良 情 1 1 形 之 處 當 熱 裂 發 展 成 為 大 的 裂 □ 而 有 大 的 間 隙 t 而 且 1 金 屬 模 在 使 用 之 際 如 熱 裂 加 深 而破ν裂時 9 裂 口 將 轉 移 至 1 | 產 品 〇 1 1 為 抑 制 熱 裂 發 生 和 發 展 已 知 Μ 提 高 模 具 的 硬 度 而 有 1 效 增 進 其 強 度 〇 如 果 單 純 提 高 硬 度 則 另 一 方 面 材 料 的 1 I 韌 性 會 被 降 低 > 因 而 有 使 小 的 熱 裂 勿 然 變 成 大 的 裂 0 之 1 顧 慮 〇 為 了 提 高 7T3S 度 而 又 維 持 韌 性 » 已 知 須 淬 冷 模 具 使 1 I 有 比 較 細 微 的 結 構 ( 觫 田 散 结 構 或 較 低 的 針 狀 變 韌 體 结 1 I -3 1 1 1 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X297公釐) 470777 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（2 ) 構），並儘量抑制使少發生上部（如塊狀）變韌體结構。 為符合此項需求，須採用迅速淬火冷卻法，但是大多 數用於鑲模的模具通常有複雜的形狀，不規則的厚度和 小的切削裕度。因為此種模具產物在迅速淬火冷卻階段 易於開裂或變形，通常採用一種方法，包括之步驟為： 在真空爐中加熱於模具，當其在高溫之時從真空爐中取 出；吹送空氣使從淬火溫度冷卻；在量測冷卻階段中途 變形之際，控制空氣吹送之實施。因此，此項淬火方法 需要耐熱操作和高度技巧。 此外，吹送空氣之冷卻不能提供足夠的冷卻速率，而 且在冷卻階段的過程中必然使模具表面部份發生脫碳琨 象。脫碳部份留在切削裕度小的模具表面上，而且加速 熱裂的發生，因而縮短模具的使用壽命，並且造成一種 缺失，脫碳層可能成為模具之水冷孔内部部份中之大裂 口的原因，使利用於鑲模之模具在熱處理之後不能承受 加工作業。 因為上述兩種原因，近來真空熱處理亦採用於模_模 具的淬火，K求防姐其被脫碳，Μ <及使在熱處理後之加 工作業減至最少。典型者以氮氣為代表之惰性氣體在真 空熱處理爐中被用於冷卻，因為冷卻能力由增加氣體壓 力而昇高，冷卻是在高壓下進行，例如，琨今在相同真 空爐中用6巴爾和10巴爾（Bar)。 然而，這些真空爐，使用高壓氣體主要是為了高速工 具鋼等，具有小至中度直徑（約5毫米直徑至5 0毫米直 -4- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS )八4規格（210X297公釐） 470777 A7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 B7五、發明説明（b ) 徑）而設計並予使用者，所以對大型模具，其如具有複 雜形狀及厚度差異大者，會發生不均勻的冷卻速率，這 些真空爐就發生變勸體和變形之見解，在目前情況難以 滿意使用。 另外，在平常的真空淬火中，被導入爐中之冷卻氣體 在吹送之後，冷卻氣體經過熱交換器冷卻以供再予利用 。所以，因為氣體由於絶熱膨脹而處於低溫，在模具被 送入爐内之後立即被氣體冷卻，然而，重複使用的冷卻 氣體随箸熱交換器的能力而變熱，在重複使用的冷卻氣 體之情況中，冷卻速率易於變小。 在這種情形中，在初步冷卻階段中模具快速冷卻易於 變形或翹曲；在隨後的冷卻階段由於不足的冷卻速率變 勒體結構易於析出。為避免這種不良情形，模具的淬火 是在真空加熱並從爐中取出之後，在調節冷卻速率之際 吹送空氣而進行，如上所述。然而，這樣的方法造成模 具在冷卻期間被脱磺。 另外，習用對大件製品之如模鑲模具者以真空爐淬火 之技術，已知有一種方法，模具在高溫側被逐漸冷卻而 在低溫側快速冷卻，利用氣冷和油冷結合（日本公開特 許8-67909) ^然而此一方法因需大型冷卻裝置以及除 去因油冷而黏於模面之油之清潔操作而不方便。 發明概述 本發明之目的在於解決快速冷卻易於加重模具之變形 ，以及在使用高壓氣體冷卻於真空爐之優良待性時而易 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 470777 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 率將造的於橫 發處 氣速率比 散變轉而卻導明擊 速決所目由長 項熱 在卻速用 田。體足冷，說衝 高解理為少延 此空 ，冷卻料 麻量散不之高解樑 K ,處具減，。 ，真 爐的冷材。與熱田率近昇圖單 在 果熱模 Μ 度法成在 空料高的形而出麻速附有 Μ 和 , 结空之 ，裕方完述 真材要率變移發比卻之偶示間 係的真裂高削火而上 之現需速之轉身顯冷點度表時 其 驗在熱提切淬琨決 卻發 ，卻翹的本明於移溫圖需 , 實鋼耐被低的發解 冷中上冷曲熱郝 ，由轉或 3 所 題多具和而降具之效 體圖般髙止放«V值果體 ，第區 問眾模性變 ，模述有 氣從一需防是際熱如韌示。移 之 到作韌轉變供下 Μ 壓 ，。不於移之加 ，變所足轉 述 得熱有之改提如得 高係化而在轉移的 Μ 而圖不體 上 功之具體碼亦人而 用關變，要體轉克所大 2 加韌 如。成具供韌尺明明測 有之大卻主韌體 \。 變第更變 等用已模提變或發發檢。具間重冷 ，變韌卡少值如率過 構作明用 Μ 制形本於與題一率有體卻為變18較熱 ，速通 結碳發擠且抑變。基驗問在速而氣冷因在約或加果卻段 體脫本熱而Μ的命經貿項示卻力壓體 -，有克 ，结冷階 韌生 ，或 ，是成壽已項各表冷壓高氣面同具 \ 體之之卻 變不之 _ 題者造用明各之圖和體用的方不移卡韌止近冷 生時言模問兩理使發過中 1 力氣料壓 一移轉 5 變停附火 發却'換作的此處之本經爐第壓隨材低另轉體大生.被其淬 於冷. 用成 ，熱具 現理 體率之較 體韌移發有致在 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210 X乃7公釐） 470777 A7 B7 五、發明説明（5 ) 值間之關係。變韌體轉移時間耗時長，則韌性明顯降低 。然而，縱使變韌體轉移開始出琨於淬火冷卻階段；亦 有可能於隨後Μ快逑冷卻而得到高的韌性。 如於良好時機引入新的冷卻氣體並提高氣體壓力，則 可能提高在變韌體轉移區中的冷卻率並抑制變韌體結構 出現。 因為氣體被導入真空爐的冷卻室中，在用於冷卻被處 理模具之後而變暖，氣體被饋入一熱交換器再次冷卻，然 後再用Μ冷卻模具。如果對如模鋪模具之比較重者，在 冷卻過程中熱交換器之能力變成不足，使模具受冷卻之氣 體為冷卻不足，因此造成無法得到所需的冷卻速率。此 項關係構成在變韌體轉移點附近冷卻速率降低的原因。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 的韌以。鋼 ，變變 米超 壓與區得具者生之 毫即 加形溫獲橫大發性40亦 人變高而的異易韌 於{ 引就在卻熱差而料。大構 途。可冷理度力材明η结 中高琨速處厚應響發 £體 厚 段提發快熱和熱影本丨韌 階度經以於狀於顯成度變 卻再已區 _ 形由明完深有 。 冷而 ，移現雜在並而有具 係在中具轉發複 ，；因具胞 關M室橫體已有卻卻 -，晶 項可卻之韌等具冷冷卻明 一 此力冷良變人之體之冷發每 到能之優在明具氣緩速本於 意卻爐為而發模壓較快據在 注冷空‘視卻，鐮高行行根徵 經 ，真點冷果模用進進 ，特 已況至觀之結如中區區者其 也狀體之進述其爐溫移別 ， 明此氣者漸上 ，空高轉特具 發W卻兩較從具真之體更模 本冷性比 模在形韌 之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS )八4規格（210X297公釐） 470777 A7 五、發明説明（ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 份米在且模保 加於 進冷。爾度率氣 冷 發 卻 部微，而之面 經在 體二前巴溫速卻。 與 之 冷 之20中 ，明表 中徵 氣第之 4 之卻冷體 力 熱 之 具過具2¾發之 法特 卻之生至 P 冷二氣 壓 中 中 模超模0.本理 方其 冷壓發 100限第卻 之 區 區 火不之於據處 在， 一加移入:3界之冷 體 移 移 sfc & 度明大根熱 ，卻 第經轉引0-之爾一 氣 轉 轉 空長發不，經 法冷 入入體被65出巴第 卻 體 體 真，本曲者中 方被。引引韌在至析10於 冷 韌 韌 被米在翹佳其 之而高於於變具卻鐵至鄗 段 變 變 於毫 ，上較 ， 具體提始卻具模冷散 4 力 階 段 段 出40者得。份 模氣被卻冷模於被粒入壓 火 階 階 析度佳測％部 一卻途冷被在在中吐引之 淬.，卻 卻 丨深較所15面 火冷中之另而徵爐或後體 空解冷 冷 胞至。向 ο 表 淬以卻具具途持空物隨氣 真圖火 火 晶以米縱於之。明吹冷模模中之真化被卻 在之淬 淬 狀，微面大具化發被在，且卻法之碳出冷 明係在 在 針起 2 底不模碳本具力中而冷方體於析二明說關明 明 鐵面於具縮火或據模壓法，在火氣大之第說一般說 說 粒表大模收淬碳根之之方中係淬卻率體，單為一為.，為 肥自不火的空脫 ，空體火爐 ，，冷速韌阻簡圖間圖解圖 的 ，度淬向真被外真氣淬空體者一卻變防之 1 率 2 圖 3 和圍寬空縱 ，不另於卻在真氣再第冷而所式第速第之第 飽範，真在具持 熱冷 至卻 之，，體圖 卻 生. (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 470777 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明 ( 7 ) 1 1 速 與 韌 性 間 之 關 係 之 圖 解 1 1 I 第 4 圖 為 說 明 本 發 明 之 一 具 體 例 中 淬 火 冷 卻 階 段 冷 卻 1 1 氣 體 之 壓 力 與 冷 卻 速 率 間 關 係 之 圖 解 f f—*、 請 1 i 1 第 5 圖 為 說 明 第 4 圖 所 示 本 發 明 淬 火 階 段 之 冷 卻 時 間 閱 讀 1 f 1 t 在 SKD6 1 之 等 溫 轉 移 曲 線 上 之 圖 解 * 之 1 第 6 圖 為 說 明 本 發 明 具 體 例 中 所 用 模 鑲 模 具 (揭 1橫） 之 注 意 1 事 1 尺 碼 與 肜 狀 1 項 再 1 、 第 7 圖 為 根 據 光 學 顯 微 鏡 微 結 構 攝 影 f 在 深 度 40 毫 米 填 寫 本 處 量 測 本 發 明 所 舉 例 模 AJ]C m 模 具 之 表 面 1 頁 *«w^ 1 I 第 8 圖 為 根 據 光 學 顯 微 鏡 結― 構 攝 影 所 說 明 在 用 習 知 1 1 空 氣 吹 冷 所 淬 火 模 潘 之 模 具 表 面 部 份 脫 碳 情 形 0 1 1 發 明 較 佳 具 體 例 1 訂 1 I 在 本 發 明 中 » 各 個 具 有 變 韌 體 结 構 之 晶 胞 限 定 長 度 不 大 於 20 微 米 9 寬 度 不 大 於 2 微 米 > 其 係 因 為 由 於 韌 性 降 1 1 低 在 早 期 易 於 發 生 熱 裂 » 而 且 如 果 各 具 有 變 韌 體 结 構 之 1 1 晶 胞 在 模 具 表 面 被 析 出 而 長 度 超 過 20 微 米 及 / 或 寬 度 超 1 1 過 2 微 米 者 將 發 生 大 的 裂 口 之 故 0 1 在 本 發 明 中 9 模 具 之 深 度 > 在 被<抑 制 發 生 變 韌 體 結 構 1 I 之 深 度 之 内 > 被 限 制 為 不 大 於 40 奄 米 之 深 度 〇 因 為 如 果 1 1 模 具 深 度 (厚度） 為 40 毫 米 > 有 可 能 防 止 熱 裂 發 生 或 發 展 1 L 成 大 的 裂 口 9 甚 至 若 變 韌 體 结 構 之 粗 晶 胞 形 成 於 深 於 40 1 I 毫 米 之 剖 份 並 無 問 題 發 生 0 1 ί 如 模 具 之 翹 曲 超 過 0 . 2% , Μ 及 模 具 在 縱 向 中 收 縮 率 超 1 1 過 0 . 15¾ » 則 成 為 須 在 熱 處 理 之 後 Μ 加 工 處 理 整 個 模 具 1 I -9 ~ 1 1 1 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐) % 470777 A7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 __B7 _五、發明説明（8 ) 或被雕去部份之形狀或尺寸，因而增加工作步驟，造成 製造成本昇高。 所κ ,模具之曲翹和收縮率分別被限制不大於0 . 2 %和 不大於0 . 1 5 %。如果曲翹和收縮率在上述限制值之内，則 幾乎所有模具均可使用而無須加工。 另外，在橫具經熱處理之表面部份内側與外側之間之 硬度和微结構並無差異，表示並無脫碳亦無碳化情形， 此由量測最表面和某些刻入部位之硬度可K便利予Μ確 定者。 再者，對模具的淬火階段，被導入真空爐之冷卻氣體 之壓力在冷卻之中途增高。已被導入真空爐中及已用於 冷卻模具之冷卻氣體被送至熱交換器，經冷卻後又再用 於冷卻模具。換言之，導入真空爐之冷卻氣體被循環於 真空爐和熱交換之間，但如模具為大型之如模鑲模具者 ，冷卻氣體變暖致冷卻能力不足。 所Η ,當冷卻速率放慢則變韌體结構易於析出已如上 述。然而，變韌體结構之析出可以藉由導入一股加壓的 新氣體，使冷卻中途之冷卻速率得/ Μ提高。 在變韌體结構在模具内析出之前必須增加冷卻氣體之 壓力。因為變韌體结構一旦析出則不能被除去.甚至在 達到變韌體尖部U 〇 s e )之後提高氣體壓力亦然，所Μ冷 卻必須儘量快速通過變韌體尖部而進行。 用於冷卻在真空爐中已加熱至淬火溫度之模具之第一 冷卻氣體，因其溫度在氣體被導入真空爐時絕熱膨脹而 -10- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS )八4規格（210Χ 297公釐） \ 470777 Μ Β7 五、發明説明（9 ) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 C 為橫被硬或性這， 第是變 之〇0出 二 低。 本， 力在具之物韌 ，曲。之 ，防 P65析 h 第 減爾空成一 ο 時 壓而橫夠化則率翹卻爾出 Μ 〇 至被 用 被托真造第 之區。足碳 ，速的冷巴析足?3卻物 α 被 為--4而製。 體鐵前有果出高大的10被不 ο 冷化 h 卻 上10，的例 氣田之能如析之更份至構則65當碳t-->冷。質至碳具體 卻斯端可且而要或充 4 結爾 到。之01，段實-2脫模具 冷沃尖不而慢需形以為體巴 達内鐵30是階氣10生加各 一 冷鐵成 ，太不變予力韌 4 面之散至於卻蒙自發增明 第超散變出率於的率壓變於 表區粒卻％ 冷指為成而說 當至粒具析速具多速人止小 至體吐冷移之意佳造因料 。 卻吐模被卻橫更卻導防力 直散了 被轉高詞較會 ，資 率冷或為鐵冷卻有冷 ，Μ 壓 卻田過面體較一力時置细 速具端因散近冷後的前爐之 冷麻通表韌率 J 壓熱裝詳 卻模尖 ，粒附要之制之空體 體冷能的變速空之加型列 冷將之卻吐端需火控出真氣 氣超可具生卻真低在大下 了 Μ 出冷或尖不淬受析入卻 卻謂具模發冷 Γ 減-2需 Μ 昇可析率物在並在 Κ 構進冷 冷所模當未至 ，而10則明 提 ，物速化於而具須结再二。 一在則且然移中 ，於-4發 Μ 爾化之碳由然模具體體第出第為 ，而依轉明氣高10本 所巴碳高止體。成橫韌氣。析被其時 ，部體發大力於 ， ,4 到夠防散低造對變卻要被具 ，度域内氣本之壓低在 低至達足而粒降會是在冷重體模度溫區料卻在力空力琨 降 I 具以度吐被樣但 二為韌 溫之之材冷 壓真壓 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS } Λ4規格（210Χ 297公釐） 470777 A7 B7五、發明説明（1〇 ) 模具之材料組成如表1所示製成，被製成模鑄的公模， 其基底尺寸為200毫米X 200毫米X 90毫米厚，具有一突 塊為其他尺寸如約150毫米X 150毫米X 90毫米厚，形成 於200毫米X200毫米之表面上，如第6圖所示，且有一 孔隙形成於離突塊表面4 0毫米之位置，用以安置量測或 確認冷卻速率之熱電偶。 表1 C Si Μη Cr Mo V Fe 0.37 1.02 0.37 5.35 1.42 0.83 餘量 n. I 1^ - - -.1 I n .....I I —-士良 1^1 I - - - n X» * · ”"、τ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 在裝人一有鞘皮之熱電偶於所得模具中之後，加熱於 模具至預定之淬火溫度而用有效容量約為 〇·4 立方米 (600毫米X 600毫米X 900毫米）之真空爐。在此真空 爐中之真空壓力為1 〇·3托爾。在模具維持於淬火溫度之 預定時間内，用氮氣吹送冷卻。雖然惰性氣體之如氯氣 或氦氣可用於冷卻，但氮氣因有較v高的冷卻能力但不昂 貴而最合用。 冷卻氣體之壓力，K在2巴爾和6巴爾之氣體實際用 於各比較例中，從冷卻開始Μ至冷卻结束；而在本發明 中，模具先用2巴爾或3巴爾之氣體冷卻，然後氣體壓 力增至6巴爾或8巴爾，將模具冷卻至約4 5 0 t。 對於根據本發明之淬火方法，一第二氣體Μ相當於增 -12- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ 297公釐） % 470777 A7 B7 五、發明説明（11 ) 加壓力之量重新導入。 用熱電偶插人模具Μ量測冷卻速率所得結果如第4圖 所示。從中可Μ瞭解根據本發明之淬火方法需要約1 〇分 鐘U)通過變韌體轉移區為最重要，而比較例1需15分 鐘（Β ),比較例2需長達3 0分鐘（C )之時間。 第5圖表示SKD61之等溫轉移曲線所繪出各種冷卻速 率之情形。在完成淬火之後，模具經兩次於5 8 0 Ό X 4小 時之回火而調節至預定硬度HRC48 ,模具之收縮和翹曲 經過最測。所得結果綜合列於表2 。 在比較例1中，在高溫側之冷卻速率高，模具明顯變 形而須或多或少之修整始能使用。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X 297公釐） 470777 A7 B7 五、發明説明（12) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 ΓΓ CT 钭 阚 頰 膝 a ΓΟ He» CO I>0 h-* Φ to 05 CO ro CO ro m [Η CH [Η [e [H 田 m 域 gjfJ 现 m 颂 gffll 郷 1 1 1 1 S 〇> 〇〇 oo 0¾ 2β〇Β 雕 [Β ce CH cs 阚 gBM SSr m ggM 现 郷 d· ο Ο ο o o 〇 ro ο οο ο ς〇 ro N5 I>0 oo cn m m 嫌 m 謙 涞 涞 涞 涞 ο ο V. 〇 o .-—V ο /^N o Η-* Η-* H-* ι—ι Ο ο s_^· Ού w· h—* 'w- to •'v^· 諮 ο ο 〇 o o o DO Ο CD Ο ΓΟ N5 ro -4 ΓΟ cn fO o 戡 鄕 顏 嫌 槲 概 li 抛 涞 涞 y·*—V *s ο Ο 〇 o o 4^. 1~k 1~k )·~^ ο 〇Ί ►—k N? o m 扶 •w· —' -14- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)470777 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention Description (L) 1 I Invention m Scene 1 1 I The present invention relates to a transverse bar with improved toughness > its deformation or ttixt wishes 1 1 Heat treatment is suppressed as much as possible with the focus on the use of molds, " \ Please 1 | first 1 heat treatment of steel t and especially focus on the treatment of vacuum quenching furnace »Read 1 # 1 and its quenching method 0 1¾ of L is usually rapidly cooled in the quenching of conventional molds, etc.-· originally intended 1 1 thing 1 the cooling stage on the high temperature side does not constitute carbides and spitting particles that will be precipitated, then 1 iron and then starts The low-temperature side of the cold Vostian iron district is slower than the original cooling 1 Μ notebook private 1 to prevent the occurrence of quenching cracks t To make the transfer of Asada loose gradually 0 pages' > 1 | However, t has been found that when the metal mold is rapidly cooled on the high temperature side as described above, 1 I is easily deformed > and it is easy to change due to the gradual cooling on the low temperature side. Tough 1 1 body and reduced toughness. Therefore * Recently, a quenching method M has been adopted. A method of cooling the mold 1 in a high temperature side at a lower rate of occurrence of carbides and spitting particles m > and rapid cooling M on a low temperature side The anti-destructive firmware structure was precipitated. 1 1 Because the aluminum-inlaid mold was repeatedly exposed to molten lead t on the surface of the mold, it was prone to thermal cracking due to thermal fatigue, and these cracking symptoms occurred 1 1 When the thermal crack develops into a large crack, and there is a large gap t, and when the metal mold is used, if the thermal crack deepens and breaks, the 9 crack will be transferred to 1 | Product 〇1 1 is Inhibit the occurrence and development of thermal cracking. Increase the hardness of the mold and increase its strength. If the hardness is simply increased, the 1 I toughness of the material will be reduced. Cracking 0 1 Concerns 〇 In order to improve the 7T3S degree and maintain toughness »It is known that the mold must be quenched to make 1 I have a relatively fine structure (Putian powder structure or lower needle-shaped deformed body knot 1 I -3 1 1 1 1 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 mm) 470777 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (2) Structure) (Such as lumps) to deform the body structure. To meet this requirement, rapid quench cooling is required, but most molds used for inserts usually have complex shapes, irregular thicknesses and small cutting margins. Because this kind of mold product is easy to crack or deform during the rapid quenching and cooling stage, a method is usually used, which includes the steps of: heating the mold in a vacuum furnace, and removing it from the vacuum furnace at a high temperature; blowing air to quench the mold Temperature cooling; when measuring deformation during the cooling stage, control the air blowing. Therefore, this quenching method requires heat-resistant operation and high skill. In addition, the cooling of the blown air does not provide a sufficient cooling rate, and decarburization artifacts inevitably occur in the mold surface portion during the cooling stage. The decarburized portion remains on the surface of the mold with a small cutting margin, and accelerates the occurrence of thermal cracking, thereby shortening the service life of the mold and causing a loss. The decarburized layer may become a large crack in the internal part of the water-cooled hole of the mold The reason is that the mold used for the insert cannot withstand the processing operation after the heat treatment. For the above two reasons, vacuum heat treatment has also recently been used for the quenching of molds and molds. K seeks to prevent it from being decarburized, M < and to minimize the additional work after heat treatment. Inert gas, typically nitrogen, is used for cooling in vacuum heat treatment furnaces because the cooling capacity is increased by increasing the gas pressure. Cooling is performed under high pressure. For example, 6 bar and 10 Bar. However, these vacuum furnaces use high-pressure gas mainly for high-speed tool steels, etc., which have small to moderate diameters (about 5 mm diameter to 50 mm straight -4- (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). The paper size is designed and applied to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) 8-4 (210X297 mm) 470777 A7 printed by the Consumers Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (B7, the description of the invention (b) diameter) and is used by the user. If it has a complex shape and a large difference in thickness, uneven cooling rates will occur. These vacuum furnaces have the view of changing body and deformation, which is difficult to use satisfactorily in the current situation. In addition, in ordinary vacuum quenching, the cooling gas introduced into the furnace is blown, and then the cooling gas is cooled by a heat exchanger for reuse. Therefore, because the gas is at a low temperature due to adiabatic expansion, it is cooled by the gas immediately after the mold is fed into the furnace. However, the reused cooling gas becomes hot with the capacity of the heat exchanger. In the case of the reused cooling gas, The cooling rate tends to be small. In this case, rapid cooling of the mold in the preliminary cooling stage is liable to deform or warp; in the subsequent cooling stage, the lenticular structure is liable to precipitate due to insufficient cooling rate. To avoid this problem, quenching of the mold is performed by blowing air while adjusting the cooling rate after vacuum heating and removal from the furnace, as described above. However, such a method causes the mold to be desulfurized during cooling. In addition, the conventional method of hardening large products such as die-set molds with a vacuum furnace is known. A method is known in which the mold is gradually cooled on the high temperature side and rapidly cooled on the low temperature side. The combination of air cooling and oil cooling is used. (Patent No. 8-67909) ^ However, this method is inconvenient due to the large-scale cooling device and the cleaning operation to remove the oil stuck to the mold surface due to oil cooling. Summary of the invention The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of rapid cooling, which is easy to increase the deformation of the mold, and easy to use when using high pressure gas to cool the vacuum furnace (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). This paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 470777 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (4 The printing rate of the staff consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs will cause the air velocity ratio dispersion in the horizontal hair to change, but it will be a direct hit. The speed of the project is determined by the long term heat, but the field is cold. The body is cold, and the high cleavage is said to be less extended, and the cooling material is numb. The high solution beam K is reduced, and the cold material of the real furnace. The rate of near rise is shown in the figure of the fruit hot mold M degree method, and the speed of the empty material is high. At the same time, M and are emptied. The true cracking of the high-cut fire requires the speed to turn and the temperature of the cold spot is turned off. The test results are made in hot-cutting and quenching. In the cold, the upper and lower parts of the song are hot and hot. The body is like a figure, and the «V value fruit body is stopped, and the modality of the second zone is changed. The model describes the vitality from the need to prevent the heat, such as toughness. Move it to make a tough transition for the next pressure. Do not move In addition, the change is adequately described, and some changes are described as highly systemized and transferred in the M, and the specific code of the figure is not used, but the key change is to change the body to 2 to increase the toughness. It has a large but tough main body that is clearly measured by the toughness rule. It has been modified or sent for inspection. The temperature is too cold, and the value of the toughened card is too small. The shape is in the same way as the problem, but it is hotter than 18, and the speed of the carbon junction is squeezed and inhibited. The basic test is that the speed of the air cooling is due to the heat loss of the body and the life of the body. The economic and trade items show a strong pressure on the body-there are grams, jelly, and toughness, or they are the same as the cold-pressed high-pressure surface of the Chengshou item, but the body does not change. The figure and the body are not moved, the card is used to stop the near cold life, and the two modes of interrogation make it pass 1 force, material pressure, 1 change, 5 change, stop, fire, but 'changed here With the material low, turn into a big student. It is quenched by cold. Use into The heat transfer rate is relatively low (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (210 X is 7 mm) 470777 A7 B7 5 2. The relationship between the value of the invention (5). Toughness transfer takes a long time, and the toughness is significantly reduced. However, even if the transfer of the toughening begins to occur in the quenching and cooling stage, it may also be cooled in the subsequent M fast cooling. High toughness is obtained. If new cooling gas is introduced and the gas pressure is increased at a good time, it is possible to increase the cooling rate in the toughening transfer zone and suppress the appearance of the toughened structure. Because the gas is introduced into the cooling chamber of the vacuum furnace After being used to cool the mold to be treated and warming, the gas is fed into a heat exchanger to be cooled again, and then the mold is cooled with M. If the weight of a mold such as a mold is relatively heavy, the capacity of the heat exchanger becomes insufficient during the cooling process, so that the gas cooled by the mold is insufficiently cooled, so that the required cooling rate cannot be obtained. This relationship contributes to the decrease in cooling rate near the point of metaplasia transfer. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page.) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Steel, changeable rice, overpressure, and area are born with the slightest increase in shape temperature to obtain horizontal hair 40, and people become taller and more flexible and tough. {Introduction is there but the thermal difference is expected. Great structure. The coolness of the material can be heard at thick and high speeds at high and low speeds. The body thickness section is fast and hot and the thermal shadow is displayed. The degree of toughness is changed by the appearance and the degree of change. Deeply. It is cold, and it is mixed, and there is a device that is forwarded in the middle. Because the cell has M-transverse, but it has-, the crystal term can be tough, and it has a cold change. The superiority of the human body's cold hair can be achieved by slowing the speed of the air, and the molding of the furnace is faster. According to the cold air injection, it is ignored, and the sickle is rooted and the classics are cold. With the use of advancement, the status of the observation is as good as the description of the central body, and the temperature of the furnace is shifted. It is clear that the person who is gradually getting up, the air-to-air special feature W, but the two are more true. More mold-cooling than mold-shaped paper. Applicable to Chinese National Standards (CNS) 8-4 (210X297 mm) 470777 A7 V. Description of invention (Printed by Mizuo and Mold protection is added to the cold. The degree of air-cooled hair is slightly reduced, while the surface temperature is slowed down before the body. The 20 of the cold, the 4th of the qi in the table is cold and hot. The birth of a fatter with a 2¾ round to P cold medium pressure mid-mode supermodel 0. The reason is that the cold pressure of the cold-pressed hair is limited to 100. Now, one plus moves in: the cold body of the 3 realms moves sfc & the degree of roots is hot, but the 0-zhier is turned into empty hair in one go, the cold into the body is passed 65 out of the bar The body is true, the song is the Chinese quilt. The leading tenacity is 10 to the cold tenacity and the quilt is better than the changing part, but the iron to cymbal part is changing to nothing. However, the mold has a cold disperse 4 force stage and 40 are obtained. The mold gas is cooled by the mold and the pressure is analyzed. The temperature is well measured. The part is cold and is quenched in the middle. But 丨 deeper than the fifteenth side of the fire, another levy the furnace or the back of the body to unfreeze the cold cells. To ο table quenched but has a way to hold empty objects with the true picture of fire crystals in vertical direction. The trueness of the cold-blowing mold is quenched, but the micro-face has a large hair, and the carbon of the method is cold. It is cold in the strength of the non-moulded carbon. In the analysis of the two-dimensional body, Erming said that the iron surface of Guan Mingming was reduced or according to the molding method. In the first part of the fire, generally speaking, the grain surface large mold collects quenched carbon roots. ., For fat since The escape of the fire, the empty body furnace, and the diagram of the cold speed toughness diagram, the degree of quenching is really prevented by the outside air quenching the empty body 1 rate 2 Figure 3 The other is in the qi and then the coldest and the fastest in the first full range. It is really hot and cold, but the body is born. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 470777 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (7) 1 1 Diagram of the relationship between speed and toughness 1 1 I Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the cooling of the quenching cooling stage 1 1 in the specific example of the present invention and the relationship between the pressure of the gas 1 and the cooling rate ff- *, please 1 i 1 Fig. 5 is an illustration of the quenching stage of the present invention shown in Fig. 4 Cooling time reading 1 f 1 t Graphic on SKD6 1 isothermal transfer curve * of 1 6 The picture shows the inlay mold used in the specific example of the present invention (revealing 1 horizontal). Attention 1 thing 1 size and shape 1 item again 1, 7 Picture shows the microstructure photography according to the optical microscope f fill in this place at a depth of 40 mm Measure the surface of the mold AJ] C m of the example of the present invention. 1 page * «w ^ 1 I Figure 8 shows the conventional method used in the light microscope according to the structure of the photomicrograph. Case of decarburization on the surface part 0 1 1 Invention specific example 1 Order 1 I In the present invention »Each unit cell with a deformed structure has a defined length of not more than 20 microns 9 width of not more than 2 microns > Toughness reduction 1 1 Low Early susceptibility to thermal cracking »And if each 1 1 unit cell with a deformed structure is precipitated on the mold surface and exceeds 20 microns in length and / or If the degree exceeds 1 1 and exceeds 2 micrometers, a large crack will occur. 0 1 In the present invention, the depth of the mold 9 is within the depth of 1 I that is suppressed from the occurrence of the deformed structure 1> and is limited to not more than The depth of 40 mm is because if 1 1 the mold depth (thickness) is 40 mm > it is possible to prevent the occurrence of thermal cracking or the development of 1 L into a large crack 9 even if the coarse unit cells of the deformed structure are formed deeper than 40 There is no problem with 1 I millimeter section 0 1 ί If the warpage of the mold exceeds 0.2%, Μ and the shrinkage of the mold in the longitudinal direction exceed 1 1 through 0.15 2 »It becomes necessary to process the whole after heat treatment Mould 1 I -9 ~ 1 1 1 1 This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)% 470777 A7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs __B7 _V. Description of the invention (8) Or the shape or size of the part being carved Work steps, resulting in higher manufacturing cost. Therefore, the warpage and shrinkage of the mold are limited to not more than 0.2% and not more than 0.15%, respectively. If warpage and shrinkage are within the above limits, almost all molds can be used without machining. In addition, there is no difference in hardness and microstructure between the inner and outer sides of the heat treated surface part, indicating that there is no decarburization or carbonization. This can be measured by measuring the hardness of the outermost surface and some inscribed parts. K is convenient for M determiner. Furthermore, during the quenching stage of the mold, the pressure of the cooling gas introduced into the vacuum furnace increases during cooling. The cooling gas that has been introduced into the vacuum furnace and used to cool the mold is sent to the heat exchanger, and after cooling, it is used to cool the mold. In other words, the cooling gas introduced into the vacuum furnace is circulated between the vacuum furnace and the heat exchange, but if the mold is large, such as a mold insert mold, the cooling gas is insufficient to warm up due to the warming of the cooling gas. Therefore, when the cooling rate is slowed down, the prone to precipitation of the firmware structure has been described above. However, the precipitation of the deformed structure can be improved by introducing a stream of pressurized new gas to increase the cooling rate in the middle of cooling. The pressure of the cooling gas must be increased before the toughened structure is precipitated in the mold. Because the deformed structure cannot be removed once it has precipitated out. Even after the gas pressure is increased after reaching the tip of the deformed body, cooling must be performed as quickly as possible through the tip of the deformed body. The first cooling gas used to cool the mold that has been heated to the quenching temperature in the vacuum furnace, due to its adiabatic expansion when the gas is introduced into the vacuum furnace-10- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) 8-4 specifications (210 × 297 mm) \ 470777 Μ B7 V. Description of invention (9) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Change 0 to 2 low. In the book, the force is tough and flexible. In order to prevent the P65 from being analyzed, the first time is reduced to one. When the pressure is reduced and the pressure is reduced, the rate is reduced to Μ0 to the area where it is used to build it. Carbon, fast cold analysis of the foot? 3 but α is made for --4. In front of the body iron, there is a high 10 that is not ο chilled h but increased to 10, for example, the gas field can be analyzed to a greater proportion to 65 when the carbon t-> cold. Quality to carbon is specific, but it is necessary or sufficient. No. 01, Duan Shi-2 The cold mold of the mold is not slow to take shape. It thinks that the body Badanet iron 30 is a gas of 10 grades plus one cold iron, which is too constant. Zengming Di ’s super-dispersion rate is lower than the surface area, but the percentage is cold. When it comes to the success of the grain, it has a high speed and a slow speed. However, the spit die was turned horizontally, but the defense force was scattered. The word turned higher, and the rate was cold or iron-cooled, and cold. After the cold forehearth, the cold hemp passes the toughness J. The pressure is filled with the details, but the tip is sharp. The gas and gas can be born but really low. The output is cold or the tip is not quenched. However, it is said to be cold with the mold. Γ -2 requires M liters of elutable material to enter the cold and cold place. The imagination has not yet arrived, and 10 clearly mentions that the speed of things has to be repeated. As soon as it was moved, the carbonized mold body at -4 rounds came out of the mold body, and the carbon high stop body was turned 10 meters high. Into a horizontal toughness. At the time of analysis, the body made great efforts, and it was necessary to be equipped with anti-scattering and anti-scattering. The pressure of the gas in the degree range was as low as enough and the particle drop was in the cold and heavy body temperature range. However, the material is lowered in strength and air force. I have a material that is spit-like, but the material is tough and cold. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page.) This paper applies Chinese national standards (CNS) Λ4 Specifications (210 × 297 mm) 470777 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (10) The material composition of the mold is made as shown in Table 1, and it is made into a male mold with a base size of 200 mm X 200 mm X 90 Mm thick, with a bump of other dimensions such as about 150 mm X 150 mm X 90 mm thick, formed on a surface of 200 mm X 200 mm, as shown in Figure 6, and a pore formed on the surface of the bump 40 The position of millimeters is used to set the thermocouple for measuring or confirming the cooling rate. Table 1 C Si Μη Cr Mo V Fe 0.37 1.02 0.37 5.35 1.42 0.83 Balance n. I 1 ^---.1 I n .... .II —-Shiliang 1 ^ 1 I---n X »* ·” ", τ (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Ministry of Economy Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standardization. After a sheathed thermocouple is placed in the obtained mold, it is heated to the mold to a predetermined quenching temperature with an effective capacity of approximately 0.4 cubic meters (600 mm X 600 mm X 900 mm) vacuum furnace. The vacuum pressure in this vacuum furnace is 1 · 3 Torr. While the mold is maintained at the quenching temperature for a predetermined time, it is cooled by blowing nitrogen. Although an inert gas such as chlorine or helium can be used for Cooling, but nitrogen is most suitable because it has a higher cooling capacity than v but is not expensive. The pressure of the cooling gas, K at 2 bar and 6 bar gas is actually used in each comparative example, from the beginning of cooling to the end of cooling; and In the present invention, the mold is first cooled with a gas of 2 or 3 bar, and then the gas pressure is increased to 6 or 8 bar, and the mold is cooled to about 450 t. For the quenching method according to the present invention, a second gas Μ is equivalent to -12- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm)% 470777 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (11) Re-import the amount of pressure. Insert the mold with a thermocouple The results obtained by measuring the cooling rate are shown in Figure 4. It can be understood from this that the quenching method according to the present invention requires about 10 minutes U) It is most important to pass through the metamorphic transfer zone, and Comparative Example 1 takes 15 minutes (B ), Comparative Example 2 takes up to 30 minutes (C). Figure 5 shows the situation of various cooling rates drawn by the isothermal transfer curve of SKD61. After the quenching is completed, the mold passes twice at 5 8 0 Ό X 4 hours tempering to adjust to the predetermined hardness HRC48, the shrinkage and warpage of the mold have been tested. The results obtained are summarized in Table 2. In Comparative Example 1, the cooling rate on the high-temperature side was high, and the mold was significantly deformed and required more or less trimming before it could be used. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) The paper size printed by the Central Consumers Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs's Consumer Cooperatives applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X 297 mm) 470777 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (12 ) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ΓΓ CT 钭 阚 Cheek and knee a ΓΟ He »CO I > 0 h- * Φ to 05 CO ro CO ro m [Η CH [Η [e [H 田 m domain gjfJ now m ggffll 郷 1 1 1 1 S 〇 > 〇〇oo 0¾ 2β〇Β [[Β ce CH cs 阚 gBM SSr m ggM Now 郷 d · ο Ο ο oo 〇ro ο οο ο 〇〇 N5 I > 0 oo cn mm mm 涞 涞 涞 涞 涞 涞 涞 涞 ο V. 〇o .-— V ο / ^ N o Η- * Η- * H- * ι—ι Ο ο s_ ^ · Ού w · h— * 'w -to • 'v ^ · οο ο οo 〇ooo DO Ο CD Ο ΓΟ N5 ro -4 ΓΟ cn fO o The color of the mistletoe li y · * —V * s ο 〇 〇oo 4 ^. 1 ~ k 1 ~ k) · ~ ^ ο 〇Ί►—k N? om •• w · — '-14- (Please Read the back of the precautions to fill out this page)
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS )八4規格（210X297公釐） 470777 Μ Β7 五、發明説明（u 火規 泮隙 與測 前而 火橿 淬面 在表 小一 大於 向具 縱模 其置 得是 測值 量曲 過翹 經而 值 ， 縮差 收之 之後 具火 模 回 並 起 面 表 具 模 從 。 於 隙測 間量 之被 成值 構擊 所衝 端樑 兩單 具 ， 模後 測然 量 得 察 被 面 表 具 模 及 置 位 等 此 在 構 结。 微 3 而表 ，於 度列 深果 之結 米得 毫所 ------^---Μ —装-- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、11 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裂 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） 1 470777 A7 B7 五、發明説明（l4) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) 8 4 specifications (210X297 mm) 470777 Μ B7 V. Description of the invention (u Fire gauge gap and pre-measurement and fire quenching surface in the table is smaller than one with a vertical mold. The measured value is measured by warping and warping. After the shrinkage is closed, the fire mold is returned and the surface is lifted from the surface. The gap between the measured values is used to strike the two beams punched by the end beam. However, it is possible to observe the structure and position of the surface table. Micro 3 And the table, the result of the deep fruit is almost the same ------ ^ --- M-installed-(Please (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page), 11 The paper size printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 1 470777 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ( l4) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs
-l6- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 470777 A7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 B7五、發明説明（^ ) 與本發明及比較例1相反，在比較例2中觀察出粗的 變韌體結構和小的單樑衝擊值。第7圖列舉本發明在深 度為40毫米之位置上典型徹結構之光學顯徹圖H,以及 在習用模具中所發現之粗變靱體結構的描猞。第7圖為 選自可明確認為變韌體晶胞之顯撤照Η，且非列於表3 者。 另外，根據在表面微結構的觀察，模具外側與内側之 間在結構上已確認無組成之差異，而且硬度分佈的量測 證明模具内側與外側兩者實質上為一致之硬度水平，其 間已發現模具既無脱碩亦無硪化現象，其俗常發生於習 用淬火方法，當模具在真空加熱之後以油冷卻者。 第8圖作為參考，以光學顯徹鏡徹結構表示以習用空 氣吹送方法所淬火之模具表面層脱碩情形。在模具雕刻 部份表面上觀察到深度約0.15毫米的脱磺層，而另一脱 碩層轉變成肥粒鐵而有約0.01毫米之深度被察得於水冷 孔隙之表面上。 然後，用上述淬火一回火方法而産生的模縳模具被組 合成為實際之裝置，並用以作鋁合舍鑲造試驗。 如表4所綜整，在比較例2所得模具中發現模具角落 有二處熱裂，如不予修復而使用，經過50,000次之後此 熱裂發展成為大的裂口；而根據本發明之模具展示使用 壽命比以習用方法製成以模具長兩倍，而其使用壽命不 在從初始冷卻階段即用高壓氣體冷卻之模具之下。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -1 7 - 本紙張尺度蜂用中國國家標準（CNS )八4規格（210 X 297公釐） ο 7 4 7 -B . 五、發明説明（16 ) 表4 區 分 冷卻方法（氣體壓力） 使用壽命 不能使用原因 本發明 1 2巴爾-6巴爾 129,000 熱裂 2 3巴爾-8巴爾 138,000 熱裂 3 2巴爾-8巴爾 139,000 熱裂 4 3巴爾-6巴爾 124,000 熱裂 比較例 1 6巴爾 128,000 熱裂 2 2巴爾 51,000 熱列一大裂口 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 所得结果，根據本發明之模具變形小，即使有所發生 ,變韌體结構輕微，使用壽命長而且使用方便；雖然在 比較例1之模具中變韌體結構小而且使用壽命長，但其 變形（收縮和翹曲）大而且使用不方便；至於比較例2 所得模具，具有更多的變韌體结構，而且雖然變形小但 使用壽命短。 一 1 8 — (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)-l6- This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order 470777 A7 Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Explanation (^) Contrary to the present invention and Comparative Example 1, in Comparative Example 2, a coarse deformed structure and a small single beam impact value were observed. Fig. 7 lists an optically clear diagram H of a typical structure of the present invention at a depth of 40 mm, and a description of a roughened carcass structure found in a conventional mold. Figure 7 is selected from the clear and clear photos of the metamorphosed unit cell, and is not listed in Table 3. In addition, according to the observation of the surface microstructure, it is confirmed that there is no structural difference between the outer side and the inner side of the mold, and the measurement of the hardness distribution proves that the inner side and the outer side of the mold are substantially the same hardness level. The mold is neither dislodged nor tarnished, and its custom often occurs in the conventional quenching method, when the mold is cooled by oil after being heated in vacuum. Fig. 8 is used as a reference to show the exfoliation of the surface layer of the mold quenched by the conventional air blowing method with an optically clear mirror structure. A desulfurization layer with a depth of about 0.15 mm was observed on the surface of the engraved part of the mold, and another desulfurization layer was transformed into ferrous iron and a depth of about 0.01 mm was observed on the surface of the water-cooled pores. Then, the molds produced by the above-mentioned quenching-tempering method were assembled into an actual device and used for an aluminum composite setting test. As shown in Table 4, in the mold obtained in Comparative Example 2, two thermal cracks were found in the corners of the mold. If used without repair, this thermal crack developed into a large crack after 50,000 times; and the mold according to the present invention shows The service life is twice longer than the mold made by the conventional method, and the service life is not under the mold cooled by high pressure gas from the initial cooling stage. (Please read the precautions on the reverse side before filling out this page) -1 7-This paper uses the Chinese National Standard (CNS) 8-4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ο 7 4 7 -B. V. Description of the invention ( 16) Table 4 Differentiating cooling method (gas pressure) Service life cannot be used Reason 1 2 Bar-6 Bar 129,000 Thermal crack 2 3 Bar-8 Bar 138,000 Thermal crack 3 2 Bar-8 Bar 139,000 Thermal crack 4 3 Bar-6 Barr 124,000 thermal cracking comparative example 1 6 barr 128,000 thermal cracking 2 2 barr 51,000 thermally cracked a large gap Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The mold deformation according to the present invention is small, even if it occurs The structure is slight, the service life is long, and the use is convenient; although in the mold of Comparative Example 1, the toughened structure is small and the service life is long, but its deformation (shrinkage and warpage) is large and inconvenient to use; as for the mold obtained in Comparative Example 2, Has more deformed body structure, and although the deformation is small, the service life is short. 1 1 8 — (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X297公釐) % 470777 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1?) 從前述說明可Μ明瞭，本發明之特徵在於模具加熱於 真空爐中淬火階段之步驟，Μ冷卻速率高於析出碳化物 或吐粒散體者之氣體冷卻模具，然後用增加壓力之氣體 迅速冷卻模具。 在執行淬火時，將可得到減少尺寸變動與翹曲的模具 ,而且減少變韌體之析出，因而獲得表面無脫碳和碳化 的健全模具，其韌性亦甚優異。 結果，本發明使得可Κ提供一種在使用初期無熱裂或 大裂隙的模具，而且具有穩定而長久之使用壽命，因此 對工業有高度意義。 ^^1- ^—^1 ^—^1 · n i n 1· HI I --.1--- —^*1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 mm)% 470777 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (1?) As can be seen from the foregoing description, the present invention is characterized in that the mold is heated in a vacuum furnace during the quenching stage. In the step, the cooling rate of M is higher than that of a gas that precipitates carbides or pellets, and then the mold is rapidly cooled with a pressure-increasing gas. When the quenching is performed, a mold with reduced dimensional variation and warpage can be obtained, and precipitation of deformed bodies is reduced. Therefore, a sound mold without decarburization and carbonization on the surface is obtained, and its toughness is also excellent. As a result, the present invention makes it possible to provide a mold which is free from thermal cracking or large cracks in the initial stage of use, and has a stable and long service life, and is therefore highly significant to industry. ^^ 1- ^ — ^ 1 ^ — ^ 1 · n i n 1 · HI I-. 1 --- — ^ * 1 (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)
經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印II 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS )八4規格（210Χ 297公釐）Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs II This paper is in accordance with China National Standards (CNS) 8.4 (210 × 297 mm)