TW466161B - High temperature modeling apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a three-dimensional modeling apparatus (10) that builds up three-dimensional objects in a heated build chamber (24) by dispensing modeling material from a dispensing head (14) onto a base (16) in a pattern determined by control signals from a controller (140). The motion control components (18, 20) of the apparatus (10) are external to and thermally isolated from the build chamber (24). A deformable thermal insulator (132, 136) forms a ceiling of the build chamber, allowing motion control of the dispensing head (14) in an x, y plane by an x-y gantry (18) located outside of and insulated from the build chamber (24). In the preferred embodiment, a material receiving inlet (63) of the dispensing head (14) is external to the build chamber (24) as well, while a material dispensing outlet (66) of the dispensing head is inside the chamber. Thermal isolation of the motion control components from the build chamber allows the chamber to be maintained at a high temperature, and has other practical advantages as well.

Description

Λ SB 1 δ Α7 Β7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention () Field of the invention: The present invention relates to the use of auxiliary molding technology to manufacture three-dimensional objects "more specifically, the present invention relates to molding machines, It moves the spreading head and the mold base three-dimensionally, and at the same time 'spreads the molding material from the spreading head to the mold base, and builds a three-dimensional object in the heated chamber. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION = An assisted molding machine builds a number of molding media (usually in a flat layer) to create three-dimensional molds using design information provided by a computer-aided design (CAD) system. The mathematical description of the object to be created is usually divided into several planar layers, and these layers are individually shaped and applied to produce the final part. The functions applied to three-dimensional molds include aesthetic judgment, improvement of mathematical CAD molds, formation of hard tools, research on disturbances and space settings and testing functions. In recent years, the main application of layered manufacturing is off-mold rapid manufacturing. Equipment and methods for manufacturing three-dimensional molds by placing multilayer flowable molding materials are found in U.S. Patents 4,749,347, 5,121,329, 5,303, M1 '5,340,433, 5,402,35 1, 5,503,785, 5,587,913, 5,738,817, Nos. 5,764,521 and 5,939,008 are assigned to Stratasys, Inc. (assignee of the present invention). An extruder squeezes the hardened flowable molding material from a nozzle to a seat. The seat contains a moulded base that is removably fixed to a moulding platform β. With an xyz bucket system moving the extrusion head and the seat relative to each other, the extruded material is placed one by one in the CAD mold. In the defined area • The material is hardened after it is placed to form a three-dimensional mold. Β Thermoplastics Page 2 This paper is dimensioned to CNS A4 (210 X 297 mm),... II ^ ---- 1 ---- ^ 'u-- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page} Order: .1 ,. Line. A7 B7 Printed by the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (The material can be used as a molding material, and it can be hardened by cooling after being placed. The technology described in the above patent is commercialized as a Stratasys FDM® molding machine. The extrusion head (including the liquefier and the dispensing nozzle) is accepted Molding material in solid form. Filamentous material is heated to a flowable temperature in the liquefier and then dispensed through a nozzle. Thermoplastics (especially ABS thermoplastics) are particularly suitable for placing molds in Stratasys FDM® molding machinesa — Controller control The movement of the material head in a horizontal xy plane controls the movement of the construction platform in a vertical z direction, and controls the feeding of the molding material into the extrusion head. By controlling these processing variables, the molding material is layer by layer at the desired flow rate. A bead or road order placed in an area defined by a CAD mold creates a three-dimensional object like a CAD mold. The molding material is thermally hardened and the finished mold is removed from the substrate. As the thermoplastic material cools (especially When it changes from a flowable material to a solid material) The 'density of the thermoplastic' changes (that is, shrinks) creates stress in the material. These stresses cause the mold to deform. Therefore, one purpose of using a thermosetting molding system is to Eliminates stress caused by cooling to minimize deformation. Materials other than thermoplastics (such as metals, thermoset polymers, and composites) are subject to changes in density, shear, temperature, and pressure associated with extrusion Similar challenges to minimize deformation. As shown in US Patent No. 5,866,058, a chamber is heated to Temperatures above the curing temperature of other heat-curable molding materials, the mold is built in such a chamber and gradually cooled to protect the material from stress. ^ When the mold is built, stress is eliminated due to annealing, so that the finished mold is No stress and minimal deformation. As further shown in this patent, the temperature of the chamber should be scaled to the Chinese paper (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 cm) (Please read the precautions on the back before reading) Fill in this page) Line I, 4 6 6 16 1 V. Description of the invention (Α7 Β7 Intellectual property of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, printed and held below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the Molding Materials Division, so that the mold does not weaken. The best temperature to reach is at the solidification temperature of the material and the degree of plastic deformation is relaxed (at this temperature the 'stress relaxation modulus doubles from its lowest temperature limit). In the case of ABS thermoplastics, the temperature falls between 70 and 90 degrees Celsius. Existing Stratasys FDM® molding machines build molds in a chamber heated to between 70 and 90 degrees Celsius. The seat under the built mold is placed in a heat-sensitive room, as is the extrusion head and the x_y_z portal. There are many disadvantages to placing the extrusion head and the portal in this heated chamber. The xy_z gantry contains motion control elements' such as a motor, a bearing, a guide bar, a belt, and a wire. Placing these motion control elements in a heated room reduces the life of these elements. In addition, the upper limit of the temperature of the construction chamber cannot exceed the temperature at which these components can operate at t. As a result, this limitation in the temperature of the construction chamber limits the molding materials that can be used with these machines to materials that can stress out at low temperatures. Similarly, the cooling head needs to be cooled when the extrusion head is heated in the Stratasys FDM® molding machine. When the material is sent to the extrusion head in a solid state (filament or sheet), a cooling mechanism is required. In the case of a power outage or insufficient power supply of the cooling circuit wiring 11, the materials and circuit wiring that should normally be cooled are exposed to the furnace temperature. Finally, a practical problem is that when adjustment, service, repair, or replacement of motion control elements or extrusion heads is required, one operator must work in the construction room. Thus, the construction room must be cleaned before these activities can be performed. cool down. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) ----, i guang lllll · ---. Order! --Line-- β __ Page 4 · The paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS> A4 specification (21〇 χ 297mm)

A 6 S 1S 1 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (Objective and fine commandment of the invention: t The invention is a three-dimensional molding equipment and H thermal insulation rooms. Material gifts are built in this thermal insulation room. It also has motion control elements. Outside the concrete insulation room. A controller provides a control signal to determine a pattern. 'With this pattern, the distribution head and the seat are moved three-dimensionally relative to each other at the same time.' The molding material is distributed from a distribution head to a seat to form a three-dimensional In a preferred embodiment, an x_y gantry moves the dispensing head in an xy plane, and a Z lifter moves the seat in the vertical Z direction. In this embodiment, a deformable heat insulator Forming a part of the construction room, the distribution head passes through this deformable heat insulator. The distribution head has a molding material outlet in the construction room and a molding material inlet outside the construction room. The above-mentioned ζ lifter passes through a wall in the construction room. The closed seam is connected to the seat. There are many benefits to insulating the motion control element from the construction room. Because the temperature of the construction room is not limited to the operating temperature of the motion control element The present invention allows materials to be used to build molds at high temperatures. In addition, the life of the motion control element is not adversely affected by the temperature of the construction room. The β motion control element is thermally insulated from the construction room, and also makes it easy for users to access when necessary. These elements. The extended life and easy use of the motion control elements of the device of the present invention result in better productivity and reliability. Explanation: Figure 1 is a perspective view of the three-dimensional molding equipment of the present invention a Second The figure is a cross-section taken on the 3D molding equipment along the line 2-2 of the first circle. Page 5 This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). ^ ------- £ ~ | < Please read the note on the back before filling in this page) Λ --line · Employment Cooperative of Employees of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy 4 S 6 16 1 A7 " ------ B7 V. Description of the invention () Figure. Figure 3. χ-y portal frame, deformable heat insulator (partially cut away) and. Top view of the holding head β Figure 4 Shows the χ-axis drive system. Figure 5 shows the y-axis drive system. Figure 6 的 Air reflection used by the device of the invention A bottom elevation view of the air reflector shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 6. A rear elevation view of the air reflector shown in Fig. 8 & Perspective view of the nozzle cleaning group used. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 10 Contrast 10 3D molding equipment 12 Furnace 14 Extrusion head 16 Platform 18 xy Gantry 20 z lifter 22 frame 23 feet 24 construction room 25 furnace door 26 heating tank 28 blower 30 air inlet 32 exhaust port 34 fin heater 36 venturi 37 heat insulator 38 I-shaped piece 40 z motor 42 Timing belt 44 Rigid beam 46 Vertical seam 48 Vertical plate 50 Nut 52 Screw 54 Horizontal upper plate Page 6 This paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm) 4-66161 A7 B7 V. Invention Description () 56 horizontal lower plate 58 pulley 60 linear guide bearing 62 guide rail 63 bracket 63 inlet 64 base plate 65 bridge 66 outlet nozzle 68 X rail 70 y rail 72 carrier 74 X motor 76 y motor 78 X drive belt 80 y drive belt 82 bearing 84 bearing 86 drive pulley 88 suspension 90 pulley 92 pulley 94 pulley 96 pulley 98 pulley 100 pulley 102 pulley 104 suspension 106 pulley 108 suspension 110 pulley 112 pulley 114 pulley 116 pulley 118, pulley 120 pulley 122 pulley 124 pulley 126 suspension 130 X Crotch tray 132 X stretcher 136 y baffle 140 controller 144 squeeze pump 146 material supplier 150 air refraction groove 152 nose 156 groove (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order.-Line. If—

_J The 7th standard of this paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 466161 A7 ---- B7____V. Description of the invention () 159 Forward blades 160 Later blades 170 Nozzle cleaning Group 172 Canal chute 174 Washer 176 Shaft 178 Motor 180 Spur 182 Paddle 184 Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives Detailed description of the invention: The device of the present invention is placed in a heated room by fusion placement A three-dimensional object is constructed in which the movable control element is thermally insulated from the heated chamber so that the temperature in the heated chamber is not limited by the temperature limit of the motion control element. This device can build objects with materials that have high glass transition temperature benefits and therefore must be placed in a high-temperature chamber to create high-quality molds. These materials include high temperature thermoplastics such as carbon polymers' polyetherimide, polysuifone, polyethersulfone, amorphous polyamides, and other materials. Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the three-dimensional molding apparatus of the present invention. The equipment 10 includes a furnace 12, an extrusion head 〖4, a platform 10, an xy portal 18 (with the extrusion head 14 in a plane), and a z lifter 20 (moving the platform along a vertical z axis ^ 6 ) And a box 22. The furnace 12 stands on feet 23 'which are set in a frame 22. The frame 22 encloses the outer periphery of the furnace (partially cut in the second figure) and supports the furnace 12, the x_y portal 18, and the Z lifter 20 in a defined garden. The platform 16 is placed inside the heated building chamber of the furnace 12 'below the extrusion head 14. The device 10 moves the extrusion head 14 in the x_y plane and makes the 8th one -------------- D · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) I .

P --line-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 Gongchu) Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy Staff Consumer Cooperative 466161 A7 ----------_ ^ B7_________ 5 2. Description of the invention () The platform 16 moves along the z-axis, and at the same time, the molding material is placed from the extrusion head 14 into a straight platform 16 'to build a three-dimensional object in the construction room 24. To support the object being built, the platform 16 must be molded The material is glued to this top surface. The molding substrate is preferably provided on the top surface of the platform 16 and an object is constructed on the substrate. The use of a mold substrate allows the mold to be easily removed from the device 10 after completion of the mold. The molding substrate used in the present invention should be suitable for use in a high temperature environment. For example, 'the platform 16 may be a vacuum platen and a flexible substrate may be removably disposed on it, such as US Pat. No. 5,93,008. As shown. When a vacuum pump is started, the flexible substrate is stuck to the platform, and when the vacuum pump is stopped, the flexible substrate can be removed from the platform. To adjust to the high temperature environment of the present invention, a heat exchanger (such as an in-line heat exchanger coil) may be required to cool the air flowing into the vacuum pump. The material selected as the flexible substrate should be a material that can be combined with the molding material. The flexible substrate of the high temperature thermoplastic material is the best substrate when constructing a mold of the high temperature thermoplastic material. I have successfully built UltemTM molds on a sheet of UltemTM (set on a vacuum platen) in a room heated to nearly 200 degrees Celsius. The construction chamber 24 of the furnace 12 is accessible from an insulated furnace door 25. As shown in FIG. 2, the construction room 24 has a floor and is surrounded by heating grooves 26 on the right and left sides. The heating tank 26 is formed of a metal sheet and opens to the chamber 24 at the upper right and upper left sides of the chamber 24. A pair of blowers 28 (only one is depicted) is below the furnace 12, and on the lower right side, generates a clockwise airflow through the heating tank 26. Therefore, the opening on the upper right side of the chamber 24 is the air intake port 30 and the opening on the left side is the exhaust port 32. Six 750-watt fin heaters 34 are provided in the heating tank 26 on the air inlet side. The venturi tube 36 is set in the heating tank 26 to generate the perforated exhaust port 32. Page 9 This paper size applies the Chinese national standard (CNS > A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) I --------- --- neck-I. I — I l · III Order II — — — — — — (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 466 161 A7 B7 Jade and invention description (Rong returned to the construction room 24 The linear airflow pattern β in the loop circulates to the heating tank 26 as the air passes through the heater 34, and returns to the construction chamber 24. The construction chamber 24 is heated by convection. A bundle of heat insulators 37 surrounds the right, left, and Bottom and back side to retain heat (remove heat insulator 37 in Figure 1 for illustration). Construction room 24 is designed to be as far as at least 200 degrees Celsius. Thermocouples and fusers should be installed in the air intake Port 30 so that the temperature in the chamber 24 can be monitored, and if the chamber 24 becomes too hot, the heater 34 can be stopped. The platform 16 is maintained in the construction chamber 24 by the zeta and the lowering machine 20, as shown in FIG. 1 And Figure 2. 2 The lifter (placed outside the furnace 12) is composed of two identical I-shaped pieces 38 (viewed in cross-section view), a zeta motor 40 and a timing belt 42 The two 1-shaped pieces 38 are fixed in parallel to the frame 22 ′ on the right and left sides of the furnace 12. The platform 16 is coupled to each cymbal piece 38 of the z-elevator 20 by a pair of rigid beams 44, which The platform 16 becomes horizontal. Each beam 44 passes through a vertical slot 46 in the furnace 12, allowing the z lifter 20 to move the platform [6] in the construction chamber 24. On each side of the furnace 12, there is a slot 46 in the heating tank Before 26, there is another slot 46 after the heat sink 26. These slots 46 are sealed by a number of flexible silicone sheets to minimize the heat transfer from the chamber 24 to the z-elevator 20-the beam 44 is made of low-conductivity metal (for example Made of stainless steel) and drilled to further reduce heat transfer from the chamber 24 to the z-elevator 20. Each I-shaped piece 38 includes a vertical plate 48 (connecting a pair of beams 44), and a nut 50 is provided in a vertical position. Plate 48 and a vertical screw 52 (nut 50, riding screw 52 raised and lowered). Screw 52 is connected to the bottom surface of horizontal upper plate 54, passes through horizontal lower plate 56 and is connected to pulley 58. Screw 52 follows pulley 58 Page 10. This paper size applies to the letter of China National Standard Cui (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm). C Please read the precautions on the back first Write this page) 1SJ · - Line

extravagant:! L The number of stamps for consumer cooperation in shelling and consumption of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention () The pulley 58 of each I-shaped piece 38 is connected by a timing belt 42. The pulley 58 of the right I-shaped member 38 is driven by a z motor 40 (preferably a servo motor). The z motor 40 can optionally rotate the pulley 58 clockwise or counterclockwise. The timing belt 42 synchronizes the movement of the rain pulleys 58 a. The synchronous rotation of the pulley 58 causes the screw 52 to rotate synchronously. Β The steering is performed by the pulley. With the rotation of the stick 52, the nut 50 moves up or down to make each vertical plate 48 liters. Or drop. Two pairs of linear guide bearings 60 are connected to each vertical plate 48 on both sides of the nut 50. Each pair of guide bearings 60 has an associated guide rail 62 passing through each guide bearing 60 and parallel to the screw 52. The top of each guide rail 62 is connected to the bottom surface of the upper plate 54, and the bottom of each guide rail 62 is connected to the top surface of the lower plate 56. The guide bearing 60 is moved along the guide rail 62 'to provide vertical support to the vertical plate 48 when the vertical plate 48 is moved up and down. A plurality of pairs of brackets 63 are connected to the upper plate 54 and the lower plate 56 of each I-shaped member 38, and the I-shaped member 38 is provided in the frame 22. The x_y gantry 18 (set above the furnace 12) moves the extrusion head I4 in a χ-y plane above the furnace 12. As shown in Figure 2, the extrusion head 14 has an inlet 63 to receive the molding material and an outlet nozzle 66 to distribute the flowable molding material to the platform. The nozzle 66 will be heated to deposit the molding material at a predetermined temperature. The nozzle 66 is in the construction chamber 24. In the preferred embodiment, the entrance 63 is outside the construction chamber 24. Therefore, the 'extrusion head 14 passes through the top of the furnace 12. Because the feed head 14 of the preferred embodiment must be allowed to move in the x-y plane, the top of the furnace 12 is made of a deformable heat insulator. 1 to 3 show the x-y portal 18. This joy gantry 18 contains-a base plate 64, a bridge 65, a pair of X rails 68, a pair of y rails 70 '-an X motor 74, a y motor 76, an X drive belt 78, ten y page it The paper size is applicable to the National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm) {Read the precautions on the back before filling this page}-Body! One——l · --- Order ---- II— • Line! i. t Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy 4 6 6 16 1 a? _ B7 5. Description of the invention () Drive belt 80 and various pulleys. The base plate 64 (with an open center) is seated on the top surface of the upper plate 54 of the Z lifter 20 and is fixed to the frame 22. The bridge 65 has an open center and extends across the base plate 64 in the y-direction. The X rail 68 is provided on the top surface of the base plate 64 below the front end and the rear end of the bridge 65, and extends along the base plate 64 in the X direction. The bridge 65 is connected to the rail 68 by two pairs of bearings 82. One pair of bearings 82 are provided on the bottom surface of the bridge 65 toward the rear end, and the other pair of bearings 82 are provided on the bottom surface of the bridge 65 toward the rear end. The bearing 82 allows the bridge 65 to move along the X-rail 68. The y rail 70 is provided on the bottom surface of the bridge 65 on both sides of its open center. The y rail 70 extends in the y direction in parallel. The carrier 72 is connected to the y rail 70 by two pairs of bearings 84. The carrier 72 (stopped on the y rail 70) is placed in the open center portion of the bridge 65. The extrusion head 44 is provided on the carrier 72 so that the movement of the carrier 72 along the y rail 70 moves the extrusion head 14 in the y direction. The extrusion head 14 is provided in the carrier 72 so that the inlet 63 is above the bridge 65 and the nozzle 66 is below the bridge 65. The X motor 74 moves the bridge 65 back and forth along the X rail 68 via the X belt 78 and several pulleys, so that the extrusion head 14 moves in the X direction. The y motor 76 moves the carrier 72 along the y rail 70 through the y belt 80 and several pulleys. Move back and forth to move the extrusion head 14 in the y direction. This system is called the stern bridge gantry 9 Figure 4 shows the X-axis drive system. As shown in the figure, the 'X motor 74 rotates the driving pulley 86 to drive the 3C belt 78. The X-belt 78 is fixed on a suspension 88, then bypasses the pulleys 90, 92, 94, 96, 86, 98, 100, and 102, and is then fixed on a suspension 104 «pulley 90, 96, 1 〇2 is set on the bridge 65, and the pulleys 92, 94, 98, and 100 are set on the base plate 64. Page 12 This paper applies the national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 * 297 mm) * ,, I— 1 ——— rJ—l · ——Order ------— ί Line —- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 4 6 6 1 6 1 A7 ---- B7 V. Invention Explanation () on. Fig. 5 shows the y-axis drive system ey motor 76 which rotates the drive pulley 106 to drive the y-belt 80. The y-belt 80 is fixed to a suspension member 108, and then is wound around the pulleys 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 106, 120, 122, and 104 'and is then fixed to a suspension member 12 and the pulleys 11 and 114. '120 and 124 are provided on the bridge 65, and pulleys 116 and 118 are provided on the base plate 64. JL pulleys 122 and 112 are provided on the carrier 72. The pulleys u 0, U4, and 1 24 share the same 'rotation axis' with the pulleys 90, 2 and 12 of the X-axis drive system. The X motor 74 and the y motor 76 are preferably servo motors. In the preferred embodiment, two motors are set at fixed points to reduce the weight of the moving element, which results in a rather poor belt path structure. "Adjustable suspension pendants 88 and 104 can be adjusted in the X belt 78. tension. Can adjust the suspension ι〇8 and U6 to adjust the tension on the y belt 80. The xy door frame 18 is outside the construction room 24 and is thermally insulated from the construction room 24 by a deformable heat insulator. The heat insulator includes two sets of green folding bezels, as shown in Figs. 1 to 3. . An X-cap plate attaches the disk 13 (with an open center) to the base plate 64 and surrounds the side of the base plate 64 to support a set of X baffles 132. On the right and left sides of the bridge 65. A y-baffle tray 34 (also having an open center) is attached to the bottom surface of the bridge 65 'to support a set of y-baffle plates 136. The set of y-caps 136 extend from the base plate 64 to the seeding head 14 on the front and rear sides of the seeding head 14. These X shutters 132 are fixed to the bridge 05 by being attached to the y shutter tray 134. In Figure 3, 'The two sets of baffles 132 and 136 are moved. Page 13 This paper size applies the Chinese national standard (CNS > A4 specification (210 * 297 mm)] (谙 Please read the precautions on the back before filling in This page) m. R Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 466161 V. Description of the invention (to show trays 130 and 134. X bezel 132 supported by tray 130 and Yfe 136 supported by tray 134 Forms a deformable roof of the construction chamber 24. The X baffle 132 is contracted and expanded as the bridge 65 moves back and forth along the X rail 68. The baffle UI6 is contracted and expanded as the carrier 72 moves back and forth along the y rail 70. In the best In the embodiment, the two sets of baffles 132 and 136 are made of high-temperature cloth (such as TeflonTM-coated glass fiber), and the baffles are sewn into an octagonal section to allow expansion and contraction and allow the xy portal 18 to be constructed from The insulation of the chamber 24 can be replaced with other constructions disclosed in the prior art. For example, 'weldable stainless steel sheets or a stack of relatively slidable plates can be used as a baffle. As an optional accessory' a fan may be provided Above the X-gate 18 to blow away any construction The heat escaping from the chamber 24 keeps the x_y portal 18 at the ambient temperature. The device 10 places the molding material from the extrusion head 14 one by one on the platform 16 under the control of the controller 1 40. 3D objects are constructed. The materials are placed in a flowable state and merged with previously placed materials. The controller 14 receives CAD data in a known manner 丨 42 (defines the object to be constructed) and generates a driving signal based on this data As shown in Figure 1. The driving signals are sent to the X motor 74, the y motor 76, and the ζ motor 40 to control the movement of the extrusion head 14 and the platform 16. When controlling the movement of the extrusion head 14 and the platform 16, the control The synchronizer 140 generates a driving signal synchronously to control the extruder pump 14 and the extruder pump 144 responsively sends the molding material from the material supplier 146 to the inlet 63 'of the extruder head 14 and controls the rate at which material is extruded from the nozzle 66. Control the rate of extrusion while the extrusion head is above platform 16 according to the CAD data. (14) (Please read the note on the back before filling in this page) ill · ———— Order！ I-线 —.- f Printed by Shelley Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 466161 A7 B7 V. Invention Ming (moving the extrusion head 14 with a fixed pattern, which produces a three-dimensional object like a CAD mold. When building an object, the platform 16 is initially placed in an elevated position, close to the nozzle 66 of the extrusion head 14. Then, Place the materials layer by layer and lower the platform 16 intermittently after the formation of each layer. Alternatively, these material layers can be formed on a solid vertical plane or on any non-horizontal plane. Those skilled in the art will recognize that There are many variations to the implementation of the placement molding method and the embodiment described above. As a variation of the portal arrangement of the preferred embodiment (the extrusion head 14 moves in the κ-y plane and the platform 16 moves along the z axis), the platform may move in the x_y plane and the extrusion head moves along the z axis mobile. In this example, the deformable heat insulator forms part of the building's portal through which the platform moves. It should also be understood that movements in the X-y plane are not limited to movements in the orthogonal direction, but may include light, tangential, chess, and other directions in the x-y plane. Similarly, instead of x-y portals 8 and z elevators 20, x-y-z portals may take the form of any mechanical drive system known in the prior art (controlled by a signal generated by a controller). Instead of the X-shield 132 and the y-shield 136, any deformable heat insulator compatible with the construction environment may be used. Another variation is to place the Xy gantry 18 outside the construction room 24 with heat insulation, but place the z lifter 20 in the room 24 a. From the material head in the xy plane moved by the gantry 18, the material is placed in the The movement in the χ-y plane far exceeds the movement of the seat along the z axis. Therefore, the z-elevator does not have to have the speed or accuracy of an x'y gantry. In such an example, 'xy door frame may be higher than z. Page 15 This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Economy Printed by the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative of the Ministry of Intellectual Property Bureau. Ding Xiang .: .Fei / * 1 I dl n ^ * 0 II) n I «I If B— n It t— nn 1. · 1 466 16 Α7 Β7 Wisdom of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Property Mabei I. Consumption 'Zhu V. Invention Description (It is much more expensive to lower the machine') It is more feasible to replace the motion control elements of the Z-knee-down machine. Any movable head that has at least one outlet to distribute the flow molding material to implement the placement method of the present invention, as long as the flow material can be distributed in a shape determined by the control signal. This equipment may include a filament, a gold plug or a post .Plug-type distribution agency or highly controllable

The screw-type feeder fm and m A — (1 as shown in US Patent No. 5,3, 12,224). Likewise, it is possible to fit the material feeder 146 with various feeding forms. By way of example, the t 'material may be solid and wound on Selaginella like continuous record wires, or like many finite-length poles, as described in US Patent No. 5,121,329. The material may also be in the form of a sheet, as described in US Pat. No. 5,764,521, or a liquid drawn from a container, such as described in US Patent No. 4,749,347. Regardless of the form in which the material is provided, the material supply pump must be controllable. The rate of X-ray material distribution can be precisely controlled to form a three-dimensional object. The pump must match the feeding form and distribution head. Possibility to arrange the placement method to distribute various kinds of feed forms under the guise of placing multiple layers of 'curable materials to produce a three-dimensional object, below any part of the object that is suspended, or in the cavity of the object (not directly molded Material support), all need support layers or structures. ^ It is known in the prior art that "possible to cooperate with the placement of Fufa material" to provide support materials to form these support structures or layers. In the practice of the present invention, it is possible to use the same technology and equipment as the existing molding material to build the support structure. The support material may come out of a separate extrusion head in the molding facility, or it may come from the same extrusion head as the molding material. More specifically, the device 丨 0 may accommodate two materials in the following ways: (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page)-4CX) --Jl ·! — Order -------- Line-(, Ψ page 16) This paper size is applicable to China Solid Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 466 16 1 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention Bu 隹 t pi 1. Provide two distribution heads, each head is supported by a vehicle, _ accept molding materials and the other receive support materials; 2_ provide a single distribution head to accept molding materials and support materials, single-pout Distribute two types of materials 'as shown in Figure 6 of U.S. Patent No. 5,121,329; or 3. Provide a single dispensing head to receive molding materials and supporting materials, and distribute one material with two nozzles each nozzle' such as U.S. Patent 55503,785 It is shown in Figure 6. Similarly, 'It is possible to design the device 10 into two different molding materials to form a multi-phase object or a multi-color object. Β When using a material that quickly absorbs moisture (as is the case with many high-temperature thermoplastic materials)' The material supplier 146 should be protected from moisture. If the molding material absorbs moisture and air, it can damage the quality of the mold. For example, when molding with UUemTM, a moisture content of 'greater than 0,05 can damage the quality of the mold. The material supplier 146 can be actively dried to achieve a suitable drying environment. Or, it is possible to exclude the oxygen in the construction environment and inject another gas or gas mixture, so there is no need to actively dry it. In the embodiment shown, an air refraction tank 150 is provided on the extruding material 14, as shown in FIG. 2 In order to prevent a hot spot from forming in the area of the nozzle 66. When forming a small action part that only requires the extrusion head 丨 4, the heat radiated from the extrusion head 14 will tend to stagnate and generate a hot spot at the nozzle 66. , The broadcasted material surrounding this hot spot will increase. In the prior art system (the construction room was heated to 70 to 90 degrees Celsius), Zhou Yuan air was blown into the construction room to avoid the development of hot spots in the area of the nozzle. Construction Page 17 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this s ·) -III l · 1 1 l · · III l · IIII 1 — — — — — — — 1 — — — — — — tnna—

Hu '-.11 " · This paper size applies to Chinese national standard (CNS > A4 size (210 x 297 mm)

V. Description of the invention () The ambient temperature air in the environment can cool the extruded material too quickly, causing curling stress and deformation of the constructed object. The air refractor 150 (see Figs. 6 to 8) is used to cool the nozzle area by the airflow planted in the construction chamber 24. As shown in the figure, the air refractor 150 has a nose 152 facing the exhaust port 32 *. A pair of blades on the nose 152 divide the air from the exhaust port 32 into two streams. Two air streams enter the two slots 56, distributed on both sides of the nose 152. The air grooves 156 bend down and then inwardly toward each other 'so that the airflow from the two air grooves is directed to the nozzle 66 »Each air groove 156 has a forward blade 159 and a backward blade ι60. The airflow in each air groove 156 is divided into three lanes. These airflows ensure an evenly distributed airflow to the nozzle area. However, it is not necessary to divide the air groove 56 into several air passages. Also, the present invention may use any device to refract the airflow to the nozzle. When material is dispensed from an extruder to form a mold, the molding material can accumulate on the nozzle and gradually block the nozzle. High temperature thermoplastics are particularly prone to build up. Therefore, the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a nozzle cleaning unit 170 to remove the molding material deposited on the nozzle 66. As shown in FIG. 9, the nozzle cleaning group 170 is provided on the top of the construction chamber 24 on the right side thereof. Below the nozzle cleaning group is a waste chute 72 to catch loose molding material. The waste gutter 172 is tapered and extends between the heating tank 26 and the vertical slot to pass through the bottom of the furnace 12. The nozzle cleaning group 70 includes two cleaners 174 on both sides of the reversing shaft 176, and the motor 178 drives the shaft 178 in response to a control signal from the controller 14 as shown in the i-th figure. The motor 178 is set outside the furnace 12 "(Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) < i > —— Order ---------- Line—

4 66 16 1 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (as shown in the figure 'each washer 174 is composed of a brush u0 and rain paddles 1 8 2' separated and centered on auxiliary 1 8 4. Brush 1 The best material of 80 is steel and the best material of paddle 182 is silicone rubber. In use, the cleaning procedure of nozzle cleaning group 170 for nozzle 66 is to make the nozzle move back and forth between the two cleaners and drive the cleaning at the same time. 174 while generating downward force on nozzle 66. Rotation speed of 550 rpm is effective a paddle U2 from nozzle 66 to the lower material, and brush ISO material which falls from nozzle 66 a loose pair of materials and then fall into Waste chute 172. The waste container should be placed below the outlet of the waste chute 172a. The cleaner 174 can be removed from the shaft 176 for cleaning or replacement. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that there may be many variations to the nozzle cleaner 174 as long as The material can be removed from the nozzle 66 when turning against the nozzle 66. Page Afraid Page (谙 Read the precautions on the back before filling in this page> * H 41 »ϋ 01 tv r > n 4f ϋ n ϋ ni ^ i I If n ^^ 1 f—

Claims (1)

6 4 MC8D8 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 6. Scope of patent application 1. A three-dimensional molding equipment, which includes at least: a heated construction room in which three-dimensional objects are built; a seat, which is located in In the above construction room; a distribution head is used to distribute the molding material to the above seat, and there is a molding material distribution outlet in the above construction room; and an xyz portal frame is connected to the above distribution head and The seat generates a three-dimensional relative movement between them; it is characterized in that: the above-mentioned xyz portal frame is located outside the above-mentioned building and is separated from the above-mentioned building room by a deformable heat insulator. 2. The three-dimensional molding equipment according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the deformable heat insulator forms part of the above-mentioned construction room, and the above-mentioned x-y-z portal moves the above-mentioned distribution head. 3. The three-dimensional molding equipment according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the xyz portal frame includes: an xy portal frame connected to the above-mentioned distribution head to move it in an Xy plane; and z lifter, attached to the above seat to move it along a z axis. 4. The three-dimensional molding equipment according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned z-elevator is connected to the above-mentioned seat through a sealed seam in the wall of the above-mentioned construction room. 5. The three-dimensional molding equipment as described in _Please Patent Fanyuan Item 1>, on page 20 (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) r. S " * —r 1 ί ^ ^ 1 n-nn I 1 I 1 nt n ^^ 1 I n 1 nn The paper size is applicable to the national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 466161 and the deformable heat insulator described in the scope of the patent application Part of the above-mentioned construction room, the above-mentioned x_y, z-shaped door frame is combined to the seat β (Jing first read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 6. If _ please the three-dimensional molding equipment described in item 1 of the patent scope Among them, the above-mentioned distribution head has a molding material entrance outside the above-mentioned building ^ 7. If the three-dimensional molding equipment described in item 1 of the patent scope is requested, it also includes a cymbal, the above-mentioned x-y_z gate frame and The above-mentioned construction room is provided thereon. 8. The three-dimensional molding equipment described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned construction room is heated to a temperature greater than 150 degrees Celsius, 9. The three-dimensional molding equipment described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above The xyz gantry moves the above-mentioned distribution head and seat in three non-right-angle degrees of freedom. 10. A three-dimensional molding equipment, the three-dimensional molding equipment at least comprises: a heated construction room 'in which three-dimensional objects are built; a movable seat provided in the above-mentioned construction room; and a movable distribution head, There is an outlet for controllable distribution of the molding material, at the above-mentioned outlet is located in the construction declaration; an xyZ portal, connected to the escape head and seat, and synchronized with the distribution of the molding material 'in the above distribution A8 B8 C8 D8 produced between the head and the seat Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 6. The patent application scope is three-dimensional relative movement to build a three-dimensional object of a predetermined shape. The construction room is separated from the above-mentioned construction room by a deformable heat insulator. 11. The three-dimensional molding equipment as described in the scope of patent application No. I 0, wherein the above-mentioned construction room has a deformable partition at the top. The heater is formed through which the above-mentioned xyz portal moves the above-mentioned distribution head. 12. The three-dimensional molding equipment as described in item 11 of the patent scope, wherein the xyz portal includes: an xy portal connected to the above-mentioned distribution head to move it in an Xy plane; and A z-elevator is attached to the above seat to move it along a z-axis. 1 3 · The three-dimensional molding equipment as described in item 12 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned distribution head has a molding material inlet outside the above-mentioned construction room. 14. The three-dimensional molding equipment described in item 10 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a frame, on which the above-mentioned xyz portal frame and the above-mentioned construction room are provided 8 15. As described in item 10 of the scope of patent application The three-dimensional molding equipment, in which the above-mentioned construction room is heated by convection, so that the above-mentioned construction room is produced on page 22 (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -1 —J fl, * ί — ί- ^ OJ · n I n -line—-ι '.— ριαί ------------ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 466 16 1 WBaD Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 6. The scope of the patent application generates an airflow pattern, and also includes a device set on the above-mentioned distribution head so that the air in the above-mentioned airflow pattern is refracted toward the above-mentioned distribution head exit. 16. The three-dimensional molding equipment as described in item 10 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a device for removing the stacked molding material from the outlet of the above-mentioned distribution head. 1 7. The three-dimensional molding equipment as described in item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned construction room is heated to a temperature greater than 150 degrees Celsius. 18. A three-dimensional molding equipment, the three-dimensional molding equipment at least includes a heated construction room in which three-dimensional objects are constructed; a seat is provided in the above-mentioned construction room; a distribution head is used to distribute the molding Material to the seat, and there is a mold material distribution outlet in the construction room; and an xy portal, connected to the distribution head to move it in an xy plane; its characteristics are: The above xy gantry is heat-insulated at the above-mentioned construction site; and-a deformable heat insulator forms part of the above-mentioned construction room, through which the above xy gantry moves the above-mentioned distribution head "1 9. The three-dimensional molding equipment as described in item 18 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned distribution head has a molding material inlet in the above-mentioned construction room, page 23 if Iw- n I I. ^ i— i ϋ ί— K one 3, I nn I— nnt— II JN V _ (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) r This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 466 16 1 AS B8 C8 D8, patent application scope Outside. 2 0. The three-dimensional molding equipment described in item 18 of the scope of the patent application, wherein t, the above-mentioned construction room is heated by convection, so that an airflow pattern is generated in the above-mentioned construction room, and a device is also provided in the The above-mentioned distribution head causes the air in the above-mentioned air circulation case to be refracted toward the above-mentioned distribution head outlet. 2 1. The three-dimensional molding equipment as described in item 18 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a device for removing the stacked molding material from the outlet of the above-mentioned distribution head. 22. The three-dimensional molding equipment according to item 18 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a z-elevator, which is heat-insulated outside the above-mentioned construction room, and is connected to the above through sealed seams in the above-mentioned violation room. Seat. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Consumption Cooperation by Employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed -dr) U -ί 4 [-• '" ·-< ϋ ni Yt fi n δι I n I 1 1 n I n «Λ iin-nnn. ^ 1 in 1 .m.-page 24 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)