TW463187B - Electromagnetic device - Google Patents

Abstract

An electromagnetic device comprises at least one magnetic circuit (1) and at least one electric circuit (2, 3) comprising at least one winding (4, 5). The magnetic and electric circuits are inductively coupled to each other. The device comprises a control arrangement (7) to control operation of the device. This control arrangement is adapted to control frequency, amplitude and/or phase as concerns electric power to/from the device by the control arrangement comprising means (9) controlling the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit.

Description

463187 _Case No. 88104658_ Year, Month, and Day Amendment_ V. Description of the Invention (1) Background of the Invention Field and Known Technology The present invention relates to an electromagnetic device, which includes at least one magnetic circuit and at least one magnetic circuit having at least one winding. The magnetic circuit and the circuit are inductively connected to each other, and the electromagnetic device has a control device that controls the operation of the device. This electromagnetic device can be used in any electrical connection technology. Power ranges from VA up to 1000 MV A. Mainly to achieve high voltage applications, up to the highest transmission voltage used today. A first aspect of the present invention is to design a rotating electric machine. These motors include synchronous motors, which are mainly used as generators for connection to distribution and transmission networks (usually the power network below). These synchronous motors can also be used as motors and mechanical no-load machines for phase compensation and voltage control. The technical field also includes double-fed motors, asynchronous converter cascades, outer pole motors, synchronous flux motors and asynchronous motors. In another aspect of the present invention, the electromagnetic device is formed by a power transformer or a reactor. Transformers are used for all transmission and distribution of electrical energy, and their task is to allow the exchange of electrical energy between two or more power systems, and based on this task, electromagnetic induction is used in a conventional way. The main desired transformer of the present invention is a so-called power transformer with a rated power of several hundred KVA up to more than 100MVA and a rated voltage of 3-4KV, and a very high transmission voltage, a rated voltage of 400KV to 800KV or higher. Although the following description of the conventional technology of the second aspect mainly belongs to power transformers, the present invention can still be applied to reactors, single-phase and three-phase reactors.

4 6 3 W: 7 _Case No. 881Q4658_Year Month and Day Amendment _ V. Description of the invention (2). Regarding insulation and cooling, in principle, the reactor and the transformer have the same specific embodiment. Therefore, the reactor can adopt air insulation and oil insulation, self-cooling, oil pressure cooling and so on. Although the reactor has a winding (each phase) and can be designed with and without a magnetic core, a large part of the description of the conventional technology is still related to the reactor. In some embodiments, at least one winding of the circuit may be air-wound, but regularly includes laminated, forward or oriented, plate or other shaped magnetic cores, which may be, for example, heterogeneous or powdery. Material, or any other function for the purpose of allowing alternating magnetic flux, and includes a winding. Circuits often include some kind of cooling system, etc. In the case of a rotating electric machine, the windings may be installed in the stator or rotor of the electric machine, or both. One problem with the known embodiments of the electromagnetic device having the characteristics referred to above is whether it is difficult to achieve effective control within a certain parameter range or the control device is relatively expensive. At this point, it is known that the control of operating parameters via field windings in generator technology is conventional. The disadvantage of hypothetical rotors is that they involve the form of specific embodiments that are more expensive and more difficult to control. In the case of a permanent magnet rotor, the problem that arises is that field control is practically impossible. This, of course, makes it more difficult to complete the control under general and special precision control situations. Another problem with the conventional technology is that the conventional winding technology makes the acquisition of windings expensive. The known specific embodiments also cause most of the energy consumption and the winding position in the related magnetic circuit is limited. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to devise a method for simplifying and improving the operation of the control of an electromagnetic device having the foregoing characteristic part of the first scope of the patent application.

4 6; _Case No. 88104658_ Year Month Amendment _ V. Description of the Invention (3) It is also desirable to achieve better conditions for manufacturing and installing reasonable windings. By installing a control device to control the frequency, amplitude, and / or phase of the electrical energy to / from the electromagnetic device controlled by the control device including the device that controls the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit, the basic purpose of the invention is achieved ^ Therefore, this The idea of the invention is based on the fact that by controlling the flux, the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit can be directly affected in the desired aspect, so that the operation of the device can be controlled. This provides a very reasonable and economical specific embodiment, in addition to this, and increases the possibility of control to achieve optimal operation. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control device includes at least one control winding connected to the magnetic induction. According to this, through the control winding, using the control parameter that can affect the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit to a desired degree, the control device can achieve the desired control of the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit through the control winding. This control winding can even be shorted. Then, in some embodiments, the magnetic flux may not pass through the control winding. Depending on the design of the magnetic circuit, partial or full latching of the magnetic flux can be generated. Examples of control functions that can be achieved by the method of the present invention are changing the voltage and regulation, reducing transients, reducing the amplitude of oscillations in the power network, filtering out overtones, frequency adjustments, and phase adjustments (if individual phase controls are provided). The control device of the present invention can be used to add a magnetic flux addition to the magnetic flux of a magnetic circuit, that is, the control device can operate directly with energy supply. Control of magnetic circuit_flux means that, for example, in transformers, good control of the voltage of the second winding can be performed so that when the first voltage or load connected to the second winding produces annoying changes, it can meet Claim. Further details and advantages of the magnetic flux control of the magnetic circuit of the present invention, from

Page 8 4 6 ^; _j 88104658__ year month date .. amendment V. Description of the invention (4) The detailed interpolation below will become clearer. At least one winding or at least a portion of the winding of the electromagnetic device includes at least one flexible electrical conductor having a housing that is magnetically permeable but substantially surrounds an electric field generated around the conductor. In other words, 'It means that this flexible conductor and its casing (in the form of an insulation system) are formed by a flexible cable. This has substantial advantages in manufacturing and installation compared to conventional pre-manufactured rigid windings. The present invention makes such an insulation system in the absence of gas and liquid insulation materials. Because the electric field generated around the electrical conductor of the cable of the present invention is roughly circled in the insulation system, the generation of the loss of the present invention is reduced, so that the electromagnetic device can be operated at a higher efficiency. The reduction in wear leads to a lower temperature of the electromagnetic device, which reduces the need for cooling and allows the cooling device to be designed in a simpler way. The present invention is an aspect of a rotating electric machine 'which can operate the electric machine at a high voltage, and a conventional step-up transformer can be omitted. That is, the motor can be operated at a higher voltage than conventional motors that can be directly connected to the power network. This means that 'the investment cost of a system with a rotating motor is relatively low' and the overall efficiency of the system can be improved. The present invention reduces the need for special field control devices in certain winding areas, such field control devices being necessary in the prior art. Another advantage is that the present invention makes it easier to obtain negative magnetization and supermagnetization in order to reduce the reaction effect of voltage and potential which are out of phase with each other. As an aspect of the power transformer / reactor, the present invention first reduces the need for oil filling of the power transformer and related problems and disadvantages.

Case No. 88104658 on page 9_Revision of Year, Month and Day_ V. Description of the invention (5) The winding is designed to include, along at least a part of its length, an insulator made of a solid insulator material. The inner layer and the outer layer have an outer layer. These layers are made of semiconductor material, so that the electric field in the entire device can be wound in the winding. The term " solid insulation material M " as used herein means that the winding lacks liquid or vapor-phase insulation, such as in the form of oil. Instead, the insulator is intended to be formed from a polymer material. The inner and outer layers may also be formed of a polymer material. The inner layer and the solid insulator are rigidly connected to each other over the entire interface. The outer layer and the solid insulator are rigidly connected to each other over the entire interface. Due to its semiconductor characteristics, the inner layer operates equipotentially toward the outside, and accordingly, it operates at an electric field. The outer layer is also intended to be made of a semiconductor material, and it has at least a higher conductivity than the insulator, so that the outer layer can be grounded or connected to a relatively low potential, which can be operated at equipotential and roughly surrounds the outer layer facing inward. The electric field generated by a conductor. In other words, the outer layer should have a resistance sufficient to minimize the power loss of that layer. The rigid connection between the insulating material and the inner semiconductor layer and the outer semiconductor layer should be uniform throughout the interface so that there are no pits, holes, or the like. The high voltages required by the present invention may cause extreme electrical and thermal loads to the insulating material. It is known that the so-called partial discharge and PD usually pose serious problems for insulating materials in high-voltage installations. If there are pits, holes, or the like, high voltages can cause internal corona discharge, whereby the insulating material will gradually decompose and cause the entire insulator to electrically break down. This may cause serious malfunction of the electromagnetic device. Therefore, the insulator should be homogeneous.

Page 10 4 63 1 Case No. 88104658 Modified below the electric potential operation and electric insulation, intended to be at least to be insulated by a general insulation state without this, it is possible to ensure that the conductor and the cable in the curvature are straight during this period. It conducts electricity so that the large thermal expansion of the electric field on the interface of the inner layer is the same. For example, if the outer layer and the solid period of the interface are good, even if the outer layer is bent, it can be bent. The elastic material is the boundary area between the same layers that the material deforms. 5. Description of the invention (6) The inner layer of the insulator facing inward should have properties, but this conductivity is sufficient to make the external electric fields such as the inner layer equal. This combination of the inner layer is rigidly connected, that is, there are no pits, etc., so that it is uniform and consistent, and the risk of PD is reduced. The inner layer and solid electrical insulator are preferably made of materials. On the outer and solid. This means any damage or disintegration caused by the uniform expansion and compression of the inner and outer layers and the solid body. Due to the closeness of the contact surfaces between the state insulators, conditions are maintained to maintain this close relationship. It is also necessary to ensure at least the inner layer and the solid insulating layer and the solid insulating layer to ensure electrical connection. In order to be able to pass through the winding, the cable may be flexible, this radius of curvature is less than 15 times the cable diameter. The cable has a radius of curvature that is 8 times the optimal diameter. It is important that the insulation system has a relatively low E-modulus of this material. To avoid undesired shear forces in the insulation system, these layers are equal in the insulation system. The conductivity of the conductor of the semiconductor material surrounding the insulator is based on the fact that the edge body is equal to 0 on the outer layer of the entire finger. The better body is to change the temperature to ensure that the inner layer and the extension operation have the same nature Then the radius of the insulation system should be 25 times the diameter, or roughly the same composition. The electrical resistance (E-modulus) of the resistance should be relatively low. The inner layer and the outer layer will tend to form a large

Page 11 4 63 1 8? _Case No. 88104658_ Year Month Amendment _ V. Description of the Invention (7) The equipotential surface is caused to reduce the electrical load of this insulation system, and in this way, the The electric field will be distributed fairly evenly across the thickness of the insulator. It is known that high-voltage and transmission cables for transmitting electrical energy are designed with an insulator comprising a solid insulating material including inner and outer layers of a semiconductor material. For the transmission of electrical energy, insulators have long been known to be defect-free. For high-voltage cables for carousel, the potentials are not changed along the length of the cable based on the potentials being equal. However, for high-voltage cables for transmission, transients may still occur, such as the instantaneous potential difference of lightning. According to the present invention, the flexible cable defined by the scope of the patent application is used as the winding of the electromagnetic device. Another improvement can be achieved by making electrical conductors in the winding with smaller, at least some of them, so-called stranded strands which are insulated from each other. By manufacturing these strands with a relatively small load area, preferably approximately circular, the magnetic field across these strands will exhibit a certain geometry related to this field, and the generation of eddy currents is minimized. According to the invention, the winding is therefore preferably made of a cable comprising an electrical conductor and the previously described insulation system, and the inner layer of this insulation system extends around the stranded strands of the conductor. The outer layer of this semiconductor inner layer is the main insulator of the cable formed of a solid insulating material. The outer semiconductor layer of the present invention will exhibit electrical characteristics that can ensure equal potential along the conductor. However, the outer layer may not exhibit a conductive property that causes an induced current to flow along the surface, and this induced current may cause an undesired thermal load and cause loss. For the inner layer and outer layer, the resistance value (at 20 ° C) defined in the patent application scope Nos. 22 and 23 is valid. Regarding the inner semiconductor layer,

Page 12 4 63: 7 _Case No. 88104658_ Years and Months Revision_ V. Description of the Invention (8) It must have sufficient conductivity to ensure that the electric field potentials are equal, but at the same time, this inner layer must have a reliable loop The resistance of the electric field. The inner layer equalizes the irregularity of the surface of the conductor, and forms an equipotential surface by highly surface processing at the interface with the solid insulator. The thickness of the inner layer can be changed, but it must be ensured that for conductors and flat surfaces of solid insulators, thicknesses between 0.5 and 1 mm are appropriate. The flexible winding cable used in the electromagnetic device of the present invention is a modified XLPE (crosslinked polyethylene) cable or a cable having an EP (ethylene-propylene) rubber insulator. This improvement includes, among other things, a new design with respect to conductor strands and cables that, at least in some embodiments, do not provide mechanical protection for the cable without an outer casing. However, according to the present invention, a conductive metal shield and an outer furnace cover can be provided on the outer layer of the semiconductor. This metal shield will have the characteristics of external mechanical protection (such as lightning). The semiconductor inner layer is preferably located at the potential of the conductor. For this purpose, at least one stranded strand of the conductor will not be insulated and can be installed to obtain good electrical contact to the inner layer of the semiconductor. In addition, different strands may alternately make electrical contact with the inner semiconductor layer. The transformer or reactor winding manufactured according to the above cable makes a considerable difference between the conventional power transformer / reactor and the power transformer / reactor of the present invention. The main advantage of the windings formed by the cable of the present invention is that the electric field is looped in the winding and there is no electric field outside the outer layer of the semiconductor. The electric field obtained by a current carrying conductor occurs only in the solid main insulator. From a design and manufacturing point of view, this means considerable advantages:-The windings of the transformer can be formed without having to consider any distribution of the electric field, and the crossing of the stranded strands in conventional technology can be ignored;

Page 13 46318J 'recitation · year a amendment V. description of invention ¢ 9)-the core design of the transformer can be formed without considering any electric field distribution;-the electrical insulation of the windings does not require oil, that is, the surrounding windings The medium can be air;-The electrical connection between the external connection of the transformer and the immediate coil / winding does not require a special connection relationship, because this electrical connection, as opposed to a traditional factory, is integrated with the winding;- The manufacturing and testing technology required by the power transformer of the present invention is simpler than the traditional power transformer / reactor, because it does not require soaking, drying and vacuum treatment in the conventional technology. In the application of the present invention as a rotating electric machine, a substantially reduced thermal load can be obtained on the stator. Therefore, the temporary load of the motor will be less severe, and under the load condition, it will be possible to start the motor for a long time without risk of damage. This means that the owner of the power generator factory is greatly benefited. Under the circumstances of today's forced operation, he must quickly switch to other equipment to ensure that the transmission equipment is under the law. Since the transformer and the circuit breaker need not be included in the system that connects the rotating electric machine to the power network, the maintenance cost of the rotating electric machine of the present invention can be significantly reduced. It has been mentioned above that the outer semiconductor layer of the winding cable is intended to be connected to a ground potential. The purpose is that this layer must be maintained at ground potential along the entire length of the winding cable. The outer semiconductor layer can be cut into several identical sections distributed along the entire winding cable length, each section can be directly connected to the ground

Page 14 0 v] 〔丨 Case No. 88104658__Year Month__g_ Amendment V. Description of invention (10) digits. In this way a better consistency is obtained along the length of the winding cable. It has been mentioned above that the solid insulator and the inner and outer layers can be achieved by, for example, extrusion. However, other technologies are also possible, for example these inner and outer layers and insulators can be formed individually by spraying the substance in question on the conductor / winding. The winding cable is preferably designed with a circular cross section. However, for better packing density ', other wearing surfaces may be used. In order to build the voltage on the rotating motor, the cable is installed in the groove of the core in a number of turns. The windings can be designed as multilayer concentric cable windings to reduce the number of coil ends. The cable may have a tapered insulator to use the magnetic core in a better way, in which case the shape of the groove may be adapted to the winding insulator. One of the obvious advantages of the rotating electric machine of the present invention is that the E-field of the outer coil end region of the external semiconductor is close to zero and the outer casing is at the ground potential without the need to control the electric field. This means that there are no field concentration areas in the plate, the coil end area, and the transition zone between them. In the method of manufacturing an electromagnetic device of the present invention, a flexible cable 穿 which is inserted into a groove opening of a magnetic core of a rotating electric machine is used as a winding. Because the cable is flexible, it can be bent and allows the cable length to be installed in the coil in several turns. The coil end will consist of a curved area of the cable. The cable can still be connected in a way that maintains its characteristics over the entire length of the cable ^ This method is more simplified than conventional techniques. The so-called Robel rod is not flexible, but it must be made into the desired shape. Today, in the manufacture of rotating electrical machines, the winding of insulators and the impregnation of coils are also extremely complicated and expensive technologies. All in all, the electromagnetic device in the form of the rotating motor of the present invention is relatively

Page 15 A ： ：： / ； · _Case No. 881Q4658_Year Month and Day__ V. Description of Invention (11) The corresponding conventional motor has many advantages. First, the motor of the present invention can be directly connected to all high-voltage types of power networks. Another important advantage is that the ground potential is conducted uniformly along at least a part of the winding and preferably along the entire winding, which means that the coil end area can be made into a compression area and the support device in the coil end area can actually be applied. Pre-ground potential. Yet another important advantage is that oil-based insulators and cooling systems do not exist in rotating electric machines, which have already been pointed out above with regard to power transformers / reactors. This means that there will be no sealing problems and that the previously mentioned dielectric ring is not required. Importantly, all forced cooling can be made at ground potential. Detailed description of the preferred embodiment The electromagnetic device illustrated in Fig. 1 has the characteristics of a transformer. It includes a magnetic circuit 1 and two circuits 2, 3, and each circuit includes at least one coil-shaped winding 4 and 5 respectively. The example illustrates that the transformer includes a core 6 of magnetic material. This core is suitably composed of a magnetic plate device to reduce the eddy current loss. However, the actual existence of the iron core is not a necessary condition for application to the present invention. Therefore, specific embodiments and the like of the air winding are included in the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the term magnetic circuit should be interpreted broadly. This term means that the magnetic field generated by the windings 4, 5 should be able to produce a magnetic flux. The electromagnetic device of the present invention includes a control device which is generally numbered 7 to control the operation of the transformer. This control device 7 is used to control the frequency, amplitude and / or phase of the electric energy present in the transformer. In the example, circuit 2 forms the first side of the transformer, while circuit 3 forms the second side of the transformer

P.16 4631 B7 „_ Case No. 88104658 is referred to the side of Amendment V. Invention Description (12). According to this, the electrical energy from this device via the second circuit 3 to form a load represented by element number 8 is coupled. This load It can have any characteristic, such as suitable for consumers but still a distribution and transmission network. The control device 7 includes a device 9 for controlling the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit 1. In the example, this control winding is wound around a part of the iron core. In the specific embodiment of the coreless transformer, the control winding 9 must cooperate with the first and second windings 4 and 5 respectively, so that the magnetic flux induced in the coreless magnetic circuit is inductively coupled with the control winding 9. The preferred embodiment of the present invention The control device 7 in the example is conceived as an active type, that is, the control device 7 should be adapted to actively control the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit 9 through the control winding 9 to obtain the desired characteristics. The control device 7 preferably includes an external At the power source so that by causing a current to flow through the winding 9, the control device 7 can control the magnetic flux through the magnetic circuit 1. The present invention is particularly preferably related to high voltage applications. According to this, this means that a Quite high voltages are usually combined with circuits 2 and 3. However, in this case, it is sufficient for the control device 7 to cause the control device 7 to cause a relatively high current to flow into the winding 9 with a relatively low voltage. For control purposes, the control device 7 may be adapted to add additional magnetic flux to the magnetic flux of magnetic circuit 1. This additional magnetic flux will be added to the same generated flux, and by appropriately controlling this flux addition, it is possible to obtain relevant And the desired parameters of the existing electrical energy. Based on its control function, the device 7 can be adapted to receive voltage information from the voltage measuring device 10 concerning the voltage of the second circuit and / or the load 8. The current measuring element 11 is provided as a second Current measurement of circuit 3. The additional flux generated by the control device 7 can be used to control the frequency,

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Page 17 4 63 1 87 _Case No. 88104658_Year Month Day__ V. Description of the invention (13) Amplitude and / or phase. The control device 7 may be adapted to obtain an external control instruction via the input terminal 12. Furthermore, the control device 7 may be adapted to generate passive control via the control loop 9. In this regard, passive control means that electricity from certain external sources is not used for control purposes. In this regard, the control device 7 may couple one or more passive components, such as a resistor, capacitor or inductor coupled to the control winding 9 in series or parallel. These passive components are coupled to the control winding 9 in a manner that can have different effects on the magnetic flux. These components affect the frequency, amplitude and / or phase of the electrical energy from the electromagnetic device. Figure 1 also shows that the electromagnetic device includes a voltage measuring device 13 and a current measuring device 14 on its first side, which are similar to those on the second side. FIG. 2 illustrates a specific embodiment of the transformer. The only difference from the one described in FIG. 1 lies in that the magnetic circuit 1 here includes a foot 15 on the second side and a foot on the first side in addition to the foot 15 shown in FIG. 1. Outside the column 17, there is an iron core 6 of another leg column 16. Therefore, this means that the iron core 6 of FIG. 2 will form two different flux paths, which are respectively represented by 18 and 19. In this example, the control winding 9 a is wound around the central leg 16, that is, the flux path 18 passes through the first winding 4 of the transformer. In contrast, the second flux path 19 passes around the control winding 9 a via the second winding 5. The magnetic flux generated at the leg 16 by the control winding 9a can be influenced via the control device 7, and then the magnetic flux generated at the leg 15 through the winding 5 on the second side will be affected. In other words, the control winding 9a is here only combined with one of these two flux paths. The variation of FIG. 3 is the addition of another control winding 9b2 in addition to 9bl. These two control windings are wound around their respective legs 1 6 b, 1 5 b, that is, these controls

Page 18 A 63 〖δ, _Case No. 88104658_ Year, Month, Day, Amendment V. Description of the Invention (14) The windings 9bl and 9b2 will belong to their respective flux paths 18 and 19. The control device 7b includes a control unit 20 'which controls the control elements 2 1 and 22 which cooperate with the control windings 9 b 1 and 9 b 2 respectively. By actively or passively controlling the control elements 21, 22 via the control unit 20, adjustments can be made so that the magnetic flux either passes only one of the flux paths 18, 19, or is divided into the same magnetic flux through the flux paths is, 19. With regard to Fig. 3 'it should still be pointed out that the second winding 4b of the' transformer comprises at least two winding parts 23 and 24 which are coupled in series. The magnetic flux in the flux path 18, 19 passes through the main winding member 23, but the flux in the flux path 19 passes only through the winding member 24. Therefore, this means that when the magnetic flux is allowed to pass through only the leg 16b by the control windings 9M and 9b2, no magnetic flux passes through the winding member 24. Therefore, this means that there is a lower output voltage, which is compared with the voltage generated when the total magnetic flux passes through the second winding members 23 and 24 due to the magnetic flux completely passing through the operation of the flux path 19. Therefore, in such a control situation, the control winding 9 b 1 is intended to completely or at least partially cut off the magnetic flux passing through the leg 16 b. FIG. 4 illustrates a specific embodiment of the reactor. The difference from the transformer of Fig. 3 is that the reactor does not have any second side 'so that its electric energy winding system is divided into two winding parts 25, 26. As in the previous specific embodiment, it has two control windings 9cl and 9c2. The magnetic flux can be controlled by these two control windings so that it passes through the winding member 2 to the required degree. The entire flux always passes through the winding member 2 5. Fig. 5 illustrates a rather simplified specific embodiment of a generator, the rotor of which is designated by the reference numeral 26. In this case, this rotor system is designed as a permanent magnet.

Page 19 Miscellaneous. 88104658

Five 'invention description (15) iron rotor. However, it can still be designed as a rotor with field windings. The magnetic circuit here includes an electric output 蛲 纟 and 5 < 1 which is inductively coupled to the magnetic flux of the core 6d. The core 6 d has a portion located near the rotor 26, and the gate iron permanent magnet will generate a magnetic flux in the core during the rotation of the rotor. This flux passes through the output winding for 5 d and creates the output effect in it. The control device 7d includes a control winding 9d inductively coupled to the magnetic circuit as described above. For measuring voltage and current separately | Set 10d and lid also manage output power here. Based on the requirements of the control purpose, by means of the control device 7d, the control winding 9d can now have passive or active functionality to transmit output power from the generator with the required characteristics regarding frequency, amplitude and / or phase. The illustration shows a rather simplified specific embodiment, and in particular it has only one phase. In fact 'specific embodiments can be more complex, especially multi-phase specific embodiments. The number of windings and winding components may be more than discussed, not only the first and second windings of interest so far, but also the number of control windings. The magnetic circuit can also be designed according to the requirements of the function. In the present invention, at least one winding includes a conductive body surrounded by two equal energy layers separated from each other, and a solid insulating layer is located between the two layers, which means that the electric field around the conductive body will be roughly circled in The electric power is installed, so that the first and second windings can be installed at any position on the magnetic circuit with a considerable degree of freedom. Even insertable windings. In this regard, the control device is useful for a transformer having a core and a housing type. In particular, the described winding design is suitable for high voltage applications. Under normal circumstances, the control winding 9 will be at a lower potential than the power winding, based on

Page 20 4 6 * _Case No. 881 (UftPiR __ ^ __ ^ ------ 5. Description of the invention (16) For some reason, the control winding does not need to be provided with an insulation system as in at least one power winding. The present invention An important aspect of the provided electromagnetic device is that a conductor cable with a solid electrical insulation layer is used on at least one winding, the solid electrical insulation layer has a semiconductor inner layer or inner shell 'located between the insulator and one or more electrical conductors therein Between, and with a semiconductor outer layer or housing outside the insulator. These cables can be used as standard cables in other electrical engineering fields (ie, power transmission). In order to describe specific embodiments, standard cables will be briefly described at the beginning The inner conductor carrying current contains a number of stranded strands. These stranded strands are surrounded by a semiconductor inner layer or inner shell. The semiconductor inner layer has a solid insulating layer around it. This solid insulating layer is made of a polymer with low power loss and high penetration Material is formed. Specific examples are polyethylene and specifically cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and ethylene-propylene (EP). The outer layer of the semiconductor can be provided Metal shielding and insulating shell. These semiconductor layers are composed of high polymer materials, such as ethylene copolymer, and have a conductive composition, such as conductive soot or carbon black. This cable is provided below as a power cable. A preferred embodiment of an electric gauge as the winding of a rotating electric machine is shown. The cable 41 shown in the figure contains a conductor 42 carrying a current carrying alternating non-insulated and insulated strands. 2. Solid-state insulated strands They can also be electromechanically intersected. These strands can be twisted / intersected in multiple layers. The conductor has a semiconductor inner layer 43 'which is then covered by a uniform layer of solid insulating material. The insulating layer 44 has no liquid or gaseous insulation Material. This layer 44 is surrounded by a semiconductor outer layer 45. The cable used as the winding in the specific embodiment is provided with metal shielding and external shielding ', but this need not be the case.

Page 21 ^ '" Case No. 88104658_Year Month Amendment_Five' Description of the Invention (17) The outer layer induced current and its loss are preferably cut off at the coil end, that is, from the laminated shape to the end Winding transition zone. This truncation allows the outer layer 45 of the semiconductor to be divided into parts distributed along the cable, and these parts are completely or partly electrically separated. Each truncated section is grounded. This means that around the solid insulated winding at the coil end, the accessible surface and the dirty surface after a period of use have only negligible potential energy relative to ground, and they also cause a negligible electric field. To optimize the rotating motor, the individual magnetic circuit design of the grooves and teeth is of decisive importance. As mentioned above, the groove should be connected as close as possible to the housing on the side of the coil. The teeth in each radial and horizontal direction should also be as wide as possible. It is important to minimize the wear and magnetization of the motor. For winding conductors, such as the cables described above, from some perspectives, there is a great possibility to optimize the core. Next, the description will be made with reference to the magnetic circuit of the stator of the rotating motor. Fig. 7 shows a specific embodiment of the shaft end of the sector / magnetic pole pitch 46 of the motor of the present invention. A rotor having a rotor column is designated by element reference numeral 4 7. Traditionally, the stator is a back part 48 of a laminated iron core composed of sector plates, and a plurality of teeth 49 extend toward the inner diameter of the rotor. Several corresponding grooves 50 are located between these teeth. A cable 51 is used between the other components described above, which allows the groove width of the high-voltage motor to be larger than that which is possible with conventional techniques. Because the demand for each cable insulator facing the winding layer facing the rotor is reduced, the load-bearing surface of the groove is tapered toward the rotor. It can be clearly seen from the figure that the groove is roughly composed of a circular carrier surface 52 surrounding each layer of windings, and has a narrow waist portion 53 between the layers. This groove section can be used as a circular chain groove. Because this high voltage motor will require a considerable number

Page 22 d 6 c '_Case No. 88104658_ Year Month Amendment _ V. Description of the Invention (18) Layers and cables of related sizes and related insulators, and external semiconductors are restricted, cable insulators and stator grooves It may actually be difficult to achieve the required continuous cone shape, respectively. The specific embodiment shown in FIG. 7 uses a cable with three different sizes of cable insulators installed in three correspondingly sized sections 54, 55, and 56, that is, in practice, a modified circular chain recess can be obtained groove. The figure also shows that the thickness of the teeth 4 9 of the stator along the entire groove can be made to have a certain radial width. The winding sections 54, 55 and 56 of FIG. 7 correspond to the winding 5 d of FIG. 5. In contrast, one or more windings corresponding to the control winding 9 of FIG. 5 in FIG. 7 are designated by the reference numeral 40. In a specific embodiment, these control windings 40 are located radially outward of the rotor. It is not necessary to position the control winding 9 at the position 40 in FIG. 7. In another embodiment, the cable used as the winding may be a conventional power cable as described above. The grounding of the outer semiconductor layer 45 is produced by disassembling the metal shield and coating of the electrodes in place. The scope of the present invention provides many specific embodiments depending on the size of the cable that can be obtained, such as the insulator and semiconductor outer layer of interest. Furthermore, specific embodiments having so-called endless chain grooves may be modified beyond those described herein. As mentioned above, the magnetic circuit can be located on the stator and / or rotor of the rotating electrical machine, however, the design of the magnetic circuit will largely correspond to that described above, regardless of whether the magnetic circuit is located on the stator and / or rotor. When winding, several layers of concentric cable windings are preferably used. This type of winding means that all coils are placed in the same group, which is located outside the other group.

Page 23 4 63 1 _Case No. 88104658_Year Month Day__ V. Description of the invention (19) goes up to minimize the number of intersections at the coil ends. This also makes it easier to manufacture and penetrate stator windings in different grooves. Because the cable used in the present invention is relatively easy to bend, the winding can be obtained by a relatively simple penetration method, in which the flexible cable is inserted into the opening 5 2 of the groove 50. Figure 8 shows a simplified and basic schematic diagram of the electric field distribution around the windings of a conventional power transformer / reactor. Here, 5 7 refers to the winding and 5 8 refers to the core and 5 9 are isopotential energy lines. An electric field of the same size. The lower part of the winding is assumed to be at ground potential. Since there must be sufficient insulation between adjacent windings and between each turn and ground, the allocation of potential energy determines the composition of the insulation system. Therefore, the top of the winding is also shown to be subjected to the highest insulation load. The design and positioning of the windings relative to the core is roughly determined by the electric field distribution in the core window. The cable included in the windings of the dry power transformer / reactor of the present invention has been described with reference to FIG. For special purposes, such as to prevent power stranded strands from being exceeded on other areas of the transformer / reactor, the cable may be provided with other, additional outer layers, as previously described. From a geometric point of view, the cable in question will have a conductor area between 2 and 3000 square millimeters (mm 2), and an outer diameter of the cable between 20 and 250 mm. The windings of power transformers / reactors made by the cable described in this invention can be used in single-phase, three-phase and multi-phase transformers / reactors regardless of the shape of the core. The embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is a three-phase stack

Page 24 463 1 87 __Case No. 881Q4658 __ ^-^ ------ V. Description of the invention (20) Core transformer. This core contains the traditional three core mandrels 60, 6 1 and 62, and supports 6 63 and 64. In the miscellaneous embodiment, the 'core core post and the supporting vehicle have a tapered cross-sectional area. The winding formed by the cable is installed concentrically around the core post. The embodiment of FIG. 9 shows three concentric windings 65, 66, and 67. The innermost winding coil 65 can represent the first winding and the other two winding coils 63 and 64 can represent the second winding. In order to make the drawings not too complicated, the connection of windings is not shown. Similarly, the figure shows that in specific embodiments, the separating bars 68 and 69 with different functions are installed at specific points around the windings. The divider bar 形成 is formed of insulating material to provide proper space between concentric windings for cooling, reinforcement, and so on. They can also be formed from conductive materials to form part of the grounding system of the winding. FIG. 9 does not show the control winding 9. Another cable design The modified cable exemplified in FIG. 10 uses the same component numbers as described above and only the letter a is added. In this specific embodiment, the electrical thin film is composed of a plurality of electrical conductors 42a, which are separated from each other by an insulation pad 44a. In other words, the insulator is provided as an insulator between two adjacent independent conductors 42a and between the conductors 42a and the surroundings. Different conductors can be installed in different ways, and they can be used to change the cross-sectional shape of the cable. In the skeletonized embodiment of Fig. 10, the conductor 42a is installed on a straight line, which involves a relatively flat cable cross-sectional shape. It can be concluded from this that the cross-sectional shape of the cable can be changed within extremely wide limits. In Figure 10, it is assumed that

Page 25 463187 --- MM__88104658--Mou Yue s_correction__ (21) Voltage. More specifically, the conductor 42a of FIG. 10 is assumed to be formed by different numbers of turns in the winding, which means that the voltage between these adjacent conductors is relatively low. ^ As mentioned above, the outer semiconductor layer 45a outside the insulator 44a is formed of a cancer-resistant electrical insulating material. An inner layer 43a of a semiconductor material is provided around each of the conductors 42a, that is, each of these conductors has a semiconductor inner layer surrounding itself. According to this', as far as the independent electrical conductors of interest are concerned, this inner layer 43a will be used for equipotentialization. The modified cable 'of FIG. 11 uses the same component numbers as previously described, and only the letter b is added. In this example, there are still several, more specifically, three electrical conductors 42b. The phase voltage is assumed to exist between these conductors, i.e. a substantially higher voltage, and this voltage is higher than the voltage generated between the conductors 42a of the embodiment of Fig. 10. Fig. 11_ has a semiconductor inner layer 43b 'in which a conductor 42b is disposed. However, each conductor 42b is surrounded by another layer 70 of its own, and its characteristics correspond to those of the inner layer 43b. An insulating material 枓 is provided between each layer 70 and the inner layer 43b. Accordingly, the outer layer 43b of the other layer 70 of the semiconductor material of the conductor will become an equipotential layer, and the other layer 70 connected to the individual conductor 42b is located at the same potential of the conductor. Fig. 12 illustrates an example of the high-voltage generator 80 of the present invention, which has a main winding 5e and an auxiliary winding 9e forming a control winding. The main scroll 4 c + Wenxian group 5 e is connected to the ground G and the grounding device 71 and the high voltage line 72 via the circuit breaker 73. This line 72 can be a high-voltage network line or a transmission line_auxiliary winding 9e, which can make phase, data, N, and frequency in the magnetic flux of the motor.

At least one of these changes. If the air gap flux of the stator of the synchronous motor is controlled by the auxiliary winding, compared with if the air gap flux is controlled by the rotor only, its other control purposes can be achieved. That is, for example, if the auxiliary winding system can be controlled in an asymmetric way In the example of three-phase winding. The circuit outside of FIG. 12 includes passive and, if necessary, controllable R, L, and C circuits 74. This circuit includes one or more passive components, such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors. Zigzag, △ or Y shape are connected together. The R, L, and C circuits 74 may still include circuit breakers, semiconductor switching elements, or other types of semiconductor switching elements. The possible connections to ground are shown in the figure. Containing a capacitor connected to the auxiliary winding ge on the circuit, the motor 80 can produce additional reactive power and give an additional reactive power contribution to the high-voltage power network 72. If the circuit 74 connected to the auxiliary winding 9e contains an inductance, the motor 80 can consume effective power, and therefore a braking / damping torque will be produced for the motor. FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The motor is connected to the high-voltage power network 72 and the auxiliary winding 9e is connected to a four quadrant (four quardant) frequency converter 76. The frequency converter shown in the figure includes an AC / DC converter 77 and a battery 78 as an energy storage device. This energy storage can still be a capacitor or another element that can store energy. The AC / DC converter 77 may be a four cjuardant guan width adjusting converter (pwm). Other types of converters can also be used. According to the present invention, the AC / DC converter 77 and

Page 27 46 46

__ Case No. 881 (UfiFiR V. Description of the invention (23) Exchange of effective and reactive power between the auxiliary windings 9e. The AC / DC converter 77 can be made to sense both balanced and unbalanced three-phase quantities. Figure 14 Shows another specific embodiment of the present invention, which is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 13 'but adding a circuit breaker 79 connected to the R, L, C circuit 90, this circuit 90 is grounded. According to the present invention, this specific Embodiment 'It can switch the passive R, L, (: circuit 90 to a slower interval step on the exchange of effective and reactive power between the auxiliary winding 9e and the r, l, C circuit 90, and use The ac / Dc converter 77 and the energy storage 78 make a faster continuous exchange. Fig. 15 shows another embodiment similar to the embodiment of Fig. 13, but the auxiliary winding 9e is passed through the AC / DC converter 77A, The energy storage 78 and the AC / DC converter 77B are connected to the auxiliary power network 81. The converters 77A and 77B can be four-quardant conversion PWM converters. &Amp;

According to this specific embodiment of the present invention, it can still pass through the AC / I) C 77A, the energy storage 78 and several / 1) (: converter 77β), using the auxiliary winding 70 to rated voltage within the specified tolerance And the frequency is supplied to the auxiliary power network 81. Fig. 16 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which is similar to the structure of Figs. 14 and 15. This embodiment of the present invention includes the advantages shown in Fig. ^.

4 63: Case No. 88104658 _ ^ _ g_ Amendment V. Description of the Invention (24) 82 'The power is continuously supplied to the energy storage 78 by the voltage power grid 81. Fig. 18 shows another embodiment of the present invention 'similar to that of Fig. 15, which has auxiliary windings 9eA, 9eB, and another AC / DC converter 77C. In this embodiment of the invention, the control device can be simplified because each auxiliary winding 70A and 70B can be assigned a separate task, such as controlling the magnetic flux of the motor and providing auxiliary power. Fig. 19 shows another embodiment similar to Fig. 15 with the addition of a measuring device 86. The field winding 84 and the field winding device 85 are also shown in the figure. The control signal 87 of the field winding device 85 and the control signal 88 of the rotor angle measurement signal 89 are supplied to the measurement device 86 ', which then manufactures a control signal 100 of the control converter circuit 102. Other control signals can still be measured. According to this specific embodiment of the present invention, it can use the auxiliary winding 9e to reduce the fault current in the event of an internal fault. Fig. 20 shows another specific embodiment similar to the structure of Fig. 15, which incorporates a transformer 102 and a measuring device 104. In this configuration, the measuring device 104 measures the harmonic wave generated by the main winding 5e of the motor 80 through the transformer 102. The signal of the measuring device 106 controls the converter circuit 102 as a frequency converter. Other control signals can still be measured. According to this specific embodiment of the present invention, it can use the auxiliary winding 9e to reduce the harmonics generated by the motor 80. FIG. 21 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the motor 80 is connected to the high-voltage power network 72, and the circuit breaker 108 and the series capacitor 11 are grounded from the shunt connection of the auxiliary winding 9e. According to this specific embodiment of the present invention, it can use the auxiliary winding 9e and the capacitor 110 to make additional reactive power and provide reactive power to the high-voltage power network when the circuit breaker 108 is closed.

Page 29 ^ Λ C Q 1 0 ^ ° Case No. 88104658_Car Moon Day Amendment_ V. Description of Invention (25) An additional contribution. Fig. 22 shows another embodiment similar to the structure of Fig. 21, which includes a number of circuit breakers 108A, 108B and 108C and connection capacitors 110A, 110B and 110C. These circuits can be interconnected in delta and gamma configurations. According to this specific embodiment of the present invention, it can use the auxiliary winding 9e and the capacitors 108A-108C. Making additional reactive power and supplying reactive power to the high voltage power network 72 is an additional contribution. Circuit breakers 108A-108C can provide reactive power in discrete steps. Fig. 23 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the auxiliary winding 9e is connected to a static virtual work compensator of the TSC or TCR type via the circuit breaker 108. According to this specific embodiment of the present invention, it can use the auxiliary winding 9e and the SVC 112 to make extra or consume virtual power, thus causing extra or consuming virtual power, and thus causing extra injected power and exchange of reactive power from the power network 72. When compared with the SVC112 if a circuit breaker is used as the switching element, it allows continuous change of reactive power. FIG. 25 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the auxiliary winding 9e is connected to a semiconductor switching element controlled by a resistor 114. According to this specific embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to use an auxiliary winding 9 e having a semiconductor switching element 1 1 6 controlled by a resistor 114 to electrically reduce the rotor speed. Fig. 26 shows a high-power induction device in the form of a single-phase iron core type transformer 230 according to the present invention. The transformer 230 includes an iron core 232 formed by leg posts 234 '236 and 238 and upper and lower arms 240 and 242. The core 232 may be made of a laminated shape having apertures or windows 241 and 243. In addition, the transformer 230 may be a shell type or an air-wound type.

Page 30 BU A _ Case No. 88104658_ Year Month _ V. Description of the Invention (26) To form a core-type transformer, the first winding 244 is wound around the leg 234. The second winding 2 4 6 is concentrically wound in the same manner around the first winding 244 around the heel 2 3 4 or another leg. If necessary, a second tap winding 2 4 8 in series with the first winding 244 may be wound around the leg 2 3 8. A positioning member 250 may be disposed in the window 241 between the upper and lower arms 240 and 242. The positioning member 250 may be a flexible iron rod or integrally formed of a laminated plate, which provides a supporting function for the core and also provides a flux path as discussed below. The first control winding 256 may be wound around the leg 236 as shown and the second control winding 258 may be wound around the leg 238 as illustrated. The first control device 260 may be coupled with the first control winding 256 and the second control device 262 may be coupled with the control winding 258 as exemplified. This control device may include active and passive components, such as one or more fixed or variable capacitors, inductors, resistors, current or voltage sources or active filters 2 6 1 A-2 6 1E. Likewise, the control device 262 may include one or more of these elements 262A-E. According to the present invention, the feet 236 and 238 and the positioning member 250 may have regions in the form of high-impedance 266, 268, and 270 gaps as required. This area can be an air gap or a non-magnetic spacer. This gap is sufficient to control the flux in a good dynamic range and can usually be changed from a few millimeters to 100 millimeters. The control windings 256 and 258 can be used to make changes in the distribution of flux through the legs. Similarly, the control winding 2 71 can be used to control the flux distribution of the positioning member 270. In a traditional transformer, the first winding produces a corresponding flux Φ in the core. In a simple transformer with only two legs, the flux is completed in a continuous loop or a looped loop. The structure illustrated in FIG.

Page 31 4 63, d / _ Case No. 88104658 _ _ month and month amendment _ V. Description of the invention (27) The quantity Φ1 is divided into fluxes Φ2 and Φ3 in the corresponding foot posts 236 and 238. The structure exemplified in Fig. 26 is that the first transformer has N1 turns, the second transformer has N2 turns, and the drawn current has N3 turns. In a simple transformer, the voltage VI of the first transformer divided by the number of turns N1 is equal to the voltage V2 of the second transformer divided by the number of turns N2. Therefore, in the conventional relationship, the voltage ratio V1 / V2 is equal to the number of turns ratio N1 / N2. In the structure of FIG. 26, if the flux of the foot post 238 is 0, the above-mentioned relationship is established. However, if it is assumed that Φ 3 is at the maximum value, the number of turns N 3 of the second drawn current winding 2 4 8 is added to the number of turns N 1 of the first transformer (because they are connected in series), then the above relationship is modified to V1 / V2 = (N1 + N3) / N2, which increases the voltage at the output. According to the present invention, the flux distribution of the corresponding legs 2 3 6 and 2 38 of the iron core 2 3 2 can be changed, and the voltage relationship between the first transformer and the second transformer can be changed. 266 and 268 can be set. There are air voids and mechanically changing the air voids' This is not an economical method. Accordingly, control windings 2 5 6 and 258 are provided. If the control winding 258 carries a variable capacitive reactance, such as the 262 A shown, it can change the capacitance so as to enclose or encircle the flux path φ3, making the voltage relationship between the first transformer and the second transformer simple. The number of turns is N1 / N2. In addition, the capacitance can be selectively changed so that the flux? 3 is unobstructed or partially obstructed. If, on the other hand, the control winding 2 56 carries a variable capacitive reactance 261A ', the flux path φ2 can also be completely enveloped' and the voltage relationship between the first transformer and the second transformer is the first transformer The number of turns plus the number of turns to draw the current is (Nl + N3) / N2. Capacitance IHIIIH1 Page 32 4 Case No. 88104658 Rev. V. Description of the Invention (28) The degree of load will determine the final value of the voltage ratio. Therefore, the variable transformer is a control winding that can change the flux path of each leg to affect the transformer output. It should be understood that a variety of variable impedances can be used. For example, if a variable inductor is used, the impedance changes inversely with the inductance. Therefore, a high inductive load will result in a correspondingly high flux distribution at the feet. If high resistance is used as the load for the control winding, high flux distribution will be generated at the foot post. If the control winding is short-circuited, the effect is similar to conductive positioning around the core fetters, and its flux will be blocked. Fixed and variable real reactive loads are also available. In addition, active components such as active filters can be used to provide load or start-up. This filter can be controlled programmatically. A variable power source may also be provided, such as a voltage or current source 2 6 1 D for the control winding 256 to make an input for adjusting the flux Φ2 of the leg 236. Can be modulated in amplitude, phase, and frequency. Similar devices can be used to control the windings 2 5 8. It is also possible to provide an active filter such as 2 6 1 E as a component of the controller 2 61, whereby the operation of the control windings can be changed and therefore the output of the modulation transformer. As mentioned above, the positioning member 250 is provided as a stable size and support, and it provides a flux carrying path to guide the flux of the transformer when the first or second transformer fails. In the event of a fault, the compensating air gap or impedance 270 passing through the positioning member 250 provides a flux path for increasing the impedance of the transformer to a safe limit, thereby avoiding sudden failure. If necessary, the flux through this compensation impedance 270 can be changed by the control circuit. Similarly, one or more positioning members 68 shown in FIG. 9 may be used as alternate fluxes that can be controlled

I

P.33 4 63 1 η -Case No. 881_Welcome < Year Month Day Amendment__ V. Explanation of the Invention (29) Approach. Such a device provides ~ additional degrees of freedom not previously available with high power transformers. Fig. 27 illustrates a still electric energy reactor 330. The structure of the reactor 330 is similar to that of the transformer 301 in FIG. 26 except that the second reactor is not provided. Therefore, for convenience, similar components of the reactor 330 will have component numbers in the 300 series. In the illustrated configuration, the first winding 344 is connected in series with the second current-drawing winding 348. Therefore, the reactor 33o includes a pair of inductors connected in series. By changing the flux distribution of the iron core 3 3 2, the inductance of the magnetic circuit can be similarly changed. For example, when the flux path Φ2 is at the pin 236, the maximum inductance is generated. This can be accomplished by a high capacitive load or short circuit across the control winding 356. Similarly, when the flux of the path Φ3 is reduced by increasing the variable impedance 368, the inductance of the magnetic circuit will be minimized. The reactor illustrated in FIG. 27 can be similarly manufactured with the cable structure illustrated in FIG. 6 so that it can be used for high power operation. The configuration of Figs. 26 and 27 is a single-phase system. It should be understood that three-phase devices can be used in the same way in order to enjoy the benefits of three-phase operation. According to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 28 shows a part of a transformer or a reactive iron core 400. The iron core 400 has a main flux foot post 402 and includes one or more flux paths or foot post 402. With 404 magnetic circuit. One of the posts 402 shown in Fig. 28 has a main winding 403. A magnetizable adjuster or control leg 404 of a region 40 with a reduced permeability is parallel to the leg 402. The area 405 may be an air void, a plurality of voids, or a recess in the core or on a solid material insertion element having a magnetic permeability # 1 lower than the permeability of the core material.

P.34 4631 87 Amendment_Case No. 88104658 V. Description of the invention (30) Hole, or it can be obtained by other suitable devices. Figure 29 shows another specific embodiment of the present invention, wherein the main leg 401 carries the main winding 403 , And is divided into two sub-posts 402 and 404 at its lower end. One of the secondary legs 402 corresponds to the above-mentioned control adjuster legs 404, and includes a region 405 'having a reduced permeability, and the control winding and the variable capacitor 408 are consumed. The output voltage of the primary winding 4 0 3 can be supplied via the secondary windings 41 2 and 41 4 connected in series with the primary winding. The secondary windings 41 2 and 4 1 4 are individually carried by the secondary legs 4 02 and 404. The secondary windings 41 2 and 41 4 are wound facing each other. Therefore, the 'secondary winding can be operated in such a manner that the flux of one is increased' and the flux of the other is decreased. Therefore, the secondary windings 412 and 414 will receive the same voltage as the primary winding. As a result, the voltage adjustment or control range is doubled. Fig. 30 shows a modified embodiment of the structure of Fig. 29 in which the sub-pillars 412 and 414 include areas 422 or 424 with reduced permeability. The control windings 40 6 and 408 are connected to separate variable capacitors 409 and 41 respectively. With two control feet, the adjustment range can be increased. The present invention can be applied to a single-phase inductive coil 440 having a main winding 442 and a control winding 444 on an iron core 446 and optionally an air gap or conductive region 448. By applying a load or control signal to the control winding 'discussed above, the flux φ of the iron core 446 can be changed. This structure can be used in polyphase reactors, voltage regulators, negative 胄 branch transformers such as polyphase inductor-controlled voltage regulators, automatic transformers and step-up transformers, or any application requiring a voltage inductor. Fig. 31 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention ', in which

Page 35 4631 8? --- Case No. 88104658 said amendment 5 'Invention (31) three-phase transformer 5 1 0 of the main winding 5 1 2 and the branch winding 514 wound on the core 5 1 6. The variable flux pathway is shown on the pedestal 518 and the yoke 520 in dashed lines. According to the present invention, a control winding may be used on each leg gig or each yoke 520. Air gaps or highly conductive areas 522 as described above may be used. Furthermore, the positioning members described above can be used in the configuration of Fig. 31. These positioning members can be similarly provided with air gaps or high conduction areas, and the flux through this positioning member can be controlled by impedance or active control windings. These windings can be connected in series or branched like a flux carrying pathway. Possible Modifications Obviously, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments discussed above. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that a number of detailed modifications are possible when the basic concept of the present invention is proposed without departing from this concept defined in the scope of the accompanying patent application. For example, the present invention is not limited to the specific material choices exemplified above, and functionally equivalent materials may be used instead. Regarding the manufacturing of the insulation system of the present invention, in addition to extrusion and spraying, other technologies are also feasible as long as it can achieve the tightness between the layers. Furthermore, additional isoelectric layers can be installed. For example, the equipotential layer of one or more semiconductor materials may be placed between the inner layer and the outer layer referred to above as an insulation system, and according to the present invention, 'is not necessarily formed with a fired cable as discussed above. The control winding 9 is based on the fact that the voltage of the control winding is usually lower than the voltage of the rest of the winding of the electromagnetic device in question. More specifically, the remainder of the 'winding may be a high voltage winding. For other parts of the present invention, the true control principle can be changed in various ways when performing the method of the present invention 'within the control function's desired range'.

Page 36 4 63 1 87 _Case No. 88104658_ Year Month Revision _ Brief Description of the Drawings Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of the transformer of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a changed transformer; Figure 3 is Schematic diagram of another altered transformer; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram similar to Figure 3 but related to a specific embodiment of the reactor; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a specific embodiment of a generator; Figure 6 is a display included in the revised Partial cut-away schematic diagram of the components in a standard cable; 'Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the axial end of the sector / magnetic pole pitch of the magnetic circuit of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution around the windings of a traditional power transformer / reactor; Figure 9 is A three-dimensional perspective view of a concrete embodiment of the power transformer of the present invention is shown in FIG. 10. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a modified cable structure having several electrical conductors relative to FIG. 1; and FIG. Sectional schematic diagram of another structure of the body; Figures 12-25 are block diagrams of various control devices of synchronous motors with control windings according to the present invention; Figures 26 are controlled by the present invention Schematic diagram of an example of a transformer; Figure 27 is a diagram of an example of a reactor of the present invention; Figures 28-30 are diagrams of an example of a controlled reactor of the present invention; Figure 31 is a three-phase transformer of the present invention with various flux paths Instantiation

P.37 4631_MM 88104658 Revision Modification Simple Description Schematic. Circuits 4, 4b, 4c .., windings 5d, 5e ... winding parts 7, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d ... control device element label description 1, 1 a, 1 d ... magnetic circuit 3 ... ....... circuit 5,5b ... winding 6,6a, 6c, 6d, .. core 8,8c, 8d ... load 9,9a, 9bl, 9b2,9e, 9eA, 9eb, 9d ... control winding 10, lOd ... voltage measuring device 11, lid ... current measuring device 1 2 ... input terminal 1 3 ... voltage measuring device 14 .... current measuring device 15, 15b ... foot post 1 6, 1 6b, foot post 1 7 ... foot post 18, 19 ... flux path 20, 2 0c, 21, 21c, 22, 22c ... control elements 23, 24 , 2 5, 2 6, .. Winding parts Cable semiconductor inner layer semiconductor outer layer street 4 0 ... control winding 4 1, 41 a, 41 b .. 42, 42a, 42b ... conductor 43, 43a, 43b .. 44, 44a, 44b ... Insulation layers 45, 45a, 45b ... 46. Sector pitch / pole pitch 48 ... Stator 49 ... Gear 50 ... Groove 51 ... Cable 52 ... .Groove opening 5 4,5 5,5 6 ... Electrical segment 5 8 ... Iron core 5 9 ... Isopotential energy line 6 0,6 1,6 2 ... Iron core stem 6 3 , 6 4 ... support column 6 5, 6 6, 6 7 ... concentric winding

Page 38 4631 87 _Case No. 88104658_ Year, month, day, correction diagram, simple description 6 8, 6, 9 ... Separator bar 70 ... Outer layer of conductor 42b 71 ... Grounding equipment 72 .., high voltage line 73 .. Circuit breaker 74 .. Circuit 76 .. Frequency converter 77 '77A, 77B, 77C AC / DC to 78 .. Battery 79 .. Circuit breaker 80 .. Motor 81 .. Auxiliary Power network 82 .. transformer 84 .. field winding 85 .. field winding device 86 .. measurement device 87 .. control signal 88 .. control signal 89 .. rotor angle measurement signal 100 Control signal 102., circuit 104 .. measuring device 106 .. signal 108, 108A, 108B, 108e of measuring device ... circuit breaker 110, 110A, 110B, 110C ... capacitor 114 ... resistance 116 ... semiconductor switching element 230 .. transformer 232 .. core 234 .. leg 236, 238 ... leg 240 .. upper arm 241 _ .. core window 242 .. lower arm 243 ... Core window 244 .. First winding 246 .. Second winding 248 .. Second tap winding 2 5 0,, Positioning member 2 5 6, 2 5 8 ... Control winding 2 6 0... First control winding 261 .. active filter 2 62 .. second control device 266, 268 High-impedance gap 2 7 0 ...

Page 39 4 63 1

Case No. 88104658 on page 40. Simple explanation of the correction plan 271. • Control winding 330… Reactor 332. • Core 334… First winding 344 .. First winding 348… Second drawn current winding 356 .. Control winding 368 ... Impedance 400 .. • Core 401 ... Main foot post 402 ... Main flux foot post 403 ... Main winding 404 ... Foot post 40 5 ... Area of reduced magnetic permeability 406. •. Control winding 40 9, 4 1 0. • Variable capacitors 412, 414. • * Secondary leg 510.,. Three-phase transformer 512 .., main winding 514 ... branch winding 516 ... iron core 518 ... feet Column 5 2 0 ... 522 ... air gap or high conduction area

Claims (1)

6,4631 ^ VI. Patent application scope 88104658 傣 日 1. An electromagnetic device comprising at least one magnetic circuit (1) and at least _ a circuit (2, 3) including at least one winding (4, 5), magnetic The circuit and the circuit are inductively connected to each other, and the electromagnetic device includes a control device (7) for controlling the operation of the device, which is characterized in that the control device (7) is used to control the control to / from the control device including the device (9) The frequency, amplitude, and / or phase of the electrical energy of the electromagnetic device of the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit, and the at least one winding (4, 5) or at least a part thereof includes at least one conductive body (42) having an insulation system, the insulation The system includes an electrical insulator (44) formed by a solid insulating material and its inner-inner layer (43) 'The at least one electric conductor (42) is installed inside the inner layer (43)' and the conductivity of this inner layer Lower conductivity than the conductor but sufficient to equalize the electric field outside the inner layer (4 3). 2. The device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control device includes at least one control winding (9) inductively connected to the magnetic circuit. 3. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control device (7) is used to control the impedance of the magnetic circuit. 4. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the control device is used to add an additional magnetic flux to the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit. The device of the scope of application for patent No. 3, in which the leaf with a magnetic permeability greater than 1 is enclosed in the magnetic circuit, and the control device (7) changes the area of one or more magnetic circuits with = variable magnetic permeability. Permeability, while controlling the resistance of the magnetic circuit, the device according to item 5 of the patent, which has a variable permeability & domain containing one or more gaps in the magnetic circuit. 7 · According to the device in the scope of patent application No. 1 or 2, the magnetic circuit does not have magnetic _ ΙΜΜ Page 41 1 63 1 87 _ Case No. 88104658_ Year month amendment _ Sixth, the scope of the patent application 08. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the winding is wound around the magnetic core (6) . 9. The device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control winding (9) and the windings (4, 5) of the circuit are installed so that substantially the same magnetic flux passes. 10. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, the device forms a reactor, which is used to control the frequency, amplitude and amplitude of the electric energy flowing into the windings (4, 5) of the circuit through the at least one control winding. And / or phase. 11. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the circuit (2) includes at least two windings (2 3, 2 4) coupled in series, and the magnetic circuit includes at least two alternating flux paths (1 8, 19), the at least one control winding is used to control magnetic flux through one or both of these flux paths, and the two windings of the circuit are positioned so that one of them can be switched by the at least one control winding Breaking magnetic flux. 1 2. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the magnetic circuit is installed in the stator or rotor of the rotating electric machine. 13. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the magnetic circuit (1) belongs to a transformer having first and second windings (4, 5), and the first and second windings and the control winding (9) are The warp is equipped with the same magnetic flux. 14. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the second winding of the transformer includes at least two winding components coupled in series, and the magnetic circuit includes at least two alternating flux paths (18, 19), at least Two generation control windings (9bl, 9b2, 9cl, 9c2) are used to control the magnetic flux through one or both of these paths, and the two winding components of the second winding are positioned so that both Page 42 4 63 1 _Case No. 88104658_Year_Month__ VI. One of the scope of patent application One can cut off the magnetic flux by controlling the winding. 15. The device according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, which comprises a magnetic core having at least three legs coupled in parallel, of which two legs belong to different flux paths, and the third leg belongs to This two-flux pathway. 16. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the insulation system outside the insulator includes an outer layer (4 5), which has a higher conductivity than the insulator, so that the outer layer is connected to ground or similarly Low potential energy can have the effect of equalizing energy. 1 7. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the outer layer is a device that substantially surrounds an electric field, which is caused by the conductor (42) inside the outer layer (45). 18. A device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the inner layer (43) and the solid insulator provide substantially equal thermal properties. 19. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the outer layer (45) and the solid insulator provide approximately equal thermal properties. 20. The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one conductor (42) forms at least one inductor. 21. The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner layer (43) and / or the outer layer (45) comprises a semiconductor material. 22. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the inner layer (43) and / or the outer layer (45) have a resistivity of 10_60〇1-1001 (0〇11, suitably 10_3-1 0 0 0 Ω cm, better than 50 0 Ω cm. 2 3. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the inner layer (43) and / or the outer layer (5 5) has a conductor with a resistance per meter length. / Insulation system is Page 43 A 63 1 87 _§4 88104658 玍 b Day Amendment _ Sixth, the scope of patent application is 50 / Ω-5MΩ. 24. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the solid insulator (44) and the inner layer (43) and / or the outer layer (45) are formed of a polymer material. 25. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the inner layer (43) and / or outer layer (45) and the solid-state insulation system are rigidly connected to each other over the entire interface to ensure that when flexing and temperature changes Adhesion. 2 6 _ The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the solid insulator and the inner and / or outer layers are formed of a highly elastic material to maintain mutual adhesion in deformation during operation. 2 7. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the solid insulator and the inner layer and the outer layer are formed of a material having a substantially equal E-modulus. 28. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the inner layer (43) and / or the outer layer (45) and the solid insulator (44) are formed of a material that provides a substantially equal thermal expansion coefficient. 29. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the conductor (42) and its insulation system constitute a winding formed by a flexible cable (41). 30. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the inner layer (43) is in electrical contact with at least one conductor (42). 31. The device according to item 30 of the scope of patent application, wherein the at least one electrical conductor (42) includes a number of stranded strands' and at least one electrical conductor (42) stranded strands are at least partially uninsulated and are installed and inner layer (4 3) There is electrical contact. 32. The device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, in which the conductor (42) and its insulation system are designed for high voltages ‘appropriately exceeding 10 kv’ 4 6 5kv。 Over 36kv and preferably higher than 72.5kv. 3 3. The device according to item 12 of the scope of patent application mostly has a groove C 5 0) core for winding (4 1) 3 4. The device according to the scope of the patent application, unit 2 motor, motor or synchronous compensator Made up. The magnetic circuit contains a more (48). It is characterized in that it is developed by a voltage power network according to item 2 of the scope of the patent application, which is suitably 36KV. The & device is directly connected to the high and further, there is no intermediate transformer, and it is composed of a power transformer 36 'device / reactor according to item 2 of the scope of patent application. 37 · —A high-voltage rotating electrical machine comprising a stator, a rotor, and at least two windings, wherein at least one of the windings includes a main winding for connection to a power network for at least one of manufacturing and consuming electrical energy And at least one of the windings includes an auxiliary winding that controls the magnetic flux of the motor, and at least one of the windings includes a cable that includes at least one conductor carrying a current and a magnetically conductive, insulated by a limited electric field The conductor surrounded by the shell, the telescope is formed in the corresponding winding of the motor-the number of turns that are not blocked. 38. The rotating electric machine according to item 37 of the patent application scope, wherein the electric buffer includes at least one semiconductor layer surrounding the conductor. '3 9 _If a patent application | ε «rotary motor around item 37, wherein the at least one semiconductor layer has a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially equal to that of the insulating layer' 40 · If a patent application for a rotary motor, item 37, The casing includes an insulating layer surrounding a current carrying conductor, and an outer layer surrounding an insulating layer having semiconductor characteristics for manufacturing a high energy-limited surface. 45th stomach 4 63 i 「_ Case No. 88104658 .......—— ^ ——_—— 3____________a …… ._ Amendment____ I. Application for patent scope 41. One The rotating electrical machine according to item 40 of the scope of patent application, wherein the cable further includes an inner layer between the current carrying conductor and the insulating layer with semiconductor characteristics. 4 2.—A rotating electrical machine according to item 40 of the scope of patent application , Where the cable is flexible. 43. A static high-energy electromagnetic device, comprising: at least one main winding, when energized, for manufacturing flux, which includes a current carrying conductor and a magnetically permeable, enveloping The electric field of the conductor defines an insulating shell; at least one control winding having an active relationship with the main winding; a flux bearing area; and a control device coupled to the control winding for changing the flux of the flux bearing area. U 4. According to The device according to item 43 of the patent application, wherein the housing includes at least: a solid insulating layer surrounding the conductor, and at least one conductive layer surrounding the conductor. 4 5. The device according to item 43 of the patent application The further flux bearing area is magnetizable and has an active relationship with the main winding and the control winding. 146. The device according to item 45 of the scope of the patent application, in which the magnetizable flux has an active relationship with the main winding and the control winding The load-bearing area includes at least one of the shell and the core. 4 7. The device according to item 43 of the scope of patent application, which further includes a flux-bearing area that has an active relationship with one of the main winding and the control winding. Page 46 463187 —___________ Case No. 88104658 ____ 芏 _—January _____ Day Amendment ___________ VI. Patent Application Scope Relatively south impedance area. 48. The device according to item 43 of the scope of patent application, wherein the housing includes an inner layer surrounding a conductor having semiconductor characteristics; a solid insulating layer surrounding the inner layer; and an outer layer surrounding the insulating layer having semiconductor characteristics. 49. A high-energy variable inductance device comprising: a magnetic circuit including a flux path and a flux-bearing area; a main winding surrounding the flux path; at least one control winding surrounding the flux path; and A control device coupled to the control winding is operable to selectively change the flux in the flux bearing area when the energy is passed. 50. A high-energy variable inductance device comprising: a magnetic circuit including a flux path and a flux-bearing region in the flux path having a selectively variable flux-bearing characteristic; at least one A main winding having an active relationship with this flux path; at least one control winding surrounding the flux path; and a control device coupled to the control winding, which is operable to selectively change the pass in this area when energized Quantity carrying characteristics. 5 1. The device according to item 14 of the scope of patent application, which comprises a magnetic core with at least three feet coupled in parallel, two of these feet belong to different flux paths, and the third foot Both belong to this two-flux pathway. Page 47