五、發明說明(l) ------ 【發明領域】 本發明為〜種抑制高速線路電磁干擾之抿消線路,特 別是一種藉由信號產生器達到磁場抵消與電場耦合之抵消 線路。 【發明背景】 為了提昇電子產品的電磁相容性(E i ectr〇magne t i c Compatibi 11 ty,EMC),在設計電子產品時便需考慮到電 減、信號線、類比信號、數位信號、電氣箱、以及操作箱 等電路設計。其中’不可缺少的便是濾波線路,包括:去 輕合電容(Decoupling capacitors)、濾波電容(Filter capacitors、)和旁路電容(Bypass capacitors)等。由於 PCB上信號日漸提高(由33MHz提升至1 33MHz),且PCB上的 印刷電路線(s t r i p )由於電阻較高,雖僅少許電流亦會導 致壓降’較之更甚者,若使用於高頻時電感的影響頗大, 所具有的電感在高頻電路中不可忽視,一般加在信號上的 濾波器(包含電阻電容之Rc濾波器或電感電容之LC濾波器) 在f能景;;響信號品質(如信號之上升時間、傳遞延遲及振 幅)的考量下’無法滿足高速線路電磁干擾的抵消目的。 基於上述所提之濾波器,會嚴重影響高速線路信號品 質’使用差動信號Signals)以解決高速線 路電磁干擾的抵消目的,實為一可行的方式。但是,目前 高迷^ 5虎之線路大部份為單端信號(s丨n g I e - e n d e d s i gna 1) ’無法作到與差動信號產生電磁干擾抵消的目的V. Description of the Invention (l) ------ [Field of the Invention] The present invention is a cancellation line that suppresses electromagnetic interference of high-speed lines, especially a cancellation line that achieves magnetic field cancellation and electric field coupling by a signal generator. [Background of the Invention] In order to improve the electromagnetic compatibility of electronic products (Eiectromagnetic Compatibi 11 ty, EMC), it is necessary to consider power reduction, signal lines, analog signals, digital signals, electrical boxes when designing electronic products. , And circuit design such as operation box. Among them, indispensable are filtering circuits, including: decoupling capacitors, filter capacitors, and bypass capacitors. As the signal on the PCB is gradually increasing (from 33MHz to 1 33MHz), and the printed circuit lines on the PCB have higher resistance, although only a small amount of current will cause a voltage drop, it is even worse than if used on high The influence of frequency-frequency inductance is quite large, and its inductance cannot be ignored in high-frequency circuits. Generally, filters (including Rc filters with resistance and capacitance or LC filters with inductance and capacitance) added to the signal are in the energy range; Considering the signal quality (such as signal rise time, transmission delay, and amplitude), it cannot meet the purpose of canceling electromagnetic interference on high-speed lines. Based on the filters mentioned above, it will seriously affect the signal quality of high-speed lines. The use of differential signals (Signals) to solve the electromagnetic interference cancellation of high-speed lines is a feasible way. However, at present, most of the high-definition ^ 5 tiger lines are single-ended signals (s 丨 n g I e-e n d e d s i gna 1) ’cannot be used to cancel electromagnetic interference with differential signals.
五、發明說明(2) 而P C B使用於高速數位電路之處理時,必需處理一些 寬度狹窄、上升下降時間極速之脈波,及因電源的障害而 導致誤動作等情況。所以解決高速線路電磁干擾之抵消線 路顯得相當重要。 【發明之概述及目的】 本發明所提之抑制高速線路電磁干擾之抵消線路,係 藉由信號產生器中的一時脈接腳(p i n c 1 〇 c k),透過走線 經一移相器(p h a s e s h i f t e r )移相,再經一微帶天線 (Microstrip antenna)或一帶狀線天線(Stripline antenna),以發射倒相之電磁波,與原存在之電磁波達到 相互抵消之作用。 有關本發明之詳細内容及技術,兹就配合圖式說明如 下: 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖為本發明實施例的抑制高速線路電磁干擾之抵消線 路示意圖; 第2 A圖為本發明實施例所利用微帶線路上的駐波分布示意 圖; 第2B圖為本發明實施例所利用微帶線路的端部輻射示意 圖; ' 弟2 C圖為本發明貫施例的電磁場抵消及Ά漏場強度不意 圖’,及 第3 A - 3 Η圖為習知移相器的型式圖。 【符號說明】V. Description of the invention (2) When PCB is used in the processing of high-speed digital circuits, it is necessary to deal with pulses with narrow widths, extremely fast rise and fall times, and malfunction due to power supply obstacles. Therefore, it is very important to solve the cancellation of electromagnetic interference on high-speed lines. [Summary and purpose of the invention] The canceling line for suppressing electromagnetic interference of high-speed lines mentioned in the present invention uses a clock pin (pinc 1 ck) in a signal generator to pass a phase shifter through the wiring. ) Phase shift, and then pass a microstrip antenna or a stripline antenna to emit phase-inverted electromagnetic waves, which cancel each other out. The detailed content and technology of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the drawings: [Simplified description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cancellation circuit for suppressing electromagnetic interference of a high-speed line according to an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 2A is an implementation of the present invention. Schematic diagram of standing wave distribution on the microstrip line used in the example; Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of the end radiation of the microstrip line used in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2C is the electromagnetic field cancellation and leakage field of the embodiment of the present invention Intensity is not intended ', and Figures 3 A-3 are diagrams of conventional phase shifters. 【Symbol Description】
第5頁 五、發明說明(3) 10 信 號 產 生 哭 wtr 20 無 效 的 時 脈接腳(pin clock) 30 信 號 線 40 移 相 器 (phase shifter) 50 微 帶 天 線(Microstrip antenna) 50 帶 狀 線 天 線(Stripline antenna) 60 已 抵 消 大 部份的電磁場 7 0s 洩 漏 場 強 度(stray fringing fie [發 明之 詳 細 說 明】 就目前PC硬體架構而言,大部份j c的時脈均由一信號 產生器所提供,通常為一產生無線電頻率(l〇〇kHz以上)之 振盪器,用以產生必要之輸出、頻率、調變頻率及調變度 等信號。而這些時脈經由PCB的線路圖形(trace)貫穿整個 PCB,電流流動的時脈所造成的磁場、電場充滿了整個% 2而在遠場形成平面&。因此本發明提出―種利用信號 產生益抑制高速線路電磁干擾的抵消線路。 =1圖為依據本發明所揭露的抑制高速線路電磁干擾 . 1 了 應用仏浼產生器1 0中的一無效的時脈 接腳(p 1 n c 1 0 c k ) 2 0,藉由兮拄邮Μ pi 猎甶該吩脈接腳連接一信號線30, W 1 w祝課d U ’經由一敕知吳,n u 、 , 一把 0 移相 a(phase shifter)40 移相後為 假仏5虎(DummySignal)绩议 * s 經由一天線50以發射倒相之電王—差動佶就'银降神 線(Microstrip antenna)5〇由—波,该天線可以是微常 ante㈣a)5〇 ,並鱼& —帶狀線天線(S打ipUne 〃原存在之電磁波達到相互抵消之作用 由-夭㈣\線路’ i生-差動信號線路’再Page 5 V. Description of the invention (3) 10 signal generation cry wtr 20 invalid pin clock 30 signal line 40 phase shifter 50 microstrip antenna 50 stripline antenna (Stripline antenna) 60 has canceled most of the electromagnetic field 7 0s leakage field strength (stray fringing fie [Detailed description of the invention] As far as the current PC hardware architecture, most of the jc clocks are controlled by a signal generator Provided, it is usually an oscillator that generates radio frequency (above 100kHz), used to generate the necessary output, frequency, modulation frequency, modulation degree and other signals. These clocks pass through the PCB's circuit traces. Throughout the entire PCB, the magnetic field and electric field caused by the clock of the current flow fill the entire% 2 and form a plane & in the far field. Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of cancel line that uses signal generation to suppress high-speed line electromagnetic interference. = 1 The figure shows the suppression of high-speed line electromagnetic interference according to the present invention. 1 An invalid clock pin (p 1 nc 1 0 ck) 2 0, the signal pin 30 is connected to the signal pin 30 through the post pi pi hunting, W 1 w I want to learn d U 'through a line of knowledge, nu,, a 0 phase shift a (phase shifter) 40 After the phase shift, it is a fake 5 tiger (DummySignal) report * s through the antenna 50 to launch the phase-reversing electric king-differential 佶 on the 'Silicon descending line (Microstrip antenna) 50 由-wave, The antenna can be a micro ante㈣a) 50, and the fish & —stripline antenna (S ipUne 〃hara existing electromagnetic waves to cancel each other out by-夭 ㈣ \ circuit 'i-differential signal circuit'
第6頁Page 6
而一般 的前端 路其相 體面比 擴大的 的話, 電流的 想*%流 路’亦 為 天線, 如第2A 的微帶 開路, 對介電 該微帶 導體相 則除去 微帶線 的話, 即平行 了依據 當微帶 圖所示 天線(M 利用該 質基板 線路寬 同的效 下面的 路之等 亦視為 並排的 勒謝爾 線路的 icirostrip antenna)50 是將微帶線路 部分的天線做為發射之用,而微帶 的下方全部為導體,當基板下方 度W大很多時’則此導體具有和無限 果。此時’若微帶線路上有電流流動 導體,取二倍間隔,則有具有反方向 效特性。因此,微帶線路若考慮其假 與勒謝爾線(Lecher)相同的傳送線 線路。 線(Lecher)上的駐波分布來考量偶極 兩端開路時’微帶線路上的駐波分布 而微帶天線的諧振長度主要是靠線路的長度來決定, 故線路的寬度依賴諧振的條件非常小,可是,作為天線的 動作必須考量來自此部分的輻射。而第2B圖為本發明實施 例所利用微帶線路的端部輻射示意圖,電磁場密閉在微帶 線路内雖不錯,但是來自天線端部的電場會向外侧擴散下 去。亦即,利用彼此磁流的逆向,使其輻射的電場與原存 在之電場達到相互抵消之作用。 、包由一微帶天線(Microstrip antenna)50或一帶狀線 天線(S t r i p 1 i n e a η ΐ e η n a) 5 0 ’以發射倒相之電磁波,其 令相位差的範圍可以依據移相器4 0線路的設計,產生從9 〇 至1 8 0 不同的移相程度。此差動信號在不損及信號品 處的前題下’依據右手安培定律(如第2 c圖所示)可達到磁In general, if the phase ratio of the front-end circuit is decent, the current flow *% is also an antenna. For example, if the microstrip conductor of 2A is open, the microstrip conductor is removed from the dielectric phase, that is, parallel. It is based on the fact that the antenna shown in the microstrip diagram (M uses the same width of the substrate line and the following way is also considered as the icirostrip antenna of the Lechère line side by side) 50 is the antenna of the microstrip line part as the transmission The bottom of the microstrip is all a conductor. When the degree W of the substrate is much larger, then the conductor has infinite results. At this time, 'if there is a current flowing conductor on the microstrip line, and the interval is doubled, it has the reverse direction effect characteristic. Therefore, if a microstrip line is considered to be the same transmission line line as the Lecher line (Lecher). The standing wave distribution on the line (Lecher) considers the standing wave distribution on the microstrip line when the two ends of the dipole are open. The resonance length of the microstrip antenna is mainly determined by the length of the line, so the width of the line depends on the resonance Very small, but the action as an antenna must take into account the radiation from this part. Fig. 2B is a schematic diagram of the radiation at the ends of the microstrip line used in the embodiment of the present invention. Although the electromagnetic field is sealed in the microstrip line, it is good, but the electric field from the antenna end portion will spread outward. That is, by using the opposite directions of the magnetic currents, the radiated electric field and the existing electric field can cancel each other. The package consists of a microstrip antenna 50 or a stripline antenna (S trip 1 inea η ΐ e η na) 5 0 'to emit electromagnetic waves of phase inversion. The range of the phase difference can be based on the phase shifter. The design of the 40 line produces different degrees of phase shift from 90 to 180. This differential signal under the premise of not harming the signal product ’can reach the magnetic field according to the right-hand ampere law (as shown in Figure 2c).
4 3 93 1 8 五、發明說明(5) 場抵消以及電場耦合的目的’其中㊉為走線3 〇的電流方向 (4曰入紙面)’ 0為經由信號產生器其他接腳的電流方向 (才曰出紙面)’所以在近場下’已抵消大部份的電磁場 6〇 ’只有少量的洩漏場強度(stray fringing fields) 會散逸到遠場成為平面波,如此一來可大幅降低電磁幅射 〇 本發明所採用的移相器的型式可以選自第3A-3Η圖中 的習釦移相器的型式的任何一種。其中包含第3Α圖的直線 式延遲線型(Straight delay line)、第3Β圖的西折式延 遲線型(Meander-line delay line)、第3C圖的T式接合相 位型(T-junction phase)、第3D圖的串接相位塑(Series phase)、第 3 E圖的串接 PIN相位型(Series PIN diode phase) '第3F圖的分流相位型(Shunt phase)、第3G圖的 分流PIN相位型(Shunt PIN diode phase)及第3Η圖的鐵電 性相位型(Ferroelectric phase)等变式° 雖然本發明以前述之較佳實施例揭露如上,然其旅非 用以限定本發明,任何熟習此技藝者,在不脫離本發明之 精神和範圍内,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之 保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。4 3 93 1 8 V. Description of the invention (5) The purpose of field cancellation and electric field coupling 'where ㊉ is the current direction of the wire 3 〇 (4 on the paper surface)' 0 is the current direction through the other pins of the signal generator ( (Only on the paper) "So in the near field, most of the electromagnetic field 60 has been cancelled." Only a small amount of stray fringing fields will dissipate into the far field and become plane waves. This will greatly reduce the electromagnetic radiation. 〇 The type of the phase shifter used in the present invention may be selected from any of the types of the conventional phase shifter shown in FIGS. 3A-3 (a). It includes the straight delay line in Figure 3A, the Meander-line delay line in Figure 3B, the T-junction phase in Figure 3C, and Series phase in 3D, Series PIN diode phase in Figure 3E, 'Shunt phase in Figure 3F, and PIN phase in Figure 3G ( Shunt PIN diode phase) and ferroelectric phase type (Figure 3), etc. Although the present invention is disclosed as the above-mentioned preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this technique In addition, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, some modifications and retouching can be made. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.
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